Sabana Railway Station

SABANA
RAILWAY STATION
POLITECNICO DI MILANO
VALORISATION OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS
VALORISATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
Stefano Della Torre
Cristina Boniotti
Maria Alejandra Cortes
Jairo Andres Guaje
CONTENT
1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 3
2 PROJECT FORMULATION .......................................................................... 4
2.1 DELIMITATION .......................................................................................... 5
2.2 PROBLEM .................................................................................................. 6
2.3 JUSTIFICATION .......................................................................................... 8
3 PROJECT FORMULATION .......................................................................... 10
3.1 GENERAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 11
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS ....................................................................................... 12
3.3 UPCOMING PROJECTS .............................................................................. 24
3.4 COMMUNITY DYNAMICS ......................................................................... 27
3.5 LEGAL FRAME ........................................................................................... 34
3.6 PESTEL METHOD ...................................................................................... 39
3.7 SWOT ANALYSIS ....................................................................................... 40
4 AIMS ......................................................................................................... 41
4.1 DEFINITION .............................................................................................. 42
5 FRAME OF INTERVENTION ...................................................................... 43
5.1 DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................... 44
5.2 CONDITIONS ............................................................................................ 47
5.3 FLOOR PLANS .......................................................................................... 48
5.4 FRAME OF THE INTERVENTION .............................................................. 50
5.5 STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS ......................................................... 52
5.6 TARGET ..................................................................................................... 57
6 STRATEGIES .............................................................................................. 58
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................................................ 59
6.2 PILLAR APPROACH .................................................................................... 67
6.3 PHASES OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................... 68
7 PROPOSAL ................................................................................................ 69
7.1 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................... 70
7.2 MAINTENANCE PLAN ............................................................................... 72
7.3 MARKETING PLAN ................................................................................... 73
7.4 BUDGET ................................................................................................... 74
7.5 DISCOUNT CASH FLOW ........................................................................... 81
8 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................... 83
8.1 OPINION .................................................................................................... 84
9 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................... 85
1 INTRODUCTION
The elaboration of this project was born with the purpose of identifying and recognizing
the material heritage of the Sabana Railway Station located in Bogotá from the valuation.
The historic center of Bogotá has national landmarks and symbols, which have diversified
uses typical of an urban center, such as museums, universities, public establishments, and
others. Although the city has constructions of architectural, aesthetic and functional va-
lue, it changes with respect to its urban development and its social dynamics conditioned
by territorial determinants, so these goods are compromised to transformations and have
the possibility of being aesthetically compromised (deterioration) and functionally.
Since the last century, the Sabana Station has been part of the cultural and historical iden-
tity of the city, marked by milestones in the economic and social development of the com-
munity, the urban growth of the city and its effects on the in which the passengers mo-
bilized, the political and cultural changes that led to internal mobilizations that change
the dynamics of the territory and that consequently affected the use and usefulness of
the Station to its current state of deterioration and undervaluation, losing great interest
for citizens and tourists, and to a certain extent avoiding it, being this, on the contrary, a
national monument since 1984
This project is done in order to value the asset of cultural interest, the Sabana Station, since
it is a property with which citizens and tourists interact and which has great cultural im-
portance as national cultural heritage, through the urban analysis, future projects which
will generate functional changes (at the architectural level / uses), cultural and socioeco-
nomic, which manage to influence the perception, security of public and private spaces
in the sector. How can assets of cultural interest be revitalized through a cultural heritage
project that positively influences it and the sector?.
3
2 PROJECT FORMULATION
4
2.1 DELIMITATION
Colombia had the first train line in 1909, and whose first stations were built between 1852
and 1920, among them, the Sabana Railway Station, located in Bogotá, was inaugurated
on the 20th of July 1917 designed by Mariano Santamaría and built by William Lidstone
representing the republican architecture in Colombia, built to replace another train sta-
tion that had been in operation since 1887. It was the main office of the National Railways
of Colombia and the central station of the Train la Sabana de Bogotá, which had the grea-
test relevance in the region, since the trains departed from there covered the different re-
gions to the possibility of embarking on the Magdalena River to other destinations in the
country, so it was not only used by the population as transportation but was also the axis
of economic development since different types of merchandise were transported by train.
In 1895, the construction of other sections of the train to the south of Bogotá - Soacha be-
gan in Cundinamarca and a year later, during the change of presidency with Rafael Reyes,
a railway boom began with the inauguration of the route to Cajicá in 1896 and in 1898, to
Zipaquirá, years in which there were a total of kilometres in operation of the Colombian
railways up to 620 kilometres in 1906, with the inauguration of the Zipaquirá station in
1927. The construction of the railways in Cundinamarca was slow since the resources were
scarce, there were multiple political instabilities, fraudulent contracting, difficult geogra-
phical, financial, technical and economic conditions.
The station was remodelled in 1954. Practically the entire building was modified, from the
interior to the façade as we know it today. The property was declared a national monu-
ment by decree 2390 of September 26, 1984, due to its historical and cultural importance.
As of the 20th century, all this infrastructure was later affected by the legacy of the auto-
mobile, where the construction of highways was prioritized, which interrupted some train
routes, which is why many of the railway stations and rails nationwide were abandoned,
starting a process of deterioration until the liquidation in 1991 of the National Railways of
Colombia, since the building has suffered a whole series of damages.
Nowadays, The Sabana Railway Station is located in 13th Street Avenues close to the ur-
ban center of the city, sector The Martires which is delimited by important avenues that
divide the city and have enormous importance for the economy, mobility and develop-
ment of the community and the city, in the east the Caracas Avenue, in west the Ciudad de
Quito avenue. All of them considered as primary urban streets which consequently have
a large flow of daily passers-by.
5
2.2 PROBLEM
Heritage buildings are those urban facts that are born with a vocation for a specific time
and that after a while are consolidated as Assets of Cultural Interest (ACI) due to their
architectural and historical importance for the city, due to the process of evolution- urban
development of the city, which in some cases directly affect heritage buildings, which Ros-
si considers to be embalmed monuments by their surroundings, since they are completely
closed off from the city and vice versa and gradually lose their character as a primary ele-
ment in the composition of the city, causing its disintegration from the current dynamics
of the city, leading to the formal disarticulation between the Architectural Heritage and
its city context.
Caracas Avenue is part of the oldest roads in the city, initially connected Santafé with the
towns of the Sabana, the road layout was made of what was called the Camellón del Norte
and on which the northern railway would be built at the end 19th century, it was a tree-li-
ned avenue and due to the migratory waves that were caused by the Bogotazo, the trees
were demolished and the road was widened. After the migration waves caused settlements
towards the south of the city, give raise to the displacement of the inhabitants of center of
the city, compromising areas known today as The Martires, and Santa fe, where they were
affected the train tracks and the abandonment of the sector, generating conformations
of the cartridge (drug sales area) cosequently, ceasing to be firstly housing sector to be a
commercial sector.
Since the sector became a commercial-services place for the city, there is a predominance
of floating population, which generates a need for transportation to be able to mobilize the
population, as a consequence the mobility system is one of the problems with the highest
incidence in the area and the road does not it is wide enough for the number of users who
travel daily, during rush hour the public transport system becomes congested, creating a
high flow of vehicular transport.
As a mobility solution to the needs of the city, in 2000 the integrated public transport sys-
tem Transmilenio was inaugurated, which initially operated a service corresponding to a
BRT (Bus Rapid Transport) that traveled along a single road divided into service trunks
and that covered part of the passenger movements of the city, however, this system only
circulated in some areas of the city and was limited to the reach of its trunk lines, which
required users to travel to the stations in order to use the system, this attracted various
sources of commerce and services, however it also generated new points of insecurity in
the sector, amplified by previous problems of abandonment, deterioration, informal trade
and mobility needs, which were not sufficiently controlled by government entities and
which led to a change in the perception of security in the area.
6
2.2 PROBLEM
With the development and expantion of the city, nowadays, The Sabana Railway Station is
located in 13th Street Avenues close to the urban center of the city, sector The Martires
which is delimited by important avenues that divide the city and have enormous impor-
tance for the economy, mobility and development of the community and the city, in the
east the Caracas Avenue, in west the Ciudad de Quito avenue. All of them considered as
primary urban streets which consequently have a large flow of daily passers-by.
Currently the station is owned by the state, administered by the National Institute of
Roads, but used by a private association, Turistren, that operates remodeled classic trains
at the station that offers its services to travel through the Bogotá savannah, heading to the
towns of Cajicá. A typical savannah town, Nemocón, where you can get off and access
the Salt Mine, and Zipaquirá, where is located the Salt Cathedral, considered the First
Wonder of Colombia. The Sabana Touristic Train offers its services on Saturdays, Sundays
and holidays.
Figure 1: Estado estación de la sabana, https://directorioicc.gov.co/comision-filmica/estacion-de-la-sabana
As mentioned before, the tourist train of the savannah operates starting from the Sabana
Railway Station, offering a tour of the Savannah landscape, and having a previous stop in
the Usaquen Railway station before leaving the city of Bogotá to pass through the towns of
Cajicá, Zipaquirá and Nemocón. Unfortunately, most citizens and tourists start and finish
this tour directly at the Usaquén station, avoiding the insecurity and traffic congestion
of the city center, and consequently the Sabana station, ignoring a hidden treasure of the
history and culture of the city and the country.
7
2.3 JUSTIFICATION
In the area Los Martires there are assets of cultural interest; The Sabana Railway Station,
Church La Sagrada Pasión and in additional other assets of cultural interest buildings
which define the identity of the sector, and other areas surrounding them to be able to
“develop adequate urban actors to revitalize the sector, adapting it to the environment,
population and growth. of the rhythm of the city without affecting its morphological and
historical characteristics”. En: Revista Escala Arquitectura Latinoamericana. No. 213. Bo-
gotá: Escala, 2007. ISNN: 0120-6702. p. 1)
The renovation of the center of Bogotá is emerging as one of the most important invest-
ment opportunities of the last 30 years, recovering the historic center and turning it into
a focus of economic, tourist and cultural development, the sector would be revitalized,
turning the sector of the Martires it into an habitable, attractive and safe place, generating
better protection environments for assets of cultural interest, allowing us to evoke the im-
portance of pre-existing architecture of the place, and this in turn can be associated with
the concept of –Environmental Pre-existence– mentioned by Josep Montaner in relation
to the postulate enunciated by Ernesto Nathan Rogers, who states the following: “(...)
there must be a more respectful vision with the traditional city, trying to harmonize the
works with the pre-existing ones,–whether with nature, or with the s historically created
by human ingenuity–.”
Therefore as the Building of the Railway station La Sabana is being a victim of abandon-
ment and loss of cultural identity, which represents a threat to the memory of the inha-
bitants of Bogotá, since it operates as a police station, and as well because the cultural
and economic resources that have been given have not been sufficient so, consequently
the building has deteriorated. The development of the work is given with the objective of
revitalizing the memory of the Railway station La Sabana, re-signifying the heritage of the
city through tangible and intangible actions.
In 2009 it was announced that the sector occupied by the station was included in the ur-
ban renewal plans of the capital. According to the Mobility Master Plan, the place would
be the axis of articulation of the Integrated Transport System, composed of Transmilenio,
the commuter train and the metro, which is the partial urban renewal plan “La Sabana”,
promoted by the district planning secretary, with the aim of “Contributing to the trans-
formation of the Sabana Station sector through the configuration of a system of public
spaces that, mainly, privileges and values the presence of Assets of Cultural Interest (ACI)
and city facilities present in the sector; the development of an occupation model that in-
corporates new uses of commerce and services that meet the demands originated by the
recovery of the Sabana Station as an intermodal integration node”, does not consider the
intervention of the Sabana Station, only the adjacent sector, with the construction of new
buildings with residential and commercial spaces, but that could contrast the landscape
and the context with the cultural heritage of the sector and the town, but unfortunately, it
does not have a start yet.
8
2.3 JUSTIFICATION
Besides, there is a Special Management and Protection Plan SMPP of the Historic Center
of Bogotá, promoted by the district institute of cultural heritage and the ministry of cultu-
re, is being carried out, seeking to value the historic center of the city and all the cultural
heritage that it possesses in order to bring new interest for the national and internatio-
nal travelers, improve the economy and development of the community and strength the
security and safety of the sector; however, even if the Sabana Station is located at a few
blocks from the historic center, it is not included within the properties to be valued.
As mentioned before, the tourist train of the savannah operates starting from the Sabana
Railway Station, offering a tour of the Savannah landscape, and having a previous stop in
the Usaquen Railway station before leaving the city of Bogotá to pass through the towns of
Cajicá, Zipaquirá and Nemocón. Unfortunately, most citizens and tourists start and finish
this tour directly at the Usaquén station, avoiding the insecurity and traffic congestion
of the city center, and consequently the Sabana station, ignoring a hidden treasure of the
history and culture of the city and the country.
The interpretation of the current concept of heritage has a diversity of definitions in rela-
tion to its assessment and intervention; Consequently, it is necessary to put on the table
that: “Renovations, incisions, inlays, reuses, infiltrations, new works and also restorations
are processes of heritage valuation, not only of rescue, but of re-signification with which
new life is introduced to the built, the complexes, the city and urban life” (39 REVISTA
ESCALA. “Intervenciones. Reeditar el patrimonio”.
Figure 2. Sabana Station front view, https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estacion_de_la_Sabana
9
3 PROJECT FORRMULATION
10
3.1 GENERAL ANALYSIS
BOGOTÁ
COLOMBIA
Figure 3. Bogotá, Colombia.Own elaboration.
Bogota, capital and largest city of Colombia, has a total extension of 163,659 hectares
(Ha), of which 41,388 are classified in urban land and 122,271 on rural land. Of the total
of the urban area 5,584 Ha and of the rural area 72,289 Ha correspond to protected areas.
Has an administrative division of 20 localities or districts, with a population of 7 871 075
habitants, that corresponds to 47% of male population and 53% of women population
with the capability of 5.134 public parks. Regarding to the economic and social hetero-
geneity of its dwellings, the Capital District is stratified into six stratums, being 1, 2 3 the
lowest economic ability to pay and 5, 6 with good economic resources.
The city offers public transport routes, which connect the entire city, and most of which
have been incorporated into the Integrated Public Transport System (SITP). However,
given the number of vehicles and buses, the most effective means of transportation is the
Transmilenio. Likewise, Bogotá can be explored by bicycle, since it has more than 3,000
km of bike paths, and by train because is the second city in Colombia that is enabled a tra-
in de la Sabana, which covers the Bogotá - Zipaquirá route, through 53 kilometers, being
the only corridor that allows commercial passengers nationwide, which run through the
main neighborhoods.
Puente Aranda Martires Santa fé Barrios unidos Chapinero Teusaquilllo Candelaria Santa fé San cristobal Usaquén Fontibón Chapinero Teusaquillo Martires Santa fé
Mayor tourism routs 35% Cultural Heritage Buildings Mayority location of public infraestructure
Figure 4. Localities of Bogotá. Own elaboration.
11
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
BOGOTÁ
LOS MARTIRES
Figure 5. Los martires. Own elaboration.
The sector of Los Mártires is located in the center of the urban territory of
Bogota. Has an area of 651 hectares (entirely an urban area). It is administratively divided
into 2 UPZs Santa Isabel and La Sabana representing 69.2% of the total (450.9 ha) where
is located the Sabana Railway.
MOBILITY PUBLIC ENTITIES EDUCATIONAL

