Republic of the Philippines of Education

Region I
Schools Division of Ilocos Norte
CAESTEBANAN NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL
Brgy. 14 Sinamar, Banna Ilocos Norte

ADAPTATION OF GRADE 12 STUDENTS ON THE FACE-TO-FACE LEARNING

MODALITY

Lheonard B. Agpalsin
Geniebie D. Gajete
Mhel Brixton A. Manzano
Charity A. Ugot
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

There have been many changes in the world, society, and the environment over the last few

years. However, there is one thing that never loses its significance and usefulness, that is the

education. The only thing that parents can offer their children that cannot be taken away by

anyone, making it a priceless treasure. It is the secret to each learner’s success in the job they

have chosen.

According to Juma (2020) , one of life’s greatest influences is education. Understanding the

world around us, the world inside of us, and our place in it is made possible through education

and learning. A device that dismantles every obstruction. It is an essential component of every

development and growth, both personally and socially because anything can be learnt and

everything is conceivable. Everything that is positive in our world now revolves on education.

Without it, we wouldn’t have advancements in subjects like psychology, mathematics, or

education.

Unknowingly , disaster struck in the year 2019 when the virus swept throughout the entire

planet, forcing even schools to close their doors for the protection of the future hope of the

world, the children. The coronavirus that began the year 2019 has its roots in the Chinese, City
of Wuhan. According to Merriam Webster, Covid-19 is a mild to severe respiratory illness that is

caused by a coronavirus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 of the genus

Betacoronavirus), is transmitted chiefly by contact with infectious material (such as respiratory

droplets) or with objects or surfaces contaminated by the causative virus, and is characterized

especially by fever, cough, and shortness of breathe and may progress to pneumonia and

respiratory failure. The Covid-19 pandemic resulted in a worldwide disruption such as travel

ban, closure of schools and global economic departure.

To slow the spread of the virus and cut down on infections, the majority of nations

worldwide temporarily closed their educational institutions (Tria, 2022). The school has also

stopped allowing students and teachers to interact face-to-face. The Philippines is currently in

the process of adjusting to the new normal form of education, and the success of this process

depends on educators’s ongoing innovations and the active participation of other stakeholders.

The Department of Education implemented Modular Distance Learning to maintain continuity

in education and ensure that every school continues to fulfill its mission and vision, which is to

offer high-quality instructions to every Filipino learners.

Distance learning is a method of delivering education in which the teacher and the students

interact while they are physically separated during instruction. There are three variations of this

modality: TV/radio – based instructions, online distance learning 2020 (Quinones).

 In a particular form of learning delivery system known as distance learning, a remote

students with their instructor. The most typical sort of DL in our country are MDL’s. 8.8 million

parents backed MDL, according to a DepEd poll, therefore it is already in use in every public

school, the preferred method of remote learning for parents of young children. The academic

year’s enrollment is learning via printed modules. Students in rural places inadequate Internet

connectivity and a lack of access to online education are also taken into consideration. The

learning competencies that students should develop are part of SLM. A test is also included to

evaluate the students past knowledge of the subject. It incorporates training or research to

assist students. Make connections between the current session and previous ones. There’s a

place where you might get details about the new lesson. A session report and separate practice

exercises are also included. It offers exercises to help students gauge their success in achieving

the learning competency. It consists of a lesson-related activity intended to increase the

learner’s understanding of abilities.

The final component of the module contains the outcomes of every activity. By employing

modules, instructors encourage students to learn on their own schedule. One benefit of using

modules for training is improved self-study or study skills. The basics of the subject are actively

taught to students. Their perception of accountability by carrying out the tasks for the module,

improving independent learning with little instruction when there is no outside support.
 The teacher is able to monitor the progress of the kids. Students are able to converse via

email, text message, or IM chat with the teacher. Whenever possible, the teacher should visit

youngsters who require home correction or support. Guardians and parents receive printed

modules once a week from their kids teachers. By the end of the week, they finished every task

and got their grades.

