Chapter 7 – Solving Systems of Equations and Inequalities Answer Key

7.1 Graphs of Linear Systems

Answers

1. A system is a set of equations or inequalities with the same variables.

OR
A system is a set of algebraic sentences joined by the word “and”.

2. The solution to a system is the set of ordered pairs that are in common to each algebraic
sentence.

3. To solve a system by graphing:

1) graph each equation in the system on the same set of axes
2) find the point(s) at which the graphs intersect
3) the point(s) of intersection are the solution to the system

4. One problem with using a graph to solve a system is that it requires very careful graphing, and
even when that is done, it is likely that the graph can only give you an approximate value of the
intersection (solution). If the intersection values are both integers, then it works, but in most
cases another method would be necessary to find the exact solution.

5. The two main ways to write the solution to a system of equations are as an ordered pair (x, y)
or as equivalent values: x=? and y=?

6. The graphs of each equation will intersect at (4, -6). Each graph will cross through the point (4, -
6).

7. The “Intersection” command is located in the “Calculate” menu of your calculator. When in the
graphing mode, if you press “2nd” then “Trace” you will see a list that includes “Intersection”.
If you select this command the calculator will show you at what x and y values the two graphs
you have entered cross or intersect.

8. Peter will be further from the starting line at 19.99 seconds and Nadia will be further from the
starting line at 20.02 seconds. Peter has a 20 second head start and Nadia catches up with him
at 20 seconds. At any time before 20 seconds, Peter will be ahead. At any time after 20 seconds
Nadia will be ahead.

1 1
9. (2 , − 2)

10. (8, 13)

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11. (−6, 20)

3
12. (3, − )
2

13.

14.

15.

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16.

17.

18.

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19.

20.

21.

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22.

23. 6.6 years

1
24. 6 months (technically 5 )
3

25. 4 seconds (at 22 ft mark)

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Chapter 7 – Solving Systems of Equations and Inequalities Answer Key

7.2 Systems Using Substitution

Answers

1. Example answer: When you have a system where at least one of the expressions is solved
for 𝑦 or for 𝑥, the algebraic expression can be substituted for that variable in the other
expressions in the system. You then solve for the remaining variable. Once you have a
numeric value for that variable you can substitute it into any of the expressions in the
system to find the numeric value of the second variable.

2. Example answer: Systems are easier to solve using substitution if one of the expressions
already has one of the variables isolated on one side of the equation or if it would be easy to
isolate one variable on one side of the equation.

3. (−1, −3)

1
4. (2 3 , −3)

5. (−4, 4)

6. (−1, 3)

7. (−1, 7)

8. (−7, −1)

9. (3, −2)

10. (5, 0)

11. Undefined

12. (−5, 7)

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13. (7, −1)

14. (−9.88, −16.47) : Answers for Which do you prefer? Why? will vary.

15. 30°, 60°

16. 29.5, 40.5

17. 120 yards by 80 yards

18. The angles are 99° and 81°

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7.3 Mixture Problems

Answers

1. 1.6lbs peanuts and 3.4lbs cashews

2. 0.8L of 10% solution and 0.2L of 35% solution

3. The bracelet density is 16.37 g/cc

4. Jeffrey needs 0.4 pounds of blueberries and 5.6 pounds of raspberries

5. 30 L of 5% and 70 L of 15%

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Chapter 7 – Solving Systems of Equations and Inequalities Answer Key

7.4 Linear Systems with Addition or Subtraction

Answers

1. The purpose of the elimination method is to eliminate a variable in the system to make
solving certain systems faster and easier. The method is appropriate when both
equations are in standard form and graphing or using substitution would require a
great deal of work.

2. (−5, −7)

3. (−1, −2)

4. (0, 2)

5. (5, 5)

6. (6, 2)

7. (−4, −2)

8. (3.5, −2)

9. (−2, −3)

10. (7.5, −1)

11. Candy bars cost $0.48 and fruit roll-ups cost $0.35

12. The wind speed is 24 miles per hour.

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13.
a. The pick-up fee is $0.85
b. The rate per mile is $1.12
c. A seven-mile trip is $8.69

14. $0.75 per minute for the first five minutes, and $0.25 per minute thereafter.

