The Scramble for Africa

Germany / Portugal
 What you need to know
Look at the bottom corners

If you see a pretzel, we are talking about Germany.

If you see Ronaldo, we are talking about Portugal.

Main Topics
How the colonizer controlled
01. Introduction 03. the specific region/nation
-New Imperialism -types of rules that was enforced
-Modern countries that were -life of the locals
colonized by Germany/Portugal -how colonizers view the
in the past locals in the present

Why they colonized the The lasting impact of imperialism

02. specific region/nation
04. on that region of Africa
-Influence behind the countries reasons -imperialism impact culture,
behind imperialism. economics and society
-Important Resources -political, economic and/or
social problems
 Introduction

You guys are already familiar with the scramble for

Africa and the Berlin conference, so let us focus on
other aspects of the topic.
Countries that were conquered by Germany and Portugal

Germany: Portugal:

Burundi Rwanda Angola Cape Verde

Tanzania Namibia Mozambique Guinea
Togo Cameroon Sao Tome and Principe
Equatorial Guinea
 Why did Germany colonized africa

Otto Von Bismarck Disliked colonialism

Kaiser Wilhelm II Weltpolitik foreign policy

(to transform Germany into a global power)

Weltpolitik Foreign Policy Building overseas empire, growing

German trade and Naval power.

Protectorates Joining late, Germany had to settle with protectorates

(a state that was controlled by another) using forceful
means.
 Why did Germany colonized africa

Important Resources mica, gold, garnet, coal, iron ore,

uranium minerals, copal, soda, and salt

African Retaliation several violent colonial wars

End of German Colonies The German colonial empire ended after its
defeat in World War I and the Treaty of
Versailles on 10 January 1920

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany began to try and claim the former
territories, but ended due to the Russian campaign of
Worldwar II
Why did Portugal colonized africa

King John Africa

Portugal desired access to commodities such as fabrics, spices, and

gold. Along with rumors that was spreading that there were
gold-rich republics in southern Africa.
 Why did Portugal colonized africa

King John’s son, Prince Henry, sent out expeditions to established trading stations along
the west coast of Africa.

This is to divert the trade in gold and slaves away from the trans-Saharan routes and
increased their own status as a powerful trading nation.

Many africans were captured, enslaved and sent to the New World (America)
as slaves were becoming more demanding in Brazil.

Important Resources Sugar, Gold, Ivory, and Pepper

 Type of rules enforced

Germany
In Tanganyika(the United Republic of Tanzania),
Germans use both direct and indirect rule
depending on the situation. At the coast, they
used direct rule. In the hinterland, they used
indirect rule.

Indirect rule Direct rule

They allowed local people They used military to enforce people in
(Arabs and Swahili) to rule orders to plant cash crops such as
themselves. coffee, sisal, cotton and peanuts.
 Portugal
The Portuguese used direct rule which was the prazo system. The prazo system mixed
between local political structures and a Portuguese political system which land was
taken from African rulers to Portuguese settlers. This gave the power for Portuguese to
control African people.
Life for the locals/colonizers’ view in Germany
In 1907
The administration of the German colonies had tried
to work on improving the locals or the natives' life
in many ways after the colonial war happened. The
White people in the colonies, as expected, had more
privileges, but they were a minority of them.

In 1914
In the German colonies, there were around 13
million locals that were treated as subordinates
in 1914. In many articles it is stated that the
German colonial history has not get a lot of
attention and has not be talked about it much in
the present
Life for the locals/colonizers’ view in Germany
Germans were very harsh and brutal to the locals. They
mostly used them as laborer or basically as slaves to export
goods such as diamond and ivory.
Life for the locals/ in Portugal

In Portugal the colonialism was just enslavement and genocide.The locals were
treated like animals. When the colonizer, Portugal, was looking for the
ideology to use violence and harsh ways to conquer those who thought that they
were below them, The ideas of White Supremacy came into their mind.
04. The lasting impact of imperialism on that
region of Africa

Africa
Was colonized by these
two country

German Portugal
economic architecture language culture society
society
Impact of German—> Africa
The use of colonial rules
to control Africa chief to
only trade with them

Replacement of government
New rules and laws lead to
violent behavior in Africa

Namibian architecture
building and structure that was left
behind after imperialism; which lately has
become the landscape of Namibia.
 Architecture
This is an example The high level ceiling
of verandahuas was create to allowing
architecture. the flow of air.

Most of the building was

mostly in the Wilhelminian,
Rundbogenstil styles and
Verandahaus. German colonial
architecture was
developed during the
Namibian genocide.
Impact of Portugal—> Africa
Language
The countries that were
colonized need to speak
the leader’s language.
Culture
Most of the population is
Christian in Angola(country that
was colonized by Portugal).
Society
The prazo system was invented by the
Portuguese. Which later make the Portuguese
have the ability to rule over Africans.
References
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Image credit
https://www.yoair.com/blog/architectural-legacy-of-german-colonialism-in-namibia/