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Quarter 1 – Module 10
Systems of Linear Equations in Two
Variables and Their Graphs
i
About the Module
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
about the Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables and Their Graphs. The scope
of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
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What I Know (Pre-Test)
Instructions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your chosen answer on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is a system of linear equations in two variables?
𝑥 + 9𝑦 = 2
A. 2𝑥 – 7𝑦 = 8 C. {
2𝑥 – 3𝑦 > 12
3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = −2
B. { D. 4𝑥 + 1 = 8
𝑥 – 4𝑦 = 9
2. How many solutions does a consistent and independent system of linear
equations have?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. Infinite
3. Which system of equations has a graph that shows intersecting lines?
2x + 4y = 14 4𝑥 + 8𝑦 = 7
A. { C. {
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 7 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 3
−3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10
B. { D. {
6𝑥 – 2𝑦 = 1 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 5
3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2
4. Luisa says that the system { has no solution. Which of the following
2𝑦 = 15 – 6𝑥
reasons would support her statement?
I. The graph of the system of equations shows parallel lines.
II. The graph of the system of equations shows intersecting lines.
III. The two lines as described by the equations in the system have the same slopes.
A. I and II B. I and III C. II and III D. I, II, and III
5. How many solutions does a consistent and dependent system of linear
equations have?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. Infinite
6. The graph of a system of inconsistent equations is composed of_______________.
A. Intersecting Lines C. Parallel Lines
B. Coinciding Lines D. Curve Lines
7. What do you call the point of intersection of the graphs of two linear equations?
A. Solution of the system C. Location of the system
B. Graph of the system D. Kind of system
𝑥+𝑦=3
8. How many solution/s does this system { have?
2𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. Infinite
9. Which of the equations below is a part of a system of inconsistent equations?
3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7
{
_____________
A. 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 3 B. 5𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4 C. 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 8 D. 6𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8
10. What are the things to be considered in a system of consistent and independent
equations?
A. Slopes and y- intercepts are equal.
B. The graph of the system coincides.
C. The system has no solution.
D. The slopes are not equal; y- intercepts could be equal.
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11. How does the graph of an inconsistent system look like?
A. C.
B. D.
2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8
12. What is the second equation of the system { so that there will be
______________
exactly one solution?
A. 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 16 B. 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 8 C. 6𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 3 D. 6𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 24
13. The system of linear equations is _____________ when it has one or infinitely
many solutions.
A. Dependent B. Independent C. Inconsistent D. Consistent
14. Which of the systems below is consistent and the equations are dependent?
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 1 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2 2𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 3 2𝑦 = 5
A. { B. { C. { D. {
𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 4 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4 4𝑥 − 10𝑦 = 6 2𝑥 = 5
−𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 6
15. How many solutions, if any, does this system { have?
𝑥 − 3𝑦 = −6
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. Infinite
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Lesson Systems of Linear Equations in Two
1 Variables and Their Graphs
What’s In
1. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2 2. 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
𝑚=3 𝑚 = −2
𝑏=2 𝑏=5
(0,2) (0,5)
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Questions:
a. How did you graph each linear equation in two variables?
b. How do you describe the graphs of linear equations in two variables?
What’s New
What if the graphs of two or more linear equations in two variables are
drawn in the same Cartesian plane, how will you describe the graphs? Please see the
examples below.
Example 1: 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 7 and 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡
Equation
(𝑚) (𝑏)
𝑦 = −𝑥 + 7 𝑚 = −1 𝑏=7
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 𝑚=2 𝑏=1
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Example 2: 𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 2 and 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 3
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡
Equation
(𝑚) (𝑏)
𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 2 𝑚=5 𝑏 = −2
𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 3 𝑚=5 𝑏=3
Example 3: 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 6 and 2𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 12
𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟔
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡
Equation
(𝑚) (𝑏)
𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 6 𝑚=3 𝑏=6
2𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 12 𝑚=3 𝑏=6 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐
I hope you were able to catch up and understand the three examples.
Now, what have you observed in each of the graph? Describe each.
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡
Equation
(𝑚) (𝑏)
1. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 4 𝑚= 𝑏=
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2 𝑚= 𝑏=
2. 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 4 𝑚= 𝑏=
−5𝑥 + 𝑦 = − 2 𝑚= 𝑏=
3. 3𝑦 = 𝑥 + 5 𝑚= 𝑏=
−2𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 10 𝑚= 𝑏=
MIND-BOGGLER:
I hope you got the correct answers! Let us dig and discover more about this
topic. Focus on each pair of linear equations in Activity 10.1 and try to give some
observations. Try to answer the following questions on your own idea.
1. Which pair of equations has graphs that are intersecting? How many
points of intersection do the graphs have? What are the coordinates of
their point(s) of intersection?
2. Which pair of equations has graphs that are not intersecting? Why?
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What is It
M
D
B E
R C
Solution L A
A (1, 1)
Q
K
P
1. 2. 3.
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What’s More
Systems of linear
No. Number of solutions The lines are…
equations
4𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2
1.
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 3
−𝑥 + 3𝑦 = −6
2.
6𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 6
2
𝑦 =− 𝑥−1
3. 3
−4𝑥 − 6𝑦 = 6
4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 10
4.
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 13
𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 1
5. 1
𝑦 =− 𝑥+2
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DON’T FORGET!
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A. It is a two-dimensional plane which is divided by the axes into four regions
Lesson Kinds of Systems of Linear
2 Equations in Two Variables
What I Need To Know
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
o categorize when a given system of linear equations in two variables has
graphs that are parallel, intersecting, and coinciding;
o determine the kind of systems of linear equations in two variables.
What’s In
Remember that the characteristics of the graphs of the system in the same
Cartesian plane can be used to determine the number of solutions a system has.
More so, the characteristics of the system can also be used to categorize
according to its kind.
What’s New
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Let us go back in getting the slopes (𝑚) and the y-intercept (𝑏) of the
systems of linear equations.
𝑥+𝑦 =2 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2 𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 6 2𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 12
𝑚 = −1 𝑚 = −2 𝑚=3 𝑚=3 𝑚 = −1/3 𝑚 = −1/3
𝑏=2 𝑏=1 𝑏 = −4 𝑏=2 𝑏=2 𝑏=2
How would you compare the slopes of the lines defined by the linear equations in
each system? How about their y-intercepts?
What systems can you make about the solution of the system in relation to the
slopes of the lines.
What is It
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3. System of consistent and independent equations
This is a system of linear equations having exactly one
solution. The slopes of the lines defined by the equations
are not equal; their y-intercepts could be equal or
unequal; and their graphs intersect.
So, the system of equations 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2 and 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1 is
consistent and independent. The slopes of their lines are
not equal, their y-intercepts could be equal or unequal,
and their graphs intersect.
We can also determine its kind or classification by looking at the ratio of
their constants. The table shows you how.
Systems of Ratio of Graph Conclusion
LE in Two Constants
Variables
• Equations are
𝑎1 𝑏1 independent.
≠ • System is consistent.
𝑎2 𝑏2
• There is exactly one
Intersecting lines solution exists.
• Equations are
independent.
𝑎 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦 = 𝑐1 𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1
{ 1 = ≠ • System is inconsistent.
𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑦 = 𝑐2 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
• There is no solution
Parallel lines exists.
𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1 • Equations are
= ≠
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2 dependent.
• System is consistent.
Coinciding lines • There are infinitely
many solutions exist.
What’s More
LET’S DO THIS!
Activity 10.3
A. Tell whether each statement is True or False.
1. The graphs of dependent equations are the same.
2. The system of equations 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 2 and 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 3 is inconsistent.
3. The system of equations 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 3 and 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 2 is independent.
4. The graphs of dependent linear equations intersect at exactly one
point.
5. If two equations of a system are equivalent, the equations are
dependent.
B. Fill in the blank with the correct term of phrase.
1. Two or more linear equations considered together form a/an ________.
2. The system of linear equations is _____________ when it has one or
infinitely many solutions.
3. The system of linear equations is ___________ when it has no solution.
4. The graph of a system of dependent linear equations consists of
________________ lines.
5. The graph of a system of independent linear equations with exactly
one solution consists of _____________ lines.
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C. Identify whether the system is consistent or inconsistent. If the system is
consistent, state whether the equations are dependent or independent.
State whether the system has exactly one solution, no solution, or
infinitely many solutions.
2x – y = 7 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 9
1. { 4. {
3x – y = 5 𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 14
6𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4 𝑥−𝑦 =3
2. { 5. {
−6𝑥 + 𝑦 = −4 𝑥−𝑦 =6
2𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 6
3. {
−10𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 12
DON’T FORGET!
By mere inspection of the constants in a system of linear
equations, you can easily tell what kind of system it is and how
many solutions it has, if any.
There are three kinds of systems of linear equations in
two variables according to their number of solutions. These are:
1. System of consistent and dependent equations
This is a system of linear equations having infinitely
many solutions. The slopes of the lines defined by the equations
are equal, their y-intercepts are also equal, and their graphs
coincide.
2. System of inconsistent equations
This is a system of linear equations having no solution.
The slopes of the lines defined by the equations are equal, their
y-intercepts are not equal; and their graphs are parallel.
3. System of consistent and independent equations
This is a system of linear equations having exactly one
solution. The slopes of the lines defined by the equations are
not equal; their y-intercepts could be equal or unequal; and
Clipart 5
their graphs intersect.
What I Can Do
ENRICH ME MORE!
Activity 10.4 What is the exact location of the treasure?
Materials:
graphing paper
pencil, ballpen and ruler
coloring material (optional)
Lucas and Jerry wanted to locate the treasure left by their rich friend. The
treasure is in the island where both are living. The both of them will only follow a
straight line from their houses. The treasure is hidden in the location which the
both of them meet. Lucas will follow the line which has an equation of
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6, while Jerry will follow the line which has an equation of 𝑥 − 3𝑦 = −2.
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Replicate the Treasure Island on a graphing paper and locate the exact
location of the treasure by encircling the exact point where they meet. Describe the
location of the treasure.
