Important Questions fr GATE 2022 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING India’s Best Institute for IES, GATE & PSUs Day 2 of 8 Q.26 - Q.50 (Out of 200 Questions) Power Systems SUBJECT-WISE WEIGHTAGE ANALYSIS OF GATE SYLLABUS Subject Average % (last 5 yrs) Reasoning, Aptitude & English 1334% eee Engineering Mathematics 1235% Electrical Machines 170% Power Systems 12.38% Control Systems Bsa Power Electronics 9.05% Electric Circuits 870% Signals & Systems 775% Analog Electronics 455% Digital Electronics, 4.00% Electrical & Electronic Measurements 3.34% Electromagnetic Fields 4.00% Total 100%Important Questions fAMADE ERs MADE EASY for (ANIETYFA | EE Q.26 A load is absorbing 150 MW power at 0.75 lagging power factor, and an overexcited synchronous motor is added to improve the pf to 0.95 lag. This motor consumes 100 kW. ‘Then the reactive VARs supplied by the motor is. MVAR Give answer upto3 decimals) Q.27 The total susceptance and total reactance of a lossless overhead EHV line, operating at 50 Hz are given by 14 p.u. and 0.025 p.u. respectively. The approximate length of the line is (The velocity of wave propagation is 3 10° km/s) (a) 146.4 km (b) 178.6 km (©) 162.6 km (4) 1521 km Q.28 Two generators rated 200 MW and 400 MW are operating in parallel. The droop characteristics of their governors are 4% and 5%, respectively from no-load to full load. Assuming that generators are operating at 50 Hz at no load. If a load of 600 MW is to be shared between the two generators then the system frequency in steady state is, Hz. Q.29 A 100/5 A bar primary current transformer supplies an overcurrent relay set at 25% pick up and it has a burden of 5 VA. The secondary voltage is v. Q.30 A 3-core, 3-phase metal sheathed cable had a capacitance of 0.8 UF between shorted conductors and sheath, capacitance between two conductors shorted with the sheath and the third conductor is 0.4 uF. Then the capacitance (in F) between any two conductors is (a) 01 (b) 0.2667 (©) 0.0666 (d) 0.1333 Q.31 A single core cable 1 km long has a core diameter of 0.4 cm and diameter under sheath 1.6 cm ‘The relative permittivity of the insulating material is 4. The power factor on open circuit is 0.08 and the supply voltage is 11 kV, 50 Hz. Then the dielectric loss is (a) 80.7W (b) 488.28 W (© 1614W (a) 20147 W Q.32_ A balanced star connected load takes 100 A froma balance 3 - 4, 4-wire supply. The symmetrical components of the line currents Iggy Igy and Ig, are respectively (a) 0, 100 and 0 (b) 100, 0 and 0 (©) 0, 100 and 100 (4) 100, 100 and 100 Q.33 A three-phase, 400 V/11 KV, Y-A connected transformer is protected by differential protection scheme. The CTs on the LV side have a current ratio of 1000/5. The CTs ratio on the HV side is Q.34_ Ina string of three identical suspension insulator units supporting a transmission line conductor. If the self capacitance of each unit is denoted as C farad. The capacitance of each conductor pin to ground can be taken as 0.15 C farads. If the maximum permissible voltage per unit is 20 kV. Then the string efficiency (in percentage) is reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 ocopyight aoeeasy Page T oe eeEIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE Q.35 Q36 For the system shown in below figure, all quantities are per phase values and are in per