NODE

•A POINT WHERE TWO OR MORE CURRENT-

CARRYING WIRES OR BRANCHES MEET
RESISTOR IN SERIES
•WHEN CURRENT CAN FLOW ONLY ONE PATH AS
IT FOLLOWS THROUGH TWO OR MORE
RESISTORS CONNECTED IN LINE, THE
RESISTORS IN SERIES.
RESISTORS IN SERIES
 RESISTORS IN SERIES
V
𝐼 = 𝐼1 = 𝐼2 = 𝐼3 =. . . = 𝐼𝑁
𝑅 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅3 +. . . +𝑅𝑁
I R
𝑉 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 + 𝑉3 +. . . +𝑉𝑁
FINDING CURRENT AND VOLTAGE IN SERIES CIRCUIT
 R V I
R1 = 100𝛺 V1 = I1 =
R2 = 300𝛺 V2 = I2 =
R3 = 50𝛺 V3 = I3 =
RTOTAL = VTOTAL = 9 V ITOTAL =
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅3 + … … + 𝑅𝑁
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 100𝛺 +300𝛺 +50𝛺
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 450𝛺
 R V I
R1 = 100𝛺 V1 = I1 =
R2 = 300𝛺 V2 = I2 =
R3 = 50𝛺 V3 = I3 =
Req = 450𝛺 VTOTAL = 9 V ITOTAL =
 𝑉𝑒𝑞 9𝑉
𝐼𝑒𝑞 = = = 0.02 𝐴
𝑅𝑒𝑞 450𝛺

𝐼𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 𝐼1 = 𝐼2 = 𝐼3 = … … = 𝐼𝑁
𝐼1 = 0.02 𝐴 𝐼2 = 0.02 𝐴
𝐼3 = 0.02 𝐴
 R V 1
R1 = 100𝛺 V1 = I1 = 0.02 A
R2 = 300𝛺 V2 = I2 = 0.02 A
R3 = 50𝛺 V3 = I3 = 0.02 A
RTOTAL = 450𝛺 VTOTAL = 9 V ITOTAL = 0.02 A
𝑉1 = 𝐼1 𝑅1 𝑉2 = 𝐼2 𝑅2 𝑉3 = 𝐼3 𝑅3
𝑉1 = 0.02 𝐴 100 𝛺 𝑉2 = 0.02 𝐴 300 𝛺 𝑉3 = 0.02 𝐴 ( 50 𝛺)
𝑉1 = 2 𝑉 𝑉2 = 6 𝑉 𝑉3 = 1 𝑉

𝑉𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 2 𝑉 + 6 𝑉 + 1 𝑉 = 9 𝑉
 R V I
R1 = 100𝛺 V1 = 2 V I1 = 0.02 A
R2 = 300𝛺 V2 = 6 V I2 = 0.02 A
R3 = 50𝛺 V3 = 1 V I3 = 0.02 A
RTOTAL = 450𝛺 VTOTAL = 9 V ITOTAL = 0.02 A
RESISTORS IN PARALLEL

•SEVERAL RESISTORS ARE CONNECTED IN PARALLEL

BETWEEN NODES IF ONE END OF EACH RESISTOR IS
CONNECTED TO ONE NODE AND THE OTHER END OF EACH
IS CONNECTED TO OTHER NODE.
RESISTORS IN PARALLEL
RESISTORS IN PARALLEL
𝑉 = 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 𝑉3 =. . . = 𝑉𝑁 V
𝐼 = 𝐼1 + 𝐼2 + 𝐼3 +. . . +𝐼𝑁
1
𝑅= I R
1 1 1 1
+ + + ⋯+
𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 𝑅𝑁
RESISTORS IN SERIES
•THE EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE IN PARALLEL
IS ALWAYS LESS THAN THE SMALLEST
RESISTOR.
FINDING CURRENT AND VOLTAGE IN
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
 R V 1
R1 = 10000𝛺 V1 = I1 =
R2 = 2000𝛺 V2 = I2 =
R3 = 1000𝛺 V3 = I3 =
RTOTAL = VTOTAL = 9 V ITOTAL =
 R V 1
R1 = 10000𝛺 V1 = 9 V I1 =
R2 = 2000𝛺 V2 = 9 V I2 =
R3 = 1000𝛺 V3 = 9 V I3 =
RTOTAL = VTOTAL = 9 V ITOTAL =
 𝑉1 9𝑉 𝑉2 9𝑉 𝑉3 9𝑉
𝐼1 = = 𝐼2 = = 𝐼3 = =
𝑅1 10000𝛺 𝑅2 2000𝛺 𝑅3 1000𝛺
= 0.0009 𝐴 = 0.0045 𝐴 = 0.009 𝐴

𝐼 = 𝐼1 + 𝐼2 + 𝐼3 + … … + 𝐼𝑁
𝐼 = 0.0009 𝐴 + 0.0045 𝐴 + 0.009 𝐴 = 0.0144 𝐴
 R V 1
R1 = 10000𝛺 V1 = 9 V I1 = 0.0009 A
R2 = 2000𝛺 V2 = 9 V I2 = 0.0045 A
R3 = 1000𝛺 V3 = 9 V I3 = 0.009 A
RTOTAL = VTOTAL = 9 V ITOTAL = 0.0144 A
 𝑉𝑒𝑞 9𝑉
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = = = 625 𝛺
𝐼 0.0144 𝐴

1 1
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 1 1 1 = = 625 𝛺
+ + 0.0016
10000 2000 1000
 R V I
R1 = 10000𝛺 V1 = 9 V I1 = 0.0009 A
R2 = 2000𝛺 V2 = 9 V I2 = 0.0045 A
R3 = 1000𝛺 V3 = 9 V I3 = 0.009 A
RTOTAL = 625 𝛺 VTOTAL = 9 V ITOTAL = 0.0144 A