American International University, Bangladesh

Assignment 01
Mathematics for Business, [MBA]
Sec: G1

Submitted To:
Dr. MM OBAIDUL ISLAM
Faculty of MBA program

Submitted By:
Rahat, Monjur Morshed
ID 22-92543-2
Date of submission: June 20 ,2022
th
 Topic
Role of Some Mathematical Tools in Business, Economics, Social Sciences and Life Sciences.

Abstract
Math is an important part of running a business. It's all money. Managing money at one time or another to make
decisions requires everyone to know math. Business math is used by business enterprises to record and manage
business activities. Business organizations use math in accounting, inventory management, marketing, sales
forecasting, and financial analysis. It helps to know financial formulas, fractions and measures related to calculating
interest, rental rates, salary calculation, tax calculation etc. It helps in carrying out business tasks efficiently. Business
math also includes statistics and provides solutions to business problems.

The purpose of the study

The purpose of this paper is always in a business girdled by challenges that need to be dealt with duly so that they
don't arise in the future. These problems that do daily can be effectively answered with the help of fine models.
Hence, mathematics helps calculate and dissect business problems and work upon them. Learning and using
business mathematics enables a person to suppose out of the box, sharpens one's thinking, and helps in precisely
formulating and structuring connections.

Introduction
In the course of our existence, there are many difficulties that we have to face. education, existence and activity,
lifestyle and basic practical way of life, we all desire mathematics. This creates more value in our business. but, from
grade one to comprehension, there are a lot of mixed hard and clean subjects and math is the common subject
among them. Mathematics is not a similar concern, but it is also an important and difficult challenge in business,
business, commerce, physics, chemistry, engineering and psychology. Math improves our analytical skills and allows
us to make our brains more professional. One must have a good understanding of mathematics and mathematical
skills in order to obtain a process. These math skills are taught in middle school. Unfortunately, many teenagers
don't really realize how essential math is to them. They do not see a relationship between the mathematical abilities
they seek in their faculty and their role in their destiny. Over school provides some math basics like basic arithmetic,
fractions, decimals and probability and for wise application, they use arrears verification, discounting Discounts,
allowances and payroll calculations, simple and matching hobbies and earnings calculators. Again in college
application, there are also some subjects in analytic and logical math, calculus of interest, algebraic manipulation,
business facts, linear algebra, exponential, quadratic systems, calculus, finite mathematics, trigonometry,
mathematical economics, econometrics, etc. The aim of the academy is to make its students more competitive and
disruptive by gaining knowledge on some of the more important topics including Supply Chain Management,
Statistical Management, operations management and data analysis. Likewise, a graduate-level institution that offers
us basic research mathematics as well as linear programming, econometrics, control technology know-how,
graduate economics, calculus multivariate math, etc. extremely effective logistics and analysis subjects. Mathematics
is creating strong demand in this relatively vibrant specialized market. In real life, you may find that math is the
second priority after English proficiency in all vocational exams. So, actually, I chose 3 types of math for the
"Mathematics for Business" course. There are linear equations, quadratic characteristics and exponential
characteristics. I chose these three types of characteristics because, in the mathematics of business enterprises,
there are distinct characteristics from a single point of view. If I need to consider a simple case of three mathematical
dimensions, how can I observe these formulas from actual existence to real consequences?
So, I prepare this report of these three activities and I can study their impact through Leaner equation, Quadratic
function and Exponential function and examples in different areas of the business enterprise.

Methods and Materials

This report actually generates three types of functions. Linear function, quadratic function and an indicator function.
I formerly learned about these 3 types of calculation while exercising in council, and rehearsed further to test my
class. I formerly know about direct functions with three kinds of parameters. To get a possible result for business
operation calculation, we need to draw a graph on the "X" and "Y" axes. Because there were two rules for the
mathematics of quadratic functions, the proportions on the "X" and "Y" axes were over and below (open) and a
symmetrical arrangement of functions. Eventually, there are four types of rules of an indicator function, I know
about 2 different types of plates in a cube or different blocks and I know about fine modelling in the accelerometer
process. So, I'll look for further information on colourful websites, papers, handbooks, e-books and case studies.

