WIDE ANGLE 4 UNIT 1 ACHIEVEMENTS

Supplementary Material
(Student’s copy)
GRAMMAR CONSOLIDATION (Unit 1.1)
Simple present, present continuous, and present perfect
Simple Present

Model sentences Function Form

Overachievers take risks, but when *to talk about things that Positive:
things go wrong, they don’t feel bad. are always true I/you/we/they + verb 1
He/she/it + verb s
Laughter helps us be more relaxed and Negative:
realistic, and it makes us popular with I/you/we/they + do not + verb 1
others. He/she/it does not + verb 1
Question (Object questions):
Overachievers take risks. (Question word)+do I/you/we/they +
verb 1?
(Question word)+does he/she/it +
What qualities does he need to be an verb 1?
adult achiever? Short forms:
do not > don’t
does not > doesn’t

Josh doesn’t get A’s. He gets A++s. * to talk about things

that happen regularly or
Josh arrives each morning already repeatedly
knowing everything the teacher is
about to present.
Adverbs of frequency: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
Position of these adverbs:

*after verb “to be” (e.g., You are always late.)

*before the verb (e.g., I usually work on Saturdays.)

*after the auxiliary verb (e.g., I have often considered being a vegetarian.)

Other expressions: once/twice, three…times a week/month/year, every day/week/year, on weekdays, on

weekends
Present Continuous
Model sentences Function Form
*to talk about things Positive:
happening now or S + am/is/are + Verb ing
around now Negative:
S + am/is/are not + Verb ing
*Taken from Teaching Tenses by Rosemary Aitken
Question (Object questions):
(Question word) +am/is/are + S +
My daughter is reading this over my
Verb ing?
shoulder.

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Josh is developing the right skills for * to talk about changing
success in life. situations
&
More and more people are taking the
trends
opportunities to improve themselves.

Time expressions: now, right now, at the moment, currently, these days, still
NOTE: Sometimes we use “more and more people/students/companies…” with present continuous to
describe a trend.

Model sentences
They have made a difference in the
world.
They make sure they enjoy their
successes – after all, they have
achieved their goals, so why not
have fun and make the most of the
experience?
They have already made lists and
set goals.
Kasparov has just won another
chess game. Everyone is
congratulating him now.
Kasparov has played chess for over
50 years.
He has played chess since he was 6.
Present perfect
Function
* to talk about past actions when
we do not know the exact time
OR when the time is not
important. (The focus is on the
present result of the action, not
when it happened.)
These actions may refer to life
experiences up to now:
-with “never”
-with “always”
-with “all my/his… life”
*to talk about actions that
happened earlier than expected
with “already”
*to talk about very recent news
and events
-with “just”
-with “recently”
*to talk about present states or
actions that started in the past Position: Use “already" and
and still continues
-with “for” to mention the period
of time up to the present
Form
Positive:
I/you/we/they+have+Verb 3
He/she/it+has+Verb 3
Negative:
I/you/we/they+have not+Verb 3
He/she/it+has not+Verb 3
Question:
(Question
word)+have+I/you/we/they+Verb
3…?
(Question
word)+has+he/she/it+Verb 3…?
Short forms:
have not> haven’t
has not>hasn’t
“Already” in this sense is used
only in positive sentences.
“Just” in this sense is used only in
positive sentences.
“just” between the auxiliary verb
and the main verb.

-with “since”: to mention the

time when the activity started

He started playing chess at the age NOTE: Use since then to refer to
of 6. He has played chess since a point in time that is mentioned
then. earlier.
Other time expressions/adverbs used with present perfect:
over the years, over the last few years/decades/centuries, so far

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GRAMMAR CONSOLIDATION (Unit 1.2)
State verbs

Model sentences Function and form

The Manhattan skyline is one of the Some verbs describe what we think, feel, experience, and possess.
most widely recognized in the world. We call these “state verbs”. We usually use them in simple tenses,
not continuous tenses, even if we mean “just now.”
Professionals in the field have believe like hear belong
always thought highly of it. agree dislike *look own
know love *see *have
It has 102 floors. understand hate *smell
forget want *taste
Tourists love this New York remember appear *be
landmark. imagine seem
prefer need
realize sound
recognize *feel
*think
*These verbs are state verbs only in some senses, e.g., think and have:
 Now compare the two underlined verbs and answer the question: Which one expresses personal
opinion?
1. I think everyone should start working from home. (This one expresses a personal opinion)
2. I am thinking of finding a home-office job.
Can we use present continuous in the first sentence? Why/why not?
____________________________________________________________________________________.

