Social network report

Gephi:
Gephi is free software that may be used to visualize and analyze networks. Data analysts can use
it to highlight outliers, expose patterns and trends easily, and generate stories with their data. To
speed up research and display big graphs in real-time, it makes use of a 3D render engine.
Gephi blends internal features with adaptable architecture to:

• explore
• analyze
• spatialize
• filter
• cluster
• manipulate
• export
all types of networks.
Gephi is built on a visualize-and-manipulate paradigm that makes it possible for anyone to learn
about networks and data properties. Additionally, it is built to flow like a case study, from data
file to lovely printable maps. Additionally, real-time visualization is possible.
Profit from the quickest graph visualization engine to quicken the process of comprehending
and finding patterns in massive graphs. Gephi is pushing the limits of how interactive and
effective network investigation can be thanks to its ad hoc OpenGL engine.

• Networks up to 100,000 nodes and 1,000,000 edges

• Iterate through visualization using dynamic filtering
• Rich tools for meaningful graph manipulation
Introducing to Gephi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFBkAO HYPERLINK
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFBkAO1MjnU"1 HYPERLINK
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFBkAO1MjnU"MjnU

The user interface is structured into Workspaces, where separate work can be done, and a
powerful plugin system is currently developed. Great attention has been taken to the
extensibility of the software. An algorithm, filter or tool can be easily added to the program, with
little programming experience. Sets of nodes or edges can be obtained manually or by using the
filter system. Filters can select nodes or edges with thresholds, range, and other properties. In
practice filter boxes are chained, each box takes in input the output of the upper box. Thus, it is
easy to divide a bi-partite network or to get the nodes that have an in-degree superior to 5 and
the property” type” set to ”1”. Because the usefulness of a network analysis often comes from
the data associated to nodes/edges, ordering and clustering can be processed according to
these values. With
Figure graphical modules like Size Gradient, Color Gradient or Color clusters can then be applied
to change the network design. Graphical modules take a set of nodes in input and modify the
display parameters, like colors or size, to corroborate understanding of the network structure or
content. Though networks can be explored in an interactive way with the visualization module, it

Gephi User Interface:

Overview:
Workspaces: The workspace is a complete environment for exploring a single graph.

Graph window: Graph rendered on the center and tools on the sides.

Tools:
• Select Highlight nodes under the cursor.

• Edge selection color Incoming links are colored differently than outgoing links.
 • Heatmap Set color intensity on a node neighborhood, by the distance.

• Multiple select Nodes are selected under the rectangle.

• Shortest path Display the shortest path if exist between two clicked nodes.

Layout:
Layout algorithms give the shape to the graph. Gephi provides state of the algorithm’s layout
algorithms, for both efficiency and quality. The layout palette allows user to change layout settings while
running and therefore dramatically increase user feedback and experience.
Ranking:
Right-click on the window to display the ranked list of nodes or edges then Set numerical
attributes to distribute node/edge colors, sizes, label colors and label sizes.

Partition :
Node or edge grouping on attribute or computed metric. A color is assigned to each group, and
can be changed by right-clicking on the window , It can be done in the form of a Group List or
Pie chart.
Group List:

Pie chart:

Statistics/metrics :
Run metrics and save reports in HTML. Node and edge computed results are available as
attributes.
Timeline :
Move left and right cursors to filter the graph on time intervals. The timeline opens
automatically when you open a dynamic network. Enable the timeline to set the time interval.
Drag the bounds of the interval using your mouse.

Filters :
A library of filters is available to combine. Drag the filter to build
the query, and then set the parameters visually. Finally apply the query output to select
elements or to filter them. When filtering is activated, changes appear in real time.
Context :
Display the number of nodes and edges, the type of the graph and the percentage of visible
nodes.

Edit :
View and edit the attributes of a selected node.
Data Laboratory :
Show node and edge attributes in a table, which also allows for dynamic filtering and data
visualization in tables.

Visualization :
Refinement on rendering of nodes, edges and labels.
Preview Settings :
Customizable visuals for vectorial export, which may be saved as presets.

Layout:
Graphs are given their shape by layout algorithms. Gephi offers cutting-edge layout algorithms
that are high in both efficiency and quality. The Layout palette allows for layout parameters to
be changed while the program is running, greatly improving user feedback and experience.
• Force-based algorithms
• Optimize for graph readability
Metrics:
The statistics and metrics framework offer the most common metrics for social network analysis
(SNA) and scale-free networks.