15. The plumber worked 6.25 hours and the builder worked 4 hours.

16. Paul makes $6.20 per hour with a $12 bonus per warranty.

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7.5 Linear Systems with Multiplication

Answers

1. 35

2. 66

3. 90

4. 84

5. 34

6. 6

7. 6

8. 111

9. 126

10. 5

11. -2

12. -7

13. 8

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14. 9

15. -11

16. -4

17. 0, -1.5

18. 3, 5

19. 1.25, 1.25

20. .667, .6

21. -1.143, -1.857

22. .065, .848

23. -9, -3

24. 1, 5

25. 4, 3

26. -2, 3

27. 1.625, .469

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28. -.52, -.34

29. A = 114, B = 66

30. Lengths equal 51 and 99

31. $68,750 was invested in Company A, and $31,250 was invested in Company B

32. Sold 43 decorated cakes and 74 undecorated cakes.

33. John is 32 and Claire is 28

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7.6 Consistent and Inconsistent Linear Systems

Answers

1. A system with no solutions is called an inconsistent system.

2. A consistent system has at least one solution (one place where the lines intersect)

3. It is a Coincident System – Lines with the same slope and y- intercept, therefore the
lines completely overlap.

4. One point of intersection indicates that the lines are formed from linear equations.

5. The result of solving the system will result in an untrue solution, thus indicating no
points of intersection, so our conclusion would be that the lines are parallel.

6. Consistent system with one solution.

7. -1, -4

8. Coincident System: Infinite solutions.

9. 1.875, 5.25

10. 1.227, .091

11. Coincident System: Infinite solutions.

12. -1, -4

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13. Coincident System: Infinite solutions.

14. No solution - Parallel Lines

15. -2, -3

16. -4, 8

17. -1, -4

18. 1.44, -2.17

19. No Solution – Parallel Lines

20. .58, -46

21. Coincident System: Infinite solutions.

22. 1.8, .6

23. 0, 24

24. No Solution – Parallel Lines

25. Coincident System: Infinite solutions.

26. 30

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27. 850 adults, 350 children

28. $23.00 per tie, and $47.00 per pair of suspenders

29. 600 mph in the Jetstream, and 480 mph in still air.

30. No real answers

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7.7 Linear Programming

Answers

1. Linear Programming is the mathematical process of analyzing a system of inequalities

to make the best decisions given the constraints of the situation.

2. When two linear equations are graphed on the same graph, the region where overlap
occurs is the “feasible region”

3. Constraints are restrictions placed on a situation due to time, money or materials.

4. Once identified the feasible region is used to answer profitability or optimization

questions.

5. Maximum or minimum values occur at the vertices of the feasible region (the points
where the boundary lines intersect)

6.

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7.

8.

9.

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10.

11.

12.

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13.

14. 𝑥 − 𝑦 < −6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑦 ≥ 3𝑥 + 17

15. 𝑥 + 4𝑦 ≤ 6 , 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 ≤ 21, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 ≥ −4

16. 2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 12, 12𝑥 − 7𝑦 > 120, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑥 − 8𝑦 ≥ 36

17. Maximum value of z is 0, minimum is -20

18. Maximum value of z is 12, minimum is -17

19. 8 bookcases and 10 T.V. stands for a maximum profit of $1,480

20. $6750 in municipal bonds, $2250 in CD's, and $1000 in high risk

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7.8 Probability and Permutations

Answers

1. A permutation is an arrangement of objects in a specific order. It is the product of the

counting numbers 1 through n.

2. 5040

3. 3,628,800

4. 1

5. 120

6. 362,880

7. 6

8. 48

9. 2.1 𝑥 1013

10. 9506

11. 19958400

12. 301

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13. 6720

14. 362882

15. 110

16. 120

17. 60

18. 10897286400

19. 8.3 𝑥 1081

20. 87178291200 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠

21. 5040

22. 1.3 𝑥 1015

23. 40320

24. a. 132 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠

b. 479001600

25. 720

26. .25 chance

27. 120

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28. 720

29. a. 6 possibilities
b. .33 of a chance

30. 1 out of 2652 chance.

31.
a. 36 ways
b. 45 ways

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7.9 Probability and Combinations

Answers

1. A combination is an arrangement of objects in no particular order. In a permutation,

order matters.

2. Number of items (n) divided by number of possible outcomes (r).

3. Because n designates total number of items, k indicates how many of those items are
chosen at one time. You cannot choose 9 items from a group of 3.

4. 66

5. 56

6. 5

7. 1

8. 1

9. 126

10. 184756

11. 19

12. 38760

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13. 715

14. 35

15. 462

16. 5

17. 715

18. 15504

19. 1

20. 15

21. 48

22. 210

23. 378

24. 1935360

25. 1 out of 6

26. 1 out of 6

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27. 4950

28. 35

29. 1365

30. a. 21
b. 12
c. 12

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