GLOBAL CULTURE AND

TOURISM GEOGRAPHY
Introduction
 WELCOME
The tourism industry is a thriving industry consisting of
different sectors that connect to virtually all areas of the
economy. Over the years, there has been an upward
trend in the number of schools, universities, colleges, and
tourism organizations whose interests and offerings lie in
tourism information. With this, an increasing demand for
knowledge across countries on attractions, destinations,
and culture became apparent.
 TPC 3
Global Culture and Tourism Geography has been
conceptualized keeping in mind the fact that there are
limited materials summarized and condensed to
familiarize Filipino tourism students on specific world
travel destinations specifically on geographic features,
visitor attractions, religion, language, travel arrangements,
customs, traditions, and all facets of culture.
 About our reference...

The reference material to be used in class aims to bring the

readers to the fascinating destinations of the world,
appreciating diversity at work and how all these interesting and
varied tourism resources connect and are valued at a global
scale.
The authors have envisioned this book to be valuable in adding
accumulated knowledge in global tourism as well as to help
instructors on how to synthesize a high volume of information
that can be prioritized as the focus of the subject.
 The reference...

GLOBAL CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

First Edition
Lynn U Donesa, Ph D
Lilibeth Aragon, Ph D
Authors
Reil G Cruz, Ph D
Coordinator

Rex Book Store, Inc. 2020

 Chapter 1

Introduction
to
Geography
and Tourism
 Introduction

Traveling has been one of the most sought-

after activities to escape from daily routine.
For many, it is the best way to relax,
unwind, and rejuvenate before returning to
their usual activities. Others would find it
as an opportunity to acquire new
knowledge, to understand other people's
ways of living, or just to satisfy their craving
for some adventure.
 Introduction
Whatever the reason might be, it involves
traveling of an individual outside his or her
usual environment. This tourism activity can
be propelled by the destination's location and
its geographical features.
A concrete understanding of the importance
of geography in relation to tourism industry is
essential to the practitioners in the tourism
industry -- how geography is linked to tourism
and its roles and contribution to the industry.
 Objectives

01 define geography;

02 explain the roles of geography in tourism;

03 identify the different geographical features;

04 differentiate the kinds of maps;

05 locate the seven continents of the world; and

06 identify the requirements for traveling abroad.

It came from the Greek word
'geo' meaning 'earth' and GEOGRAPHY
'graphy' meaning 'to write'
In contemporary geography, it is a
science more than writing
(Rubenstein, et al. 2013)
Literally, it means 'description of
the Earth' (Hobbs, 2007)
According to the Royal
Geographical Society, it is defined
as 'the study of Earth's landscape,
people, place and environment.'
Elements of Geography

The National Geographic

Society identified six (6)
elements of geography
(Hobbs, 2007) proving that
geography is broad and
encompassing.
Elements of Geography

1. World in spatial terms

Geography studies the
relationships between people,
places, and environments by
mapping information about
them into spatial context.
Elements of Geography

2. Places and regions

The identities and lives of
individuals and people are
rooted in particular places
and in those human
constructs called regions.
Elements of Geography

3. Physical systems
Physical processes shape
Earth's surface and interact
with plant and animal life to
create, sustain and modify
ecosystems.
Elements of Geography

4. Human systems
People are central to
geography. Human activities,
settlements, and structures
help shape Earth's surface, and
humans compete for control of
Earth's surface.
Elements of Geography

5. Environment and society

The physical environment is
influenced by the ways in
which human societies value
and use Earth's physical
features and processes.
Elements of Geography

6. Uses of geography
Knowledge of geography
enables people to develop an
understanding of the
relationships between people,
places, and environments over
time--that is of Earth's as it
was, and as it might be.
Roles of Geography in Tourism

The United Nations World Tourism Organization

(UNWTO) states that 'tourism comprises the activities
of persons traveling to and staying in places outside
their usual environment for not more than one
consecutive year for leisure, business, and other
purposes.'
Roles of Geography in Tourism
This definition revealed the geographical
characteristics of tourism as it covers people and its
activities, places, destinations, and environment.
This simply gives us an idea on the roles of
geography in tourism, such as the following:
 Roles of Geography in Tourism

