CABATIC, Stephen Louis P.

02-11-23
BSBA - MM I ASSIGNMENT#1

1st Generation

The first generation of computers started from the 1940’s to 1955. The Electronic Numeric
Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC) was considered to be the first-generation computer. It was
designed by J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly. ENIAC is a modular computer that is
composed of several panels that are capable of performing different functions. This could only
store a limited or small amount of information and can only do arithmetic operations such as
addition and subtraction of up to 10 digits. The computer was roughly 167 square meters in size,
weighing 27 tons.

2nd generation

The period of the 2nd generation lasted from 1957-1963. In this generation, the transistor was
used as the interior sections of the second-generation computer. Transistors were much smaller,
faster, and dependable compared to the previous generation. This also generated less heat and
consumed less electricity but still expensive to operate. COBOL and FORTRAN were the
programming languages used during this generation allowing the computer to advance from
binary to assembly languages.

3rd Generation

The third generation of the computer started the invention of the Integrated Circuit (IC). In
1965, Jack Kilby invented the Integrated Circuit that was used in exchange of the transistors as
the interior sections used to build the computer. The Integrated Circuit was composed of several
transistors, resistors, and capacitors. This chip made the computers smaller in size, cheaper, and
effective than the previous generation. During this generation, remote processing, time-sharing,
and multiprogramming operating systems were also used such as FORTRAN-II to IV, COBOL,
and PASCAL PL/1

4th Generation

The period of the fourth-generation computer (1971-1980), Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI)
circuits were used. These circuits have about 5,000 transistors and other circuit elements with
their connected circuits on a single chip known as microprocessor. Known fourth-generation
computers such as personal computers, became more powerful, dense and inexpensive than the
previous generation. The microprocessors that started during this generation were using C, C++
and Java, as the programming languages. This microprocessor was also used in pocket
calculators, television sets, automotive, devices, and audio and video appliances.
5th Generation

This generation started in 1980 and is currently being used up to this day. Where it was claimed
to be as the future of the computer world that utilizes Artificial intelligence. The VLSI evolved to
Ultra Large-scale integration (ULSI) technology. With this, Fifth generation computers were
capable of parallel processing, supported voice recognition, and understood the natural
language. Still, C, C++ and Java were used as the programming languages.