Tutorial : Chemical Kinetics STPM 2023

SECTION A
1. [STPM 2013]
Which statement about the activation energy of an endothermic reaction is true?
A. The activation energy of the reaction varies with temperature.
B. The rate of reaction is higher if the activation energy of the reaction is larger.
C. The presence of a catalyst has no effect on the activation energy of the reaction.
D. The activation energy for the forward reaction is larger than that of the backward reaction.

2. [STPM 2013]
The reaction of acidified aqueous potassium iodide with aqueous hydrogen peroxide is as follows:
2I- (aq) + H2O2 (aq) + 2H+ (aq) → I2 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
The following steps may be involved in the mechanism of the reaction.
H2O2 +I- → H2O + OI- …………………… slow reaction
OI- + H+ → HOI …………………… fast reaction
HOI + H+ + I- → I2 + H2O ……………………fast reaction
What would be the unit of the rate constant, k?
A. s-1 B. dm3 mol-1 s-1 C. dm6 mol-2 s-1 D. mol dm-3 s-1

3. [STPM 2014]
Which statement about the collision theory is true?
A. A catalyst lowers the activation energy of a reaction.
B. An activated complex is formed when molecules collide.
C. The frequency of collision is proportional to the concentration of reactants and products.
D. An effective collision involves reactants with the certain minimum energy and the correct orientation of
particles.

4. [STPM 2014]
The initial rate of reaction between P and Q at different concentrations is given in the table below.
[P]/mol dm-3 [Q]/mol dm-3 Initial rate of reaction/ mol dm-3 s-1
x y R
4x y 2r
16x 2y 8r
What is the initial rate of reaction in terms of r if the concentration of P and Q is 4x and 3y respectively?
A. 2r B. 6r C. 12r D. 48r

5. [STPM 2015]
The kinetic data for reaction P + Q → R + S is shown below.
Experiment [P]/mol dm-3 [Q]/mol dm-3 Initial rate of reaction/ mol dm-3 s-1
1 0.5 0.4 1.2 x 10-3
2 1.0 0.8 4.8 x 10-3
3 1.0 1.6 1.92 x 10-3
What is the rate law for the reaction?
A. Rate = k[P]2 B. rate = k[Q]2 C. Rate = k[P][Q]2 D. Rate = k[P]2[Q]

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 Tutorial : Chemical Kinetics STPM 2023

6. [STPM 2015]
At 700 0C, nitrogen monoxide and hydrogen react as follows:
2NO (g) + 2H2 (g) → N2 (g) + 2H2O (g)
The initial concentrations and the initial rates of reaction for the experiments are shown in the table below.
Experiment number Initial concentration/ mol dm-3 Initial rate of
NO H2 reaction/ mol dm-3 s-1
1 0.0020 0.012 0.0033
2 0.0040 0.012 0.013
3 0.012 0.0020 0.020
4 0.012 0.0040 0.040
What is the initial rate of reaction when the concentration of both NO and H2 are
0.0060 mol dm-3 ?
A. 1.5 x 10-2 mol dm-3 s-1 B. 3.0 x 10-2 mol dm-3 s-1
C. 4.5 x 10-2 mol dm-3 s-1 D. 9.0 x 10-2 mol dm-3 s-1

7. [STPM 2015]
The energy profile for reaction A +B C is shown below.

This reaction may be endothermic, exothermic or thermoneutral. Which statement is true of the reaction?
A. The concentration of C increases with temperature.
B. The number of moles of A, B and C are the same at equilibrium.
C. The values of the rate constants k1 and k-1 increase when a catalyst is added.
D. The activation energy for the forward reaction is lower than that of the reverse reaction.

8. [STPM 2016]
The equation for the reaction between P and Q is shown below.
2P (g) + Q (g) → R (g)
The rate of reaction increased eight times when the concentrations of P and Q were doubled. Which statement is
true about the reaction?
A. It is a third-order reaction.
B. The number of collisions increases eight times.
C. Average molecular speed of P and Q increases eight times.
D. It is a second-order reaction with respect to the concentration of P.

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 Tutorial : Chemical Kinetics STPM 2023

9. [STPM 2016]
A reaction is represented by the following equation:
aA (g) + bB (g) → cC (g) + dD (g) ΔH = positive
The rate of reaction with respect to A is –d[A]/dt = x mol dm-3 s-1. Which statement is not true of the reaction?
A. The rate of reaction is independent of ΔH.
B. The products are more stable than the reactants.
C. The reverse reaction has lower activation energy.
D. The rate of reaction with respect to C is cx/a mol dm-3 s-1.

10. [STPM 2017]

The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curves for a gaseous sample are shown below.

Which statement is true about the curves?

A. Curve Y is obtained at a higher temperature.
B. A catalyst changes the shape of curve X to curve Y.
C. The activation energy can be obtained from the peaks of the curves.
D. The number of molecules obtained from curve X is greater than that of curve Y.

