ITE 412

Chapter 5 - Privacy
MJPF

PR IVACY
“ You already have zero privacy - get over it.”

- Sun Microsystems CEO Scott McNealy

PRIVACY
PROTECTION
AND THE
 LAW
Information about people is gathered, stored,
analyzed, and reported because organizations
can use it to make better decisions.

➔ Organizations need basic info

They need basic information about
customers to serve them better.

➔ Combination of Approaches
new laws, technical solutions, and
privacy policies—is required to balance
the scales.

➔ This chapter
will help you understand the right to
privacy
INFORMATION PRIVACY
A broad definition of the right of privacy is “the right
to be left alone—the most comprehensive of rights, and
the right most valued by a free people.”
Tip
and its use).

Another definition - “the right of

individuals to control the collection
In Philippine law, the
and use of information about concept of privacy
themselves”
Information privacy is the
combination of
enshrined in the Constitution
communications privacy. and is regarded as the right
data privacy (the ability to limit
access to one’s personal data by
other individuals and organizations
to be free from
in order to exercise a substantial
degree of control over that data
unwarranted exploitation of

one's person or from
intrusion into one's private
COMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEMS IN THE
GOVERNMENT AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR, CREATING FOR THIS
PURPOSE A NATIONAL PRIVACY
COMMISSION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

activities in such a way as to

cause humiliation to a
person's ordinary
sensibilities.
Tip
AN ACT PROTECTING INDIVIDUAL
PERSONAL INFORMATION IN
INFORMATION AND
“Data Privacy Act
of 2012”
Declaration Policy
It is the policy of the State to protect the
fundamental human right of privacy, of
communication while ensuring free flow of
information to promote innovation and growth.
The State recognizes the vital role of
information and communications technology in
nation-building and its inherent obligation to
ensure that personal information in information
and communications systems in the
government and in the private sector are
secured and protected.

Source:
https://www.privacy.gov.ph/data-privacy-act/

Tip
current and important privacy issues, including data
breaches,
electronic discovery, consumer profiling, workplace
monitoring, and advanced
surveillance technology..

Tip Key Privacy and Anonymity Issues

Additional
reference for data privacy act An alarming number of identity theft
incidents can be traced back to data
breaches involving large databases of
personal information.
Data Breaches
Caused by hackers breaking into a
database, but more often than one might
suspect, they are caused by carelessness
or failure to follow proper security
procedures.
Tip
Cryptography was once a
mysterious science employed
mainly during wartime to make it impossible for enemies
to understand each others’ communications.
Data Encryption
Encryption is the process of converting an
original electronic message into a form
that can be understood only by the
intended recipients.
Cryptography is the science of encoding The use of cookies and tracking software
messages so that only he sender and the is controversial because companies can
intended receiver can understand them. collect information about consumers

Consumer Profiling without their explicit permission.

Companies openly collect personal

information about users when they
register at Websites, complete surveys, fill
out forms, or enter contests online.

Companies also use tracking software to

allow their Web sites to analyze browsing
habits and deduce personal interests and
preferences.
Tip
After cookies have been stored on your computer,
they make it possible for a Web site to tailor the ads
and promotions presented to you.
 Treating Consumer Data
Responsibly
When dealing with consumer data, strong
measures are required to avoid the development
of customer relationship 1980 Organization for Economic
problems. The most widely Cooperation and
accepted approach to treating Tip

consumer data responsibility is An effective Chief Privacy

for company to adopt the Code of
Fair Information Practices and the
Development (OECD) privacy
officer can avoid violating
government regulations and
reassure customers that their
privacy will be protected.
guidelines.

Questions?
 ITE 412
Chapter 6 -
Freedom of
Expression
MJPF
Freedom of Expression

The right to freedom of expression is one of the most important rights for free
people everywhere.

This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart
information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of
frontiers.

