WESLEY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

GROUP 4(THE ROYALS)

Greetings distinguished students. We are honored to have such
privilege to present to you on the history of ISAAC NEWTON AND
MARIE CURRIE and lastly explain to you the reproducible as a
characteristic of scientific knowledge.
To start with , Sir Isaac Newton , who was an English
mathematician, physicist, astronomer , theologian and author who is
widely recognized as one of the most influential scientist of all time and
a key figure in the scientific revolution. Isaac Newton was born in the
manor house of Woolsthorpe near Grantham in Lincolnshire. Although
by the
calendar in use at the time of his birth, he was born on
Christmas day 1642,the date of 4th January 1643 which is usually stated
as his birthday. He died on March 20,1727 in London. Isaac Newton
came from a family of farmers but never knew his father, also named
Isaac Newton, who died in October 1642 ,three month before his son
was born. Although Isaacs father owned property and animals which
made him quite a wealthy man, he was completely uneducated and
could not sign his own name. Newton went to grammar school in
Grantham and entered the Trinity College Cambridge on 5 th June,1661.
When Newton arrived in Cambridge in 1661, the movement now
known as the scientific revolution was well advanced and many of the
works basic to modern science has appeared. Newtons aim at
Cambridge was a law degree. Newton studies the philosophy of
Descartes, Gassendi, Hobbes and in particularly Boyle. The mechanics
of the Copernican astronomy of Galileo attracted him and he also
studied Keplers Optics. He mastered geometry and pursuing his own
him and he also studied Keplers Optics. He mastered geometry and
pursuing his own line of analysis, he began to move into new
territories. He discovered the binomial theorem and he developed the
calculus, a more powerful form of analysis in finding the slopes of
curves and areas under curves. Taking differentiation as the basic
operation, Newton produced simple analytical methods developed to
solve apparently unrelated problems like finding areas, tangents,
lengths of curves and the maxima and minima of functions. In 1672
Newton published his first scientific paper on light and color in the
Philosophy Transaction of the Royal Society. Newtons greatest
achievement was in the theory of universal gravitation. By 1666,
Newton discovered the 3 laws of motion and also the law giving the
centrifugal force on a body moving uniformly in a circular path.
However, he did not have a correct understanding of the mechanics of
circular motion. In 1703, he was elected president of the Royal Society
and was re-elected each year until his death. He was knighted in 1705
by Queen Anne, the first scientist to be so honored for his work.
So to summarize all his contributions to science we have;
1.He discovered binomial theorem.
2.He developed the calculus.
3.He developed the 3 laws of motion.
These laws are;
Law 1. An object will not change its motion unless a force on it.
Law 2. The force on an object is equal to its mass times it acceleration.
Law 3. When two objects interacts, they apply forces to each other with
equal magnitude and opposite direction.
4.Devised the law of universal gravitation.
Isaac Newtons law of gravitation states, that every particle attracts
every other particle in the universe with force directly professional to
the product of the mass and inversely proportional to the square of the
distance between them. It can be in the formular form,
F=G+(m1m2/U2)
5.Proposed new theory of light and color.
6. Advanced early modern chemistry.
7. Invented the reflecting telescope
In the second place, Marie Curie, who was a physicist, chemist and a
pioneer in the study of radiation contributed well to science. She and
her husband Pierre discovered the element polonium and radium. They
and Henry Becquerel were awarded the Nobel prize in physics in 1903,
and Marie received the Nobel prize in chemistry in 1911. However, her
work with radio active material was what ultimately killed her. She died
of a blood disease in 1934. She was born Salomee Sklodowska on
November 7,1867 in Warsaw of Poland. She was the youngest of their
family. At age 24, she travelled to Paris to continue her studies. She
registered at Sorbonne university in Paris where she signed her name
as Marie to seem more French. In July 1898, she announced the
discovery of new chemical element which is polonium and at the end of
the year, they announced the discovery of another radium. Her
husband Pierre died in 1906 when he was knocked down by a carriage.
Marie took over her husbands profession as a lecturer of physics and
she became the first woman to be a lecturer. The Curies research was
very crucial in the development of x-rays in surgery. By the late 1920,
she was experiencing health problem because of her exposure to
radioactive material on July 4th 1935. She died of aplastic anemia
whereby the bone marrows fails to produce blood cells. The Curies
received another honor in 1944 when the 96th element on the
 periodic
table was discovered and named ‘’Curium’’.
Finally, reproducible as a characteristics of scientific knowledge means
obtaining consistent result across studies aimed at answering scientific
questions using new data or other new computational method. This
means that, the knowledge is based on evidence which could be
obtained by other investigators working at different places.
GROUP 4
MEMBERS
.DAVID OWUSU POKU
.ACHINA SARPONG KELVIN
.SETH
.PRISCILLA
.ABIGAIL OPPONG
.ROCKLYN