unit. If magnitude of voltage at bus-2 is 1 p.u, then the reactive power supplied by the capacitor, Qeais pu. (Answer upto three decimals) Sex! 2 be. IL s TT Spretie 2-05 Sonetep For the power system shown below, specification of the components are as follows: G, = 11kV, 40 MVA, X=5% kV 33kV T, = 3ggy 80 MVA, X= 10%; = Tey 80 MVA, X= 10% {, = T1kV, 40 MVA, X = 5% Line reactance, X = 50 ‘The reactance diagram on base MVA = 80 MVA is ealenr4itg = " jor jars @ 0.0 01 73.306 jor = () jo0s jos * j01 j0d ° © joa jon - 01 (73.673 jor - | am —| (@) jo jon reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 coprightaoceasy Page2 oc a ccoImportant Questions EIMBPE FASy for CEINIZELEFA | EE Q.37 There are three generators connected in parallel. For each generator positive, negative and zero sequence reactance are 0.5 p.u., 0.4 p.u. and 0.25 p.u. respectively. For a pre-fault voltage of 1.0 p.u,, the single line to ground fault current magnitude if fault is occurred at terminals of generators is pu. Give answer upto 3 decimals). A @— +Q— O— Q.38 A 50 Hz synchronous generator is connected to an infinite bus through a line. The per unit reactances of the generator and the line are j0.3 p.u. and j0.2 p.u. respectively. The generator no load voltage is 1.1 p.u. and that the infinite bus is 1.0 p.u. The inertia constant of the generator is 3 MW-sec/MVA. If the generator is loaded to 60% ofits maximum power transfer capacity and a small perturbation is given, then the resulting natural frequency of oscillations is Hz, or a4 2.39 In the system shown below, 4005 pu of “| @« | | Spy 715415 pa. Sy9"25 4715p If the station loads are equalized by the flow of power in the cable and generator G, can generate a maximum of 20 p.u. real power, then the power factor at station 2 is. lagging. (Desired voltage profile is flat ie. |V,| = 1V,] =1 pw.) Q40 A 112-bus power system has 91 PQ buses and 20 PV buses. In the general case, to obtain the load flow solution using Newton-Raphson method in polar co-ordinates, the minimum number of simultaneous equations to be solved are (a) 224 (b) 204 (©) 202 (A) 206 Q41_A generator of negligible resistance having 1 p.u. voltage behind transient reactance is subjected to different types of faults when its neutral is solidly grounded. Type of fault Resulting fault current in p.u. L-L 2pu. L-G 3 pu. ‘Then the value of zero sequence reactance (in p.u) is Q42 A 100 MVA, 50 Hz synchronous generator having inertia constant H = 5 KW-s/KVA on full load at unity power factor. The load is suddenly reduced to 60 MW. Due to time lag in governor system, the steam valve begins to close after 0.5 second, The change in frequency that occurs in this time is Hz. reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 copright aoceasy Pages oe eeEIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE Q43_ For the 4-bus system, containing transmission lines and transformers, the admittance matrix is -j20 j20 0 «0 720 -j60 400 Yus=| 0 40 -j60 20 0 0 j20 725, Ifa transmission line having t-equivalent circuit as shown below is connected between 2™ and 4 buses. Then the modified ¥,,,, matrix will be jo. Where, Z, ‘cries impedance of transmission line. Y,, = shunt admittance of transmission line. =j20 j20 0 0 -j20 j2 0 0 j20 -j50 j40 0 j20 -j40 j40 0 fa) | 0 j40 joo j20 (e)| 0 j40. joo j20 0 0 720 =/15, 0 =j20 720-15. =j20 j20 0 0 =j20 j20 0 0 20 -j50 j40 ~j20 j20 -j40 j40 ~j20 fo | 0 j40 joo j20 (a)| 0 j40 jo j20 0 =j20 20-75 0 =j20 20-75 Q44 A 50 Hz generator is delivering 60% of power that it is capable of delivering through a transmission line to an infinite bus. A fault occurs that increases the reactance between the generator and the infinite bus to 400% of the value before the fault. When fault is isolated, the maximum power that can be delivered is 75% of the original maximum value. For this condition critical clearing angle (in degrees) is (a) 67.33° (b) 54.17° (0) 36.86° (A) 51.32° Q45_ Three 6.6 kV, 3-4, 10 MVA alternators are connected to a common bus. Each alternator has a positive, negative and zero sequence reactances as 0.15 p.tt, 0.1 pa, 0.05 p.u. respectively. A single line to ground fault occurs at point F, as shown in figure below. £ J, is the fault current when all the alternator neutrals solidly grounded. I/ is the fault current when only one neutral is solidly grounded and other two neutrals are isolated. Then the value Day2 : Q.26-0.50 Scopihcanocensy Pages oc ccoEIMBPE FASy for CEINIZELEFA | EE Q46 Qa7 Q48 Consider a system with the one-line diagram shown in below figure, The three phase transformer name plate ratings are listed. The transformer reactances are given in percent, (10% = 0.1 pn). The transmission line and load impedances are in actual ohms. The generator terminal voltage (magnitude) is 13.2 kV (line-line) then the load voltage is KV. j000 382kV Suva 10MVA an ay 13.2/132kV 138/69 KV X42 10% 78% For the Y-bus matrix of a 4-bus system given in per unit, the buses which do not have shunt elements are 525 2 0 y.-(22 225 fus=i] 1 9 4 05 4 9 (a) Sand 4 (b) 2and 3 (©) only2 (4) only 4 A two bus system is as shown below, Oo) mm Corresponding Z-bus matrix is Z = 0.5 j0.5 J05 j45 If the line between bus 1 and bus 2 is replaced with another line having reactance j2, then modified Z,,, is (a) [108 325 ©) [its ns jOS 25 j0S j25, JOS. j25 0.5 j05 © [jes jas (4) [jos jas reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 ocoprightaoceasy Pages oe eeImportant Questions EIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE Q.49 A DC distributor has 0.25 Q resistance per 1000 meters, the voltage at the point A to maintain 500 V at point D, will be A 100m 8 150m 150m 2 130A = 204 (a) 506.5.V (b) 5104V (©) 4726V (d) 491.6 V Q.50 A three phase fault occurs at the point as shown in figure : 105 pa —*—| i025 pa 70.05 pu © 04 pu M=120 The generator is delivering 1.0 pu power at the instant preceding the fault, The value of critical clearing angle for clearing the fault with simultaneous opening of the breakers 1 and 2 is (a) Pre-fault operating power angle is 323°. (b) During fault power transfer from source to infinite bus is zero. (©) Post-fault transfer reactance is 0.8 pu. (A) Critical clearing angle is 55.8° reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 ocoprightaoceasy Pages oc ccoImportant Questions for CEINISELYFA | EE | 82954 MVAR | Without Synchronous motor: Q = S,sin dy 150 eos = Rsineos 0.75) Q, = 13229 MVAR With Synchronous moto Q, = Sysind, = 150404 6 (cos*0.95) 095 Q = 4933 MVAR VAR supplied by motor 27. (b) Q,- Q, = 82954 MVAR Let base impedance = Z, X iq) = 0.025 Zy -i4 Yo * Z, Assuming inductance of line, I, H/km and capacitance as C F/km. x Velocity of propagation is, 1 °* Vic 5 1 3x10 = 7 ol“ alZ, Length of the fine, | = QOB XDA 3710" 17565 boy 20x50 reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 ocoprightaoceasy Page7 oe eeEIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE 28. 