 Now look at the underlined verbs and match their meanings.

1. I am having a cup of coffee in my office right now. _____ a) own
2. I have a big and comfortable office. _____ b) experience an illness
3. I have a headache. _____ c) drink
Can we use present continuous in the second and third sentences? Why/why not?
_____________________________________________________________________________________.

GRAMMAR PRACTICE (Unit 1.1 & 1.2)

I. Find the three sentences with state verb errors. Write correct verbs.
1. People absolutely love the amazing details and symbolism in ancient architectures like the temples of
Egypt and the Aztec pyramids, so most are wanting to visit them again.
2. I have visited ancient cities like Petra in Jordan and Machu Picchu in Peru because I am firmly believing
ancestors.
3. He did not know the antique he was owning once belonged to a royal family member.
4. I generally like to explore ancient places because they show the ways in which people used to live.

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II. Complete the introduction to an article with the verbs in parentheses in the simple present, simple
past and past continuous.

The Egyptian pyramids are iconic structures that represent the ancient Egyptian civilization. They stand as a
testament to the incredible engineering skills and architectural mastery of the people who built them.
Tourists from all over the world 1) ________ (visit) these pyramids every year to learn about their history
and see their magnificence.

The ancient Egyptians constructed the pyramids as tombs for their pharaohs and their queens. The first
pyramid, the Step Pyramid of Djoser, was built in the 27th century BC, and over the next 1,000 years, they
2) ________ (build) more than 100 pyramids in Egypt. Although the construction methods 3) ________
(change) over time, the basic shape and purpose of the pyramids remained the same.

Today, historians and archaeologists 4) ________ (study, still ) the Egyptian pyramids to learn more about
the culture and society that created them. Excavations and research continue to reveal new information
about the construction techniques and the people who built them. Besides, preservation efforts 5)
________ (go on ) to protect these ancient structures for future generations to appreciate.

III. Read the excerpt below and fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets. Do not use
modal verbs, such as should or can.
A genius is defined as one who has exceptional intellectual or creative power or
another natural ability. This week on Full Frame, we introduce you to those who are
among the world’s 21st century geniuses.
Nima Arkani-Hamed: Physics beyond Einstein

Nima Arkani-Hamed is considered one of the top minds in theoretical physics, and a
21st century genius. He 1)________________(have) wide-ranging interests in
fundamental physics. He is concerned with the relation between theory and
experiment, with a special focus on particle accelerators as well as cosmological
observations.
https://www.ias.edu/sns/arkani 1
Arkani-Hamed is a faculty member at the prestigious Institute for Advanced Study
in Princeton, New Jersey, and also he 2)________________ (work) as the director of the Center for Future
High Energy Physics in Beijing. At the moment, he and his colleagues 3)____________________(try) to build
the world’s largest particle accelerator called the Large Hadron Collider in China. Many physicists
4)_________________ (think) that this powerful machine will open a new era in physics research.
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Yoshiro NakaMatsu: The greatest inventor in the world

Yoshiro Nakamatsu is one of the world’s most widely recognized

inventors. He 5)______________ (like) to be called by his nickname, Sir
Dr. NakaMats. His admirers call him Japan’s Edison, but he
6)______________ (beat/already) Thomas Edison’s record. He has
received at least 3000 patents so far while Edison, who invented the light
bulb and the phonograph, falls behind with 2,332 patents. Nakamatsu
7)___________________(appear/often) on Japanese talk shows
demonstrating his inventions.

In addition to his inventions, the 94-year-old human dynamo 8) ___________________ (contribute) to

society with dozens of books.

Thessalonika Arzu-Embry: Ambitious and smart teen

While many of her peers were playing video games, Thessalonika Arzu-

Embry was busy graduating high school at the age of 11. At 16, Arzu-Embry
received her master’s degree, and currently she

9) ___________________ (do) a doctorate in aviation psychology.

Arzu-Embry 10) ___________________ (write) five books about various

topics that range from justice to financial investing.

