Verb phrases

Level: beginner

Verbs in English have four basic parts:

 Base form  -ing form  Past tense  Past participle

work working worked worked
play playing played played
listen listening listened listened

Most verbs are regular: they have a past tense and past participle with –
ed (worked, played, listened). But many of the most frequent verbs are irregular.

Level: beginner

Basic parts

Verbs in English have four basic parts:

 Base form  -ing form  Past tense  Past participle

work working worked worked
play playing played played
listen listening listened listened

Most verbs are regular: they have a past tense and past participle with –
ed (worked, played, listened). But many of the most frequent verbs are irregular.

Verb phrases

Verb phrases in English have the following forms:

a main verb:

main verb
We are here.
I like it.
Everybody saw the accident.
We laughed.

The verb can be in the present tense (are, like) or the past tense (saw, laughed).

the auxiliary verb be and a main verb in the –ing form:

 auxiliary b
-ing form
e
Everybody is watching.
We were laughing.

A verb phrase with be and –ing expresses continuous aspect. A verb

with am/is/are expresses present continuous and a verb
with was/were expresses past continuous.

the auxiliary verb have and a main verb in the past participle form:

past
auxiliary have
participle
They have enjoyed themselves.
Everybody has worked hard.
He had finished work.

A verb phrase with have and the past participle expresses perfect aspect. A verb

with have/has expresses present perfect and a verb with had expresses past perfect.

a modal verb (can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would) and a main verb:

modal verb main verb

They will come.
He might come.

Level: intermediate

the auxiliary verbs have and been and a main verb in the –ing form:

auxiliary have been -ing form
Everybody has been working hard.
He had been singing.

A verb phrase with have been and the -ing form expresses both perfect

aspect and continuous aspect. A verb with have/has expresses present perfect
continuous and a verb with had expresses past perfect continuous.

a modal verb and the auxiliaries be, have and have been:

modal auxiliary verb

The
will be listening.
y
He might have arrived.
 modal auxiliary verb
She must have been listening.

the auxiliary verb be and a main verb in the past participle form:

auxiliary be past participle

English is spoken all over the world.
The windows have been cleaned.
Lunch was being served.
The work will be finished soon.
They might have been invited to the party.

A verb phrase with be and the past participle expresses passive voice.

Level: advanced

We can use the auxiliaries do and did with the infinitive for emphasis:

It was a wonderful party. I did enjoy it.

I do agree with you. I think you are absolutely right.

We can also use do for polite invitations:

Do come and see us some time.

There will be lots of people there. Do bring your friends.

Bentuk Verb Phrase

The verb phrase dalam bahasa Inggris mempunyai bentuk sebagai berikut:

1) a main verb:

Verb

We are
here.
I like
it
Everybody saw.
the accident
We laughed.

verb bisa dalam bentuk present tenses (are, like) atau past tense (saw, laughed). A
verb phrase hanya dengan  main verb mengungkapkan  simple aspect

2) an auxiliary verb (“be”) and a main verb in –ing form:

 Auxiliary “be” Verb (-ing)

Everybody is watching
We were laughing

 A verb phrase dengan “be” and –ing expresses continuous aspect.

 3) an auxiliary verb (“have”) and a main verb with past participle:

Auxillary “have” Verb (past participle)

They have enjoyed themselves.

Everybody has worked hard.
He had finished work.

Sebuah verb dengan “have” dan past participle expresses  perfect aspect. sebuah verb

dengan have/has expresses present perfect, and a verb dengan  had expresses past
perfect.

4) an auxiliary verb (“have” + “been”) and a main verb in the –ing form:

Auxiliary “have” + “been” Verb (-ing)

Everybody has been working

hard
He had been singing

sebuah verb dengan “have” and “been” dan present participle expresses perfect

continuous aspect. A verb dengan have/has expresses present perfect continuous,
and a verb dengan had expresses past perfect continuous.

5) a modal verb (can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would) and a main
verb:

Modal Verb Main verb

They will come.
He might come.

6) kita juga dapat menggunakan bentuk modal verbs dengan auxiliaries “be“,

“have“, and “have been“:
 Modal Auxiliary  Verb

They will be listening

He might have arrived
She must have been listening

Fungsi Verb Phrase

Dalam  bahasa Inggris Ada 5 Fungsi utama dari verbs dan verbs phrases, yaitu
sebagai berikut:

1. Verb phrase head

2. Predicate
3. Noun Phrase Modifier
4. Adjective phrase complement
5. Verb phrase complement

Verbs as Verb Phrase Heads (Verb sebagai inti/kepala Verb Phrase)  

Fungsi Verb yang paling pertama dalam tata bahasa Inggris adalah sebagai induk atau
kepala dari Verb Phrase.  Sebuah verb phrase terdiri dari sebuah kata kerja (verb), dan
ditambah dengan beberapa modifier, complements, particles, and
auxiliaries termasuk  modal verbs, operators, have, and be.