11. [STPM 2017]

The reaction equation between nitrogen monoxide and bromine is shown below.
2NO (g) + Br2 (g) → 2NOBr (g) ΔH = -23 kJ
The reaction is second order with respect to nitrogen monoxide and first order with respect to bromine. Which
statement is not true of the reaction?
A. The rate equation is rate = k[NO]2[Br2]
B. The rate constant increases with temperature.
C. The activation energy for the reverse reaction is higher than 23 kJ.
D. The rate of reaction increases eight times as the volume of the vessel increases two times.

12. [STPM 2017]

The rate of a first order reaction is 6.9 x 10-4 mol dm-3 s-1 when the concentration of the reactant is 0.10 mol dm-3 .
Which statement is true about the reaction?
A. The half-life for the reaction is 1.0 x 10-2 s.
B. The activation energy for the reaction is low.
C. The rate constant fot the reaction is 6.0 x 10-3 s-1.
D. The rate determining step of the reaction involves two species.

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 Tutorial : Chemical Kinetics STPM 2023

13. [STPM 2018]

The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in mol dm-3 at time t seconds is shown in the graph below.

The reaction equation is as follows: 2H+ (aq) + H2O2 (aq) + 2I- (aq) → I2(aq) + H2O (l)
The concentrations of iodide and hydrogen ions remain constant. Which statement is not true about the reaction?
A. The rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of H2O2.
B. Half-life of the reaction is independent on the initial concentration of H2O2.
C. The numerical value of the rate constant is 2.3 x 10-4.
D. The concentration of H2O2 becomes 1.5 mol dm-3 at 12 x 103 s.

14. [STPM 2018]

NO2, which causes the formation of acid rain, is formed from air oxidation of NO. The reaction equation is as
follows: 2NO (g) + O2 (g) → 2NO2 (g)
The rate of reaction is first order with respect to the concentration of O2 and second order with respect to the
concentration of NO. Which statement is true about the reaction above?
A. The unit for rate constant is dm3 mol-1 s-1.
B. The rate of disappearance of NO is the same as that of O2.
C. The graphs of concentration against time for NO and O2 are linear.
D. The rate of reaction increases eight times when the concentrations of NO and O2 increase two times.

15. [STPM 2019]

The equation for the hydrolysis of CH3COOC2H5 is shown below.
CH3COOC2H5 + H2O CH3COOH + C2H5OH
The rate law for the hydrolysis in the presence of excess H2O is rate = k[CH3COOC2H5]. Which condition will increase
the value of k?
A. Increase in pressure
B. Presence of a catalyst.
C. Higher concentration of CH3COOH.
D. Higher concentration of CH3COOC2H5
16. [STPM 2020]
P dissociates to Q and R according to the reaction equation: 2P (g) → 2Q (g) + R (g).
Which is the expression for the rate of disappearance of P?

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 Tutorial : Chemical Kinetics STPM 2023

17. [STPM 2022]

A reaction equation is given below.
X (aq) + Y (aq) + Z (aq) → product
The above reaction occurs at certain temperature. The data for the reaction given as follows:
Experiment [X]/mol dm-3 [Y]/mol dm-3 [Z]/mol dm-3 Initial rate/mol dm-3 s-1
1 1.5 0.05 0.005 3 x 10-6
2 1.5 0.10 0.005 6 x 10-6
3 2.0 0.10 0.005 8 x 10-6
4 2.0 0.05 0.010 4 x 10-6
What is the deduction of the above data?
A. The overall reaction is third order.
B. The rate of reaction is not independent on the concentration of Z.
C. The value of the rate constant of the reaction is dependent on the concentrations of X and Z.
D. The value of the rate constant of the reaction is 4 x 10-5 s-1

18. [STPM 2022]

The catalysed decomposition of H2O2 occurs in two steps as follows:
H2O2 (aq) + I- (aq) → H2O (l) + IO- (aq) slow
- -
IO (aq) + H2O2 (aq) → H2O (l) + O2 (g) + I (aq) fast
Which is true about the catalysed decomposition?
A. I- act as an oxidising agent.
B. The catalyst of the decomposition reaction is IO-.
C. The rate equation for the reaction is rate = k[H2O2][I-].
D. ΔH of the catalysed decomposition is lower than that of the ΔH of the uncatalysed decomposition.

19. [STPM 2022]

The concentration of Y against time for the reaction of 2Y→Z is shown in the graph below.

Which statement is not true about the graph?

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 Tutorial : Chemical Kinetics STPM 2023

A. The half-life of the reaction is 1.5 min.

B. The order of the reaction is first order.
C. The value of the rate constant for the reaction is 2.2 min-1.
D. The rate of reaction for the reaction is 0.2 mol dm-3 min-1.

20. [STPM 2022]

The chemical equation for a reversible reaction of NOCl and the graph of reactions under various conditions are
shown below.