• Betweenness Centrality, Closeness, Diameter, Clustering Coefficient, PageRank

• Community detection (Modularity)
• Random generators
• Shortest path
Gephi Features:
Overview:
Gephi is used in real-time visualization of data network, layout algorithm and customization,
metrics and statistics,

Main features of Gephi are:

• Real-time Visualization
• Built-in Rendering Engine
• Native File Formats Support
• Layout Algorithm
• Metrics and Statistics
• Data Laboratory
• Dynamic Filtering
• Data Import and Export
• Plugins Center

Real-time Visualization of Data Network

Gephi offers real-time visualization of your data and connections. This is useful for pattern
recognition, especially in large graphs. You can also add and alter 100,000 nodes and 1,000,000
edges which makes the app a good fit if you are analyzing large chunks of data.

Layout Algorithm and Customization

Gephi also allows you to customize the layout of your graph. The app has a layout algorithm
that automatically takes your data input, connects them to each other, and arranges them in a
certain form or shape. The algorithm is designed in a way that optimizes the shape for graph
readability. Nonetheless, if you want to transform it into another shape, you can easily change it
through the settings.

Metrics and Statistics

Having a metrics system and statistics framework helps you examine data faster and deeper. It
has metrics for social network analysis (SNA) such as closeness, betweenness centrality,
clustering coefficient, diameter, modularity, PageRank, and shortest path. These metrics provide
you with a more meaningful graphical representation and a better understanding of your data. It
also has a data laboratory that utilizes an Excel-like interface to store, search, and manipulate
your data. Those who have had experience in spreadsheets will find the data laboratory easy to
use.

Data Export
With Gephi, you can export your data and network representation to PNG, PDF, or SVG formats.
You can also preview your data using the vectorial preview module before exporting. The app
also allows you to save presets, which your work efficiency. To expand your knowledge on data
analysis software, check this article on the right tool for gathering, processing, gaining insights.

Networks over time (Timeline):

Gephi is at the cutting edge of dynamic graph analysis innovation. Users can manipulate the
embedded timeline to see how a network changes over time.

• Import temporal graph with the GEXF file format

• Run metrics over time (clustering coefficient)
• Graph streaming ready

A dynamic filtering

With Gephi, it is possible to filter a network to choose the nodes and the sections from the
architecture of the network. In addition, its intuitive user interface allows real-time dynamic
filtering. Source: Gephi You will also be able to:

• Formulate complex filter queries without necessarily using scripts

• Build new networks from the filter result
• Save your favorite queries

A Data Table and Edition

Another advantage of Gephi is that the tool has a built-in Excel-like data lab for easy
manipulation of columns of data. Source: Gephi Essentially, Gephi’s data table allows you to:

• Find and replace data

• Customize and merge columns
• Modify data in bulk
Gephi Plugins

Gephi also has a regularly updated library of plugins. Here you will find plugins offered by an
active community of Gephi developers. These plugins are useful for extending the functionality
of the tool.

Create cartography:
To make the network representation relevant, use ranking or partitioning data. To make the
network depiction make sense, alter the colors, sizes, or labels. Before investigating in SVG or
PDF, you may make the last adjustments and consider aesthetics using the vectorial preview
tool.
• Customizable PDF, SVG and PNG export
• Save presets
Input/Output:
Gephi can import relational databases and most graph file formats, in addition to CSV.

• Spreadsheet import wizard

• Database import
• Save/Load project files

Advantages of Gephi:
• Extremely Fast: It is built using the OpenGL engine. So Gephi allows us to with very
large networks with very high speed. It can visualize networks up to a million
elements. All the actions such as layout, filter, and drag run in real-time.
 • Simple: It is very easy to install and get started with. It is best known for its window
interface. It has a very easy interface to use and is filled with handy tools
• Modular: The Gephi software is split up into different modules. All its features are
wrapped into separated modules. Each module provides a specific function, which
makes the maintenance of the software a lot easier.
• Easy Data Import: The data import process is very easy in CSV format .
•
Disadvantages of Gephi:

• There is absolutely no linking between views.

• There are a few visual glitches
• The navigation of the Graph can be improved.
•
Applications of Gephi:

• It is used in exploratory data analysis and makes analysis by manipulating the

networks in real-time.
• It is used to represent patterns of biological data.
• It is used to create posters and promote scientific work using high-quality maps that
are printable too.

Users Review:
________________________________________________________________________________

Gephi Demo:
1. File > New project
2. Data Laboratory > Import Data > nodes.csv [Import as Nodes table]
3. Then importing Edges table
4. Select the color of nodes and edges, then select the Layout
5. Graph Visualization