Product of tourism and travel motivator

Attractions are the most important pillar of
tourism, which serves as a pull factor that brings
tourists to the destination, or it creates a visit
(Bonafice, et al., 2016). It also serves as the major
travel motivator that drives tourists to seek new
destinations.
Roles of Geography in Tourism

Understanding tourist motivations for traveling is

essential to the business aspect of the tourism
industry. Mainly, physical and cultural features of
the place often catch the interest of travelers. The
desire to travel is ignited by the idea of discovering
the world's wonders. Every country in the world
boasts its resources. These can be landforms, bodies
of water, climate, people, and culture.
Landforms are formations on the Earth's surface.

Mountains - are land formations attracting travelers

with great interest in hiking and climbing (Mt.
Kilimanjaro, Tanzania; Mt. Everest, Nepal; and
Andes, Peru)
Valleys - are lowland areas between hills or
mountains where sometimes a river runs through.
Its majestic scenery draws tourists to places with
rather picturesque beauty like the Valley of Geysers,
Napa Valley in California; Logar Valley, Slovenia, and
Haa Valley, Bhutan.
Mt Kilimanjaro Mt Everest Andes
Tanzania Nepal Peru
 Valley of Geysers Logar Valley Haa Valley
Napa Valley, California Slovenia Bhutan
Plateaus or high plains - are
remarkable land formations
where the top of the highest
point of elevation is flat or
plain. There are amazing
plateaus worth visiting like
Kukenan Tepui, Venezuela,
and the Tibetan Plateau, also
known as the 'roof top of the
world,' as it is considered as
Kukenan Tepui, Venezuela
the highest plateua in the
world.
 Tibetan Plateau

Other landforms are continents, huge land masses on

the Earth's surface, islands, cays, peninsula, and
panhandles.
Bodies of water account for rivers, waterfalls, seas, lakes,
lagoons, and oceans
Rivers - are made of freshwater running toward
larger bodies of water like oceans or seas like the
Nile River, Africa; Amazon River, Brazil; Mississippi
River, USA; and Danube River, Germany
Waterfalls - are cascades of water running down to a
natural basin. This body of water draws tourists due
to its extraordinary beauty like Niagara Falls, Iguazu
Falls, and Angel Falls, the highest waterfall in the
world.
Seas - are bodies of salt water. Apart
from their charm, various activities also
draw tourists to seas.
Lakes - are large inland bodies of water.
Lagoons are shallow sea waters divided
by a sandbar or coral reef.
Oceans - are enormous bodies of water.
There are four major oceans in the world
which included the Pacific Ocean, the
Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and the
Arctic Ocean.
Climate refers to the existing weather condition in a
region. In the Philippines, people only experience
wet (rainy) and dry (summer) seasons. This could be
one of the reasons by Filipinos have a strong desire
to experience different weather conditions such as
winter, spring, or autumn. In this sense, the climate
becomes an attraction that pulls travelers to visit a
certain country.
Apparently, there is a link
between the country's physical
features and its culture. Climate,
for instance explains the
architectural design of the
country and how they dress.
Bodies of water influences
people's form of livelihood and
traditions as well as their cuisine.
Landforms also contribute in the
development of the cultural
activities in one's nation.
 Roles of Geography in Tourism

Travel or itinerary planning

Tourism practitioners and tourists find geography
significant in tourism in terms of traveling or itinerary
planning. Often having limited time, tourists find
geography essential, as it helps in maximizing travel
experience. In this sense, geography is seen as a tool
in locating places and identifying distance, the
common notion of some about geography.
 However, tourism and travel trade professionals
view geography beyond location and distance. It goes
beyond the purchasing of flight tickets, obtaining tour
packages, and booking hotel rooms. It is the
confluence of the totality of the travel experience
hinged on the beauty and uniqueness of the
destination. Professionals in the field are expected to
be knowledgeable in the world's geography and a
country's physical and cultural attributes.
 In locating places of interest, tourists and tourism
professionals are guided and utilize the earth's
geographical representation of the world, the map, a
helpful tool in identifying location.
A map is a flat representation of
the world. It contains pertinent Maps
information about a particular
area
However, the earth is
inherently complex that it
is impossible to put all the
details in a map. In
tourism, maps are often
used to locate a
destination and ascertain
distance from origin to
destination.
Types of Maps
Road map - shows the main roads
and access to points of interest
such as city landmarks and parks.
Political map - focuses on the
boundary of a certain nation
Physical map - generally shows
mountains and bodies of water in
a certain place
Climate map - presents
information pertaining to the
climate in a particular area
Types of Maps