Bus station National Universities
Secondary stop Distrital Schools
Bike station Local Sabana Railway
Sabana Railway Sabana Railway
Figure 6. Los martires main dynamics. Own elaboration.
LAND USES AGGLOMERATION RISKS
Residential Urban network Contamination
3.2.1 Mobility
Services
Comercial
People centrality
Building density
Robbery
Homeless
Industrial Sabana Railway Sabana Railway
In a more local view at the city, locality and UPZ level, the integrated public transport sys-
Sabana Railway
tem Transmilenio, have two types of service: a zonal service, provided by buses that travel
through the public streets of the city entering the different neighborhoods, and a trunk
service, corresponds to a BRT (Bus Rapid Transport) that travels along a single road divi-
ded into service trunks and which covers the majority of movements of passengers in the
city, this, indeed, has a stop located in front of the Sabana Station, from which it receives
the name of the “De la Sabana” station.
TURISM CULTURAL HERITAGE
Interest sites Multi-cultural Museum
According to the Transmilenio System (Transmilenio, 2021), for the month of December
Shopping mall Archive Church
2021, in the trunk service of Caracas Avenue more than 4.5 million validations was made
Hotel Library Theater
Green areas Sabana Railway Sabana Railway
to enter the system and in the trunk service of Americas Avenue, where is located the
Sabana Railway
“De la Sabana” station, more than 4.4 million, corresponding respectively to the 10,5%
and 10.2% of the total month validation of the city. This information indicates the large
number of movements that take place within the sector, which can be used by the “De la
Sabana” station to attract and mobilize citizens, visitors and tourists to the Sabana Railway
Station.
12
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
Figure 7. Estadísticas de oferta y demanda del Sistema Integrado de Transporte

Público SITP diciembre 2021 (transmilenio.gov.co)
The sector has less than 0.5% of roads for pedestrian, 3% of internal road network for car
use, 28% primary internal road network for car use, 26% secondary internal road network
for car use and STP (system of integrated transport - bus), 14% of roads for the use of
automobiles, motorcycles and public transport such as Transmilenio, bus and taxi, road
which in its entirety has 324,946 daily trips corresponding mostly to: 46% public transport
sitp-transmilenio, 23% pedestrian, 11% car, 5% motorcycle, 5% taxi, 4% bicycle, but the
biggest concern is the growth of cars and motorcycles in the city with 70% in 8 years.
Whereas, the 13th Street Avenue is the most relevant internal road and main road to Sa-
bana Sailway Station, being a mostly commercial sector, it brought with it informal com-
merce, which deteriorated the area and the sidewalks were compromised for pedestrians.
During rush hour the public transport system becomes congested, creating a high flow of
vehicular transport. It is a road used by different transports such as; the Transmilenio, bu-
ses and private vehicles, making it one of the most critical points in the sector and where
the vehicular flow is most concentrated, the road is not wide enough for the number of
users who travel daily.
3.2.2 Urban facilities and administrative infraestructure

According to the database of the District Institute of Recreation and Sports, the Martires
has different spaces and buildings designed to provide citizens with social services of a
training, cultural, educational, health, religious worship, social welfare, sports and recrea-
tional nature; which also provide functional support to public administration and basic
urban services in the city. There are 102 facilities, which are mainly focused on education,
welfare and health, where the presence of welfare and education facilities in the town
stands out.
Additionally, has a total of 169 facilities for every 69,966 habitants, has 120 institutions
private health and three public institutions that provide health services, the Misericordia
hospital, the San Pedro Claver clinic and the San José hospital. As well has important edu-
cational centers, the sector of Los Mártires has within the installed capacity of 28 schools
and locates only 1 recreational and sports equipment that corresponds to 1 coliseum.
13
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
Besides has defense and justice facilities such as the courts for the execution of sentences
and measures, the district civil courts, the Inspection of the Martyrs and the Local Perso-
nería of the Martyrs; administrative equipment such as the DAS headquarters, the Traffic
and Transportation Secretariat, the Bogota Sectional Prosecutor’s Office, the Social Lia-
bility Fund of National Railways. These facilities are intended to provide administrative
and citizen services, including, citizen security infrastructure, defense and justice facili-
ties, fairgrounds and cemeteries. The largest number of facilities correspond to those of
culture, worship and social integration, while the low number of sports and recreational
facilities is notable.
3.2.3 Green areas - open spaces

The sector of Los Mártires has green areas which occupy 24.61 hectares, with an index
of 2.27 m² of green area/inhabitant. The La Sabana and Santa Isabel sectors have the best
indicators of public space, due to the El Renacimiento Metropolitan Park and the Eduardo
Santos Park, which were reopened in 2020, in contrast to a lower population density in
the locality. The effective public space in the town is very deficient since it only registers
2.27m2 per inhabitant, when it should be effective public space per inhabitant of 15m2.
The town has 5,695 trees located in public space; the locality had 116 species of trees (67%
native and 29% foreign), according to the LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN OF LOS
MARTIRES los Mártires, has 9.4 trees per hectare and ranks last among the 19 localities
with an urban area in Bogotá , in tree density since there is little availability of public space
where trees can be planted.
The existing squares are in deterioration taking into account the high volume of popula-
tion that moves daily, causing the deterioration of the public space, bringing with it the in-
formal merchants. The deficient afforestation and the lack of green spaces would improve
the quality of urban life for visitors in addition to improving pollution and the perception
of the place. The main squares in the sector are Plaza de Los Mártires, and Plaza España,
which has undergone a great spatial and social restoration process.
14
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
Figure 8. Los martires Locality, interest points, https://bogota.gov.co/mi-ciudad/martires/los-martires-el-alma-profunda-del-centro-de-bogota
3.2.4 Climate
Bogotá has monitoring stations made up of monitors, analyzers and automatic sensors
that collect data every hour on the state of air quality by monitoring the concentrations of
particulate matter (PM, PST), polluting gases (SO2, NO2 ,CO,O3). The closest station to
the town of Los Martires is the station located in Puente Aranda
The town of Puente Aranda in the city of Bogotá has been reported as an area of high air
pollution, mainly because the concentrations of particulate matter10 exceed the legislati-
ve limits, since according to the Local Environmental Plan of Los Martires, 2021 there was
a greater influence of emissions of coarse particles, associated with ashes or resuspended
material, according to the concentration of O3, the station registers with the third lowest
concentration. Air pollution with particulate matter from mobile sources is concentrated
on Calles 13, 30 and Avenida Caracas.
15
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
Figure 9: Los martires Community distribution. Own elaboration
3.2.5 Uses
The predominant area of activity is commerce, services and industry with 60,2%, suitable
for locating establishments that offer goods and services to companies and citizens. There,
agglomerated trade and business services stand out, but wholesale trade prevails for the
most part, since it is an area with a high impact on sales in the city. There is also residential
activity with 30,% with economic activity in housing (mixed use), on internal road axes
of the sector.
There are two sectors that govern their buildings, the Santa Isabel sector, the popular cen-
ter, represents a node of commercial activity, with higher land prices. The sector of La
sabana where is the famous trade of San Victorino which expand, bringing with it the
adaptation of architectural structures for commercial uses. The Savannah Sector had a
high real estate price, due to the growth of the city the users increased, involving new
economic, social and cultural dynamics. There is a low number of residents, agglomerated
trade and business services stand out.
Figure 10. MONOGRAFÍA LOCALIDAD DE LOS MÁRTIRES 2017

Secretaría Distrital de Pla-neación (sdp.gov.co)
16
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
3.2.6 Agglomeration
The existence of areas where high-rise buildings are more concentrated, mainly on Ca-
rrera 30 and Caracas Avenue, where the height of 7 floors prevails, surrounding buil-
dings with lower height with an average of two floors. The buildings towards Calle 13
with an approximate height of 4 floors are in a state of deterioration, due to lack of main-
tenance by the owners, who also do not have a specific regulation for the conditioning
of facades, so the area is scattered.
All these events gave rise to the loss of appropriation and culture, and due to the predo-
mi-nance of commerce, the buildings in the sector began to deteriorate; formal commer-
ce, which generates both visual and auditory pollution, either due to excessive advertising
or the poor management that users give to the establishment to promote their products,
and informal commerce where street vendors appropriate public space creating pedes-
trian congestion and making this an unsafe place, also deteriorating the public space and
in its path the assets of cultural interest.
3.2.7 Risks
The Martires sector is characterized by being a town with great historical weight and im-
portance in the development and growth of the city, which is why it is made up of many
historical landmarks of interest. However, with the expansion of Bogotá, the inhabitants
of the past moved north and the neighborhood was occupied mainly by heavy commerce,
high-impact uses and daytime work activities, which relegated it to insecurity. areas. Ca-
racas is one of the most deteriorated roads in the sector, due to the use of the public space
surrounding the road for informal commerce, generating insecurity problems.
There is a greater proportion of metal waste product of activities of this industry, solid
waste product of the lithographic industry, generation of large amounts of organic waste,
there is also visual contamination in the sector due to the economic activity of the locality,
being mostly commercial, with advertising notices, businesses and factories, with respect
to noise pollution it occurs in the areas of the main roads, with 13th Street being one of
the most congested in the town, since this area is high in demand for the sale of products
of clothing.
Because of it most serious problems in the area are: the street dwellers, drug use, the pre-
sence of tolerance because there was an area called el cartucho which was the biggest cen-
ter of micro trafficking on the city which ended on 2016, as well as high-impact business
activities alongside the residential places, , The insecurity the rubbish the abandonment
and deterioration of the local heritage, the lack of spaces for entertainment, meeting, crea-
tion and appropriation.
17
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
Aguas square
Martires quare San Victorino

Gold museum Park G.G.M.
Army buillding
Pasaje Hernandez Mariposa Park

Ministry Building
La Bordadita
Pasaje Hernandez
Bolivar square Chorro de quevedo
Theater Colon
Justice Palace
Libray L.A.A.
Presidency
PARK GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ
ECCI THEATER
GOLD MUSEUM
EMMERALD MUSEUM
CHURCH SAN FRANCISCO
BUTTERFLY PARK
INSTITUT LA SALLE
CHURCH LA SAGRADA PASIÓN
LA SABANA RAILWAY STATION
Figure 11. Sabana train conections. Own elaboration
Figure 12.Los martire, Tourism, cultural and heritage places. Own elaboration.
18
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
3.2.8 Cultural heritage

The town of Los Mártires has a total of 14 cultural facilities, within which 9 belong to
the group that corresponds to meeting and social cohesion, 3 correspond to spaces of
expression and 2 are from the category of memory and cultural advancement. The culture
facilities are made up of one (1) Bibliostations, (2) Museums, (3) Book stops for parks,
(1) Movie theatre, (1) Crea, (3) Theatres-auditoriums, (3) Libraries community, such as a
Library (Ricaurte Alberto Gutiérrez Botero), a museum (Museum of Exhibition of Man)
and funeral services of the cemeteries (Central, Hebreo Centro, Británico and Alemán
declared in the category of Typological conservation).
Furthermore the total of Assets of Cultural Interest of Los Mártires, 281 are located in the
UPZ La Sabana, because this central sector of the city has historical, urban and architec-
tural values; The San José hospital, the Army Recruitment Directorate, the central ceme-
tery, the headquarters building of the Central Technical Institute and the Sabana station
are located in this UPZ, which are declared Monumental Conservation; declared in the
category of Integral Conservation, are located in this UPZ, the Voto Nacional church, the
Nuestra Señora de Fátima church , the Cudecom building, the Santa Gema clinic, the San
Jorge theatre, the church of the Holy Passion Casa Cural, the Andean chocolate factory,
the Sans Fascon school, the San Pedro Claver clinic and the church Saint Therese of the
Child Jesus.
3.2.9 Description of users