47.69 (47.00 to 48.00) DOMWANOMWPewnin) 50-f _ 50-48 x 200 001 x +f = 50 eli) 50-f _ 50-475 and 600-x 50 -f = 375-625 * 107 x 6.25 x 10 x -f = -46.25 x = 230.77 MW From equation (i), (0.01 x 230.77) + f = 50 f = 47.69 Hz 29. (a) The relay current setting = 25% ‘The relay operates at a current of = 025 *5=125A ‘The VA burden on the relay is, VA=5 5 = «125 * v= 4v. 30. (c) When all conductors are shorted, reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 ocoprightacceasy Pages CO clEIMBPE FASy for CEINIZELEFA | EE A & fs - & Sheath : 08 uF G Seer = 0.2667 uF When two conductors shorted with sheath Sheath Cas = 2Ce# Cy + Capacitance between two conductors shorted with sheath and the third conductor is, Wet Cy, * 2C.4C, = 04 20, + 02667 = 0.4 a1.) Capacitance of the cable, C= 16 wF/km. Power factor on open circuit cos 6 = 0.08 4} = cost! (0.08) = 85.41° c. Dielectric loss anlge, 5 = 90° - $5.41° = 4.59° 5 Dielectric loss = wCV? tan = 2m * 50 x 0.16 x 10x (11 x 10%)? x tan 4.59° = 488.28 W reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 copyight aoceasy Page? nn nn co an oyEIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE 10020°A 1002-240°A 100Z-120°A le ee eo = lla thy +1) iy - to0z0° + 100.2240" + 1002120" =0A » oa 7 - lle + aly + °F) - Fanozoe + (1Z120°)(1002 ~ 120°) + (12240°)(1002 ~ 240°) = 100A Tao = alle thy + aly] = Reaoo0- + (1.2240°)(100.2-120") + (12120°)(1002 ~ 240°)) = 0 A, 33, 4.2 (4.1 to 4.3) In order to circulating currents in the relay are in the phase opposition. The CTs on the star connected low voltage side of the transformer should be connected in delta and CTs on the delta connected HV side of the transformer should be connected in star. Let the currents on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers be I,, and I, respectively. Then, 3x 400xI,, = v3 x11000x I,) Tig qygla For, I, = 1000 4 400 f= 70% a Am Since the CTs on the low side are connected in delta, the current through the secondary of the CT is 5 A (in phase) and the current through the pilot wire will be 5V3 A. 400 a8) Hence, the CT ratio on HV side = 2 34. 82.0 (61.5 to 825) Number of units,» = 3 Ratio of shunt capacitance to mutual capacitance, Voltage across bottom most unit, safe working voltage of the unit = 20 kV reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 coprisht:Maneeasy Page 10 oc ccoEIMBPE FASy for CEINIZELEFA | EE So voltage across top most unit, vy 20 20 143K+K? 143(0.15)+(0.15)? 1.4725 We Y (13.58 kV) (1 + 0.15) = 15.617 kV Maximum safe working voltage of the string, VE Vy tVytV, 13.58 + 15.617 + 20 49.197 KV String efficiency = a *100 = 227 100 = 81.995 = 82% v 35. 