Committee​:​ ​United Nations Security Council (UNSC)

Topic:​ ​ Encroachment of land, border conflict, and resolving the resulting proxy wars.
Country:​ People's Republic of China
Delegate:​ ​Jeetamitra Nayak, Soham Shripad Pande, Bright Riders School, Abu Dhabi

Country Profile
China is a country located in East Asia bordering fourteen other countries, including
Mongolia to the north; Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan to the
west; India, Nepal, and Bhutan to the southwest; Myanmar, Laos, and Vietnam to the south;
North Korea to the southeast; and Russia to the northeast and northwest. South China and
East China border the Pacific Ocean, with the South China Sea to the south and the East
China Sea and the Yellow Sea to the east.

Topic Background
China controls a large part of the world's land and sea domain. China occupies 9.5 million
square km of land territory and 4.7 million square km of sea and ocean territory. More than
1/3 of China's area is remote and uninhabitable. China continues to occupy the land and sea
of its neighbors. This occupancy of land occurs with its neighbors, India, Nepal, Bhutan,
Tajikistan, Mongolia. Occupancy of the sea occurs mainly in the South China Sea, the
Eastern China Sea, and the countries that lie near these areas. The occupancy has continued
from the 13 century till now. China continues the occupancy of other countries with the help
of facts and military action if required.
A proxy war is a war instigated by a power that does not itself become involved. Over the
years, there have been plenty of proxy wars some, of which continue. The proxy war between
the United States of America and The Soviet Union occurred in the previous decades. The
proxy war between Saudi Arabia and Iran is an example of one that continues. These proxy
wars happen due to numerous reasons. For example, the cold war occurred between the USA
and the Soviet Union due to conflict in their ideas. China has been part of many proxy wars,
many of which have ended on a good note. Many of the proxy wars China has fought have
occurred mainly in the Asian continent. The proxy wars fought by China did not have any
significant consequences. Proxy wars such as the Cabinda war, the war in Darfur, and many
more were the ones in which China took part.

International Actions
The United Nations does not wage war (or proxy war): its peacekeeping military actions are
instead police actions. China has been an active participant in the UN’s peace-keeping
missions across the globe, especially in areas where proxy wars are prevalent. Some of these
missions have been listed below-
MINURSO: UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
MINUSMA: Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in Mali
MONUSCO: UN Stabilisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
UNFICYP: United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
UNIFIL: UN Interim Force in Lebanon
UNISFA: UN Interim Security Force for Abyei
UNMIL: United Nations Mission in Liberia
UNMISS: UN Mission in the Republic of South Sudan
UNOCI: United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire
UNTSO: United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation, Middle East

Country Policy
China has maintained a balanced relationship with countries worldwide. Even with a few
disputes and arguments, China has always found an amicable path. Even in the Covid-19
pandemic, engaging in global cooperation against the pandemic. By throwing itself actively
into global anti-pandemic efforts, China's diplomacy has practiced the concept of a
community with a shared future for the world with concrete actions and demonstrated the
image of a responsible country. Throughout history, China's purpose for foreign policies has
remained identical. These are:
1. Strengthening the stability of the international situation.​ ​China has continued to push
the building of a framework for relations with countries featuring overall stability and
balanced development.
2. Further deepening and strengthening the community with a shared future with
neighboring countries. China has actively carried out anti-pandemic and other kinds
of pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries to deepen the alignment of
interests and strengthen people-to-people ties, marking a step toward the community
with a shared future.
3. Actively participating in the reform of the global governance system. President Xi
Jinping has comprehensively expounded China's view on global governance and
brought forward China's proposals for and China's solutions to tackling global
challenges at a series of important multilateral meetings.

Solutions​
The best way to prevent conflicts on borders and proxy wars is delimitation. Allowing the
freer passage of people releases ethnic tensions, illegal immigrants, and blockage of trade.
Cooperation among states is also crucial in preventing a conflict of any sort. Instead of
treating other countries with hostility, we must work towards improving our world-view and
negotiating border crossing regulations. Good borders are not about technical lines on a map,
but political will. Encroachment is an issue that needs to be addressed as well. The main issue
lies in the lack of clarity that the two countries might have regarding their borders. Here once
again, it's important to cooperate and listen to the case that each party makes and come to a
mutually agreed-upon conclusion.