Mathematics

Quarter II-Week 2
Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) 2

Solving Problems Involving Systems of

Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

Writer:

FLORAME A. MELANO
San Isidro National High School
SDO-Siargao
Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC)
Solves problems involving systems of linear inequalities in two variables. M8AL-IIb-2

Learning Objectives:
- After going through with this learning activity sheet, you are expected to:
a. illustrates and interprets real life situations involving systems of linear inequalities in two
variables;
b. graphs a system of linear inequalities in two variables on a coordinate plane;
c. solves problems involving systems of linear inequalities in two variables and;
d. creates analogy between solutions to systems of linear equations and systems of linear
inequalities.

- Time Allotment: 4 hours

Key Concepts

What is Systems of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables?

A system of linear inequalities in two variables consist of at least two linear inequalities in the
same variables. The solution of a linear inequality is the ordered pair that is a solution to all
inequalities in the system and the graph of the linear of inequality is the graph of all solutions of
the system.(mathplanet.com/education/algebra-1/systems-of-linear-equation-and-inequalities/sys)

To solve a system of inequalities in two variables by graphing consider the following:

• Draw the graph of each inequality on the same coordinate plane.
• Shade the appropriate half-pane. (Note: If all points on the line are included in the solution, it
is a closed half plane, and the line is solid. If the points on the line are not part of the inequality,
it is an open half plane and the line is broken.
• The region where shaded areas overlap is the graphical solution to the system. If it does not
overlap, then the system has no solution.

Systems of Linear Inequalities in two variables may also be applied to many real-life situation
just like the systems of linear equations. They used to represent situations and solve problems
related to uniform motion, mixture, investment, work, and many others. (Mathematics 8,
Learner’s Module, Department of Education, pp. 293-294)

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Let us have an example for you to learn

Activity 1: IT IS CHRISTMAS!

Directions: Read the problem thoroughly and let us solve.

Jay is selling lanterns and balls to make money for Christmas. He has at most 30 pieces
Christmas decors. If lantern costs P30 each and Christmas ball costs P15 each, how many lanterns
and Christmas balls would Jay sell if his total sales is not more than P500?

Solution: Let x = number of lanterns

y = number of Christmas balls

Represent the number of Christmas decors as x + y 30

Represent the total sales as 30x + 15y 500

Plot the inequalities in the graph: x + y ≤ 30

30x + 15y≤ 500

Number of lanterns

(This graph representation was plotted by the author through GeoGebra Calculator.)

The region where the darker shade regions overlap is the graph of the solution of the system.
Consider any point in this shaded region, then substitute its coordinates in the system to check.

Consider the point whose coordinates are (6, 18). Check this against the inequalities x + y ≤
30 and 30x + 15y≤ 500
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 If x = 6 and y = 18, then 6+18 = 24 ≤ 30. The first inequality is satisfied.
If x = 6 and y = 18, then 30 (6) + 15(18) = 180+270 = 450 ≤ 500.

The second inequality is also satisfied. This means that one possible number of lantern is 6
and one possible number of Christmas ball is 18.

However, not all points in the region where the shadings overlap are solutions to the given
situation. Only those values of x greater than 0 but less than 8 (0<x< 8) and those values of y
greater than 0 but less than 20 (0< 𝑦 < 20) can only be considered. Can you think of the reason?

If we use the ordered pair (8, 20) in the given systems of inequalities this will become:
x + y ≤ 30 8 + 20 ≤ 28. The first inequality was satisfied.
30x + 15y≤ 500 30(8) + 15(20) ≤ 500
240 + 300 ≤ 500. The second inequality is not satisfied.

This implies that ordered pair (8, 20) cannot be considered as one of the possible solutions
because it only satisfy one inequality not to both inequalities. Then the negative ordered pair is
excluded. Why? Definitely, the number of lantern and Christmas balls can never be negative.

Now it’s your turn.

Activity 2 COLOR ME!