The teacher is in charge of keeping track of the students’ development. The teachers can be

reached by email, messenger, or chat. Whenever possible, the students who need help or

remediation should have an instructor visit them at home. Alternately parents receive printed

modules from the teachers of the students. When week is over, students were expected to

complete all of the assignments and submit. Because education is no longer limited to the

classroom, parents are increasingly working as educators alongside instructors.

The MDL is assisting the DepEd in adjusting to the changing standard in education and the

ongoing demands on educators. Its motivating factors are innovation and active involvement

with other parties success.

August of the year 2022 saw the implementation of conventional face-to-face instruction,

which offers chances for active involvement, instant feedback, and the socio-emotional growth

of learners.
 The purpose of this study is to ascertain how students of Senior Highschool at Caestebanan

National Highschool have adapted to the face-to-face learning mode.

Statement of Need

This study aims to determine the adaptation of Senior High students in the back of face-to-face

learning modality of Caestebanan National Highschool.

1. What is the profile of the respondent as to;

1.1. Age

1.2. Gender

1.3. Type of modular

1.4. Occupation

2. What degree of students adaptability exists to the face-to-face teaching method?

 3. Does the profile of the respondents have a significant bearing on how the students of

Senior High adapt to face-to-face learning?

Significance of the Study

In particular, the researchers believe that the following parties can benefit from and

contribute to this study:

Students. The adaption to face-to-face learning modality will be determined by the outcomes,

which will give the students some knowledge. It will provide students with background

knowledge on the subject as well as comprehensive instructions on how to counsel and adjust

to this new educational environment.

Teachers. The provided information would help the teachers better understand this study and

help them recognize the various ways that students have adapted to the face-to-face learning

mode.

Researchers. This gives them the opportunity to search for convincing arguments and

responses from the responders. They benefit much from this because it gives them guidance

and sharpens their research abilities.

Future Teachers. Future instructions can use this study as a reference if they intend to do any

related research that discusses it.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study focuses on how students of Senior High school adjust in the face-to-face learning

modality at Caestebanan National Highschool.

We did not include any of the junior high students or teachers in our effort to collect data

from the Senior high students at Caestebanan National Highschool.

The main idea that the researchers will determine the adaptation of students in the face-to-

face learning modality among senior high at Caestebanan National Highschool.

The result is to distinguish the adaptation of Senior High students towards the face-to-face

learning modality. The researcher started this research on December 12,2022.

During the academic year 2022-2023, a random sample of senior high students of

Caestebanan National High School who will serve as a representative of the population will be

contacted for the purpose of collecting data. The issues or worries unrelated to the subject will

not be covered in this study. This research study will be carried out using a questionnaire given
to the parents as a survey and point of reference. The researchers will be able to learn more

about and draw conclusions about senior high student adaptation by doing this in the rear of

face-to-face classes at Caestebanan National High School. Forty student of Senior Highschool at

Caestebanan National Highschool were the maximum number of participants.

Definition of Terms

Conceptual Definition

Adaptation. It refers to the act of adapting or the process of adapting.

Age. It refers to the time frame in years that a certain event took place.

Operational Definition

Distance Learning. It describes a way of learning in which classes are delivered via

correspondence or the Internet and Internet are broadcast without the student’s presence in a

classroom, also known as online education.

Education. It describes both the act of imparting information to others and the act of learning

from an other person.

Face-to-face. It refers to situations where an instructor and a student meet in a predetermined

location and at a predetermined time to engage in a group class lessons, or more frequently,

one-on-one instruction.

Gender. It refers to the phrase used more generally to describe a variety of identities that don’t

line up with preconceived notions of male and female.

Learning Modality. Describes how (delivery mode) and when (convening method) your class

will meet.  

Online Learning. It this context, online learning is referred to. Among others, it is frequently

referred to as “e-learning”

Pandemic. It refers an outbreak of an infections illness that has spread over a sizable area, such

as several continents or the entire world, and is impacting a sizable number of people.

