T HE LOEB CLASSI CA L LIB RA R Y

E DI TE D BY

T E PA GE , L I TT D
. . . . W
. H D R O US E , L ITT D
. . . .

A P O L LO D O R U S
THE L I B RA R Y
 A P O L L OD O RU S
THE L I BR A R Y

WI TH AN EN G LI S H TR A N S L A TI ON BY

S I R JA M E S G E O R G E FR A Z E R ,
FR S . . .

FE L L O W O F T R I N I T Y C O L LE G E , C A M B R I D G E

I N TWO V OL UM E S

LONDON W I L L I AM H E I N EMA N N
N EW YO RK G P PUTNAM S SON S
. .
’

MCMX X I
 E E
M Y O L D T A CH R A N D FR I EN D
HENRY J A C KS O N ,
O M
. .
 C O NTE N T S
PA G E

E MP L OY E D I I
I N T H E CR T C AL N OT E S

v ii
 E R RA T A .

V OL I .

P . 73 For “
T he s t i u s r ead
“
A gr i u s .

P . 54 . For “
l at e r v ers i on r ead
“
earl i e r
 I NT R O D UCT I O N

I .
— T HE A UT H O R AND H I S B OO K .

N O T H I NG is p osi t i v e ly k n ow n an d l i t t l e c an be
,

c o nj ec t u re d w i t h an y d e g ree o f p r ob abi l i t y c o n ,

cernin g t h e au t h o r of t h e Li b rary Wri t i n g i n t h e .

nint h cen t u ry of o u r e ra t h e p at ri arch Ph ot i u s c all s

him Ap oll o d or u s t h e G ramm ri a a n 1 an d in t h e m an u
,

scri p t s o f his b ook he is de s cribe d as A p oll od o r u s

t h e At heni an G r amm ari an ,
Hence w e may c on
.

c l u d e t h at Ph o t i u s an d t h e c o is t s iden t ifie d ou r
py
au t h or w i t h t h e e m i n e n t A t heni an g r am mari an of

t h at n ame w h o fl o u rish e d ab o u t 1 4 0 B C an d w r ot e
, . .

a n u mber o f l e ar n e d w o r k s n ow l o s t inc l u d in g an
, ,

e l ab orat e tre at ise On th e Gods i n t w e n t y fo u r b o o k s -

an d a o e t ic al or at all e v en t s v e r s i fi e d Ch r onicle in
p , ,

fo u r b ook s 2
Bu t i n mo d er n t imes g ood re as on s
.

h av e been g i v en for r ej e c t i n g t his i d e n t i fi cat ion 3

,

1
Ph o t i u s , B ib li oth eca, p 1 4 2a, 3 7 s q , e d B e kk e r
. . . .

3
W Chri s t , Ges ch i ch te d er gri echi s ch en I/itteratu r ( N ord
.

li n ge n , pp 4 55 s qq ; S ch w ar t z , i n Pau ly W i s sow a, -

m
. .

R eal E my clop ci d i e d er cl as si ch en A l ter ms wi s s en s ch aft,

’

i 2 855 s qq ’ T h e frag me n t s o f A p oll od o r u s are c oll e c t e d

. .

i n C M iil l e r s Fr agmen ta H i s tori coru m Gr aecormn , i 4 28 e gg

. . .

3
T h i s w as fir s t f u lly d o n e b y Pr o fe s s o r C R ob e r t i n h i s .

l e ar ne d and ab l e d i s s e r t at i on D e Ap oll odori B i b li oth eca

( B e r li n , I n w h at f o ll o w s I acc e p t i n t h e mai n h i s
ar g u me n t s an d c o n c l u s i o n s .

ix
 I N T RO D U C T I ON

an d th e at tri b u t i on o f t h e L i b rary t o t h e At h e n i an
g ramm ari an is n ow g enerall y ab an d o n e d Fo r t h e .

t re at ise On th e Gods ap p e ars fr o m t h e s u r v i v i n g,

frag me n t s an d re ferences t o h av e d i ffere d e n t ire l y

,

i n sc o p e an d me t h o d fr o m t h e e x is t in g Li b rary
“

Th e ai m o f t h e au t h o r o f t h e b ook On th e Gods s e ems

t o h av e b een t o e x p l ain t h e n at u re o f t h e d ei t ies o n
r at i o n al is t ic p rinci p l es res ol v i n g t hem ei t her i n t o
,

1
p ers o ni fi e d p o w ers o f n at u re o r i n t o d e a d me n an d

2 a
w omen n d in his d issec t i on s o f t h e d i v i n e n at u re
,

h e ap p e ars t o h av e O p er at e d free l y w i t h t h e v ery

fle x i b l e i n s t r u men t of e t y m ol o gy N o t hi n g c ou l d .

w e ll be fu r ther fro m t h e S p iri t an d me t h od o f t h e

my t h og rap h er w h o in t h e Li b r ary h as g i v en u s a
,

c on v eni e n t s u mm ary of t h e t rad i t i o n al G ree k m y t h

o l og w i t h o u t m ak i n g t h e s m all es t att em t ei t her t o
y p
e x p l ai n o r t o cri t i ci z e i t A n d ap ar t fr o m t his
.

g eneral d issimi l ari ty be t w een t h e w o rk s o f t h e

g ram mari an an d o f t h e m y t h o g rap her i t is p ossi b l e ,

fro m t h e s u r v i v in g frag me n t s o f A p oll o d or u s t h e

G r amm ari an t o p o in t t o m any discre pancies an d
c on t r ad ic t i o n s in d e t ai l .
3

A n ot her ar g u me n t ag ains t t h e iden t ifi c at i o n o f

t h e my t h o g r ap her w i t h t h e g ramm ari an i s t h at t h e
u ot es t h e chr o n ic l er Cas t o r ;
4
au t h o r o f t h e L i b ra r q
y
1
J oan ne s L y cl u s , D e M ens i b u s , iv 2 7 ; Fragmenta
.

H i s tori coru m Gr aecoru m, i v 6 4 9 . .

2
A t h e n ag o r as , S u p p li cati o p ro C h ri s ti an i s , 9 8 , p 1 5 0 , e d . .

O t t o ; Fr ag menta H i s tori coru m Gr aec or u m, i 4 3 1 , fr ag 1 2 '

. . .

3
S e e 0 R ob e r t , D e A p oll odori B ib li oth eca, pp 1 2 eg g
. . .

4
A p oll o d o r u s , B i b li oth eca, ii 1 3 . . .
 I N T R OD U C TI O N

fo r t his Cas t o r is s u pp ose d t o b e a c on t em p orary of

Cicer o an d t h e au t h o r o f a his t o r y w h ich h e br ou g h t
I f t h e chr on ic l er s d at e is
’

d o w n t o t h e y e ar 6 1
t h u s c o rrec t l y fi x e d an d o u r au t h o r re all y q u ot e d
,

him i t foll o w s t h at t h e Li b rary is n ot a w or k of t h e

,

At heni an g ramm ari an A p oll od o r u s si n ce i t c an n ot,

h av e been c omp o se d e ar l ier t h an ab o u t t h e m i ddl e

o f t h e firs t cen t u ry B C . B u t t here see m s t o be n o
.

goo d g ro u n d for d is p u t in g ei t her t h e d at e o f t h e

chr onic l er or t h e g e n u i n e n e ss of o u r au t h or s r e ’

ference t o him ; he n ce w e may t ak e i t as fairl y

cer t ain t h at t h e mi d d l e o f t h e firs t c e n t u ry is
t h e e arl ie s t p o ssi b l e d at e t h at c an b e assi g n e d t o t h e
c om p o si t i on of t h e Li b rary .

F u r t h e r t h an t his w e c an n o t g o w i t h an y
re as on ab l e c e r t ai n t y in at t e mp t i n g t o d at e t h e w o rk .

T h e au t h o r g i v es n o acc o u n t o f hi ms e l f an d n e v e r
re fers t o c o n t e m p orary e v e n t s : i n d ee d t h e l at es t o c
cu r re n c e s rec o r d e d b him ar e t h e d e at h o f Ul sses
y y
an d t h e re t u rn o f t h e H e rac l i d s E v en Rome an d
.

t h e Ro man s are n ot o n ce me n t i one d o r all u d e d t o

b y him . Fo r al l h e s ay s ab o u t t h e m h e mi g h t h av e
,

l i v e d b e fo r e Rom u l u s an d Re m u s h ad b u i l t t h e fu t u re
c ap i t al o f t h e w orl d o n t h e S e v en H i ll s .

1
S u i d as , s v K oio r wp S t r ab o , x ii 5 3 , p 56 8 ; W Chri s t ,
. .
'
. . . .

Ges ch i c h te der gr i ech i s c h en I/i tter atu r , p 4 3 0 .He marr i e d .

t h e d au g h t e r o f K i n g De i ot ar u s , w h om Ci c e r o d e f e n d e d i n
-

h i s s p e e ch P r o r eg e D ei otar o , b u t h e w as mu r d e r e d , t o g e t h e r
wi t h h is wi fe , b y h i s roy al f at h e r i n l aw A mon g h is
- -
.

w ri t in g s , e n u me rat e d b y S u i d as , w as a w o r k Xpovma
Mar a .

xi
 I N T RO D U C TI O N
And his si l e n ce o n t his he ad is all t h e m o re
re mar k ab l e bec au s e t h e c ou rse o f his w or k w ou l d
n at u rally h av e l ed him m o re t h an o n ce t o t ou ch
o n R o m an l e g en d s T h u s h e describes h o w H e r
.

c u l es t rav ersed I t al y w i t h t h e c at t l e o f G ery o n

fr om Li g u ri a in t h e n or t h t o Rhe g i u m in t h e
s ou t h an d h o w fr o m Rhe g i u m h e cr o ssed t h e
,

s t rai t s t o S ici l y 1 Y e t in t his n arr at i v e he d o es n ot

so m u ch as men t i on R o me an d L at i u m far l ess t e ll ,

t h e s t o ry o f t h e h er o s fam o u s ad v en t u res in t h e
’

e t ern al ci t y A g ain aft er re l at in g t h e c ap t u re an d

.
,

s ac k of Tr oy h e d e v o t es s o me s p ace t o d escribi n g
t h e dis p ers al o f t h e her oes an d t heir se t t l emen t in
m any w ide l y se p arat ed c ou n t ries i n c l u d in g I t al y ,

an d S ici l B u t w hi l e h e men t i o ns t h e c o mi n g o f
y .

2
Phi l o c t e t es t o Cam p ani a an d app are n t l y rec ou n t ed ,

in s o me d e t ai l his w ars an d se t t l emen t in S ou t h er n

I t al y he d o es n ot re fer t o t h e arri val o f A e n e as in
,
3

Lat i u m t h ou g h h e h ad t o l d t h e fami l i ar s t ories s o

, ,

d e ar t o R o m an an t i q u ari es o f t h at her o s bir t h fr o m

’

A p hr odi t e an d his es cap e fr o m T r oy w i t h his fat her

4

5
Anchises o n his b ac k F r o m t his rem ar k ab l e si l e n ce
.

w e can h ard l y d raw an y o t h er i n fere n ce t h an t h at

t h e w ri t er w as ei t her u n aw are o f t h e e x is t ence o f
R ome or de l i b erat e ly res o l v e d t o i g n o re i t H e .

E p i to me, vi 1 5
1
Th e Li b r ary , 1 1 5 1 0. . . . .

3
Ep i tome, vi l 5 b . I t i s t o b e n o t e d , h ow e v e r , t h at t h i s
.

p ass ag e i s n ot f ou n d i n o u r man u s cr ip t s o f A p oll od o r u s b u t

h as b e e n c on j e c t u r all y r e s t o r e d t o h i s t e x t fro m t h e S c ho l i a
o n Ly c op h r on of T z e t z e s .

4
T h e Li b r ar y , iii 1 2 2 .
5
. E p i to me, iii 2 1
. . .

x ii
 I N T RO D U CT I O N
c ann ot h av e been u n aw are of i t i f h e w r ot e as i s ,

n o w g ener all be l ie v e d u n d er t h e R o m an E mp ire

y ,
.

It rem ai n s t o s u p p ose t h at l i v in g w i t h t h e e v i d ence

,

o f R o m an p o w er all ar ou n d h i m an d fami l i ar as he ,

m u s t h av e bee n w i t h t h e c l ai ms w hich t h e Ro m ans

se t u p t o T r oj an desc e n t
1
h e c are fu ll y abs t ai n e d fr o m
,

n ot icin g t hese c l aims t h ou g h t h e me n t i o n of t h em

,

w as n at u ral ly i n v i t e d b y t h e sc op e an d t e n o r of his
’

w ork It mu s t be c on fe sse d t h at s u ch an obs t in at e

.

re fu s al t o rec og n i z e t h e m as t ers o f t h e w or l d is
s ome w h at p u z z l i n g an d t h at i t p r e se n t s a s e ri ou s
,

d i ffi c u l t y t o t h e n ow p r e v al e n t v ie w t h at t h e au t h o r
w as a ci t i z e n o f t h e Ro m an e m p ire O n t h e ot her .

h an d i t w ou l d be i n t e ll i g i b l e e n o u g h i f he w r ot e i n
s o me q u ie t c o rn er of t h e G ree k w orl d at a t i m e
w hen R ome w as s t i ll a p u re ly I t al i an p o w er w h e n ,

r u mo u rs o f her w ars h ad h ar d l y b e g u n t o t ric kl e

acr o ss t h e A d ri at ic an d w h en Rom an s ai l s h ad n ot
,

e t sh o w n t h e m s e l v es i n t h e A e g e an
y .

A s A p oll od o r u s i g n ore d h i s c on t em p o raries s o ,

a
pp a re ntl
y w as he i g n o re d b
y t he m an d b
y p o s t eri t
y
for m an y g ener at i on s T h e fir s t k n o w n w ri t er t o
.

qu ot e him i s Ph ot i u s i n t h e ni n t h ce n t u ry A D an d . .
,

t h e ne x t ar e J oh n an d I s aac T z e t z es t h e l e arne d ,

By z an t ine g r amm ari ans of t h e t w e l ft h ce n tu ry w h o ,

m ad e m u ch u s e o f his b ook an d oft e n ci t e him b y

1
J u v en al r e p e at e dly p eak s s of th e oldR oman n ob ili t y
as T r oi u g en ae ( i 1 00
.
, viii
1 81 , . xi . 95 ) an d t h e s ame t e r m
is u s edb y Sili u s I t al i ou s ( P u n i c . xiv 1 1 7 , xvi 658 ) as
. .

e q u iv al e n t t o R oman s .

)( iii
 I N T R O D U CT I O N
na me 1
O u r au t h o r i s n ame d an d q u ot e d b y sch ol i as t s
.

on H o mer ,
2
o
3
S p h o c l e s , an d E u ri p i d es 4 F u r ther , .

m any pass ag e s o f his w o r k h av e been i n t er p o l at e d ,

t h o u g h w i t h o u t t h e me n t i o n o f t h eir au t h o r s n ame i n
’

t h e c o ll ec t i on o f p r o v erbs w hich Z e n o b i u s c o m p o se d
in t e t ime o H ad ri an
h f 5
B u t as w e d o n o t k n o w .

w h en t h e sch ol i as t s an d t h e in t er p ol at o r l i v e d t heir ,

q u o t at i on s fu rnish u s w i t h n o c l u e for d at i n g t h e
L ib rary .

T h u s, so far th e
e x t ern al e v i d ence g o es o u r
as
,

au t h o r m ay h av e w ri t t en at an t ime be t w een t h
y e

m i d d l e o f t h e firs t cen t u ry B C an d t h e b e g i n ni n g o f . .

t h e ni n t h ce n t u ry A D When w e t u rn t o t h e i n . .

t er n al e v i d e n ce fu r n ish e d b y h is l an g u ag e w hich is ,

t h e o n ly r e mai n i n g t es t o p en t o u s w e sh all be
'

d is p o se d t o p l ace his b o ok m u c h ne arer t o t h e e ar l ier

t h an t o t h e l at er o f t hese d at es Fo r his G re e k .

s ty l e ap ar t fr om a fe w i n acc u r acies o r s ol ecis m s is

, ,

fair ly c o rr e c t an d s u ch as mi g h t n ot d i s cre d i t a
w ri t er o f t h e firs t or s ec on d cen t u ry o f o u r e ra .

E v en t u r n s o r p hr ase s w hich at fi rs t si g h t s t ri k e ,

t h e re ad er as u n d o u b t e d sy m p t o ms o f a l at e o r
de g e n erat e G ree k may o cc asi o n ally be de fe n d e d b y
,

t h e e x amp l e o f e ar l ier w ri t ers Fo r e x amp l e h e .

,

S e e e g T z e tz e s , S ch oli a
1 . . on I/y cop h r on , 1 7 8 , 3 5 5 , 4 40 ,
1 327 i d Ch i li ade s i 5 5 7
.
, ,
. .

z S ch oli as t on Ho me r 1 1 ,
. i 4 2 , 1 26 , 1 95 ;
. 11 1 0 3, 4 94
. .

3 S ch oli as t on S o p h o c l es ,
A n ti g on e , 9 8 1 , r a fim 8 E
’
u r ope ?

A 1ro7\ 7\ 68wp é fi B tfi Aw t
’
os v
y
‘
T .
‘

4
S ch oli as t on E u r ip i d e s , A lc es ti s , l .

5
A s to th e d at e o f Z e n ob i u s , s e e S u i d as , s v
. .
v dfi i os .

x iv
 I N T RO D U C TI O N
o ses t h e p hrase m i ; cl éla ai g in t h e sense of
nce u
’ ’

”
1
in v ery t r u t h U n q u es t i on ab l y t his u se o f t h e
'

“
.

u r al is c o m m o n en o u g h in l at e w ri t ers
2
p l b ut it is ,

n ot u n k n o w n i n e ar l ier w ri t ers s u ch as P o l y bi u s 3
, ,

A l c i damas an d e v e n I s o crat es
4
,
5 I t o cc u rs i n s o m e .

v erses o n t h e u ni t o f G o d which ar e at t ri b u t e d t o
y ,

S op h o c l es b u t w h i ch ap p e ar t o b e u n do u b t e d ly
,

S p u ri ou s
6
M o re c onc l u si v e e v i d enc e o f a l at e d at e
.

is fu rnishe d b y ou r au t h o r s u s e of t h e s u b j un c
’

t i v e w i t h iva w h ere m ore c o rrec t w ri t ers w o u l d

’

h av e e mp l oy e d t h e i n fi n i t i ve ; an d b y his o cc asi o n al
.
7

emp l oy me n t o f r are w or d s or w or d s u s e d in an
u n u s u al se n s e
8 Bu t s u ch b l e m ishes ar e c om p ar at i v e l y
.

rare O n t h e w h ol e w e may s ay t h a t t h e s t y l e o f
.

Ap oll od o r u s is g en e r ally p u re an d alw ay s c l e ar ,

1
7 .

For e x ampl es s e e B ab ri u s , lxx v 1 9 , wi t h Ru t h e rfo r d s

3 ’
.

n ot e ; Tz e t z e s , S ch o l on Ly c op h r on , 522 S ch oli as t on
.

Home r , I l ix 5 5 7 S ch oli as t on A p oll on i u s —R h odi as , ii 1 7 8 ,

. . .

iv 8 1 5 . .
3
Po ly b i u s , x 4 0 5 , e d Di n d o r i . . . .

4
A l ci d amas , Ody s s eu s , 1 3 , p 1 7 9 i n B l as s s e d i t i on o f
’
.

A n t ip h on Ho we v e r t h e g e n u i n e n e ss o f t h e O dy ss eu s i s
.

mu ch d i s p u t e d S e e Pau ly W i s sow a, Real E ney clop cid i e d er

’

- -
.

clas si ch en A l ter tu mswi s s en s ch aft, i 1 5 36 . .

5
I s o cr at e s , xv 2 83 , v ol ii p 1 68 , e d B e n s e l e r
. . . . . .

5
Th e Fr agmen ts of S op h oc l es , e d i t e d b y A C Pe ar s on . .

( Camb ri d g e , v ol iii p 1 7 2 , fr ag 1 1 2 6 , wit h J e b b s.

’
. . .

not e , p 1 74
meg; i 9 1 5 , fir rwa r o
. .

7
i 4 2 , a w Gey evwv 8 é a im 62ml va
. .
’ ’ - ‘ “

. .
'

wapa p ozpé w Y wrorx v fl f) : iii 1 2 6 , womaaué vov e b x rz s

‘ ’ ‘
v on a . .

‘
Hp ax k e ov s Y
’
u a a b r i wafs
q y é v nr a t : E p i'
tome, v
’

1 7 ,
8 6 m
5 5%
, .

r oi s r oA Aoi s 7m a b r b v e da wm
’ ’
.

8
For e x ampl e gfcr poxdfe w , t o ru n ou t ( ii 7 1r 0 0
p . .
'

t o f av o u r
”
( ii 8 For mo r e i ns t an c e s s e e
' “
a v e x e w, . .

C R ob e r t , D e A p ollodor i B ib li oth eca , pp 4 2 s q q

. . .

PA
387 3
. A 15 6
 I N T R O D U CT I O N
sim p l e an d u n affec t e d e x ce pt in t h e v ery r are
, ,

i n s t ances w here h e s p an gl es his pl ain p r o se w i t h a

t ag fr om o e n o f his p o e t ic l s ou rces
a 1 B u t w i t h al l.

his si mp l ici t y an d d irec t ness h e is n o t an e l e gan t

w ri t er I n p ar t ic u l ar t h e acc u m u l at i o n of par t ici p l es
.
,

t o w hich h e is p ar t i al l o ads an d c l og s t h e m arch o f

,

his se n t ences .

F ro m a c onsiderat i o n of his s ty l e an d o f al l ,

t h e ot h er e v idence Pr ofess o r C R o bert inc l i n es

, .

t o c o nc l u de t h at t h e au t h or o f t h e Lib rary was a

c on t em p or ary of Hadri an an d l i v ed i n t h e e arl ier
2
ar t o f t h e firs t cen t ur
y A D An ot her m odern
p .

sch ol ar W Chris t e v en s u gg es t ed s o l at e a d at e
, .
,

for t h e c om p o si t i o n o f t h e w o r k as t h e rei gn o f
A l e x ander S e v er u s in t h e t hird cen t u ry A D 3 To . .

me i t seems t h at w e c ann ot s afe l y s ay m ore t h an

t h at t h e Li b r ary w as p r o b ab l y w ri t t en at s o me t ime
in ei t her t h e firs t or t h e s ec ond ce n t u ry o f o u r e ra .

Wh e t h er t h e au t h o r s n am e w as re al ly A p oll od or u s ,

o r w h e t he r t h at n am e w as fo is t e d o n h i m b y t h e
.

erro r o r fr au d o f scribes w h o mis t o ok h i m o r desired

,

t o p al m him o ff on t h e p u bl ic for t h e fam ou s

A t heni an g rammari an w e h av e n o me ans o f d e,

cidin g Nor ap ar t fr o m t h e descri pt i o n o f him b y

.
,

t h e c o py is t s as A p oll o d or u s t h e A t heni an h av e ,

1
S e e for e x ampl e
h i s d e s cr ip t i on o f t h e Cr e t an l ab y r i n t h
as otrrm K a urrai s woA v rrA drcou wk av wv r i w 350 80 1! ( iii
'

ua .

c omp are iii 1 5 . an d h i s d e s mi p t i o n o f T y p h on b r e at h i n g

.

fi re , r oAAi w 5 6 3K r ov o r rflu ar o s v hs é fieBpaO a e {ci a ( 1 6

'
'
. .

1
C R ob e r t , D e A p ollod ori B ib li oth eca, pp 4 0 8 g
. . .

3
W Chri s t , Gesch i eh te der gr i ech i s ch eit Litter atu r , p 5 7 1
. . .

xvi
 I N T RO D U C T I O N
fo r t h e s ak e o f l i t e r ary e ffec t H e was a c o mm o n .

man w h o acce p t e d t h e t rad i t i o ns o f h i s c ou n t ry in

,

t heir p l ain l i t eral se n se ap are n t l

p w i t h o t a n
y , u
y
d o u b t or mi s g i v in g O n ly t w ice am on g t h e m an y .
,

d i s cre p an t o r c o n t rad ic t o ry v ie w s w hich h e re p o rt s

w i t h ou t w incin g d o es he v e n t u re t o e x p ress a p r e
,

ference for o n e o v er t h e o t h e r T h e ap pl es o f t h e H e s .

e r i d e s h e s a s w ere n o t as s o me e l e s e d
p , y , p p o u
pp
, o s ,

in Liby a b u t i n t h e far n o r th in t h e l an d o f t h e ,

Hyp erb ore ans b u t o f t h e e x is t ence o f t h e w o n d r o u s

fr u i t an d o f t h e h u n d re d he aded d rago n w hich
,
-

g u ar d ed t h em h e seemin gl y en t er taine d n o m ann er

,

of d ou bt 1. A g ai n h e t e ll s u s t h at in t h e fam o u s
,

d is p u t e be t w een P o sei d o n an d A t h en a fo r t h e
o ssessi o n o f A t t ic a t h e j u d g es w h o m Ze u s a i nt ed
p , pp o

t o adj u d ic at e o n t h e c as e w ere n o t as s o m e p e op l e ,

s aid Cecr o p s an d Cran au s n o r y e t E ry sich t h on b u t

, ,

t h e t w e l v e g o d s i n p e rs o n .

H o w c l o se l y A p oll o d o r u s foll ow ed his au t h ori t ie s

may b e seen b y a c o m paris o n o f h is n arr at i v es w i t h
t h e e x t an t o ri g in al s fr o m w hich h e dre w t hem s u ch ,

3
as t h e Oedi u s T rann us o f S o h o c l es
p y p t h e A lces tis
4
,

an d M ede a e Od ss e
6 a
5
o f E u ri ides t h n d ab o v e
.

p y y , ,

7 Th
all t h e A r onau tica o f A p oll o n i u s
g Rh odiu s e .

1
A p oll o d o r u s 1 1 5 1 1
,
. .
3
A p oll o d oru s iii 1 4 l
.
, . . .

4 A p o ll od o r u s i 9
3
A p oll o d o r u s iii 3 5 7 s q q
, . . . . 15 , . . .

5
A p o ll o d or u s 1 9 2 8 A p oll od o r u s E p i tome vii
. . , , .

7
A p o ll o d o r u s 1 1 9 1 6 2 6
, . Ho w e v e r A p oll od o r u s all o w e d
.
-
.
,

h i ms e l f o cc as i o n ally t o d e p ar t fr o m t h e au t h or i t y o f A p oll on i u s ,

fo r e x ampl e i n r e g ar d t o t h e d e at h of A p s y r t u s
,
See i . .

1 9 2 4 wi t h t h e n o t e
. an d for o t h e r v ari at i o n s s e e C Rob e r t ,
.
,

D e A p o l l od or i B i b l i oth eca, pp 8 0 . sq
q .

x vi ii
 I N T RO D U CT I O N
fi d e l i ty w i t h w hich he re p r od u ce d or s u m mari z ed t h e
acc o u n t s o f w ri t er s w h o s e w o r k s ar e accessi b l e t o

u s ins ires us w i t h c o n fi d e n ce i n acce t i n g his

p p
s t at emen t s c o n c e r n in g o t hers w h o se w ri t in g s ar e
l o st Am on g t h e se p erh ap s t h e m o s t im p o r t an t
.
, ,

w as Ph e r e c y d e s o f L er os w h o l i v e d at A t hens i n t h e
,

firs t h al f of t h e fi ft h cen t u ry an d c o m o s e d a
p
.

l on g p r ose w o r k o n G re e k my t h an d l e g en d w hich ,

m ore t h an an y o t her w ou l d see m t o h av e serv e d as

t h e m o d e l an d fou n dat i o n for t h e Li b r ary o f
A p oll o do r u s It is u n fo r t u n at e t h at t h e w ri t i n g s o f
.

Ph e re cy d e s h av e p erishe d for i f w e m ay j u d g e
, ,

of t h e m b y t h e fe w fr ag m e n t s w hich s u r v i v e ,

t he y ap p e ar t o h av e b e en a t r e as u re h o u se o f G r e e k-

my t hic al an d l e g e n dary l o r e s e t fo r t h w i t h t h at
,

ai r o f sim p l ici t y an d si n ceri t w hich ch arm u s i n

y
H er odot u s T h e g r o u n d w hich h e c o v ere d an d t h e
.
,

me t h o d w hich h e p u rs u e d i n c u l t i v at i n g i t c o i n ci d e d ,

t o a l ar g e e x t e n t w i t h t h o se o f o u r au t h o r Th u s .

he t re at ed o f t h e t he o gony of t h e w ar o f t h e g od s
,

an d t h e g i an t s o f Pr o me t he u s o f H erc u l e s
, , of t h e ,

Ar g i v e an d t h e Cr e t an s agas o f t h e v oy ag e o f t h e
,

Ar g o a n d of t h e t ri b al o r fami l y l e g e n d s of Arc ad i a
, ,

Lac o n i a an d A t t ic a ; an d l i k e A p oll o do r u s h e
,

m
see s t h av e p ai d g re at at t e n t i on t o g e n e al og ies
o 1
.

A p oll od or u s o ft en ci t e s his O p i n i on an d w e c an n ot ,

d ou b t t h at he o w e d m u ch t o t h e w ri t in g s o f his
1
S e e W Chr i s t , Ge
. s ch i ch te d er g ri ec h i s ch en I/i tter atu r
p . 2 49 Fr agmen ta H i s tori coru m Gr aecor u m, e d C Mull e r , . .

i. 7 0 s qq .
 I N T R O D U C TI O N
1
l e ar n ed p r e d ecess o r O t her l o st w ri t ers w h om o u r
.

au t h o r ci t es an d fr o m
, w h o se w o r k s h e d e ri v ed
m at eri al s fo r his b o ok are t h e e arl y B oe o t i an ,

g e n e al og i s t A c u s il au s w h o seems t o h av e l i v e d
,

ab ou t 5 0 0 B c an d Asc l e p i ad es o f T r a i l u s a
g u il
. .
, p p ,

o f Is o cr at es in t h e fou r t h cen t u ry B C w h o c om
, . .
,

p osed a t re at ise o n t h e t hemes o f G ree k t rag e d ies 2

.

Comp il e d f ai t h fu l ly i f u n cri t ic all y fr o m t h e bes t

, ,

l i t er ary s ou rces O p e n t o him t h e L i b rary o f A p oll o ,

d or u s p resen t s u s w i t h a his t o ry o f t h e w o r l d as ,

i t w as c on cei v ed b y t h e G ree k s fro m t h e d ar k ,

b e g innin g d o w n t o a t i m e w h en t h e mis t s o f
fab l e be gan t o l i ft an d t o disc l ose t h e re al ac t ors
o n t h e sce n e I n ot her w or d s A p o ll o d or u s c on d u c t s
.
,

u s fr o m t h e p u re l m t hic al ag es w hich l ie far

y y ,

be y on d t h e re ach o f h u m an me mo ry d o w n t o t h e ,

b or d er l an d of h is t o ry Fo r I see n o re as on t o d ou b t
.

t h at m an y p erh ap s m o s t o f t h e l e g e n d ary p ers on s

, ,

rec o rde d b y him w ere n ot fab u l ou s bei n g s b u t ,

men o f flesh an d b l oo d t h e mem ory o f w h o se ,

fo rt u nes an d fami l y re l at i on shi p s s u r v i v ed in o ral

A s t o t h e ob lig at i on s o f A p o ll od o r u s t o Ph e r e cy d es , s e e
1

C R ob e r t , D e A p ollodori B i b li oth eca, pp 6 6 s qq

. . .

1 For
t h e fr ag me n t s of A cu s i l au s an d A s c l e pi ad e s , s e e
Frag men ta H i s tori coru m Graecoru m, e d C M ull e r , i . . .

1 0 1 s qq , iii 30 1 s qq
. . A n o t h e r p as s ag e of A c u s i l au s , wi t h
.

w h i ch A p oll od o r u s w ou l d se e m t o h av e b e e n ac q u ai n t e d , h as
l at ely b ee n d i s c o v e r e d i n an E gyp t i an p apy r u s S e e T he .

O x y r h y rwh u s P ap y r i , Par t X I I I , e d i t e d b y B P G r e n fe ll an d . .

A S H u n t ( Lon d on ,
. . p 1 3 3 ; an d my n ot e o n A p ol l o
.

d o r u s , E p i tome , i 2 2 , v ol ii p 1 5 1
. A s t o t h e ob lig at i on s
. . . .

o f A p oll o d o r u s t o A c u s il au s an d A s c l e pi ad e s , s e e C R ob e r t , .

D e A p ollodori B ib li oth eca, p p 6 8 s q q , 7 2 s qq . . .

XX
 I N T R O D U C TI O N

t r ad i t i on i l t he y w ere embal med in G ree k l i t er

unt

at u re . I t i s t r u e t h at in his b o ok as in l e g end ,

g enerall y t h e r e al an d t h e fab u l ou s e l emen t s b l en d

,

s o in t im at e l w i t h e ach o t her t h at i t i s o ft en d i ffic u l t

y
or im ossib l e
p t o d is t i n g u ish t hem F or e x am p l e
.
,

whi l e i t s e e m s t ol er ab ly c e rt ai n t h at t h e t rad i t i on
o f t h e re t u r n o f t h e H e rac l i d s t o Pe l o p o n n e s e is
s u bs t an t i ally c o rrec t t heir ances t o r H erc u l es a fe w
,

g e n erat i on s e ar l ier l oom s s t i ll so d i m t hr o u g h t h e

fo g o f fab l e an d r o m an ce t h at w e c an h ar d l y s ay
Whe t her any p ar t o f h i s g i gan t ic fi g u re is s ol i d i n ,

o t her w or d s w he t her t h e s t o ries t ol d o f him re fer t o

,

a re al m an at all o r o n l o a cre at u re o f fairy l an d

1
y t .