Contoh.

 Read
 Returned
 have borrowed
 will be painted
 ran quickly
 rather quietly snorted
 want to eat some strawberries
 would rather needto shower
 listen to the music
 shall have been worriedabout the weather

 Verbs Phrases as Predicates (Verbs Phrases sebagai predikat)

Secara gramatikal Fungsi kedua dari verb phrases yaitu sebagai predikat dari sebuah
klausa.  Secara gramatikal sebuah klausa terdiri dari sebuah subject dan predicate.
Contoh. Dibawah ini kata yang ditulis dengan cetak miring menunjukkan fungsi verb
pharse sebagai predikat.

 My puppy drinks
 I am studying
 The vase was brokenby the cat.
  We have eatenall the pie.
 The students will finishtheir homework.
 She will have earnedher degree in May.
 Those children have been being

 Verb Phrases as Noun Phrase Modifiers (Verb Phrases Sebagai Noun Phrase

Modifiers)

Fungsi verb phrase yang ke tiga adalah sebagai Noun Phrase Modifiers . Noun
phrase modifiers adalah phrase yang terdiri dari words and phrases yang menjelaskan
noun or noun phrase.

Perhatikan Contoh.

 The woman reading the bookjust yelled at me.

 My dog is the puppy chewing on the rawhide.
 I saw the man sleepingon the bus.
 Do you have a book to readin the car?
 The food to eatis on the table.
 The most recent news reported by the anchor made me sad.

 Verb Phrases as Adjective Phrase Complements (Verb Phrases sebagai

Adjective Phrase Complements)  

 Fungsi tata bahasa  ke empat dari verb phrases adalah sebagai Adjective Phrase
Complements. Adjective phrase complements sendiri adalah  sebagai phrases dan
clauses yang melengkapi arti dari sebuah adjective phrase.

Contoh.

 You should be excited to study grammar.

 My children are sad to see their grandparents leave.
 Your professor is curious to know why you dropped her class.
 The students are eager to learn about current events.
 His coworker is frightened to ask for a promotion.
 I am irrationally afraid to fly.

 Verb Phrases as Verb Phrase Complements (Verb Phrases Sebagai  Verb

Phrase Complements)

 Fungsi selanjutnya adalah sebagai Verb Phrase Complements. Verb phrase

complements sendiri merupakan sebuah phrases yang melengkapi makana dari sebuah
verb phrase. Verb phrases dalam bentuk infinitives dan base forms dapat berfungsi
sebagai verb phrase complements. bentuk infinitive atau  base form mengukuti
beberapa cat native verbs yang berfungsi sebagai verb phrase complement.

Contoh.

 The students have to pass the test. (infinitive)

 She intends to attend the ceremony. (infinitive)
  My neighbors happen to own a hot air balloon. (infinitive)
 Grandpa can come start the fire for the barbecue. (base form)
 He helps manages the student workers. (base form)
 Would you come wash the dishes? (base form)

 Phrasal Verb Examples (Contoh Kalimat Verb Phrase)

1. Their car broke down two miles out of town. Mobil mereka rusak 2 mil dari kota
itu
2. Did the manager deal with that customer’s complaint. Apakah manajer setuju
dengan complain dari para customer?
3. Be sure to put on a life jacket before getting into the boat. Pastikan memakai jaket
keselamatan sebelum naik kedalam boat.
4. We left out the trash for pickup. Kami meninggalkan sampah itu untuk diangkut
5. It’s time to get on the plane. Ini waktunya naik peasawat
6. What will she think up next? Apa yang akan dia fikirkan selanjutnya?
7. We’re going to have to put off our vacation until next year. Kami akan harus
mengakhiri liburan kami tahun depan.
8. Stand up when speaking in class, please. Tolong berdiri ketika sedang berbicara
didalam kelas
9. We’ll have to wake up early if we want breakfast. Kami harus bangun lebih awal
jika kami ingin sarapan.
10. Take off your shoes before you walk on the carpet. Lepas sepatu mu sebelum
menginjak karpet itu