Operation of: Material tools in business decision

Business math is a branch of natural math used by agencies to report, manage, and examine commercial enterprise
transactions. Not the handiest commercial enterprise organizations however additionally non-income corporations
can use mathematical gear to degree and analyse their operations. The use of commercial enterprise math permits
you to plan for the existing and the destiny. 
This facilitates them to take the right measures towards harm. All of us understand that math is a crucial part of our
everyday lives. Arithmetic could be very beneficial in all areas of practice, from grocery stores to advanced business
intelligence. In addition, in the age of competition, many company businesses use mathematics to attain the exact
number of decimal point analysis, basic calculus, possibilities, possibilities, basic algebras, and so forth. Similarly, to
commercial enterprise management, an afternoon of linear making plans to study linear algebra, programming,
income forecasting, bookmarks, charge reductions, speedy boom and growth for commercial enterprise growth,
payroll calculations, enterprise information and use of the corporation’s real inner function.

Linear algebra

Linear Algebra Equations

The general linear equation is represented as an equation is a mathematical statement, which has an equal sign (=)
between the algebraic expression. Linear equations are the equations of degree 1. It is the equation for the straight
line. The solutions of linear equations will generate values, which when substituted for the unknown values, make
the equation true. In the case of one variable, there is only one solution. For example, the equation x + 2 = 0 has only
one solution as x = -2. But in the case of the two-variable linear equation, the solutions are calculated as the
Cartesian coordinates of a point of the Euclidean plane.

Both functionality and linearity have a positive impact on the trading system. Both activities have unique
characteristics that have a great impact on the industry and the organization. In fact, this type of math does an
excellent job of finance, accounting, and logistics, and maintains and demonstrates good customer relationships by
providing a variety of solutions. Cramer and definition systems in business and economics help us identify significant
corporate shortcomings. Most companies use algebra and functional formulas in their organizations, as both are
very powerful tools to use in the business sector. The need for the impact of total costs, total distribution, etc. is
related to the linear equation of the system. If a company wants to do a complex analysis, it has to do it by drawing a
graph on the board. The values of the linear function and the equation are infinite. Thus, this system uses possible
methods to calculate the probability of a real situation There are two types of variables on linear equation one is
dependent and another one is independent variable. It’s shows slope, equation. which have Relationships between
total cost, fixed cost, marginal cost and variable cost as well. Linear shows straight line we can use it only when “X”
and “Y” axis have same point. Linear is so much popular on accounting, finance and marketing forecast. It’s giving a
better result.

To find any two points on a linear function (line) f(x) = mx + b, we just assume some random values for 'x' and
substitute these values in the function to find the corresponding values for y. 
The process is explained with an example where we are going to graph the function f(x) = 3x + 5

Find two points on the line by taking some random values

We will assume that x = -1 and x = 0.
Substitute each of these values in the function to find the corresponding y-values.
Here is the table of the linear function y = 3x + 5.

Therefore, two points on the line are (-1, 2) and (0, 5).

Plot the points on the graph and join them by a line. Also, extend the line on both sides.
  Graphing a Linear Function Using Slope and y-Intercept

To graph a linear function, f(x) = mx + b, we can use its slope 'm' and the y-intercept 'b'. The process is explained
again by graphing the same linear function f(x) = 3x + 5. Its slope is, m = 3 and its y-intercept is (0, b) = (0, 5).

 1.Plot the y-intercept (0, b).

Here, we plot the point (0, 5).
2. Write the slope as the fraction rise/run and identify the "rise" and the "run".
Here, the slope = 3 = 3/1 = rise/run.
So rise = 3 and run = 1.
3. Rise the y-intercept vertically by "rise" and then run horizontally by "run". This results in a new point.
(Note that if "rise" is positive, we go up and if "rise" is negative, we go down. Also, if "run" is positive", we go right
and if "run" is negative, we go left.)
Here, we go up by 3 units from the y-intercept and thereby go right by 1 unit.
Join the points from 1 and 2 by a line and extend the line on both sides.
 