1
I n fav ou r o f t h e vi e w t h at He rc u l e s w as a man o f fl e s h
an d b l ood , a n at iv e o f T h e b e s , mig h t b e c i t e d t h e an n u al
s acr i fic e and f u n e r al g ame s c e l e b r at e d b t h e T h e b an s at o n e
y
of t h e g at e s o f t h e c i t y i n h on ou r o f t h e ch il d r e n o f H e rc u l e s

( Pi n d ar , I s th m iv 6 1 ( 1 04 ) s qq , wi t h t h e S ch oli as t ) ; t h e
. . .

s t at e me n t o f H e r od o t u s ( v . 59 ) t h at h e h ad s e e n i n t h e
s an c t u ar y of t h e I s me n i an A p oll o at T h e b e s a t r ip od b e ar i n
g
an i n s cr ip t i on i n Cad me an l e t t e r s w h i ch s e t for t h t h at
“

t h e t r ip od h ad b e e n de d i c at e d b y A mp h i t r y o n , t h e h u man
fat h e r of He rc u l e s ; an d agai n t h e s t at e men t o f Pl u t arch
( D e g eni o S oor ati s , 5 ; c o mp ar e i d I/ys and er , 2 8 ) t h at t h e
.

g rav e o f A l c me n a, mot h e r of He rc u l es , at Hal iart u s h ad b e en

op e n e d b
y t h e Sp ar t an s an d f ou n d t o c o n t a i n a s m all b r o n ze
ar ml e t , t w o j ar s wi t h p e t r i fi e d e ar t h , an d an i n s cr ip t i o n i n
s t r an g e an d v e r y an c i e n t ch ar ac t e r s o n a b r on z e t ab l e t , w h i ch
A g e s ilau s s e n t t o t h e ki n g o f E gyp t t o b e r e ad b y t h e
p r i e s t s , b e cau s e t h e f o rm o f t h e i n s cr ip t i on w as s u pp osed t o
b e E gyp t i an . Th e k e r n e l r ou n d w h i ch t h e T h e b an s ag a o f
He rc u l e s g at h e r e d may p e rh ap s h av e b e e n t h e d e liv e ry o f
T h e b e s fro m t h e y o k e o f t h e M i n y an s o f Orch o me n u s ; fo r
acc o r d i n g t o t r ad i t i o n T h e b e s f o r m e r ly p ai d t r i b u t e t o t h at
an c i e n t an d o n c e p o w e rf u l p e o pl e , and i t w as He rc u l e s w h o
n ot on l
y fr ee d h is p e o pl e fr om t h at b ad g e of s e r vi t u d e , b u t
x xi
 I N T RO D U C TI O N

A g ain , t h o u g h t h e re c o r d o f t h e ol d w ars o f T hebes

an d T r oy i s e mb e ll ishe d o r de face d b y m an y m y t hic al

e p is odes an d i n ci d en t s w e nee d n ot scr u p l e t o b e

,

l ie v e t h at i t s bro ad o u t l ines ar e t r u e an d t h at t h e ,

rinci a l her o es an d her o ines of t h e T heb an an d

p p
T r oj an l e g ends w ere re al an d n o t m y t hic al bein g s .

O f l at e y e ars i t h as been s u pp osed t h at t h e her o es

”
an d h er o ines o f G ree k l e g en d a re faded g ods t h at
“
,

is p u re l y i m ag i n ary bei n g s w h o h av e bee n fir st e x

, ,

al t e d t o t h e d i g ni t o f dei t ies an d t hen de g r ad ed t o a

y ,

r an k n ot m u ch ab o v e t h at o f c om m on h u m an i t y S o .

far as I c an j u d g e t his t he o ry is ac t u all y an i n v ersi o n

,

g ai n e d s o d e c i s iv e a vi c t ory o v e r t h e e n e my t h at h e r e v e rs e d
t h e r e l at i o n s b e t w e e n t h e t w o c i t i e s b y i mp os in g a h e avy
t r i b u t e on Or c h o me n u s T h e r e i s n ot h i n g i mp os s i b l e or e v e n
.

i mp rob ab l e i n t h e t rad i t i on as r e c or d ed b y A p oll odo r u s

( ii 4. . Vi e w e d i n t h i s lig h t t h e d e liv e r y o f t h e Th eb an s
,

fr om t h e O rch ome n ian s r e s e mb l e s t h e d e liv e ry of t h e I s rae l it e s

fr o m t h e Ph ili s t in e s an d H e rc u l e s may w e ll h av e b ee n t h e
,

G r e e k c o u n t e r p ar t o f S ams on w h o s e h i s t o r i c al e xi s t e n c e h as
,

b e e n s i mil ar l y d i mme d b y f ab l e A g ai n t h e s t or y t h at af t e r
.
,

t h e b at t l e H e rc u l e s c o mmi t t ed a mu rd e r an d w e n t t o s e r v e
E u r y s t h e u s as an e xil e at T i r y n s ( A p oll od o r u s ii 4 1 2 ) , . .

t alli e s p e rf e c t l y w i t h t h e u s ag e o f w h at i s c all e d t h e h e ro i c
ag e o f G r ee c e . T h e w o r k o f A p oll od o r u s c on t ai n s man y
i n s t an c es o f b an i s h me n t an d s e r vi t u d e i mp ose d as a p e n al t y
o n h o mi c i d es . Th e mos t f amou s e x ampl e i s t h e p e r i od o f
s e r vi t u d e w h i ch t h e g r e at g od A p oll o h i ms e l f h ad t o u n d e r g o

as an e xpi at i o n fo r h i s s l au g h t e r o f t h e Cy c l o p e s ( Se e
.

A p oll o d o r u s iii 1 0
, . . A h omi c i d e h ad r e g u l ar ly t o s u b mi t
t o a c e r e mo n y o f p u r i fic at i o n b e f o r e h e w as fr e e t o ass o c i at e
wi t h h i s fe ll ow s an d app ar e n t l y t h e c e re mony w as alw ays
,

p e rfo r me d b y a fo r e ig n e r i n a c ou nt ry o t h e r t h an t h at i n
w h i ch t h e c ri me h ad b e e n c ommi t t ed T h i s o f i t se l f e n t ail e d
.

at l e as t t e mp o r ar y b a n i s h me n t o n t h e h o mi c i d e ( See Ind ex
. ,
”
a w . E xil e an d

x x ii
 I N T R O D U CT I O N
of Ins t e ad o f t h e her o es bein g g ods on t h e
t h e t ru t h .

d ow n w ar d r oad t o h u m ani t y t he y ar e m e n o n t h e u p ,

ward r oad t o d i v i n i t y ; i n ot h e r w ord s t hey ar e men ,

o f flesh and b l oo d ab o u t w h o m aft er t heir d e at h fancy ,

s pu n her gl i t t eri n g c o b w e b s t i ll t heir r e al h u man i t y

w as h ard ly rec og ni z ab l e an d t h e y p ar t oo k m o re an d ,

m ore o f t h e ch arac t er o f d ei t ie s Whe n w e c on s i d er .

t h e di v i n e or semi di v i n e h o n o u rs p ai d in his t oric al -

t imes t o men l i k e M i l t i ad es 1 2
B ras i d as S op h o c l es 3
, , ,

Di on Arat u s an d Ph i l op o e me n w h o se real e x i s
4
,
5
,
6
,

t en ce is inc on t es t ab l e i t s e ems im p o ssi b l e t o d e n y ,

t h at t h e t e n d enc y t o dei fy o rdin ary m o r t al s w as an

1 He
r od o t u s v i 3 8 2
Thu c ydi d e s v 1 1
, . .
, . .

3
E ty mologi cu m M ag nu m s v A gta p 25 6 6 ; I s t r u s , . . s r, . .
,

q u o t e d i n a li fe of S o p h o c l e s Vi tar u m S cr ip to r es Gr aeci ,

M i n or es e d A W e s t e r man n ( B r u n s wi c k
, . . p 13 1 ; , .

Fr agmen ta H i s tori cor u m Gr aecoru m ed C M ull e r i 42 5 , . .

, . .

T h e p oe t w as w o r s h ipp e d u n d e r t h e t i t l e o f De x i on an d th e ,

s an c t u ar
y o f De x i o n i s me n t i on e d i n an A t h e ni an i n s cr ip t i on
”

of t h e f o u r t h c e n t u r y S e e Ch Mi ch e l R ec u ei l d I n
’
.
,

s cr ip t i ons Gr ec q u e s ( B r u s s e l s N o 9 6 6 pp 7 6 1 s q ; , .
, . .

G Di t t e nb e r g e r , S y llog e I ns cr i p ti on u m Gr aecar u m" , N o 1 0 9 6

. .

( v ol iii pp 2 4 7 s q ) Co mp ar e P Fo u c ar t , L e cu l te d es H é ros
. . . . .

ch ez les Gr ecs ( Par i s , pp 1 2 1 s qq ( fr o m t h e M é moi r es . .

de l A cademi e d es I n s cr ip ti o n s et B el les L ettr es , t o me

’
-

I n t h i s v al u ab l e me mo i r t h e v e t e r an Fr e n ch s ch ol ar h as
t r e at e d o f t h e w o r s h ip of h e r o e s amon g t h e G r e e k s wi t h
e u al j u d g me n t an d l e arn i n g W i t h h i t r t m n t of t h e
q s e a e .

s u b j e c t an d h i s g e n e r al c o n c l u s i o n s I a m h appy t o fi nd m se l f
y
i n ag r e e me n t 1
Di od o ru s S i c u l u s , xvi 2 0
‘
. . .

5
Po ly b i u s , viii 1 4 ; Pl u t arch , A r atu s 5 3 ; Pau s an i as ,
.
,

11. 8 1 , ii 9 4 an d 6
. . . .

6
Di o d or u s S i c u l u s , xxix 1 8 , e d Di n d or f ; Livy , xxxix
. . L . .

50 He r oi c or d ivi n e h on ou r s ar e n ot me nt i on e d b y Pl u t arch
.

i n h i s i mp r e ss iv e d e s cr ip t i on of t h e fu n e r al o f Ph i l op oe me n
( P h i l op oemen , 2 1 ) b u t h e s ay s t h at t h e M es s en i an p r i son e r s
w e r e s t one d t o d eat h at t h e t omb .

xx iii
 I N T R O D U C TI O N
O er at i v e p ri n ci p l e in an cie n t G ree k re l i g i on a n d
p ,

t h at t h e see d s o f d i v i n i ty w hich i t s o w e d w ere p r o

b ab l y s t i ll m o r e p r ol ific i n e arl ier an d l ess en l i g h t ene d
ag es for i t app e ars t o be a l aw o f t he ol og ic al e v ol u
t i o n t h at t h e n u m b er o f dei t ies in e x is t enc e at an y
m om e n t v ari e s in v erse ly w i t h t h e s t at e of k n owl e d g e
of th e p eri o d m u l t i ply i n g o r d w i n d l i n g as t h e
,

b o u n d aries o f i g n o ran ce ad v ance or rece d e E v en i n .

t h e his t o ric al ag e o f G reece t h e r an k s o f t h e ce l es t i al

hi erarchy w ere s o me t imes recr u i t e d n o t b y t h e s l o w
,

r o cess o f i n d i v i d u al c an o ni z at i o n as w e ma c a ll i t
p , y ,

b u t b y a l e vy in m ass as w h en all t h e g all ant m en

w h o d ied for t h e freed o m o f G reece at Mar at h o n an d
P l at ae a recei v e d t h e fi rs t s t e p o f p r o m o t i on on t h e
he av en l y l ad der b y bei n g acc or d e d her o ic h o n o u rs ,

w hich t hey e nj oy e d d o w n t o t h e sec o nd cen t u ry of

ou r e r a 1 .

w ou l d b e an err o r t o s u pp o se t h at al l G ree k
Ye t i t
h er o es an d h er o i n es h ad o nce been l i v e men an d
w ome n Man y o f t hem w ere d ou b t l ess p u re l y
.

A s t o t h e h e r o i c h on ou r s acc o r d e d t o t h e d e ad at M ar a
1

t h on , s e e Pau s an i as , i 3 2 4 ; C orp u s I n scrip ti on u m A tti

. .

c aru m , ii N o 4 7 1 . . R e mai n s of t h e s acr i fic e s o ffe r e d t o t h e

.

d e ad s o l d i e r s h av e c o me t o lig h t at Marat h on i n mod e r n t i me s .

S e e my c omme n t ary on Pau s an i as , v ol ii 4 33 s q A s t o t h e

. . .

h e ro i c h on o u r s e n j oy e d b y t h e d e ad at Pl at aea, se e Th u cy
d i d e s , i ii 5 8. P l u t arch , A ri s ti d es , 2 1 G K ai b e l , Ep i gr am
.

mat a Gr aec a ex l ap i d i b u s co n l ecta ( B e r li n , No 46 1,

s
.

1 83 I n s crip ti o ne s Gr a ec ae M eg ar i di s Or op i ae B o eoti ae, e .

G Di t t e nb e r g e r ( B e r li n ,
. N o 5 3 , pp 3 1 s q I n t h e
. . .

i n s cr ip t i on t h e d e ad ar e d e fi n i t e ly s ty l e d h e r oes , an d i t
“

i s me n t i on e d t h at t h e h u l l w as s t ill s acr i fic e d t o t h e m b y t h e
“ ”
c i t y d o wn t o ou r t i me ( “ expl s é q f

m
ay ) .

xx v i
 I N T RO D U CTI O N

an d h ad h is r at i o ns ser v e d o u t t o him o n l y o nce a

1
y e ar . I t is d i fli c u l t t o c o n cei v e h o w o n s u ch a sc al e

o f rem u n er at i o n t h e oo r her o c o n t ri v e d t o s u bsis t

p
fr om on e y e ar s e n d t o t h e o t h er
’

Th e s y s t em o f Eu he m er u s w hich res o l v es t h e g o d s ,

in t o de ad m e n u n q u es t i on ab l y s u ffe rs fro m t h e v ice

,

inheren t i n al l sy s t ems w hich w o ul d e x p l ain t h e i n

fi ni t e m u l t i p l ici ty an d d i v ersi ty o f p h e n o me n a b y a
si n gl e sim p l e p rinci pl e as i f a si n gl e c l u e l i k e , ,

Ari ad n e s t hre ad c o u l d g u ide u s t o t h e h e ar t o f t his

’

l aby ri n t hine u n i v erse ; ne v er t h e l ess t h e t he ory o f

t h e ol d G ree k t hi n k er c o n t ai n s a s u bs tan t i al e l e m e n t
of t ru th fo r d ee p d o w n in h u m an n at u re i s t h e
,

t en d ency p o w er fu l fo r g oo d as w e ll as fo r e v i l t o
, ,

gl o ri fy an d w o rshi p o u r fe ll o w m e n cr ow n in g t h e ir -
,

m or t al br o w s w i t h t h e au re ol e as w e ll as t h e b ay .

Whi l e m an y o f t h e G ree k g o d s as O u ran o s an d G e , ,

H e l i os an d S e l e n e t h e N ai ad s t h e Dry ads an d s o
, , ,

on ,
ar e direc t an d t ran s p are n t p e rson i fi c at i on s o f
n at u ral p o w ers ; an d w hi l e o t her s s u ch as N i k e , ,

Hy g iei a an d T y ch e are e q u all y d irec t an d t ran s

, ,

r s o n i fi cat i o n s o f abs t r ac t i d e as
aren t 2
p p e i t is p os sib l e ,

1
A t h e n ae u s v 1 1 5 1 pp 2 9 7 E 2 9 8 A
, .
, .
-
.

2
T h e p e r son i fic at i on an d d e i fi c at i o n o f ab s t rac t i de as i n
G r e e k an d R o man r e ligi o n are ill u s t r at e d wi t h a g r e at ,

w e al t h of l e ar n i n g b y L De u b n e r i n W H R os ch e r s
, . . .
’

L ex i kon d er g ri ec h i s ch en u nd r omi sch en M y th olog i e iii

‘

, .

2 06 8 s q q . Wh at J u v e nal s ay s ( x 36 5 s q ) of t h e g od d e s s o f. .

Fo r t u n e o n e of t h e mos t p op u l ar of t h ese d e i fi e d ab st rac t i ons

, ,

mig h t b e s ai d wi t h e q u al t r u t h o f man y o t h e r god s an d

g od d e s s e s
N os te ,
N o s faci mu s For , mn a , d aam caeloqu e loc amu s .

xx v i
 I N T R O D U CT I O N
an d e v e n p r o bab l e t h at s ome members o f t h e
p an t he on s e t o u t o n t heir c areer o f gl o r
y as l
p p a i
me n an d w om e n t h o u g h w e c an n o l on g er t race
,

t heir p e d i g ree b ac k t hr o u g h t h e m is t s o f fab l e t o

t heir h u m b l e o ri g i n I n t h e h e r o es an d her o i n es
.

o f G r e e k l e g e n d an d hi s t o r w e se e t hese g or g e o u s
y
b e i n g s i n t h e chry s al is o r i n c u b at o ry s t ag e be fo re ,

t he y h av e l e arne d t o b u rs t t h e i n t e g u me n t s o f e ar t h
an d t o fl au n t t heir g au dy w i n g s i n t h e s u nshi n e o f

h e av e n Th e cere m e n t s st i ll c l i n g t o t heir w as t e d
.

frame s b u t w i ll s oon b e e x ch an g e d for a g ay er garb

,

i n t heir p as s ag e fr om t h e t omb t o t h e t em p l e .

B u t be s i d e s t h e my t hic al an d l e g e n d ary n arr at i v e s

w hich c om p o se t h e b u lk o f t h e Li b rary w e may ,

d e t ec t an o t her e l e m e n t in t h e w o r k o f o u r au t h o r
w hich o u g h t n ot t o be o v erl o ok e d an d t h at i s t h e
,

e l e me n t o f folk t al e -
.A s t h e d is t i n c t i o n be t w e e n
m y t h l e g e n d an d folk t al e is n o t al w ay s c l e ar ly
, ,
-

a reh e n d e d o r u n i fo rm l o b s er v e d i t ma be w ell
pp y , y
t o d e fin e t h e se n se i n w h ich I em p l o y t hes e t e r ms .

By m y t h s I u n d e rs t an d m i s t ak e n e x pl an at i o n s o f
he n omen a w he t her o f h u man l i fe o r of e x t er n al
p ,

n at u r e . S u ch e x pl an at i o n s o ri g in at e i n t h at i n
s t i n c t i v e c u ri o si t c o n cer n i n g t h e c au s e s o f t hin g s
y
w hich at a mor e ad v an ce d s t ag e o f k n owl e d g e see k s
s at is fac t i on i n p hi l o s o p h y an d sci e n c e b u t b ei n g
,

fo u n d e d o n i g n or an c e an d mi s ap p reh e n s i on t h e y ar e
alw a s fal se fo r w ere t h e t r u e t he w o u l d ce ase t o
y , y y
be m yt hs Th e s u bj e c t s o f my t h s ar e as n u mer o u s
.

as t h e o bj ec t s w hich resen t t h e m s e l v es t o t h e m in d
p
x x v ii
 I N T RO D U C T I O N
of man ; fo r e v e ry t hi n g e x ci t e s his c u ri os i t v an d o f ,

e v eryth i n g h e d e s ires t o l e arn t h e c au se A mo n g .

t h e l ar g er q u e s t i o n s w hic h m any p e o pl e s h av e
at t e m t e d t o ans w er b m t hs a t h se w hich
p y y re o

c oncern t h e ori g in of t h e w o r l d an d o f m an t h e ,

a ar e n t m o t i on s o f t h e h e av e n l b o d ies t h e re g u l ar
pp y ,

rec u rr e n ce o f t h e s e as o n s t h e g r o w t h an d d e c ay
,

o f v e g e t at i on t h e fall o f r ai n t h e p he n o m e n a o f
, ,

t h u n d er an d l i g h t n i n g o f ec l i p ses an d e ar t h q u ak e s
, ,

t h e d isc o v ery o f fire t h e i n v e n t i o n o f t h e u se fu l ar t s

, ,

t h e be g i n nin g s o f s o ci e t y a n d t h e m y s t ery o f d e at h
, .

I n sh or t t h e r an g e o f m y t hs is as w i d e as t h e w o r l d
, ,

bei n g c o e x t ensi v e w i t h t h e c u ri os i t y an d t h e ig n o
rance o f m an 1
.

By l e g e n d s I u n d e rs t an d t rad i t i o ns w he t her o r al ,

o r w ri tt en w hich re l at e t h e fo r t u nes o f re al p e op l e
,

in t h e p as t or w hich d escrib e e v e n t s n ot n e cess ari l y

'

, ,

1
B y a c u r i ou s li mi t at i on of vi e w s ome mo d e r n w r i t e r s
w ou l d r e s t r i c t t h e s c o pe o f my t h s t o r i t u al as i f n ot h i n g b u t
,

r i t u al w e r e fi t t e d t o s e t me n w on de r i n g an d me d i t at i n g o n t h e
c au se s of t h i n g s A s a r e c e n t w r i t e r h as p u t i t c on c is e ly
.
,

L es my th es s on t l es ex p li cat i ons d es ri tes ( F S ar t i au x

“ ”
.
,

La p h i l o s op h i e d e l h i s t o i r e d e s r e ligi o ns e t l e s o r igi n e s d u
’

Chr i s t i an i s me d an s l e d e r n i e r o u v rag e d e M L o i s y
”
R evu e
.
,

d u M oi s S e p t e mb r e O c t ob r e 1 9 2 0 p 1 5 o f t h e se p ar at e
,
-
, ,
.

r e p ri n t ) I t mig h t h av e b e e n t h ou g h t t h at me r e ly t o op e n
W
.

s u ch f amili ar c oll e c t i on s o f my t h s as u f
H e sio d t h e Li b r am o f Ap oll o d o ru s or t h e M etamor p h os es
, ,
o f O v i d w ou l d h av e s u ffic e d t o d i s s p at e s o e rr o n e o u s a c o n
,
i

c e p t i on ; fo r h o w s mall i s t h e at t e n t i o n p ai d t o r i t u al i n
t h e s e w o r k s ! N o d ou b t s ome my t h s h av e b e e n d e vi s e d t o
e xpl ai n r i t e s o f w h i ch t h e t r u e o r i gi n w as f o r g o t t e n ; b u t

t h e n u mb e r o f s u ch my t h s i s s mall p r ob ab ly al mo s t i nfi n i
,

t e s i mal l y s mall b y c o mp ar i s o n wi t h my t h s w h i ch d e al wi t h
,

o t h e r s u b j e c t s an d h av e h ad an ot h e r o r igi n .

x x v iii
 I N T ROD U C TI O N
h u man t h at ar e s ai d t o h av e o cc u rre d at re al p l aces
,
.

S u ch l e g e n d s c on t ai n a m i x t u r e o f t r u t h an d fal se
h ood fo r w ere t hey w h olly t r u e t he y w ou l d n ot be
, ,

l e g e n d s b u t his t o ries T h e p r o p o r t i on o f t r u t h an d
.

fal seh ood n at u rally v aries i n d i ffe r e n t l e g e n d s g e n e

r ally p e rh ap s fal s e h ood p r e do m i n at es at l e as t in
, , ,

t h e d e t ai l s an d t h e e l e me n t o f t h e m ar v e ll ou s or
,

t h e m irac u l ou s o ft en t h o u g h n ot al w ay s
,
e n t ers ,

l ar g e l y i n t o t hem .

By folk t al es I u n d ers t an d n arr at i v es i n v e n t ed b y

-

ers ons u n k n o w n an d h an d e d d o w n at firs t b w ord

p y
o f m o u t h fr o m g e n er at i o n t o g e n er at i o n n arr at i v e s ,

w hich t h ou g h t h e y p ro fe ss t o d escribe ac t u al o cc u r
,

r e n c e s ar e i n fac t u re l im ag i n ar h av i n g n o o t her
, p y y ,

ai m t h an t h e e n t er t ai n m e n t o f t h e h e ar e r an d m ak in g

n o re al c l aim o n his cre d u l i t I n sh or t t h e ar e

y .
y ,

fic t i ons p u re an d si mp l e d e v i s e d n ot t o i n s t r u c t or
,

e d i fy t h e l is t ener b u t o nl y t o am u se h i m ; t he y
,

be l on g t o t h e re g i on o f p u re r om an c e T h e z e al ou s .

s t u d en t o f myt h an d ri t u al more i n t en t o n e x pl ain

,

i n g t h an o n e n j oy i n g t h e l ore o f t h e p e op l e is t oo ,

a t t o i n v ad e t h e g ar d e n o f r o m an ce an d w i t h a
p
s w ee o f h i s sc t h e t o l a t h fl w ers o f fan c in
p y y e o y
th e d u st H e n ee d s t o b e re m i n d e d o cc asi o n ally
.

t h at w e mu s t n ot l oo k for a my t h o r a ri t e behi n d
e v e ry t al e l i k e a b u ll b e hin d e v e ry he d g e or a c an k er
,

i n e v e r y r os e T h e m i n d d e l i g h t s in a t r ai n o f
.

i mag ery fo r i t s o w n s ak e ap ar t fr o m an y u t i l i t y t o
be d e ri v e d fr o m t h e v isi on ar y sc e nes t h at p ass be fore
her j u s t as sh e is ch ar m ed b y t h e c on t em p l at i on o f
,

xx1x
 I N T RO D U C T I O N
a fair l an d sc ap e ,
ad o n
r e d w i t h g reen w oo d s s hi n i n g ,

ri v er s an d far b l u e hi ll s w i t h o u t t hi n k i n g o f t h e
, ,

t im b er w hich t h e w o o d m an s ax e w i ll fe ll in t hese
’

g re e n gl ad es o f t h e fi sh w h ich t h e an gl e r s l i n e w i l l
,
’

d raw fr o m t h e se shi n i n g p ool s o r o f t h e o r e w hich ,

t h e mi n e r s p ic k m ay o n e d ay h e w fr o m t h e b o w e l s
’

o f t h e s e far b l u e hi ll s A n d j u s t as i t is a m i s t ak e
.

t o se arch for a m y t hic al o r m ag ic al si g nific an ce in

e v ery s t ory w h ich o u r r u d e fore fat her s h av e b e
u e at h e d t o u s b w ord o f m o u t h so i t i s an err o r t o
q y ,

in t er p re t in t h e s ame s ad an d seri o u s sense e v ery

c ar v i n g an d p ic t u re w i t h w hich t h e y d ec or at e d t h e
w all s o f t h e ir c av e r n s F r om e arly t i mes w hi l e
.
,

s ome me n h av e t ol d s t o ries for t h e sheer j oy o f

t e ll in g t hem o t h e rs h av e d r aw n an d c ar v e d an d
,

ain t ed for t h e p u re p l e as u re w hich t h e mi n d t ak es

p
i n mimicry t h e h an d i n d e ft m ani p u l at i o n an d t h e
, ,

e e in be au t i fu l fo rms an d c ol o u rs
1
y Th e u t i l i t ari an .

cree d is g ood an d t r u e on l y on c on d i t i on t h at w e
in t er p re t u t i l i t y in a l arg e an d l iber al se n se an d d o ,

1 M . M arc e lli n l
B ou e h as at ely mad e s ome j u di c i ou s
l
ob s e r v at i o n s on t h e t e n de n cy t o p u s h t oo far t h e magi c al
i n t e r p r e t at i on of p r e h i s t o r i c c av e p ai n t i n g s W i t h ou t d e n yi n g
.

t h at magi c h ad i t s pl ac e i n t h e s e e ar ly w or k s o f ar t h e c o n ,

c l u d e s wi t h g r e at v e r i s i mili t u d e t h at i n t h e b e g i n n i n g
’

, , l ar t
p r ob ab l em’en t qu u n e man if es tati on p ar ti cu li er e d u n
’ ’ ’
n es t
”
es p ri t g é n ér a l d i mi tati o n de j a s i d év el op p é ch ez l es s i ng es .

S e e h i s b oo , L es H ommes os s i l es ( Par s ,
k F 2 60 n o t e i p. .

A s m ar v ei il i w
of t h e or i n o f ar t i n e mo t o n a
gi m u se s i l i p l
r at h e r t h an i n t h e d e b e r at e an d u r os e f u ac t io n o f ma c
li p p l gi
an d r e i l gion , i s e r e ss ed b y M r arat Ch an d ra R oy i n h i s
xp . S
ab e l w k
o r , P ri n ci p an d M eth ods of P h y s i cal A n th ro

p olog y ( Pat n a, 87 sqpp . .

XXX
 I N T R O D U C TI O N
n ot res t ric t i t t o t h e b are s at is fac t i on o f t h o s e b od i l y
ins t i n c t s o n w hich u l t i mat e l y d e p en d s t h e c on t in u
ance b ot h o f t h e i n d i v i d u al an d o f t h e s p ecie s .

I f t hes e d efi n i t i ons be acce pt e d w e may s ay t h at ,

my t h h as i t s s ou rc e i n re as on l e g e n d i n m em o ry , ,

an d fo lk t al e i n i mag i n at i on ;
- an d t h at t h e t hree

ri p e r p r od u c t s of t h e h u man mi n d w hich c o rres p on d

t o t hese i t s cr u de cr e at i ons ar e scie n ce his t or y an d , ,

r o man ce .

B u t w hi l e e d u c at e d an d refl e c t i v e men can c l e ar ly

d is t in g u ish b e t w ee n m y t h s l e g e n d s an d folk t al es
, ,
-
,

i t w ou l d be a m is t ak e t o s u pp o se t h at t h e p e op l e ,

am on g w h o m t hese v ari o u s n arrat i v e s c o mm o n l cir

y
c u l at e an d w h o se i n t e ll ec t u al cr av i n g s t h ey s at is fy
, ,

c an alw a s o r h abi t u all

y y d i s crimi n at e be t w e e n t hem .

Fo r t h e m o s t p ar t p erh ap s t h e t hree s o r t s o f n arra

, ,

t i v e s ar e acce pt e d b y t h e fo lk as all e q u all y t r u e or

at l e as t e q u all y p r o b ab l e
-
T o t ak e A p oll od or u s fo r
.
,

e x amp l e as a t y p e of t h e c o mm on m an t here i s n ot
, ,

t h e l e as t i n d ic at i o n t h at h e d re w an y d is t i n c t i o n i n
res p ec t o f t r u t h or p r ob ab i l i t y b e t w ee n t h e v e ry
d i fferen t k i n d s o f n arr at i v e w hich h e i n c l u d e d i n
t h e L i b rary T o h i m t h e y se e m t o h av e be e n all
.

e q u ally cre d ib l e ; or i f he en t er t ai n e d an y d o u b t s as
t o t h e ir cre d i b i l i t y h e c ar e fu ll y s u pp re s se d t he m
, .

Am o n g t h e s p eci me n s or r at h e r m o rse l s o f p o p u
, ,

l ar fic t i on w hich m e e t u s i n h i s p ag e s w e may i n s t an ce
t h e t al es o f M e l e ag er M e l amp u s M e d e a G l au c u s
, , , ,

Perse u s Pe l e u s an d T h e t is w hich al l be ar t r aces

, , ,

of t h e s t o r
’

y t e ll-
e r s art as a p e ars
p
, p l ai n l
y en ou g h

x xx 1
 I N T RO D U C TI O N
w he n w e c om p ar e t hem w i t h simi l ar inci d en t s in
u n d ou b t e d fo lk t al es -
T o s ome o f t h e s e s t o ri e s
.
,

w i t h t h e c omp aris on s w hich t h e y in v i t e I h av e

'

c all e d at t en t i o n i n t h e n ot es an d A pp e n d i x b u t ,

t h eir n u mber mi g h t n o d o u b t e asi l y be e n l ar g e d .

I t see m s n o t i mp r o b ab l e t h at t h e e l e m e n t o f folk
t al e b u lk s l ar g er i n G ree k t r ad i t i o n t h an h as c o m
mo n ly been s u s p ec t e d Whe n t h e s t u dy o f folk l ore
.
-

is m ore c o m p l e t e an d e x ac t t h an at p rese n t i t m ay ,

b e p o s s ib l e t o t r ace t o t h eir s o u rces m an y ri vu l e t s o f

o u l ar fic t i o n w hich c o n t rib u t e d t o s w e l l t h e br o ad
p p
an d s t at e l t i d e o f an cien t l i t er at u re 1
y .

In s o me re s p ec t s t h e L i b rary o f A p oll o d o r u s r e
sem b l es t h e b o ok o f G e nesis B ot h w o rk s p rofess
.

t o rec o r d t h e his t o r y o f t h e w or l d fr om t h e cre at i on ,

o r at all e v en t s fr om t h e o r d eri n g o f t h e m a te ri al

u ni v erse d o w n t o t h e t ime w he n t h e an ces t o rs o f

,

t h e au t h o r s p e op l e e m er g e d i n t h e l an d w hich w as
’

t o b e t h e h ome o f t h eir r ace an d t h e s cene o f t h eir

'

1
Amon g r e c en t w or k s w h i ch mar k a d i s t i n c t ad v an c e
i n t h e s t u d y o f f olk t al e s I w ou l d p ar t i c u l ar ly me n t i on
-

t h e mo d e s t ly n ame d A n mer ku n g en z u d en K i nd er a nd
H au s mci rch en d er B r u der Gri mm b y J o h ann e s Bol t e an d
'

G e o r g Po l i vk a p u b li s h e d i n t hr e e o c t av o v ol u me s L e ip s i c
, , ,

1 9 13 1 9 1 8
-
A fou r t h v ol u me
. c on t ai ni n g an i n d e x an d a
,

s u r v e y o f t h e f o lk t al e s o f o t h e r p e o pl e s
-
i s p r o mi s e d and
,

will ad d g r e at ly t o t h e u t ili t y of t h i s v e r y l e ar ne d w o rk ,

w h i ch d oe s h onou r t o G e r man s ch ol ar s h ip E v e n as
.

it is ,
t h ou g h i t d e al s on ly wi t h t h e G e r man s t or i e s

c oll e c t e d b y t h e t w o G r i mms t h e b ook c on t ai n s t h e f u ll e s t

,

b i b li og r ap h y o f f o lk t al e s wi t h w h i ch I am ac q u ai n t e d
-
I .

r e g r e t t h at i t d id n o t r e ach me u n t il al l my n ot e s w e r e
p as s e d for t h e p r e ss b u t I h av e b e en ab l e t o mak e some u se
,

o f i t i n t h e A pp e n d ix .

x x x ii
 I N T R O D U C TI O N
a br u pt ly i n t h e midd le o f T hese u s s ad ve n t u res o n
’

his firs t j ou rney t o A t hens This o f i t se l f raises a

.

res u m t i n t h at al l are c ies f de fec t i

p p o o
p o o n e ve

o ri g in al
. Th e l at es t edi t o r Mr Rich ard Wagner
, .
,

en u mer at es fou r t een m an u scri pt s of w hich h e h as

,

em p l oy ed t e n for his recensi on o f t h e t e x t Am o n g .

t hem he sin gl es o u t o n e as t h e arche ty p e fr om w hich

al l t h e o t her e x t an t m an u scri t s are deri v e d I t is
p .

a fo u r t een t h cen t u r m an u scri p t in t h e Nat i o n al

y
Library at Paris an d be ars t h e n u mber 2 7 2 2 Mr . .

