Status of the development of

simulation tools to simulate

irradiation effects
Jean Claude Van Duysen

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Context

ƒ Many simulation methods of materials are under development

ƒ Power of computers has been considerably increased

⇓
Possibility to develop tools to simulate irradiation effects
Virtual Reactors

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Context

Long term approach

Virtual but
Reactor continuously
improvable tool

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Context

+
Virtual Reactor

September 2003
Experimental Reactor EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 Context

REVE project
REactor for Virtual Experiments

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 REVE Project partnership

- UCSB/NRC - EDF - CRIEPI

- ORNL/DOE - CEA - University of Tokyo
- LLNL/DOE - CNRS (Univ. Lille & Rouen) - University of Tokai
- CEN Mol - ULB (Belgium)
- DENIM - CIEMAT (Spain)
- Univ. of Liverpool (UK)
- Rolls Royce (UK)
- JRC

USA EUROPE JAPAN

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Status of the project

A first virtual reactor

(prototype)

RPV-1
Many imperfections and approximations but working
September 2003 EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 Simulation of irradiation effects in RPV-steel

Irradiation Conditions
Neutron spectrum
Temperature, Time Evolution of
Yield stress
Material RPV-1
Chemical composition
Structure, last HT Evolution of
microstructure
Test Temperature
Test deformation rate

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV-1
Neutron spectrum DYMOKA

SPECTER Database : CASC

Residual defects of

ƒ
sub-cascades
PKA Spectrum,
dpa rate
LAKIMOCA
5 codes chained
INCAS

Database : DEF

ƒ
Aged residual defects of
Sub-cascades Spectrum,
Free point defects
sub-cascades
2 databases
MFVISC

Cu - vacancy clusters
Interstitial loops
ƒ Some simplifications
DIFFG
DYMOKA

Database : FORCE
Solute atoms atmospheres
and precipitates
ƒ Some rules on thumb
Pinning force of defects Interstitial loops

Microstructure

TEM, TAP, SANS

DUPAIR

September 2003 Resolved shear stress EDF

Electricité
Petten ∆ RP0.2
de France

Tensile test
 RPV-1 Interface

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV-1 Interface

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Does RPV-1 work ?

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV-1

Sensitivity

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1 : Copper effect (1/1)

HERALD Tirr = 250°C

250

0.3%Cu 1.3%Mn, 0.7%Ni

200
Rp0,2MPa

150

0.05%Cu 1.3%Mn, 0.7%Ni

100

50

0
0,00 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,10
dose (dpa)
September 2003 EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1 : Copper effect (2/2)

HERALD Tirr = 250°C

0.05%Cu
September 2003 0.3%Cu EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1 : Flux effect (1/3)

HFIR Tirr = 55°C

1,E+16

1,E+13
N (cm-2)

1,E+10

1,E+07
1,E-10 1,E-08 1,E-06 1,E-04 1,E-02 1,E+00 1,E+02

Eneutron / dE (MeV)
September 2003 EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1 : Flux effect (2/3)

HFIR Tirr = 55°C

1,E+16

1,E+13
N (cm )
-2

0.1 x HFIR
1,E+10
0.01 x HFIR
10 x HFIR
HFIR

1,E+07
1,E-10 1,E-08 1,E-06 1,E-04 1,E-02 1,E+00 1,E+02

September 2003 EDF

Petten Eneutron / dE (MeV) Electricité
de France
 RPV – 1 : Flux effect (3/3)

HFIR Tirr = 55°C

Cu = 0.05%, Mn = 1.3%, Ni = 0.7%
500
450 10 x HFIR
400 Depend on
350 HFIR
∆ Rp0,2MPa

the chemical
300 0.1 x HFIR
250 composition
200
0.01 x HFIR
150
100
50
0
0,00 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,10 0,12
dose (dpa)
September 2003 EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1 : Temperature effect (1/3)

HERALD 0.05%Cu - 1.3%Mn – 0.7%Ni

280
260 55°C
240 Depend on
220 200°C the chemical
∆ Rp0,2MPa

200
250°C composition
180
160
140
300°C
120
100
80
0,00 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,10
dose (dpa)
September 2003 EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1 : Temperature effect (1/3)

HERALD 0.05%Cu - 1.3%Mn – 0.7%Ni

∆RP0.2 (Mpa)
300

250
Depend on
200 the chemical
150 composition
100
0.08 dpa
50

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

September 2003 Irradiation temperature (°C) EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Is RPV-1 quantitative ?

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1

HERALD
Cu = 0.3%, Mn = 1.38, Ni = 1.58
Tirr = 225°C
Experimental
250

200
Rp0,2MPa

150

100

50

0
0,00 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,07 0,08 0,09
dose (dpa)

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1

HERALD
Cu = 0.1%, Mn = 1.65, Ni = 0.08
Tirr = 225°C
250

200
Rp0,2MPa

150

Experimental
100

50

0
0,00 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,07 0,08 0,09
dose (dpa)

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1

HFIR
Cu = 0.14% - Mn = 1.3 - Ni = 0.87
Tirr ≈ 55°C
350

300

250

200

150
Experimental
100

50

0
0,00E+00 2,00E-02 4,00E-02 6,00E-02 8,00E-02 1,00E-01

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1

Lack of full sets of experimental data

for validation

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Next step

PERFECT
(under discussion with EC)

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Next step

30 organizations

Toughness
RPV-2 +
module

Corrosion
INTREN-1 +
module

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Current Support of Euratom

• SIRENA project : aimed at applying the REVE approach on

Zr-Nb alloys

• ITEM network : aimed at coordinating the development of new

models

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1 : Temperature effect (1/3)

Improvement
of VTR’s
RPV-2

Improvement of
parameterization

RPV-1

Time

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 RPV – 1 : Sensitivity studies in Fe

• Irradiation temperature (2/2) : 28.7 x 28.7 x 28.7 nm3

September 2003
T = 100°C T = 200°C EDF
Petten 0.13 dpa Electricité
de France
 Simulation of irradiation effects in RPV-steel

RPV
Atom

Multi-scale simulation

Picosecond
Nanometer
year
centimeter
September 2003 EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 Development of simulation tools

The REVE Initiative

• REVE project : international project (18 organizations)

9 Development of RPV-1 (RPV steels)

• SIRENA : Euratom project (7 organizations)

9 Development of CLADD-1 (ZR-Nb alloys) :
‰ Irradiation-induced ∆Rp0.2
‰ SCC behaviour in Iodine atmosphere

• ITEM : Euratom network (40 organizations)

9 Improvement of methods
September 2003 EDF
Electricité
Petten de France
 Simulation of irradiation effects in RPV-steel

How to start ?

ƒ Make a first tool with :

- simplifications
- current codes and models
- rules on thumb

ƒ To improve it

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France
 Experimental programs

ƒ Determination of physical parameters and validation of codes (model

alloys – charged particles) :
9 CEA
9 CIEMAT

ƒ Validation of RPV-1 with neutron irradiations (steel and model alloys)

9 SCK neutron irradiation program
9 CEA database
9 Rolls Royce data base
9 UCSB neutron irradiation program

September 2003 EDF

Electricité
Petten de France