Chapter 1

Permissive Parenting Style: Impact on Academic Performance of Senior High School

Students in Baliwag Polytechnic College

This chapter presents the introduction, statement of the problem, significance of the study,
paradigm of the study, scope and delimitation and definition of terms of our research.

Introduction

Being a parent is one of the happiest moments in life. Nothing beats the joy when an infant
is right into your arms, to see the new member smile, laugh or even cries, it was just a wonderful
moment. However, it can also be the hardest moment; worry and anxiousness can overwhelm the
parent’s emotion. At this part, they will start to think what the best is for their child, from the
diapers, clothes, and even to the brand of milk that is going to feed. This is an instance of
parenting comes into work.
Parents exert an extensive influence on the child’s development. As the child grows,
discernment, communication skills and coping mechanisms are also improving and progressing.
Parents may influence the child’s development of the character, comprehension and social skills
by the parenting styles applied in the family. However, lack of attention and over protection may
effect negatively on the child’s development. These characteristics may affect how the child will
accomplish the future.
Parenting style is defined as a constellation of attitudes toward the child that are
communicated to the child and that, taken together, create an emotional climate in which the
parents’ behaviors are expressed (Darling and Steinberg 1993). Parenting style captured two
important elements of parenting: parental responsiveness and parental demandingness (Maccoby
and Martin 1983). Parental responsiveness is the extent to which parents intentionally foster
individuality, self-regulation and self-assertion by being attuned, supportive and acquiescent to
children’s special needs and demands (Baumrind, 1991). While, parenting demandingness is the
claim parents make on children to become integrated into the family as a whole, by their
maturity demands, supervision, disciplinary efforts and willingness to confront the child who
disobeys (Baumrind, 1991)
The responsiveness and demanding create three different kinds of parenting styles:
Authoritative style has a high responsiveness and high demanding. Authoritarian style has low
responsiveness and high demanding, and finally, Permissive style, which is labeled by high
responsiveness and low demanding. In Authoritative style high responsiveness and high
demanding in parenting behavior has been shown to be directly related to less children’s
misbehavior and symptoms. (Baumrind, 1991)
 But in our research, we mainly focus on permissive parenting style only. We’ve made
our decision to select this topic simply because we’re interested with it.
We want to know more about this topic. One of our researchers had her own experience of
having a permissive parent and she also stated its impact to her. As she stated, the impact of it to
her was positive. But, it’s not enough for us to know a lot about this type of parenting, we also
wanted to know the negative impacts and other positive impacts of students we prefer to be our
respondent. If you didn’t know what permissive parenting is, you must read this.
A permissive parenting style is a type of parenting style characterized by low demands
with high responsiveness (K. Cherry, 2019). Permissive parenting is also known as “Indulgent
Parenting” or “Free-range Parenting”. A similar opinion attested by Yam dela Cruz, a
Multimedia Producer, this type of parent who possessed this kind of style are generally fearful,
afraid of messing-up and damaging their children’s psyche so they never set firm boundaries,
also this type of parent have low expectation for self-control and maturity. In this case, discipline
is uncustomary. Permissive parents are lenient and non-traditional.
There are various ways to know if the parent is permissive. First, they set few rules,
often very inconsistent one. They offer child’s desiderate to behave. Most likely, they want their
child to choose freedom rather than their own responsibility. They never set goals for their child.
A permissive parent “do not seem to have the same intention of fostering independence” says
Zeicher. They are more concerned with ‘keeping the peace’ and not upsetting their child.
Parenting style has a connection with academic performance of a student. Parents can
affect their children or a student positively or negatively, it depends on how they interact with
students. But in this research, we will mainly focus on impact of permissive parenting style on
academic performance of a student. Permissive parents tend to be more considerate on their
children’s mistake. They have less expectation on their children as students. It may affect
children negatively, because of lack of motivation kids may tend to lost interest on being a
schools achiever. They have nothing to strive forward. So we come up with a hypothesis that it
will affect in negative way such as poor or low grades. This kind of parent has few rules and
standards of behaviour giving much freedom. Additionally to our first hypothesis, students who
have a permissive parent could be irresponsible that will lead to laziness. In this kind of
behaviour, the child as a student may possibly be unwilling to do their own projects,
assignments, unable to review for the upcoming quizzes and examination that make their
academic performance poor and having failing grades. This importance of this research is that it
can help the parent a correct way of parenting by means of obtaining knowledge from this
research. This can also be helpful to students to know the correct way of understanding their
parents in terms of parenting.
1.1 Statement of the Problem

This study aims to know the impact of the permissive parenting style on academic
performance of a student. If we had solved this problem, parents who will read this and will be
aware on how they can effect on their children as students. We make this to give parents
knowledge about the impact of their way of parenting to their children.

The following are the specific questions of the study:

1. What are the effects of permissive parenting on students?
2. What can parents do about their way of parenting?
3. How does parenting style affect students?

1.2 Significance of the study

The result and findings of this study about the Permissive Parenting Style: Impact on
Academic Performance of Senior High School Student in Baliwag Polytechnic College will both
benefit the students, teacher, Parents and also to the future researchers.

Students. This study may help the students aware to the cause and effects of having a parenting
style. They are one who will get the benefit from this study, from some students will be aware of
the effect of being dependent on decision making, especially in school.

Teachers. The Teachers will also benefit in this study to know the real cause of the academic
performance of their students. And help the teacher to realize the needs of the students and
provide them appropriately.

Parents. .The parents will also benefit from this research for they will be aware of the needs and
the academic performance of their children.

Future Researchers. This research will be a huge help to those researchers because they will got
more information or additional ideas on the topic that they research on the internet.

1.3 Paradigm of the study

This Paradigm shows that ta variable in figure 1. The independent is the permissive parenting
style while dependent variables are the academic, behaviour, self-discipline and decision making
skills.
 Academic Performance
Behaviour
Permissive Parenting
Permissive Parenting
Style
Self-Discipline
Style Decision Making

1.4 Scope and Delimitation

The main focus of this study is to know the impacts or effects of permissive parenting in
senior high school student of Baliwag Polytechnic College with the focus on how it affects their
academic performance. This study will mainly identify the possible impacts of permissive
parenting style based on 5 selected senior high school students whom we prefer to conduct an
interview. We decided to limit our place of study because it is more convenient for us to work
from a place near at our home and it will cost our money less and lessen our time we must use in
working for the improvement of our study. Additionally, we don’t have enough funds to work or
to conduct a research outside of our school.

1.5 Definition of Terms

This part of the chapter where terms defined operationally for the reader to wholly
comprehend the research study: