Số liệu thay đổi - so sánh

Process
Map
1. Miêu tả số liệu (đầu, giữa, cuối)
The number of + N đếm được số nhiều
The amount of + N không đếm được
The quantity of
The percentage / proportion / rate of
The figure / statistic for

30% of Vietnamese businesses use social media sites

There are 30% of Vietnamese businesses using social media sites
Businesses using (which use) social media sites account for / make up 30% of the
total number of Vietnamese
The percentage of Vietnamese businesses using social media sites is 30%

Lượng khách du lịch đến VN là 2tr năm 2015

Tourists = travelers = visitors = holidaymakers
People going/ coming to / visiting
There were 2 million of people going to Vietnam in 2015.
The number of tourists going to Vietnam was 2 million in 2015.
2 million of tourists visited to Vietnam in 2015.
Lượng cá tiêu thụ ở TQ là 5 tấn
Consume = eat
The amount of fish consumption in china was 5 tons/ tonnes.
5 tons of fish is consumed in China
The number amount of fish consumed in china was/ is 5 ton.

Phần trăm điện sản xuất từ than đá là 60%

Generate = make = produce
60% electricity is made by from coal
The percentage of electricity produced from coal is 60%
There are is 60% of electricity produced from coal

Năm 2018 lượng du học sinh

The US 10M
Australia 4M
The UK 2M
Canada 1M
VN 0,5M

In 2018, the number of international students in the US was highest, at 10M while
the figure for Australia was significantly lower, at 4M. At the same time, there
were 2M of foreign students in the UK compared to just 1M in Canada.
Meanwhile, 0,5M international students chose VN to study overseas.
People who were 15-25
People in 15-25 age group
People who aged 15-25
15-25-year-old people
People from the youngest age group
People from the oldest age group

Around 100 = about 100 = approximately 100 = roughly 100 = nearly 100
(slightly) more than 100 = just over 100
(slightly) less/ fewer than 100 = nearly 100
Năm 2021 Lượng thịt bò tiêu thụ ở
Mĩ 6 tấn
Canada 5 tấn
Úc 3 tấn
Anh 7 tấn
Mexico 4 tấn
In 2021, the amount of beef consumed in the UK is was highest, at 7 tons, while
the figures for American was significantly lower at 6 tons. At the same time, there
were 5 tons of beef ate eaten in Canada the US, followed by 5 tons of beef used
consumed in Canada. Meanwhile, the amount of beef consumed in Mexico is was
4 tons
In 2018, the number of international students in the US was highest, at 10M while
the figure for Australia was significantly lower, at 4M. At the same time, there
were 2M of foreign students in the UK compared to just 1M in Canada.
Meanwhile, 0,5M international students chose VN to study overseas.

Cấu Công thức Ví dụ

trúc
1 S + V +adv + number + time period The number of ABC students in
to 2000 in 2016
2 There + be + a/an + adj+ N+ number+ in + There was a significant increase
“what” + complement + time period of ABC students in 2016
3 S+ experienced/ saw/ witnessed + a/an + adj+ The number of ABC students w
N+ number + time period increase of 500 in 2016
4 A/An + adj + N+ number + was seen + in A significant increase of 500 wa
subject + time period of ABC students in 2016
5 Time period + witnessed/ saw + a/an + adj + The year 2016 witnessed a signi
N+ in + noun phrase in the number of ABC students

Phần trăm con trai chơi game tăng từ 20% đến 60% năm 2018
The percentage of boys who playing games increased significantly from 20% to
60% in 2018
There was a considerable growth of 40% in the percentage of boys playing games
in 2018
The percentage of boys playing the games witnessed a considerable growth from
20% to 60% in 2018.
A Significant increased (N) (from 20%) to 60% was seen in the percentage of boy
playing videogames in 2018
The year 2018 witnessed a significantly increase from 20% to 60% in the
percentage of boys playing videogames

Lượng nước tiêu thụ giảm từ 10 m3 đến 7 m3 năm 2020

The amount of fresh water consumption decreased to 7m3 in 2020
There was a significant decrease of 3m3 in the amount of water consumption in
2020
The amount of water consumption saw a significant drop of 3 m3 in 2020
A significant decline of 3m3 was seen in the amount of water consumption in 2020
The year 2020 witnessed a significant decrease of 3m3 in the amount of water
which was consumed.

