CATARMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

CATARMAN NORTHERN SAMAR

A CONCEPT PAPER

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE ACADEMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL

STUDENTS

JUSTINE D. ENRIOLA
12GA- Emerald
Submitted to:
MELCHOR ALVAREZ
English for Academics and Professional Purposes
January 23,2023
I.INTRODUCTION

Mike Moran, Jeff Seaman and Hester Tinti-Kane, for a long period of time believed
that the term social media does not have a clear definition, however, when one platform
emerged, that gave people an opportunity to be content creators, controllers and transparent
users, to a great extent. Once this content is shared, it becomes a conversation, because all
users who have accounts on social media platforms can interact with all posts (Moran,
Seaman and Tinti-Kane, 2011). Social Networking is “the act of engagement,” while social
media is the tool used to communicate with mass audience (Hartshorn, 2010). Social Media is
the platform that give individuals the opportunity to interact, using two-way communication;
meaning, that anyone who has online accounts can share their opinions with other social
media users.
There are two types of social media users; digital natives and digital immigrants.
Digital natives are the ones who were born after 1980, they came to this world when the
digital media existed. However, digital immigrants are the ones who were born before 1980
and adapted their lives to digital media (Anton Son and Christopher, 2014). Social media
platforms vary from Web blogs, to micro-sharing platforms, to life streams to social networks
and much more (Anton Son and Christopher, 2014). The younger generation discussed in
this research paper are school students between the ages of 12 to 19 years old. A few of the
platforms they use are Facebook, YouTube, Google, and many others that will be discussed in
the findings of this research.
The younger generation are the individuals that will lead our world in the future, they
must be well educated to be able to impact this world and make Egypt a better country on the
road to success. Therefore, research must be conducted about the different things they are
exposed to, that may affect them negatively or positively. This research aims to assets the
frequency at which the students are social networking, and whether it has any effect on their
academic performance. If there is an impact on their academic performance, in what way
does it effect it. All these questions will be answered through this research paper.
Social media has been utilized in so many different ways throughout the years. Egypt
is known to be one of the heavy users of social media, specifically Facebook. It dominates
25% of the total MENA region, having almost 11 million users, even though the penetration
rate is only about 13%. In the first six months of the year 2012, Egypt had an additional
1,608,420 users on Facebook, which is the highest number in the MENA region. Luke
Richards stated that 46% of Egyptian social media users believe that social media has great
influence in empowering them to change their country (Richards, 2012). According to Dr.
Anthony Curtis, in 2014, there is about 1.28 billion Facebook users and 255 million Twitter
users, 55 million of the Facebook users and 3.7 million of the Twitter users are from the Arab
world (Curtis, 2013).
This research aims at measuring the impact of social media on the younger
generation’s academic performance; therefore, this paper is structured in the following order:
the literature review outlining previous research conducted on university students and high-
school students outside of Egypt. Following with the research methodology and the results
obtained from the distribution of the questionnaires; followed by the discussion that will
answer the suggested hypotheses of the paper. The final part will be the conclusion and the
limitations of this study.
II.LITERATURE

Paul Kirschner and Aryn Karpinski define Facebook and other social network sites as
an online directory that allows people to find their friends, family and colleagues through
looking them up on social network sites (Kirschner and Karpinsk, 2010). Curtis states that
teens all over the world are starting to lose interest in the use of Facebook and are using
Snapchat, Twitter and Instagram (Curtis, 2013).
Victoria Rideout states that, among the younger generation, the time they spend on
social media, what she calls ‘entertainment media’ is “more than twice the average amount of
time spent in school each year.” (Rideout, 2012, p. 5) She also adds that an American child
spends on average seven and a half hours a day just for having fun on the media, not only
that, but they multi-task, between all the different media they use. For example, they can be
listening to music, sending a tweet and also posting on Facebook. Rideout says, that since
social media is seven days a week, unlike school or having a full-time job, over the years the
amount of time one could spend over the internet “has exploded” (Rideout, 2012, p. 5).
Abelardo Pardo believes that technology offers a platform for innovation, and allows
its users to express their opinions about how they feel towards the information being
published. He adds that, social media is also a platform that allows students to interact with
one another, with their teachers and communities that share their same education. Pardo also
states that these types of interaction are “an essential part of how humans learn.” (Pardo,
2013, p. 45)
Kirschner and Karpinski, discuss Wim Veen’s new term, “Homo Zappiens”, which
refers to the learners of the new generation, and the new way they use to learn. This new way
is known as “meta-cognitive skills,” meaning they learn on their own without the need for
instructions, it is also called “discover-based learning.” They also add that, the younger
generation shares an unclear bond with technology since their birth, leading them to multi-
task. They note that 46% of the younger generation who access the internet use it to help
them with their school assignments (Kirschner and Karpinski, 2010).
June Ahn discusses in her research a theory called ‘Signalling Theory’, this theory
refers to how individuals on social network sites present themselves, and develop their
identities and build trust with others. She also adds that, by having many friends on the
different platforms, this causes the individual to lose the trust of their friends because they
start adding people they do not know, to show others how popular they are (Ahn, 2011b).
III.METHODOLOGY

This research aims to find the impact of social media on the academic performance of
the younger generation in Egypt. Questionnaires were distributed through the social media
platform, Facebook and emails, amongst a sample of students aged 12-19. The sample
consisted of 110 male and female students aged 12-19, which are in grades 7 to 12. They are
from different socioeconomic classes and the types of school programs varied between IG,
American, French, German and National. The research also has a mini-comparison between
the student frequency of using the following social media platforms: Facebook, YouTube,
Twitter, Snapchat, Google, and Instagram. A Likert Scale was used where the respondents
were asked to rate them from 1-6, according to the level they use the platform most; one
being the most and six being the least.
The questionnaires consisted of questions regarding the number of hours they use
social media per day and for what they use social media for. Other questions included the
number of hours they study per day, whether they use social media to study or not, and if they
do, how do they use it to study and which platforms they use. The data obtained was analyzed
in several ways, with grouping the students with similar answers together, then applying the
cross tabulation method to measure the impact and effect of two things, first the frequency of
the students usage of social media daily, against their overall grade average, and also the
number of hours they spend daily on studying with the hours spent on social media.
 IV.REFERENCES

Ahn, J. (2010). The Influence Of Social Networking Sites on High School Students’
Social and Academic Development. Diss. Faculty of the USC Graduate School University of
Southern California.
Ahn, J. (2011a). Digital Divides and Social Network Sites: Which Students Participate
in Social Media? Journal of Educational Computing Research, 45(2), 147-63.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/EC.45.2.b
Ahn, J. (2011b). The Effect of Social Network Sites on Adolescents' Social and
Academic Development: Current Theories and Controversies. Journal of the American
Society for Information Science and Technology, 62(8), 1435-445.
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AntonSon, M., & Christopher, W. (2008). Corporate Social Media Facilitating Better
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