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MATHEMATICS 8 – Q1, Lesson 5

Student Name: Grade / Section:

_______________________________ ________________________
Teacher: Date Submitted:
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I. LEARNING SKILLS
A. Most Essential Learning Competency
Illustrates and find the slope of a line given two points, equation, and graph.

II. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

Did you ever experience climbing a steep stairs or mountain? Consider the stairs you
use at home, in your school or the mountain that you climb. How
can you describe their steepness? Is the steepness the same
between any two consecutive steps?
Mayon Volcano and The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes in
Baguio are examples of steep mountain and steep stairs
respectively. Climbing stairs and mountains are good exercise, so
some athletes run up or down stairs/ mountain as part of their
training. The steepness of stairs or mountain determines how
difficult they are to climb. By investigating their steepness you
can find another important way to describe the steepness of a
line.

III. ACTIVITIES
Shown at the right is the picture of Mount Mayon, It is one of the fascinating volcanoes
in the Philippines because of its almost symmetrical conical shape. The approximate
steepness of the volcano is labelled by the line.
The slope of the line can be used to describe how steep Mount
Mayon is.
A line can be described by its steepness or slope. The slope m

of a line can be computed by finding the quotient of the rise and run.

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slope
That is.
rise
m=
run
The rise refers to the vertical change in y-coordinate while the run is the

horizontal change or change in x-coodinate. That is

rise vertical change change∈ y−coodinate difference∈ y −coordinate

m= = = =
run horizontal change change∈x−coordinate difference∈x−coordinate
5.1 Finding the slope of a line Using Two points
Suppose there are rest houses on the slope of Mount Mayon where the
mountaineers can stop by to rest before they continue on climbing the volcano. Rest house 1
is located 1 km west and 2 km north from the foot of the volcano or (2, 1)(4,
while
5) Rest house 2
is located 4 km west and 5 km north or (4, 5). Find the slope of Mount Mayon.
(2, 1)
Solution:

Let rest house 1 be P₁ and rest house 2 be P₂. If P₁(x₁, y₁) and P₂(x₂, y₂) and x₁ ≠ x₂.
Then the slopem can be computed by the formula

y ₂− y ₁ 5−1 4
m= = =2
x ₂−x ₁ 4−2 2
Exercise 1:
Find the slope of each line below using two points. No. 1 is done for you.

1. 2. ( 0,3) (2, 4)
(0, 3) 3. 4.
(2, 2)
( 2, 1)
(1, 1) (3, 1)

( - 2, - 4)

Solution:

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 y ₂− y ₁ 3−(−4 ) q
1 .m= =¿
x ₂−x ₁ 0−(−2)
3+ 4 7
m= =
0+ 2 2
What kind of integer is the slope?
What can you say about the behaviour of the graph?
Where does it rise from?
Your answer will be confirmed if it is correct by reading
and understanding the next some things to ponder.

Don’t Forget…..

To find the slope of a line given any two points (𝒙₁ , 𝒚₁) and (𝒙₂ , 𝒚₂)

• Assign values for (𝑥₁ , 𝑦₁) and (𝑥₂ , 𝑦₂) from the given
points.

• Using the formula: substitute the assigned values for

(𝑥₁ , 𝑦₁) , and (𝑥₂, 𝑦₂).

• Solve for 𝒎 algebraically

The value of the slope m tells the trend of the graph.

• If m is positive, then the graph is increasing from left to

right.
m>0

 If m is negative, then the graph is decreasing from left to right

m<0

Furthermore…

• If 𝒎 is zero, then the graph is a horizontal line.

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m=0

 If 𝒎 is undefined, then the graph is a vertical line.

m=undefine

5. 2: What is the slope of a line 3𝑥 – 𝑦 = 2?

Solutions:
• Rewrite 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2 to 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
3𝑥– 𝑦 = 2
3𝑥 + (−3𝑥)– 𝑦 = 2 + (−3𝑥) addition property of equality
−𝑦 = 2 + (−3𝑥) simplify
−1(−𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 2) multiply both sides by −1
𝑦 = 3𝑥 – 2 write following the form: 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏

• Then following the format of slope-intercept form

y=3 x−2

y=mx+b

• Therefore, the slope (𝒎) is 3.

Exercise 2: Find the slope of each line.
2
1. y=x −1 2. y=−2 x +5 3. y= x +2 4. y=−9
3

Take note…….
The equation of a line through the point (0, 𝑏) with slope m is
given by :
𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃 This is called the slope – intercept form.