Wag ner desi g n at es i t b y t h e sy mb ol R Th e ot her .

nine m an u scri p t s em pl oy ed b y him he arr an g es i n

t hre e c l asses as fo ll ow s
,

T h e fi rs t c l ass c o m p rises t wo m an u scri p t s n ame l y ,

o n e o f t h e fi ft een t h cen t u r in t h e B o d l ei an L ibr ary

y
at O x fo rd an d o n e o f t h e fi ft een t h
( L au di an u s

o r si x t e en t h cen t u ry at Paris ( n u mbered

Mr W ag ner desi g n at es t h e O x fo rd m an u scri p t b y
.

t h e s y mb o l 0 an d t h e P aris m an u scri p t b y t h e
s y mb ol R ‘
.

Th e sec ond c l ass desi g nat ed b y t h e s y mb o l B

, ,

c om p rises t hree m an u scri pt s n ame l y a Pal at ine

,

Vat ic an m an u scri p t of t h e si x t een t h cen t u ry n u m ,

bered 5 2 ( sy mb ol P ) ; a Paris m an u scri p t of t h e

b
si x t een t h cen t u ry n u mbered 1 6 5 3 ( s y mb ol R ) an d
, ,

an o t h er P aris m an u scri t o f t h e fi ft ee n t h cen t u r

p y ,

n u m b ere d 1 6 5 8 ( sy mb ol
T h e t h i rd c l ass desi g n at ed b y t h e s y mb ol C c o m
, ,

p rise s fo u r m an u scri t s n ame l

p , y a V at ic an m an u scri t
p
o f t h e fi ft een t h cen t u r u mbere d 1 0 1 7 sy mb o l V ) ;
y,
n (
x xxiv
 I N T RO D U C TI O N

a man u scri pt o f t h e fi ft een t h cen t u ry in t h e Lau ren

t i an L ibrary at Fl o rence n u mbered L X 2 9 ( sy mb ol , .

L) ; a m an u scr i p t o f t h e fi ft ee n t h cen t u ry at Nap l e s ,

n u mbered 1 1 1 A l ( sy mb o l N) ; an d a man u scri p t of

.

th e fi ft een t h cen t u ry at T u rin n u mbered C I I 1 1 .

( y
s mb ol T
) .

Besides t hese Mr W ag ner men t i ons fo u r m an u

,
.

scri p t s w hich app e ar n ot t o h av e been acc u rat e ly

c oll at e d T hey are : a m an u scri pt of t h e si x t een t h
.

cen t u ry in t h e B o d l e i an Library at O x fo rd ( d O rvi l ’

l ian u s X I 1 . . a m an u scri t o f t h e si x t een t h

, p
cen t u ry in t h e Bri t ish Mu se u m ( Harl e i an u s
a m anu scri t o f t h e si x t e en t h cen t r at T u rin
p u
y
an d a m an u scri t o f t h e si x t een t h cen t u r
( B I V
.
p y
in t h e B arberi n i p al ace at Ro me ( T O f t hese
t h e Bri t ish M u se u m m an u scri p t is re p or t e d t o be
w e l l w ri t t en an d t h e t wo I t al i an m an u scri p t s to be
,

v er b ad
y .

S u ch w ere t h e m at eri al s w hich e x is t ed for es t ab

l i s h i n g t h e t e x t o f t h e Li b r ary d o w n t o 1 88 5 w h en ,

Mr R Wag ner e x ammm g s ome my t h ol og ic al w o r k s

. .
,

in t h e Vat ican Library at R o me w as so for t u n at e as ,

t o d isc ov er a G ree k m an u scri p t ( N o of t h e e nd.

of t h e fou rt een t h cen t u r w hich c o n t ains an e i t o me

y , p
of t h e Li b rar i n c l u din g t h e g re at er art of t h e
y , p
o r t i o n at t h e e n d w hich h ad l o n g be e n l o s t T w
p o .

e ars l at er M r A P a ad o u l o s K e rame u s d isc o v ere d

y p p
-
. .

frag men t s o f a simi l ar e p i t o me in a G ree k m an u scri p t

at Jer u s al em T h e m an u scri p t fo rmerl y be l o n g ed t o
.

t h e m o n as t ery ( lau r a o f S t S abb as an d h e nce is

) .

xxx v
 I N T R O D U C TI O N
k n ow n as t h e Codex S ab b aiticu s It is n ow p reser v ed
.

in t h e l ibrary o f t h e pat ri arch at Jer u s al em an d be ars

t h e n u mber 3 6 6 By a c u ri o u s c o i n cide n ce t h e
.

d isc o v erers p u b l ished t h e t w o e p i t omes al m o s t si m u l

t an e ou sl y b u t w i t h ou t an y k n o wl ed g e o f e ac h o t h er 1
, .

T h e t e x t o f t h e t w o e p i t omes t h o u g h i n g e n eral
,

ag reemen t d o es n ot al wa s c o incid e e x ac t l Where

, y y .

t h e t e x t o f t h e V at ic an e p i t o me d i ffers fr o m t h e
S ab b ai t i c i t s ome t imes ag rees w i t h t h e t e x t o f
,

A p o ll o d o r u s as q u ot e d b y T z e t z es an d t his ag ree ,

men t h as l ed M r W ag n er t o c o nc l u d e t h at T z e t z es
.

is t h e au t h o r o f t h e Vat ic an e p i t ome C e rt ain l y .

T z e t z es w as w e ll ac q u ain t e d w i t h t h e Li b rary o f
A poll od or u s an d d re w u p o n i t l ar g e l y i n his l e arn ed
c o mmen t ary o n Ly c op hr o n I t w o u l d n ot t here fore
.
, ,

be s u r p risin g i f he h ad m ade an abrid g men t o f i t fo r

h is o wn u se or t h at of his p u p il s T h e h y pot h esis .

o f his au t h orshi is c o nfi rmed b t h e o bser v at i o n t h at

p y
t h e s am e m an u scri p t w hich c on t ains t h e Vat ic a n
,
’

e p i t ome c on t ains al s o p ar t of Tz e t z e s s c ommen t ary

,

o n L c o hr o n
y p .

1
Th e V a t i c an e pi t o me was p u b li s h e d b y M r R W ag n e r . .

i n a s e p ar at e v ol u me wi t h Lat i n n ot e s and d i sse r t at i on s at

, ,

L e ip s i c i n 1 8 9 1 u n de r t h e t i t l e E p i toma Vati c an a ex A p o l
,

todori B i b li oth eca edi di t R i ch ar du s Wag n er A cc ed u n t Ou r ae

, ,

M y th ogr ap h ae de A p oll odori f on ti b u s T h e S ab b ai t ic fr ag

.

me n t s of t h e e pi t o me w e r e p u b l i s h e d b y M r A Pap ad o . .

p u l os K e rame u s in Rh ei n i s ch es M u s eu m N F x l vi
-
, . . .

pp 1 6 1 1 9 2 u n de r t h e t i t l e A p ollodori B i b li oth ec ae f ragmenta

.
-

S ab b ai ti ca . T h e S ab b ai t i c man u s cr ip t w as e x ami n e d ag ai n
b y M r H A ch el i s an d s o me c o rr e c t e d r e ad i n g s w h i ch h e
. .
,

re p o r t ed w e re p u b li s h e d b y P ro fe s so r He r man n Di e l s i n t h e
s ame v ol u me o f t h e R h ei n i s ch es M u s e u m pp 6 1 7 s q , . .

x x x vi
 I N T RO D U CT I O N
2 . E ditions . Th e firs t edi t i o n o f t h e Lib rary w as
u b l ishe d b B e ne d ic t u s A e i u s at R o me in 1 5 55
p y g .

I n i t t h e G ree k t e x t is acc o mp anied b y a Lat in

t rans l at i o n an d fol lo w e d b y s ome n o t es . T h e sec o n d
e d i t i on w as p re p are d b y t h e sch ol ar an d p rin t er
Hier o ny mus Comme l in u s an d p u b l ishe d p o s t h u m ou s l y
at his p ress in He i d e l ber g in 1 5 9 9 . I t c on t ains t h e
Lat in v ersi o n o f A e g i u s as w e ll as t h e G ree k t e x t ,

an d
p refi x ed t o i t ar e a fe w cri t ic al n ot es b
y C o m
me l i nu s chiefl y rec or d in g t h e re ad i n g s o f t h e Pal at ine
,

man u scri p t Th e ne x t edi t i on was br o u g h t o u t b y

.

T an aq u i l F ab er ( S al mu ri i ,
I h av e n ot seen i t ,

b u t acc or d in g t o H e y n e i t c o n t ains s o me s l i g h t an d
h as ty n o t es n ot u n w or t h y of a sch ol ar T h e ne x t .

e d i t o r was t h e l e arne d En gl ish sch ol ar T h om as G al e ,

F e ll o w o f T rini t y Coll e g e Cambri d g e an d R e g i u s

, ,

Pr o fess or of G ree k in t h e Uni v ersi t y H e edi t e d .

A p o ll o d o r u s al on g w i t h t h e my t h ol o g ic al t re at ises o f
Co n o n P t ol em ae u s H e p h ae st i o n i s P ar t heni u s an d
, , ,

Ant onin u s Li b e ral i s i n a v ol u m e e n t i t l e d His toriae

,

Poeticae S crip tores A ntiqu i w hich w as p u b l ished or at

, ,

all e v e n t s
p rin t ed,
at P aris in 1 6 7 5 . F o r his recen

si on of A p oll o d o r u s he u sed t h e re ad i n g s o f at l e as t
o n e O x fo r d m an u scri p t b u t acc o rdin g t o H e n e he
, y
was n ot v ery d i l i g en t in c o ns u l t i n g i t . Hi s t e x t o f
Apoll od or u s an d t h e o t her my t h og rap hers i s ac c o m
a nied b a L at i n t r ans l at i o n an d fo ll o w e d b cri t ic al
p y y
an d e x e g e t ic al n ot es .

A ll p re v i o u s edi t i ons o f A p oll od or u s w ere s u p er

se ded b t h on e w hich t h i ll u s t ri o u s G erm an
y e e

x xx vu
 I N T RO D U CTI O N

sch ol ar C G H e y ne p u b l ished w i t h a c o p i o u s cri t ic al

. .

an d e x e g e t ic al c o mmen tary It ap p e ared i n t wo .

v o l u mes fi rs t in 1 7 8 2 an d 1 7 8 3 an d s ft e rward s
, , ,

re v ised an d im p ro v ed at G o t t i n g en in ,
T h o u gh
he did n ot himse l f c ons u l t an y m an u scri pt s h e u sed ,

t h e c oll at i o ns o f se v er al m an u scri p t s inc l u d in g t h e ,

P al at ine Vat ic an Medice an an d t w o i n t h e R oy al

, , ,

Libr ary at Paris w h ic h h ad been m ad e m any y e ars

,

be fo re b y a y ou n g sch ol ar G erard J ac o b v an ,

Sw inden fo r an edi t i o n o f A poll od o r u s w hich h e

,

h ad p l anned He y ne al s o m ade u s e o f s o me e x t r ac t s
.

fro m a t hird m an u scri p t in t h e R oyal L ibr ary at

Paris w hich w ere p ro c u red for him b y J S ch w ei g
, .

h au ser Wi t h t h e he l p o f t hese c o ll at i ons an d h is

.

o wn admir ab l e cri t ic al s agaci t y H e y ne was abl e t o ,

rest o re t h e t e x t of A p oll o d o r u s in many pl aces an d ,

t o p u r g e i t o f m any al ien w o rds or s e n t ences w hich

h ad been in t er p ol at ed fr o m sch ol i a o r o t h er s ou rces
b y t h e fi rs t e di t o r A e g i u s an d re t ained b y l at e r
, ,

edi t o rs H i s c ommen tary be ars am pl e w i t ness t o

.
.

his l e arnin g ac u men an d good sense an d fu ll y

, , ,

s u st ains his hi g h re p u tat io n as a sch ol ar .

A ne w edi t i o n of A p oll od o r u s was p u bl ish ed in

t w o v ol u mes w i t h a F rench t rans l at i o n an d n o t es b y
,

E Cl av ier at P aris in 1 8 0 5 an d an ot her w i t h n ot es

.
, , ,

1
Th i s c
s e on d i ssu ed i n t w o for ms one i n
ed i t i on was ,

o c t av o t h e o t h e r i n s mall e r v ol u mes
,
I h av e u sed t h e .

o c t av o e d i t i o n T h e fir s t v o l u me c on t ai n s t h e G ree k t e x t
.

wi t h i n t rod u c t i on an d cri ti c al n ot es b u t n o t ran s lat i on ,

.

T h e s e c ond v ol u me c o n t ai ns t h e e x e g e t i c al c o mme n tary .

x x x vh i
 I N T RO D U C T IO N
a
pp rena t l y in L a t in b y Ch r ,L S o mmer
. . a t R u d o l
s t ad t in 1 8 2 2 These t wo edi t i ons l i k e t h e e arl y
.
,

on e o f F aber , I h av e n o t s een an d k n o w t hem o n l

y
b y re p ort In t h e firs t v ol u me of his g re at e d i t i on
.

o f t e fr gm n t s
h a e o f h
t e G ree k s t r n s C Mull er
h i o 1 a 1
, .

i n c l u ded t h e t e x t o f Ap oll o d or u s w i t h a Lat in t rans

l at i on H e h ad t h e ad v an t ag e of u s in g for t h e firs t
.

t ime a c oll at i o n o f t h e P aris m an u scri p t 2 7 22 w hich , ,

as w e h av e seen is n o w be l ie v ed t o be t h e arch e t e
, yp
of all t h e e x t an t m an u scri p t s o f A p oll o d or u s Th e .

t e x t o f A p ol lo d o r u s w as e d i t ed w i t h cri t ic al n o t es
, ,

b y A Wé s t e rman n in his c oll ec t i o n o f ancien t G ree k

' /

my t h ol og is t s ( S crip tores Poeticae H is tori ae G raeci ,

Br u ns w ic k ,
b u t h e c o ll at ed n o m an u scri p t s
for t h e p u r p ose A n d c o n t rary t o his u s u al p r ac t ice
.

t h e g re at sch ol ar I mm an u e l Be kk er al s o c o ll at ed n o
m an u scri pt s fo r t h e edi t i o n of A poll od o r u s w hich h e
p u b l ishe d
( T e ub ne r L ei p sic , ,
N e v er t he l ess ,

re ly in g on his o wn e x ce ll en t j u d g men t p r o fo u n d ,

k n owl ed g e o f G ree k an d l o n g e x p erience o f t h e

,

w ay s o f c opy ist s he p r od u ced a s ou n d t e x t co r

, ,

re ct e d i n l aces b his c o nj ec t u res T h e edi t i n f

p y . o o

R H ercher w hich fo ll o w ed ( Wei d m ann Ber l i n

.
, ,

1 8 7 4) i s ch arac t eri z e d b y t h e in tr o d u c t i o n o f m any

c onj ec t u ral re adin g s a fe w of t h em pl au sibl e o r
,

r o b ab l e a nd b s u ch c o i ou s e x cisi o ns t h at t his
p , y p

Frag men ta H i s tori coru m Graecoru m fi v e v ol u mes Par i s

1
, , .

Th e pr e fac e t o t h e fir s t v ol u me i s dat e d Feb r u ary 1 8 4 1 ; ,

t h e pre fac e t o t h e fift h v ol u me i s d at ed No ve mb er 1 86 9 , .

x xx ix
 I N T RO D U C T I O N
s l ashin g cri t ic may al m o s t b e s aid t o h av e m an gl e d
rat h er t h an emended h i s au t h o r .

L as t l y t h e t e x t o f A p o ll o d o r u s s u p pl em e n t ed fo r
, ,

t h e fi rs t t ime b y t h e V at ic an an d S ab b ai t i c e p i t o mes ,

w as e d i t ed w i t h a c o ncis e cri t i c al apparat u s an d

in d ices b y M r Rich ar d W ag ner.

By me an s o f h is e x t e n si v e c o ll at i o n o f
m an u scri p t s an d p ar t ic u l ar l y b y a c om p ari so n o f t h e
,

Vat ic an an d S ab b ait i c e p i t o mes w hich are c l e ar l y ,

i n de p en d e n t o f o u r o t her m an u scri p t s an d o ft e n
c o n t ain be t t er re adi n g s Mr Wag ner s u ccee d e d i n
,
.

res t o ri n g t h e t r u e t e x t i n m an y p l aces H e h as .

e arned t h e g r at i t u d e o f al l s t u d en t s n o t o n l y o f ,

A p oll o d o r u s b u t of G ree k myt h ol ogy b y his for t u n at e ,

d isc o v ery o f t h e V at ic an e p i t o me an d b y hi s c are fu l

an d j u dici ou s re censi o n o f t h e t e x t .

I n t h e p resen t e d i t i o n t h e t e x t is b ase d o n t h at o f
M r W ag ner b u t i n d o u b t fu l pass ag es I h av e c om
.
,

p are d t h e edi t i o ns o f H e ne
y M u ll er Wes t
,
erm an n , ,

Be kk er an d H ercher an d o cc as i o n all y t h e o l der

, ,

edi t i o ns of A e g i u s Comme l i n u s an d G al e ; an d I
, ,

h av e e x ercised my o wn j u d g men t i n t h e se l ec t i o n o f
t h e re ad in g s A ll v ari at i ons fr o m Mr W ag n er s
’

. .

t e x t ar e rec o rded in t h e foo t n ot es I h av e c oll at ed .

n o m an u scri t s an d m re fere n ces t o t heir re adi n g s

p y ,

ar e w i t h o u t e x ce t i o n deri v ed fr o m m re d ecess o rs
, p , y p ,

al m o s t all fr o m t h e cri t ic al a ar at u s o f Mr W ag ner

pp .
,

w h ose sy mb ol s I h av e u se d t o desi g n at e t h e m an u
s c ri pt s Conj ec t u r al e mend at i o n s of my own h av e
.

been v ery r are ly ad mi t t ed b u t in t hi s res p ec t I h av e

,

x 1
 I N T RO D U C T I O N
v ersi ons are o ft en so s l i gh t t h at i t w as n ot alw ay s
e asy t o decide w hich t o p rin t in t h e t e x t an d w hich
t o re l e gat e t o t h e fo ot n o t es . I h av e e n d e av ou red t o
g i v e t h e p re ference in e v ery c ase t o t h e fu ll e r an d
be tt er v ersi o n an d w here t h e c o nsi d er at i o ns o n e ach
,

side w ere v ery e v en l y b al anced I h av e g enerall y I

, ,

be l ie v e se l ec t ed t h e Vat ic an v ersi on bec au se o n

, ,

t h e w h ol e i t s G ree k s t y l e seems s o me w h at p u rer

an d t h ere fo re m o re l i k e l t o c o rres o n d w i t h t h e
y p
o ri g in al .

As t h e Lib rary i s n o d ou b t chiefl y u se d as a w o r k

o f re ference b y sch o l ars w h o d esire t o re fresh t heir

mem ory w i t h t h e de t ai l s o f a m yt h o r l e g en d o r t o
t race s o me t al e t o i t s s ou rce I h av e s o u gh t t o c o n s u l t
,

t heir c o n v enience b y re ferrin g i n t h e n ot es t o t h e

rinci al ass ag es o f o t her a nci en t w ri t ers w here
p p p
e ach p ar t ic u l ar s t ory is t old an d h av e o ft en t h ou g h
, ,

n ot alw a s briefl i ndic at e d h ow far A oll o d o r u s

y , y p
ag rees w i t h or d i ffers fr o m t hem . F u r t h e r in
,

c o mmen t in g o n my au t h o r I h av e i ll u s t rat e d s ome

o in t s o f fo lk l o re b y p ar all e ls dr aw n fr o m o t h er
p
-

e o l es b ut I h av e abs t ained fr o m disc u ssi n g at

p p ,

l e n g t h t heir o ri g in an d si g nifi c ance bec au se s u ch

,

disc u ssi ons w ou l d be fo rei g n t o t h e sc op e o f t h e

series t o w hich t his edi t i o n o f A p oll o d or u s be l o n g s .

For t h e s ame re as o n I h av e bare l y all u d ed to t h e

m on u men t al e v idence w hich w ou l d fo rm an indis
,

ens ab l e a r t f a re g u l ar c o mmen t ar o n A o ll o
p p o
y p
d or u s Many of t h e m o n u men t s h av e al re ad y b e e n
’

described an d disc u ssed b y me in my c ommen t ary

x l ii
 I N T RO D U C T I ON
on Pau s an i as an d i n order t o av o i d re p e t i t i on an d
, ,

t o s av e s p ace I h av e all o w ed m y se l f n ot i n fr e q u e n t l y
,

t o r e fer my re aders t o t h at w o rk . Ev en s o I fe ar I ,

h av e c o nsi d er ab l y t rans g r e s s e d t h e l i mi t s u s u al l y se t
t o ann ot at i on i n t his seri es ; an d I desire t o t h an k
t h e G ener al E d i t o rs for t h e k ind i n d u lg ence w hich
h as p er mi tt e d an d p ar d o n ed t h e t ran s g ressi o n .

J . G . F R AZ E R .

1, B R I CK CO UR T , T E M P L E ,
L O N DO N .

5 th Ap r i l , 1 9 2 1 .

x l iii
 S UMM A R Y
1

I .
-
T H EO G O NY .

B ook I .
, Ch ap s . l .
—
VI .

O FF S P R I N G of S ky an d E ar t h : t h e Hu n d r e d h and e d , -

Cy cl op e s , T i t an s , i 1 — 3. Th e T i t an s at t ack an d mu t i l at e
.

S ky , origi n o f t h e F u ri e s , i 4 Th e chi l d r e n of Cr o n u s
. .

an d R h e a, t h e b ir th of Z e u s , i 5 — 7 Z e u s con q u e r s t h e
. .

T i t an s an d d i v i de s t h e k i n g d om wi t h h i s b r o t h e r s , ii 1 . .

O ffs p r i n g o f t h e Ti tan s , ii 2— 5 O ffs p ri n g o f S e a an d

. .

E ar t h , ii 6 — 7
. .

C h i l d r e n of Z e u s b y He ra, T h e mi s , Di on e , E u ry n o me ,
S ty x an d M e mor y ( t h e M u s e s ) , i i i 1 Ch i l d r e n of t h e . .

M u s e s : Call i o pe s c h i l d r e n L i n u s an d O r ph e u s , iii 2 ,
’
.

Cl i o s c h i l d Hy aci n t h ( T h amy ri s ) , iii 3 , E u t e r p e 8 c h i l d

’ ’
.

R h e s u s , T h al i a s ch i l d r e n t h e Co ry b an t e s , M e l p ome n e s
’ ’

ch i l d r e n t h e Sir e n s , iii 4 H e p h ae s t u s , iii 5

. . Th e . .

b ir t h o f A t h e na, iii 6 . A s t e ri a, Lat on a, t h e b ir th o f

.

Ar t e mi s an d Ap oll o A p oll o s l ay s th e Py th on , i v 1
. .

Ti ty u s , i v 1 , an d Mars y as , i v 2
. A r t e mi s s l ay s O ri on ,
. .

iv 3 — 5
. .

C h i l d r e n o f Pos e i d o n an d A mp h i t ri t e i v 6 , . .

P l u t o carri e s off P e r s e p h on e De me t e r co me s t o .

l e u s i s ( T r i p t ol e mu s ) P e r s e p h on e r e mai n s wi t h P l u t o
.

( A s ac
l aph u s), v
B at tl e o f t h e g ods an d gi an t s ,
vi . 1—2 . Ty p h on , vi . 3 .

1
T r an s l at e d , wi t h so me mod i fic at i on s fr om t h e A rg u
,

men tu m p re fi x ed to R . Wagn e r s ’
ed i t i on of A p oll od o r u s .

xlv
 S U M MA RY

11 .
— TH E F A M I LY O F DE UCA L I O N .

B ook I Ch ap s V I L I X .
—
.

P r o me th e u s cr e at e s me n , and for t h e t h e f t of fi re i s
n ai l e d t o t h e Cau c as u s , v i i 1 De u cal i on an d Py rrh a . .

sav e d f r o m t h e fl ood , v ii De u calio n s chi l d r e n

’
1 2
—
. . .

He ll e n s s on s Dor u s , X u th u s , Ae ol u s and t h e ir chi l d r e n ,

’

v i i 2— 3
. .

Ae ol u s s d au gh te rs an d t h e ir offs p ri ng : P e ri me d e ,
’

P i s idi ce , Al cy on e , v i i 3 —4 Can ac e ( t h e A l oad s ) , v i i 4

. . . .

Cal y c e , E ndy mi on , A e t ol u s , Pl e u r on an d Cal y d o n an d

t h e ir chi l d r e n ( Mar p es s a) v 1 1 5 — 1 0 O e n e u s , gr an d s on
, . .

o f P l e u r on , f at h e r o f De i an ir a an d M e l e ag e r , v iii 1 — 2 . .

T h e h u n t i ng o f t h e Cal y d on i an b oar ( l i s t o f t h e h u n t e rs ,
v iii . d e at h o f M e l e ag e r , v iii 2— 3 Ty de u s , s on of . .

Oe n e u s D
. e at h o f O e n e u s , v iii 4 6—
. .

A e ol u s s s on s an d t h e ir o ffs p ri ng Athamas , fath e r o f

’

Phri x u s an d B ell e ( t h e G ol d e n Fl e e c e ) , i x 1 Th e . .

d e at h s of A t h amas and I n o , i x 2 S i s y p h u s and h is . .

s t on e , i x 3 De i on , i x 4
. . P e ri e r e s , i x 5
. Mag n e s , . . .

ix 6
. S al mon e u s an d h i s mock t h u n d e r , i x 7
. Ty r o , . .

dau gh t e r o f S al mon e u s , mo th e r of N e l e u s and P e l i as ,

i x 8— 1 0
. Cr e t h e u s , h us b an d o f Ty r o
. H i s g ran d s on s .

B i as and t h e s e e r M e l amp u s ( t h e ki n e o f P h y l acu s ) .

i x 1 1 —1 3
. Ad me t u s s on of P h e re s ( son of Cr e th e u s ) ,
.
,

an d h u s b an d o f Al c e s t i s , i x 1 4 — 1 5 Jas on , s on of A e son . .

( s on of Cr e t h e u s ) , s e nt b y P e l i as t o f e tch t h e G o l den
Fl e e c e , i x 1 6 . .

Th e A r gon au ts — Th e b u i l d i n g of t h e s hi p Arg o Li s t .

o f t h e Arg o nau t s , i x 16 T h e Arg o n au t s p u t i n at t h e

. .

i s l an d of Le mno s , i x 1 7 , t he y ki ll Cy z ic u s ki ng of t h e
.
,

Do l ion e s , b y mi s tak e , i x 1 8 , t h ey l e av e He rc u l e s an d .

P ol y p h e mu s i n My s i a ( Hy l as ) , i x 1 9 , P oll u x c on q u e rs
“

Amy c u s , k i ng o f t h e B e b ry c e s , i x 20 , at S al my d e s s u s .

t h e y r i d P hi n e u s o f t h e H arp i e s , i x 2 1 , t h e y pass .

t hr o u g h t h e S y mp l e g ad e s , i x 22, t h e y ar e r ece i v ed b y .

Ly c u s , k i n g o f t h e M ar ian dy n ian s , i x 23 , th ey arri v e i n .

Co l chi s J as on , w i t h t h e h e l p of M ede a, t ames t h e b u ll s ,

.

l i
x v
 S U MMA R Y

conq u e rs t h e e ar th b orn me n an d carri es off th e Golde n -

,

Fl e ece T h e Ar gon au t s s e t o u t wi t h M e d e a ( t h e mu rd e r
.

of A p s y r t u s ) i x 2 3 2 4 A s th e y s ai l pas t t h e E ri d an us
, .
-
.
,

Z e u s cau s e s t h e m t o wan d e r ; th e y ar e p u ri fi e d for t h e

mu rd e r o f A p s y r t u s b y Cir ce ix 2 4 s ai l i n g p as t t h e , .
,

S ir e n s S cy l la an d C h ary b d i s t h e y co me t o t h e P h ae a
, , ,

ci an s i x 2 5 t h e y d e d ic at e an al t ar t o R ad i an t Ap oll o
, .
, ,

t h e y d e s t r oy Tal u s t h e b r o n z e g u ard ian of t h e i s l an d , ,

o f Cr e t e i x 26 R e t u r n o f th e A r g on au t s
,
. . Deat h .

of P e l i as i x 2 6 — 27 Jas on and M e de a fl y t o Cori nt h

, . . .

M e de a mu rde r s Gl au ce t h e b ri de of Jas on an d h e r , ,

o wn chi l d r e n t ake s r e f u g e wi t h Ae g e u s at At h e n s h as
, ,

b y h i m a s on M e d us an d fi n all y r e tu r n s t o h er o wn
, ,

c ou n t ry ix 28 , . .

III .
—
THE FAM I LY OF I N A CH US ( B E L U S) .

B ook I I Ch ap s . I .
—
VI I I .

I n ach us s s on s Aegi al e u s an d P h or on e u s
’
an d ,

P h o r on e u s s c h i l d r e n A rg u s an d P el as g u s Arg u s
’
. .

o f t h e man y e y e s i 1 I o s w an de ri n g s 1 2 4 H er ,
. .
’

, .
— .

g r e at g r-
an d s o n s A g e n o r ( c o mp ar e iii 1 7 ) an d B e l u s i 4 .
—
, . .

B e l u s s offs p ri n g Dan au s an d E gy p t u s i 4 M arri ag e

’
. .
,

of t h e s on s o f Eg yp t u s wi t h t h e d au g h t e r s o f Dan au s ( l i s t ,

i. i 4 5 N au pl i u s t h e wr e ck e r s on of Amy mon e
.
—
.
'

, ,

i 5
. .

Acri s i u s an d Pr oet u s g ran ds on s of Ly nc eu s and ,

Hyp e r mn e s tr a ii 1 Th e d au g h t e r s o f P r o e t u s are
, . .

cu r e d of t h e ir mad n e s s b y M e l am u s ii 2 B e ll e rop h on
p , . .

k ill s th e Ch i mae r a iii 1 — 2 Dan ae d au ght e r of Acri s i u s ,

. .
, ,

w i th h er i n fan t s on P e rs e u s fl oat s t o S eri ph os i v 1 , , . .

P e r s e u s s e n t b y P ol y d e ct e s c o mes t o t h e Ph or cid e s
, ,

an d t h e n y mp h s s l ay s M e d u s a ( b ir th of P e g as u s )
, ,

iv 2 fr e e s An d r ome da p u n i s h es Pol y d e ct e s
.
, iv 3 , ,
.
,

an d r e t u r n i n g t o h i s c ou n t r y k ill s Acri s i u s acci d e n t all y ,

iv 4 . .Th e fami l y o f P e r s e u s B ir t h of E u r y s t h e u s .
,

gran d s on o f P e r s e u s i v 5 War of El e c try on s on of , . .

,

x l v ii
 S U MM A RY

P e r s e u s , again s t t h e Te l e b oan s A mphi t ry on , g ran ds on .

of P e r s e u s , acci d e n t all y k i ll s E l e c t ry o n , i v 6 A mphi t ry on . .

g o e s w i t h A l c me n a t o Th e b e s , ki ll s t h e Cad me an v i x e n ,

an d wag e s war o n t h e Taph ian s P t e r e l au s of t h e g ol d e n

hair k i ll e d b y h is dau gh t e r , i v 6 7 .
-
.

H er cu l es , s on of Z e u s an d Alc me n a, k i ll s t h e s e r p e n ts
s e n t b y He r a, i v 8 Th e e d u cat i on o f H e rc u l e s ( Li n u s ) ,
. .

iv 9
. He rc u l e s k i ll s t h e l i on of Ci th ae r on ( t h e d au g h t e r s
.

of Th e s p i u s ) , i v 9 — 1 0 , c on q u e r s t h e M i ny an s , marri e s
.

M egara, r e c e i v e s ar ms f r om t h e g od s , i v 1 1 , goe s .

mad , mu rd e r s h is chi ld re n , and i s s e nt b y Ap oll o t o

E u r y s th e u s , i v 1 2 . .

Th e t we l v e ( te n , s e e i v 1 2 an d v 1 1 ) l ab ou r s o f . .

He rcu l e s ,
v .

1 . He st ar ng l e s t h e N e me an l i on an d is e n t e r t ai n e d by
M ol o r c h u s ,
v . 1 .

2 Wi t h I ol au s
. h e d e s t r oy s t h e L e r nae an hy d ra an d
ki ll s t h e cr ab v 2
H e wou i1 d s and cap t u r e s t h e Ce ry n it ian h i n d , v 3
. .
,

3 . . .

4 H e cap t u r e s t h e E ry man thi an b oar h e k i ll s t h e

.
,

Ce n t au r s ( P h ol u s Chir on ) v 4 , , . .

5 H e cl e an s e s t h e s t ab l e o f Au ge as ( t h e t es t i mon y of
.

P hy l e u s ) , v 5 . .

6 H e s h oot s t h e S ty mph al i an b ir d s , v 6
. . .

7 He b ri n g s t h e Cr e t an b u l l t o E u 1 y s th e u s , v 7
. . .

8 He c arri e s o ff t h e mar e s o f D i o me d e s t h e T h raci an

.

( d e a t h o f A b d e r u s a n d f ou n d a t i o n o f Ab d e r a , v
) 8 . .

9 He wi n s t h e b e l t of H i p p ol y t a ( t h e s on s of A n d r o
.

g e u s i n Par os M y gd on r e s cu e of He s i on e S ar p ed on
T h as os ; t h e s on s of Pr ot e u s ) , v 9 . .

1 0 H e d ri v e s aw ay t h e k i n e o f G e r y on f r o m E ry t h ia
.

( t h e p i ll a r s o f H e rc u l e s ; t h e g o l d e n g o b l e t o f t h e S u n

I al e b i on an d De r cy n u s , E ry x , S t r y mon ) , v 1 0 . .

1 1 He b ri n g s t h e ap p l e s of t h e H e s p e ri d e s f r o m t h e
.

Hy p e r b o r e ans t o M y ce n ae ( Cy c n u s , N e r e u s An tae u s , ,

B u s iri s , E mathi o n , P r o me th e u s , At l as ) v 1 1 , . .