Type of modular. It refers to the different types of modular like printed modality, online

distance learning and face-to-face learning.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature

Farooqui(2020) noted in her study that the challenges and and effect of online

education are the same for both teachers and students. According to Bonk & Kim

(2013), higher education has been using the online learning education system for the

past 20 years. As technology is nothing new to us, the pandemic was the sole reason we

went to online learning to advance in life. (as cited in Ganesan & Meena, 2020)

Singer (2021) stated that although kids were allowed to return to their interactive face-

to-face learning in their respective classrooms a year after the coronavirus made an

imprint on the world and the educational system, some families were choosing to go

back to distant learning. Although the abrupt cancellation of sessions was meant to be a

temporary fix, it appears that some people desire online learning to be a permanent

fixture. Schools that provide virtual learning are in greater demand. According to Hubler

(2021), several schools are now offering in-person instruction. Nonetheless, they have a

sluggish start.
According to Paul and Jefferson (2019), traditional and online schooling are very similar.

Assignments must still be submitted, and group projects must be finished. While

teachers still need to plan their curricular with the goal of motivating and providing their

pupils with the most information possible. However, they still need to grade all of their

students. Higher education institutions appear to have embraced online learning,

according to Bonk & Kim (2006). In colleges and universities, the number of students

enrolling in distant learning programs has significantly expanded. Many of these

colleges, institutions, and universities have been developing strategies and plans to

introduce online education in response to growing enrollment demands. Some fear that

when schools transition to the online realm, impaired kids may fall between the cracks

and fall behind. According to Razavi (2020), the Covid-19 Epidemic has dramatically

altered the educational landscape, and learning may never be the same.

According to certain research, Akers, Atchley, and Wingenbach (2013) “Students who

attend online courses will quit more easily, “ students prefer traditional classes.
Foreign Study

Roblyer (1999) found that students preferred face-to-face classes because of the

interaction and ease of communication that comes with it (as cited in Plat, Raile, and Yu,

2014). Ferlazzo (2020) conducted a study on multiple students to find out how they felt

about their online learning experience. Multiple respondents gave their experiences, and

the majority of them do not want to continue with online classes as it is less conveniet.

Researchers have discovered that students prefer higher amounts of contact when

comparing face-to-face learning to online learning.

Horspol and Yang (2010) discovered that while students in both face-to-face and online

classrooms gave their instructors high marks for how quickly they answered to

questions, the lack of connection left them feeling unsatisfied. Technology issues and

communication issues were determined to be the two main source or anxiety for

students in an online learning setting by Hara and Kling (2000).Due to specific network

related issues and imprecise instructor feedback, students reported feeling a lot of

confusion, fear, and irritation.

Online education is a powerful force in the sphere of education, according to Goodarzi,

Lashqari, and Shahidian (2011). Online learning will probably become the norm for our

educational needs in the next few years, maybe even in ten or two. According to Platt et

al. (2014), it is crucial for teaching curriculums to understand how students view the

effectiveness of teaching in an online learning environment compared to an interactive

face-to-face environment so that they can make the necessary adjustments to ensure

that their students can easily understand lessons while being taught at a distance.

According to Saminathan (2020), it is a big issue in today’s society for people to not

know how to browse and use a computer. Technology problems are un avoidable and

will inevitably arise at some point, which can be stressful for instructors. Throughout

time, our technology will only develop, and you won’t have an option but to accept that

transformation. Tientchou (2021), despite the fact that technology has advanced

significantly since its inception. Participating in and running an online class can be quite

difficult due to technical difficulties. There are many potential risks that could disrupt

your classes flow and possibly result in your students not grasping the contents.
Local Literature

The Philippine government made the decision to implement quarantine procedures and

to close educational institutions in the interim due to the spread of Covid-19. Almost 28

million Filipino school children were impacted by these extraordinary conditions with

the cancellation of courses. “Even in times of difficulty like these, education must

continue, “ declared Leonor Briones, secretary of the Department of Education (DepEd).

