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1. measles (measles virus) fever, cough, conjunctivitis, and reddish

spots on the mucosa of the mouth.

2. measles (measles virus) dusky red, blotchy rash appears on the 3rd to
7th day beginning on the face then becoming
generalized, lasting 4 to 6 days ending in
bran - like desquamation.

3. measles •Mode of transmission (MT) - droplet spread

or direct contact with nasal / throat/ urine
secretions of infected persons.

4. poliomyelitis (polio virus 1,2, -caused by virus wherein 1% are recognized

&3) by muscle weakness and paralysis;
F
- 99% with symptoms referable to gastroin-
testinal or respiratory tract or evidence of
meningeal irritation.

5. poliomyelitis (polio virus 1, 2, -by fecal - oral route; very common in devel-
&3) oping countries.
-common in areas where sanitations are not
good.
- intimate contact or, rarely by contaminated
milk or water.

6. DIPHTHERIA - CORYNEBAC- - acute contagious disease

TERIUM
DIPHTHERIAE - local inflammation with fibrin formation
(pseudomembrane) of the mucous mem-
brane of the upper respiratory tract (tonsils,
pharynx, larynx or nose)

- Toxin harmful to various body parts espe-

cially the heart and the nerves.

-MT : by respiratory droplets from discharge

of nose and throat of a case or carrier.

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7. PERTUSSIS - BORDETELLA - An acute highly contagious disease of the
PERTUSSIS respiratory tract

- characterized by severe paroxysms of

coughing which ends in prolonged respirato-
ry whoop often followed by vomiting

MT:
- Primarily by direct contact with discharges
from respiratory tract of infected persons,
- airborne route,
-or by indirect contact with articles freshly
soiled with the discharges of infected per-
sons.

8. TETANUS - CLOSTRIDIUM -acute disease induced by toxin of the

TETANI tetanus bacillus growing anaerobically at the
site of an injury.

-characterized by painful muscular spasms,

aggravated by any external stimulus. Severe
spasms persist for one week or more.

-R - Soil and intestinal canals of animals,

especially horses in which the organism is a
harmless normal inhabitant; also man.

-MT -in newborn, due to unhygienic cutting of

umbilical cord or improper handling of cord
stump especially when treated with contam-
inated substance.

- In other age groups, transmission is

through puncture wounds created by conta-
minated material or the infection of wounds.

9. HEPATITIS B - HEP. B VIRUS - Jaundice, fatigue, right - sided abdominal

pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and
joint pain.

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Modes of Transmission
-unprotected sexual intercourse, or
-through the sharing of infected needles or
other sharp instruments
-Babies born to an infected mother have 90
to 95 percent chance of contracting HBV
during childbirth.

10. TUBERCULOSIS - Mycobac- •A chronic communicable disease that af-

terium Tuberculosis fects many organs of the body but commonly
affects the lungs.

•Results to cough, fatigue, fever, weight loss,

& chest pain.

•Hemoptysis may occur.

•primarily through inhalation of bacilli fresh

from the patient.

11. Haemophilus influenzae type - a bacterium responsible for some 3 million

b or Hib serious illnesses and an estimated 386,000
deaths per year globally, chiefly through
meningitis and pneumonia.
- commonly found in the noses and throats of
healthy individuals
- can invade the blood stream causing
meningitis and pneumonia

12. Mumps -Mumps is a highly contagious viral infection

with an incubation period of 14-18 days from
exposure to onset of symptoms. The duration
of the disease is approximately 10 days.

The initial symptoms of mumps infection

are nonspecific (low-grade fever, malaise,
headache, muscle aches, and loss of ap-
petite). The classic finding of parotid gland

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tenderness and swelling generally develops
the third day of illness.

-Serious complications of mumps include

meningitis, encephalitis, deafness, and or-
chitis.

13. RUBELLA -Rubella is a very contagious (easily spread)

illness caused by the rubella virus. It is usu-
ally a mild illness. But in rare cases, it may
cause more serious problems
-Rubella also is called German measles or
3-day measles.

-The virus most often is spread through

droplets of fluid from the mouth, nose, or
eyes of someone who has the infection.
-can be spread by coughing, sneezing, talk-
ing, or sharing food or drinks.
-Also by touching contaminated things and
then touching the eyes, nose, or mouth be-
fore washing your hands.

-If one is pregnant and gets infected with the

rubella virus, the baby (fetus) could become
infected too. This can cause birth defects,
including serious defects known as congeni-
tal rubella syndrome (CRS). CRS can cause
hearing loss, eye problems, heart problems,
and other complications.

14. Immuniy The power of the body to resist and over-

come infection.

15. natural and native 1)immunity with which a person is born with
and is not acquired through the use of bio-
logics.

16. acquired

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a specific immunity that is acquired through-
out life.
-Could be active or passive

17. naturally acquired active im- This may occur by natural means, as by in-
munity fection

18. artificially acquired active im- or it may developed in response to the ad-
munity ministration of a specific vaccine or toxoid,

19. active immunity the body builds up its own antibodies in re-
sponse to the antigen.

20. artificially acquired passive developed by the introduction of already

formed antibodies into the body.

21. naturally acquired passive- the antibodies are passed to the individuals
naturally, like the placental transfer of anti-
bodies from the mother to the fetus.

22. passive immunity is short-lived.

23. Infants - 3% of total popula- target population

tion

Pregnant women - 3.5% of to-

tal population

24. Immunization Schedule should be given at birth or any time after

infants: BCG birth.