0.268 (0.200 to 0.300) Since active power demand at bus-2 is 1 p.u. only S,, can supply real power to the load at bus- 2. So this real power should flow in the transmission line from bus-1 to bus-2 complex power flowing from bus-1 to bus-2, 5,» Sin = Valin V, = voltage at bus-1 T,, = current through transmission line from bus-1 to bus-2 Sia > Valin Valin I, = Current flowing through transmission line from bus-2 to bus-1 12 -30°-120° Sy = 12-309] “ [ jos ] 22-30" [12-120° - 12-90}* 22-308 [12120° ~ 1290"] reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 > copwisht:Mapeeasy Page 17 ce oe eeEIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE 90° - 260° The reactive power supplied by capacitor, Qeq = 2sin 90°] - 2 sin 60° = 2-V3 = 0.268 pu. 36. (d) (MVA)neve ,. (kV)ata ea) CAVA) (kV Few We know that, (Zu new For G, and M,: For line: Cae 8 136150 ) vy 3 Actual value __50 Base value 13.6125 = [3.673 pu 1 736 joa joa joa 37. 7.058 (7.043 to 7.061) Positive sequence reactance diagram: reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 > coprisht:Maneeasy Page 12 CO clEIMBPE FASy for CEINIZELEFA | EE = 38. 1.53 (1.25 to 1.75) Natural frequency of oscillations is, EMI. | ip lain Page Sit 5y = sin (0.6) = 36.87° = P, cos 6, = ggcost8687°) = 1.76 pu. 176 .62 rad/sec 53 Hz nS On reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 > coprisht:Mapeeasy Page 13 kolkata | Patnafamap for (TNISFLYFA | EE 39. 0.78 (0.75 to 0.80) By equalizing the station, Pa, = Poy =20 pu. lel x1, Now, 5 = x 88 = Tag siNs 3 = 447 Pepa. Q.= 0604 pu, PY ao sjisco) o@ |» | -@« too (5+i5)pu. — @54715) pu. : og = Mills -Mi -osep ‘Total load on station 2 = (25 + j15) + (-5 + j0.6344) = (20 + 715.6344) =i 15.6344 Power factor of station 2 cor tan ( 20 } = 078 lagging 40. Minimum number of equations = 2n ~ m2 2012) - 20-2 202 41, 0.134 (0.12 to 0.14) . N3-E Line to line fault current [I] = 5x 3 + Xp 3 2° +X X+X, = ¥ pu. Line to ground fault current 4+ Xa +Xq 3 3° X4Xp aX * X,+X, +X) =1 X, = 1-(%, +X) reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 coprisht:Maneeasy Page 14 on Cee ec] oe eTEIMBPE FASy for CEINIZELEFA | EE 44, Zero sequence reactance,X,= 0.134 p.u, 1.0 (0.95 to 1.05) ‘The rating of the machine, G Inertia constant, H 100 MVA 5 kW-s/KVA = 5KJ/KVA =5 MJ/MVA Kinetic energy stored in the rotating parts of generator and turbine at synchronous speed (f= 50 Hz) =HG =5 100 = 500 MJ Excess power input to the generator shaft before the steam valve begins to close, = 100 - 60 = 40 MW Excess energy transferred to rotating parts in 0.5 sec = 40x 0.5 = 20 MJ Since, Kinetic energy, KE. « (speed)? « 2 So, frequency at the end of 0.5 sec ‘f,{_Total energy stored in 05 see A, = JV Energy stored at synchronous speed [50020 = = 50 x 1.02 = 51 H: f= 305 2 Change in frequency = fy~ f, 51 50=1Hz © Only Yor Yoy Yggy Yqq will change because transmission line is connected between 2"! and 4 buses. —j60+ 2 4 Mm Yo = “i604 7-47} 1, = 460+ 55 +20 = 60 — 710 + 20 = 60 You Yog = Yq O--Gt= —)20 1 Yon 1 . Vy = RSE ZAP = —]25+ TT + 120 = 5-10 4 20 -j15 b) Given, before fault, 06 P,,, = P,,; sind, 2 8) = 36.86° (or) 0.643 radian During fault, 2 7 0.25 Py as Xp = AX, reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 > coprisht Mapeeasy Page 15 oe eeEIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE P,, 5 = 0.75 P,, (given) ~ 10-28) O75P 1 = 126.86° (or) 2.214 radian Pe(Bgnax ~ 8p) + Pyi3 C058 yy ~ Pyg C058 Pa — Pia 0.6Pyp [2.214 ~ 0.643] + 0.75P yy C08(126.86) ~ 0.25P, c05(36.86) 0.75P yy —0.25Py 0.6(2.214 — 0.643) + 0.75c0s(126.86) - 0.25c0s(36.86) 0.75 -0.25 Since, 585 = 54,2" cos 8, 8 45. 