PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH WRITING

Topic Questions:
1. What is Research?
2. What is the importance of Research?
3. What are the types of Scientific Research?
4. What are the types of Research?
5. How do we construct a Quantitative title?
6. What are the rules in writing a research paper?
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Definition of Research
Research is the systematic investigation and study of materials and sources to establish facts
and reach new conclusions.
 Research is done by applying what is known (if anything), and building on it. Additional
knowledge can be discovered by proving existing theories, and by trying to better explain
observations.
 We may have to find some new algorithms, methods or replicate existing method to against
others by proving the facts.
 Research should be systematic, organized and objective.

Importance of Research
 A Tool for Building Knowledge and for Facilitating Learning
For nonprofessionals who value learning, doing research equips them with knowledge
about the world and skills to survive and improve their lives. Among professionals and scribes,
on the other hand, finding an interesting topic to discuss and/or to write about should go
beyond personal experience.
Determining either what the general public may want to know or what researchers want
others to realize or to think about can serve as a reason to do research. Thus, research is an
essential component in generating knowledge and vice-versa.

 Means to Understand Various Issues and Increase Public Awareness

Television shows and movies ooze with research - both on the part of the writer(s) and
the actors. Though there are hosts who rely on their researchers, there are also those who
exert effort to do their own research. This step helps them:

 get information that hired researchers missed,

 build a good rapport with the interviewee, and
 conduct a good interview in the process

 An Aid to Business Success

Research benefits business. Many successful companies, such as those producing
consumer goods or mass-market items, invest in research and development or R&D.
Different business industries with science and engineering processes like agriculture, food
and beverage, manufacturing, healthcare and pharmaceuticals, computer software,
semiconductor, information and communication technology, construction, robotics,
aerospace, aviation, and energy have high R&D expenditure because it is critical to product
innovation and to improving services.

 A Way to Prove Lies and to Support Truths

 Doing research to reveal lies or truths involving personal affairs contributes in either
making a relationship work or in breaking away from a dysfunctional one. For the
monogamous lot, doing research to disprove or prove infidelity is not simply a trust issue,
but a right to find out the truth - unless one's intimate partner has already admitted being
polyamorous even before the relationship started.
When a person dislikes answering relationship-related questions, including her or his
whereabouts, it is better to see that as a red flag and take baby steps to save yourself from
what could become a more serious emotional mess later.

 Means to Find, Gauge, and Seize Opportunities

Research helps people nurture their potential and achieve goals through various
opportunities. These can be in the form of securing employment, scholarships, training
grants, project funding, business collaboration, and budget traveling, among others.

 A Seed to Love Reading, Writing, Analyzing, and Sharing Valuable Information

Research entails both reading and writing. These two literacy functions help enable
computation and comprehension. Without these skills, it is less likely for anyone to
appreciate and get involved in research. Reading opens the mind to a vast horizon of
knowledge, while writing helps a reader use her/his own perspective and transform this into
a more concrete idea that s/he understands.

 Nourishment and Exercise for the Mind

Curiosity may kill not just the cat, but the human as well. Yet, it is the same curiosity
that fuels the mind to seek for answers. The College Admissions Partners (n.d.) notes how
scientific research in particular "helps students develop critical reasoning skills...helpful for
any field of higher education..." Such search or the thinking process is food for the brain,
allowing creativity and logic to remain active. It also helps prevent mental illnesses like
Alzheimer's.

Types of Scientific Research

1. Basic Research
 Often described as research without any clear goals, or science to satisfy the curiosity of a
lone scientist without anyone else even realizing that it exists.
 Goal: To expand Man’s Knowledge
Sample Topics:
- How was the Universe made?
- Why is the light faster than sound?
- Who came first: Chicken or Egg?

2. Applied Research
 Seeks to solve a specific problem or provide innovative solutions to issues affecting an
individual, group or society.
 Goal: To Improve Human’s Condition
Sample Topics:
- How to create a vaccine for Covid-19?
- How to prevent insects from eating the crops?
- How to burn fats without working out?

Types of Research
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
 Involves collecting and analyzing
non-numerical data (e.g., text,
video, or audio) to understand Involves collecting and analyzing
Definition
concepts, opinions, or numerical data for statistical analysis.
experiences.

Results Words Numbers

Used to put numerical assignments to
Used to understand how people the problem being investigated so
Purpose experience the world. that the data can be transformed into
statistics.

Informants Respondents
Data-
Gathering Interviews and Transcription Survey, Checklist and Tallying
Procedure
Treatment of
Statistics
Data

Constructing a Quantitative Research Title

1. Know the difference between DEPENDENT and INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
A Dependent variable represents a quantity whose value depends on how the independent
variable is manipulated.
An Independent variable is a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated.

Example:
You want to know the difference of studying Oral Communication through Online Class and
Modular

2. Find out the problem you are seeking to give answer for.
Example:
Impact/Effectiveness/Accessibility

3. Know your respondents and the setting of your study

Specify who your respondents will be, and where will they come from.
Example:
Grade 11 ICT Students of Arellano University – Pasig

4. Gather all your Subjects and Construct your Title now.

IV: Modular & Online Class
DV: Studying Oral Communication
Problem: Effectiveness
Respondents: Grade 11 ICT Students
Setting: Arellano University - Pasig

Final Title: Modular Vs. Online Class: Its Effectiveness in studying Oral Communication to the
Grade 11 ICT Students of Arellano University – Pasig

ADDITIONAL: Make sure your topic is inclined with your Strand

Rules in writing a Research Paper

 Research Writing is a form of a formal piece of writing. The purpose of formal writing is for it
to be as clear, well-constructed, and unambiguous as possible. Formal writing is often the most
difficult to write, but the easiest to read due to the information being presented in a format that
can stand alone without further clarification.
In making a research paper, consider the following rules as follows:
1. Use 3rd Person Point of View
me/we they them
you/your he/she his/her

Tip: You can also use the names (e.g. the researchers, the respondents, the pioneers, etc.)

2. Avoid Contractions
net  Internet/Network
accdg  According
For Acronyms:
WWW  World Wide Web (WWW) [Write the whole term once]

3. Use Passive Voice

The researchers use survey questionnaire in conducting their research.
The researchers used survey questionnaire in conducting their research.

4. Paraphrase an article
5. Summarize an article