In order for students to be able to learn even in the midst of this pandemic, they were

urged to use a flexible and alternate method of virtual learning specifically referred to as

“Online Class” (Joaquin, 2020; Biana Dacela, 2020)

Students who are unfamiliar with online learning were challenged by the abrupt

switch from traditional classes to online classes as a result of the learning systems

quick adjustments (Santos, 2020). However, students and even teachers claimed

that their inability to implement this new curriculum was caused by their ignorance

of the technology (Magsambol, 2020). Instead, studying remotely encourages

students to make the most of their strengths and their use of modern technologies

(Manuel, 2020).
Prior to the adaptation of online education, the bulk of sessions were held on

school grounds and were known as “Traditional Classes” in the Philippines. Back

then, interaction between students and teachers was simpler due to the traditional

learning model because students can ask their specific teachers any questions they

may have.

Also, classrooms provide a space for students to interact socially, be evaluated,

collaborate, and learn how to adapt in a particular situation. By encouraging a

student to speak in front of the class, it will also improve a student’s capacity for

public speaking. On the other hand, students could experience scheduling issues or

unanticipated emergencies that will force them to miss class. Some students felt

that using public transportation to travel from school to their homes was highly

upsetting and irritating, especially for those who lived far from the school. (2020,

Dela Peas).

According to a report by Barcelon (2020), the Philippine National Police (PNP) and

the Bureau Of Prisons (BuCor) seized 3,817 mobile phones, 101 pocket WiFi devices,

41 tablets, and 7 laptops that were being used for ellicit purposes. These devices
were shattered and ran over by an excavator. Netizens went to the social media

network “Twitter” to convey what they felt about the BuCor’s move. “There’s

someone out there who desperately needs a laptop or a smartphone for online

lessons, “ the speaker said. Is it possible that you didn’t finish your list of

unconfisticated goods? There was an opportunity to help, but more people chose

not to than the other way around. The BuCor responded by stating that they have

thought about taking this kind of action. But their campaign implied the opposite.

They are advancing their campaign’s goal by destroying the devices that were

utilized for unlawful activities.

Local Study

According to Ignacio (2021).learning with this new curriculum has been difficult

and places a heavy load on individuals who are struggling to adjust to the abrupt

changes this epidemic has brought about. In institution, instructor combine

synchronous and asynchronous learning methods to deliver their lectures. Due to

the unexpected changes, several students and even some professors are unable to

effectively use our renowned technology, which affects their ability to learn and

teach. Nonetheless, despite the criticism, the majority of the Philippine institutions
are working on initiatives to improve education for all students in the face o his

pandemic.

The learning environment is not the same as it is used to be before , but the

amount of workload is the same as before. ( Corcuera, 2020). Those who lack

access, “time, “tailored training, “and “adequate expertise about technology,

“according to Riasati, Allah aya, and Tan (2012),may struggle to adapt to this be style

of learning (As cited in Daniels, Sarte, & Dela Cruz, (2019).Nonetheless, despite the

objections, the use of these materials could be a step toward improving the

knowledge of all students, teachers, and even developers (Daniels et al., 2019). It’s

not a secret that I’m a sucker for a good story (Francisco & Barcelona, 2020). Since

the Philippines is a developing nation, employing an online learning system will

make it more effective, efficient, and advanced (Gorra & Bhati, 2016).

As a result of the adoption of online learning, asynchronous classes are now

offered via platform that allows students to access all required materials and

content at any time that is most convenient for them. Also, flipped classrooms use

recorded video lectures and lessons that students can watch at their convenience.

In synchronous type of classes, this is where live lessons and lectures occur and this
is conducted through video conferencing platforms where students and teachers

can have an interaction (Ignacio, 2021)

According to Gorra and Bhati (2016), students can engage with and improve their

capacity to adopt various techniques and information that can allow them to

maximize their learning when using technology. If not use carefully, technology can

potentially serve as a distraction when they are used to watch movies or videos that

are not related to the discussion, to cheat on assignments and tests, to browse

social media during live discussions and lectures, when mobile phones start to ring,

and when they are not related to the discussion.