1 2 He carri e s off Ce rb e r u s f r o m t h e n e th e r w o r l d
.

l i i m ri G rg gh T
’

( t h e E e u s n an y s t e e s , t h e o o n s o s t ,
h es eus

an d P iri t h ou s , A s cal ap h u s , M e n o e t e s ) v 1 2 , . .
 S U M M A RY

IV .
-
TH E F A M I LY O F A G E N O R ( E UR O PA ) .

B ook I I I Ch ap s I 1 I I I 2 . .
— . .

Ag e n or s ch il d r e n E u r op a i s carri e d o ff b y Z e u s ;
’
.

an d P h oe n ix Ci l ix Cad mu s an d Th as u s b e i n g s e n t t o
, , , ,

f e tc h h e r b ack s e t tl e i n P h oe n i ci a Ci l i c i a Th I ace an d
, , , ,

T h asos i 1 E u r o p a s c h i ld r e n : M i n os S arp e d o n
,
. .
’

, ,

R h ad aman t h y s ( M i l e t u s ) 0 1 1 t h e d e at h o f A s t e ri u s , ,

h u s b an d o f E u r op a M i n os s u cc e e ds t o t h e ki n g dom o f ,

Cr e t e I n fl ame d wi t h l ov e for a b u ll w h i c h P os e i d o n
.
,

h ad s e n t f r o m t h e s e a P as i p h ae giv e s b ir t h t o t h e ,

M i n ot au r i 3 Al th ae me n e s g r an d s on of M i no s s e tt l e s
, . .
, ,

wi t h h i s s i s t e r Ap e mos y n e i n R h od e s an d i n v ol u n t aril y ,

ki ll s h i s fath e r Cat r e u s ii G l au c u s son o f M i n os h i s , .

, ,

d e at h an d r e s u rr e c t i on ( t h e s e e r P ol y i du s ) iii 1 2 , .
—
.

V .
—
F A M I LY O F AG E N O R ( CA DM Us )
TH E .

B ook I I I Ch ap s I v I V I I 7 .
,
. .
—
. .

Cad mu s , f oll o wi n g a co w f o u n d s T h e b e s s l ay s t h e , ,

d i ag on of Ar e s an d o v e rc o me s t h e e ar t h b o r n b r o t h e r s
, ,

.I 2 Chi l d r e n of Cad mu s an d Har mo n i a : A u t o n oe

.
,

I n o S e me l e Ag av e P ol y d O I u s
, ,S e me l e an d Z e u s B ir t h
, . .

an d u p b ri n g i n g o f D i o n y s u s ( A t h amas I n c an d M e l i , ,

c e r t e s ) i v 2 3 A c tae on s on of Au t on oe an d h is d og s
,
.
—
.
, , ,

iv 4 . Th e t r av e l s o f Di on y s u s ( d e at h s of Ly c u rg u s an d
.

P e n t h e u s ad v e n t u r e wi t h t h e p ir at e s ) v 1 —3
,
Th e e nd ,
. .

o f C ad mu s an d H ar mon i a i n Ill y ri a v 4 Th e o ffs p ri n g ,

. .

o f P o l y d or u s : Lab d ac u s Lai u s Ly c u s an d Dir c e ar e , .

s l ai n b y Z e t h u s an d A mp h i o n t h e s on s o f A n t i o p e b y ,

Z eu s v 5 ,
N i ob e an d h e r c h i l d r e n t h e w e e p i n g s t on e
. .
, ,

v . 6 O e d i p u s h i s b ir t h an d e x p os u r e h is p ar r i c i d e
.
, , ,

t h e ri ddl e o f t h e S p h i n x h i s i n c e s t h i s e x i l e an d d e at h , ,

i n At t i c a v 7 9 , .
—
.

E x p edi ti on of th e S ev en agai n s t Th eb es v i 1 v 1 1 I , .
—
. .

P ol y n i c e s e x p e ll e d b y E t e o cl e s marri e s t h e d au g h t e r o f
, ,

A d r as t u s ( Ty d e u s ) v i 1 E ri p h y l e b ri b e d b y P ol y n i c e s
, . .
,
 S U M M A RY

wi t h th e g ol d e n ckl ac e i n d u c e s Amp h i ar au s t o j o i n i n
ne ,

th e w ar , vi 2 . L i s t o f t h e l e ad e r s v i 3
. O n t h e d e at h ,
. .

o f O p h e l t e s t h e y i n s t i t u t e t h e N e me an g am e s v i 4 t h ey , . .

s e n d Ty d e u s o n an e mb as s y t o T h e b e s vi 5 at t ac k t h e ,
.
,

c i t y ( acc o u n t o f t h e s e e r T i r e s i as vi an d ar e d e f e at e d ,
.

b y t h e T h e b an s ( Cap an e u s E t e o cl e s an d P o l y n i c e s , ,

Ty d e u s A mp h i arau s ) v i 6 8
,
H e r o i s m an d d e at h of
, .
—
.

A n t ig on e .Th e b o d i e s o f t h e l e ad e r s ar e b u r i e d b y
Th e s e u s d e at h o f E vad n e on t h e p y r e v i i 1
, ,
. .

T h e Ep i gon i ( l i s t v i i 2 ) cap t u r e T h e b e s ; d e at h o f
,
.

T i r e s i as v ii 2 4
, . A l c mae on h i s n i at r i cid e mad n e s s
—
.
, , ,

w an d e ri n g s an d d e at h h i s wi f e Call ir rh oe an d h is ,

c h i l d r e n A mp h i l o ch u s an d T i s i p h o n e v ii 5 7 —
.
, .

VI .
—
TH E FA M I L Y OF P E LA S G U S .

B oo/
e I II .
,
Ch ap s . VI II .
—
IX .

Ly c aon , s on of P e l as g u s , an d h i s s on s ( l i s t v iii .

e x c e pt th e y ou n g e s t , N y c t i mu s , ar e ki ll e d for t h e i r
i mp i e t y b y Z e u s w i t h t h u n d e r b ol t s , v iii 1 — 2 Call i s t o , . .

d augh t e r of L y c aon , mo t h e r o f A r e as , t r an s f or me d i n t o
a b e ar , v iii 2 Th e o ffs pri n g o f A re as
. . A u g e , mo t h e r .

o f T e l e p h u s , ix 1 A t al an t a an d h e r s u i t or s , M i l an i on
. .

an d t h e g ol d e n app l e s , ix 2 . .

V II . T H E FA M I L Y
—
OF AT LA S .

B ook III .
,
Ch ap s . x . l — XI I
. 6 .

T h e P l e i ad e s , x 1 H e r me s , s on o f M ai a, h i s y ou t h
. .

fu l e x p l o i t s , x 2 T h e o ffs p ri n g o f Tay g e t e : Lac e

. .

d ae mon , H y ac i n t h , L y n c e u s , an d I d as L e u ci p p u s s
’
.

d au g h t er s , o f w h o m A r s i n o e b e c o me s t h e mot h e r o f
A e s c u l ap i u s ( Co r on i s ) Ae s c u l api u s i s e d u c at e d b y
.

C h ir on an d t h u n d e r s t r u c k b y Z e u s for h i s l e e chc raf t .

Ap ol l o ki ll s t h e Cy cl op e s an d s e r v e s A d me t u s for a y e ar ,

x 3— 4
. . C h i l d r e n o f H i p p o c oo n , o f Ic ar i u s , an d of
Ty n d ar e u s .B i r t h of H e l e n , x 4 — 7 H e l e n i s car r i e d . .

off b T h e s e u s , b u t r e s c u e d b y Cas t or an d P oll u x , x 7

y . .

li
 S U M MA RY
He len s s u i tors an d mar r i ag e wi t h M e n e l au s x
’

,
8 —9
. .

M e n e l au s s ch i l dr e n x i 1 Cas t or an d P oll u x t h e ir
’
'

.
, .
,

co mb at wi th I das an d Ly n c e u s t h e ir , e l e v at i o n t o t h e
g od s an d t h e ir al t e r n ati on s b e t w e e n th e
, u p e r an d l o w e r
p
w o rl ds xi 2 , . .

E l e ct r a d au g h t e r o f At l as h e r o ffs p ri n g xii 1 6
, , ,
.
-
.

I as i on an d Dard an u s an d h i s s on s B u s an d E ri c h th on i u s .

Tr os s on o f E ri ch t h on i u s an d fat h e r o f Il u s A s s ar ac u s
, , , ,

an d G an y me d e x ii 1 2
I l u s f oll o wi n g a c ow f ou n d s
, .
-
.
, ,

T r o y an d r e c e iv e s t h e Pall ad i u m O rigi n of t h e P al .

l adiu m L aome d on s on of I l u s f at h e r of T i t h o n u s
.
, ,

an d o f P r i am xii 3 T i t h on u s an d t h e Daw n P ri am s
’
.
, . .

c h i l d r e n : A e s acu s He ctor Pari s Cas s an d r a an d t h e , , , ,

r e s t xii 4 5, H e ct or an d A n d r omac h e
.
—
. P ar i s an d .

O e n o n e xii 6 , . .

VIII .
— TH E F A M I LY OF AS O P US .

B ook I II .
, Ch ap s . XII . 6— X I I I . 8 .

As op u s s chi l d re n I s me n u s P e l ag on an d t w e n t y
’

, , ,

d au g h t e r s of w h om A e gi n a i s c ar r i e d off b y Z e u s xii 6
, , . .

Ae ac u s s on of A e gi n a h i s ri gh t e ou s n es s h i s p r ay e r for
, , ,

r ai n f at h e r of P el e u s an d T e l amon w h o ar e b an i s h e d ,

for t h e mu r d e r o f t h e ir b r o t h e r P h ocu s T e l amon .

b e co me s ki n g o f S al ami s ; f at h e r of Aj ax an d T e u c e r ,

xii 6 7 P e l e u s c ome s t o Ph t h i a ; j oi n i n g i n t h e h u n t
.
—
.

o f t h e Cal y d o n i an b o ar h e acc i d e n t all y ki ll s E u r y t i o n is

u r i fi e d b A c a s t u s an d mal ig n e d b y A s t y d ami a wi f e o f
p y ,

A cas t u s h u n t s on M o u n t P e l i o n an d i s s av e d fr o m t h e
c e n t au r s b y C h ir o n x iii 1 3 Mar r i ag e o f P el e u s an d ,
.
—
.

T h e t i s xiii 4 5 Th e n u r t u r e o f A ch i ll e s ( T h e t i s C h ir on
, .
—
.
, ,

Ly come d e s ) xiii 6 — 8 P h o e n ix Pat r o cl u s xiii 8

, . .
, , . .

IX .
— ~
TH E K I N G S OF AT H E N S .

B ook III .
,
Ch ap s . X IV . I— x v . 9 .

I . Cecrop s, r t h b orn C on t e s t b e t w e e n A t h e n a an d
ea -
.

P o s e i d on fo r t h e g u ar d i an s h i p o f A t h e n s x i v l C e cro p s s
’
. .
,

l ii
 S U M M A RY

ch i ld r e n E r y s i ch t h o n , A g r au l u s , H e r s e , P an d r os u s ( Hal ir
r h ot h i u s ; t r i al an d acq u i t t al o f A r e s at t h e A r e op ag u s ) ,

x iv 2 . Ce p h al u s , s on o f H e r s e , an d an c e s t o r o f C i n y r as ,
.

x iv . 3 Ad on i s , s on of Ci n y r as , l ov e d b y Ap h r od it e ,
.

ki l l e d b y a b oar , x i v 3 — 4 . .

2 Cran au s , e ar t h b orn , fat h e r o f Cr an ae , Cran ae ch me

.
-
,

an d A tt h i s , x i v 5 . .

3 A mp h i cty on , e ar t h b or n o r s on o f D e u c al i on , x iv 6
.
-
. .

4 E r ich th on i u s , s on o f H e p h ae s t u s b y A t t h i s or A t h e n a,
.

d e d i c at e s an i mag e o f At h e n a o n t h e A c r op ol i s an d
i n s t i t u t e s t h e Panat h e n aic f e s t i v al , x i v 6 . .

5 P a n di on , s on of E ri ch t h on i u s
. i n h i s r e i g n De me t e r
c ome s t o Ce l e u s at E l e u s i s , an d Di on y s u s c ome s t o Ic ari u s ’

( d eat h o f E r ig on e ) , x i v 7 P an d i on s d au g h t e r s P r ocn e
’
. .

an d P h i l om e l a ( Te r e u s ) , x iv 8 . .

6 E r ech th eu s , s on o f P an d i o n : h i s p ri e s t l y b ro t h e r
.

B u t e s , h i s ch i l d r e n , x v 1 C h t h on i a P r o c ri s an d
. . .

Ce p h al u s ( M i n o s ) , x v 1 O ri t hy i a an d B or e as , x v 2
. . . .

Cl e op at r a an d P h i n e u s , x v 3 E u mol p u s , s on of C h i o n e , . .

xv 4. E r e ch t h e u s , i n t h e w ar wi t h E l e u s i s , s ac ri fi ce s on e
.

o f h i s d au g h t e r s , an d s l ay s E u mol p u s , x v 4—5 . .

7 Cecr op s, s o n o f E r e ch t h e u s , x v 5
. . .

8 P an di on , s on o f Ce cr op s , i s e x p e ll e d b y t h e s on s o f
.

M e t i on and fl i e s t o M e g ar a, x v 5 . .

9 A egeu s , s on o f P an d i on , r e t u rn s t o At h e n s wi t h h i s
.

b r ot h e r s , x v 5 — 6 , an d b e g e ts T h e s e u s b y A e t hr a at
.

Tro e z e n , x v 6 — 7 . H e s e n d s A n d r o g c u s , s on of M i n o s ,
.

ag ai n s t t h e M ar at h on i an b u ll , x v 7 M i n os make s war . .

o n M e g ar a N i l A h
( s u s an d S c y l a) an d o n t e n s ,
x v 7 — 8 . .

Hy aci n t h s d au g h t e r s ar e s ac r i fi ce d at A t h e n s , x v 8
’
. .

M i n os i mp os e s on t h e A t h e n i an s a t r i b u t e of b oy s an d
girl s t o b e s e n t an n u all y t o t h e M i n o t au r ( t h e l ab y ri n t h
b u i l t b y Dae d al u s ) , x v 8— 9 . .

1 0 Th es eu s
. .

X .
—
T H E S E Us .

B ook III .
,
Ch ap . x v1 .
,
Ep i tome, 1 . 1 -
24 .

On g r owi n g u p T h e s e u s q u i t s Tr oe z e n for A t h e n s ,
ki ll s
Pe r i p h e te s S i nis x vi th e Cr o mmy o n i an s o w,
‘

III, , . .
,

l ii i
 S U M MA RY

S oir o n Ce rc y on an d Damas t e s Ep i tome i 1 4 Ae g e u s

, . , ,
.
—
.
,

i n s tig at e d b y M e d e a s e n d s T h e s e u s ag ai n s t t h e M ara
,

t h o n i an b u ll an d o ffe r s h i m a c u p o f p o i s o n 5 6 T h e s e u s ,
—
.
,

wi t h t h e h e l p of Ari ad n e c on q u e r s t h e M i n ot au r an d , ,

fl y i n g wi t h A ri ad n e r e s ig n s h e r t o Di on y s u s in N ax os ,

7 —9
,
an d o n t h e d e ath o f A e g e u s s u c ce e d s t o t h e k i n g d om
.

of A t h ens 1 0 1 1
— Dae d al u s an d h is s o n I c ar u s e s cap e
, .

f r o m t h e l ab y r i n t h I car u s f all s i n t o t h e s e a b u t Dae dal u s ,

r e ach e s t h e c ou r t of Co c al u s w h os e d au g h t e r s ki ll M i n os , ,

12 15
-
T h e s e u s mar r i e s an A mazon an d af t e r w ar d s
.
,

P h ae d r a De at h of H i p p ol y t u s 1 6— 1 9
. I xi o n an d h i s . .

w h e el 20 B at tl e of t h e Ce n t au r s an d Lap i t h s 2 1 ( Z e n o
,
.
,

b iu s) Cae n e u s 2 2
. T h e s e u s g oe s d o wn t o h e l l wi t h
,
.

P iri t h o u s b u t i s fr e e d b y H e r cu l e s an d b e i n g e x p e ll e d
, ,

f r o m At h e n s i s mu r d e r e d b y Ly c ome d e s 23— 24 ,
-
.

XI .
— TH E FA M I L Y or P E Lor s .

Ep i tome, M 1 — 1 6 . .

Tan t al u s i n h e ll , 1 B r o t e as , 2 P e l op s , wi t h t h e
. .

h e l p o f M y r t i l u s , v an q u i s h e s O e n omau s , marr i e s H i p p o
d ami a, k i ll s M y r t i l u s , an d t ak e s p os s e s s i on o f P e l op on n e s e ,
3 9—
. S on s o f P e l o ps : At r e u s an d T h y e s t e s ( th e g ol d e n
l amb , A e r o p e , b ack w ard j ou rn ey o f t h e s u n , t h e c an n i b al
f e as t , A e gi s t h u s ) , 1 0— 1 4 Ag ame mn on an d M en e l au s ar e .

b r ou g h t u p b y P ol y p h i d es an d O e n e u s , 1 5 ( Tz e t z e s ) .

A g ame mn on marri e s Cl y t ae mn es t ra, an d M e n e l au s marri e s

H el e n , 1 6 .

XII .
-
A N T E H 0 M E R I CA .

Ep i tome, III . 1 — 35 .

Z e ns r e s ol v e s t o s t ir u p w ar , 1 T h e A p p l e o f Di s c or d .

aw ar d e d b y P ar i s t o A p h r o d i t e Pari s c arri e s o ff H e l e n , .

an d , af t e r t arr y i n g i n P h o e n i ci a an d Cy p r u s , r e t u r n s t o
r
T y, o 2 —
4 H e l e n l e f t wi t h P r ot e u s i n E g y p t , 5 M e n e
.
.

l au s an d Ag ame mn on s u mmo n t h e k i n g s o f G r e e c e to war .

U l y s s e s f e ig n s mad n e s s ( d e at h o f P al ame d e s ) Ci ny r as .

s e n d s t oy s h i p s T h e W i n e gr owe r s , 6 1 0— -
. .

l iv
 S U MM A RY

Cat al o g u e h i p s 1 1 1 4 Th e p o r t e n t at A u l i s
of th e s ,
—
.
,

15 . Ag ame mn on an d A ch i ll e s ch os e n l e ade rs 1 6 Th e ,
.

M y s i an war T e l e p h u s w ou n d e d b y A ch i l le s
. R e t u r n of .

t h e G re e k s 1 7 1 8 ,
—
.

I n t h e t e n t h y e ar af t e r t h e r ap e of H e l e n t h e G r e e k s
ag ai n as s e mb l e Te l e p h u s b e i n g h e al e d b y A ch i ll e s
.
, ,

s h ow s t h e m t h e way 1 9 2 0 I p h i g e n i a s acr i fic e d t o
,
—
.

A r te mis at A u l i s an d t r an s p or te d b y t h e g od d e s s t o
Tau r i s 2 1 2 2 T h e G r e e k s arr iv e at T e n e d o s 2 3 T e n e s
,
—
. .

an d h i s s t e p mo t h e r 24 2 5 T e n e s k i ll e d b y Ac h i l l e s 26
,
-
.
,
.

P h i l o c t e t e s s t u n g b y a s e r p e n t i s mar oo n e d i n L e mn os
, , ,

27 . U l y s s e s an d M e n e l au s d e man d t h e r e s t o r at i o n o f
H e l e n 2 8 Th e G r e e k s l an d at T r o y an d p u t t h e T r oj an s
, .

t o fl ig h t De at h o f P r o t e s i l au s ( Lao dami a)
. Cy c n u s . .

Th e T r oj an s b es i e g e d 2 9 3 1 A ch i l l e s s l ay s T r o i l u s,
—
.
,

c ap t u r e s Ly c aon an d h avi n g s l ai n M e s t o r d riv e s o ff t h e

,

h e r d s o f Ae n e as 3 2 L i s t of t h e t o wn s t ak e n b y A ch i ll e s
,
.
,

33 . I n t h e t e n t h y e ar t h e T r o j an s r e c e i v e t h e h e l p o f
all i e s ( l i s t ) 3 4 3 5 ,
—
.

X II I .
—
TH E “
I LI A D .

Ep i tome, Iv . 1 8 —
.

Th e wrat h o f A ch i ll e s Th e c o mb at o f M e n e l au s an d . .

P ar i s 1
,
Di o me d e s w o u n d s A p h r o d i t e an d me e t s G l au c u s
.

i n b att l e T h e c o mb at o f A j ax an d He c t o r 2
. The , .

G r e e k s p u t t o fl ig h t s e n d amb as s ad o r s t o A ch i l l e s 3
, , , .

U l y s s e s an d D i ome d e s s l ay Dol o n 4 He c t o r at tac k s t h e , .

s h ip s,
5 T h e d e at h o f P atr o cl u s 6
. A ch ill e s r e c e iv e s ,
.

ar ms fr om T h e t is p u t s t h e T r oj an s t o fl ig h t an d s l ay s
, ,

H ect or Th e b u ri al of P at r ocl u s
. P ri am r an s oms t h e .

b o d y o f He ct or 7 8—
, .

X IV .
—
P O S T H O M ER I C A .

Ep i tome, V . 1 — 25 .

P e n t h e s i l e a s l ai n b y A ch i ll e s T h e r s i t e s ( d e at h o f .

Hi pp ol y t e ) 1 — 2 A c h i l l e s s l ay s M e mn on , b u t i s s h ot b y
, .

lv
 S U M M A RY

A p oll o an d P ar i s , 3 .H i s b od y an d h is ar ms ar e r e s cu e d
b y A j ax an d U l y s s e s , 4 Th e b u ri al o f A c hi ll e s , 5
. .

Co mp e t i t i o n o f Aj ax an d U l y s s e s fo r t h e ar ms o f A ch i ll e s .

De at h and b u ri al of Aj ax , 6 — 7 .

I n ac c or d an c e wi t h a p r o p h e c y o f Cal ch as , U l y s s e s an d
Di ome d e s f e t ch Phi l oc t e t e s , w h o s h o o t s P ari s , 8 Qu arr e l .

b e t w e e n De i p h ob u s an d He l e n u s for t h e h an d o f H e l e n .

B y t h e ad v i ce o f Calch as , U l y s s e s cap t u r es H e l e n u s o n
M ou n t I d a, an d H e l e n u s p r op h e s i e s t o t h e G r e e k s con
ce r n i n g t h e fal l of Tr oy , 9 — 1 0 B y t h e ad v i c e o f H e l e n u s ,
.

t h e G r e e ks f e t c h t h e b on e s o f P e l op s , an d U l y s s es an d
Ph oe n i x b ri n g N e o p t ol e mu s f r o m S c y r os N e o p t ol e mu s .

k i ll s E u r y py l u s , s o n of Te l e p h u s U ly s s e s an d Di o me d e s
.

s t e al t h e Tr oj an Pall ad i u m, 1 1 1 3 -
.

B y t h e ad v i ce o f U l y s s e s , E p e u s fas h i on s t h e W ood e n
H or s e , i n w h i c h t h e l e ad e r s e n s con ce t h e ms e l v e s Th e .

r
G e s e e
e k l a v S i n o n be hi n d a n d d ep ar t t o T e e d os ,
n 1 4 — 15 .

Th e Tr o j an s d rag t h e H o r s e i n t o t h e ci t y , an d d e s p i t e t h e
c ou n s e l s o f Laocoon an d Cas s an d r a r e s ol v e t o d e d icat e i t
t o A t h e n a, 1 6 1 7 -
Th e s o n s o f Laoc o on ki ll e d b y s e r
.

p e n t s ,
1
. 8 O n a s ig n a l gi v e n b y S i n o n t h e G r e e ks r e t u r n .

H e l e n c o me s t o t h e Hor s e an d call s t o t h e G r e e k l e ad e rs
l e ad e r s d e s c e n d f r o m t h e H o r s e an d
( A n t i c l u s ) ,
1 9 . T h e

o p e n t h e g at e s t o t h e G r e e ks , 2 0 Th e s ack o f T r o y :
.

P ri am, G l au c u s , A e n e as , H e l e n a, A e t h r a, Cas s an d r a,
21 — 2 2 . Divi s i on o f t h e s p o i l t h e sl au g h t e r o f A s t y an ax
an d P ol y x e n a, t h e f or t u n e s o f Cas s an d r a, A n d r omac h e ,
an d H e c u b a ( ch an g e d i n t o a d og ) , L ao d i c e s w all o w e d i n
an e ar t h q u ak e . f m
T r i al o f A j ax or i p i e t y , 2 3 2 5 —
.

XV .
— TH E R E T U R N S .

Ep i tome, VI. 1 - 30 .

Qu arr e l b e t w e e n Ag ame mn on M e n e l au s con ce rn i n g

an d
th e r e t u r n Di o me d e s
.
,
N e st or an d M e n e l au s s e t ou t 1
, , .

A mp h i l o ch u s Calch as L e o n t e u s P ol y p o e t e s an d P o d a
, , , ,

l i r iu s g o b y l an d t o Col O p h O fl w h e r e Cal ch as i s v an q u i s h e d
,

b y M op s u s i n a c o n t e s t o f s ki ll an d i s b u ri e d b y h is
c o mp an i o n s 2 7 4 , .

lv i
 S U MMA R Y
'

Th e C ir ce , 1 4 1 6
e n c h an t r e s s —
T h e d e s ce n t t o t h e n e t h e r
.

w o rl d , 17 T h e Si r e n s , 1 8 — 1 9 S c y ll a an d C h ar y b di s ,
. .

20 2 1-
. Th e o x e n o f t h e S u n .T h e s h i p w r e c k C h ary b d i s ,
.

2 2 — 23 . T h e i s l an d o f Cal y p s o Th e r af t
. .Alc i n o u s an d
t h e P h ae aci an s Th e r e t u r n h o me , 24 — 2 5
. Th e s u i to r s
.

of P en e l op e ( l i s t 27 26 — 3 1 E u mae u s
.
,
M e l an t h i u s
. .

I r u s , 3 2 Th e s l au g h t e r of t h e s u i t or s , 3 3
. .

U l y s s e s i n T h e s p r o t i a p e rf or ms t h e ri t e s e n j oi n e d b y
T i r e s i as an d mar ri e s t h e q u e e n Call i d i c e ( P o l i p or t h e S ) ,
3 4— 3 5 . U l y s s e s i s ki ll e d u n wi t t i n g l y b y h i s s o n Te l e
g on u s T e l e g o n u s t ak e s h i s f at h e r s b od y an d P e n e l o e
t
.
p
w i t h h i m t o Cir c e , w h o t r an s p o r t s t h e m t o t h e I s l an d s o f
t h e B l e s t , 36 3 7 -
.

O t h e r s t o ri e s t ol d of P e n e l o p e an d U l y s s e s P e n el op e
sai d t o h av e b e e n d e b au c h e d b y A n t i n o u s an d t h e r e f or e
s e n t b ack t o h e r f at h e r Ic ari u s ; at M an t i n e a s h e g iv e s

b ir t h t o P an , w h om s h e h ad b y He r me s , 3 8 A mp h i
.

n o mu s s l ai n b y U l y s s e s , b e c au s e h e w as s ai d t o h av e
s e d u ce d P e n e l o e , 3 9 U l s s e s s e n t e n c e d b N e o t o l
p .
y , y p e

mu s t o b an i s h me n t for t h e mu r d e r of t h e s u i t or s ,

e mi g r at e s t o A e t ol i a, an d h av i n g t h e r e b e g o t t e n a s o n

L e on t op h on u s b y t h e d au g h t e r o f T h o as h e d i e s i n ol d
ag e , 4 0 .

v iii
S Y M B OL S E M PLO Y E D I N T H E C RI T I CA L N OTE S
'

( A d op ted f ro mR . Wag ner s ’

ed i ti on , L eip s i c, 1 89 4 )

R e ad i n g s o f all or mos t o f t h e M S S . of T h e L i b r ar y .

E pi t o ma Vat i c an a Vat i c an u s 9 5 0 .

Sab b ai t i c frag me n t s S ab b ai t i cu s Hi e rosol y mi t an u s 366 -

.

R Par i s i n u s 2 722 ( t h e arch e t yp e ) .

R 3
Pari s i n u s 2 96 7 .

O O x for d M S Lau d i an u s 5 5
. .

B R e adi n g s o f t h e M SS PR b R C . .

P Pal at i n u s -
V at i c an u s 52 .

Rb Par i s i n u s 1 6 5 3 .

Rc Par i s i n u s 1 6 5 8 .

O R e ad i n g s of th e M SS V LT N . .

V V at i c an u s 1017 .

L Lau r e n t i an u s pl u t . LX 29 . .

N N e ap o l i t an u s 2 0 4 ( III A . l) .

T Tau r i n e n s i s C II 1 1 . .

Pas s ag e s en closed in t h es e b r ac k e t s ar e p rob ab ly

p u r i ou s
s .

Pass ag e s e n c l o se d in t h e s e b r ac k e t s ar e not in t h e
e xi s t i n g man u s cr ip t s o f A p oll od o r u s , b ut were
p ro b ab ly w r i t t e n b y h i m .

lix
A PO L L O D O R U S

THE L I B RA RY
 A HO A A O A Q PO Y

B IB A I O O HK H

O vpa v oe wp wr o s T O U wa x/T oe e 8v va a r ev a e
’
I .

yfip B F
'

K o a ov
p a s e ij
. i } e r ew a
«
e 7 r
p ar ro
‘
v 9 T O US
‘ ‘

ex a ro y et a s w oa a yo e v fl ev m s B t ci ewv I v nv
‘ ’
1
x p p p p p
fl '
r r
,

K o r r ov oi p ey éfi e t T e a v v w épfi knroc fea t 3vvd/

' '
, Lei
'

x a fl e t a r nx ea a v ei a s p ev a y d e lem av x ec a k a q
'

p
-
x p , .

Be a v d 7 r ev 7 77x ov ra
’
T o v T o v s 36
'
2 . u e ra '

,
' ‘

1
7 11 7 771: 0, s ch ol . Pl ato , L aws, v ii . p . 795 C .

1
A cc or d i n g t o He s i od ( T h eog 1 2 6 S ky ( Ur an u s ) .

w as a s on o f E ar t h ( G ai a) , b u t af t e r w ar d s l ay wi t h h i s ow n
mo t h e r an d h ad b y h e r C r on u s , t h e gi an t s , t h e Cy c l op e s , an d
s o f or t h A s t o t h e marr i ag e o f Sky an d Ear t h , s e e t h e
.

frag me n t of t h e Ch r y sip p us o f E u r ipi d e s , q u ot e d b y S e x t u s

E mp i r i cu s , p 7 5 1 , e d B e kk e r ( Tr ag i cor u m Gr a ecoru m Fr ag
. .

men ta , e d A N au ck, L e ip s i c , 1 88 9 , p 6 33 ) Lu cr e t i u s i
2
. . . .

2 5 0 s q ii 9 9 1 s q q ; Vi r gil , Geor g ii 3 25 s q q
. . . T h e my t h . . .

of s u ch a marr i ag e i s wi d e s p r e ad amo n g t h e l ow e r r ac e s .

S e E B T yl o r , P r i mi ti v e Cu l tu r e ( Lon d o n , 1 8 7 3 ) , i 3 2 1
e
’ 2

l
. .

s q q , ii 2 7 0 s q q
. . Fo r e x ampl e , t h e E w e p e opl e of T o g o an d ,
.

i n W e s t A fr i c a, t h i n k t h at t h e E ar t h i s t h e wi f e o f t h e S ky ,
an d t h at t h e i r marr i ag e t a ke s pl ac e i n t h e r ai n y s e aso n ,
w h en t h e r ai n c au se s t h e s ee d s t o s p r ou t an d b e ar fr u i t .

Th e s e fr u i t s t h e y r e g ar d as t h e ch il d r e n o f M o t h e r Eal t h ,
w h o i n t h e i r o p i n i on i s t h e mot h e r al s o o f me n an d o f g od s ,
see J Spi e t h , D i e E we S tamme ( B e r li n ,
. pp 4 6 4 , 5 4 8 . .

I n t h e r e gi on s of t h e S e n e g al an d t h e N ig e r i t i s b e li e v e d
 A PO L L O D O R U S

T HE L IB RA R Y

BO O K I
I S KY w as t h e firs t w h o r u l e d ov er t h e w h ol e
.

w o rl d 1
A n d h av i n g w e dd e d E ar t h h e be gat fir s t
.
,

t h e H u n d re d h an d e d as t he y ar e n amed : Bri are u s

-
, ,

G y es Cot t u s w h o w er e u n s u rp asse d i n si z e an d
, ,

m i g h t e ach o f th e m h av i n g a h u n d re d h an d s an d fi ft y
,

he ad s 2 A ft e r t h e s e Ear t h b o re h im t h e Cy cl op e s
.
, ,

h
t at t h e -
Sky
g o d an d t h e E ar t h g o dd e ss are t h e p ar e n t s of
-

the p r i c ip l pi ri t s w h o d i sp en se li fe an d d eat h w e al an d
n a s ,

w o e , amo n man g ki n d S e e M au ri c e De l afo s se H u n t S eneg al

.
,
-

N i ger ( Par i s ,
iii 1 7 3 s q q Si mil ar ly t h e M an gge rai a
. .
,

p eopl e o f W e s t Fl or e s i n t h e In d ian A rch ip e l ag o p e rs on i fy

, ,

Sky an d E art h as h u sb an d an d wi fe ; t h e c on s u mmat ion of

t h e i r marr i ag e i s man i f e s t e d i n t h e r ai n w h i ch f e r t ili z e s ,

M o t h e r Ear t h s o t h at s h e giv e s b i r t h t o h e r ch il d r e n t h e
, ,

p r od u c e o f t h e fi e l d s and t h e fru i t s o f t h e t r e e s Th e s ky i s .

c all e d langi t i t i s t h e mal e p o w e r t h e e ar t h i s c all e d al ang ; :

i t i s t h e f e mal e p o we r T o g e t h e r t h e y f o r m a di vi n e c ou pl e
.
,

c all e d M oer i K r aé ng S e e H B S t ap e l
. H e t M an g g er
. .
,
“

ai s ch e V o lk ( W e s t T ij d s ch r ift voor I n d i s ch e Ta a l
L an d en Vol ken ku nd e lvi ( B at avi a an d t h e H ag u e
, .
,

p 1 63
. .