Lượng cà phê được sản xuất ở VN tăng từ 6 tấn lên 15 tấn năm 2020
The amount of coffee produced in VN increased significantly to 15 tons in 2020
There was a significant growth of 9 tons in the amount of coffee made in VN in
2020
The amount of coffee production in Vietnam experienced a substantial growth of 9
tons in 2020.
A considerable rise to 15 tons was seen in the amount of coffee manufactured in
VN in 2020.
The year 2020 witnessed a significant go up uptick of 9 tons in the amount of
coffee produced in VN
Ngân sách dành cho y tế năm 2015 40% 2018 60% 2020 30%
Budget for = expenditure on = spending on (n)
The amount of money spent on/ invested in/ allocated to
The percentage of budget for healthcare started at 40% in 2015, after which it
experienced an increase to 60% in 2018, before ending the period at 30% in 2020.
40% of the total expenditure was invested in healthcare in 2015, with a
subsequent rise to 60% in 2018, and a final decrease to 30% in 2020.
Starting at 40% in 2015, the percentage of the amount of money spent on
healthcare grew to 60% in 2018, followed by a final decline to 30% in 2020.
Ngân sách dành cho y tế năm 2015 40% 2018 60% 2020 30% 2021 50%
The percentage of spending on healthcare went up from 40% in 2015 to 60% in
2018, falling to 30% in 2020, but rose to 50% in 2021
Lượng nhân viên làm sale năm 2001 2k 2010 5k 2015 3k
The number of staffs working in sale started at 2k in 2001, after which it
experienced a rise to 5k in 2010, before ending at 3k in 2015.
2k were the total number of saler in 2021
2K of people worked as a sale (in sale industry) in 2001, with a subsequent growth
to 5k in 2010, and a final drop to 3k in 2020
Starting at 2k in 2001, the number of staffs working in sale grew to 5k in
2010 ,followed by a final decrease to 3k in 2015.
Lượng nhân viên làm sale năm 2001 2k 2005 3k 2010 5k 2015 3k
The number of sale’s staffs went up from 2000 people in 2001 to 3000 in 2005,
increasing to 5000 in 2010, but fell to 3000 in 2015.

Lượng dầu tiêu thụ năm 2012 6 tấn 2015 4 tấn 2018 7 tấn
The amount of oil consumed started at 6 tons in 2012, after which it experienced a
decrease to 4 tons in 2015, followed by an uptick to 7 tons in 2018, before ending
at 9 tons in 2020.
6 tons of the total oil were consumed in 2012, with a subsequent decline to 4
tons in 2015, followed by an uptick to 7 tons in 2018, and a final growth to 9 tons
in 2020.
Starting at 6 tons in 2012, the amount of oil consumed that dropped to 4 tons in
2015, followed by an uptick to 7 tons in 2018, and a final rise to 7 tons in 2018.
Lượng dầu tiêu thụ năm 2012 6 tấn 2015 4 tấn 2018 7 tấn 2020 9
tấn
The amount of oil used decreased from 6 tons in 2012 to 4 tons in 2015, growing
to 7 tons in 2018, then rose to 9 tons in 2020.
In Brazil, the amount of coffee production started to at 0.7 M tons in 1990, after
which it experienced an upward trend to 1M tons in 1995, followed by an uptick to
1.5M tons in 2000, before ending at 1.9M tons in 2000. Meanwhile, 0.6 million
tons of coffee were manufactured in Colombia in 1990, with a subsequent fall to
0.5 million tons in 1995, followed by an drop to 0.4 million tons in 2000, and the a
final decrease to 0.3 million in 2010.
At the same time, starting at 0,2 million tons in 1990, the number amount of
coffee production in Indonesia grew to 0,3 million tons in 2000, followed by a final
decrease to 0,4 million in 2010, and a final …. to …. in ….. . While Similarly, the
number amount of coffee production in Vietnam remained unchanged at 0,1
million tons from 1990 to 1995, rising to 0,2 million tons in 2000, then grew
continuing growing to 0,3 million tons in 2010.