The locality of Los Mártires, according to the District Planning Secretary (2020), for the
year 2020 it had a population of more than 92 thousand inhabitants with a decrease rate
of 0.35%; With the population pyramid like Bogotá, the town is going through a demo-
graphic transition, with a regressive population pyramid, although a greater relationship
is shown in the population of children and young people,the population density of the
locality is very even in the age ranges, mainly between 10 and 45 years old, with similar
percentages in gender distribution, 57% women and 43% men, indicating a young and
diverse population, of productive age and academic and professional training.
Figure 13, Population pyramid of Los Martires. District Planning Secretary (2020)
19
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
Considering the ethnic composition of the population of Bogota, according to the Natio-
nal Statistics Department (2019), for 2018 near 67 thousand of citizens were self-recog-
nized as Afro-descendant people, more than 19 thousand were self-recognized as indige-
nous people and more than 600 were self-recognized as Roma people, in this way, it was
revealed that 42.7% of the capital’s population is mestizo, 36.5% are white, 1.5% Afro-des-
cendant, 0.5% indigenous, 0.01% Roma and 18.9% from another ethnic group.
In the population pyramid the population density of the town is very even in the age ran-
ges, mainly between 10 and 45 years old, with similar percentages in gender distribution,
57% women and 43% men, indicating a young and diverse population, of productive age
and academic and professional training, which can be of great interest in promoting the
development of spaces for education, art and culture.
3.2.10 Socio-economy
Following Los Mártires, given that commercial use predominates, there is a housing defi-
ciency according to the diagnosis of the locality of Los Martires, there is a deficit of 4,156
households with a quantitative deficit of 2.4%, and there are also households with a qua-
litative deficit of 12.7%, that is, homes that present deficiencies, related to the structure,
finishes, space and public services, it should be noted that this may occur because the
lower-middle socioeconomic class predominates: “When asked about the level of inco-
me to cover the minimum household expenses, the results obtained were: 64.1% consi-
der that their income is only enough to cover their minimum expenses; 23.6% income is
enough to cover more than minimum expenses; and 12.3% the income is not enough to
cover their minimum expenses”.
3.2.10 Socio-economy
Figure 14. Los Martires Socio-economy. District Planning Secretary (2020)
20
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
According to the revision process of the territorial ordering plan of Bogota d. c. diagnostic
document no.14 los mártires, 2020 the coverage of public services in the town of Los Már-
tires, the coverage rate of the aqueduct, sewage, garbage collection, electric power is 100%.
Relating to the employment and unemployment rate, for the employment in 2017,
for a working-age population of 88.5% of the total population of the locality, the oc-
cupation rate corresponds to an 58% of the population in working-age population,
for the unemployment, a rate of 8% is registered at the general level of the popula-
tion and a rate of 7.5% for unemployment in women. Numbers much lower than the
city’s unemployment rate, indicating an area with a strong employment component
for its community. The number of employed in Los Mártires represents 1.3% of the
total employed in the city and the unemployed represent 1.3% of the total in the city.
Figure15. Labor distribution. District Planning Secretary (2020).
Describing the living standards, 81% of the population of the locality are in a lower-middle
economic class, while 11% in an upper-middle economic class and 8% a lower economic
class. Corresponding to the District Planning Secretary (2017), the population perceives
that their life standards improved or remains the same (47.8% and 44.3%), only 7.9% of
the population sees that their situation worsened.
Concerning the family composition, according to the District Supervisory Office (2017),
initially in the city of Bogotá the average family composition corresponds to 3 persons
per family, commonly father, mother and a child, while in the locality of Los Martires this
composition falls to a 2.66 persons per family, and finally in the UPZ La Sabana, this num-
ber is the lowest, with an average of 2.55 persons per family, meaning that in the sector the
family nucleus is not complete.
21
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
Figure16. FLos martires Family distribution District Supervisory Office (2017).
3.2.11Economy
The largest proportion of the companies in Los Mártires are located in the downtown
part of the town, near Avenida Calle 13 where the Sabana station is located. According
to the Commercial Registry of the CCB, 2019, Los Mártires is a town with the greatest
presence of micro-entrepreneurs. Of the total number of companies (17,836), 15,651 are
micro-enterprises, which represent 88% of the locality, the rest correspond to 1,762 small
companies, 372 medium-sized companies, and 51 large companies. In Bogotá, the charac-
teristic vocation of the business base: according to the Mercantile Registry of the Bogotá
Chamber of Commerce, only 11% of registered and renewed companies are oriented to
the foreign market and 17,609 companies correspond to the main market of the region.
Commercial activity is of great importance in the business structure of Los Mártires: there
are 9,441 companies dedicated to this activity. In the commerce sector, the activities with
the greatest business presence are pharmaceutical, medicinal and dental products (27%);
hardware, locksmith and glass products (15%); parts, pieces and accessories for motor
vehicles (14%); food, beverages and tobacco (11%); and maintenance and repair of motor
vehicles (5%) (In: Economic and business profile locality Los Mártires. Bogotá: Chamber
of Commerce Bogotá, 2006. p. 35) The industry which is the second of the representative
and dynamic sectors of the local economy with 3,144 companies. 4,664 Services, 88 Agri-
culture, 29 Mines and quarries, 338 Construction, 132 No information.
It is important to mention that of the total number of companies, 11,896 belong to indi-
viduals and the rest to companies, with 4% annual growth in dynamics in the creation
of registered companies, the sector adapting to partial plans and the economy with an
increase in construction, since from 2019 to 2020 there was a growth in construction m2
from 76,656 to 131,307 m2 with a variation of 71.3 according to Regional Construction
Bulletin December 15, 2020 No 24.
22
3.2 LOCAL ANALYSIS
For the city of Bogotá, an average daily time for unpaid work activities was determi-
ned for men of 2 hours and a half, while for women it was more than 6 hours and a
half, and for paid work activities an average daily time for men 9 hours and a half, whi-
le for women 9 hours, completing a total occupation of 11 hours and a half for men
and 15 hours and a half for women, indicating a high daily occupation in work activi-
ties in general, and leaving very little daily margin for other types of personal activities.
Figure 17. Average daily time ocupation ENUT (2021).
In respect to the use of time for personal activities, the activities with the most time
committed at the national level corresponded to personal care activities, which inclu-
des sleep time, media use activities, and education activities, while the activities with
the lowest amount of time committed corresponded to activities connected to the
personal activities, religious life activities and cultural life activities.
Figure 18. Average personal activities daily time ocupation ENUT (2021).
23
3.3 UPCOMING PROJECTS
3.3.1 Plan “La Sabana”
Currently, the Sabana Station is attached to the partial urban renewal plan “La Sabana”,
according to District Decree No. 563 of September 28, 2018, with the aim of “Contribu-
ting to the transformation of the Sabana Station sector through the configuration of a sys-
tem of public spaces that, mainly, privileges and values the presence of Assets of Cultural
Interest (ACI) and city facilities present in the sector; the development of an occupation
model that incorporates new uses of commerce and services that meet the demands origi-
nated by the recovery of the Sabana Station as an intermodal integration node”.
Figure 19. Partial urban renewal plan “La Sabana”. District Decree No. 563 of 2018.
The Plan that seeks to work on 6 continuous units at the Sabana Station to develop spaces
for residential and commercial use that are integrated with the assets of cultural interest
that surround them and that attract a larger population to the area according to the in-
termodal integration that arises from the construction project of the metro of the city of
Bogotá.
3.3.2 Plan SMPP of the Historic Center of Bogotá

the Sabana Station is linked to the Special Management and Protection Plan SMPP of the
Historic Center of Bogotá, according to Resolution number 0088 of April 6, 2021, of the
Ministry of Culture, which is the second upcoming project, with the aim to “Establish the
necessary actions to guarantee the protection, conservation and sustainability over time
of the historic center of Bogotá, promoting the integration of Cultural Heritage, the su-
rrounding public space and the natural environment as cooperation actions”, which seeks
to value the historic center of the city, although it does not include the Sabana Station
within the properties to be valued.
24
Figure 20. Special Managment and Protection Plan of the historic center. Resolution 0088 of 2021.
The Special Management and Protection Plan of the Historic Center of Bogotá is an ins-
trument for the revitalization of the Historic Center of Bogotá and its transformation into
a vital and sustainable center, a place of memory, identity and opportunities from the
integration of its heritage values, prioritizing the execution of a secure tenure plan and a
strategy for the protection of residents and traditional economic and productive activities.
In this way, it affirms the responsibility to equitably redistribute the benefits of urban de-
velopment in order to mitigate socioeconomic impacts and comply with the principles of
equity, inclusion, restoration of initial conditions and right of preference.
3.3.3 Metro line Bogotá

The city of Bogotá is in the process of building the first metro line, according to the De-
cree Number 647 of October 29, 2019, of the Major of Bogota, RD 6666.pdf (metrode-
bogota.gov.co), with the aim of “establish guidelines for implementation of infrastructure
projects of transport of the first line of the Metro of Bogotá within the framework of the
Management Plan Territorial of Bogotá, D.C.” which it estimates to mobilize more than 1
million passengers a day, The metro will be interconnected to the Transmilenio, mainly at
the stops in the historic center and that adjoin the town of Los Mártires, this will be seen
benefited from the affluent of passengers who will pass through and may eventually be
attracted to the asset of cultural interest.
Figure 21. Bogotá Metro line. metrodebogota.gov.co
25
3.3.4 RegioTram
in the department of Cundinamarca, where is located Bogotá as capital city, is in project,
development and bidding process the Suburban Rail, called RegioTram, which is a trans-
portation project to create a mass and rapid transport system to connect the diverse cities
of the savannah with Bogotá.
Figure 22. RegioTram. regiotramdeoccidente.gov.co
Was formulated by the Resolution 4870 of November 7, 2017, with the aim of “define the
area of influence for the Western RegioTram mass transportation system, and approve the
transportation authority for the administration, planning and regulation of the system”
declared of national strategic importance by the National Council for Economic and So-
cial Policy, CONPES 3882 of 2017.
Three lines are planned, starting for the West, then South and North of Bogotá, this last
will correspond to the actual railway that connect Bogotá with the town of Zipaquirá. In
the west line is expected to carry 130 thousand passengers daily, more than 40million per
year, while the North line is expected to carry 250 thousand passengers per day, more than
90 million per year. The railways of the former Bogotá Savannah Railway will be rebuilt
to create a new tram-train network, the Sabana Railway Station will be a central station
where the different lines will converge, meaning a significant affluent of passengers who
will pass through the sector and specifically through the station.
26
3.4 COMMUNITY DYNAMICS
3.4.1 TURISM
Is important to mention that is a city of tourist destination, where is possible find perma-
nent exhibitions of art from all eras, as well as historical objects, religious museums, natu-
ral sciences, technology and even interactive spaces. Notably, has a total of 11,404 Assets
of Cultural Interest (BIC) according to the inventory of the District Institute of Cultural
Heritage. These Assets of Cultural Interest are categorized as Estates and chattels, where
the 96.3% correspond to Real Estates and 3.7% to chattels where is located the Sabana
Railway Station.
According to the District Planning Secretary (SDP, 2016) Presentación de PowerPoint

(sdp.gov.co), the locality of Los Mártires is characterized as a locality with great historical
weight and importance in the development and growth of the city, for this reason It is
made up of many interesting historical landmarks.
The behaviour and flow of tourists can be specified with one of the museums in the vi-
cinity of the locality of Los Mártires, corresponding to the Gold Museum, located in the
historic center of the city, less than 2 kilometres from the Sabana Station, which by 2021
received a flow of visitors of more than 500 thousand tourists a year Museo del Oro (bo-
gotaplazahotel.com), flow that shows the number of visitors and tourists willing to tour
the facilities of nearby tourist attractions and who could be attracted by having a valued
cultural space in a national cultural heritage building such as the Sabana Station.
The Sabana Station is used as the departure station for the tourist train of the savannah to
the city of Zipaquirá, where the Salt Cathedral of Zi-paquirá is located, one of the main
tourist attractions of the city. center of the country. The Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá, ac-
cording to its manager, La Catedral de Sal de Zipaquirá recibe 50 mil turistas al mes | Más
Colombia (mascolombia.com) by 2021 it had a monthly flow of more than 50 thousand
visitors, of which 85% correspond to national visitors and 15% to international visitors,
who travel mainly from the city of Bogotá.
27
SALT CATGEDRAL, ZIPAQUIRA
CAJICA
RAILWAY STATION, USAQUEN
USAQUEN RAILWAY STATION