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Where 𝒎 is the slope and 𝒃 as the 𝒚-intercept.
q

I hope you are still ok…

One more concept
about finding the slope of
a line

5.3 Using RISE and Run

Example 1.
A set of stairs is being built for the new building of Ramon B. Felipe Sr. NHS. Find the
ratio of rise to run.

Solution:

rise
rise 2
m= = =1 run
run 2

Example 2.
Given the graph below, what is the slope of the line?
Solution A: •
Determine the two points on the graph
( - 1, 3)
. (−1,3) and (3, −1)

• Assigned values for: (𝑥₁ , 𝑦₁) a(nd (𝑥₂ , 𝑦₂)

Let : (−1, 3) be (𝑥₁ , 𝑦₁) (3, −1) be (𝑥₂ , 𝑦₂)

• Solve for m: (3, - 1)

y ₂− y ₁ −1−3 −4 −4
m= = = = =−1
x ₂−x
1
3−(−1) 3+ 1 4

Solution B:

RO_Mathematics 8_Q1_LP5
• Identify the two given points.
q
• Get the ratio of the rise and run. ( - 1, 3)
• Count the number of units for rise and run respectively
• Solve for 𝑚 rise
rise
𝑚=
run (3, -1)
4
𝑚= run
−4
𝑚=-1

Don’t forget…..

There are two ways to find the slope of a line:

y ₂− y ₁
1. By using the formula m=
x ₂−x 1
rise
2. By 𝑚 =
run

Note:
rise (+) = going upward
(-) = going downward
run (+) = moving to the right
(-) = moving to the left

Exercise 3: Determine the slope of the line from its graph.

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1. 2. 3.

A. Practice Task
Task 1: Fill in the blank with the correct term/phrase. Write your answer on a separate
sheet.
1. The _______________ of a line is a ratio of the change in y to the change in x.
2. The equation of the line given by y=mx+b is called the _____________________
form of a line.
3. ___________________ lines have a slope of 0.
4. ___________________ lines have undefined slope.
5. A line with positive slope ____________ from left to right.

Task 2: Which line shown at the right t p q

_____ 1. has a positive slope?

_____ 2. has a negative slope? r
_____ 3. has an undefined slope?
_____ 4. has zero slope?
_____ 5. is the steepest?

Task 3: Find the slope

a. That passes through
1. (1, 2) and (3, 4)
2. (5, 1) and (2, 6)

b. From the equation

3. y=−4 x
4. 9x – 3y = 18

c. From the graph

5.

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B. Assessment:
Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which equation has undefined slope
a. x−4=0 b. y +5=0 c. x + y=0 d. 2 x− y=0

2. Which of the following line is the steepest?

2
a. y=−5 x +3 b. y= x −1 c. y=4 x−1 d. y=−2 x +6
3

3. All of the following equations are true about slopes EXCEPT one. Which is it?
rise change ∈ y
a. m= c.. m=
run change∈ x
y ₂− y ₁ change ∈horizontaldistance
b. m= 1 d. m=
x ₂−x change ∈vertical distance

4. Find the slope of the equation y = - 8.

a. - 8 b. 0 c. 8 d. undefined

5. Find the slope of the roof indicated at the right

4 2
a. c.
5 5
5 5
b. d. 10 ft 4 ft
4 2

IV. ANSWER KEY

Exercis 1.
7
1. 2. – 1 3. 0 4. Undefined
2
Exercise 2.
2
1. 1 2. – 2 3. 4. 0
3
Exercis 3.
4
1. - 2. 2 3. 0
3

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Task 1.
1. Slope 3. Horizontal 5. rise
2. slope-intercept 4. Vertical
Task 2.
1. p 2. t 3. q 4. r 5. p
Task 3.
5 3
1. 1 2. 3. – 4 4. 3 5.
3 2
Assessment:
1. a 2. a 3. d 4. b 5. c

V. REFLECTION / COMMENTS / SUGGESTIONS

Summing up what I learned in my journey through this lesson:

I learned that
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I realized that
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VI. REFERENCES
Mathematics 8 Learner’s Module, pp. 183-186
G. C. Nivera, Grade 8 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities, pp. 203-207. Don Bosco
Press

Prepared by:

GINA L. QUIROS
Teacher II
RAMON B> FELIPE SR. NHS

Quality Assured by:

CESCIL C. PAREDES RHODORA D. ALCANTARA

Subject Coordinator Academic Coordinator

WILLIAM B. LOPEZ
School Head

RO_Mathematics 8_Q1_LP5