It is easy to believe in freedom of speech

for those with whom we agree. —Leo
McKern, Australian actor
Expression
The freedom of expression broadly

The Value of involves the communication of ideas,

opinions, convictions, beliefs, and

the Freedom of information. International legal

instruments such as the International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
(ICCPR) recognise the ‘freedom of print, in the form of art, or through any
expression’ as a right that can be other media of [the individual’s]
exercised ‘either orally, in writing or in choice’

Obscene Speech

The Philippine government has not

enacted a law against hate speech,
incitement to violence and
discrimination.
And yet hate speech continues to proliferate
with women, LGBTQ members and
minority groups targeted the most. Is this
man’s way of exercising control because of
superiority? Does religion have anything to
do with hate speech? How do we stop hate
and hate speech?
Cyber
 Defamation

Defamation means giving an “injury

to the reputation of a person”
resulting from a statement which is
false. If anyone damages someone’s
reputation by the way of ‘Slander’ or
‘Libel’ one can sue for defamation.

What is the difference between

‘slander’ and ‘libel’?
 Slander - Oral Defamatory
statement
Libel - Written Defamatory
statement
Key Freedom of Expression Issues

● Controlling Access to Information on the

 internet
● Anonymity
● Pornography
AN ACT PROTECTING
INDIVIDUAL PERSONAL

Controlling
INFORMATION IN
INFORMATION AND

Access to the COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS

IN THE GOVERNMENT AND
information on THE PRIVATE SECTOR,

the internet
CREATING FOR THIS PURPOSE
A NATIONAL PRIVACY
COMMISSION, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES. https://www.privacy.gov.ph/
Internet Filtering

An Internet filter is software that

can be used to block access to
certain Websites that contain
material deemed inappropriate or
offensive.

ONLINE
DATA PRIVACY PROTECTION
ACT AND CHILD the National Privacy Commission
commits to includinĀ child online
protection in its policy development
and public inÿormation proĀrams.
Personal data protection is not just
about implementinĀ saÿeĀuards to
protect people aĀainst identity theÿt
or security breaches, but includes Anonymity
promotinĀ responsible social media Anonymous expression is the
and internet use, and ensurinĀ that expression oÿ opinions by people
any use or sharinĀ oÿ personal data who do not reveal their identity. The
would not put children at risk ÿor ÿreedom to express an opinion
exploitation or other ÿorms oÿ abuse. without ÿear oÿ reprisal is an
important riĀht oÿ a democratic
society. Anonymity is even more
important in countries that don’t
allow ÿree speech. However, in the
wronĀ hands, anonymous
communication can be used as a
tool to commit illeĀal or unethical li
ppines-passes-law-tackle-anonymous-social-m
activities. ed ia-abuse-2022-02-03/

Philippines passes law

to tackle anonymous
social media abuse

MANILA, Feb 3 (Reuters) - Philippines

lawmakers have approved legislation
requiring social media users to register their
legal identities and phone numbers when
creating new accounts, a senator said on
Thursday, in an ambitious move to thwart
online abuse and misinformation.

Source:
The bill is a rare push by a legislature to
https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/phi compel users to disclose details that would
allow them to be traced, in a country convenient access to a huĀe array
notorious for online trolling, disinformation oÿ pornoĀraphy Web sites—some
and use of anonymous social media accounts. estimates are as hiĀh as 24 million
pornoĀraphy sites worldwide. Access
via the Internet enables
pornoĀraphy consumers to avoid
offendinĀ others or beinĀ
embarrassed by others observinĀ
their purchases. There is no
question that online adult
pornoĀraphy is biĀ businessand
Pornography Āenerates a lot oÿ traffic; it is
estimated that there are over 72
Clearly, the Internet has been a
boon to the pornoĀraphy industry by million visitors to pornoĀraphic Web
providinĀ ÿast, cheap, and sites monthly.

Is porn not allowed in Philippines?

 There are still roads to private pleasures. But, first, let's
be very simplistic about it:
Pornography is illegal in the Philippines. The Revised Penal Code —
and here you see how archaic it is – penalizes the selling, giving
away, and exhibition of films, prints, sculptures, and literature
which are offensive to morals, or those that serve no purpose but
to satisfy the market for violence, lust or pornography. In
addition, there are more specific crimes like the Anti-Child
Pornography Act of 2009.
Source:
https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/supreme/2017/01/21/1664068/editorial-pornography-and-democracy

Questions?