CAJICA SALT CATHEDRAL-ZIPAQUIRA
Figure 23. Sabana Train route. Own elaboration
28
3.4.2 DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Agreeing to the Tourist Information Center of Colombia CITUR, for the year 2018 (CI-
TUR, 2022) there was a passenger traffic by land transport of more than 77 million pas-
sengers to all national destinations, of which about 10 million corresponded to Bogota.
Similarly, for the year 2021, from international flights more than 3 million passengers
entered the country, of which more than 1 million six hundred thousand entered through
the city of Bogotá, while, from domestic flights, corresponding to more than 19 million of
passengers, more than 6 million passengers traveled through the city of Bogotá.
According to the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism (MINCIT, 2022), of the
passengers, more than 2 million corresponded to tourism visitors to the country, inclu-
ding foreigners, Colombians residing abroad and arrivals by international cruise ships, a
value that It corresponds to more than 65% of the total international income to the coun-
try and indicates the strong weight of tourism in the nation’s economy and the importance
it has for the development of the territory.
The District Institute of Tourism of Bogotá (IDT, 2022), indicates that the flow of tourists
in the city was more than 6 million people, of which more than 5 and a half million co-
rresponded to national travelers and more than 700 thousand to international travelers,
identifying that 87.6% of the tourists corresponded to national travelers and 12.4% in-
ternational travelers; These values correspond to 28% of the total number of travelers at
the national level and 24% of the total number of travelers at the international level, once
again indicating the importance of tourism in the city’s economy and the development
that should be given to historical and cultural spaces to meet the growing demand for
areas and spaces of this type.
Figure 24. Tourism Bogotá. IDT (2022).
29
According to the Observatory of the Bogotá Chamber of Commerce (2021), the city of
Bogotá is the main tourist destination in Colombia, with more than 7% of the total trips
made by tourism in the country.
Figure 25. Main tourst destination in Colombia. Bogotá Chamber of Commerce (2021).
This information is complemented by the Observatory of the Bogotá Chamber of Com-

merce, which indicates that Bogotá is positioned as the fifth city in Latin America in or-
ganization of events, this shows the importance of the city at a continental level and the
tourist attraction that it can have for foreign travelers who want to learn about the history
and culture of the country and the city itself.
Identifying the possible use of the Sabana Railway Station for a valorization interven-
tion, is important to consider the cultural spaces currently available in the city, as the
museums, according to the District Institute of Cultural Heritage (IDPC, 2020) for the
year 2019, before the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, more than 4 million visi-tors
to the city’s museums, both public and private, registering an annual average of nearly
79 thousand visitors per museum.
Figure 26. Quantity of torist in Bogotá ‘s museums. IDPC (2020).
30
3.4.3 SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYSIS

Information and communication technologies (ICT) are the result of putting computers
and telecommunications in interaction. According to a report from the Ministry of Infor-
mation and Communication Technologies (TIC), Internet subscribers in Bogotá increa-
sed by 6.5% in the second quarter of 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, which
represented 130,641 new users. Bogotá has had an increase in the coverage of services
related to information and communication technologies, the results of the 2017 Multipur-
pose Survey, the Internet connection, the martyrs have a coverage of 64.4% in the homes
of the locality and grew 16.1% with respect to the measurement of 2014, on the other
hand, fixed telephony in Los Mártires presents a coverage of 53.9%.
In the opinion of AmCham Colombia, in 2020, in order to recover tourism in Colombia,

they launched the ‘Active Tourism’ platform through a digital system that allows compa-
nies in the sector to network, train in digital tools to be able to reactivate businesses, and
also encourages the use of tools of digital marketing to undertake and strengthen, above
all, companies in the tourism sector to implement and accelerate digital campaigns on
their websites. Because when digital processes are adapted, they generate greater produc-
tivity, which causes a domino effect throughout the economy by generating benefits for
consumers and businesses.
For the year 2020, regarding the digital situation in Colombia, according to the Digital
2021 Global Overview Report (DGOR, 2021) 34.73 million Internet users and 39 million
us-ers on social networks were identified, meaning that active Internet users in the coun-
try represent 68% of the total population. Of that 68%, 76.4% are active on various social
networks, including: Facebook, Tik Tok, Instagram, YouTube.
Figure 27. Social Media Colombia. DGOR (2021).
31
Although the population in Colombia grew by 0.9% compared to the previous year,
mobile phone connections also increased by 1.9%. The percentage of Internet users in-
creased by 4.0%, over a year and the number of users connected to social networks had
a significant increase of 11.4%.
Similarly, it is indicated that users, between 16 and 64 years of age, spend an average of
5 hours and 2 minutes a day accessing the Internet from mobile devices. Identifying the
most used social networks, YouTube is the most used platform (95.7%) by Colombians
active in social networks between 16 and 64 years of age, followed by Facebook (93.6%),
WhatsApp (90.7%), Instagram (82.0%) and Twitter (59.2%).
Analyzing the main social networks such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter, the fo-
llowing information is obtained:
Figure 28. Main Social Media Colombia. DGOR (2021).
According to the DGOR (2021), the Facebook social network has an advertising reach
of 36 million people, which represents 87.0% of the active population in social networks
over 13 years of age. For its part, the Instagram social network has a poten-tial reach of 16
million people, which represents 38.7% of the active population in so-cial networks over
13 years of age, with a significant increase of 6.7% quarterly. It is important to clarify that
although Instagram is a very popular social network, less than half of Colombians use it.
Finally, on Twitter, advertisements potentially reach 3.35 mil-lion people, corresponding
to 8.1% of users over 13 years of age, although there is a 2.9% decrease in its users in the
quarterly change.
32
From the previous one, it is possible to identify the behavior of different histori-cal and
cultural spaces of the city in its social networks to determine the scope and im-pact that
these have in the social media of the possible users, visitors and tourists of the city. both
national and international:
Table 1. Social Media Analysis Bogotá cultural places. Own elaboration
With this it can be identified that the current use given to the Sabana Station, throu-
gh the tourist train of the savannah “Turistren”, is not very popular and known in the
social media compared to other museums and tourist attractions in the region, but
nevertheless it can grow with the proper boost in social networks seeing that there is
a large market and interest in the digital community for this type of cultural activities.
33
3.5 LEGAL FRAME
3.5.1 TERRITORIAL SUBJECTS

Initially, the main stakeholders were defined as the community and users of the sectors
surrounding the station, who circulate daily around the building and who would be the
most benefited from the valuation of the property by attracting tourists, which conse-
quently would increase trade and services. of an area that finds its greatest source of eco-
nomic development in commerce and the provision of services, in the same way to en-
courage the development of new tourist activities that involve the community with the
property and that is a source of development for the community.
In the second instance, at the local level, there is the locality of Los Mártires, represented
by the Local Mayor’s Office of Los Mártires, with its office of secretary of culture, recrea-
tion and sports, from a more governmental perspective, monitoring and regulating de-
velopment at the local level and exploitation of the tourist attraction for the benefit of the
local community.
In the third instance is the city of Bogotá, represented by the Mayor’s Office of Bogotá, of
which 4 entities are mainly interested:
• The District Institute of Cultural Heritage, as the Sabana Station is a national cul-
tural heritage asset, which must be protected and managed by the government initially at
the local level by the institute on behalf of the city mayor and who would be in charge to
watch over the preservation and conservation of the asset of cultural interest as cultural
heritage of the city and the nation. This entity is also in charge of the Special Management
and Protection Plan for the Historic Center of Bogotá at the local level, which, as mentio-
ned above, is linked to the Sabana Station.
• The District Secretary of Planning, in charge of the development of the territory at
the city level, and who oversees the partial urban renewal plan “La Sabana”, which seeks
the improvement and valorization of the sectors surrounding the station, and who would
be observing and controlling how the station enhancement project could contribute to
the urban and economic growth of the city and its community.
• The District Institute of Tourism, in charge of monitoring, supervising and pro-
moting the development of tourism in the city, together with all the entities and services
that benefit from the flow of tourists and visitors in the city, and who would oversee re-
gulating the interests of both visitors and the district government for the benefit of the
community.
• The secretary of culture, recreation and sports, in charge of promoting the de-
velopment of cultural activities in the city, and who would oversee communicating and
publicizing the tourist and cultural attraction developed in the Sabana Station according
to the strategy of proposed valuation
34
3.5 LEGAL FRAME
Finally, at the national level and on behalf of the government of the Republic of Colombia,
there are:
• Ministry of Culture, which oversees protecting all assets of cultural interest and
heritage of the nation, of which the Sabana Station is part of being declared a national
monument by decree 2390 of September 26, 1984. In fact, the ministry formulates and
supervises the special plan for the management and protection of the Historic Center of
Bogotá at the national level and has great interest in the partial urban renewal plan “La
Sabana” as it is linked to the Sabana Station and two other assets of cultural interest in the
sector, and that finally is found in the formulation of a special management and protec-
tion plan for the Sabana Station, which complements that of the historic center.
• Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism, which oversees regulating, mo-
nitoring and supervising all activities related to tourism at the national level, and which
oversees ruling and directing the actions in the use of tourist attractions, ensuring and
protecting the interests of both government and citizens, as well as visitors, tourists and
users of tourist, cultural and historical spaces.
3.5.2 TAX POLICY

Taxation in the city of Bogotá, as well as its 20 localities, including the locality of Los Már-
tires, is carried out by the District Secretary of Finance, whose mission is to contribute to
the sustainable development of Bogotá by collecting the different taxes that citizens must
pay and their respective distribution for the implementation of high-impact policies and
projects.
For the District Secretary of Finance (2022), among the main taxes are:
• Property tax, tax on the natural or legal person who legally proves that a property
belongs to him, the possessor of the property and acts as its owner, the usufructuary of the
property and its legitimate exploitation, the respective trustors and/or beneficiaries when
it comes to of linked properties and/or constituents of an autonomous patrimony, and the
holders, by way of concession, of public real estate.
• Industry and Commerce Tax, is generated by the exercise or direct or indirect
performance of any industrial, commercial or service activity in the jurisdiction of the
Capital District of Bogotá, whether they are carried out permanently or occasionally, in a
specific property, with establishment of trade or without them.
• Vehicle tax, tax on the natural or legal person that legally proves the possession
of private vehicles (all cars, campers, vans, station wagons, cargo and passenger vehicles),
motorcycles over 125 cm3 and public vehicles
• Urban Delineation Tax, must be paid when works or constructions are carried out
with a construction license or recognition.
35
3.5 LEGAL FRAME
For the Assest of Cultural Interest some exemptions and benefits have been considered
in matter of property taxation, in the Agreement 105 of 2003 of the city of Bogotá, mo-
dified by the Agreement 426 of 2009, for the buildings with monumental conservation,
a property tax exemption between 10% and 100% has been declared, according to the
use of the property, in the case of the Sabana Station, having a public endowment use,
the exception corresponds to 100%.
Figure 29. Tax exception. Agreement 426 of 2009.
In respect to the Industry and Commerce Tax, in the Tax Statute of Bogotá, ruled by the
Decree 352 of 2002, is declared a tax exemption for all the cultural activities and all kind
of activities with the aim of provide public education to the community. Finally, regarding
to the sales connected to cultural activities, in the National Tax Statute, regulated by the
Decree 624 of 1989, amended by Decree 19 of 2012, in matter of sales tax, all kind of ticket
sold for cultural purposes are exempted of tax obligations, with the purpose of promote
the cultural, historical and recreative spaces and activities for the population.
In agreement to the District Secretary of Finance (2022), the city registered tax revenues
close to 9.95 billion COP (2.38 thousand million EUR), which represented a collection of
(100.4%) and increased tax revenues by 8.8% compared to 2020. The Predial tax, achieved
a collection of 3.6 billion COP (859 million EUR), slightly above that obtained last year,
while the vehicle tax increased 11%, collecting 950.600 million COP (227 million EUR)
and exceeding the annual goal with 111% compliance. In addition, due to Industry and
Commerce Tax, a historical collection of more than 4.2 billion COP (1 thousand million
EUR), a fulfillment of the annual goal of 105%. Similarly, a tax such as Urban Delinea-
tion, which reflects the dynamics of construction activity in the city, important for the
economy and job creation, increased collection by 36% and reaches 105,500 million COP
(25 million EUR).
36
3.5 LEGAL FRAME
3.5.3 CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION

Since the National Political Constitution of 1991, articles related to the protection of the
cultural wealth of the country were ruled, as well as to protect the cultural heritage of the
nation, indicating that this is under the responsibility of the state and likewise it must
dictate the norms necessary for the control, preservation and defense of the cultural he-
ritage of the country. In the same way, laws have been established for the determination,
protection, security and conservation of cultural heritage, being Law 163 of 1959 the law
“by which measures are dictated on the defense and conservation of the historical, artistic
heritage and public monuments of the nation”, later Law 397 of 1997 as the general law of
Culture that dictates the norms on Colombian cultural heritage and the Ministry of Cul-
ture is created, modified by Law 1185 of 2008, where the cultural heritage of the nation is
additionally integrated, the National Council of Cultural Heritage is defined, who is the
body in charge of advising the Ministry of Culture in matters related to the safeguarding,
protection and management of the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the Nation;
and the composition of the Departmental and District Councils of Cultural heritage, in
which the District Institute of Cultural Heritage for the regulation of cultural heritage in
Bogotá is part to. Also mention decree 1080 of 2015, through which the Single Regulatory
Decree of the Culture Sector is issued, to compile and rationalize the regulations of the
sector, currently modified and added by decree 2358 of 2019, in relation to the Material
and Immaterial Cultural Heritage.
In the city of Bogotá, according to the District Planning Secretary, the built heritage of
the Capital District is made up of Assets of Cultural Interest such as sectors, buildings,
elements of public space, historic roads and archaeological assets, which have a historical
interest, artistic, architectural or urban. This, at the same time, is made up of the Sectors of
Cultural Interest, the Sectors with individual development, and Sectors with Housing in
Series, Groups or Sets; respecting Assets of Cultural Interest, these are made up of Proper-
ties located in consolidated areas, Properties located in non-consolidated areas, comme-
morative monuments and artistic objects, and Historical Paths and archaeological assets.
Likewise, agreeing to the District Institute of Cultural Heritage, the main tool for mana-
gement are the inventories of Cultural heritage, established by the District Decree 606 of
July 26, 2001, which “allow recognition, disclosure, protection and safeguarding of assets,
practices and cultural manifestations. They make it possible to understand the ways in
which communities, actors and social groups value, appropriate and use their cultural
heritage. In the case of intangible cultural heritage, particularly, the inventories are con-
ceived as participatory and collaborative processes, which in other words means that they
are built through collective dialogue, consensus and agreements of the communities and
the actors linked to heritage management.”
37
3.5 LEGAL FRAME
The inventory of assets declared Assets of Cultural Interest of a material nature (property
or furniture) is made up of the set of assets that through an express act of declaration be-
come part of the cultural heritage.
Thus, from the Mayor’s Office of Bogotá, in relation to district regulations, different de-
crees have been issued related to the regulation and protection of Immovable Assets of
Cultural Interest, since Decree 190 of 2004 referring to the Territorial Ordering Plan of
Bogotá, D.C., Decree 070 of 2015 “By which the District Cultural Heritage System is esta-
blished, powers are reassigned and other provisions are issued”, and Decree 560 of 2018,
By which the urban regulations applicable to the Assets of Cultural Interest of the district
scope and other provisions are dictated.
As mentioned above, the Sabana Railway Station was declared a national monument by
te Decree 2390 of September 26, 1984, being considered an Asset of Cultural Interest at
national level in the subcategory of Material Cultural Heritage, architectonic group. These
Assets of Cultural Interest have been declared as such by different administrative acts and
are found in the list of National Monuments of the Ministry of Culture. The nterventions
in the Assets of Cultural Interest of the National level, and the public space located in
their areas of influence, are the responsibility of the National Government, headed by the
Ministry of Culture who give them the category of monumental conservation and apply
the respective consideration according to the Law 397 of 1997, modified by Law 1185 of
2008, in which the article No. 7 define the intervention “any act that causes changes to the
asset of cultural interest or that affects its status. It includes, by way of example, acts of
conservation, restoration, recovery, removal, demolition, dismemberment, displacement
or subdivision, and must be carried out in accordance with the Special Management and
Protection Plan, if required.”
The intervention of an asset of cultural interest at the national level must have the autho-
rization of the Ministry of Culture. The intervention may only be carried out under the
supervision of professionals in the field duly registered or accredited before the respec-
tive authority. Whoever intends to carry out a work on real estate located in the area of
influence or that is adjacent to the asset of cultural interest, must previously notify the
authority. In accordance with the nature of the works and the impact that it may have on
the asset of cultural interest, the corresponding authority will approve its execution or, if
applicable, may request that they be adjusted to the Special Management and Protection
Plan that would have been approved for the asset, with in the case of the Sabana Railway
Station, as mentioned before, is until now in the formulation phase.
38
3.6 PESTEL METHOD
The PESTEL analysis is a strategic framework used to identify and evaluate the external
macro-environmental factors of an organization, a business or a project by breaking down
the opportunities and threats into Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environ-
mental and Legal factors. It can be used for identifying the pros and cons issues of a busi-
ness or project strategy. If the analysis strategy is more complex, it is used more to order
wide and fast general surveys, before deepening crucial issues on the field.
The PESTEL analysis for the project must take into consideration the previous data analy-
sis to evaluate the external factors that could affect the project,
Table 2. PESTEL Method. Own elaboration.
From the table, it is possible to conclude that the factors that represent more opportunities
for the valuation of the Sabana Railway Station correspond to the Political and Technolo-
gical, factors that should be exploited to generate a positive effect in the Station and in the
sector, while those that represent the most threats are the Social and the Environmental,
factors which should be considered a possible solution to overcome them and that do not
have negative effects in the future.
Finally, the factors that have the greatest impact on the Sabana Station are the Economic
and the Technological, and to which more attention should be paid in the development of
the program and business plan.
39
3.7 SWOT ANALYSIS
Using internal and external data, the technique can guide the project toward strategies
more likely to be successful, and away from those to be less successful. It can help to
analyze what is better structured in the project now, and to devise a successful strategy
for the future, can also uncover areas of the project that could hold it back and also help
to challenge risky assumptions and to uncover dangerous blind spots about project’s per-
formance.
Table 3. SWOT. Analysys. Own elaboration.
40
4 AIMS
41
4.1 DEFINITION
4.1.1 GENERAL
Propose a methodology for the valorisation of the cultural heritage corresponding to the
Sabana Railway Station based on design, communication and preservation.
4.1.2 SPECIFICS
• Implement procedures for the dissemination and interaction of Cultural Heritage
through information and communication technologies (Communication)
• Create strategies that encourage appropriation by the community and citizens

towards the station, which will increase its attractiveness and guarantee its permanence
on the site through sharing and recreational space (Preservation).
• Identify which uses can be given to the station to encourage its central location as
a transport node improving the areas available generating connection between the com-
munity, the environment and the culture Identity which uses can be given to the station
to encourage its central location as a transport node to improve the areas available gene-
rating connection between the community, the environment and the culture
42
5 FRAME OF INTERVENTION
43
5.1 DESCRIPTION
The savannah station is currently the main headquarters of the National Police Tran-
sit and Transportation Directorate, which also has some spaces available for any type of
low-impact activity that are for rent, it should be noted that it is closed due to the pande-
mic COVID-19. in addition to the fact that the main headquarters of the National Police
Transit and Transportation Directorate is located there, old cars that were part of the
National Police several decades ago are available in the lobby.
The intervention of an asset of cultural interest at the national level must have the autho-
rization of the Ministry of Culture. The intervention may only be carried out under the
supervision of professionals in the field duly registered or accredited before the respec-
tive authority. Whoever intends to carry out a work on real estate located in the area of
influence or that is adjacent to the asset of cultural interest, must previously notify the
authority.
Figure 30. Sabana Railway Station state. https://directorioicc.gov.co/comision-filmica/estacion-de-la-sabana
44
5.1 DESCRIPTION
5.1.1 ADMINSTRATIVE GENERALITIES

Declaration Level: National Monument
Public entity in charge: Social Liabilities National Railways - Ministry of Culture
Current Protection Regulations: Law 397 of 1997 - General Law of Culture
Land use: commercial and residential consolidated
Genre: Railway Architecture, Neoclassical Architecture
Value: Aesthetic Value, Technical Value, Testimonial Value
Owner: INVIAS
5.1.2 FARES
Entering the station does not have any value or fee, bit It should be notable that the use for
the Sabana Tourist Train, the rates for the average population of Bogotá are expensive, sin-
ce they correspond to three days of work wage for a person who earns the minimum wage.
Table 4. Fares. Own elaboration.
5.1.3 USERS OPINIONS

Google review Estación de la sabana, Bogotá, Colombia. Leonardo Esteban Mora Quin-
tero, 2022: Not only is La Sabana Station a simple locomotive museum, it is a trip to the
past in which we learn about how our country moved in the 19th and 20th centuries. It
would be good if Turistren did to support the remodelling of the station with some help if
possible from the National Government and the Mayor’s Office of Bogotá so that it looks
much better and is seen as a well-preserved heritage of the capital. Translated of: “No solo
la Estación de La Sabana es un simple museo de locomotoras, es un viaje al pasado en el
cual aprendemos sobre como se movía nuestro país en los Siglos XIX y XX. Seria bueno
que Turistren hiciera por apoyar a remodelar la estación con algo de ayuda si se puede del
Gobierno Nacional y la Alcaldía de Bogotá para que así se vea mucho mejor y se vea como
un patrimonio bien conservado de la capital.”
45
5.1 DESCRIPTION
Google review Estación de la sabana, Bogotá, Colombia. Bibiana Cadavid Diaz, 2022: The
yard where the trains arrive is very unpleasant to look at. The cement floor, with cracks,
deteriorated wagons and locomotives, pushed together and in poor condition, tin walls.
It’s sad that a foreigner comes to see this. And as a Colombian, I am sad to know that this
place is in such disrepair. It looks like a wagon graveyard. Translated: “El patio donde
llegan los trenes es muy desagradable a la vista. El piso en cemento, con grietas, vagones
y locomotoras deterioradas, arrimadas y en mal estado, paredes en lata. Da pena que un
extranjero venga a ver esto. Y como Colombiana, me da pena saber que este lugar está en
tal deterioro. Parece un cementerio de vagones.”
It is a good intention, it is a service that is worth improving, but it is really very expensive
for what you see, most of it goes through places where there is nothing, areas with nothing
interesting. It is a once-in-a-lifetime trip and not to repeat it.” Translated of: “Es una buena
intención, es un servicio que vale la pena mejorar, pero realmente es muy costoso para lo
que se ve, la mayor parte pasa por lugares que no hay nada, zonas sin nada interesante. Es
un viaje de una vez en la vida y no repetirlo.”
Twitter Review: good story, the sad thing about the abandoned Shroud station, absent
passenger rail transport. Translated: “buena historia, lo triste la estación de la Sábana
abandonada, transporte férreo de pasajeros ausente”
@MinTransporteCo
@ANI_Colombia
@orozco_angela
46
5.2 CONDITIONS
5.2.1 VALUES
• ARCHITECTURAL. The Sabana railway station was considered the center of the
national railway system, therefore it was considered the most representative site of the
commercial development of being one of the representative buildings of neoclassical ar-
chitecture, since it brings together a series of characteristic elements from the eighteenth
century to the nineteenth century. “The neoclassical was characterized by the introduc-
tion and use of the Greek and Roman orders (Doric, Ionic and Corinthian), the simplicity
and geometric clarity in its composition, symmetry, elegance and sobriety.” 28. Characte-
ristics that enhance the formal aesthetic character of the station.
• HISTORICAL. The station was located on 13th Street, considered “gate of the city”
for being the main road of the city at that time, the construction was due to the need to
communicate Bogotá with the other cities for and the exit of passengers and merchandise.
from all over the country and from Europe, by river The station favored a great commer-
cial development in the surroundings of Jiménez Avenue, which is still maintained today,
giving rise to the construction of large product stores, hotels, restaurants and cafeterias.
The station facilitated an important commercial development in the vicinity of Jiménez
Avenue, which continues to this day, giving rise to large merchandise stores,
• FUNCTIONAL. “Since 1848, the central government weighed the possibility of

building a railway that would connect Bogotá with the Magdalena River. In 1882 the so-
vereign state of Cundinamarca contracted work with the firm Brown & Rodgere, which
began work from Facatativá, heading for Bogotá. On July 20, the 40 km of railway, with
a gauge of one meter, which joined the two aforementioned cities, were pompously inau-
gurated. Continuing north, in 1894, the rails reached the Caro, (common bridge) in 1896
to Cajicá, and on April 15 of the same year, with due celebrations and public rejoicing, to
Zipaquirá9”.
5.2.2 CONDITION ASSESSEMENT

On 2008 there was an intervention consisting on the repair of the cantilever-type roof, by
reinforcing the structure that was corroded by the wear it caused when it came into con-
tact with water. Structurally, the main building is in good condition, since a final remo-
delling was carried out for the year 2011 in which its condition was previously verified, to
define the interventions, maintenance was carried out on the carpentry, kitchen, interior
columns and mezzanines that make up the main space, but no type of intervention was
carried out in the external area of the building and, as can be seen in the images, there are
abandoned trains, adjoining buildings in poor condition, structural state which is track
of the train, sidewalks with cracks, so with some pictures can be inferred that the adjust-
47
5.3 FLOOR PLANS
Is important to mention that currently the station is closed, also as is primary function
also the main building is functioning as a Directorate of Traffic and Transportation Natio-
nal Police, archive of the Superintendency of ports and transport and a small area dedica-
ted for the purchase of tickets of the train.
Figure 31. Sabana Railway Station lateral views. https://videointervencion.wordpress.com/2009/12/20/blue-prints-of-estacion-de-la-sabana/
Figure 32. Sabana Railway Station cut-off view. https://videointervencion.wordpress.com/2009/12/20/blue-prints-of-estacion-de-la-sabana/
48
5.3 FLOOR PLANS
Figure 33. Sabana Railway Station floors views. https://videointervencion.wordpress.com/2009/12/20/blue-prints-of-estacion-de-la-sabana/
49
5.4 FRAME OF THE INTERVENTION
5.4.1 OWNERSHIP:
Since its construction, the Sabana Railway Station was owned by the National Railways of
Colombia until its liquidation in 1991, when it became managed by the Colombian rai-
lway company FERROVIAS, in charge of maintaining and managing all the country’s rai-
lways. However, this company was liquidated in 2003 according to Decree 1791 of 2003,
in this way, the entire railway network of the nation became part of the National Institute
of Roads INVIAS, in the Sub directorate of Tertiary and Railway Roads, which is the
current owner of the infrastructure of the national railway network, among which are
the real estate that makes up the railway corridor and its adjoining or security areas, and
which includes the Sabana Railway Station in its inventory.
5.4.2 PROTECTED BUILDINGS:

As mentioned above, the Sabana Railway Station was declared a national monument by
the Decree 2390 of September 26, 1984, being considered an Asset of Cultural Interest at
national level in the subcategory of Material Cultural Heritage, architectonic group. The
Interventions in the Assets of Cultural Interest of the National level, and the public space
located in their areas of influence, are the responsibility of the National Government, hea-
ded by the Ministry of Culture who give them the category of monumental conservation
and apply the respective consideration according to the Law 397 of 1997, modified by Law
1185 of 2008
5.4.3 PLANNING RESTRICTIONS:

From the Mayor’s Office of Bogotá, the District Planning Secretary have work in different
decrees related to the regulation and protection of Immovable Assets of Cultural Interest
and it disposition in the land use plan of Bogota, being the Decree 560 of 2018, the decree
by which the urban regulations applicable to the Assets of Cultural Interest of the district
scope and other provisions are dictated. This decree, regarding the Assets of Cultural In-
terest with monumental conservation, refers to the National Decree 1018 of 2015, which
said the intervention of an asset of cultural interest at the national level must have the
authorization of the Ministry of Culture, and indicates that for the type of Monumental
conservation, it must be done in accordance with what is authorized by the Special Ma-
nagement and Protection Plan of the property, if available, and in the same way it must
comply with:
50
5.4 FRAME OF THE INTERVENTION-
1. Preserve the cultural values of the property.

