USING PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S

PRONUNCIATION ACHIEVEMENT OF SMP PLUS AL-HIDAYAT CIPTA PRAJA

MUSI BANYUASIN

THESIS

BY

NADYA JAMIL NURHALIZA

NIM. 372018017

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PALEMBANG

2022
USING PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION TO IMPROVE PRONUNCIATION
ACHIEVEMENT OF SMP PLUS AL – HIDAYAT CIPTA PRAJA

MUSI BANYUASIN

THESIS

Presents to
Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
For the Degree of Sarjana in English Language Education

BY
Nadya Jamil Nurhaliza
372018017

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PALEMBANG
2022

i
This is written by Nadya Jamil Nurhaliza has been certified to be examined

Palembang, of August 2022

Advisor I,

Dr. Tri Rositasari, M.Pd.

Palembang, of August 2022

Advisor II,

Dr. Sri Hartati, M.Pd.

ii
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION

iv
Motto:

 Never lost hope, because it is the key to achieve all your dreams
Dedication:

 My beloved parents, Hamdani and Maryatun, thank you for all of your,
supports, and especially for your prayers on me. Without both of you I
am nothing.
 My beloved brother Iqbal Aulia Ramadhani, thank you for your support.
 My beoved husband Amin Mukhlis. Thank you for your love, support,
prayer and best things for my happiness.
 My honorable advisors, Dr. Tri Rositasari, M.Pd. and Dr. Sri Hartati,
M.Pd., thank you for your advice, guidance, and knowledge which have
been given to me.
 All of my beloved friend, Eli Yanti, Neng Rika Yuni Maliani, Aisyah
Saharani, Herlina Laila, Ema Lispipin, thank you for everything, I love
you guys and see you on the top.

ABSTRACT

v
Nadya Jamil Nurhaliza,2022. Using Phonetic Transcription to Improve
Pronunciation Achievement of SMP Plus Al-Hidayat Cipta Praja Musi Banyuasin.
Thesis, English Education Study Program, Sarjana Degree (S1), Faculty of
Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University Palembang. Advisor
(I) Dr. Tri Rositasari, M. Pd., (II) Dr. Sri Hartati, M. Pd.

Keywords: Speaking, pronunciation, and Phonetic Transcription.

The title of this thesis was “Using Phonetic Transcription to Improve

Pronunciation Achievement of SMP Plus Al-Hidayat Cipta Praja Musi Banyuasin.”
This study used a pre-experimental research design. The researcher were three
class of 90 students as the population, and one classes or 30 students were taken
as the sample used purposive sampling. The data were served four tables which
consist of some form of analysis namely classification, score, frequency,
percentage, and analyzed by match t-test analysis. The researcher used pre-test
and post-test to collect the data. The differences between them were given after
treatment to know the score.The result of the test calculation, shows the t-test
obtained was 10.1; it was higher than the critical value in the t-table was 1.699
there for that 10.1> 1.699. It means that the research hypothesis (Ha) was
accepted, so it can be concluded that phonetic transcription was significantly
effective to improving pronunciation achievement.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

All the praise to Allah SWT, The Most Gracious and The Most Merciful,
who has given me the strength, blessing , health, chance, and guidance to finish
this thesis on time. This thesis entitle “Using Phonetic Transcription to
Improve Pronunciation Achievement of SMP Plus Al – Hidayat Cipta Praja
Musi Banyuasin” that would never finished without many people help me. A
very big thanks will never enough. Not to diminish my respect to them but the
researcher cannot mention their one by one.

Firstly, the researcher would like to say thanks to Dr. Tri Rositasari, M.Pd.
as my first advisor. This thesis would be so far from perfection without any
corrections, guidance, and advice from his. Secondly, the researcher would like
to say thanks to Dr. Sri Hartati, M.Pd. as my second advisor, thanks for helping
me in finishing this thesis.

The researcher would like to say thanks to Dr. H. Rusdy A. Siroj, M.Pd. as
the Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of English Education
Study Program University of Muhammadiyah Palembang, then, Mr. Masagus
Sulaiman, S.Pd., M.Pd. as the Head of English Education Study Program, all the
lecturers in English Study Program. Last but not last, the researcher would like
to say thanks to my parents, my father Hamdani and my mother Maryatun, my
brother , my husband and all of my friends, thanks for supporting and helping
me in finishing this thesis. However, this is still far from the perfection, so any
criticism, comments, and remarks will be accepted with pleasure,

Palembang , Augustus 2022

The researcher

NJN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

vii
TITLE ....................................................................................................................... i