2
Co mp ar e H e s i od T h eog 1 4 7 s q q
, I n s t e ad o f G y e s s ome
. .
,

M S S o f H e s i o d r e ad G yg e s an d t h i s f or m of t h e n ame i s
.
,

s u pp o r t e d b y t h e S ch o li as t o n P l at o L aws vii p 7 9 5 0 , , . . .

Co mp ar e O vi d Fas ti iv 5 9 3 Ho rac e Od es ii 1 7 1 4 iii

, , .
, ,
. .
, .

4 6 9 wi t h t h e c o mme n t at o r s
.
, .

3
 A PO LL O D O R U S

a v rt i P K c7t w71 a 9 , A n 2 1
p
7 6xv
p v/
' '
1
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7 7 r
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p y 0

Bp ow nv, wv gx a o 7 0 9 eixev 6va o cpfl a x ov

'

p
7 0 1)

v 9 ,u 6 1/ O v a v0 9 31 a a 9 6 13
Lt 6 7 co7 r o v
,
. 7 o v 7 0
p § .
9
ov é 3 33 1 79 6 0 7 11!
p" pp lf (
’
r a p
'
t e 7 0 7 1 0 9 6 o v 7 o 9 6
p 6
-
8 0 ,

61) A t 3ov , 7 0 0 0 11 7 0 1) Li n o 7 139 6 w 3t do 7 17/ t a 3 0 0 1)

'
-

) m
ICV O L 36 a v 9 1 9 e fc P139 7r a i 3a 9
’
a 7r o v a vov r
p , T G
’

p 6 1) 7 ov 9 T i 7 d u a 9 w p o a w y o e v fi ew a g
p Q /ce a v ov

K oi ov I 7rep iovd e i o v Ia 7 7 6 7 3v K a i v e a na r o v
c' ‘ ’ ’
2

dwdw wv K p é vov , 0 v rya 7 6 p a 9 36 7 81 9 10 9 17 06 50 1 1 9

'

T i 7 a vi 3a 9 T ndij v Pea v ® 6 ,u w M un/ 1 0 0 1511 171) ( Do i

c ’ ’
,

a m e ia v
’
A t a n v O .

A 'ya v a /c Tov cr a 36 F1 ) 67 7 i 7 1 7 a n wkei a 7 e m6 59

' ' '

i r e tes t 7 o v 9 T t 7 ci va 9
p 3
'
3 '

r a ov
p p p
t c ev r w v w a w
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'

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6 7r t 9 6 0 19a t fr a t 3i 3co 0 w 77 a 7 a 3a p a v 7 5v nv
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’
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.
,

x a i K 6v 0 9 d a m e 11 31 1) 7 2 i 3 3 3
'

p / 1 d c i a 7 0 1 7 r
. a 7
p 9
Hdh a a cr a v d gb ina e v 36 7 621 1) .

7 0 13 660 11 7 0 9
’
ip 156 9 6 6 b
’

1 a a 7 09 6
p w 7 11 0 11 7 0 A 7\ n x 7 c ,

T i a 1 96612 17 M e ya t p a 7 69 3 6 d x 3 a 7\ 6V7 6 9
'
-

pxfi
r
9 6 .
,

1 ”
Ap y'
m He y n e
f dp lrnv E A :
'
.

2
v e w7 a 7 0 v E OR “ : v e cé r c wov E T
y e u ua i dT aT O V V LN
“ '
y e v : .

3
pc e v r wv E pupfl ev r wv A
' '
' '
.

1
Comp ar e He s i o d , Th eog 1 3 9 s qq . .

2
Comp ar e H e s i od , T h eog 6 1 7 s q q an d for t h e d e s cr ip t i on
. .

o f T ar t ar u s , 7 1 7 s q q A cc o r d i n g t o He s i od , a b r az e n an vil
.

w ou l d t ak e n i n e d ay s an d n ig h t s t o fall from h e av en t o e ar t h ,
an d n i n e d ay s an d n ig h t s t o f al l fr o m e ar t h t o T ar t ar u s .

3
Co mp ar e He s i od , Th eog 1 32 s q q w h o ag re es i n d e s cr i b
. .

i n g C r o n u s as t h e y o u n g e s t o f t h e b r o o d A s Z eu s , w h o .

s u cc e e d e d h i s f at h e r Cr on u s on t h e h e av e n ly t hr o n e w as ,

lik e wi se t h e y o u n g e s t of h i s family ( He si od , Th eog 4 5 3 .

w e may c on j e c t u r e t h at a mon g t h e an c i e n t G r e e k s o r t h e i r
c
an e s t o sr i n h e r i t an c e w as at o ne t i me r e g u l at e d b y t h e
c u s t o m of u l t i moge n i t u r e or t h e s u cc e s s i on of t h e y ou n g e s t ,

as t o w h i ch s e e Fol k L or e i n th e Old T es tament i 4 2 9 s q q

-
, . .

4
 A PO L LO D O R U S

7 ov 9 7 6 x a 7 a 7 ap 7 a
p w9 6 v ra 9
'
i
c t/1 77 11 7 0 11 d 36 7t gb ov 9
xa i dpxnv K p ov tp 7 r a p 63oa a v .

5 O 36 7 o v 7 ov 9 71 61} < € V> Ta p7 dp cp 7 a '

3 170 a 9'

7 1 71) 36 d 36 7t >17v Pea v Vfipt a

i d ,

6 77 6 1 317 P1 ) 7 6 rea l O upa y 69 6 196 0 7rt cp 3o v v a v 7 cp

AG YO DT GS v 71 6 7rcu 369 i 3io v 7 171) dpxnv a ¢ a t p 6 9 17
' ‘ '

a e o fia t 16 61 7 6 7 1 11 6 7 6 fy6 v v a3p 6 va f a t 7rp c67 1 7v a6zz

i
'

. .
,

y
f
ev v n fi e i a a v E a 7 i a v x a 7 6 7 r 1 6 v 6 1 7 0 A 1
71
/ 1 7
7 p a v , .

”
Hpa v 71 6 19 61 9 HX0 157 w1/a K a i 11 0 6 6 1 36611 61
’
Kai , . .

7 0 157 0 t 9 Péd 7 mpa yiv 6 7 a t 71 61)

c
6 6 1 7 1 6 9 6 217 01 36
7
'
.

6 i 9 K 177 1 7v 67 r17vi / ca 7 611 A i d

’
e xv
y p o v ov a a 67 vy
p
f
,
”
x a ve , 36 6 1) a v7 p cp 7 179 [Bi/6 7 1 79 A i d x ai .

7 o v 7 ov 35316 0 1 7 p 6 < p6 0 9 a t K o v no i 7 6 fca i 7 a i 9

p
'

M 6 7t t 0 0 6 w9 7 Ta L0 b v i z/attai n A 3 a cr 7 6 1 a 7 6 fea t
'
1
p
' ' ‘

a u r a l p 61) o v v 7 6V 77 a 1 3a 6 7 p 6 <
"
7 1 317 . ,
p ov 7 5 6 7 1 79 .

A a 9 s i a 9 fd a /cfl , oi 36 K o up1 77 e9 6 11 0 7 10 1 0 1 eu .

1
M eAw d é ws Z e n ob i u s , Cen t . ii . 48 : ue A w a e wv
’
EA .

Comp ar e He s i od , Th eog 4 5 3— 4 6 7 . .

2
A cc o r d i n g t o He s i o d , R h e a av e b i r t h t o Z e u s i n Cr e t e ,
g
an d t h e i n f an t g od w as l ii dd e n i n a c av e o f M ou n t A e g eu m

( T h eog 4 6 8 . Di o d o r u s S i cu l u s ( v 7 0 ) me nt i on s t h e .

l e g e n d t h at Z e u s w as b orn at Di c t e i n Cr e t e , an d t h at t h e
g od aft e r war d s f ou n d e d a c i t y on t h e s i t e B u t acc ord i n g t o .

Di o dor u s , or h i s au t h o r i t i e s , t h e ch il d w as b r o u g h t u p i n a
c av e on M ou n t I d a T h e an c i en t s w e r e n ot agr ee d as t o
.

w h e t h e r t h e i n fan t god h ad b e en r ear e d on M ou n t Id a or M ou n t

Di c t e . A p oll o d or u s d e c l ar e s for Di c t e , an d h e i s s u pp o r t e d
b y Vi r gil ( G eor g iv S e r vi u s ( on Vi rgil , A 6 1 1 iii
. . . .

an d t h e V at i c an My t h og r ap h e r s ( S cr ip tor es r er um my th i
car u m L a ti n i , e d G H B od e , Ce ll i s , 1 8 3 4 v o l i pp 3 4 , 7 9 ,
. . .
, . . .

Fi rs t Vat i c an M y t h og rap h e r , 1 04 S e c on d V at i c an M y t h o ,

g r ap h e r , On t h e o t h e r h and t h e c l ai m o f M o u nt I d a i s
favo u r e d b y Calli mach u s ( H y mn , i O vi d ( Fa s ti iv .
, .

an d L ac t an t i u s P l ac i d u s ( on S t at i u s T h eb i v Th e , . .

w av e ri ng o f t r ad i t i on on t h i s p oi n t i s i n d i cat ed b y A po ll o
6
 T HE L I B RA RY ,
1 . 1. 4
—
7

b re t hre n w h o h ad been h u r l e d d o w n t o Tar t ar u s ,

an d c o m mi t t e d t h e s o v e rei g n t y t o Cr on u s .

B u t h e again b ou n d an d sh u t t h e m u p i n Tar t ar u s ,
an d w e d d e d h i s si s t e r Rhe a ; an d si n ce b ot h Ear t h an d

S ky fo re t o l d h i m t h at h e w o u l d b e d e t hr o n e d b y his
o w n son , he u s e d t o s w all o w h i s o ffs p ri n g at bir t h .

Hi s fi rs t b or n H e st i a h e s w all o w e d , t he n D e me t er an d
-

H er a, an d a ft e r t h e m P l u t o an d P os e i d on 1
E n r ag e d .

at t his , Rhe a r e aire d t o Cr e t e , w he n sh e w as b i g

p
w i t h Ze u s, an d b r ou gh t h im fo r t h i n a c av e o f Dic t e 2
.

S he gav e h i m t o t h e Cu r e t es an d t o t h e n y mp hs
A d ras t i a an d Id a, d au g h t er s o f M e l i s se u s , t o n u r s e
'‘

S o t he s e n y m p h s fe d t h e chi l d o n t h e m i lk o f
A mal t he a ; an d t h e Cu re t e s in ar ms g u ar d e d t h e
3

d o ru s , wh o w h il e h e c all s t h e mou n t ai n Di c t e , n ame s o n e o f

t h e g od s n u r s es I d a
’
.

3
A s t o t h e n u r t u r e of Z eu s b y t h e n y mp h s , s e e Calli
mac h u s , H y mn i 4 6 s q q ; Di od or u s S i cu l u s v 7 0 2 s q
. .
, . . .

O vi d , Fas ti , v 1 1 1 s q q
. Hygi n u s , Fa b 1 3 9 ; i d A s tr on om
. . . .

ii 1 3 ; S e r v iu s , on Vi rgil , A en iii 1 0 4 ; Lact ant i u s Pl ac i d u s ,

. . .

on S t at i u s , Th eb iv 7 84 ; S cr ip tor es r er u m my th i car u m
. .

L ati n i , e d G H B od e , v ol i pp 3 4 7 9 (Fi r s t V at i c an
. . . . . .
,

M y t h og rap h e r , 1 0 4 ; S e c on d V at i c an M y t h og r ap h e r ,
A cc or d i ng t o Calli mach u s , A mal t h e a w as a g oat A r at u s .

al s o r e p o r t e d , i f h e d i d n o t b e li e v e , t h e s t o r y t h at t h e
s u p r e me g o d h ad b e e n s u c kl e d b y a g o at ( S t r a b o viii 7 5 , , . .

p . an d t h i s w ou l d s e e m t o h av e b e e n t h e c o m mo n
o pi n i on ( Di od or u s S i c u l u s , v 7 0 3 ; Hygi n u s , A str on om ii
. . . .

1 3 ; S e c o n d V at i c an M y t h og r ap h e r , A cc o r d i n g t o o n e
acc ou n t , h i s n u r s e A mal t h e a h u n g h i m i n h i s cr ad l e on a t r ee
“
i n o r d e r t h at h e mig h t b e f o u n d n e i t h e r i n h e av e n n or o n
e ar t h n or i n t h e s e a
”
( Hygi n u s , Fab M e li s s e u s , t h e
.

fat h e r o f h i s n u rs e s A d r as t i a an d Id a, i s sai d t o h av e b e e n a
C r e t an ki n g ( Hygi n u s , A s tr on om ii b u t h i s n ame i s
. .

p rob ab ly d u e t o an at t e mp t t o r at i on ali z e t h e s t o ry t h at t h e
i n fan t Z e u s w as fe d b y b e e s S e e Vi r gil , Geor g i 1 4 9 sqq
. . . .

wi t h t h e n ot e of S e r vi u s o n 11 1 5 3 ; Fi r s t Vat i c an M y t h o
.

g rap h e r , 1 04 S e c ond V at i c an My t h ograp h e r , 1 6 .

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1 EB : 67 6 11 11 17917 R 11 0 .

1 A s t o t h e Cu r e t e s i n t h e i r c ap ac i t y of g u ar d i an s o f t h e
i n fan t Z e u s , s e e Calli mach u s , H y mn , i 5 2 s q q ; S t r ab o, x . . .

3 1 1 , p 4 68 Di od or u s S i c u l u s v 7 0 , 2 4 ; Lu cr e t i u s , ii
. .
, .
-
.

6 33 — 63 9 Vi rgil , Geor g iii 1 5 0 sq ; O vi d , Fast i , i v 2 0 7 s q q . . . .

Hygi n u s , Fa b 1 3 9 ; S e r vi u s , o n Vi rgil , A en iii 1 0 4 ; Lac

. . .

t ant i u s Pl ac id u s , o n S t at i u s , Th eb i v 7 8 4 ; S cr ip tor es r er u m . .

my th i car u m L ati ni , e d G H B od e , v ol 1 pp 3 4 , 7 9 ( Fi r s t . . . . . .

V at i c an M y t h og rap h e r , 1 04 S e c o nd V at i c an My t h og rap h e r ,
T h e s t o r y o f t h e w ay i n w h i ch t h e y p r o t e c t e d t h e d ivi n e
i n fant fro m h i s i n h u man p ar e n t b y c l as h i n g t h ei r w e ap on s
may r e fl e c t a r e al c u s t om, b y t h e o b se r v an c e of w h i ch h u man
p ar e nt s en d e av o u r e d t o g u ar d t h e i r i n fan t s agai n s t t h e
as s au l t s o f d e mon s S e e Folk lor e i n th e Ol d Tes ta men t , iii
.
-
.

4 72 sq q .

2
A s t o t h e t r i c k b y w h i ch R h e a s av e d Z e u s fr o m t h e maw
o f h i s f at h e r C r on u s , s e e Hes i od , T h eog 4 8 5 s q q ; Pau s an i as , . .

viii 3 6 3 , ix 2 7 , ix 4 1 6 , x 2 4 6 ; O vi d , Fas t i , iv 1 9 9
. . . . . . . . .

2 0 6 ; Hygi n u s , Fa b 1 39 ; S e r vi u s , o n Vi r gil , A 6 1 1 iii 1 04 ;

. . .

Lact an t i u s Pl ac i d u s , o n S t at i u s , Th eb iv 7 8 4 ; S cr ip t or es . .

r er u m my t h i ca r u m L a ti ni , e d G H Bod e , v ol i pp 3 4 , 7 9 . . . . . .

( Fi r s t V at i c an M y t h o g r ap h e r , 1 0 4 ; S e c on d V at i c an M y t h o
g rap h e r , T h e v e r y s t on e w h i ch C r o n u s s w all o w e d a nd
af t e r w ar d s s p e w e d o u t w a s s h o w n a t De lp h i d o w n t o t h e
s e c on d c e n t u r y o f o u r e r a ; o i l w as d aily p o u r e d o n i t , an d o n

8
 T H E L I BRA RY , I . 1 .
7
— 11 . I

b abe in t h e c av e c l ashi n g t h e ir s p e ars on t h e ir

,

shie l d s i n o r d er t h at Cr on u s mi g h t n ot h e ar t h e
chi l d s v o ic e B u t Rhe a w r app e d a s t on e i n s w ad dl i n g
’ 1
.

c l ot he s an d gav e i t t o Cr on u s t o s w all o w as i f i t ,

2
w e r e t h e n e w b or n chi l d
-
.

1 1 B u t w h e n Ze u s w as fu ll g r o w n he t oo k M e t is
.
-
, ,

dau gh t e r o f O ce an t o he l p him an d s h e g av e Cr o n u s
, ,

a d r u g t o s w all o w w hich fo rce d him t o d i s g o r g e firs t

,

t h e s t on e an d t he n t h e chi l d re n w h om h e h ad s w al
l o w e d an d w i t h t h e ir ai d Z e u s w ag e d t h e w ar
3
,

ag ai n s t Cr on u s an d t h e T i t an s
4
T h e y fou g h t fo r .

f es t iv al d ay s u n s p u n w ool w as l ai d on i t ( Pau s an i as x 2 4 , . .

W e r e ad t h at on t h e b i r t h of Z e u s s e l d e r b rot h e r Pos e i d on
,
’
,

h i s mot h e r R h e a s av e d t h e b ab y i n lik e man n e r b y givi n g h i s

fat h e r Cron u s a f oal t o s w all o w w h i ch t h e d e it y s e e ms t o,

h av e fou n d mo r e d i ges t i b l t h an t h e st on e for h e i s n ot s ai d

e ,

t o h av e s p at i t o u t ag ai n ( Pau s an i as viii 8 Ph al ar i s t h e
, . .
,

n o t o r i o u s t y r an t o f A g r i g e n t u m d e d i c at e d i n t h e s an c t u ar y
,

of L i n d i an A t h e n a i n R h od es a b o wl w h i ch was e n r i ch e d wi t h
a r e li e f r e p r e s e n t i n g Cr on u s i n t h e ac t o f r e c e iv i n g h i s ch il d r e n
at t h e h an d o f R h e a an d s w all o wi n g t h e m A n i n s cr ip t i on .

o n t h e b o wl s e t f o r t h t h at i t w as a p r e s e n t fr om t h e f amo u s

ar t i s t Dae d al u s t o t h e Si c ili an ki n g C o c al u s T h e se t h i n g s .

w e l e ar n fr o m a l on g i n s cr ip t i on w h i ch w as f o u n d i n r e c e n t
y e ar s at Li nd u s i t c on t ain s an i n ven to r y o f t h e t re as u r e s
:

p re se r ve d i n t h e t empl e of A t h e n a t og e t h e r wi t h h i s t or i c al
,

n o t e s u p on t hem S e e Ch r
. B li n k e n b e r g L a Ch r on i q u e
.
,

d a t emp l e L i n d i en ( Cop e n h ag e n p 3 32 ( A ca d é mi e
, .

R oy al e d es S ci en ces et d es L ettr es d e D an ema r lc, E x tr ai t d a

B u ll eti n d c l a nné c 1 9 1 2 , N o 5
’
.

3
A s t o t h e d i s g o r gi n g of h i s o ffs p r i n g b y C r o nu s , s e e
He s i o d , T h eog 4 9 3 s q q , w h o , h o w e v e r , s ay s n ot h i n g ab ou t
. .

t h e ag e n c y of M e t i s i n ad mi n i s t e r i n g an e m e t i c , b u t a t t r i b u t e s
t h e s t r at ag e m t o E ar t h ( G ai a ) .

4
A s t o t h e w ar of Z e us o n t h e T i t an s , s ee H e s i o d , T h eog .

6 1 7 s qq ; H or ac e , Od es , iii 4 4 2 s qq ; H ygi n u s , Fab 1 1 8

. . . . . .

9
 A PO LL O D O R U S

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R W ag n e r , Ep i toma Vati ca na , p 8 4
. . .

3
Th e M S S ad d 7 p t o x 1 A 1 a 1 ( A ) or 7 p1 0 xf7u ot ( E )
'
. Th e
' '

w o rd s e e ms t o h av e b e e n i n t e r p ol at e d fr om He s i od , Th eog .

36 4

1
T h e mo s t an c i e n t o r ac l e at De lp h i w as s ai d t o b e t h at of
E ar t h ; i n h e r o ffic e o f p r o p h e t es s t h e g odd e s s w as t h e r e
s u cc e e d e d b y T h e mi s , w h o w as aft e r w ar d s d i s pl ac e d b y
A p oll o S e e A es ch y l u s , E u men i des , l s qq Pau s an i as , x 5
. . . .

5 sq I t i s s ai d t h at o f old t h e r e w as an o r ac l e of Ear t h at
.

Ol y mpi a, b u t i t n o l on g e r e xi s t e d i n t h e se c on d c en tu r y o f ou r
e ra . S e e Pau s an i as , v 1 4 1 0 A t A e g i ra i n A ch ai a t h e
. . .

o r ac l e s o f E ar t h w e r e d e liv e r e d i n a s u b t e rr an e an c av e b y
a p r i e s t e s s , w h o h ad p r e vi o u s ly d r u n k b u ll s b l oo d as a me an s
’

o f i n s pi r a t i on S e e P li n y , N a t H i s t xxviii 1 4 7 ; c ompar e
. . . .

P au s an i as , vii 2 5 1 3 I n t h e l at e r d ay s o f an t i q u i t y t h e
. . .

o r ac l e o f E ar t h at De lp h i w as e x l ai n e d b so m e p h il o s op h e r s

g
p
0 1 1 r at i o n ali s t i c p r i n c ipl es t h e y s u pp o s e t h at t h e p r i e s t e s s
.

was t hr o w n i n t o t h e p r o p h e t i c t r an c e b y n at u r al e x h al at i on s
from t h e g ro u nd , an d t h e y e xpl ai ne d t h e d ec ad e n c e o f t h e
I Q
 T H E L I B RAR Y , 1 4

t e n y e ars , Ear t h p r op hesie d v ic t o ry t o Ze u s i f

an d
1

he sh ou l d h av e as all ies t h os e w h o h ad b een h u rl e d

d o w n t o Tart ar u s S o he s l e w t heir g aol e ress Cam p e ,
.

an d l oo se d t h e ir b o n d s A n d t h e Cy c l o p es t h e n g av e
.

2
Ze u s t h u n d er an d l i gh t n i n g an d a t h u n d er b ol t , an d
on P l u t o t h e b e s t o w e d a h e l me t an d o n P o s ei d o n
y
a t ri d e n t Ar m e d w i t h t h ese w e ap on s t h e god s
.

o v e rc am e t h e T i t an s , s h u t t he m u p i n T ar t ar u s , an d

ap p o i n t e d t h e H u n d r e d h an d ers t h eir g u ar d s ; 3 b ut -

t he y t hems e l v e s c as t l ot s fo r t h e s o v erei g n t y , an d
t o Z e u s w as all ot t e d t h e d o mini o n o f t h e s ky, t o
P o sei don t h e d o mi n i on of t h e s e a, an d t o P l u t o t h e
d om i n i on i n H ad e s 4
.

N o w t o t h e T i t an s w e re b o rn o ffs p rin g : t o O ce an
an d T e t h s w er e b o r n O ce an i d s , t o w i t , Asi a, S t x ,
y y

r c l e i n t h e i r o wn t i me b y t h e g rad u al c e s sat i on o f t h e
o a
e x h al at i on s T h e t h e o ry i s s c ou t e d b y Ci c e r o
. S e e Pl u t arch .
,

D e d ej ec ta 0 1 ac11 l0 1 1 1 1n 4 0 s q q Ci c e r o D e di vi n ati on e
, .
, ,

38 i 3 6 7 9 ii 5 7 1 1 7
, . .
, .A s i mil ar t h e ory i s s t i ll h e l d b y
. .

W i zard s i n Loan g o on t h e w e s t c oast of A fr i c a ; h e n c e i n

,

o r d e r t o r e c e iv e t h e i n s pi r at i on t h e y d es c e n d i n t o an ar t i fic i al

p i t or nat u r al h o ll o w an d r e mai n t h e r e for s o me t i me ab s o rb ,

i n g t h e b l e s se d i n fl u e n c e j u s t as t h e G r e e k p r i es t esse s for a
,

s i mil ar p u r p o se d e s c e n d e d i n t o t h e o r ac u l ar c av e r n s at A e i ra
g
and De lp h i S e e D i e L oan go E x p ed i ti on iii 2 v on Dr E
.
, .
, . .

P e ch u el Loe s ch e ( S t u t t g ar t p 4 4 1 A s t o t h e o racu l ar
‘

-
. .
,

cav e rn at De lp h i an d t h e i n s pi r i n g e x h al at i on s w h i ch w e r e
s u pp ose d t o e man at e fr o m i t s e e Di o d oru s S i cu l u s x v i 26 ;
, ,
.

S t rab o ix 3 5 p 4 1 9 ; Pau san i as x 5 7 ; J u st i n xxiv 6

, . .
, .
,
. .
, . .

6 9
—
.T h at t h e Py t h i an p r i e s t e s s d es c e n d e d i n t o t h e c av e r n
t o gi v e t h e o r ac l e s app e ar s fr o m an e xp r e s s i o n of P l u t arch
( D e d efectu m
'
or acu lor u i s 7 11 , 51,A S to 11 a7 e B1 7 71 611 s

l
t h e o r ac e s o f E ar t h i n an t q u t , s e e A B o u ch é Le cl e rc q , i i y .

H i s toi r e d e l a D i vi n ati on dan s l A n ti u i té ,

’
25 1 s qq L R q ii . . . .

F ll
ar n e , T h e C u l ts of th e Gr e ek S ta tes , 1 8 s qq ii . .

2
Co m ar e He s od , T h eog 5 0 1 — 50 6
p i . .

3
Co m ar e He s o d , T h eog 7 1 7 s qq
p i . .

Co m ar e Ho me r , Il
p 1 8 7 s q q ; P at o , Gorgi as ,
. xv 5 2 3A
. . l p . .

I I
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Th e M S S ad d 7 0111
1
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M u ll e r , an d B e kk e r al t e r i n t o 7 179
I 15picos H e y n e , M ii l l e r , B e kk e r , H e rch e r ,
2 <>
( c ompa r e ii .

4 . 41 1511 11 6 9 A .

1
C omp ar e He s i od , T h eog 3 4 6 — 3 6 6 , w h o me n t i on s al l t h e
.

O c e an i d s n ame d b y A p o ll od o r u s e x c e p t A mp h i t r i t e , w h o w as
a N e re i d S e e A p oll od o r u s , i 2 7 H e s i od T h eog 2 4 3
. . .
, . .

2
A s t o t h e o ffs p ri n g o f Coe u s an d P h oe b e , se e He s i od ,
Th eog 4 04 s qq. .

3
A s t o t h e o ff s p r i n g o f Hyp e r i o n an d T h i a, s e e H e s i o d ,
Th eog 3 7 1 s q q
. .

4
A s t o t h e o ffs p r i n g o f C r i u s an d E u ryb i a, s e e He s i od ,
T h eog 3 7 5 s qq
. .

5
A s t o t h e o ffs p r i n g o f I ap e t u s an d A s i a s e e H e s i o d , ,

Th eog 5 0 7 — 5 2 0
. .

6
I t i s s ai d t h at C ro n u s as s u me d t h e s h ap e o f a h o r s e w h e n
h e c on s o r t e d wi t h P h ily r a , an d t h at , w e ar e t o l d , w as w h y

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w h i ch He y n e , W e st e rman n ,

M u ll e r B e kk e r l t e r in t o ’

,
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li ne ) an d E ar t h ( c o n c e iv e d as f e mi n i n e ) , s ee Hes i od , T h eog .

233 s qq Hy g i n u s , Fab p 2 8 , e d B u n t e
. . . . .

2
A s t o t h e o ffs p r i n g of T h au mas an d E l e c t ra, s e e He s i od ,
T h eog 2 65 s q q
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I 4
 T H E L I B RA RY , I . 11 . 6— 111 . I

T h au m as , N ere u s , E u ry b i a, an d Ce t o .
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T h au m as an d Iri s an d t h e Harp ie s
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b orn t h e Ph orc i d s an d G or go ns of w h om w e s h all

3
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sp e ak w he n w e t re at o f P e rse u s T o N er e u s an d .

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n o me ,
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an d L imn o ri a .

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.
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5
I l i t hy i a an d Ar e s b u t he h ad in t erc o u rse w i t h m an y
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w om e n b o t h m or t al s an d i mm o r t al s By T h e mis
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,

d au g h t er o f S ky h e h ad d au g h t ers t h e S e aso ns t o, , ,

w i t Pe ace O r d er an d J u s t ice ; al s o t h e Fat es t o w i t

, , , , ,

Cl ot h o Lachesis an d A t rO p u s ;
,
6
b y Di o n e he h ad
,

He s i od , T h eog . 2 70 s qq Bu nte
.
; Hygi n u s , Fab . p . 29 , ed . .

A s t o t h e mon s t e r s t h e ms e lv e s , s e e A p oll o d o r u s , ii 4 2 s q . . .

4
Fo r li s t s o f N e r e i d s , s e e H o me r , I l x viii 3 8 4 9 H e s i od , . .
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. .
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. . . . .

5
A s t o t h e o ffs p r i n g o f Z e u s an d He r a, s e e Ho me r I I V . .

8 89 s q q ( A r e s ) , xi 2 7 0 s q ( I li t h yia ) , 0 d xi 603 s q ( H e b e )
. . . . .

He si od , T h eog 92 1 s q q A cc o r d i n g t o He s i o d , He ra was t h e
. .

l as t c on s or t w h om Z e u s t ook t o h i mse l f ; h i s firs t wi fe w as

M e t i s , an d h i s se c on d Th e mi s ( T h eog 8 8 6 , 9 0 1 , .

6
For t h e d au g h t e r s of Z e u s an d T h e mi s , s e e He s i od ,
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to Di o n e mo ther o f A p hr o d i te s ee H o mer I l v 3 7 0
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s qq ; E u r i p i de s
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w h i ch gathered r oun d the s e v ered g e n i tal s o f Sky ( Uran u s ) .

S ee He s i o d Th eog 1 88 s q q , . .

2
A s to t he p are n t ag e o f t he G r ace s s e e H e s i od T h eog , , .

90 7 s q q ; P au s an i as i x 3 5 5 Hy g i n u s Fab p 30 ed B u n te
.
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. .
,
. .
,
. .

3
A cc o rd i n g to t he u s u al acc ou n t t he moth er o f Per s e p h o n e ,

w as n ot S t yx b u t Demet er S ee He s i o d T h eog 9 1 2 s q ; .
, . .

H omerzc H y mn to D emeter 1 s qq ; Pau s an i as v iii 3 7 9 ,

.
,
. .

Hyg i n u s Fab p 3 0 ed B u n t e , . .
,
. .

4
A s to t he n ame s an d p are n t ag e o f t he M u s e s s e e He s i o d , ,

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. .
, .

5
A cc ou n t s d i ffer as t o t he p are n tag e o f L i n u s A cc o rd i n g .

t o on e he was a so n o f A pollo b y the M u s e Uran i a ( Hy g i n u s

, ,

F ab . acc o rd i n g t o an o ther he w as a s on of A pollo ,

b y P s amathe d au g ht er o f C r o t opu s ( P au s an i as ii
, ,
.

acc o rd i n g to ano ther he w as a s on o f A pollo b y A e t h u s a , ,

d au g h t er o f P o s e i d on ( C on tes t of H omer an d H es zod p 5 7 0 .

,

ed E v e ly n Wh i te L o eb C l as si cal
.
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,

an o ther he w as a s on o f M a n e s b y the M u s e Cl i o ( T zetze s

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S c h o l on L y cop h ro n
.
,
6
T h at O r p he u s w as a s on o f O e ag r u s b y the M u s e Call i op e
i s affir med al s o b y A pollo n i u s Rh od i u s A rgo n i 2 3 s q q ,
. . .

Co n o n N arr at 4 5 ; Tze t ze s S ch ol on L y cop h ron 8 3 1

, .
,
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,

1 6
 THE L I B RA R Y I , . 111 . 1 —2

A p hr o dite ; b y E u r yn o m e d a ug hter of Oce an h e 1

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h a d the G r a ce s t o w it A gl a i a E u p hr o syn e an d , , , ,

T h a l i a ; b y S ty x h e h a d Per s e p h o n e ; an d b y
2 3

Me m o r y ( M n e m o sy n e ) he h a d th e M u s e s fir s t Call i op e , ,

the n C l i o M e l po m e n e E u terp e Er a t o T er p s ich o re

, , , , ,

Ur an i a Th al i a an d P o ly mn i a 4
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6
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b y h i s s o n g s m o v ed s t on e s an d tree s And w h e n .

h i s w i fe E u r y dice died bitte n b y a s n ak e h e w e n t , ,

d o w n t o H a de s bei n g fa i n t o bri n g her u p an d h e

7
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the aut h o r o f T h e C on tes t 0 H omer an d H es i od p 5 7 0 ed ,

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E v e ly n Wh i te Hy g i n u s Fab 1 4 an d the Fi rs t an d S ec on d
-
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.

Vat i c an M y th og rap her s ( S crip tor es r eru m my th i car u m L a o

ti n t ed G H B o de v ol i pp 26
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.
, . . .
,

he l d b y A s c l e p i ade s b u t s o me s ai d th at h is mo ther w as the ,

M u s e P oly mn i a ( S ch ol i as t on A pollon i u s R h od i u s A rgon i ,

. .

Pau s an i as r ou n d ly de n i ed t h at the mu s i c i an s mo ther ’

w as t he M u s e Call i op e ( i x 30 Th at h i s father w as . .

O e ag r u s i s me n t i o n ed al s o b y P lat o (S y mp os p 1 7 9 D ) Dio . .
,

d o r u s S i cu l u s ( i v 2 5 an d Cl e me n t o f A l e x an dr i a ( P r otr ep t
. . .