22% men ate fruit and vegetables in 2002, with a subsequent climb to 28% in
2006, and a final drop to 27% in 2010 in the UK
The percentage of children eating the recommend daily amount of fruit and
vegetables started at 11% in 2002, after which it experienced a significant increase
to 16%, before ending the period at 14%. Besides, starting at 25% in 2002, the
proportion of women consuming fruit and vegetables rose to 32% in 2006,
followed by a final decline to 27% in 2010.
Will = to be expected to + V = to be projected to + V= to be estimated to + V = to
be likely to + V= to be predicted to + V
Expectation = projection = prediction
And a final projection to increase to …. in …..
The percentage of India population started at 15% in 1950, after which it
experienced an increase to 17% in 2002, before being estimated to end (climb) at
(to) 19% in 2050.
23% of the propotion of people lived in China in 1950,
23% of the total world population came from China in 1950, with a subsequent
drop to 20% in 2002, and a final projection to fall to 15 % in 2050.
Starting at 7,5 % in 1950, the proportion of the USA population decreased to 5% in
2002, followed by a final prediction to stabilize at this level in 2050 being remained
unchanged in 2050
Meanwhile, the percentage of Japan’s citizens started at 4,5% in 1950, after which
it experienced a decrease to 3% in 2002, before being likely to drop to 1% in 2050.
 Subject Verb What Where When

The average number of

The chart Between
Đề commuters travelling
(line, graph, shows In the UK 1970 and
bài each day by car, bus or
bar, pie, table) 2000
train

How many people

Over a
commuted daily by three
illustrates period of
different means of
30 years
transport
Viết
The chart In the UK
lại
Figures for daily
From
commuters by three
compares 1970 to
different means of
2000
transport

Task 1: The line graph illustrates the proportion of total expenditure in a certain
European country between 1960 and 2000.
The given line graph compares the percentage of total spending in a specific
European nation over a period of 40 years
The expenditure on = spending on = budget for
The amount of money invested in/ spent on/ allocated to
The given bar chart compares the amount of coffee produced in Brazil, Colombia,
Indonesia, Vietnam over a period of 20 years.
The bar chart illustrates the percentage of businesses in the UK who had a social
media presence from 2012 to 2016.
The given bar chart shows the percentage of enterprises in England using social
platforms over the a period of 4 years.
The line graph compares the turnover of four different cafes in New York over a
period of 12 months.
OVERALL:
Overall, it is clear that there was an increase in ….. ( nếu có cgi tăng đột
ngột thì viết thêm with….. witnessing the most dramatic rise), while (nếu
có trend giảm/ hoặc giao động thì viết thêm a downward trend/ a
fluctuation was seen in the number/ amount/ percentage of….).
In addition, ….. had highest figures (nếu có bé nhất viết while the
opposite was true with….)

Overall, it is clear that there was an increase in the amount of coffee

manufactured in Brazil, Indonesia and Vietnam, with Brazil witnessing the most
dramatic rise, while a downward trend was seen in the figure for Colombia. In
addition, Brazil had highest figures through out the period shown.
Overall, it is clear that there was an increase in the percentage of men, women
and children consuming vegetables and fruit. In addition, women had highest
figures, while the opposite was true with children through out the period shown.
Overall, it is clear that there was an increase in the income of internet express, wifi
café and café cool, with wifi café witnessing the most dramatic rise, while a
downward trend was seen in the income of the tearoom. In addition, Tea Room
had highest figures from Jan to Oct which was replaced by wifi café in the last two
months.

The given bar chart illustrates the proportion of world population who came from
4 different nations from 1950 to 2002 and projections for 2050.
Overall, it is clear that this is an increase in the percentage of Indian people from
1950 to 2050, while a decline can be seen in the figures for China, the USA and
Japan. In addition, China had highest figures from 1950 to 2002, which is predicted
to be replaced by India in 2050.
Regarding/ In terms of
At the same time/ Meanwhile
Similarly / By contrast