QUADRETIC FUNCTIONS:

A quadratic function is a polynomial function with one or extra variables, which is the most variable layer of two
variables. It is also known as a polynomial characteristic due to the fact the very best quadratic is a secondary
quadratic function. There is at least one time limit for a binary feature that is square. That is an algebraic function.
The same old shape of a quadratic feature is of the shape f (x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, and c are real numbers with
a ≠ 0.
Here is a quadratic function example:

The quadratic function equation is f (x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a ≠ 0. Let us see a few examples of quadratic functions:

f (x) = 2x2 + 4x - 5; Here a = 2, b = 4, c = -5

f (x) = 3x2 - 9; Here a = 3, b = 0, c = -9

f (x) = x2 - x; Here a = 1, b = -1, c = 0

Now, consider f (x) = 4x-11; Here a = 0, therefore f (x) is not a quadratic function.

Consider an equation y = 3x2 - 6x + 5. For this parabola, a = 3, b = -6 and c = 5. Here is the graph of the given quadratic
equation, which is a parabola.

Vertex: (h,k)
h = -b/2a
= 6/(2 ×3) = 1
k = f(h)
= f (1) = 3(1)2 - 6 (1) + 5 = 2
Thus, vertex is (1,2)
Latus Rectum = 4a = 4 × 3 =12
Focus: (h, k+ 1/4a) = (1,25/12)
Axis of symmetry is x =1
Directrix: y = k-1/4a
y = 2 - 1/12 ⇒ y - 23/12 = 0

 EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS:

An exponential characteristic is a Mathematical feature in the structure f (x) = ax, the place “x” is a variable and “a” is
a steady which is referred to as the base of the characteristic and it need to be increased than zero the most
regularly used exponential feature base is the transcendental quantity e, which is about equal to 2.71828. 
The exponential characteristic is one of the most vital features in arithmetic (though it would have to admit that the
linear characteristic ranks even greater in importance). To shape an exponential function, we let the unbiased
variable be the exponent. A simple instance is the feature 

As illustrated in the above graph of f, the exponential function increases rapidly. Exponential functions are solutions
to the simplest types of dynamical systems.

For example, an exponential function arises in simple models of bacterial growth

Parameters of the exponential function

As with any function, the action of an exponential function f (x) can be captured by the function machine metaphor
that takes inputs x and transforms them into the outputs f (x).

The above exponential features f(x) and g(x) are two one-of-a-kind functions; however, they vary solely by way of
the trade in the base of the exponentiation from two to 1/2. We ought to seize both features the use of a single
feature desktop however dials to characterize parameters influencing how the computer works. 
Conclusions

Mathematics is one of the most vital and essential branches of our education. This is very necessary no longer solely
in our schooling however additionally in the enterprise sector. The enterprise software of arithmetic from the
beginning factor of business, such as investing, selection making, etc., is vital till it reaches a product or carrier shut
to the patron and will become profitable. In this report, I have already acknowledged the distinctive sorts of
mathematical equipment and have already proven the overall performance of some terrific equipment by using
example. Whereas the quadratic feature has some predominant targets such as an enterprise income attain and loss,
person plot for shifting objects and decide minimal and most values. The exponential feature’s goal is to locate out
commercial enterprise income boom and decline, forecasting for construct up correct advertising and marketing
analysis, assist to share holder to pick out applicable inventory in accordance its exponential growth. Furthermore,
like the preceding features in our modern-day world there have any other lot of mathematical equipment which
already assist us so many expert sectors. In this record I already stated three sorts of mathematical equipment with
example.

Reference

Linear Function - Definition, Equation, Graph (cuemath.com)

Linear Algebra Introduction | Linear Functions, Applications and Examples (byjus.com)

exponential function - Search Math Insight

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra/x2f8bb11595b61c86:forms-of-linear-equations/x2f8bb11595b61c86:standard-form/v/standard-form-for-
linear-equations#:~:text=The%20standard%20form%20for%20linear,systems%20of%20two%20linear%20equations .

https://www.algonquincollege.com/online/courses/basic-business-mathematics/

https://byjus.com/maths/linear-equations/

https://www.dummies.com/article/business-careers-money/business/general-business/business-math-for-dummies-cheat-sheet-208644/