7 p 63 ed P o tter )
,
. A s t o the pow er o f O r p he u s t o mov e
,
. .

s t o n e s an d tree s b
y h i s s i n g i n g s e e E u r i p i de s B acch ae 5 6 1 , , ,

s qq ; A pollo n i u s R h o d i u s A r g on i 2 6 s qq ; Di o d or u s S i c u l u s
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,

iv . 2 5 2 ; E r at o s the n e s C atas ter 2 4 ; Co n o n N arr at 4 5

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Ho race O d es i 1 2 7 s q q ; S e n ec a H er c u l es O etaeu s 1 0 36
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s q q ; Ld .
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A s t o the de s ce n t o f O r p he u s t o he ll t o fe t ch up E u r y d i ce
7
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c o mp are Pau san i as i x 3 0 6 ; C o n on N arrat 4 5 ; Vi rg i l ,

. .
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,

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v iii 5 9 an d 6 0 ; S crip tores r eru m my th i caru m L ati nl ed

.
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G H B o de vol 1 p p 2 6
. . 9 0 (Fi r s t Vat i c an M y th o g r ap her
, . . .
,

7 6 S ec o n d Va ti c an M yt h o g r ap her Th at E u ry d i ce w as ,

k i ll ed b y t he bi te o f a s n ak e on w h i ch s h e h ad acc i de n tally
tr o dde n i s menti on ed b y V i r g i l O v i d H yg i n u s an d the , ,

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. ii . 3 . 1 , ii i . 14 .

1
On O rp he u s
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p i de s R h es us 9 4 3 s q ; A r i s top h an e s Fr ogs 1 03 2 ; P l at o
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i x 30 4 x 7 2 ; P lu t arch Fr ag 8 4 ( P lu t arch Di d o t ed
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. .
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, .

v ol v p . A cc o rd i n g t o Di o d oru s S i cu l u s ( i
. . the .

my s ter i e s o f Di on y s u s “ h i ch O r p he u s i n s t i t u ted i n G i e e ce
w ei e c o p i ed b y h i m fr o m t h e E g yp t i an my s ter i e s o f O s i r i s .

T h e v i e w th at the my s ter i e s o f D i o n y s u s w ere b as ed o n th o s e

o f O s i r i s h as b ee n mai n t ai n ed l n rece n t y e ars b y the er y ab l e
an d l e ar n ed Fre n ch s ch ol ar M o n s i e u r Paul Fou c art See h is ,
.

tre ati s e L e c u lte d e D i on y s os en A tti q u e ( Pari s

,
pp 8 ,
.

L es my s ter es d El eu s Ls ( Par i s pp 1 s q q ’ ’
s qq 7d . . ,
. .
,

445 s qq
2
t o t he de ath o f O rp he u s at the h an d s o f the M ae n ad s
As
o r t he Thr ac i an wo me n s e e Pau s an i as i x 3 0 5 ; Co n on , ,
. .
,

N ar r at 4 5 ; E r at o s the n e s C at as ter 2 4 ; V i r g i l G eorg i v

.
, . , . .

52 0 s q q O v i d M etamorp h x i 1 s qq Us u ally the wo me n are

.
,
. . .

1 8
 T HE LI BR A R Y, I . 111 . 2 —
3

p er s u a ded P lu t o t o s e n d her u p T he g o d p r o m i s ed .

t o d o so i f o n the w ay Or p he u s w o ul d n ot t u r n r o u n d
,

u n ti l he s h o ul d be c om e t o h i s o w n h o u s e B u t h e .

di s o be y ed an d t u r n i n g r o u n d behe l d h i s w i fe ; s o
sh e t u r n ed b a c k Or ph e u s al s o i n v e n ted the .

my s terie s of Di o n y s u s 1
an d h a v in g been t o r n in ,

p iece s by th e M a e n ad s he i s b u ried in Pieri a C l i o

2
.

fe ll in l o ve w ith Pi e r u s s o n of M agn e s i n c o n s e q u ence , ,

of th e w r ath of A p hr o dite w h om sh e h ad tw itted ,

w ith h e r l o v e of Ad o n i s ; an d h a v i n g me t h i m s h e
b o re h i m a s on H ya ci n th fo r w h om T h amy ri s the , ,

s on of Ph i l amm o n an d a n y m p h Ar g i op e c o n cei v ed ,

a pa ss i on he bei n g th e fir s t t o bec ome e n amo u red o f

,

mal e s . B u t a fterw a rd s A po ll o l o v ed H yaci n th a nd

k i ll ed h i m i n v ol u n t ari l y b y th e c a st of a qu o it And
3
.

sa i d to h av e b ee n o ffe n ded b y the w i d ow er s c on stan c y t o ’

the me mo ry o f h i s l at e w i fe an d b y h i s i n d i ffere n ce t o the i r ,

ch arms an d e n de ar me n ts B u t E rat o s the n e o r r ather the . s

w r i ter w h o took th at n ame p u t s a d i ffere n t c o mpl e x i on n , o

t he s t o ry H ay th at O rp he u s d i d n ot h on ou r Di ony su
. e s s s,

b ut e s tee med the su n t he g re ate s t o f the g o d s an d u s ed t o ,

r i s e v er y e ar ly e v ery day i n o rder t o se e the s u n r i s e fr o m the

t op o f M o u n t Pan g ae u m Th i s an g ered Di o ny s u s an d he .
,

s t i rred u p the B ass ar i d s o r B acch an al s t o re n d the b ard l i mb

fr o m l i mb A e s ch ylu s w r o te a tr ag ed y on the s u b j ect c all ed

.

the B as s ari ds o r B as s ar ae S ee T ragi cor u m Graecoru m .

Fr agmen ta ed A N au c k ( L e i ps i c
,
. . pp 9 s q 2
, . .

3
A s to the de ath o f Hy ac i n th k i ll ed by the c as t o f A pollo s
’
,

q uo i t
, s e e N i c an d e r T h er 9 0 1 s q q ; P au s an i as iii
, 1 9 4 sq ; . .
, . . .

L u c i an D i al d eoru rn x i v ; Ph i l os t r at u s I mag i 2 3
, .
, .
,
. .

Palae p h at u s D e i n credi b 4 7 O v i d M etamorp h x 1 62 s q q

,
.
,
. . .

S er v i u s o n V i r g i l E el iii 6 3 ; L ac t an t i u s P l ac i d as on
, ,
. .
,

S t at i u s T h eb i v 2 2 3 S cri p tor es r er u m my th i car u m L ati n i

, . .
,

ed G H B o d e ol 1 p p 3 7 1 3 5 s q ( Fi r s t Vat i c an M y t h o
. . .
,
v . . .
,
.

g r ap her 1 1 7 , S ec o n d Vat i c an M y th o g r ap her Th e ,

u s u al s t o ry ran th at A p ollo and t h e We s t Wi n d o r acc o rd i n g , ,

t o others the N o rth W i nd w ere r i v al s fo r the affect i on o f

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, .

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, .

j e al ou s W e s t W i n d took h i s re v e n g e b y b low i ng a b l as t w h i ch
d i v erted the q uo i t thr ow n b y A pollo s o th at i t s tr u c k ,

Hy ac i n th on the he ad an d k i ll ed h i m Fr om the b loo d o f t he .

s l ai n you th s p r an g the h y ac i n t h i n s cr ib ed w i th l et t er s w h i ch ,

c o mme mo r ated h i s trag i c de ath ; t h ou g h the an c i e n t s w ere n ot

at on e i n the re ad i n g o f the m So me l i k e O v i d re ad i n the m .
, ,

the e x c l amat i o n A I A I th at i s A l as al as O thers l i k e

, , , ,

the S ec on d Vat i c an M y th o g rap her fan c i ed th at t he y c oul d ,

detect i n the d ar k l i n e s of the flow er t he fir s t G ree k l ett er ( T )

o f Hy aci n th s n ame ’
.

1
Th i s acc ou n t o f T h amy r i s an d h i s c onte st w i t h t he M u s e s
i s re p e at ed al m o s t v er b ally b y Z e n ob i u s C en t i v 2 7 an d b y , . .
,

a S ch ol i as t on H o mer I l i i 5 9 5 A s t o the b ard s r i v al r y

’
. . .
,

w i th the M u s e s an d the b l i n d n e s s the y i n fl i cted on h i m s e e

, ,

H o mer I l ii 5 9 4 6 00 ; c o mp are E u r i p i de s R h es u s 9 1 5 s q q ;
,
. .
—
, ,
.

S cr i p tor es r eru 7n my th i car u m L ati n i ed G H B o de vol i ,

. . .
, . .

p . 60 ( F i r s t V a t i c an M y th o g r ap her The s t o r y o f the ,

p u n i s h m e n t o f Th a m y r i s i n h e ll w as t ol d i n the e p i c po e m T h e

M i n y ad attr i b ut ed t o Pr od icu s the Ph o c ae an ( P au s an i as i v

, , .

33 . I n the g re at p i ct u re o f the u n der wo r l d p ai n ted b y

P oly g n otu s at De l p h i the b l i n d mu s i c i an w as po rtr ay ed ,

s i tt i n g w i th lo n g fl ow i n g lo c k s an d a b r ok e n ly re at h i s feet

( Pau s an i as x 30 ,
. .

20
 A PO LLO DO R U S

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M in-1 81 , E S ch ol i ast on P l ato, T i maeus , p 2 3 . D : (9 67 1 6 1 A .

o f wo me n w i th out s e xu al i n t erc ou r s e app e ars to h av e b ee n

c o mmo n i f n ot u n i v er sal amon g men at a certai n s t ag e o f
, ,

s o c i al e volu t i o n an d i t i s s t i ll he l d b y man y s a v ag e s
, S ee .

A d on i s A tti s O s i r i s 3 rd ed i 9 2 s qq ; F ol k lor e i n th e O ld
, , , . . .
-

T es tamen t ii 2 04 n o te s ; A e t G G ran d i d i e r E th n ogr ap h i c

, .
, . .
,

d e M ad ag as car ii ( P ar i s p p 245 s q
,
.The s u b ject i s ,
. .

f ully d i s c u ss ed b y M r E S Hartl an d i n h i s P ri mi ti ve . . .

P atern i ty ( L o n d o n 1 9 0 9 ,
1
C o mp are H o mer I l i 5 7 1 s q 5 77 sq I n t he s e l i n e s
,
. . .
, .

H e p h ae s t u s p l ai n ly rec o gn i ze s H er a as h i s mo ther b ut i t i s ,

n o t e q u ally c l e ar th at he rec o g n i ze s Ze u s as h i s f at her ; t h e

e p i thet f at her w h i ch he appl i e s to h i m may refer to the
”
“

o d e n er al p at er n i t y i n re l at i o n to o d m
’

g s
g g s a n d e n .

2
S ee Ho mer I l i 5 90 s q ,
. . .

3
S e e H o mer I l x v 1 8 s qq w here Ze u s i s s ai d to h av e
,
. . .
,

t i ed two an v i l s to the feet o f Hera w he n he h u n g h e r ou t o f

he av e n Co mp are A pollo d o r u s ii 7 1 Non n u s in W e st er
.
, . .
,

man n s M y th ogr a p h i Gr aeci ( B r u n s w i c k A pp e n d i x

’
,

N ar r at i on u m x x i x 1 pp 3 7 1 s q . . .

The s i g ni fi c an ce o f l ame n e s s 1 n my th an d r i tu al 1 s ob s c u re
, ,

The Y o r u b as o f W e s t A fri c a s ay th at S h ankp an n a t he g od o f ,

s mall p o x i s l ame an d l i mp s alo n g w i th t he ai d o f a s t i c k o ne

-
, ,

o f h i s l e gs b e i n g w i thered S e e ( S i r ) A B E ll i s T h e Y o ru b a . . .
,

s p ea ki n g p e op l es of th e S l av e C oas t o
f W e s t A f i ca ( L o n d o n
'

r ,

p 7 3 The. E ko i o f
. Sou ther n N i g er i a re l a te h o w the
firs t fire on e arth w as s tol e n fr o m he av e n b y a b y w h o m t h e o ,

C re ato r ( Ob as s i O s aw ) pu n i s hed w i t h l ame n e s s f o r t he theft .

2 2
 THE LI B RA R Y ,
I . 111 .
5 6 -

one of her chi l dre n b y Ze u s H i m Ze u s cas t o u t o f .

1

he a v en bec a u s e he c ame t o the re s c u e o f H er a i n

,

h er b o nd s 2 Fo r w hen H erc ul e s h a d t ak e n Tr oy
.

an d w as a t se a H er a s e n t a s t o r m after h i m ; s o Ze u s ,

h u n g her fr om O l y m p u s 3
H e p h a e s t u s fe ll o n L e m .

n os a nd w as l am ed o f h i s l e g s 4
b u t T heti s s a v ed ,

h im .
5

Ze u s h a d interc o u r s e w ith Meti s w h o t u rn ed i n t o

many sh ap e s i n o rder t o a v o id h i s e m br a c e s Wh en
,

s h e w as w ith chi l d Ze u s ta k i n g ti m e b y the fo re l o c k , ,

See A mau r y T al b ot , I n th e S h ad ow of th e B u s h ( L o n d o n ,
P .

pp 3 7 0 sq T h s l a
.m e b o y s ee m s . i
t o pl ay the p art o f a
g oo d f a r y i n ko t al i
e s , a n d he i E i
s o cc as o n ally re re s e n ted i n
p i
a
“
s t l t p l ayi ”
b y an act o r w h o h as a s h o rt s t l t b ou n d r ou n d i
i
h i s r g ht l e g an d l mp s l k e a cr p p l e i
S e e P A mau r y T al b o t , i i . .

op ci t
.
p p 5 8 , 2 85 . A mo n g the . d o o f e n n c u s to m
. E B i
i
en j o n ed th at on ce a y e ar a l ame man s h oul d b e dragg ed ar ou n d
i
t he c ty , an d the n as far as a p l ace on the E ny ai r o ad , c all ed
A d an e h a i
T h s w as p r o b ab ly a cere mo n y o f pu r fic at o n
. i i .

S ee W N Th o mas , A n th r op ol og i cal R ep or t on th e E d a s p eak

. .
-

i n g p eop l es of N i g er i a , P art I ( L o n d o n , p 3 5 I n a r ace . . .

i
c all ed the K n g s R ace , w h ch u s ed t o e r u n b y l ad s on
“ ’ ”
i b
i E
G oo d Fr d ay o r as ter S at u rd ay i n s o me p art s o f the M ar k o f
B r an den b u rg , the w n n er w as c all ed the K n g , an d the l as t
“
i i
t o c o me i n w as call ed the L ame Car p e n ter
“ ”
On e o f the .

Car p e n ter s l e g s w as b an d ag ed w th s p l n t s as f t w ere

’
i i i i
b r ok e n an d he h ad to h o b b l e alo n g on a cr u tch Th u s he
, .

w as l ed fr o m h ou s e t o h ou s e y h i s c o mr ad e s , w h o c oll ec t ed b
e gg s to ak e a c ak e bS ee A Ku h n , M ar ki s ch e S ag en a n d
. .

M ar ch en ( er l n ,
'

pp B
3 2 3 sq i . .

5
A s t o the fall o f H e p h ae s t u s on L e mn o s , s e e Ho mer , I l .

i 5 9 0 s q q ; L u c an , D e s acr ifi ci i s , 6
. . i
Th e as s o c at o n o f the . i i
i i
f re g od w th L e mn o s i s s u p po s ed t o h av e ee n s u g g e s ted b y
-
b
a vol c an o c all ed M o s c h y l u s , w h ch h as d s ap p e ared p erh ap s i i
b
s u mer g ed i n the s e a S e e H F T o zer , T h e I s lan d s of th e . . .

A egean , p p 26 9 s q q ; R C J e b b o n S o p h o c l e s , P h i loctetes ,
. . . .

i
8 00 , w th the A pp e n d x p p i
A cc o rd n g t o an o ther , . i
acc ou n t , H e p h ae s t u s fe ll , n o t on L e mn o s , b u t n t o the s e a , i
w here he w as sav ed b y Thet s S e e Homer , Il xv 3 9 4 s q q i . . iii . .

23
 A PO L LO DO RUS

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I V T 6311 66 K 0 Lo v 9 6 7 a 7 6 p wv A 0 7 6 p La n6u
.

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p a 9 6 X a 6 v e 7 o é
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r L Lv 6d) 779 ,

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’
a t w fi e i o a 6 0 7 6 0 1/ A 7 r 7t 7t 6 1 2
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u
1 .

1
671 6 7 6 Heyn e c o mp ar i n g He s i o d T h eog
, , .

8 90 sq . : {A 6 7 6 A, We st erman n M ii l l e r B e kk er , , ,

H ercher , Wagn er .

2
E S ch ol i as t
,
on P l ato , Ti ma eu s , p . 23 D
A .

3
S ch ol i as t
A, on P l ato , T i maeu s , p . 23 D
E Wagn er
, .

1
Se e H e s i o d , T h eog . 8 8 6— 9 00 , 9 2 9 g— 9 2 9 P, ed . E v e ly n
W h i te S ch ol i as t on P l ato H e s i o d s ay s ,
T i mae u s , p 2 3 D . .

t h at Ze u s acted on the ad v i ce o r w arn i n g o f E arth an d S ky .

The S ch ol i as t o n H e s i o d q uo ted b y G oe t t li n g an d Pal e y i n ,

the i r c o mme n tar i e s s ay s th at M et i s h ad the p ow er o f tu rn i n g

,

her s e l f i nto any s h ap e s h e p l e as ed .

2
C o mp are the S ch ol i as t o n Ho mer I l i 1 9 5 w h o c i te s , . .
,

the fir s t b ook o f A pollo d o ru s as h is aut h o r i t y A cc o rd i ng to .

the u s u al acc ou n t f ollow ed b y the v as e p ai n ters i t w as ,

-
,

H e p h ae s t u s w h o c l eft the he ad o f Ze u s w i th an ax e an d s o
de l i v ered A the n a S ee P i n d ar O ly mp v ii 35 ( 65 ) s q q
.
, . .

S ch ol i as t o n P l at o Ti maeu s p 2 3 D A cc ord i n g t o E u r i p i d e s
, ,
. .

( I o n 4 54 s qq
, the de l i v er y w as effecte d b y Pr o methe u s ; b u t
.

a cc o rd i n g t o ot her s i t w as Pal amaon o r H er me s w h o s pl i t t h e

2 4
 T H E LI B RA R Y I ,
. 111 . 6— 1V . I

s w a ll o w ed her bec au s e E a rth s a id th a t aft er

, ,

g i v i n g birth t o t h e maide n w h o w as th e n i n her

w omb Meti s w o ul d be a r a s on w h o s h oul d be the l o rd
,

of he a v e n Fr om fe a r of th a t Ze u s s w all o w ed her
.
1
.

A n d wh e n the ti m e c am e fo r the birth t o t ak e p l a ce ,

Pr o m ethe u s o r as o ther s s ay H e p h a e s tu s sm o te the

, , ,

he a d of Ze u s w ith an ax e an d Athe n a fully a r m ed , , ,

l e ap ed u p fr om the t op h i s he ad a t th e ri v er Trit o n
o f 2
.

I V O f the d a ug hter s of Co e u s A steri a in th e

.
,

l i k ene ss o f a qu a i l fl u n g her s e l f i n t o the s e a i n o rder

t o e s c ap e the am o r o u s a d v an ce s of Ze u s an d a city ,

w as fo r m er l y c all ed after her A s teri a b u t a fterw a rd s ,

it w as n am ed De l o s 3 B u t L at on a fo r her i n tri gu e
.

w ith Ze u s w as h u n ted b y H er a o v er th e w h ol e e a rth ,

ti ll s h e c a me t o Del o s an d br o ught fo rth fir s t Arte m i s ,

b y the he l p o f w h o s e mid wi fery s h e afterw a rd s ga v e

birth t o A po ll o 4
.

head o f t he s up re me g od and s o allo w ed A then a t o l e ap f o rth .

S ee t he S ch ol i as t on Pi n d ar O lymp v ii 3 5 ,
. .

3
Co mp are Call i ma ch u s H y mn to D e los 3 6 s q q ; Tzetze s
, , .
,

S ch ol on Ly cop h r o n 4 0 1 ; H y g i n u s Fab 5 3 ; S erv i u s on

.
, , .
,

V i rg i l A en iii 7 3 Lact an t i u s Pl aci du s on S t at i u s T h eb i v

, . .
, ,
. .

7 9 5 ; S cr ip t or es rer u m my th i car u m L ati n i ed G H B o de , . . .

,

vol i p p 1 3 7 9 s q (Fi r s t Vat i c an My th og rap her 3 7

S ec o n d V ati c an M yt h o g r ap her
. . .
, ,

,
4
A s to t he b i rth o f A p ollo an d A rte mi s s e e t he H omeri c ,

H y mn to A p ollo 1 4 s q q ; P i n d ar On D el os p 5 6 0 ed
, .
, , .
,
.

S an d y s ; H y g i n u s Fab 1 4 0 an d
, the w r i ter s c i ted i n
.

the p reced i ng n o te The u s u al trad i t i on w as th at L at on a

.

g av e b i rth b o th t o A rte mi s an d t o A p ollo i n D e lo s w h i ch ,

f o r mer ly h ad b ee n c all ed A s ter i a o r Or t y g i a B u t the .

au th o r o f the H omeri c H y mn to A p oll o d i s t in g u i s he s

Ort y g i a fr o m De lo s an d s ay s th at w h i l e A p ollo w as b o r n i n
, ,

De lo s A rte mi s w as b o r n i n Or t y g i a
, Th u s d i s t i n g u i s hed .

fr o m De lo s the i s l an d o f Or t y g i a 1 s p r ob ab ly t o b e i dent i fied

, ,

as S tr ab o t h ou g ht w i th R hen i a an u n i n h ab i ted i s l an d a
, ,

l i tt l e w ay fr om De lo s w here w ere t he g rav e s o f the De l i an s

,

f o r n o de ad b o d y mi g ht b e b u r i ed o r b u rn t i n De lo s ( Str ab o ,

2 5
 A PO LLO D O R U S

H A p TG/
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,

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/ 66 7 7) v
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7 x 6 1)
7 6 L9 A 6 7t
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’ h

¢p v o v
¢ t v ev .

a 67 6v 7 7 a e7t 9 6 w 6 77 L 7 6 ci a 7 0 6 7 0 11 a v ek w v 7 6
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.

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fi v ya 7 p 69 ) Z 6 6 6 ) v v k fie
fi
‘
f 7 v 6 9 7 7 6 L 7 a , ,

EA , T zetze s , S ch o l on L y c op h r o n . 7 7 2 ( all
1 "
T Bp e ws .

W e st erman n : ® 6u s pe ws S ch ol as t on P n d ar , P y th i i
A r gu m ( p 2 9 7 , ed B oeckh ) , A e g as , He y n e , M ii ll e r ,
. . . i
B e kk er , Hercher , Wag n er .

2 ’
EA o p7) s
i
A egiu s : fl b
a /773 A : 671 6160 3 E .

x 5 5 p
. .
, N o t o n ly s o b ut i t w as n o t e v en l aw f ul
.
,

e i ther t o b e b o rn o r to d i e i n De lo s ; e xp ec tan t mother s an d

d y i n g f olk w ere ferr i ed acr o s s t o R he n i a there t o g i v e bi rth ,

o r t o d i e H ow e v er R he n i a i s s o n e ar the s acred i s l e t h at
.
,

w he n P oly crate s ty ran t o f S amo s ded i c ated i t to the , ,

De l i an A pollo he c o nn ected the t wo i s l an d s b y a ch ai n

, .

S e e Th u c y d i de s ii i 1 0 4 ; Di o d o r u s S i cu l u s x ii 5 8 1 ;
, .
,
. .

Pau s an i as ii The n ot i on th at e i ther a bi rth o r

, .

a de ath woul d defi l e the h oly i sl an d i s i llu s trat ed b y

an i n s cr i pt i o n f ou n d on t h e acr opol i s o f A t hen s w h i ch ,

dec l are s i t to b e the c u sto m th at n o o n e s h oul d b e

b o r n o r d i e w i th i n any s acred p rec i n c t S e e E<p mpi .
’
7 e s

ap x k y mfi A the n s
a ro o 1 884 p p 1 6 7 s q
,
The de s ol at e an d , , . .

r u i n ou s re mai n s o f the an c i e n t n ecr opol i s ov erg r ow n b y ,

as p h o de l may s t i ll b e s ee n o n the b are tree l e s s s 10 p e s o f

,

R he n i a w h i ch look s acr o s s t he s t r ai t t o De lo s
,
S ee H F . . .

T o zer T h e I s l an ds of th e A eg ean ( O x f o rd pp 1 4 sq ,
. .

T h e q ii ain t l e g e n d rec o rd d b y A pollo d o r u s th at 1 mme d 1 at e l y

,

e ,
,

a fter her b i rt h A rt e mi s he lp e d her ou n g er t w i n b r o ther

y
A pollo t o b e b o r n i n t o the wo r l d i s me n t i o n ed al s o b y ,

S er v i u s ( 0 1 V i rg i l A en i ii 7 3 ) an d t he V at i c an M y t h o
1 ,
. .

r
g p a h e r s ( s e e t he refere n ce i n the l as t n o te ) The l e g e nd .
,

the s e w r i ter s i n f o rm u s w as t ol d to e xpl ai n w h the mai de n ,

g o dde ss A rte m i s w a s i n vok ed b y w om e n i n ch i l b e d .

2 6
 T H E LI B RA R Y I ,
. IV . I

No w Arte mi s de v o ted her s e l f t o the ch as e a nd

re mai n ed a ma id ; b u t A poll o l e a r n ed the a rt of
p r ophec y fr om Pan the s on of Ze u s an d H y bri s 1
, ,

an d c a me t o De l p hi w h ere T he m i s a t th a t ti me u s ed ,

t o de l i v er o r ac l e s ; an d whe n the s n a k e Py th o n
2
,

which gu a rded the o r a c l e w o ul d h a v e hi n dered h im ,

fr o m app r oa chi n g the ch asm h e k i ll ed it an d t oo k

3
,

o v er th e o r acl e 4
No t l on g afterw a rd s he s l e w al s o
T ity u s w h o w as a s on of Ze u s an d El ar e d a ug hter of
, ,

O rc h ome n u s ; fo r her after he h a d deb au ched her , ,

1
Pan , son o f Ze u s an d T h y mb r e u s ( Th y m b r i s ? Hyb ri s
i
i s me n t o n ed b y a S ch ol as t o n P n d ar , w h o d s t n g u s he s i i i i i
h i m fr o m P an , the s on o f H er me s an d Pe n e lo p e S e e t he .

A r g u me n t t o the P y th i ans , p 2 9 7 , ed B oe c kh . . .

2
A s t o the o r ac l e o f The m s at De lp h s e e A e s ch ylu s , i i ,

E u men i d es , l s q q ; E i i
u r p de s , Ip h i gen i a i n T au r i s , 1 2 5 9 s qq
. .

i
Pau s an as , x 5 6 ; S ch ol as t on P n d ar , A r g u me n t t o the
. . i i
P y th i an s , p 29 7 , ed B o e c kh
. A cc o rd n g t o v d ( M eta
. . i O i
morp h . i
36 7 . i
t w as The m s , an d n ot A pollo w h o m i ,

i i b
De u c al o n c o ns ul ted at De l p h a ou t the b e s t me an s o f
rep e op l i n g the e arth after the g re at fl oo d .

3
The refere n ce i s t o the o r ac ul ar ch asm at w h i ch t he
p r i e s te s s u n der the s u p p o s ed i n fl u e n ce o f i t s d i v i n e e x h al a
,

t i o n s del i v ered her p r op hec i e s S e e Di od oru s Si cu l u s xv i

,
.
, .

2 6 ; S tr ab o i x 3 5 p 4 1 9, . J u sti n xx i v 6 9
.
,
.
, . . .

A s t o A p ollo s s l au g hter o f the P y th o n t he dr ag o n th at

4 ’
,

u arded the o rac l e at De lp h i s e e P l u t arch Qu a es t G race 1 2

g , , . .

id . D e d ej ecta or acu l oru m 1 5 ; A e l ian V ar H i s t iii l , ,

. . .

Pau san i as ii 7 7 ii 3 0 3 x 6 5 s q ; O v i d M etamorp h i

, . .
, . .
, . . .
,
. .

4 3 7 s qq ; H y g i n u s Fa b 1 4 0
. Fr o m P lu t arch an d A e l i an w e
,
. .

l e arn th at A p ollo h ad t o g o t o Te mp e t o b e p u r i fied f o r the

s l au g h t er o f the dr ag o n an d t h at b o t h the s l au hter o f the
g ,

drago n and the pu r i fic at i on o f the g o d w ere rep re s e n ted

e v ery e i g hth y e ar i n a s ol e mn fe s t i v al at De l p h i S ee my .

n o te on P au s an i as ii 7 7 ( vol iii p p 5 3 , . The Py t h i an

. . . .

g a m e s at D e l p h i w e re i n s t i t u ted i n h o n ou r o f t he de ad
drag o n ( O vi d an d Hy gi n u s l l cc ; c o mp are Cl e me n t o f , . .

A l e x an d r i a P rotr ep t 2 p 2 9 e d P ott er ) p r o b ab ly t o s oo the

, .
, .
, .
,

h i s n at u r al an g er at b e i n g s l ai n .

2 7
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C o mp are S ch ol i ast on Ho mer , 0 d v i l 3 2 4

1
E u s t at h i u s . .

o n H o mer , 0 d v i i 3 2 4 , p 1581 A pollo n i u s R h od i u s , A rg on

. . . .

i 7 6 1 8 q , w i th the S ch ol i’as t on v 7 6 1 T h e c u r i ou s s t o r y
. . . .

h o w Ze u s h i d h i s l i g ht 0 lov e u n der the e arth t o sav e her

fro m the j e alou s r ag e o f H er a w as t ol d b y the e ar ly my t h o
l og i s t and an t i q u ar i an Ph e r e cy d e s o f A the n s , as w e l e ar n fr o m
the S ch ol i as t o n A pollon i u s R h od i u s ( l c Ph e r e cy d e s w as a . .

c o n te mpo rar y o f H er o d o t u s an d He l l an i c u s , an d w r o te i n the

fir s t h al f o f the fifth ce n t u r y B C A pollo d o r u s o fte n re fe i s . .

t o h i m, an d app e ar s t o h av e made mu ch u se o f h i s w r i t i n g s ,

as I s h all h a v e o cc as i o n t o o b s er v e i n the c ou r s e o f the s e

n o te s “ 7 i th re g ard to El ar e o r E l ar a , the mo ther o f T i t yu s
.
,

s o me p e o p l e th ou g h t th at s h e w as a d au g hter o f M i n y as n o t ,

o f O rc h ome n u s ( S ch ol i as t on Ho mer , an d E u s t at h i u s ,
B ec au s e Ti tyu s w as b r ou g ht up u n der the e arth he w as s ai d ,

t o b e e arth b o rn S ch ol i as t on A pollo ni u s Rh od i u s ,
-

A r g on i . H o mer c al l s h i m s i mp ly a s o n o f E arth
.

( 0 d x i . an d i.n th i s he i s f ollow ed b y V i r g i l ( A en v i . .

2
t o the cr i me an d p u n i sh me n t o f T i tyu s s e e Ho mer
As , ,

0 d x i 5 7 6 5 8 1 ; P i n d ar P y th i v 90 ( 1 6 0 ) s q q
. .
—
w i th the ,
. . .
,

S ch ol i as t o n v 9 0 ( 1 6 0 ) L u cret i u s iii 9 8 4 s q q ; V i r g i l A en
.
, . .
, .

v i 5 9 5 q q ; H o r ace O d es ii 1 4 8 s q iii 4 7 7 s q q iii 1 1

. s .
, , . . .
, . . .
,
. .

21 sq i v 6 2 s q ; Hy g i n u s Fab 5 5 ; S cri p tor e 7 6 m m

.
,
. .
,
. s

my th i car u m L at i n i ed G H B o de vol 1 p p 4 1 1 0 , . . .
, . . .
,

2 8
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c o nj ect u r ally i n s ert ed b y Hercher an d
Wag n er .

Hpqz Wag n er ( app are n t ly mi s p r i n t )

3 "
a .

1
t o the mu si c al c o n te s t b et w ee n M ar s y as an d A p ollo
As ,

an d the pu n i s h me n t o f the v an q u i s hed M ar s y as s e e Di o d oru s ,

S i cu l u s iii 5 9 : P au s an i as ii 2 2 9 ; O v i d M etamo rp h v i
,
.
, . .
,
. .

3 82 s qq ; Ld F as ti v i 7 03 s q q ; Hy g i n u s Fab 1 6 5 ; S c r ip
'

. . . . .
, ,

to r es r er u m my th i car u m L a ti n i ed G H B o de vol i pp , . . .
,
. . .

4 0 1 1 4 (Fi r s t Vat i c an M y th o g r ap her 1 2 5 ; S ec o n d V at i c an

, ,

M y th o g rap her There h as b ee n s o me d ou b t as t o the

,

i n t er p retat i o n o f the w o rd s 17 medp b u t th at 7 V au

t he y me an s i mply t u rn ed the ly re u p s i de d ow n as H ey n e ,
”

c o rrect l y e xpl ai n ed the m i s s h ow n b y a c o mp ar i s o n w i th ,

the p arall e l p as s ag e s i n Hy g i n u s czth m am v ers ab at ) an d ’’

the S ec o nd Vati c an M y th o g rap her ( a r tLt mth aram ct “

,

m m M ar s y a
'

tLb LLs ,
'

can er e coep it . I n v ers i s au t e qu u 86

A p olli n i etc ) Th at the t i e e on

a egu ip ara r e n eq u i r et
”
”

w h i ch M ar s y as w as h an g ed w as a p i n e i s affir med b y man y

an c i e n t w r i ter s b e s i de s A pollo d o r u s S e e N 1 c an d e r A l ecm .

p h a r m a c a 3 0 1 s q w i th the S ch ol i as t s n ot e ; L u c.i an
, n o
’
,

30
 T HE LIBRA R Y, 1 . IV . 2— 3

e n ga g ed i n a m u s ic al c on te s t w ith A po ll o T he y .

ag reed th at the v ict o r s h o ul d w or k h i s w i ll o n th e

v a n q u i s hed an d w he n the tri al t oo k p l a ce A po ll o
,

t u r n ed h i s l y re u p s ide d o w n i n th e c omp etiti o n an d

b a de M a r sya s d o the sam e B u t M a r sy a s c o ul d n o t .
,

S o A poll o w as j u d g ed th e v ict o r an d de s pa tched

M a rsya s b y h a n g i n g h i m on a t all p i n e tree an d
s tri pp i n g o ff h i s sk i n
1 .

