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    NUR FAHIRA ELIANA BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLI KM-Pelajar
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    Rhizopus stolonifer, commonly known as black bread mold, is a fungus in the order Mucorales. It reproduces both sexually through the formation of zygosporangium and asexually through spore formation. As a saprophytic decomposer, it plays an important role in the carbon cycle and is commercially used in fermentation to produce products like ethanol, fumaric acid, and lactic acid. It can be found nearly everywhere but prefers humid environments.

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    Rhizopus stolonifer, commonly known as black bread mold, is a fungus in the order Mucorales. It reproduces both sexually through the formation of zygosporangium and asexually through spore formation. As a saprophytic decomposer, it plays an important role in the carbon cycle and is commercially used in fermentation to produce products like ethanol, fumaric acid, and lactic acid. It can be found nearly everywhere but prefers humid environments.

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    11 views2 pages

    Assignment Bio

    Uploaded by

    NUR FAHIRA ELIANA BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLI KM-Pelajar
    Rhizopus stolonifer, commonly known as black bread mold, is a fungus in the order Mucorales. It reproduces both sexually through the formation of zygosporangium and asexually through spore formation. As a saprophytic decomposer, it plays an important role in the carbon cycle and is commercially used in fermentation to produce products like ethanol, fumaric acid, and lactic acid. It can be found nearly everywhere but prefers humid environments.

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    of 2

    Five-Kingdom

    System (1969)
    INTRODUCTION
    Rhizopus
    stolonifera R.H. WHITTAKER
    AMERICAN GEOLOGIST

    BLACK BREAD MOLD Introduced Five-Kingdom System


    based on level of cell organization,
    level of organism and mode of
    nutrition

    CARL WOESE
    AMERICAN MICROBIOLOGIST

    Introduced Three-Domain System


    which simplified classification
    based on RNA base sequences of Three-Domain
    organism. it divided into three
    domain which are bacteria, System (1977)
    archaea and eukarya
    NUR FAHIRA ELIANA BINTI MOHD
    ZULKIFLI
    S3K4T3
    MS2023177176
    SIR ROSLAN BIN ABU BAKAR

    1(a) image of formation of Zygosporangium


    HIERARCHICAL UNIQUE
    CLASSIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS
    Reproduce both sexually and asexually
    Domain : Eukarya Appear first as a cottony white structure
    and then turns black on the surface
    Kingdom : Fungi Spores can be found nearly everywhere,
    Phylum : Zygomycota but mostly in humid environments
    Class : Zygomycetes Get nutrients from the substrate on
    which it landed

    Order : Mucorales Saprophytic


    Family : Mucoraceae
    Genus : Rhizopus IMPORTANCE
    Species : Rhizopus stolonifer As a decomposer in soil in carbon cycle
    Used in production of ethyl alcohol which
    is important in fermentation product
    Commercially used to produce fumaric KOLEJ MATRIKULASI
    acid and lactic acid at high purity SELANGOR

    COMMON NAME
    Acuan roti hitam (Malaysian)
    REFERENCE
    Black bread mold (English) Editor, MN. Rhizopus stolonifer: Life Cycle, Habitat,
    Nutrition, Disease, Importance (2022)
    Kapang roti hitam (Indonesian) Retrieved Jan 21,2022, from
    https://microbiologynote.com/rhizopus-stolonifer-life-
    Jamur roti ireng (Javanese) cycle-habitat-nutrition-disease-importance/
    Kuropan-gata (Japanese) Davis, UC. Rhizopus stolonifer (2018) .
    Retrieved March 20,2018, from
    Swartbroodvorm (Afrikaans) https://wineserver.ucdavis.edu/industry-
    info/enology/wine-microbiology/yeast-mold/rhizopus-
    stolonifer#:~:text=Distinguishing%20Features%3A,contac
    t%2C%20producing%20the%20resilient%20zygospores.
    Campbell, N.A., Reece, J.B., Urry, L.A., Cain, M.L.,
    Wassermen, S.A., Minorsky, P.V. & Jackson, R.B. (2018).
    Biology. (11th Ed). Pearson Benjamin Cummings. USA.

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