Also, she 11)___________________ (create/recently) a program called JUMP that helps students complete

college, as quickly as possible, so they can enter society and do the most good.

Marilyn vos Savant: Super genius

Marilyn vos Savant is an American author, company executive and, by the way, a genius. Her IQ was tested
at the age of 10, and her score of 228 was kept secret for years. However, in 1986, word got out and she
entered the Guinness Book of World Records “Smartest People in the World” list for both child and adult IQ
scores. Since then, her “super genius” status 12) ___________________ (keep) her in the news and made
her internationally famous.

While her IQ is more than double that of a “normal” person, she’s much more than a score. Savant
13)___________________ (work) as a columnist for Parade magazine for 30 years. The magazine is read by
roughly 80 million people in the United States. She’s also a wife, a mother, a grandmother, and a ballroom
dancer.

Adapted from https://america.cgtn.com/2016/08/03/this-week-on-full-frame-21st-century-geniuses

II. Written production:

1. Write a sentence about a fact that is always true about your studies.
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Write a sentence about one of your habits or routines. Use an adverb/expression of frequency.

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 __________________________________________________________________________

3. Write a sentence about what you are doing these days.

__________________________________________________________________________
4. Write a sentence about a recent trend.
__________________________________________________________________________

GRAMMAR CONSOLIDATION (Unit 1.3)

Each and every
every
Model sentences Function Form
I have used my languages to find solutions to talk about all the every + singular noun
for customers on every project I have people or things in a
been involved with. group of three or
more
Every job application needs a personal
statement.
Every one of them needs its own every one of the + plural noun
application. every one of them

each
Model sentences Function Form
I can communicate effectively in English to talk about each + singular noun
and Spanish, and I have used each individual people or
language to build relationships with things in a group of
customers. two or more

There are two applications here. Each

application is a specifically written
personal statement.
There are two ads for two different jobs each of the + plural noun
here. Each of the jobs needs its own each of them
application.

GRAMMAR PRACTICE (Unit 1.1,1.2, & 1.3)

I. Read the excerpt below and fill in the blanks with ONE WORD ONLY. Contractions such as can’t or
shouldn’t count as one word.
Whenever you read stories about identical twins who separated after birth, they tend to follow the same
path as the famous twin brothers who are known as the “two Jims.” James Springer 1)__________James
Lewis were separated as one-month-olds, adopted by different families, and reunited at age 39. When
psychologist Thomas Bouchard met them 2)__________1979, he found that 3)__________ of the twins had
married and divorced a woman named Linda and remarried a Betty. They shared interests in mechanical
drawing and carpentry; their favourite school subject was maths, and their least favourite, spelling.

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4)__________smoked and drank the same amount and got headaches at the same time of day. A great deal
of who they have become appears to be written in their genes.
Professor Tim Spector has studied identical twins at King’s College London 5)__________ more than 20
years. He says that for years he worked to prove that there is nothing that is not genetic to some extent. It is
perhaps understandable that Spector got caught up in gene mania which was at its peak in the 1990s. For
virtually 6)__________ aspect of life – criminality, political persuasion, religious belief – someone would
claim to find a gene for it. Recently, however, faith in the explanatory power of genes
7)__________decreased. Today, few scientists believe that there is a simple gene for anything. Almost all

inherited features or traits are the products of complex interactions of numerous genes. Spector himself
today admits that he now believes, “Any change in environment has a much greater effect on IQ than
genes.” “When you look at twins,” he says, “the similarities seem to be things like the subconscious tics,
postures, the way they laugh, and so forth. They sit the same, cross their legs the same, pick up cups of
coffee the same, even if they’ve lived away from each other all 8)__________lives. But if you can stop
staring at the similarities between twins and listen to their stories properly, you can see that their
differences are as meaningful 9)__________ their similarities. Far from proving that our genes determine
our lives, these stories show just the opposite.”

Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/mar/19/do-your-genes-determine-your-entire-life

II. Spoken practice: Choose two or three geniuses by doing research on the internet. Make notes about
their lives and identify their common points. Talk about what they have in common to your partner by
using “each” or “every” depending on the number of people you researched.

Tip: To improve your speaking, try recording your voice while speaking in English. Listen to
yourself and try to spot your mistakes and learn the correct versions.