A n d A rte mi s s l e w Ori o n i n De l o s 2
T he y say th a t .

he w as of g i ga n tic s t a t u re an d b o rn o f the e arth ;

b u t Ph e r e cy d e s s ay s th a t he was a son of P o s eid o n
an d E u r yal e 3 P o s eid o n be st o w ed on h im th e po w er
.

of stridi n g acr o s s the s e a 4

H e firs t ma rried S ide 5
.
,

w h o m H era c as t int o H a de s bec au s e sh e ri v all ed

her s e l f i n be a u ty A fter w ard s he w e n t t o C hi o s an d .

d op od ag m , 3 1 4 s q ; A rch as M i t y l e n aeu s , i n A n th ologi a . i

m
P al a n a , v i i
’

6 9 6 ; Ph i l os t r at u s
. u n o r , I magi n es , 3 ; J i i .

L o ng u s , P as tor v 8 ; Z e n ob i u s , C en t v 8 1 ; . i .Tzetze s , . i . J .

Oh LlLad es , i
P l n y alo n e de s cr es the tree as a i ib
'

3 5 3 s qq . .

i
p l an e , w h ch i n h i s t me w as s t ll s h o wn a t A u l o cre n e on the i i
w ay fr o m A p ame a to Phr y g a ( N at H i s t xv Th e i . . i .

i
s k n o f the fl
ay ed M ar s y as w as e x h b ted at C e l ae n ae w th n i i i i
i i i
h s t o r c al t mes S ee H ero d o t u s , v i i 2 6 ; X e n op h o n , A n a
. .

b as i s , i
2 8 ; L vy , xxxv
. . i
1 3 6 ; Qu n t u s Cu rt u s , 1 iii . . i i iii . .

i
1 — 5 ; P l n y , N at H i s t v 1 0 6 . . . .

2
S e e Ho mer , 0 d v 1 2 1 — 1 2 4 Ho race , des , 4 70 s q q
. . O iii . . .

3
The same acc o un t o f r on s p are nt ag e w as g v en b y
’
Oi i
i
H e s o d , wh o m Ph e re cy d e s p r o ab ly follow ed S ee r at o b . E
s the n e s , C a tas ter i s m 3 2 Hy g n u s , A s tr on om 34 . i . ii . .

4
S o me th ou g ht th at r o n w aded thr ou g h the s ea ( so O i
i i
V rg l , A en x 7 6 3 o ther s th at he w alk ed on t he t op
. .

i E
o f t (so rat o s the ne s , C atas ter i s m 3 2 ; S ch ol as t on N i can d e r , . i
T h ar 1 5 ; Hy g n u s , A s tr on om ii
. i . .

5
A s S de me an s p io m e g r an a te i n G ree k , t h as ee n i b
s uppo s ed t h at the marr a e o f
g r o n t o S de i s a m y th c a l i O i i i
e x p re ss i on f o r the r i p e n i n g o f the po me g ranate at the s e as on
w he n the c o n s t e ll ati o n O ri o n i s v i s ibl e i n the n i g ht ly s ky .

S ee W Pap e Wor er u ch d er gri ech i s ch en E Lg en n amen

. t b ,
3 ’
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( B ru n s w i c k ii 1 3 8 3, . .

1
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a c on ject u re o f Hey n e wh o , p r opo s ed to
re ad 811 2 7 21 x a e ovt c omp ar i n g
E r at os the n e s , Catas ter 3 2 '
. .

2 r
c amm ed ; H ercher :
’
e fcx ae s l M SS . an d ed ito r s i n c lu d i n g ,

Wagn er .

1
Th i s
q ua i n t s to r y o f O r i on an d O e n op i on
t ol d al s o b y is
E rat os the n e s C atas teri s m 3 2 the ol d S ch ol i ast on A rat u s
,
.
,

P h aen o men a 3 22 q uo ted i n E p i cor u m Gr aecoru m Fr ag

‘

, ,

m en ta ed G K i nke l p 8 9 ; the S ch ol i as t o n N i can d e r

,
. .
, .
,

T h er 1 5 ; Hy g i n u s A s tr on om ii 3 4 ; S er v i u s 0 11 V i rg i l
.
, . .
, ,

A en x 7 6 3 ; and the Fi r s t V at i c an M y th o g r ap her 3 3

. .
,

( S c r i p to r es r e ru m m y t h i ca r u m L ati n/L ed G H B o de vol i , . . .

, . .

p . e x ce p t t h at th i s l as t w r i ter s u b s t i t ut e s M i n o s k i ng o f ,

Cr e t e f o r O e n op i o n
,
The n ame o f the g u i de w h o m O r i o n .

t ook on h i s b ac k t o g u i de h i m t o the s u n r i s e w as C ed al i on
( L u c i an D e d o mo 2 8 ; E r ato st he n e s S ch ol i as t o n A r at u s
, , , ,

an d H y i n u s S o h o c l e s made the s t o r y the the me

g p ,

o f a s at y r i c drama c all ed C ed alzon o f w h i ch a fe w frag me n t s

’

h av e c o me d ow n to u s S ee T r agi coru m Gr aec oru m Fr ag .

3 2
 THE L I BR A R Y ,
1 w
. .

w oo ed Mer op e d a ug hter of Oe n op i on B u t Oe n o,
.

p i o n m ade h im dr u n k p u t o u t h i s e y e s as he ,

s l e p t a nd c as t h i m o n the be a ch
,
B u t h e w en t t o .

th e smith y of H e p h a e s t u s an d s n atchi n g u p a l a d ,

se t h i m o n h i s s h o ul der s an d b a de h i m l e a d h i m t o

the s u n ri s e Bei n g c o me thither he w as h e a l ed b y

.

the s u n s r ay s an d h av i n g rec o v ered h i s s i g ht he

’

h a s te n ed w ith al l s p eed a ga i n s t Oe n op i on B u t fo r .

h im P o s eid on h a d m ade re a d y a h o u s e u n der th e

e arth c o n s tr u cted by H e p h a e st u s 1
And D a w n .

fe ll in l o v e w ith Ori o n an d c arried h i m off an d

br o ug ht h i m t o De l o s ; fo r A p hr o dite c a u s ed
D a w n t o be p er p et u all y i n l o v e bec a u s e s h e h a d ,

bedded w ith A re s B u t O ri o n w as k ill ed as s om e .

,

sa fo r ch a ll e n g i n g Arte mi s t o a m a tch a t q u o it s
y, ,

b u t s o m e s ay h e w as s h o t b y Arte mi s fo r o fferin g
v i o l ence t o O p i s o n e o f the ma ide n s wh o h a d c o m e
,

fr om the H yp erb o re an s 2
.

man a ed A N au ck pp 2 02 s q ; T h e Fragmen ts of S op ko
t ,
.
z
.
,
. .

cl es, ed A C Pe ar s on vol ii pp 8 s qq E u ri p i de s r ep r e
. . .
,
. . . .

s e n t s t he b l i n d ed Po l y me s t o r p r ay i n
g t o t he S u n to re s t o re
h i s s i g ht ( H ecu b a 1 06 7 ,

2
C o mp are S ch ol i as t on H o mer 0 d v 1 2 1 w h o c all s t h e , . .
,

mai de n Up i s A cc o rd i n g to an o ther an d mo re g e n er ally

. ,

rece i v ed acc o u n t O r i on d i ed o f the bi te o f a s c o rp i on w h i ch

, , ,

A r t e mi s s e n t ag ai n s t h i m b ec au s e he h ad atte mp t ed her
ch as t i ty For th i s s er v i ce the s c o r p i on w as r ai s ed t o t he
.

r an k o f a c on ste ll at i on i n t he sky an d O r i on attai n ed t o a ,

l i k e d i g n i t y T h at i s w h y the c on s te ll at i on O r i o n fli e s fo r
.

e v er fr om the c o ns te ll at i o n S c o r p i on r ou n d the s ky S e e .

A r at u s P h aen omen a 63 4 s q q ; N i can d e r T h ar 1 3 s qq

, , .
,
.

E rat o st he n e s C atas ter i sm 32 S ch ol i as t on H omer Il xv iii

,
.
, . .

4 86 ; S ch ol i as t o n H o mer 0 d v 1 2 1 ; Lac t ant i u s Pl acid u s ,

. .
,

on S t at i u s T h eb iii 2 7 ; S ch ol i as t on Cae s ar G er man i c u s

, . .
,

A r atea p 3 8 6 ed E y ss e n h ard t i n h i s ed i t i o n o f M art i an u s

, .
, .
,

Cap e ll a T h e S ch ol i as t o n H o mer I l xv iii 4 8 6 c i te s as h i s

.
,
. .
,

au th o r i ty E u p h o r i on a g r am mar i an an d p oe t o f the f ou rth

,

ce n t u r y
33
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 A PO LLO DO R U S

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2
R h o de m o re c o mmo n ly i n t he f o r m R h o d o s , i s a p er s o n i
,

fi c at i o n o f t he i s l an d o f R h o de s , w h i ch P i n d ar c all s the
B ri de o f the S u n ( ly mp v ii O
b ec au s e i t w as the g re at . .

s e at o f t he wo r s h i p o f the S u n i n an c i e n t G reece A R h o d i an .

i n s cr i p t i o n o f ab ou t 2 2 0 rec o rd s pu bl i c p ray ers o ffered

b y t he p r i e s t s to t h e S u n an d R h o d o s and all the o ther
“

g o d s an d g o dde s s e s an d f ou n der s an d her o e s w h o h av e t he

c i ty an d the l an d o f the R h o d i an s i n the i r k ee p i ng ”
S ee .

P Cau er , D electu s I n s crip ti on u m Gr aecaru mz, p 1 2 3 , N o 1 8 1

. . .

Ch M i che l , R ec u ei l d I n s cri p ti on s Gr ecqu es p 2 4 , N o 2 1

’
. , . .

H Col li t z an d F B ech t e l , S amml u ng d er g r i ech i s ch en Di alekt

. .

I n s chfrij ten , vol iii p 4 1 2 , N o 3 7 4 9 . E v er y y e ar the

. . . .

R h o d i an s thre w i n t o the s e a a ch ar i o t an d f ou r h o r s e s f o r
t he u s e o f the S u n , app are n t ly s uppo s i ng th at after r i d i n g a
w h ol e y e ar acr os s t he s ky h i s ol d ch ar i o t an d h o rs e s mu s t b e
q u i te wo r n ou t O ctob er e q uu s , p 1 8 1 ,
”
S ee Fe stu s , “
. .

ed C O M ull er
. . . .

3
Th i s acc ou nt o f t he r ap e of Pers e ph o n e an d De me t er s ’

u e t o f her i b a s ed n the H o m e r i c H y mn to D e me ter The

q s s o .

op en i n g p as s ag e , i n c lu d i n g the e xpl an at i o n o f the Lau g h l e ss

S t o n e , i s q uo ted v er b ally b y Z e n ob i u s ( C en t i 7 ) an d the . .

S ch ol i as t o n A ri s top h an e s ( K n i gh t s, b u t w i th ou t me n t i o n
of the i r au th o r i t y Fo r ot her acc ou n t s o f the r ap e o f Per s e p h o n e
.

an d De meter s
q u e s t o f her ,
s e e Di o d oru s S i c u l u s , v 4 1 . .

v 6 8 2 ; Ci cero , I n V err em, A c t I I l ib 4 , cap 4 8 ; O v i d

. . . . . .
,

Fas ti i v 4 1 9 s qq ; i d M etamorp h v 3 4 6 s q q ; Hy g i n u s ,
, . . . . . .

Fa b 1 4 6 Lac t an t i u s Pl ac i d u s , o n S t at i u s , v 3 4 7 S cri p tor es

. .

r er u m my th i car u m L ati n i , ed G H B o de , vol 1 p p 1 06 — 1 0 8 . . . . . .

( S ec o n d Vat i c an Myt h o g rap her , 9 3 A l l the s e w r i ter s

34
 T H E LI B RA R Y ,
1 . IV .
5
— v. 1

P o s eid o n w edded A mp hitrite d a ug hter of Oce a n , ,

an d there w ere b o r n t o h i m T rit o n an d Rh o de wh o

1
,

w as married t o the S u n 2
.

V P lu t o fe ll i n l o v e w ith Per s e p h o n e an d w ith the

.

he l p o f Ze u s c a rried her o ff s ecret l y 3

B u t D e m eter .

w e n t a b o u t s ee k i n g h er a ll o v er th e e a rth w ith
t o rche s b y n i g ht an d d ay an d l e a r n i n g fr o m th e ,

p e op l e of H e rmi on th at P lu t o h a d c a rried her

ag ree in me n ti on i n g S i c i ly as the s ce n e o f the r ap e o f Per s e
p h o n e C i cer o an d O v i d i de n t i f y the p l a ce w i th E n n a ( H e n n a) ,

o f w h i ch Ci cer o g i v e s a v i v i d de s cri pt i o n The au th o r o f the .

H omeri c H y mn to D emeter s ay s 1 6 s q ) t h at the e arth .

y aw n ed in the N y s i an pl ai n b u t w hether th i s w as a re al
“ ”
,

o r a my th i c al p l ace i s d o u b t ful S ee T W A ll e n and E E . . . . .

S i k e s T h e H omeri c H y mn s p 4 ( on H y mn i
, ,
. I t w as .

p r ob ab ly t h e luxu r i an t fert i l i ty o f S i c i ly an d p art i c ular ly the ,

ab u n d an ce o f i t s c o r n w h i ch l ed l ater w r i ter s t o pl ace the

,

s ce n e o f t he r ap e i n th at i s l an d I n O v i d s v er s i o n o f the
’
.

v i s i t o f De met er to E l e u s i s ( Fas ti i v 5 0 7 Ce l eu s i s n ot
, .

t he k i n g o f t he pl ace b u t a poo r ol d p e as an t w h o rece i v e s ,

the d i s g u i s ed g o dde s s i n h i s h u mbl e c o ttag e .

1
‘
Th i s v i s i t p ai d b y the mou r n i n g De meter t o He r mi on -
,

w he n s h e w as s e archi ng f o r the lo s t P r s e p h o n e i s no t e ,

me n t i o n ed b y t h e au th o r o f the H omeri c H y mn to D eme ter ,

n or s o far as I k n ow
, b y any o ther an c i e n t w r i ter e x ce p t
,

Z e n ob i u s ( C en t 1 7 ) an d the S ch ol i as t on A r i s to p h an e s
. .

( K n i gh ts ,
b o th o f w h o m h ow e v er mere ly c o p i ed , ,

A p ollo d o r u s w i th ou t n ami n g h i m B u t c o mp are Pau s an i as .

,

ii 3 5 4 8 w h o me n ti o n s t h e san ctu ar y o f S u b terran e an

. .
—
,

De meter at He rmi o n an d de s cr ib e s the c u r i ou s s acr i fic i al

,

r i t u al ob s er v ed at i t A t He r mi on there w as a ch as m w h i ch
.

w as s up p o s ed t o c o mmu n i c ate w i th the i n fer n al re g i o n s ,

an d thr ou g h w h i ch H erc ul e s w as s ai d t o h av e dr a
gg ed up
Cer b er u s ( Pau s ani as ii 3 5 ,
T h e s t ate me n t o f A pollo
. .

d o r u s i n the p re s e n t p as s ag e s u g g e s t s th at acc o rd in g to lo c al
trad i t i on P lu t o dr ag g ed d ow n h i s b r i de t o he ll thr ou g h the
s am e ch as m So c on v i n ced w ere the g oo d p e op l e o f He r mi on
.

t h at th ey p o s s e s s ed a p r i vate en tran ce t o the n ether re g i o ns

th at the y v ery thr i fti ly ab s t ai n ed fr o m the u s u al G ree k
p ract i ce o f pl ac i n g mon e y i n the mout h s o f the i r de ad
35
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1
C o mp are H omer i c H y mn to D emeter 9 8 s qq w h o s ay s , .
,

th at De meter s ad at he art s at d ow n by the w ay s i de at t he

, ,

M ai de n s We ll u n der t he s h ad ow o f an ol i v e tree L ater i n

’
,
-
.

t he po e m ( in) 2 7 0 s q q ) De meter d i rect s the p e opl e o f E l e u s i s

. .

t o b u i l d her a te mpl e an d altar ab ov e Call i ch or u m th at —

i s the We ll o f the Fai r Dan ce s

,
A pollo d o r u s i de n t i fie s the .

w e ll b e s i de w h i ch De meter s at d ow n w i th the We ll o f t he
Fai r Dan ce s B u t fr o m Pau s an i as ( i 3 8 6 i 39 1 ) w e l e ar n
. . .
,
. .

th at the t wo w e ll s w ere d i ffere nt an d s i tu ated at s o me

d i s t an ce fr o m e ach o ther the We ll o f the Fai r Dan ce s b e i n g ,

c lo s e t o t he S an ct u ary o f De me t er an d t he Mai de n s We ll ,
’
,

o r the Flow er y We ll as Pau s an i as c all s i t b e i n g outs i de , ,

E l e u s i s on the r o ad to M e g ar a I n t h e c ou r s e o f the moder n

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v e t p a H ercher Wag n er , .

3
M e m v e fpas H e y n e We s ter man n M ull er , B e kk er He r , , ,

cher Wagn er : Hpa§ 1 9 6a s A

, .

S ee A pp e n d i x P u tt i n g Ch i l dre n on the Fi re
1
, .

3
C o mp are Co r n utu s T h eol ogi ae Graecae C omp en di u m 2 8 , ,

pp 5 3 s.
q ed 0 L an g. O v i d F.as ti i v 5
. 5 9 s qq ; i d T r i s ti L
L , ,
. . .
,

iii 8 ( 9 ) 1 s q ; Hy g i n u s Fa b 1 4 7 ; i d A s tr o n om ii
. . .
, . . . .

1 4 ; S er v i u s on V i r g i l Geo r g i 1 9 an d 1 6 3
, Lact an t i u s , . .
,

Pl aci d u s on S t at i u s T h eb ii 3 8 2 ; S cri p tor es r eru m

, , . .

my th i caru m L ati n i ed G H B ode vol 1 pp 3 1 0 7 , . . .

,
. . .
,

( Fi r s t V at i c an M yt h o g r ap her 8 ; S ec o n d V at i c an M y t h o , ,

g r ap her T h e drag o n c ar o f Tr i p t ol e mu s w as me n t i o n ed
,
-

b y Sop h o c l e s i n h i s lo s t tr ag ed y T r i p to l emu s S e e T r ag i .

c or u m Gr a ecoru m Fr agmen tLL ed A N au ck p 2 62 frag 3

,
. .
, .
, .

Th e Fr ag men ts of S op h ocl es ed A C Pe ar s o n vol ii , . . .

, . .

p 2 4 3 fr ag 5 9 6 I n G ree k v as e p ai n t i n gs Tr i p t ol e mu s i s
.
,
. .
-

o fte n re p re s e nt ed i n h i s dr ag o n car A s t o t he re p re s e n t a -
.

t i on s o f the c ar i n an c i e n t ar t s e e S te p h an i i n C o mp te , ,

R en du ( S t Peter s b u r g ) f o r 1 8 5 9 p p 8 2 s qq ; my n o te o n
.
, . .

Pau s an i as v ii 1 8 3 ( vol i v pp 1 4 2
, . an d e s p ec i ally
. . . .

3 8
 T H E LI B RA R Y, I . v . 1 -
3

th a t w as th e chi l d s n ame g re w ma r v ell o u sl y b y ’

—

d ay Pr a x ithe a w atch ed an d di s c o v eri n g h i m b u ried

, ,

i n the fire s h e cried o u t ; w h ere fo re the b a be w as

c o n su m ed b y th e fire an d the g o dde s s re v e al ed her
s el f B u t fo r Tri pt ol e mu s the e l der of M e t an i ra s
’
1
,
.

chi l dre n sh e ma de a ch a ri o t of w i n g ed dr ag o n s an d
, ,

ga v e h i m w he at w ith w hich w afted thr ou g h the sky

, , ,

h e s o w ed the w h ol e i n h a bited e arth 2

B u t Pan y as i s .

a ffi rms th at Tri p t ol e m u s w as a son of E l e u s i s fo r h e ,

s ay s th a t De m eter c am e t o h i m Ph e re c y d e s h o w .
,

e v er s ays th a t h e w as a s on of Oce a n an d E a rth

,
3 .

B u t w he n Ze u s o rder e d P lu t o t o s e n d u p the M a id ,

P lu t o ga v e her a s eed of a pom e g r a n ate t o e a t i n ,

o rder th a t s h e mi ght n ot t a rry l o n g w ith her m o ther 4

.

A . B . Cook , ( Camb r i d g e
Z eu s , 1 pp 2 1 1 s qq w h o
.
,
. .
,

s h ow s t h at o n t h e e ar l i er mo n u me n t s Tr i p t ol e mu s i s r e p r e
s e n t ed s i tt i n g o n a s i mp l e w hee l w h i c h p r o b ab ly re p re s e n t s ,

the s u n A pp are n t ly he w as a my th i c al e mb o d i me n t o f the

.

fir s t s ow er S e e S p i ri ts of th e Corn an d of th e Wi l d i 7 2 s q
.
, . .

3
T h e acc ou n t s g i v e n o f the p are n t ag e o f T r i p t ol e mu s w ere
v er y v ar i ou s ( Pau san i as i 1 4 2 w h i ch w e n eed n ot
, . .

wo n der at w he n w e re me mb er t h at he w as p rob ab ly a pu re ly
my th i c al p er s o n ag e A s to E l e u s i s t he e q u ally my th i c al her o
.
,

w h o i s s ai d t o h av e g i v e n h i s n ame t o E l e u s i s s e e Pau s an i as , ,

v iii 3 8 7
. H e i s c all ed E l e u s in u s b y H y g i n u s ( Fab 1 4 7 )
. . .

an d S er v i u s ( on V i r g i l Georg i , . .

4
T h e M ai d ( K or e) i s Per s e p h o n e A s to her e at i n g a s eed .

o r s eed s o f a p ome g ran ate se e H omeri c H y mn to D emeter , ,

3 7 1 s qq 4 1 1 s qq ; O v i d M etamorp h v 33 3 s q q ; i d Fa s ti
.
, .
, . . . .
,

i v 6 0 1 s qq ; S er v i u s on V i rg i l Georg i 3 9 an d A en i v 4 62 ;
. .
, , . . . .

Lac t an t i u s P l aci d u s o n S t at i u s T h eb iii 5 1 1 ; S cr ip tor es

, , . .

r er u m my th i car u m L a ti n i ed G H B o de vol i pp 3 1 0 8 , . . .
,
. . .
,

(Fi r s t Vat i c an M yth o g r ap her 7 S ec o n d V at i c an M y t h o ,

g r ap her There i s a w i de s p re ad b e l i ef th at i f a l i v in g
,

p er s o n v i s i t s the wo r l d o f the de ad an d there p art ak e s o f

f oo d he c ann o t ret u r n to the l an d o f the l i v i ng Th u s t he
, .
,

an c i e n t E gyp t i an s b e l i e v ed th at o n h i s w ay t o the s p i r i t ,

l an d the s oul o f a de ad p er s on w as met b y a g o dde s s ( Hath o r

, ,

39
 A PO LLO D O RU S

x é /L/Lov 7
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N ou i t , o r N it ) w h o o ffered h im fr u i ts b re ad and w at er an d
, , , ,

th at i f he acce p ted the m he c oul d ret u r n t o e art h n o mo re

, , .

S ee G Mas p er o H i s toi r e A n ci en n e d es P eu p l es d e l Ori en t

.
,
’

C las s i q u es l es O r i g i n es ( P ar i s
, p 1 8 4 S i mi l ar ly t h e , . .
,

n at i v e s o f N e w Cal ed o n i a i n t he Sout h P ac i fi c s ay t h at w he n
, ,

a man d i e s me s s e n g ers c o me fr o m t he o ther wo r l d t o g u i de

,

h i s s oul t hr ou g h t he ai r an d ov er t he s e a t o t he S p i r i t l an d .

A rr i v ed t here he i s w e l c o med b y t he ot h er s oul s an d bi dde n

,

t o a b an q u e t w he re he i s o ffered f oo d e s p ec i ally b anan as

, , .

I f he t as te s t he m h i s d oo m i s fi x ed f o r e v er : he c ann ot
,

re tu rn to e art h S ee t he mi s s i o nar y Gagn i e re i n A n n al es

.
‘

d e l a P r op ag ati on d e l a F oi xxx ii ( L yo n s pp 4 3 9 s q
, .
, . .

T h e E as ter n M e l an e s i an s b e l i e v e th at l i v i ng p e opl e can g o

d ow n to the l an d o f t he de ad an d re tu r n al i v e t o the upp er
wo r l d Per s on s w h o h av e d on e s o re l at e h ow i n t he n ether
.

wo r l d t he y w ere w arn ed b y fr i e n d ly g h o s t s to e at n o th i ng
t here S ee R H Co dr i n g to n T h e M el anes i ans ( O x fo rd
. . .
, ,

p p 2 77 2 86
. S i mi l ar b e l i efs p re vai l an d s i mi l ar tal e s
, .

are t ol d amo n g t he M ao r i s o f N e w Ze al an d Fo r e x ampl e a .

,

woman w h o b e l i e v ed th at s h e h ad d i ed and p ass ed t o the

s p i r i t l an d re l at ed 0 11 her ret u r n h ow there s h e me t w i t h her
,

de ad father w h o s ai d t o her Y o u mu s t g o b ac k to t he e arth

, , ,

f o r there i s n o on e n ow l eft to tak e c are o f my g ran dch i l d .

B u t re me mb er i f you o n ce e at f oo d i n t h i s p l ace you can

, ,

n e v er m o re ret u r n t o l i fe ; s o b e w are n o t t o t as te an yt h i ng
o ffered t o y ou S e e E S h o rt l an d T r ad i ti o n s an d S u p er
”
. .
,

s ti ti on s of th e N ew Z e a l an d ers ( L o n d o n pp 1 5 0 — 1 5 2 , . .

A g ai n the y te ll o f a g re at ch i ef n amed H utu w h o p erf o r med

, ,

the s ame p eri lou s j ou rn e y On re ach i n g the p l ace o f de p arted.

s p i r i t s h e e n c ou n tered a cert ai n b e i n g c all ed H i n e n n i te p o ,

th at i s G re at M o ther N i g ht o f w h o m he i n q u i re d the w ay
, ,

d own to the n ether wo r l d S h e po i n ted i t out t o h i m and .

40
 A PO LLO DO R U S

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1
i
A cc o rd n g to He s o d ( T h eog 1 8 3 arth w as i m i . E
p r e g n at e d b
y the b loo d w h ch dr opp ed fr om he av e n w he n i
i
C r o n u s mut l at ed h i s f at her Sky ( Ur an u s ) , an d i n d u e t me i
s h e g av e bi
rth to t h e g an t s A s to t he attl e o f the g o d s i . b
i
an d g an t s s e e ,
J
Tzetze s , S ch ol on L y cop h r o n , 63 ; Ho r ace ,
. .

O d es , iii
4 4 9 s qq ;
. v d , etamorp h
. . O i
1 5 0 s q q ; Cl au d an , M . i . . i
Gi gan tomach i a S d o n u s A poll n ar s , C ar m x i i1 5 s qq ed i i . ii . .
, .

B are t ; S cr ip tor es r er u m my th i c ar u m L ati n i , ed G H . . .

B o de , vol i
pp 4 , 9 2 ( F r s t Vat c an M y th o g rap her , 1 1
. . . i i
S ec o n d V at c an M yt h og rap her , i T h e acc ou n t w h ch i
i
A pollo d o r u s here g v e s o f t i s s u p pl e me n t ed y t he e v de n ce i b i
o f t he mon u me nt s , e s p ec ally te mpl e s c ul p t u re s an d v as e i -

i i
p a n t n gs S ee Pre ll er R o ert , Gr i ech i s ch e M y th o logi e,
.
-
b i .

6 7 s qq Co mp are M M ay er , D i e Gi g an ten a n d T i ta n en
. . ,

B
( er l n , i The b attl e o f the g o d s an d t he g an t s w as i
s c ul p t u red o n the out s de o f t he t e mp l e o f A p ollo at De l p h i i ,

as w e l e ar n fr o m t he de s cr p t o n o f u r p de s ( I on , 20 8 i i E i i
42
 T H E L I B RA RY I ,
. VI . I

VI . th e l e g e n d of De eter B u t E arth
Su ch is m .
,

v e x ed o n a cc o u n t o f th e T it an s br o ug ht fo rth th e ,

g i a n t s w h om s h e h a d b y Sky
,
1
T he s e w ere m atch .

l e s s i n th e b ulk of their b o die s an d i n v i n cib l e i n

their mi ght ; terrib l e o f a s p ect did th e y app e ar w ith ,

l o n g l o c k s dr oop i n g fr om their he a d an d chi n a nd ,

w ith th e s c al e s of dr ago n s fo r feet 2

T he y w ere .

b o r n as s om e say i n Ph l e g rae b u t a cc o rdi n g t o o ther s

, , ,

i n Pal l e n e 3 A n d the y d a rted r o c k s an d b u rni n g

.

oak s at the sky Su r pa ss i n g all th e re s t w ere .

P o r p h y ri o n an d A l c yo n e u s w h o w as e v e n i mm or ,

t al so l o n g as h e fo ught i n the l a n d of h i s birth .

H e al s o dr o v e a w ay th e c o w s of th e S u n fr o m
E ry t h i a No w the g o d s h a d an o ra c l e th a t n o n e of
.

th e g i a n t s c o ul d p eri s h at the h a nd o f g o d s b u t th a t ,

w ith the he l p of a m o rt a l the y w o ul d be m a de an

e n d of Le a r n i n g o f thi s E a rth s o ug ht fo r a s i mp l e
.

t o p re v ent the g i a n t s fr o m bei n g d e s tr oy ed e v e n b y

On s i mi l ar stor i e s s ee A pp e n d ix , War o f E arth on

H e av e n .
”

2
Co mp are O v i d M etamorp h i T ri s ti a i v 7 1 7
,
. . 1 84 , , . .

M acr ob i u s S at i 2 0 9 ; S er v i u s
,
on V i r i l
.
g . A en iii 5 7 8 ;
.
, , . .

Cl au d i an Gi gan t 8 0 s q S cri p tor es r eru m my th i car u m L at i n i

, . .
-
,

ed G H B o de v ol i p 9 2 ( S ec o n d V at i c an M y th og rap her
. . .
,
. . .
,

Pau s an i as de n i ed th at the g i an t s w ere s erp e n t f oo ted -

( Pau s an i as v iii 2 9 b ut the y ar e o ft e n s o re p re s e n ted o n

,
. .

t he l ater mon u men t s o f an t i q u i t y S ee Ku h n ert i n W H .

, . .

B o s cher s L ex i kon d er gr i ech a n d r om M y th ol ogi e i 1 6 6 4

’ ‘

. . .
,

s qq ; M
. M ay er D i e Gi gan ten a n d T i tan en p p 2 7 4 s qq
.
, , . .

3
Ph l eg r a i s sai d t o h av e b ee n t he ol d n ame o f Pal l en e
( S t e p h an u s B y z an t i n s I
<>A
ypa ) The s ce n e o f the b at t l e
,
’
e
- .

o f the g o d s an d g i an ts w as l ai d i n v ar i ou s p l ace s S ee .

Di od or u s S i c u l u s v 7 1 S tr ab o v 4 4 an d 6 p p 2 4 3 2 4 5
, .
,
. .
,
.
, ,

vi 3 5
.
, p 2 8 1
, v ii p 3.3 0 fr ag 25,
an d 27 x 5 1 6 p 489
. .
, .
, . .
,
.
,

x i 2 1 0 p 4 9 5 ; Pau s an i as v iii 2 9 1 w i th my n o te Vol

. .
, .
,
. .
, .

c ami c p he n o me n a an d t h e d i s c ov er y o f the f o s s i l b o n e s o f

l arg e e x t i n ct an i mal s s ee m to h av e b ee n the p ri n c i p al s ou rce s

o f the s e t al e s .

43
 A PO LLO DO R U S

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cher Wagn er , : 0 6 71 777 773 A 1 .

3
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, ,

pp 2 0 4
. sq . c a orl v
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4
M fy a xwa M M ay er , op ci t p p 2 04 s q c o mp ar n g Cl au
. . . . . i
di an , Gi g 8 5 , an d S i cl on i u s A poll n ar s , C ar m x v ( M gn e ,
. i i . . i
x ii B aret ) , 2 5
.
i t au m M S S an d ed to r s , n c lu d n g Wag n er . i i i .

1
P i n d ar N em i v 2 7 ( 4 3 ) s qq I s th m v i 3 1 ( 4 5 )
Co mp are , . .
.
, . .

s qq w i th the S ch ol i a ; Tzetze s S ch o l on Ly c op h ron 63

.
,
.
, .

T h e S ch ol i as t o n P i n d ar I s th m v i 3 2 me n t i o n s l i k e , . .
,

A pollo d o r u s th at A l c yo n e u s h ad dr i v e n aw ay t he ox e n o f
,

the S u n Th e re as on w h y Herc ul e s dr agg ed t he wou n ded

.

44
 A PO LLO DO R U S

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l PpaT Lwu a
'
.

b ee n s u g g e s t ed as A i yalw a ( He y n e M M ay er op ci t ,
-
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, . .

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M ii l l e r B e kk er Hercher , , .

3
K an / Lia H e y n e W e st er mann M ull er B e kk er Hercher , , , ,

2 1 3 6 A la A .

4
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5
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63 3 7 311 3 6 1pa Aal 51pzos , 3p 3 w s Co mp are M h l ay e r 3 0 ro . .

,

op ci t
. 22 7 . p . .

1
A cc o rdi n g t o n acc ou n t the P all as w h o m A the n a fl aye d
o e ,

an d w h o s s k i n h u ed as a c ov eri n g was her o w n f ather

e s e s , ,

4 6
 T H E LI B RA R Y I ,
. VI . 2 —3

the fi g h t P o ly b ote s w as ch as ed thr ou gh the s e a b y

.
1

P o s eid o n a nd c am e t o Cos ; an d P o s eid on bre a k i n g ,

o ff th a t p iece o f th e i s l an d w hich i s c a ll ed N i s r u m
y ,

thre w it on h im 2 A n d H er m e s w e a ri n g the he l m et
.
,

of H ade s s l e w H i ppoly t u s in the fi g ht an d Arte m i s

3
, ,

s l e w G rat i on A n d the Fate s fi g hti n g w ith br az en

.
,

c lu b s k i ll ed A gr i u s an d T h oa s T he o ther g i a nt s
,
.

Ze u s sm o te an d de str oy ed w ith th u n derb ol t s an d all

of the m H erc ul e s sh o t w ith a rr o w s as th e y w ere
dy i n g .

