Name: Johaira G.

Hasan 11 - GENESIS
According to our previous lesson women, children, and old people suffer more from the effects
of a disaster. They are the highest vulnerable when it comes to a calamity or a disaster. Disaster
recovery is more stressful when children are present in the home. A meta-analytic review found
that older adults were 2.11 times more likely to experience PTSD symptoms and 1.73 times more
likely to develop adjustment disorder when exposed to natural disasters as compared to younger
adults. The poor are the hardest hit by natural disasters. Mortality rates are typically highest
among those with the lowest incomes. The poor also suffer disproportionately from the loss of
economic assets. The speed of recovery matters. This is especially true in developing countries
where livelihoods are precarious even in the absence of a disaster. When post-disaster
reconstruction is slow, the economic pain and deprivation of families and communities are deep
and long-lasting.

A. What 3 important things have you learned from the lesson?

1. Severity of Exposure
2. Economic status of the Country
3. How can we recover from disaster

B. What makes these three things important? How are they relevant to your current situation
today?

- These three things are critical to our present situation because they can tell us how to assist
those who are impacted following a tragedy or disaster, particularly in the pandemic situation we
are currently in where some people are suffering mentally, emotionally, and financially. Having
this knowledge can also be helpful if there is a chance that a calamity will occur because we will
be prepared to handle and deal with it.

C. What are things you wish to know more about the topic?
- I wish to know more about the Economic status and the damage it occur.
 The amount of exposure to the disaster is
highly related to risk of future mental
problems.

 At highest risk are those that go

Severity of Exposure through the disaster themselves.

 Next are those in close contact

with victims

Economic status of the country –

severe mental problems are
suffered more in developing
countries.

Risk Factors
Underlying Disasters Economic status of the The economic damage caused by
Country disasters varies.

A country’s natural resources

may also be affected—
hurricanes, droughts decrease
soil fertility.

Be aware of new safety issues

created by the disaster.

 You need to consider possible

How can we recover safety issues and monitor family
from disaster? health and well-being.

Accept what’s changed. Making

sense and meaning out of a
disaster can be hard.
TOPIC SENTENCE : RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING DISASTER

Detail 1 : Underlying disaster risk drivers also referred to as  underlying disaster risk factors inc
lude poverty and inequality, climate change and variability, unplanned and rapid urbanization an
d the lack of disaster risk considerations in land management and natural resource management,
as well as compounding factors such as demographic change, non disaster risk-informed policies,
the lack of regulations and incentives for private disaster risk reduction investment, complex sup
ply chains, the limited availability of technology, unsustainable uses of natural resources, declini
ng ecosystems, pandemics and epidemics.

Detail 2 : Human resilience dictates that a large number of survivors will naturally recover from
disasters over time. They will move on without having severe, long-lasting mental health issues.
Certain factors increase resilience after disasters.

Detail 3 : Over and over, research has found that coping self-efficacy - "believing that you can d
o it" - is related to better mental health outcomes for disaster survivors. When you think that you
can cope no matter what happens to you, you tend to do better after a disaster. It is not so much f
eeling like you can handle things in general. Rather, it is believing you can cope with the results
of a disaster that has been found to help survivors to recover.

CLOSING SENTENCE : A catastrophic disaster is not the inevitable consequence of a hazard

event, and much can be done to reduce the exposure and vulnerability of populations living in ar
eas where natural hazards occur, whether frequently or infrequently. We can prevent future risk,
reduce existing risk and support the resilience and societies in the face of risk that cannot be effe
ctively reduced (known as residual risk). Disaster risk reduction (the policy objective of disaster
risk management) contribute to strengthening resilience and therefore to the achievement of susta
inable development. By understanding and managing risk, we can achieve major risk reductions
in disaster losses.
 COMPOSITION

One of the biggest challenges of our day is responding to the dramatically rising number of
extreme weather occurrences and mega-disasters. Action is even more necessary given climate
change, increased urbanization, and population development in hazard-prone cities and coastal
areas. A primary focus for us as we work to stem the tide of increasing economic and human
losses is disaster risk mitigation. For initiatives aimed at reducing poverty and promoting
sustainable development, especially in the least developed nations, its effects can be disastrous.

Disasters events are perfect examples of compound events. Disaster risk lies at the intersection of
several independent components such as hazard, exposure and vulnerability. Disaster risk is a fu
nction of vulnerability, exposure as well as weather and climate events . While some risk factors
for disaster are obvious and well known, such as environmental factors. Some factors maybe not.
This unique condition is called underlying.

Evidence indicates that exposure of persons and assets in all countries has increased faster than v
ulnerability has decreased, thus generating new risks and a steady rise in disaster-related losses,
with a significant economic, social, health, cultural and environmental impact in the short, mediu
m and long term, especially at the local and community levels. Recurring small-scale disasters an
d slow-onset disasters particularly affect communities, households and small and medium-sized e
nterprises, constituting a high percentage of all losses.

All countries especially developing countries, where the mortality and economic losses from disa
sters are disproportionately higher are faced with increasing levels of possible hidden costs and c
hallenges in order to meet financial and other obligations. Addressing climate change as one of t
he drivers of disaster risk. Reducing disaster risk is a cost-effective investment in preventing futu
re losses. Effective disaster risk management contributes to sustainable development. Countries h
ave enhanced their capacities in disaster risk management. International mechanisms for strategic
advice, coordination and partnership development for disaster risk reduction.