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WATER USE
Water Use in KSA
Published on June 28, 2021
Photo 1: Aerial view of centre-pivot irrigation in KSA. (Source: hamza82, Flickr)
Contents
The total water demands in KSA increased from 19.2 BCM to 24.6 BCM between 2011 and 2015.{1)
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mmm Agricultural
sme Industrial
ms Urban
Figure: Water sectoral demands in KSA 3]
RE Urb2n NE Incustrial MN Agricultura! NN Total water demand
25,000
20,000
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Urban water use
Urban water use in KSA in 2019 was 3,493 MCM/yr, of which 2,897.5 MCM/yr was consumed by
the domestic sector and 595.4 MCM/yr by the commercial sector. The main sources of urban water
are desalination and groundwater.{5]
As shown in Figure 3, 35% (1,237 MCM) of the total urban demand in 2019 was obtained from
groundwater abstraction and 65% (2,256 MCM) from desalination [6]
ME Desalinated water MN Groundwater I Total
3,500
3,000
2,500
. | |
2007 2010 2015 2019
Figure 3: Urban water use in KSA between 2007 and 2019,(7]
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Map 1: Regional urban water demand in KSA, @Fanack water
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Agricultural water use
The agricultural sector accounts for nearly 72% of the total water use in KSA but makes up only
2.2% of GDP. Of all the water used in agriculture, 90% is supplied by groundwater aquifers.[8]
The total arable land is estimated at 36,470 km?, which makes up about 1.63% of the total area of
the country. Modern irrigation systems, such as drip or sprinkler irrigation, cover about 67.6% of
the total irrigated area, while the remaining 34.4% is irrigated using traditional surface irrigation
systems.
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Tabuk, Eastern and Qassim, more than 95% of irrigation relies on deep non-renewable
groundwater as the main water source. Almost all agricultural areas are dependent on the pumping
of deep groundwater for irrigation, which is challenging and costly.(9]
— References
[1] Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, 2018. National Water Strategy 2030.
[2] Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, 2019. Statistical book: Year 2019 (1440-
1441),
[3] Ibid,
[4] Ibid,
[5] Ibid,
[6] Ibid,
7] Ibid
{8] Ghanim, AA, 2019. Water resources crisis in Saudi Arabia, challenges and possible
management options: An analytic review. World Academy of Science, Engineering and
Technology International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering 13(2).
[9] Ibid,
Related Topics
Saudi-Arabia | Water Use Agriculture
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