The curve Q is obtained when the reaction is carried out at 400 0C and at 200 kPa in the absence of catalyst. What
are the correct conditions for the P, R and S curve?
P R S
A. 300 kPa catalyst 500 0C
B. 300 kPa 500 0C catalyst
0
C. 500 C 300 kPa catalyst
0
D. catalyst 200 C 100 kPa

SECTION B

21. [STPM 2014]

The dimerization of buta-1,3-diene, C4H6, occurs according to the equation
2CH2=CHCH=CH2 (g) → C8H12 (g)
Ann experiment was carried out in a laboratory and the results that were obtained at a certain temperature, T,
shown in the table below.
Times/s 0 1000 1800 3000 4000
-3 -3
[C4H6] x 10 / mol dm 13.3 8.54 6.67 5.00 4.17
1
[C4H6] / mol dm-3
a) Complete the above table. [1 mark]
b) Plot a graph of 1/[C4H6] against time. [3 marks]
c) From the graph in (b),
(i) state the order of the reaction. [1 mark]
(ii) determine the value of the rate constant for the reaction. [2 marks]
(iii) write the rate equation for the reaction. [1 mark]

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 Tutorial : Chemical Kinetics STPM 2023

22. [STPM 2019]

The reaction of nitric oxide with hydrogen at 1280 0C is given below.
2NO (g) + 2H2 (g) → N2 (g) + 2H2O (g)
Three experiments were carried out separately and the following data are collected.
Experiment [NO]/mol dm-3 [H2]/mol dm-3 Initial rate/mol dm-3 s-1
1 1.0 x 10-2 2.0 x 10-3 5.0 x 10-5
-2 -3
2 1.0 x 10 4.0 x 10 1.0 x 10-4
3 2.0 x 10-2 8.0 x 10-3 8.0 x 10-4
a) Determine the order of reaction with respect to H2 and NO. [4 marks]
b) Write the rate equation for the reaction. [1 mark]
c) Calculate the rate constant, k. [2 marks]
d) Calculate the initial reaction rate when the concentration of both NO and H2 are 5.0 x 10 mol dm-3.
-3

[1 mark]

23. [STPM 2022]

A two-step mechanism is proposed for the decomposition of nitrosyl chloride, NO2Cl, at 50 0C.

a) Write the overall equation for the reaction. [1 mark]

b) Identify the intermediate substance of the reaction. [1 mark]
c) Write the rate law for the reaction. Explain your answer. [2 marks]
d) If the required time to reduce the concentration of NO2Cl to 25% is 100s, what is the overall rate constant, k,
for the above decomposition? [3 marks]

SECTION C

24. [STPM 2015]

Variation of the rate constant with temperature for the reaction
A → 2B + C
is given in the table below.
Temperature/K Rate constant /s-1
298 1.74 x 10-5
308 6.61 x 10-5
318 2.51 x 10-4
328 7.59 x 10-4
338 2.40 x 10-3
a) (i) What is meant by rate constant? [1 mark]
(ii) What is the order of this reaction? Justify your answer. [2 marks]
b) (i) By plotting a graph of ln k against 1/T, determine the activation energy for the reaction above.
[8 marks]
(ii) Based on the graph which you have plotted, calculate the half-life of the above reaction at 300 K.
[4 mark]

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 Tutorial : Chemical Kinetics STPM 2023

25. [STPM 2017]

a) Define rate law for a chemical reaction. [2 marks]
b) The combustion of nitrogen monoxide, NO, produces nitrogen dioxide, NO2. The results of three experiments
carried out at a constant temperature are given below.
Experiment [NO]/mol dm-3 [O2]/mol dm-3 Initial rate of reaction/ mol dm-3 s-1
1 0.800 0.160 6.62 x 10-4
2 0.200 0.160 4.14 x 10-5
1.33
3 0.800 0.160 10-3
i) Write the reaction equation for the combustion of nitrogen monoxide. [1 mark]
ii) Determine the rate law for the combustion of nitrogen monoxide and calculate the rate constant.
[7 marks]
iii) Explain the effects on the reaction rate and rate constant when [NO] is tripled and [O2] is decreased eight
times. [5 marks]

26. [STPM 2020]

The data for the decomposition of NO2 at 380 0C is shown below.
2NO2 (g) → 2NO (g) + O2 (g)
Time (s) [NO2] (mol dm-3)
0.0 0.1000
5.0 0.0905
10.0 0.0820
15.0 0.0741
20.0 0.0671
30.0 0.0549
40.0 0.0448
50.0 0.0368
80.0 0.0200
a) Plot a graph of concentration against time for the above reaction. Determine the initial rate of formation of
oxygen at 35s.
b) Using the collision theory, explain how the rate of reaction is affected by the following factors:
i) The increase of the partial pressure of reactant
ii) The increase in temperature.
iii) The addition of catalyst.

27. [STPM 2021]

a) H2O2 decomposes to O2 and H2O. The rate equation for the decomposition of H2O2 at 50 0C is rate = k[H2O2],
where k= 1.8 x 10-5 s-1. The equation which relates the rate constant with the activation energy is k= 4.8 x 108 e-
Ea/RT
.
[Gas constant, R is 8.31 J K-1 mol-1]
Calculate
(i) The half-life of H2O2 at 50 0C.
(ii) The activation energy of the decomposition of H2O2 at 50 0C.
b) The rate equation for the decomposition of H2O2 in the presence of I- is rate = k[H2O2]
(i) Explain the role of I- in the decomposition of H2O2.
(ii) Compare the amount of O2, obtained from the decomposition of H2O2 in the presence and absence of I-.

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