TITLE PAGE .......................................................................................................... ii

APPROVAL PAGE ................................................................................................ iii

LETTER OF RESPONSIBILITY ............................................................................ iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION................................................................................ v

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................... vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................... ix

LIST OF TABLE .................................................................................................... xii

LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................................ xiv

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study....................................................................................... 1

B. Formulation of the Study ...................................................................................... 3

C. Limitation of the Study ......................................................................................... 3

D. Objective of the Study ............................................................................................ 3

E. Significance of the Study. ...................................................................................... 3

F. Hypothesis of the Study .......................................................................................... 4

CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Speaking ....................................................................................................................... 5

B. Pronunciation ............................................................................................................ 6

C. Phonetic Transcription .......................................................................................... 8

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 1. Definition of Phonetic Transcription .......................................................... 8

2. The Use of Phonetic Transcription ................................................................ 9

3. Phonetic Symbols ..................................................................................................10

D. Previous Related of Study ................................................................................... 11

CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Method of the Study ............................................................................................... 18

B. Population ................................................................................................................. 17

C. Sample ........................................................................................................................ 17

D. Variable of the Study............................................................................................. 18

E. Technique for Collecting the Data .................................................................. 18

F. Technique for Analyzing the Data.................................................................... 18

CHAPTER IV. FINDINGS ANDINTERPRETATION

A. Findings ....................................................................................................................... 21

1. Pre-Test of the Student’s Pronunciation ................................................ 21

2. Post –Test of Student’s Pronunciation........................................................... 23

3. Mean Score of Pre-test and post-test.............................................................. 25

B. Interpretation .......................................................................................................... 28

CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

A. Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 30

B. Suggestions.................................................................................................................. 30

REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 32

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APPENDICES

CURRICULUM VITAE

LIST OF TABLES

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Tables

1. Population of Study 3.1 ..................................................................................................... 17

2. The Sample of Study 3.2 ....................................................................................................18

3. Classification of Score 3.3 .................................................................................................19

4. Analysis Data Pre- Test of the Student’s Pronunciation 4.1.............................21

5. The Percentage Pre-Test of the Student’s Pronunciation 4.2..........................22

6. Analysis Data Post- Test of the Student’s Pronunciation 4.3...........................23

7. The Percentage Post- Test of the Student’s Pronunciation 4.4 ..................... 24

8. Analysis Data Mean Score of Pre- Test and Post- Test 4.5 ................................25

9. Mean Score of Pre- Test and Post- Test......................................................................28

LIST OF APPENDICES

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APPENDICES

1. Usulan Judul Skripsi

2. Undangan Ujian Seminar Proposal

3. Surat Tugas Penguji Ujian Seminar Proposal

4. Daftar Hadir Mahasiswa Seminar Proposal

5. Daftar Hadir Dosen Penguji Seminar Proposal

6. Lembar Persetujuan Perbaikan (Revisi) Seminar Proposal

7. Surat Keputusan Dekan FKIP UMP

8. Surat Permohonan Riset

9. Surat Keterangan Penelitian dari SMP Plus Al- Hidayat Cipta Praja Musi
Banyuasin

10. Laporan Kemajuan Bimbingan Skripsi

11. Surat Permohonan Ujian Skripsi

12. Surat Persetujuan Ujian Skripsi

13. Surat Tugas Penguji Ujian Skripsi

14. Undangan Ujian Skripsi

15. Daftar Hadir Dosen Penguji

16. Bukti Telah Memperbaiki Skripsi

17. Rencana Pembelajaran

18. Lampiran Soal Pre- Test and Post-Test

19. T- Tabel

20. Curriculum vitae

21. Documanting

xii
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents: (a) background of the study, (b) problem of the
study, (c) limitation of the study, (d) objective of the study, (e) significance of the
study, (f) hypotheses of the study.

A. Background of the study

Language is the primary communication, and English is one of the foreign
languages in Indonesia that unites all people in the world (Maduwu, 2016).
English is the language that is widely used after the mother tongue, not only
using the standard or official language but also covering daily communication as
long as the interceptor quickly understands it. Therefore, English is significant to
learn. This is because of the situation globalization era, which is very
competitive. The students must master four language skills : listening, speaking,
reading, and writing. This researcher will not focus on the four skills, since it
consumes many time and needs continuous effort. This researcher were only
related to one skill, namely Speaking, and the researcher chooses one part of the
speaking; that is “Pronunciation.” Pronunciation is one essential aspects of
English. Leohart (2008) defines pronunciation as the way of word or a language
is customarily spoken in a foreign language.