6.512 (6.40 to 6.60) Let base MVA be 10 MVA and base kV be 6.6 kV 10x10° * Base current = 5° ¢¢ = 874.77 Amp when all the 3 alternators are solidly grounded, oO Gs * 0.05 + j0.0333 + j0.0166 ~/30« 874.77 = ~j26243.1 Amp when only one alternator neutral is solidly grounded and the others are isolated. reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 > coprisht Mapeeasy Page 16 CO clfaMADE Ease for CEINIZELEFA | EE Fault F current 70.05 + 70.033 + j0.05 ~ 7722-55 pu. j22.55 « 874.77 =j19731.65 Amp |ip 14] = |-26.243+ j19.734] = 6.512 kA 46. 58.93 (58.0 to 60.0) 5MVA 10MvA a-¥ a 13/132kv 138/60kV ® ® a, . nw QO 8 Boa 8 Bune Xp= 10% xan 8% Let, Ske = 10 MVA, Vane = 13.8 kV Base impedance at section-3, (69x10? = SS = 476.12 Za vwe “010° 300 Zsa = 764 7 9:63 Pat Base impedance at section-2, z _ (138x108)? hee 10 x10% 100 = 1904.4. (0.0525 p.u, 1904. 132)? | 10 Xn (row) = oax( 122) xp 70.183 pu. Xy = 0.08 pu. 132 Tap 70956 pu reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 coprisht:waneeasy Page 17 oyEIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE joss 70.0525 jo.08 0956 pu 063 pu 0.63 Vi = 0956% 0753 + 0.055 + 0.08) +083 Vi pay = 0.956% 8 = 0.854 Lea) Voltage at load = Vs yu) * Vs gase 0.854 x 69 kV 58.926 kV 47. (d) ‘To have a shunt element ie. Yo, Yao Yoo OF Hyp Yn = thot tho * Yas * Ys = Yio = Yar “Mia Yas ~ Yaa Vg = 5+ 25+240=-0540 Yao = -05 +. shunt element is present Yon ~ Yaa ~ Yaa Yaa “9+ 254145=-05 15 Yoo Yoo Yao = Yas~ Via ~ Yas ~ Yas = -9424144=-2 Yaa = ~2 Yao = Yas~ Yia@ Yas Yo 9404544 Yao = 0 Only bus 4 is not having shunt element. 48. (d) Existing system and bus matrix is 12 a5 he 2 J0.5 j05 om | G05 545 Modifying line with reactance j2 is equivalent to adding a line in parallel with impedance j4. ‘Thus it is type-4 modification. reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 copyright Maneeasy Page 18 CO clEamane EASY for CINTSFL-YFA | EE subtract yey = 4 2column —__[Transpose] = +2 ~ 202 +2) comm first column fies js] (ouslaew = [its jas) jo5sja5=2g05+7a|—j4 Ul? ~i4] j05 jO5]_1fo 0 = |j05 j45} js|o -16 _ [" ie ° ‘6 jos jas\jo _ 333] as jos jO5 jas-2E “| j0.5 j25. Alternative New system will @ @ ps he First branch : 7) ver Z = [05] ‘Type ~ 2 modification 2 @ os he 05 705 ]_[j05 jo. Z=Vios jo5+j2|" jos j25 reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 © copyightiManeeasy Page 19 coe ae an Bhubaneswar |EIMBPE FASy for CEIMIAELEFA | EE A 100m 8 150m ¢ 150m D 1=50A =20A ‘The resistance of line = 0.25 @ per 1,000 meters. Resistance of section AB, Ry = 025% 1% = 00250 Resistance of section BC=Resistance of section CD 150 Rye = Rep = 025% 1% = 00375 0 Given, 1, = 50A,1,=20 A and, =40A Voltage at D, Vy = 400V Voltage at C, Vz = Vp + hcp 500 + 40(0.0375) = 501.5 V Vet (+ W)Rc SOLS + 60 x 0.0375 503.75 Vy4 (hth td )Ray 503.75 + (40 + 20 + 50) x 0.025 = 506.5 V Voltage at B, y, Voltage at A, 50. (b,c, d) Before fault : 05x04 05+04 0522 pu LEM + X= +0.05 X= _ 12x1,, 0.522 8, = 258° During fault : No power is transferred. Py = 0 ind = sin 8 Post fault : x 0.25 +0.05 +0.5=08 12x10 08 = 15 sind sind ae Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 > caprigtsMnoeersy Page 20 CO clfaMADE Ease for CEINIZELEFA | EE P=1.0 pu| ‘The maximum permissible angle : i 5 ] 1 5 z 258° = 0.45 rad Pr(By ~ 85) 1 @,,- 0.45) = 7 (Pay ~ Pr) a8 ae ag = J (15sind-1)d8 a = [-15cos8-3* = 15.cos6,, +3,,- 1293 = 15 cos 6, +6, - 1293 = 2888 os62 "15 7" By, = 55.8° o_o reece Day2 : Q.26-Q.50 > copwisht:Mapeeasy Page2T kolkata | Patna