2. The minimum intervention understood as the actions strictly necessary for the con-
servation of the property, in order to guarantee its stability and clean it up from the
sources of deterioration.
3. Take the necessary measures that modern techniques provide to guarantee the con-
servation and stability of the property.
4. Allow the reversibility of the intervention if it is considered necessary in the future.
5. Respect the historical evolution of the property and refrain from suppressing aggrega-
tes without a critical assessment of them.
6. Replace or replace only the elements that are essential for the structure. The new ele-
ments must be dated and distinguished from the originals.
7. Document all actions and interventions carried out.
8. New interventions must be legible.
In the case of the Sabana Railway Station, as mentioned before, the Special Management
and Protection Plan is until now in the formulation phase, meaning a large range of per-
mitted intervention works.
51
5.5 STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS
Starting from the fact that the building was built at the beginning of the 20th century,
more specifically in 1917, it becomes evident that according to modern styles of construc-
tion and design, the Sabana station presents some normative deficiencies regarding the
standards and requirements for the safe, efficient and sustainable use of the property for
its use by the community, although as indicated in the state of the building, in which it
was mentioned that structural, architectural and aesthetic maintenance has been carried
out to the station, its evaluation, adoption and improvement are required according to
different aspects for the correct inclusion of the entire community.
These aspects correspond to accessibility for all, where it was appreciated that access
ramps, signage of spaces for people with disabilities, emergency stairs, railings and grip-
ping surfaces or emergency doors must be adapted and included; seismic resistance, as it
was built prior to the current anti-seismic studies; load capacity for reasons similar to the
previous ones, fire protection which is not currently available; energy efficiency so that
it is sustainable and ecologically sustainable; safety of the electrical systems to avoid any
type of failure or accident that could affect the operation of the building or put the safety
of visitors at risk; the emergency exits, with their respective means of evacuation; and
comfort within the structure, including lighting and ventilation to ensure the safety and
health of tourists and visitors.
• Accessibility for all:
1. Colombian technical standard NTC 4140 of 2012. Accessibility of people to the phy-
sical environment. Buildings and Urban and Rural Spaces. Corridors, corridors. Ge-
neral characteristics. This standard establishes the minimum dimensions and the
functional and constructive characteristics that corridors and corridors must meet in
urban and rural buildings and spaces so that they are accessible to all types of people
with disabilities.
2. NTC 4141 of 1997. Accessibility of people to the physical environment. Symbols of
deafness and hearing loss or communication difficulty. This standard establishes the
image that contains the symbol used to inform about the presence of people with hea-
ring loss, deafness or communication difficulties and to indicate what is appropriate
to be used directly by them or where they are provided with a specific service.
3. NTC 4142 of 1997. Accessibility of people to the physical environment. Blindness and
low vision symbols. This standard establishes the image that contains the symbol used
to inform about the presence of people with blindness or low vision, to indicate what
is directly usable by them or where a specific service is provided.
52
4. NTC 4143 of 2009. Accessibility of people to the physical environment. Buildings and
Urban Spaces. Adequate and basic fixed ramps. This standard establishes the mini-
mum dimensions and general characteristics that ramps must meet for adequate and
basic accessibility levels, which are built in buildings and urban spaces to facilitate ac-
cess for people. The requirements and parameters indicated in this standard consider
an adequate level of accessibility. For the cases of adaptation of existing buildings or
private individual housing or interventions in historic centers, settlements, recons-
truction stages in areas affected by disasters and only when there is no possibility of
adopting the provisions of the standard for technical reasons or physical limitations,
other requirements corresponding to the basic accessibility level, which without com-
promising security, sacrifices comfort to achieve accessibility.
5. NTC 4144 of 2005. Accessibility of people to the physical environment. Buildings
and Urban and Rural Spaces. Signaling. This standard specifies the characteristics that
signs located in buildings and in urban and rural spaces must have, used to indicate
the condition of accessibility to all people, as well as to indicate those places where
information, assistance, orientation and communication are provided.
Urban and Rural Spaces. Ladders. This standard establishes the minimum dimensions
and the general characteristics that the main stairs must meet in buildings and urban
and rural spaces, warning that they are not an ideal element for achieving full accessi-
bility. It is therefore necessary that an adequate means coexist for this purpose.
Urban Spaces. Equipments. Curbs, handrails, railings and handles. This Standard es-
tablishes the minimum requirements and general characteristics that must be met
by curbs, handrails, railings and handles to be used in certain elements and environ-
ments in order to facilitate safe use.
8. NTC 4960 of 2001. Accessibility of people to the physical environment. Buildings.
Accessible Doors. This standard establishes the minimum dimensions and general
requirements that must be met by accessible doors in buildings.
• Seismic resistance:
1. Colombian Earthquake Resistant Construction Regulations (NSR-10). Title A-Gene-

ral requirements for earthquake-resistant design and construction. The standard esta-
blishes the minimum requirements for the design and construction of new buildings,
so that they can withstand the forces imposed by nature or their use and to increase
their resistance to the effects produced by seismic movements. It also establishes the
criteria and procedures that must be followed to evaluate seismic vulnerability and
add, modify or remodel the structural system of existing buildings designed and built
prior to the validity of this version of the Colombian Regulation of Earthquake Resis-
tant Constructions.
53
The requirements given in this title must be used to carry out the evaluation of
the seismic behavior and the design of the intervention, repair or reinforcement of the
structure of existing buildings before the validity of the present version of the Colombian
Regulation of Earthquake Resistant Constructions that are modified or rehabilitated in
the national territory.
• Loadbearing capacity:
1. Colombian Earthquake Resistant Construction Regulations (NSR-10). Title B-Loads.

This Title of this Regulation gives the minimum requirements that buildings must
meet with respect to loads that must be used in their design, other than the forces or
effects imposed by the earthquake. For an earthquake-resistant structure to adequate-
ly fulfill its objective, it must be capable of resisting, in addition to the seismic effects,
the effects of the loads prescribed in this Title. The design of the elements that make
up the building structure must be done for the critical load combination.
• Fire protection:
1. Colombian Earthquake Resistant Construction Regulations (NSR-10). Title J- Buil-

ding Fire Protection Requirements. The purpose of this regulation title is to establish
the minimum requirements necessary to reduce the risk of loss of human life caused
by the effects of fire, including smoke, heat and toxic gases created during a fire or in
emergencies that require the protection and/or safe evacuation of the building.
• Energy Efficiency:
1. Law 143 of 1994, electrical law. By which the regime for the generation, interconnec-
tion, transmission, distribution and commercialization of electricity in the national
territory is established, some authorizations are granted, and other provisions are is-
sued in energy matters.
2. Resolution 097 of 2000. By which guidelines are established for the design, standardi-
zation and efficient use of electrical equipment and appliances.
3. NTC-ISO 50001, energy management in companies. The purpose of this Internatio-
nal Standard is to make it easier for organizations to establish the systems and proces-
ses necessary to improve their energy performance, including energy efficiency and
energy use and consumption. The implementation of this International Standard is
intended to lead to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and other related envi-
ronmental impacts, as well as energy costs through systematic energy management.
This International Standard is applicable to organizations of all types and sizes, re-
gardless of their geographical, cultural or social conditions. Its successful implemen-
tation depends on the commitment of all levels and functions of the organization.
54
• Safety of electric systems:
1. Technical Regulation of Electrical Installations RETIE. Indicates the requirements

and specifications that guarantee the safety of electrical installations based on their
proper functioning; the reliability, quality and proper use of products and equipment,
that is, it sets the minimum safety parameters for electrical installations. Likewise,
it is a technical-legal instrument for Colombia, which without creating unnecessary
obstacles to trade or the exercise of free enterprise, makes it possible to guarantee
that the installations, equipment and products used in the generation, transmission,
transformation, distribution and use of energy electricity, comply with the following
legitimate objectives: The protection of human life and health, the protection of ani-
mal and plant life, the preservation of the environment, the prevention of practices
that may mislead the user.
2. NTC 2050 of 1998. Colombian electrical code. The purpose of this code is to safe-
guard people and property against the risks that may arise from the use of electricity.
This code contains provisions that are considered necessary for safety. Compliance
with them and proper maintenance will lead to an installation that is practically risk-
free, but not necessarily efficient, convenient or adequate for good service or for future
expansions in the use of electricity.
3. NTC 6228 of 2019. Refrigeration systems and heat pumps. Safety and environmental
requirements. This Standard specifies the requirements for the safety of people and
goods, provides a guide for the protection of the environment, and establishes the
procedures for the operation, maintenance, and repair of refrigeration systems and
the recovery of refrigerants. Specifies the classification and selection criteria applica-
ble to refrigeration systems and heat pumps.
• Safety exits:
1. NTC 1700 of 1982. Hygiene and safety. Security measures in buildings. Means of
evacuation. This standard establishes the minimum requirements that the means of
egress must meet to facilitate the evacuation of the occupants of a building, in case of
fire or another emergency.
2. GTC-ISO 22320 of 2020. Security and resilience. Emergency management. Guide-
lines for incident management. International Standard for Emergency Management
and Incident Response Systems that allows public and private organizations to deve-
lop and improve their response capabilities in the face of all types of emergencies and
of any size.
55
• Comfort:
1. Resolution 181331 of 2009 RETILAP. By which the Technical Regulation of Lighting

and Public Lighting, Retilap, is issued and other provisions are issued.
2. NTC 5183 of 2003. Ventilation for acceptable air quality in interior spaces. The pur-
pose of this standard is to specify the maximum rates of ventilation and indoor air
quality acceptable to human occupants, while attempting to minimize the possibility
of adverse health effects.
56
5.6 TARGET
5.6.1 IDENTIFIED NEEDS:

• Encourage appropriation toward the Sabana Railway Station.
• Well-used of the areas available in the Sabana Railway Station
• Communication plans for the dissemination and promotion of the Sabana
Railway.
5.6.2 TARGETS:
• Choosing functions and checking compatibility with the Sabana Station.
• Drafting a business plan, which must include the management system.
• Drafting a communication plan.
5.7.1 ARCHITECTURAL:
The deterioration of the building is mainly reflected in the facade due to humidity and
dirt due to lack of maintenance, it is a local deterioration, material detachment is seen in
some areas, and it is subject to vandalism, some glass is broken and lost in some parts of
the closing grid of the window, and finally, The train arrival area is suitable for pedestrian
platforms with defective covers and cracks. It should be noted that, as explained so far, the
main point of intervention is the outer shell (where the train arrives), and the following is
mainly the deterioration of the surface.
5.7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL:
The area where the rails are found is a train cemetery, quite deteriorated, there are also
areas with rubble and elements previously used for building repairs. Waste from the cons-
truction sector affects the flora and fauna where it is deposited, alters natural drainage sys-
tems and pollutes the soil and water. In addition to the generation of bad odors, aesthetic
problems, which entails a huge landscape impact. Creation of infectious foci and pests.
5.8 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

Since the building belongs to the government, the state has not given emphasis to ge-
nerating technological analyzes or plans for the building. Therefore, the building does
not have BIM studies, scientific reports, diagnoses of the place (climatic, temperature,
topographic ). The only documents or information available on the building can be found
physically in the file of the District Institute of Cultural Heritage.
57
6 STRATEGIES
58
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS
From the previous chapter and mainly from the aims projected from the SWOT analysis,
the involvement of the population is sought in the formulation of a valorization project
for a greater participation of the community of the sector and of the citizens of Bogotá as
the main stakeholders in the development and execution of a valorization intervention in
the Sabana Railway Station.
For this purpose, a survey is considered the tool to ask to the community what they think
about the Station, the cultural and historical value for the nation, the current use of the
building, the possible target activities and uses that could be conducted in, the diffusion
and communication channels for the buildings use promotion in the community, and the
ITCs suggested for interact with the cultural heritage.
To answer these interrogations, a series of questions are formulated:
1. Do you know the Sabana Railway Station?

• Yes
• No
2. Did you know that the Sabana Railway Station is a National Monument?
• Yes
• No
3. Currently the Sabana Railway Station is the headquarters of the Directorate of Transit
and Transportation of the National Police, do you agree that this building be used for
this activity?
• Yes
• No
4. Did you know that the turistren starts the journey at the Sabana Railway Station?
• Yes
• No
5. If the Sabana Railway Station had other areas assigned for education, culture or re-
creation, would you visit the station?
• Yes
• No
6. Which of the following uses should have the Sabana Railway Station?
• Cultural
• Educational
• Commercial
59
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS
7. Which of the following Types of Advertising Media Channels should be used to pro-
mote the Sabana Railway Station across educational, cultural and recreational spaces
within the city?
• Video Advertising
• Audio Channels
• Newspapers
• Online Advertising
Depending on the answer of the question number 6, the follwing options are proposed:
Educational:
8. Which of the following activities should be conducted to promote a stopover or visit
in the Sabana Railway Station?
• House of Culture
• Civic Center
• Multipurpose Cultural Center
• Art Center
Cultural:
• Interactive museum
• Teather
• Gallery
• Cinema
Commercial:
• Restaurant
• coffee shop
• Retail store
• Grocery store
The survey was conducted online with Google Forms, with the following results:
60
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS
Figure 34. Question 1. Own elaboration.
61
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS
62
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS
63
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS
For the Educational answer of the question number 6:
Figure 41. Question Eductational answer. Own elaboration.
64
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS
For the Cultural answer of the question number 6:
Figure 42. Question Cultural answer. Own elaboration.
For the Commercial answer of the question number 6:
Figure 43. Question Commercial answer. Own elaboration.
65
6.1 STAKEHOLDERS
From the results of the survey, is possible to conclude that representative sample of the
population of Bogotá is interested in have a change in the current use of the Sabana Rai-
lway Station, to a mainly cultural use, which would greatly arouse the interest of people
who would be willing to visit it.
Given that heritage has changed over time, the methods of heritage intervention are most-
ly given from heritage management processes, among which are (reuse, valuation, adapta-
tion, restoration, among others...); that although they are necessary, they cannot be used
as independent from the population, therefore when carrying out the survey as a result,
today the majority of the population did not know the station, nor that it was a public
transport headquarters. Mainly due to modernization, the population prefers to visit the
station if there is an interactive museum, for this reason, means of communication are
currently becoming virtual and this resulted that the station should be promoted and
disseminated through online advertisements and video ads.
66
6.2 PILLAR APPROACH
Accordint to the Since the Cultural Heritage

Counts for europe, 2015, page 99: “CHCfE
project recognises that one of the expres-
sions of culture is the presence of heritage
in our everyday society and that heritage is
a resource which can enhance social capital,
economic growth and environmental sustai-
nability, the holistic four domains approach
was developed as the common scheme for
the four impact domains of heritage.
It is important, however, to take also into ac-

count that heritage is largely influenced by its
dynamic context. Therefore, the four pillar
approach, drawing on the dynamic holistic
impact framework proposed by McLou-
ghlin, Sodogar and Kamiński (2006a), will
eventually evolve into a more comprehensi-
ve model — holistic four domain approach.”
Figure 44. Pillars cultural heritage. Cultural Heritage Counts for europe.
• Economy, Reliant on the performance of built infrastructure, is a key factor for

inward investors, the quality and efficiency being consider for the decisions using a dis-
count cash flow, which is an estimate of the value of an investment becoming a significant
generator of tax revenue for public authorities based on its expected future cash flows
thought cultural tourism.
• Social, Advocate a design that enhances social inclusion by considering a cultural

experience and acknowledging all history of trains creating spatial interactions and expe-
rience, to provide the possibility to participate more actively on the history of the railway
true an cultural interactive museum.
• Cultural, accomplish a suitable design visually interesting to highlight the spirit of

the building and attract various social groups, accomplishing regeneration protection and
revitalisation of cultural heritage strengthens.
• Environmental, Reusing and maintaining the existing building which contributes

reducing urban sprawl making a better choice in the adaptive reuse processes also, imple-
menting brownfield development through solid waste removal on site.
67
6.3 PHASES OF THE PROJECT
6.3.1 PROPOSAL
Recognition of the need. Specify a Project responding to the needs of the place, define the
main problem to create a strategic plan
Pre-proposal assessment. Study on the profile of the public, indicating which projects can
be adapted to the building for re-signification
Feasibility study. Analysis of aspects and implications of the project, where a summary
sketch is drawn up to determine priorities
Feasibility study assessment If the study is feasible, a design guideline is establis-hed, in-
cluding economic issues.
Communication Definition of the strategic marketing plan for the media that will be part
of the project.
Conservation. Define which objects and elements will be part of the exhibition
define which objects and elements will be part of the exhibition
Drafting of the Project. Document with objectives and purposes of the exhibitions, in-clu-
des the necessary definitions for the design of the exhibition
Design.Define the global design of the exhibitions where the aspects to be worked on are
resolved to monitor costs
Final Approval. approval by the state, to correct the draft
Figure 45. Phases of development https://kissflow.com/project/five-phases-of-project-management/
68
7 PROPOSAL
69
first act comes; it ends and then the lights come back on. People go out and have coffee
and chat again with each other. In the play there are two types of moments: the moments
of staging and the moments offstage. Just as there are two moments, there are also two
types of spaces: one, which is where the work is presented, and the other, which becomes
a place for important meetings and similar things; in the latter there is no theater, but that
does not mean that it is not an important space. So what I want you to understand is that
this is what happens in the Museum: just like in the theater, there are also spaces here with
different leading elements. In the Museum, the actors are the pieces of gold and they are
there, ready for people to observe.
So, in the Museum there is a hall

where tickets are paid. Afterwards,
people gather on a stairway which is
somewhat ceremonial, so to speak.
This stairway takes one to a point on
the second floor where there is a very
white and bright triple height hall.
From that point there are two op-
tions to take: enter the introduction
room of the Museum or continue
ascending to reach the main room, Figure 46.1 Distribution of areas. http://tesis.uson.mx/digital/tesis/docs/21783/Capitulo3.pdf
located on the third floor.
Figure 46. Distribution of areas. Own elaboraton.
70
The savannah station is currently the main headquarters of the National Police Tran-
sit and Transportation Directorate, which also has some spaces available for any type of
low-impact activity that are for rent, it should be noted that it is closed due to the pande
Figure 47. Distribution of areas. Own elaboraton.
71
7.2 MAINTENANCE PLAN
Maintenance and repair work must be documented as part of any maintenance program.
Details about every inspections, the research obtained as a result of the inspection, con-
tact information for the person, craftsman, or company who did all the work, and the
costs associated with those activities are all useful.
Protecting and maintaining masonry by preventing water penetration and

by maintaining proper drainage so that water or organic matter does not
MASONRY stand on fl at, horizontal surfaces or accumulate in curved decorative
features. Cleaning masonry using recognized preservation methods and only
when necessary to hal t deterioration or remove heavy soil ing or graffiti.
Protecting and maintaining architectural metal s from corrosion by

ARCHITECTU preventing water penetration and by maintaining proper drainage so that
RAL METALS water or organic matter does not stand on fl at, horizontal surfaces or
accumulate in curved, decorative features.
Protecting and maintaining a roof by cleaning and maintaining the gutters

and downspouts and replacing deteriorated flashing in kind. Roof sheathing
ROOF should al so be checked for proper venting to prevent moisture
condensation and water penetration; and to ensure that material s are free
from insect infestation.
Protecting and maintaining the wood and architectural metal s that

comprise the window frames, sashes, muntins and surrounds through
appropriate surface treatments such as cleaning, rust removal, limited paint
WINDOWS
removal and re– appl ication of protective coating systems in kind. Making
windows weathertight by re–puttying and replacing or installing
weatherstripping.
Identifying the historic pl ace’s heritage val ue and character-defining

el ements (material s, forms, location, spatial configurations, uses and
cultural associations or meanings) so that energy efficiency modifica-tions
will not damage or eliminate them.
Complying with energy efficiency objectives so that character-defining

ENERGY
elements are conserved and the heritage value is maintained.
EFFICIENCY
Working with energy efficiency and conservation special ists to determine

the most appropriate solution to energy conservation problems to
minimize the impact on character-defining el ements and the overal l
heritage val ue.
Table 5. : Maintenance. Gudelines of cultural heritage, TECHNICAL TOOLS FOR HERITAGE, 2012
72
7.3 MARKETING PLAN
Figure 48 Distribution of areas. Own elaboraton.
Product
Meet a demand, the first aspect of developing an existing or new product should be to
identify what your target audiences need, want, and expect now and in the future.
Price
The target audience should think your products are good value for money. Setting prices
and generating income is a balance among both income and appealing.
Place
Make sure your opening days and times are appropriate, and consider whether different
times, such as an evening opening, might attract a new audience.
Promotion
It can include your website, social media marketing, media relations, advertising, leaflets,
posters, banners, email marketing, and other forms of communication. Using communi-
cation channels appropriate for your target audiences.
People
People in your organization, including trustees, volunteers, and staff - from front of hou-
se to operations and back office - are an extremely valuable asset that should be valued.
which can have a positive or negative impact on customer satisfaction
Process
Allow a product to be delivered to a customer, the entire process should be pleasant,
user-friendly, and seamless. There are some things you can do to reduce this risk and
show potential visitors what they can expect.
73
7.4 BUDGET
Costs Appraisal
Once the new use for the building has been defined, corresponding to an interactive mu-
seum, and the preliminary designs for the distribution of spaces and activities within the
structure are available, an evaluation of the costs associated with the remodeling of the
space, purchase of equipment and furniture, and preoperative expenses for the start-up
of the museum.
To determine the cost of remodeling the building, the state of the structure is taken into
account, which, as indicated above, is in good condition due to the latest maintenance
work done at the Sabana Station, for what does not require major construction work,
except for aesthetic and architectural activities, adaptation of some accesses and ramps,
construction of dividing walls, signage, doors and means of evacuation, change of the
lighting and loudspeaker system, installation of a data network, and installation of fire-fi-
ghting network, as follows:
Table 5. : Remodeling costs. Own elaboration.
Regarding the purchase of equipment, are considered elements as computers, screens,

speakers, electric curtains, video projectors, video cameras, and tablets as follows:
74
7.4 BUDGET
Table 6. Purchase of equipment. Own elaboration.
For the purchase of furniture, the costs are calculated by the purchase of elements as
chairs and tables, couches and armchairs, rugs, lockers, desks, shelves, benches and nur-
sing equipment as follows:
Table 7. Purchase of forniture. Own elaboration.
Finally, for the preoperative expenses, are considered the costs of the administrative staff
that carry out the whole legal process of establish the museum, the advertising costs, and
all the legal costs of establishment:
Table 8. Preoperative expenses. Own elaboration.
75
7.4 BUDGET
With all the costs calculated, the costs appraisal for the implementation of the valorization
project of the Sabana Railway Station with an interactive museum corresponds to:
Table 9. Implementation cost. Own elaboration.
Additionally, it is important to considerer all the costs associated with the use and opera-
tion of the museum to evaluate its viability as a sustainable project and that can demons-
trate its financial viability to stakeholders and potential investors. For this purpose, four
costs have been defined as the costs needed for the use and operation of the museum, co-
rresponding to the administrative expenses, programming and cultural services expenses,
collections expenses, and marketing expenses.
The administrative expenses are all the expenses related to the administration and mana-
gement of the museum, including the management and monitoring system, needed for
the good development of the museum. The expenses constituting the administrative costs
correspond to wages, maintenance and repairs of the building, equipment maintenance,
payment of utilities and the management and monitoring system.
For the calculation of wages, according to the District Institute of Cultural Heritage (IDPC,
2020) for the year 2019, before the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the museums in
Bogotá had an average of 18 employees per museum, taking this average data, and con-
sidering an average salary for the 18 employees for all the year of $ 3’000.000 COP, 750
EUR, then the wages for all the first year corresponds to $ 648’000.000 COP, 162.000 EUR.
Regarding the maintenance and repairs of the building and the equipment maintenance,
it is considered to take the 20% of the Remodeling costs and the equipment costs respec-
tively, so the maintenance and repairs of the building expenses for the first year corres-
ponds to $ 100’000.000 COP, 25.000 EUR. And the equipment maintenance expenses
correspond to $ 88’000.000 COP, 22.000 EUR.
The payment of utilities, considering the type and use of the building, as was mentioned
before, being a national monument with a public endowment use, the costs of the utilities
are deducted, being established in a monthly amount of $ 5’500.000 COP, for a total yearly
payment of $ 66’000.000 COP, 16.500 EUR.
76
7.4 BUDGET
The management and monitoring system costs are determined as the 20% of the wages
costs Since it includes the use of trained personnel for such activities, having a cost for the
first year of $ 129’600.000 COP, 257.900 EUR.
Knowed all the costs related to the administrative expenses; it is possible to calculate the
administrative costs:
Table 10. Administrative costs. Own elaboration.
For the determination of the programming and cultural services expenses, which refers
to the supplies, texts, photos and graphic production, exhibition design, consultancies,
materials for educational programs, actions with the community, various materials, con-
sultancies, research, manufacturing, publication editing, among others, it is consider as
a percentage of the administrative expenses, specifically to the 15%, corresponding to $
154’740.000 COP, 38.685 EUR for the first year.
The collections expenses that are about the registration materials, archives, conservation
treatments, including the system of prevention and conservation of the collection as well
as the cultural heritage building where the museum would be located, preventive con-
servation supplies, environmental monitoring and controls, software, technology, storage
materials, restoration, among others, is calculated as well as a percentage of the adminis-
trative expenses, corresponding to the 30%, meaning an amount of $ 309’480.000 COP,
77.370 EUR for the first year.
Finally, for the marketing expenses, which includes marketing, promotions, educator pro-
grams, advertising, dissemination, educational materials, among others, they are calcula-
ted as the 8% of the administrative expenses, $ 82’528.000 COP, 77.370 EUR for the first
year.
77
7.4 BUDGET
The costs associated with the use and operation of the museum for the first year are pre-
sented below:
Table 11. Use and operation cost. Own elaboration
Funding sources and strategies
Once the implementation cost of the interactive museum has been defined, as well as the
cost of its use and operation, the aim is to determine the sources of income for the mu-
seum, seeing its viability from a financial point of view and that it can attract the interest
of future investors depending on the strategies and sources of financing that are presented
once the income and expenses of the museum are determined.
From the spaces presented in the design of the interactive museum, the main sources of
income can be defined from the operation of the organization, and from all the services
that can be provided in the museum of the Sabana Station, the which correspond to ticket
sales to enter the museum, sale of research and extension services, sales in the souvenir
shop, rental of exhibition spaces, sale of catalogs and publications, income from the cafe-
teria/restaurant.
For the income from ticket sales, it is necessary to estimate an annual number of visitors
to the museum as well as a price that can be affordable and that is competitive with the
price of admission tickets to other museums in the area.
As previously mentioned, according to the District Institute of Cultural Heritage (IDPC,

