Janaklees National Schools Senior One Class 2s Poetry enior One tlds>. Sonnet 18 >By “William Shakespeare” Shall | compare thee to a Summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May. And Summer's leas? hath ail short a date: Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm’d: And every fair from. fair sometime declines, By chance, or natuse’s changing course, untrimm’d; But thy eternal Sunimer shall not fade’ Nor lose possessior of that fair thou owest; Nor shall death brag thou wander’s in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest; So long as men can breath, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Vocabulary: Compare: liken thee: you Art: are lovely: beautiful Temperate: moderé te rough: wild, not soft Shake: move violen-ly buds: young flowers before they open Lease: duration of Summer is very hot Eye of heaven: (her) the sun Dimmed: made dull, not bright fair(adv.): beauty complexion: colour of the face fair(n.): beautiful thing declines: decays, goes away eternal: lasting forever brag: boast untrimm’d: having become ugly fade: grow dull; die shade: shadow thou growest: continue to liveParaphrase: Shakespeare asks if he could compare his beloved he refuses doing so as she is more beautiful and more sweet tempered In the next. four lines, he mentions why he doesn’t like the dea of such comparison asa Summer's day is sometimes so windy that it roughly shakes the tiny flowers. The Summer is of a short duration. The sun in summer is very hot and sometimes thes sky is cloudy, It is a well known fact that every teautiful thing ata certain point will stop being beautiful either by an atcident or na toa summer's day Then surally by time and death. Then the poet says that his beloved’s youth and beauty will be everlasting as he is sure that his beloved will always be beautiful and never be affected by the old age, even death will fail to put her in its dar< shadow. She will actually live in his poetry which will be always read as long as mankind exists. Questions with Model answer 4,What is a Sonnet? What is the difference between the Italian and the Shakespearean Sonnet? *The Sonnet is a poem of 14 lines, dealing with one idea or emotion and that idea or emotion is usually a personal one. *The Sonnet originated in Italy and in its form was divided into 2 parts: “one consisting of 8 lines (Octet), the other of six lines (Sestet)”. *However, Shakespeare changed the internal form of Sonnet. He divided the 14 lines into 3 quatrains (4 lines each) and a heroic couplet (2 lines). 2.What will make the lady’s beauty everlasting? Her beauty will be everlasting in the verse of tre poet’s sonnet that will be repeated among people forever. As long as me’ live, and as long as they read poetry, the poet’s verse will live and his beautit ul beloved will live in it. Thus, she will never lose her beauty. $3,Where is the main idea jocused in this poem and how is it developed? The main idea of the poem is focused in the first line; . “Shall | compared thee to a Summer’s day?” loved is more beautiful and gentle and thus he Then the poet says that his bel / day. The reason for this rejects the idea of comparing his beloved to a Summer's rejection comes in the following 6 lines, when he says that Summer is accompanied by rough winds and very hot weather. Also, the days in Summer are very short and sometimes cloudy. The poet hopes that his beloved’s life will be a long one. She will live in his lines of verse that can’t die. 4.in Sonnet 18, Shakespeare says that poetry defies time. Discuss. Shakespeare believes that poetry defeats time and death. He says that poetry prevents death and time from frightening the people who are mentioned in the poems. Thus his beloved will be away from the shadows of death and the boundaries of time. She will always be there in his poem. 5.What kind of language is used in Sonnet 18? The language of the poem is simple, allowing pauses at the end of every line. The meanings are simple and easily understood. 6.Why does the poet use repetition of certain words? Give examples. The poet uses the repetition of certain words to create internal musical patterns in the Sonnet, for example: more(line 2), fair (line 7) and so long in the heroic couplet. 7.Pick up the figures of specch in Sonnet 18. Give examples. -Shakespeare uses only a feiv traditional metaphors in this sonnet, for example:*Describing the “sun” as the “eye of heaven”& “the eternal Summer”. -There is also personification in “his gold complexion” &’nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade”. 8.Write short notes on Shakespeare. eee eee ei ; nd Othello” besides much poetry and sonnets. While he lived, Shakespeare was very popular for his audiencé of theatre. He is still popular because he is actual y not of one age, but for all time.