In some institution, they discover that some learners are not prepared enough to

face this curriculum because most of the students frequently run into challenges in

adjusting to learning styles, having to perform responsibilities at home, and poor

internet connection that may result in poor communication between educators and

learners. Some teachers, through, give their pupils enough time to plan ahead.

Despite the drawbacks, some students reportedly find it handy knowing that taking

classes online is the only way to continue attending classes in the midst of the

pandemic (Baticulon et al., 2021: Chua et al., 2020)

According to Mobo & Sabado (2019), some students believe that online learning will

give them more flexibility, help them manage their leaning will give them more

flexibility, help them manage their time better, and allow them to study and

complete other tasks likes chores. Also, online education encourages high

productivity and significantly improves students ‘learning, enabling them to gauge

their own talents.

Theoretical Framework

Behaviourist theory by John B. Watson is a learning theory that studies

observable and measurable behavioral changes, which result in stimulus- response

associations made by the learner. It states that the learning process places the

teacher in a primary role wherein he or she adjusts the learner’s behavior and

directs leaming through drill and practice, habit-breaking, and punishment/reward.

Conversely, the learner’s activity, be it thinking or doing, is Confined to the

framework of “behavior”, and is governed by the stimulus- response-reinforcement

process (Watson, 1910).

 This study is anchored to this theory because it explains how the students

behave to various circumstances namely during synchronous classes,

asynchronous classes, and etc., particularly the teacher provides specific

instructions such as turning on and off the camera, giving assignments, and etc. in

order to observe the behavioral changes of the students. Hence, this means that

the students will be assessed by the teachers as to how they behave in both

circumstances giving them a chance to impose supplementary interventions.

Another theory that this study is anchored on is the Cognitivism theory by

Jean Piaget. It is a theory about how they use various strategies to process and

construct their personal understanding of the content to which they are exposed.

According to this theory, cognitivism is a learning theory that focuses on the

processes involved in learning rather than on the observed behavior. Knowledge

can be seen as schema or symbolic mental constructions and learning is defined as

change in a learner's schemata. Some important classroom principles from

cognitive psychology include meaningful learning, organization, and elaboration

(Rhalmi, 2020).

This study is anchored to this theory because students are gaining more

knowledge and learning that correspond to their course. The wide array of

convenient access to the internet and technology's intervention gives the learners a
chance to avail their full potential. Thus, acquiring various strategies to process and

construct their personal understanding of the content would be relatively easy.

Conceptual Framework

Profile of the Respondents

 Age
 Gender
 Type of modular
 Occupation

Process

 Thematic Analysis

Output

A Students Perceptions of
the Efficiency Between
Online Classes and
Traditional Classes
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

In this part, the researchers discussed the methods used and the procedure applied to

obtain the data needed in this study. This includes Research Design, Research Locale, Research

Instrument, Population and Sample, Data Gathering Procedure and Statistical Treatment of

Data.

Research Design

In this study, the researcher used descriptive wherein descriptive research is a type of research

that is used to describe the characteristics of a population. It collects data that was used to

answer a wide range of what, when, and how questions pertaining to a particular population or

group while correlation is to assess the relationships between and among two or more

variables. It was utilizing in this research in process of synthesizing, disseminating, and using

research-generated knowledge to make an impact on or change in the said matter.

Research Locale
This study was conducted at Caestebanan National Highschool, located at Barangay 14 Sinamar,

Banna , 2900 Ilocos Norte. . The “ Caestebanan National Highschool” is located in the province

surrounded by many houses and trees. It has a management that is good for both parents and

the student in the said school.

Research Instrument

The researchers used a survey method, a survey is a method of gathering and compiling

information from a group of people, more often known as the sample, to gain knowledge by

organizations, businesses, or institutions. This information or opinion collected from the sample

is more often generalization of what a large population thinks, this survey uses the traditional

paper and pencil approach. This survey type is the most expensive method of data collection. It

includes deploying a large number of human resources, along with time and money, it is known

in this present as questionnaire.