What you need: Graphing Paper, Pencil or Pen, Crayons, and Ruler

Directions: Make a Cartesian plane using graphing paper and pencil. Plot the given system of linear
inequalities in two variables and show the graph of the solution by applying color in the common
region.

1. 2x+𝑦 < 10 x
+ y≤8

2. 3x + y ≥ 12
x–y≤9

3. x + y ≤ 4 x
+y > 16

Questions:
1. How did you plot the systems of linear inequalities in a Cartesian plane?
2. Which of the systems of linear inequalities has no solution? Why?
3. How many solution does a systems of linear inequalities have?
Activity 3 WHERE AM I?
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Materials: Graphing Paper, Pencil, Pen, and Ruler

Directions: Solve the following systems of linear inequalities graphically. Find four points that
satisfy both inequalities and plot the points to show that they belong to the solution of the system.
The first one was done for you.

1. x-y≥ 2
2x – y > -4

Solution:

Some ordered pairs that satisfy the system of linear inequalities

are (5, 2), (10, 5), (-5,-10), and (25,-12).

2. y ≥ 3x + 1
y≥x–3

3. 2x – y > 2
x + y < 12

4. 2x – y < 6
x – y > -2

5. 3x – y ≤ 1
y>4

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 Activity 4 LET
US SHOP!

Materials: Paper and Pen

Directions: Read and analyze the given problems, then solve by showing your complete solutions
in a paper.

1. You are buying notebooks and pens at Caraga office supply store. Each notebook costs 10
pesos and each pen costs 5 pesos. You don’t want to buy more than 30 notebooks and
pens together and you have 300 pesos budget.

a. Write a system of inequalities for the given situation, then graph the solution
set of the system.

b. Give one ordered pair that satisfies the system of inequalities. Show that this
pair satisfies the conditions in the problem.

2. Your mother wants grilled pork and bangus for dinner. You found out that pork sells at
P220 per kilogram and the bangus sells at P180 per kilogram. How many possible
kilogram of each item your mother will buy if the total cost is not to exceed P600?

a. Write a system of inequalities for the given situation then graph the solution set
of the system.

b. Determine if the ordered pair (2, 1) is a solution to the system. Justify

3. Flora is buying plants and soil for her garden. The plant costs P100 each and the soil costs
P40 per bag. She wants to buy at least 5 plants. She cannot spend more than P1, 000. How
many plants and bags of soil will Flora buy?

a. Write a system of linear inequalities to model the given situation

b. Solve the system graphically

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Activity 5. ARE WE ALIKE?

Directions: Make an analogy between systems of linear equations and systems of linear
inequalities. Use the graphic organizer to present your ideas.

Familiar Concept New Concept

LINEAR LINEAR
EQUATIONS INEQUALITIES

Symbols

Graphs

Lines

Solutions

Abstraction:

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References for the Learners

Abuzo, Emmanuel P, et al. Mathematics 8 Learner's Module. First Edition. Quezon City: Book
Media Press, Inc., 2013.

Jose-Dilao, Soledad,Ed.D and Julieta B. Bernabe. Intermediate Algebra. Revised Edition. Quezon
City: SD Publications, Inc., 2009.

Website links as References and Learning Activities.:

"Solving Systems of Linear Inequalities(Two Variables)." Unanimous. Beginning Algebra. Vol. 1.0.
n.d. 29 December 2012. <https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/beginning-algebra/s0705-
solving-systems-of-linear-ineq.html>.

n.d. <https://www.mathplanet.com/education/algebra-1/systems-of-linear-equation-and- >.

Inequalities/sys

https://www.algebra-class.com/solving-systems-of-equations.html

https://www.mathaids.com/Algebra/Algebra_2/Systems_Equations/Graph_Inequalities.html

https://creately.com/blog/diagrams/types-of-graphic-organizers/

https://knilt.arcc.albany.edu/File:Reflective-journal-rubrics.jpg

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