2020) for the year 2019, before the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, more than 4 mi-
llion visitors to the city’s museums, both public and private, registering an annual average
of almost 79 thousand visitors per museum, this number will be used as the estimate of
visitors to the new interactive museum at the Station.
To determine the price of the ticket, it is compared with the main museums in the area as
well as in its vicinity, so that it can have a competitive price that interests and attracts tou-
rists and visitors to the city and the historic center, as well as well as the local community,
educational entities and other interested persons.
78
7.4 BUDGET
From the national museum (National museum, 2022) there is a price for adults of $ 3,000
COP plus $ 1,000 COP as a voluntary contribution for a total of $ 4,000 COP, 1 EUR; Si-
milarly, the independence museum (Independence museum, 2022) has a price for adults
of $ 3,000 COP plus $ 1,000 COP as a voluntary contribution for a total of $ 4,000 COP, 1
EUR, as well as the Casa de Bolivar museum (Bolivar house museum, 2022), finally, the
gold museum (Gold museum, 2022) for its part has a cost per ticket of $ 4,000 COP, 1
EUR. Based on these prices, knowing that the museum initially would not have the same
number of visitors as those previously mentioned, and that therefore a higher price is re-
quired to cover part of the costs of use and operation, without this cost reaching be exces-
sive to lose competitiveness, a price per ticket of $ 6,000 COP, 1.5 EUR, which, although
higher than that of the competition, is not extremely expensive in comparison, and can be
economically viable for visitors and interested.
Having an annual average of 79.000 visitors to the museum, with a ticket price of $ 6.000
COP, 1,5 EUR, the tickets sales income corresponds to $ 474’000.000 COP, 118.500 EUR
for the first year.
From the District Institute of Cultural Heritage (IDPC, 2020) for the year 2019, before the
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the sources of resources for the financing and sustai-
nability of public museums in the city of Bogotá are presented according to the following
graph:
Figure 44. Finance sources Bogotá’s museums. IDPC (2020).
79
7.4 BUDGET
From the graph it is possible to observe that of the financing sources for the management
of own resources, the income from ticket sales corresponds to 8.49% of the financing
sources. From said percentage of financing and according to the other percentages in the
graph, it is possible to establish the respective percentages of the other sources of income
for the interactive museum previously mentioned, in relation to ticket sales, as follows:
Sale of services, 8,49% of the financing sources, corresponds to the 100% of the tickets
sales, $ 474’000.000 COP, 118.500 EUR for the first year.
Sale in souvenir shop, 6,6%, of the financing sources, corresponds to the 78% of the tickets
Rental of exhibition spaces, 4,72% of the financing sources, corresponds to the 55% of the
tickets sales, $ 260’700.000 COP, 65.175 EUR for the first year.
Sale of catalogues and publications 4,72% of the financing sources, corresponds to the
55% of the tickets sales, $ 260’700.000 COP, 65.175 EUR for the first year.
Restaurant Income, 1,89% of the financing sources, corresponds to the 22% of the tickets
The following table summarizes the different income and funding sources of the museum:
Table 12. Funding sources. Own elaboration
80
7.5 DISCOUNT CASH FLOW
Once the implementation costs of the interactive museum in the Sabana Station are
known, as well as the income and expenses for the use and operation of the museum, it
is possible to determine the financial viability of the project and the sustainability of the
museum in its economic aspect. For this, it is determined to evaluate the cash flow of the
museum in the first 5 years of operation, time in which the museum will consolidate in
the cultural, social and economic dynamics of the city and the community, based on the
calculated income and costs and considering an investment in the implementation of the
museum by a third party who oversees financing the initial stage of the implementation
of the museum in the station.
From the financial information of the Republic of Colombia, for 2021 there was a con-
sumer price index of 5.62%, this data will be considered to calculate the annual inflation
during the 5 years of financial evaluation of the project.
Similarly, with respect to the interested investor, a risk capital cost associated with their
investment of 16% is determined, which includes the spread that represents the country
risk premium for the country and the rate of return for the tertiary sector, where the mu-
seums are included.
With this information, the following discounted cash flow is presented:
Table 13. DCF Colombian Pesos. Own elaboration
81
7.4 DISCOUNT CASH FLOW
Table 14. DCF Euros. Own elaboration
From the Discounted Cash Flow analysis is possible to determine and evaluate some indi-
cators as the net present value for the 5 years presents a positive value of $256,547,322.62
COP, 64,146.11 EUR, indicating that additional value will be generated to the investment
and the operation of the museum, the internal rate of return (17%) presents a value higher
than the cost of capital (16%), indicating that there will be no loss of value in the capital
invested by the third party, but instead will increase the value of the investment to 5 years,
finally the amortization period of The entire investment is estimated after 4 years of ope-
ration of the interactive museum, a more than reasonable time for this type of investment
and which is within the estimated 5 years for the consolidation of the museum within the
social, economic and cultural functioning of the city and the community.
82
8 CONCLUSION
83
8.1 OPINION
Value the symbolic structures through design input and generation of citizen activity,
where they would have an interaction with the city and the population, in addition to an
adequate use to avoid deterioration and abandonment. La Sabana train station is not im-
portant only for its aesthetics, but also for its functionality, since in the future it will serve
as the main axis of passenger and cargo transport in the city, these changes could be main-
ly due to the change of use where the population takes advantage of these spaces in the
station to learn about the history of the city’s trains, and by serving as an educational and
cultural institution to generate cultural appropriation and maintain an active relationship
between the station and the population.
The surroundings of the station currently have a negative impact on the building, the state
has the authority to start executing the partial plans in order to generate more interest and
sense of belonging on the part of the citizens in investors towards the building. Through
the staking out of new internal green spaces, new integration zones are being generated
through plantations of endemic species to promote the enrichment of flora and increase
the fauna by the species that they could attract and environmental connectivity, but not
leaving a cleaning side of waste and polluting materials.
In conclusion, when carrying out interventions on the assets of Culturally Significance,

contributes to people’s sense of identity, since they are part of history and a source of
social cohesion and collective pride. For this reason, it is important to identify and for-
mulate projects to integrate the BIC into the social and economic engines. The various
competitive relationships that public and private institutions must establish in asset ma-
nagement and their sphere of influence. List the aspects that need to be strengthened in
the respective organizations, allowing interest in the BIC, and therefore it is important
to “recognize in the activities of people and concerns about the ability to catalyze the
functioning of cultural and educational spaces, when identified, the state must monitor
communication processes, citizen participation and the corresponding mechanisms to
identify failures and improvements.
The identification includes the elaboration of processes to study different proposals, which
must have an analysis of uses, social, design, intervention methods, communication, eco-
nomic pre-feasibility. They must also include a proposal for the management of tourism
projects so that the services become a tourism offer, and be able to generate optimal use
to mitigate the negative impacts identified in the diagnosis. The Sabana station has the
necessary infrastructure to be able to generate a space for collective activity and learning,
so the main entity, which is the state, has to execute and better monitor the station in or-
der to establish the basic criteria and uses to be able to establish tools and interventions
necessary to increase tourism and the interest of the population towards the station, since
according to the architectural and economic analysis, it is possible to physically improve
the building and be able to generate a source of income to sustain it.
84
9 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bolivar house museum. (2022). Casa del Museo Quinta de Bolivar. Obtenido de http://www.quintadeboli-
var.gov.co/donde-estamos/Paginas/Informaci%C3%B3n-General.aspx
CITUR. (2022). Centro de Información de Turismo de Colombia. Obtenido de https://www.citur.gov.co/
estadisticas/df_terminales/all/13?t=1#gsc.tab=0
Department, N. S. (6 de 11 de 2019). Mercado. Obtenido de Dane: https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investiga-
ciones/boletines/grupos-etnicos/presentacion-grupos-etnicos-poblacion-NARP-2019.pdf
DGOR. (13 de 11 de 2021). Estadistica de redes sociales en Colombia 2021 . Obtenido de Digital 2021 Global
Overview Report: https://www.way2net.com/2021/11/estadisticas-de-redes-sociales-en-colombia-2021/
District Planning Secretary. (1 de 1 de 2017). Monografía Localidad de los Mártires 2017. Obtenido de
Secretaría DIstrital de Planeación: https://www.sdp.gov.co/gestion-estudios-estrategicos/informacion-car-
tografia-y-estadistica/repositorio-estadistico/monografia-localidad-de-los-martires-2017%5D
District Planning Secretary a. (2020). Ficha Local Bogotá . Obtenido de Veeduría Distrital: http://veeduria-
distrital.gov.co/sites/default/files/files/Publicaciones%202020/Ficha%20Local%20Bogota.pdf
District Planning Secretary b. (2020). Ficha Local Martires . Obtenido de Veeduría Distrital: https://veedu-
riadistrital.gov.co/sites/default/files/files/Publicaciones%202020/Ficha%20Local%20Martires.pdf
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de Planeación: https://www.sdp.gov.co/gestion-territorial/patrimonio-y-renovacion-urbana/bienes-de-in-
teres-cultural
District Secretary of Finance. (2022). Impuestos. Obtenido de Secretaría Distrital de Hacienda: https://shd.
gov.co/shd/calendario-tributario
District Secretary of Finance b. (2022). Bogotá alcanza meta anual de recaudo tributario, con $9,95 billones
en 2021. Obtenido de Secretaría Distrital de Hacienda: https://www.shd.gov.co/shd/bogota-alcanza-me-
ta-anual-de-recaudo-tributario-con-9-95-billones-en-2021
District Supervisory Office. (2017). La sabana. Obtenido de Veeduría Distrital: https://www.veeduriadistri-
tal.gov.co/sites/default/files/files/UPZ/LA%20SABANA.pdf
ENUT. (2021). Boletín técnico Encuesta Nacional de Uso del Tiempo. Obtenido de https://img.lalr.co/
cms/2021/11/18163828/Bolet%C3%ADn-ENUT.pdf
Gold museum. (2022). La Red Cultural del Banco de la República. Obtenido de Banco de la República:
https://www.banrepcultural.org/servicios/boleteria-museo-del-oro-de-bogota
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seos-de-bogota
IDT. (2022). Como le fue al turismo en Bogotá 2021 . Obtenido de District Institute of Tourism of Bogotá:
https://www.idt.gov.co/sites/default/files/Como-le-Fue-al-Turismo-en-Bogota-2021MOV1.pdf
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seoindependencia.gov.co/donde-estamos/Paginas/Informaci%C3%B3n-General.aspx
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tosreligiosos.mininterior.gov.co/sites/default/files/documentos/cartilla_sector_religioso_.pdf
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martires_0.pdf
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SABANA

Figure 1: Estado estación de la sabana, https://directorioicc.gov.co/comision-filmica/estacion-de-la-sabana

Figure 2. Sabana Station front view, https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estacion_de_la_Sabana

Figure 3. Bogotá, Colombia.Own elaboration.

Figure 4. Localities of Bogotá. Own elaboration.

Figure 5. Los martires. Own elaboration.

MOBILITY PUBLIC ENTITIES EDUCATIONAL

Secondary stop Distrital Schools

Bike station Local Sabana Railway

Sabana Railway Sabana Railway

Figure 6. Los martires main dynamics. Own elaboration.

LAND USES AGGLOMERATION RISKS

Residential Urban network Contamination

Industrial Sabana Railway Sabana Railway

Interest sites Multi-cultural Museum

Green areas Sabana Railway Sabana Railway

Figure 7. Estadísticas de oferta y demanda del Sistema Integrado de Transporte

3.2.2 Urban facilities and administrative infraestructure

3.2.3 Green areas - open spaces

Figure 8. Los martires Locality, interest points, https://bogota.gov.co/mi-ciudad/martires/los-martires-el-alma-profunda-del-centro-de-bogota

Figure 9: Los martires Community distribution. Own elaboration

Figure 10. MONOGRAFÍA LOCALIDAD DE LOS MÁRTIRES 2017

Martires quare San Victorino

Pasaje Hernandez Mariposa Park

Bolivar square Chorro de quevedo

PARK GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ

CHURCH SAN FRANCISCO

CHURCH LA SAGRADA PASIÓN

LA SABANA RAILWAY STATION

Figure 11. Sabana train conections. Own elaboration

3.2.8 Cultural heritage

3.2.9 Description of users

Figure 14. Los Martires Socio-economy. District Planning Secretary (2020)

Figure15. Labor distribution. District Planning Secretary (2020).

Figure16. FLos martires Family distribution District Supervisory Office (2017).

Figure 17. Average daily time ocupation ENUT (2021).

3.3.1 Plan “La Sabana”

3.3.2 Plan SMPP of the Historic Center of Bogotá

3.3.3 Metro line Bogotá

Figure 21. Bogotá Metro line. metrodebogota.gov.co

Figure 22. RegioTram. regiotramdeoccidente.gov.co

According to the District Planning Secretary (SDP, 2016) Presentación de PowerPoint

SALT CATGEDRAL, ZIPAQUIRA

RAILWAY STATION, USAQUEN

LA SABANA RAILWAY STATION

USAQUEN RAILWAY STATION

CAJICA SALT CATHEDRAL-ZIPAQUIRA

Figure 23. Sabana Train route. Own elaboration

3.4.2 DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES

Figure 24. Tourism Bogotá. IDT (2022).

This information is complemented by the Observatory of the Bogotá Chamber of Com-

Figure 26. Quantity of torist in Bogotá ‘s museums. IDPC (2020).

3.4.3 SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYSIS

In the opinion of AmCham Colombia, in 2020, in order to recover tourism in Colombia,

Figure 27. Social Media Colombia. DGOR (2021).

Figure 28. Main Social Media Colombia. DGOR (2021).

Table 1. Social Media Analysis Bogotá cultural places. Own elaboration

3.5.1 TERRITORIAL SUBJECTS

3.5.2 TAX POLICY

Figure 29. Tax exception. Agreement 426 of 2009.

3.5.3 CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION

Table 2. PESTEL Method. Own elaboration.

Table 3. SWOT. Analysys. Own elaboration.

• Create strategies that encourage appropriation by the community and citizens