The questionnaire comprises three pages with two parts; first page, the request letter address

for the respondent in order to get their permission as the researchers choose them as one of

the respondent to the said study, second page and first part is the profile of respondent such as

their age, gender, type of modular, and occupation. And last the questionnaire with the Likert

Scale in which responders specify their level of agreement to a statement typically in five

points: (1) Strongly disagree; (2) Disagree; (3) Neither agree nor disagree; (4) Agree; (5) Strongly

agree. The students validate and answer nor check the questionnaire through checklist, as such

place check to the appropriate box of their answer to the following questions as the
researchers gaining information about the adaptation of students in the face-to-face learning

modality among senior high. And the data was collected by process of tallied and tabulated.

Population Sampling and Technique

The respondent of this study are the student of the Senior Highschool at Caestebanan National

Highschool. They are selected through Slovin’s Formula, which it is used to calculate an

appropriate sample size form population depending on the error tolerance level of the

researcher.

The formula is:

Where:

S = sample size

n = population size

e = margin of error (to be decided of the researcher)

In getting the margin of error:

Step 1: Figure out what confidence level

Step 2: Plug out data into the formula

 Step 3: Round answer to whole number

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers make a request letter addressed to the Principal of Caestebanan National

Hoghschool and to the& Senior Highschool students. And approved by the research adviser or

the thesis instructor.

An account of day to day collection of data:

Day One: After research adviser and thesis instructor approving the request letter addressed to

the Principal of the said school, researchers print out the questionnaire and deployed to the

respondents.

Day Two: The questionnaire deployed to the respondents, and researchers collected it

personally.

Day Three: The researcher interpreted and analyzed the data gathered

Statistics and Data Analysis

Statistical analysis is the process of collecting and analyzing data in order to discern patterns

and trends. It is a method for removing bias from evaluating data by employing numerical
analysis. This technique is useful for collecting the interpretations of research, developing

statistical models, and planning surveys and studies. The data that has been collected will be

tallied and tabulated. These are the list of statistical measures and treatment that will be used

to analyze the data:

Frequency counts - this was used to summarize and organize a set of data. Presenting data

frequency distribution makes inspection of the data set much more manageable than

presenting the entire set of raw data. And to determine the frequency of the different variables

of this research.

Percentages – this was used to express how large one quantity is relative to another quantity.

To determine that percentage value of the frequency of the variables that is being use in the

research.

Where: n = the number of the respondents

s = the total number of the respondents

Mean – this was used to analyze the adaptation of parents in the face-to-face learning modality

among senior Highschool students at Caestebanan National Highschool.

The Formula is:

X̄

Where: ƩX = sum of respondents

N = number of respondents

Weighted mean – this was used to determine the respondents over all responses.

The Formula is:

Where: ƩX = sum of mean

N = number of respondents

Measure of Correlation – this was used to determine the correlating variables to determine

relationship between them. Pearson product moment correlation will be use as its correlation

statistics.

The Formula is:

Where: rxy = the correlation coefficient relationship between the variables x and y.

Xi = the value of the x variables in a sample

 X̄ = the mean of the values of the x variable

Yi = the value of the y variable in a sample

 Ȳ = the mean of the values of the y variable

Scales of Measurement – this was used in describing and characterizing the mean result of the

adaptation of parents in the face-to-face learning modality among senior highschool students at

Caestebanan National Highschool.

References

Juma, 2022. Quotes About Education and the Power of

Learning.https://everydaypower.com/quotes-about-education/

Nair, August 12, 2019. Why Teachers Are Important in Society- Why Teachers Matter.

https://www.uopeople.edu/blog/the-importance-of-teachers/

Driscoll 2019. EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY.

https://thinkstrategicforschools.com/education-21st-century/#:~:text=A%2021st%20century

%20education%20is,using%20it%20in%20smart%20ways