Lucas’ house
Jerry’s house
https://tinyurl.com/y2umj3q2
Instructions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your chosen answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
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7. What do call the ordered pair of numbers that satisfies the equations of a given
system?
A. Location of the system C. Graph of the system
B. Point of the system D. Solution of the system
3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 1
8. How many solution/s does this system { have?
6𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 5
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. Infinite
9. Which of the equations below is a part of a system of consistent and dependent
𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 4
equations? {
_____________
A. 6𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 8 B. 𝑥 − 3𝑦 = −4 C. 6𝑦 = 8 − 2𝑥 D. 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4
10. What are the things to be considered in a system of inconsistent equations?
A. Slopes are equal.
B. The graph of the system coincides.
C. The system has exactly one solution.
D. The slopes are not equal; y- intercepts could be equal.
11. How does the graph of a consistent dependent system look like?
A. C.
B. D.
4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8
12. What is the second equation of the inconsistent system, { ?
______________
A. 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 11 B. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2 C. 10𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 4 D. 𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 9
13. The system of linear equations is _____________ when it has no solution.
A. Dependent B. Independent C. Inconsistent D. Parallel
14. Which of the systems below is consistent and the equations are independent?
3𝑥 + 𝑦 = −4 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 20 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 8 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 5
A. { B. { C. { D. {
𝑦 = −5𝑥 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 12 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 10
−2𝑥 + 𝑦 = −4
15. How many solutions, if any, does this system { have?
−2𝑥 − 𝑦 = −4
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. Infinite
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Activity 10.1
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡
Equation
(𝑚) (𝑏)
1. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 4 𝑚 = −3 𝑏=4
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2 𝑚=3 𝑏 = −2
2. 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 4 𝑚=5 𝑏=4
−5𝑥 + 𝑦 = − 2 𝑚=5 𝑏 = −2
3. 3𝑦 = 𝑥 + 5 𝑚 = 1/3 𝑏 = 5/3
−2𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 10 𝑚 = 1/3 𝑏 = 5/3
Graphs:
1. 2. 3.
MIND-BOGGLER:
1. Which pair of equations has graphs that are interesting?
Pair number 1
How many points of intersection do the graphs have?
Pair number 1 has one point of intersection, pair number 2 has no point of
intersection and pair number 3 has infinitely many points of intersections.
What are the coordinates of their point(s) of intersection?
Number 1 is at (1, 1) while in Number 3 has infinite number of point of
intersections.
2. Which pair of equations has graphs that are not interesting? Why?
Pair number 2, Parallel
HONESTY is required.
Remember: This portion of the module contains all the answers. Your
ANSWER KEY
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Activity 10.2
Systems of linear
No. Number of solutions The lines are…
equations
4𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2
1. 1 intersecting
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 3
−𝑥 + 3𝑦 = −6
2. 0 parallel
6𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 6
2
𝑦 =− 𝑥−1
3. 3 infinite coinciding
−4𝑥 − 6𝑦 = 6
4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 10
4. 1 intersecting
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 13
𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 1
5. 1 0 parallel
𝑦 =− 𝑥+2
4
1. 4.
2.
5.
3.
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What I Can Do
Activity 10.4
The
treasure is hidden at (4,2)
Lucas’ house under the brick wall.
Jerry’s house
Activity 10.3
A. B.
1. TRUE 1. SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
2. TRUE 2. CONSISTENT
3. TRUE 3. INCONSISTENT
4. FALSE 4. COINCIDING
5. TRUE 5. INTERSECTING
C.
1. CONSISTENT, INDEPENDENT, ONE SOLUTION
2. CONSISTENT, DEPENDENT, INFINITE MANY SOLUTIONS
3. CONSISTENT, DEPENDENT, INFINITE MANY SOLUTIONS
4. CONSISTENT, INDEPENDENT, ONE SOLUTION
5. INCONSISTENT, NO SOLUTION
References:
Electronic Sources:
Books:
Abuzo, Emmanuel P., et al. Mathematics 8 Learner’s Module, “Systems of Linear
Equations and Inequalities in Two Variables”, Department of Education-
Instructional Materials Council Secretariat. 2nd Floor Dorm G, Philsports Complex,
Meralco Avenue, Pasig City. 2013
Images:
Clipart 1 : retrieved July 17, 2020, https://tinyurl.com/ya7h8exo
Clipart 2 : retrieved July 17, 2020, https://tinyurl.com/y5rodrc4
Clipart 3 : retrieved July 17, 2020, https://tinyurl.com/ybeh9k8y
Clipart 4 : retrieved July 17, 2020, https://tinyurl.com/ycegzumx
Clipart 5 : retrieved July 17, 2020, https://tinyurl.com/y32enma6
Clipart 6 : retrieved July 17, 2020, https://tinyurl.com/y4gt9kfj
Clipart 7 : retrieved July 17, 2020, https://tinyurl.com/y9bq7ybf
Google image: retrieved October 15, 2020, https://tinyurl.com/y2umj3q2
Congratulations!
You are now ready for the next module. Always remember the following:
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