Economic map - map showing the

economic resources available in
the area like corn, tobacco, and
iron
Mental map - is the personal
geographic collection of
information and facts about a
certain place or location (Hobbs,
2007).
 The commonly used map by
tourists in exploring tourist
destinations and attractions is
the tourist map, a type of map
used to show the different points
of interest and attractions of a
particular city or town. It can be
acquired in the airport, tourist
information counters, and places
of accommodation.
Maps
representations
using symbols
The world is full of attractions
all over the seven continents,
located in 197 countries. World's Continents

The seven continents:

North America
South America
Europe
Africa
Asia
Australia
Antarctica
Half of Earth's sphere is called a hemisphere. The
Northern and Southern Hemispheres are separated
by the Equator, an imaginary horizontal line at zero
degrees latitude.
The Eastern and Western Hemispheres are separated
by the Prime Meridian, a vertical imaginary line at zero-
degree longitude, and it is also the reference of time in
the world.
It runs through
Greenwich,
England; that is
why it is also
called as the
Greenwich
Meridian.
Longitude has a great role in
time calculation wherein a 360
degrees longitude is
equivalent to 24 hours. The
imaginary line toward west of
the Prime Meridian indicates a
time behind; every 15 degrees
is equivalent in 1 hour.
Earth's eastward rotation
from the Prime Meridian is
ahead of time. Time zones of
east hemisphere shows a plus
(+) sign prior to each number.
The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary longitudinal
line that lies at about 180 degrees of the Prime Meridian.
International Tourism

The UNWTO defines, "Tourism

comprises the activities of
persons traveling to and staying
in places outside their usual
environment for not more than
one consecutive year for
leisure, business and other
purposes." The person in this
definition is referred to as a
visitor.
A visitor can be classified as:

Excursionist or Same-day
Visitor or Day Tripper is a
person who stays at the
destination for less than a
day or more than 24 hours.

Tourist stays at the

destination for at least 24
hours or overnight, but the
stay does not exceed a year.
 Tourists engaged in international
tourism are residents visiting places
outside their home country. This
type of travel requires documents
such as passport and a visa before
leaving the country and permitted
entry into the foreign country.
Passport is a major
requirement in traveling
outside one's country. It
is an official and legal
document issued by the
government to its
citizens.
 There are different types of passports in the Philippines
issued by the Department of Foreign Affairs:

Regular passport issued to

Filipinos traveling
internationally
Diplomatic passports are
provided to diplomatic officials
of the country
Official Passport issued for
official business to the
employees of the Philippine
government
In securing a passport, one is required to:
1. Appear personally at the Department of Foreign Affairs or
any of their satellite offices. You cannot just visit their
office anytime you want
2. Have a confirmed appointment made before the
appearance to the department. You can set an
appointment through theirThewebsite
(http://www.dfa.gov.ph)
3. Accomplish a printed application form that can be
downloaded form the DFA appointment system

The necessary documents required include a Birth Certificate

issued by the Philippine Statistics Authority, valid ID pictures,
and other supporting documents to support your identity.
 Documents needed in
traveling abroad are not limited
to passports. Entry in other
countries needs an endorsement
issued by the consular office of
the
The
country to be visited, which
allows the bearer an entry,
otherwise knows as a visa. Visa
requirements vary per country,
and not all nations require a visa
from their visitors.
Travel Tips

Always keep a copy of your

passport. Take a picture of it and e-
mail it yourself.
When traveling abroad, bring a set
of clothing in your carry on, in case
there is a delay in your luggage.
Make sure your passport is valid
before you leave.
You should know the hotel or the
address you will be staying or
billeted.
This is our first
stop...thank you