Communication takes oral, written, and gesture forms. It must be

knowing that the most often used in touch is the oral form of speaking. One of
the problems faced by the student is pronunciation. It happens because English
is different from their language. In English, there is no relationship between the
spelling; of the word and the way it must be pronounced. The difficulty of
learning to pronounce words from a foreign language is cognitive rather than
physical. And something that has to do with the raw sound is categorizing or
conceptualizing using speech, especially in daily life. Many learners of English as

1
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a foreign language have significant difficulties with the pronouncing of the

words even after a few years of learning the English language. Based on a certain
proficiency standard, the fault that most severely impairs the communication
process in English foreign language or English second language learners is
pronunciation, not vocabulary or grammar. Students may mispronounce some
words, incorrectly and change the meaning of those words because, in English,
some words may have the same sounds but different meanings. As (Khansir and
Tajeri, 2015) mentions that in English, there are many words are pronounced
differently from the way they are spelled. The students still needed guidance on
how to use correct intonation based on the ideas they intended to convey.

English is considered challenging to pronounce since there are

differences between the symbol and its sounds. In many cases, students
understand the meaning but find difficulties to expressing the word in spoken
language because, it is very different between how to spell and pronounce the
word. Pronunciation can be described as the production and the perception of
sounds that are meaningful and have impact on the listener. Based on the
statements above, it is concluded that pronunciation is the way language is
spoken to achieve meaning in contexts of use (Burns & Claire, 2003).
Pronunciation involves features the segmental level consisting of consonants
and vowels and supra segmental level consisting of word stress, sentence stress,
intonation, etc. (Burns & Claire, 2003).

There are a lot of methods or techniques to teach pronunciation. One of

them is by using the phonetic transcription. Phonetic transcription is a system
used for the written note of spoken language (Hadumod, 2004). Phonetic
transcription is a method of writing down speech sounds in a systematic and
consistent way-also known as notation or script (Major & Crystal, 1992). The
statements above clearly show that phonetic transcription relates to written
 3

notation and spoken language. It means that written notation can be used to
help learners how to speak the language correctly.

Based on the researcher’s observation of the students of SMP Plus Al-

Hidayat Cipta Praja, it is found the problem most of the students get difficulties
to speaking English because they have a lot of vocabulary, and they do not know
the way to pronounce it. So the researcher wants to do research entitled “Using
Phonetic Transcription to Improve Student’s Pronunciation Achievement of SMP
Plus Al-Hidayat Cipta Praja Musi Banyuasin.”

B. Formulation of the Study

Related to the study entitle “Using Phonetic Transcription to Improve

Student’s Pronunciation Achievement of SMP Plus Al-Hidayat Cipta Praja Musi
Banyuasin”. It is significantly effective Using Phonetic Transcription to Improve
Student’s Pronunciation Achievement of SMP Plus Al-Hidayat Cipta Praja Musi
Banyuasin.

C. Limitation of the Study

The limitation of the study is only focused on Using Phonetic

Transcription to Improve Student’s Pronunciation Achievement of SMP Plus Al-
Hidayat Cipta Praja Musi Banyuasin.

D. Objective of the Study

The object of the study will be to find out whether or not it is effective
Using Phonetic Transcription to Improve Student’s Pronunciation Achievement
of SMP Plus Al-Hidayat Cipta Praja Musi Banyuasin.

E. Significance of the Study

The significance of the study may be helpful for the following parts :

1. For the English teacher

 4

This study result can be useful information for English teacher who has
directly involve the teaching and learning process. The teacher also
would get efficient in teaching pronunciation achievement using phonetic
transcription.

2. For the students

This study will stimulate the students to be more interested in learning
English by Using Phonetic Transcription to Improve Student
Pronunciation Achievement.

3. For the researcher

The researcher can expand his knowledge and has good experience in
Using Phonetic Transcription to Improve Student’s Pronunciation
Achievement.

4. For another researcher

Another researcher will get an additional source for a similar topic Using
Phonetic Transcription to Improve Student’s Pronunciation Achievement.

F. Hypothesis of the study

1. Alternative hypothesis (Ha): it is effective to Use Phonetic Transcription to

Improve Student’s Pronunciation Achievement of SMP Plus Al-Hidayat
Cipta Praja Musi Banyuasin.

2. Null hypothesis (Ho): it is not effective Using Phonetic Transcription to

Improve Student’s Pronunciation Achievement of SMP Plus Al-Hidayat
Cipta Praja Musi Banyuasin.
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