25. Immunization Schedule first dose at 6 weeks; requires 3 doses to be

infants: OPV given at a minimum interval of 4 weeks.

26. hep b first dose given at birth; next doses integrat-

ed in the Pentavalent Vaccine
*Early start of Hep B reduces the chance of
being infected and becoming a carrier.

27. PENTAVALENT VACCINE

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- Contains antigens for Diphtheria, Pertussis,
Tetanus, Hep B, & Hib.
- 3 doses are given starting at 6 weeks of age
at 4 weeks interval.

28. PCV- 3 doses are given starting at 6 weeks of age

at 4 weeks interval.

29. IPV- Inactivated Polio Vaccine -at 2mos, 4 mos, 6 mos, 18 mos

30. MMR VACCINE at the age of 12-15 months

- referred to as AMV2 or the birthday dose
- Measles- mumps- rubella

31. pregnant woman TT1 as early as possible during pregnancy

32. pregnant woman TT2 at least 4 weeks later, protects neonatal

tetanus; gives 3 years
protection for the mother

33. pregnant woman TT3 at least 6 months later; protects

neonatal tetanus; mother with 5
years protection

34. pregnant woman TT4 at least 1 year later; protects

neonatal tetanus; mother with 10
years protection

35. pregnant woman TT5 at least one year later; lifetime

protection;
all infants born protected

36. BCG: dosage, route and site Dose: Infants : 0.05 ml

Route: Intradermal
Site: Deltoid region of the right arm

37. OPV: dosage, route and site DOSE: 2 DROPS OR DEPENDING

ON MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTION-
ROUTE: ORALSITE: MOUTH

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38. HEP B: dosage, route and site Dose: 0.5 ml Route: Intramuscular Site: Up-
per outer portion of the thigh

39. PENTAVALENT: dosage, Dose: 0.5 ml

route and site Route: IM
Site: Anterolateral aspect of thigh

40. PCV: dosage, route and site PCV-Dose: 0.5 ml

Route: IM
Site: Anterolateral aspect of thigh or upper
outer thigh

41. IPV: dosage, route and site IPV-Dose: 0.5 ml

Route: IM
Site: Anterolateral aspect of thigh or upper
outer thigh

42. MMR: dosage, route and site Dose: 0.5 ml

Route: subcu
Site: upper arm

43. ROTARIX: dosage, route and Dose: 1 ml

site Route: oral
Site: mouth

44. Tetanus Toxoid: dosage, route DOSE: 0.5 mlROUTE: Deep intramuscular-
and site SITE: Deltoid muscle

45. true •It is safe and immunologically effective to

administer all EPI vaccines on the same day
at different body sites.

t or f

46. true •The vaccination schedule should not be

restarted from the beginning even if the in-
terval doses exceeded the recommended in-
terval by months or years.

t or f
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47. true •Generally, one should immunize unless the

child is so sick that he needs to be hospital-
ized.

t or f

48. t or f •The absolute contraindication to immuniza-

tion is: - Live vaccines like BCG vaccine must
not be given to individuals who are immuno-
suppressed

t or f

49. True •Local reaction, fever and systemic symp-

toms can result as part of the normal immune
response.

t or f

50. True •Giving doses of a vaccine at less than the

recommended 4 weeks interval may lessen
the antibody response.
t or f

51. True •No extra doses must be given to those who

missed a dose. The vaccination must be con-
tinued as if no time has elapsed between the
doses.
t or f

52. True •Never ever reconstitute the freeze dried vac-

cines with anything other than the diluent
supplied with them.

t or f

53. true •Repeat BCG vaccination if the child does

not develop a scar.
t or f
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54. True •Use 1 syringe, 1 needle, per vaccine per

child during vaccination.

t or f

55. Cold Chain - is a system of ensuring the potency of vac-

cines from the time they are manufactured to
the time they are given to an individual.

56. people, equipment The cold chain has two essential elements.

57. OPV & Measles (- 15 to -25 degrees C)

PROPER STORAGE OF VAC-
CINES:

58. BCG, Hep B, DPT, Pentava- (2 to 8 degrees C)

lent, MMR, PCV, IPV
PROPER STORAGE OF VAC-
CINES:

59. true 3. Never expose to sunlight

4. Do not stock vaccines at the door of the

ref.

5. Keep diluents in the lower shelves. Do not

freeze.

true or false

60. true 6. Segregate different types of vaccines;

arrange them neatly in a tray that does not
hold water, or in their boxes. Make sure that
their labels are not detached or defaced.

true or false

61. true Vaccines that are due to expire first should

be used first.
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true or false

62. true 8. Label tray or box container, indicating

name of vaccine and expiry date.

9. Leave spaces between rows.

11. Store bottles of water where there are

spaces.

true or false

63. true 10. Measles and OPV should be properly

stocked in the freezer together with frozen
ice pack.
true or false

64. true 1.Never freeze TT, Pentavalent, MMR and

Hep B, PCV, IPV vaccines

true or false

65. true Keep Polio vaccine in the freezer

true or false

66. true 3. If vaccine is stored above or below its safe

temperature it will lose its potency. It cannot
be restored by being cooled or thawed away
again.

4. In case of power failure, fill the freezer with

ice packs, which are frozen in advance to
keep the
temperature down;

5. Keep the door closed as much as possible

to keep in cold air.
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true or false

67. 6 hours •Discard BCG and Penta vac af-

ter__________from opening.

68. true Discard other vaccines at the end of the

working day

true or false

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