Whe n the g o d s h ad ov erc om e the g i an t s E a rth , ,

s ti ll mo re e n r a g ed h a d i n terc o u r s e w ith T a rt a r u s a nd
,

br o ug ht fo rth Typ h on i n C i l ici a a h y brid bet w ee n

4
,

man an d be a st I n s i z e an d s tre n g th he s u r pa s s ed
.

all the o ffs p ri n g of E a rth A s fa r as the thi gh s he .

was of h u ma n s h ap e an d of s u ch p r o di g i o u s b ulk
th a t h e o u t t opp ed a ll the mo u n t a i n s an d h i s he a d
-

o ften br u shed the s t ar s O n e of h i s h an d s re a ched .

o u t t o the we s t an d t h e o ther t o th e e as t a nd fr o m ,

wh o h ad atte mpt ed her ch as t ty S ee Cl e m e nt o f A l e x an dr a, i . i

P r o tr ep t , ii
2 8, p . 24 , ed P o tter Tzetze s , S ch ol on
. . .

i
L y cop h r on , 3 5 5 ; C cer o , D e n atu ra d eoru m, 23 5 9 iii . . .

2
Co mp are S tr a o x 5 1 6 , p 4 89 b , . . . .

3
The he l met o f Hade s was th ou g ht to ren der the w earer
i i ib
nv s l e Co mp are Ho mer , I li ad , v 8 44 s q ; He s o d , S h i eld
. . . i
of H er c u l es , 2 2 6 s q .

4
A s to T y p h o n , o r T y p h o e u s , as h e i s al s o c all ed , w h o was
i i
e s p ec ally as s o c ated w th the famou s Co r y c an c av e i n i i
ii i i
C l c a, s ee H e s o d T h eog 8 20 s q q ; P n d ar , P y
, 1 5 s qq ; . . i mi . . .

A e s ch ylu s , P r ometh eu s Vi n ctu s , 3 5 1 s q q ; A n t o n n u s L i b er al i s , . i

T r an sfor m 2 8 . O i
v d , M etamorp h V 3 2 1 s qq ; Hy g n u s , . . . i
F ab 1 5 2
. M e l a, i
7 6 , ed G Par t h e y ; S crip tor es r er u m
. . .

my th i c ar u rn L ati n i , ed G H o de v ol pp 4 , 2 9 , 9 2
. . . B , . i . .

( F r s t V at c an My th og r ap her , 1 1 an d 8 6 ; S ec o n d V at c an
i i i
M yt h o g rap her , A s t o the C o r y c an c av e , s e e A d on i s , i
O
A tti s , s i r i s , 3 r d ed . i
1 5 2 s q q A cc o rd n g t o H e s o d ( T h eog
. . i i .

T yp h o e u s w as the you n g e s t ch l d o f arth i E .

47
 A PO L L O D O R US

88 e fe ixov 6 1LLL7 8v x ecpa ka L 8p LL/L6V 7 wv 7 LL 88 .

L37 8 uny wv 0 77 6 L a 9 GL GV 8
'

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'

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wv oN Lo L 77 p 89 a v 7 75v 8x 7 6 Lv 6/ L6 v0 L x o v b 75
p q v

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a v Ly/
p
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lca 7 6 7 7 7 6 p co7 o a v pnyp a L88 6 16 K € ¢La 7x fi9 x a Lyev v wv

x
f
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p p , fp .

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.

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p 67 6 Ba Aou E p 67 6 BaAA 0 V A .

2
E Hé y n e
' '
x a 7 6 1 rA n7 7 6 v 77 07 7 67 7 77 6 6 1! A x a7 6 7r7 770 0 6 V
' '

: : ,

W e s t e r mann M ull er B e kk e r
’ '
K aT Gfl T nE GV K a r evr A nc
rcre y
'

Hercher .

3
K LAu cfay H ey n e , W e s t e r mann M ull er , ,
B e kk e r , H ercher ,
W agn e r Eme k iav A E .

ém na e
'

pé Aa k a E ¢ 6A arca >
4
77 07 7 66 7 77 0 6 c : x a7 e rr 7 na e A
'
< x ar ' '

B e kk er , Hercher .

48
 A PO L L O DO R U S

LA i yiwa v 8x rc7t exjr a V 7 6 s 7 LL v 6 13p LL rip/

'
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8
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La
x g , p 76 7 1 6 17 0 9

5
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p a v v o w 877 8 9 88 1 5
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p/ ,

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g , 7 . .

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,
87 6 150 8 7 0 7 881) 8¢ 777L 6 p wv x a p 77 88v
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1

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p
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.
1

1
8pp 779 6 1/7 q5 E 8pp 77 9 6 1/7 A
’

1 a v7 0 S av 7 o v .

1
g t o N o n n u s ( D i on y s i 4 8 1
A cc o r d in i t w as Cad mu s
. .

w h o d i s g u i s e d as a s h ep h e rd w h e e d l e d t h e s e v e r e d s i n e w s
, ,

o f Z e u s ou t o f T yp h on b y p r e t e n d i n g t h at h e w an t e d t h e m

for t h e s t r i n g s of a ly r e o n w h i ch h e w ou l d pl ay r av i s h i n g
,

mu s i c t o t h e mon s t e r T h e b arb ar ou s an d e vi d e n t ly v e r y
.

an c i e n t s t o r y s e e ms t o b e all u d e d t o b y n o o t h e r G r e e k
w rit ers .

2
T h i s s t or y of t h e d e c e p t i on p r ac t i se d b y t h e Fat e s on
T p h on s e e m s t o b e o t h e r wi s e u n k n o w n
y .

H ae mu s fr o m lLaLmLL ( b l o od ) ; h e n c e t h e B l oo dy Mou n “
,

t ai n . I t i s s ai d t h at a c i t y o f E g y p t l e ce iv e d t h e s ame n ame
fo r t h e s am e 1 e as on ( S t e p h an u s B y z an t i ns Hp fi ) ,
o .

5 0
 T H E L I BRA RY , I . VI .
3
—v1 1 . 1

an d fi tt e d t h e m u n ob s e r v e d t o Z e u s A n d h av i n g .
1

r e c o v e re d h i s st r e n gt h Z e u s s u dd e n l y fr om he av en ,

ri d i n g i n a ch ari ot o f w i n g e d h or s e s p e l t e d T y p h on ,

w i t h t h u n d e r b ol t s an d p u r s u e d h im t o t h e m o u n t ai n
c all e d N y s a w h e r e t h e F at e s b e g u i l e d t h e fu g i t i v e ;
,

fo r h e t as t e d o f t h e e p h e m e r al fr u i t s i n t h e p ers u as i o n
t h at h e w o u l d b e s t r e n g t h e n e d t h e re b y 2
S o b ei n g .

ag ai n u rs u e d h e c am e t o T hr ac e an d i n fi g h t i n g at
p ,

M o u n t H ae mu s h e h e av e d w h ol e m ou n t ai n s But .

w h e n t h e s e r e c o i l e d o n h im t hr ou g h t h e fo rce of t h e
t h u n d e r b o l t a s t r e am o f b l o o d g u sh e d o u t o n t h e
,

m o u n t ai n an d t h e y s ay t h at fr o m t h at circ u ms t an c e
,

t h e m o u n t ai n w as c all e d H ae mu s 3 A n d wh e n h e .

s t ar t e d t o fl e e t hr o u g h t h e S ici l i an s e a Ze u s c as t ,

Mou n t E t n a in S ici l y u p o n h i m T h at i s a h u g e .

m o u n t ai n fr om w hich d o w n t o t his d ay t he y say t h at

,

b l as t s o f fi r e is s u e fr om t h e t h u n d e r b ol t s t h at w ere
t hr ow n 4
S o mu ch fo r t h at s u b j e c t
. .

V I I Pr om e t h e u s m o u l d e d m e n ou t o f w at e r an d
.

5
e ar t h an d g av e t h e m al s o fi re w hich u n k n ow n t o , ,

Ze u s h e h ad i dd e n i n a s t alk o f fe n n e l Bu t w he n
,
h 6
.

4
A s to T h o n u n d e r M ou n t E t n a s e e A e s ch u s , P r o
yp yl
meth eu s Vi n eta s , 36 3 s qq ; Pi n d ar , P y th 1 7 ( 3 2 ) s qq ; O d ,
. . i . . vi
Fas tL, i v 4 9 1 s q , M etamorp h v
'

. 35 2 s q . . . .

5
A s t o t h e cr e at i on o f t h e h u man r ac e b y P r ome t h e u s ,
c om ar e Ph e mon i n S t ob ae u s , l ori legi u m, i i 2 7 ; Pau s a
p il F .

n as ,i x 4 4 ; Lu c i an , D i al ogi d eor u m,
. . Li b an i u s , O r at i l . .

xxv 3 1 , v ol
. ii p
552, e d R . oe r s t e r ; O
. d , M etamorp h
. . . F vi .

i
82 s qq ;
. u e n a , S at
. J v l 35 . xiv
I t i s t o b e ob s e r e d t h at i n . . v
li v i
t h e e ar e s t e r s o n s o f t h e e e n d ( He s i o d , T h eog 5 1 0 s qq , l g . .

Wor ks an d D ay s , 4 8 s qq ; A e s ch u s , P r ometh eu s Vi n eta s ) . yl

Pr o me t h e u s a e ar s on pp ly
as t h e b e n e fac t o r , n ot t h e cr e at o r ,
o f man nd ki .

6
C om ar e H e s o d Wor ks an d D ay s , 5 0 s q q , T h eog 565
p i , . .

s qq A e s ch u s , P r ometh eu s V i n ctu s , 1 0 7 s qq
. yl P at o , . l
P r o tag or as , 1 1 , p 3 2 1 ; H n u s , Fa b 1 4 4 ; Ld A s tr on om ygi ii
'

. 15 . . . . .

A cc o r d n
. to er i g
us (on r i , E el S vi P r o me t h e u s Vi g l . vi .

5 1
 A P O L L O DO R U S
Ia I A A
Hcpa L
C V a
K
A

p a La a c
7 L d ay La
7 a
9 v/
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'
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p
'

1)
A
.

A
875 7 o v 7 Lp 7 7 p0 <7 777t a>9 6 L
l

9 II p O/ L7796 89 77 0 ) » k 87 c m
, Q I
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3 ’ f
a9 6/
f 3

p
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' ‘ ’
LGT O 7 0 13 7 7 7 LL7 0 9
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a 8§ a v 0 p 6 v 0 v 8LLL v v /c7 89 lca L H O/ Ln9 6 89 8

1
a
p I ,
v .

7r u
p A
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Ap éx p m
Hpa k
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A A
.

8 a 0 L7L6 v wv 7 u m 7 7 6 p L 7 75V CD9 ia v 7 87 m m ya /

,
'

t eL r

H15pp a v 7 77v E
’ '
9 6 6 9 lLa 11 a v 8w a 9 7 V 6 77 7xL
1 1 ' A "

’ 2 L \ p ,
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86
\
9 6 0 L 7 7 p w7 77v yv va u ca
\
a av a b a V La a L Z e u
6 77 6 L
g 9
r .

1
He y n e , He rch e r , W agn e r
’
7 561 7 01 7 “
’
7 01 g
a zz au op e p ov :

5 87 16 77 61 15501 11 0 71 A E W e s t e r mann M ii ll e r , B e kk e r
,
7 7 6q , , .

s to e l pplyi n g a t o rch t o t h e s u n s w h e e l S t or i e s
t h e fi re b y a
’
.

o f t h e o r igi n al t h e f t o f fi re ar e wi d e s p r e ad amon g man ki n d .

S e e A pp e n d ix M y t h s of t h e O r igi n o f Fi r e
,
”
Th e .

plan t ( 87 6 75) i n w h i ch P r o me t h e u s i s s ai d t o h av e c arr i e d

7 1 7

t h e s t ol e n fi r e i s c o mmon ly i d e n t i fi e d wi t h t h e gi ant f e nn e l
( F eru la c o mmu n i s ) S e e L W h i b l e y C omp an i on to Gr eek
. .
,

S tu di es 3 ( Camb r i d g e p 67 T ou r n e f o r t f o u n d t h e
, . .

pl an t g r o wi n g ab u n d an t ly i n Ski n o sa t h e an c i en t S ch in u s s a , ,

a s mall d e s e r t e d i s l an d s o u t h o f N ax os ( Pli u N at H i s t iv . . . .

He d e s cr i b e s t h e s t alk as ab ou t fi v e f e e t h ig h an d t hr e e
i n ch es t h i c k wi t h k n o t s an d b r an ch e s at i n t e r v al s of ab ou t
,

t e n i n ch e s t h e w h o l e b e i n g c o v e r e d wi t h a t ol e r ab ly h ar d
,

r in d . T h i s s t alk i s fi ll e d wi t h a w h i t e pi t h w h i ch b e i n g , ,

v e r y d ry c at ch e s fi r e j u s t lik e a wi c k ; t h e fi r e k e e p s alig h t
,

p e rf e c t ly i n t h e s t alk an d c on s u mes t h e pi t h on ly g rad u ally ,

wi t h o u t d amagi n g t h e r i n d ; h en c e p e opl e u s e t h i s pl ant t o

c arry fi re fro m o n e plac e t o an o t h e r ; ou r s ail o r s l ai d i n a
s u pply o f i t T h i s c u s t o m i s o f g r e at an t i q u i t y an d may
.
,

s e r v e t o e xpl ai n a p as s ag e i n He s i od w h o s p e aki n g o f t h e , ,

fi re w h i ch P r o me t h e u s s t o l e fr o m h e av e n s ay s t h at h e c arr i e d ,

i t aw ay i n a s t alk of f e n n e l He t e ll s u s f u r t h e r t h at t h e .
”
, ,

G r e e k s s t ill c all t h e p l an t n ar th eca S e c P d e To u r ne fo r t . .

,

5 2
 A PO L L O DO RU S

8 8
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p ,

877 L7 7786 La 8v 9 8,1L6 v0 9 6 L 9 7 a 157 77v L

,
L67 LL ,II 15
pp 9a

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L 7 7 7t 6 20 7 a ,1L8p77 7 759 EXXLi 80 9 k a 7 8/c7t v 0 6 v 0 7 0 7 6
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3
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L
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4
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/ 7 7

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’

¢ 6
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,
77
p 9 p 7
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37
3 6 .
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' '

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k a h i wv Li v 8p 6 9 0 89 88 I1 15
’

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,

7\ LLa 9 8 M 90 9
'

Pi v0 v7 a L 88 8k H15pp a 9 A 6 v k a 7w c0 v L 7 7 a i 86 9
'

776 6x770 6 E, S ch o li as t on H o me r I l , . i .
( c i t i n g A p oll o
d or u s ) : A .

2
6 20 68 77 A : 6 20 85 0 E S ch oli as t o n Ho me r , I l i 1 2 6 . . .

pv y ou E , S ch o li as t o n Home r , I l i 1 2 6 ; a v V 6 <
3 5
a v uéc '

p1 7 wV . .

’
R a : 0
v V 6 1p0 1 7 wu A
'

A , W e s t e r mann , B e kk e r U UV € X 99 77 He n e ,
4
0 0 7 6 x 69 7;
y
M u ll e r , He rch e r , W ag n e r B u t t h e p ass iv e ao ri s t 0 0 7 6 x 6677
.

o f x e w i s r e c ogn i z ed b y t h e E ty mol og i cu m M ag nu m,
’

x 8w, p 809 , 4 6 , an d r i g h t ly d e f e n d e d b y L ob e ck, P h r y

.

n i c h u s , pp 7 3 1 s q . .

7 6 1 0 9 01 1 A , S ch o li as t o n Ho me r , I l i 1 26 :
5
11 1 7 6 20 9 01 1 E : 01 2
5 . .

6 A 6 0 9a 1
’
H e rch e r .

54
 T H E L I B RA RY , I . v1 1 . 2

des t r oy th e me n of th e
Br on z e A g e De u c al i on b y ,

t h e ad v ice o f Pr om e t he u s c on s t r u c t e d a ch e s t 1 an d ,

h av i n g s t o re d i t w i t h p r ov i s i on s h e e mb ar k e d i n i t
w i t h Py rrh a B u t Z e u s b y p o u ri n g h e av y rai n fr om
.

h e av en fl oo d e d t h e g r e at e r p ar t o f G r e e c e s o t h at ,

all m e n w ere d e s t r o e d e x c e t a fe w w h o fl e d t o
y p ,

t h e hi g h m o u n t ai n s i n t h e n ei g h b ou rh o o d I t w as .

t h e n t h at t h e m o u n t ai n s i n T he s s al y p ar t e d an d t h at ,

al l t h e w o rl d o u t s i d e t h e Is th m u s an d P e l o p o n n e s u s

w as o v e r w h e l m e d Bu t D e u c al i o n fl o at i n g i n t h e
.
,

che s t ov er t h e s e a for n i n e d ay s an d as man y n i g h t s ,

d ri ft e d t o P arn as s u s an d t h e re w h e n t h e r ai n c e as e d
, , ,

h e l an d e d an d s acrific e d t o Z e u s t h e g o d of E sc ap e ,
.

A n d Ze u s s e n t H e r m e s t o h i m an d all o w e d h i m
t o ch oo se wh at h e w o u l d an d h e ch o s e t o g e t m e n ,
.

A n d at t h e b i d d i n g o f Z e u s h e t o o k u p s t o n e s an d
t hre w t h e m o v er h i s h e ad an d t h e s t on e s w hich ,

D e u c al i o n t hr e w b e c am e m e n an d t h e s t o n e s w h ich ,

Py rrh a t hr e w b e cam e w om e n H e n c e p e op l e w e re .

c all e d m e t ap h oric all y p e op l e ( laos ) fr o m laas ,

2
s t on e .

A n d De u c al i o n h ad chi l d re n b y P y rrh a firs t ,

1
A s t o De u cal i on s fl o od , s ee Lu c an , D e d eLL S y r i a, 1 2 s q
’
i
O d , M etamor p h
vi 1 25 4 1 5 ; H . i n u s , F ab
. 1 53 ;
-
er u s, ygi . S vi
on V gl
i r i , E cl og v i 41 S cr ip tor es r er u m my th i car u m
. .

L ati n i , e d G H B od e , v ol
. . . 57 sq , 99 ( . i pp
r s t at c an . . . Fi V i
M t h o ra h e r , 1 8 9
y g p e c on d at c an M t h o r a h e r , 7 3 )
S V i y g p
F ol k l or e i n th e O ld T es tamen t ,
-
1 4 6 s qq i
A n o t h e r e r s on . . p
i
wh o i s s a d t o h a e e s ca e d a v p liv
e fr o m t h e fl oo d w as a c e r t a n i
Ce r amb u s : t h e s t o r r an t h at t h e n m h s af t e d h i m a o f t
y y p w l
on n s o e r t h e T h e s s a an mou n t a n s
Wi g v S e e O d , M eta
li i . vi
morp h v ii 3 5 3 s q q
. . .

2
Co m ar e P n d ar , O lymp
p i 4 1 s q q ; Hy n u s , Fab 1 53. ix . . gi . .

55
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8 6 1 7 6 po s 8 6 i n S ch o li as t on H ome r , l c
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P l at o , S y mp os p 2 0 8 D , He rch e r . . .

1
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t h e S ch oli as t o n H o me r I li ad xiii 3 0 7 w h o n ames A p oll o , , .
,

d o r u s as h i s au t h or i t y .

2
A s t o He ll e n an d h i s s on s se e S t r ab o viii 7 1 p 38 3 , ,
. .
, .

Pau s an i as vii 1 2 ; Co n on N ar ra t 2 7
, . A cc o r d i n g t o t h e
.
,
. .

S ch oli as t on Ho me r I lLad i 2 X u t h 11 s w as a s on o f A eol u s ,

.
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.

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S c al i g e r He y n e ( in , te t ), x W e s t e rman n ,

M u ll e r B e kk e r H e rch e r W agn e r
, , , . 67 0
3
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c on j e c t u r e d 6 5 7 2
Ow n E 76 1 7 0 6 17 . . 0G 8V A .

3
5
77 0 1 7 0 6 1 1! A : 816 7 5
0 1 7 6 6 1 15 E , VV ag n e r .

C omp ar e S ch o li as t on A r i s t op h an e s , B i rds , 2 5 0 ; S c h o l
1
.

0 11 H o me r , I l ix 5 62 ; E u s t at h i u s 0 11 Home r , l c p 7 7 6
. . . . . .

T h e s t o r y may b e a r e mi n i s c e n c e o f an an c i e n t G r e e k c u s t o m,
i n acc o r d an c e wi t h w h i ch ki n g s are s ai d t o h av e b e e n r e g u
l ar l y c all e d Z e u s S e e J T z e t z e s A n teh omemca, 1 02 s q
. .
,

O h Ll Lad es , i 4 7 4 ; A B Co o k , T h e E u r op e an Sky g od
' '

Ld
'
“
. . .
,

Folk lor e x v p p 2 99 s qq
, . . .

2
Co mp ar e Lu c i an , H al cy on 1 ; S ch o l o n A r i s t o p h an e s ,
.
,

B i r ds , 2 5 0 ; O vi d , M etamorp h x i 4 1 0 s qq e s p ec 1 al ly 7 1 0 8 qq , . .

58
 T HE L I B RA RY , I . vi i .
4

T hese p e rishe d b y re as on of t heir p ri d e for he s ai d

t h at his w i fe w as H e r a, an d s h e s ai d t h at her h u s
b an d w as Ze u s 1
B u t Z e u s t u r n e d t h e m i n t o bir d s ;
.

h e r he mad e a k i n g fi s h e r ( a lcy on) an d him a g an n e t

2
( y )
ce x .

Can ace h ad b y P o s ei d o n H o pl e u s an d N i r e u s an d
Ep o p e u s an d A l o e u s an d T ri op s A l o e u s w e dd e d
'

I p hi me d i a, dau g h t e r o f T ri op s ; b u t sh e fe ll i n l o v e
w it h P o s ei d on , an d o ft e n g o i n g t o t h e s e a s h e w ou l d
d raw u p t h e w av es w i t h her h an d s an d p ou r t h e m
i n t o h e r l ap P o sei d on m e t h er an d b e gat t w o s on s,
.
-

O t u s an d E p hi al t e s, w h o ar e c all e d t h e A l o ad s 3
.

T h e se g re w e v e r y y e ar a c u b i t i n b re ad t h an d a
fat h om i n h e i g h t ; an d wh e n t he y w er e n i n e y e ars
ol d ,
4
b ei n g n i n e c u b i t s b r oad an d n i n e fat h o m s hi g h ,
t h e y res ol v e d t o fi g h t ag ai n s t t h e g o d s , an d t he y s e t
O s s a on O l y mp u s , an d h av i n g s e t P e l i o n o n O s s a
t h e y t hre at e n e d b y m e an s o f t h e s e m o u n t ai n s t o
asc e n d u t o he av e n , an d t h e s ai d t h at b fi ll i n g
p y y u
p
t h e s e a w i t h t h e m o u n t ai n s t h e y w o u l d m ak e i t d ry
l an d, an d t h e l an d t h e y w o u l d m ak e s e a .
And .

E p hi al t e s w oo e d H e ra, an d O t u s w o oe d Ar t e m i s ;
m ore o v er t h ey p u t Are s i n b on d s H ow e v er, H ermes
5
.

H ygi n u s Fab 65
,
T h e i d e n t i fic at i o n of t h e s e a b i r d cey x
. .
-

i s d ou b t fu l S ee D A rc y W e n t w or t h T h omp s on , Gl os s ary of
’
.

Gr eek B i r ds ( Ox f o r d , p 81 . .

3
A s t o t h e A l o ad s , s e e Home r , 0 d xi 30 5 s qq ; Vi r gil , . . .

A en v i 5 8 2 s q q ; H yg i n u s , Fab 2 8
. . . . .

T h i s an s we r s t o t h e é u v e wpo z o f Ho me r ( 0 d xi
’
4
th e . .

me an i n g of w h i ch h as b e e n d i s p u t e d S e e M e rr y , on Home r , .

0 d x 19 H ygi nu s ( Fab 2 8 ) u n d e r s t o od é w e wpo z i n t h e

’
. . . .

s ame w ay as A p o ll o d o r u s cu m es s en t an n oru m n ov em
5
T h e y ar e s ai d t o h a v e i mp r i s on e d h i m fo r t h i r t e e n mo n t h s
i n a b r az e n p o t , fr o m w h i c h h e w as r e s c u e d , i n a s t at e o f
g r e at e x h au s t i o n , b y t h e i n t e rp os i t i on of He r me s S e e .

Ho me r , I l v 38 5 s qq . . Co mp ar e my n ot e ,
.
“
A re s i n t h e
”
b r az e n p ot , Th e C l as s i cal Revi ew, ii ( 1 888 ) p 2 22 . . .

59
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. 7 7 6 : P u t arch , . . p . l
P ar al l elLL, 4 0 ; H ygi
n u s , Fab 2 4 2 ( w h o c a s E e n u s a s on o f . ll v
He rc u e s )
l A cc o r d n
. i g
t o t h e fir s t t w o o f t h e s e r t ers , w i
v
E enu s , lik
e O e n omau s , u se d t o s e t h i s d au h t e r s s u t o r s t o
’
g i
r u n a ch ar i o t r ac e w t h h i m, r omi s n t o b e s t o h e r on t h e
i p i g w
wi nn e r b u t h e c u t o ff t h e h e ad s o f h i s an q u s h e d c o mpe t v i i
t o r s an d n a e d t h e m t o t h e
il a s o f h i s h ou s e T h s s e e msw ll . i
62
 T HE L I B R AR Y, I . VII .
7
—v m . I

D e mon i c e , w h o h ad E v e n u s, M o l u s, Pyl u s , an d

T h e s t i u s b y Ares .

Ev e n u s b e gat M ar p ess a, w h o w as w o o e d b y A p oll o ,

b u t I d as s on of A p h are u s c arrie d her o ff in a w in g e d

, ,

ch ari ot w hich he rec e i v e d fr om P os ei d o n 1 P u rs u i n g .

him i n a ch ari ot E v e n u s c ame t o t h e ri v er Ly c ormas

, ,

b u t whe n h e c o u l d n ot c a t ch h i m h e s l au g h t er e d h i s
h orses an d t hr e w hi m se l f i n t o t h e ri v er an d t h e ,

ri v e r i s c all e d E v e n u s aft er h i m B u t I d as c ame t o .

M es s e n e an d A p oll o fal l i n g i n w i t h him w ou l d h av e

, , ,

r ob b e d h i m of t h e d am se l As t h e y fou g h t for t h e .

g ir l s h an d Ze u s p ar t e d t hem an d all o w e d t h e mai d en

’

h erse l f t o ch oos e w hich o f t h e t w o sh e w ou l d m arry ;

an d s h e b ec au s e s h e fe ar e d t h at A o ll o m i g h t d eser t
, p
?
her in her o l d ag e ch o se I das fo r h e r h u s b an d
,

T hes t i u s h ad d au g h t er s an d s o n s b y E u ry t h e mi s ,

d au g h t e r o f Cl e ob o e a : t h e d au g h t ers w ere A l t h ae a ,

L e da 3 H y p er mn e st ra an d t h e mal e s w ere I p h i cl u s
, , ,

E v i p p u s P l e x i pp u s an d E u ry p yl u s
, ,
.

Po rt h ao n an d E u ry t e d au g h t er of H i pp odamas , ,

h ad s on s O e n e u s A gri u s A l c at h ou s M e l as L e u c o
, , , , ,

p e us a
,
n d a d au g h t e r S t e r o
p e w h o is s a i d t o h a v e ,

b e e n t h e m o t h e r o f t h e S ire n s b y Ache l ou s .

V I I I Rei g n i n g o v er Cal y d on Oene u s w as t h e

.
,

to b e th e v e r s i on of t h e s t or y w h i ch A p oll o do r u s h ad b e fore
h i m, t ou
h g h h e h as ab r i d ge d i t .

2
Co mp ar e S ch o li as t on H o me r I li ad ix 5 5 7 ( w h o c i t e s , , .

Si mon i d e s ) ; E u s t at h i u s on Home r l o p 7 7 6 ; T z e t z e s
, ,
. . .
,

S ch ol on L y cop h r on 56 1
. Pau s an i as v 1 8 2
.
, ,
. . .

Pau s an i as ( ii i 1 3 8 ) ag re es wi t h A p oll o d or u s i n sayi n g

. .

t h at L e d a was t h e d au g h t e r o f T h e s t i u s w h o w as a s on of ,

A g e n o r w h o w as a s on o f P l eu r on
, an d h e c i t e s t h e e pi c
p oe m of A r e u s as h i s au t h o ri t y for t h e g e neal ogy .

63
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t h e p ar all e l p ass ag e , iv 3 4 6 . . .

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t h e r i s i n g w all of R o me ( L ivy , i 7 . .

3
S e e A p oll o d or u s , i i 7 5 wi t h t h e n o t e . .
, .

4
Th e w h ol e o f t h e f oll o wi n g acc o u n t of t h e li fe an d
d e at h o f M e l e ag e r i s q u ot e d , w i t h a fe w v e r b al ch an g e s
an d o mi s s i o ns , b y Z e n ob i u s ( C e n t v T h e s t ory i s . .

t o l d b y B acch yli d e s ( E p m i c v 93 s qq ) an d , t h ou g h . . .

wi t h ou t any e xp r e s s me nt i on of t h e b u r n i n g b r and 0 1 o f
M e l e ag e r s d eat h , b y H ome r ( I li ad , ix 5 2 9 Co mpare
’
.

Di o do ru s S i c u l u s , iv 3 4 ; O vi d , M etamorp h viii 2 7 0 s qq
. . . .

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,

W ag ne r .
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mems of S op h ocl es , v ol i i. p 1 19
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66
 T H E L I B RAR Y , I . V11 1 . 2

th e nn u al cr op s of t h e c o u nt ry t o all t h e g od s O e n e u s
a

fo r g o t Ar t e mi s al on e B u t s h e i n h e r w rat h se n t a
.

b oar o f e x t raord i n ary si z e an d s t r e n gt h w hich p re ,

v en t e d t h e l an d fr om b ei n g So w n an d d e s t r o e d t h e
y
c at t l e an d t h e p e op l e t h at fe ll i n w i t h i t T o att ac k .

t his b oar O ene u s c all e d t og e t h e r al l t h e n o b l e s t me n

of G r e ece an d p r o m i s e d t h at t o him w h o sh o u l d
,

k i ll t h e b e as t h e w ou l d g i v e t h e s k i n as a p ri z e N o w .

t h e me n w h o asse m b l e d t o h u n t t h e b oar w ere

t h e s e z M e l e ag e r s on o f O e n e u s ; Dry as s on o f
l —
, ,

Ares ; t h e s e c am e fr o m Cal yd on ; I d as an d Ly n ce u s ,

s o n s o f A h ar e u s fr o m M e s se n e ; Cas t o r an d P o ll u x
p , ,

s on s o f Z e u s an d L e d a fr o m Lace d ae m on ; Th es e u s , ,

s o n o f A e g e u s fr o m A t he n s ; A d m e t u s s o n o f Ph e r e s
, , ,

fr om Ph e rae A n c ae u s an d Ce p h e u s s on s of Ly c u r ,

us f r om Arc ad i a ; J aso n s on of A e s on fr om
g , , ,

I ol c u s ; I p hic l es s o n o f A mp hi t ry on fr om T h e bes ;
, ,

Piri t h o u s s o n o f l x i on fr om Lariss a ; P e l e u s s on
, , ,

o f A e ac u s fr om Ph t hi a ; T e l am on s on o f Ae ac u s
, , ,

fr o m S al amis E u ry t i o n s on o f Ac t o r fr om Ph t hi a ; , ,

A t al an t a d au gh t er o f S c h o e n e u s fr o m Arc ad i a ;
, ,

A mp hi arau s s on o f O i cl e s fr om Ar g o s
,
Wi t h ,
.

t hem c am e al s o t h e s on s o f T h e s t i u s A n d w he n .

t he y w ere ass e m b l e d O e n e u s e n t er t ai n e d t h e m fo r
,

n i n e d a s ; b u t o n t h e t e n t h w h e n C e h e u s an d A n
y p ,

c ac u s an d s om e o t hers d is d ai n e d t o g o a h u n t i n g w i t h -

a w o man M e l e ag er c omp e ll e d t he m t o foll o w t h e

,

ch as e wi t h h er for h e d e s ire d t o h av e a chi l d al s o b y

,

A t al an t a t h o u g h h e h ad t o w i fe C l e op at r a d au g h t er
, ,

o f I d as an d M ar e s s a Wh en the s u rr o u n d e d t h e
p y .

1
li s t s o f
Fo r th e e oe sh r wh o h
u n t ed t h e Ca d on an ly i
b o ar s e e O v i d
, ,
M eta/morp h . vii
i 2 99 s q q ; H
. n u s , Fab
. ygi .

1 73 .

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T h e b i r d s c all e d i n G r e e k m el eag md es , g u i n e a f owl

'

1 -

( N u mi d a S e e A n t o n i n u s L i b e r al i s , T r an sfown 2 ; .

A e l i an , D e 71 0 1 1 1 7 0 0 71 70 1 0 170 771 , iv 4 2 ; O v i d , M etamorp k v iii . .

5 33— 5 4 6 ; Hygi n u s , Fa b 1 7 4 ; Pli n y , N at H 1 s t x 7 4 , xxxvii

. . . . .

40 . Wd rs h i pp e r s of A r t e mi s s t r i c t ly ab s t ai n e d from e at i n g
t h e b i i d ; t h e r e as on o f t h e ab s t e n t i on w as kn o n n t o t h e
n at iv e s o f L e r o s , on e o f t h e Sp o r ad e s ( A e l ian Th e ,

b i r d s w e r e k e p t i n t h e s an c t u ar y o f t h e M ai d e n ( A r t e mi s )?

i n t h at i s l and an d w e r e t e n d e d b y t h e p r i e s t s ( A th e nae u s ,
,

xiv 7 1 , p 6 5 5 o) I t i s s aid t h at i t w as A r t e mi s w h o t u rn e d
. . .

70
 THE L I B RA RY , I . v m 3— 5 .

th e s ons of T hes t i u s he himse l f fe ll fi g h t in g A ft er

,
.

t h e d e at h o f M e l e ag er A l t h ae a an d Cl e op at r a h an g e d
,

t hemse l v es an d t h e w o me n w h o m o u rn e d t h e d e ad
,

man w er e t u r n e d i n t o bir d s 1
.

A ft er A l t h ae a s d e at h O e n e u s marri e d Pe rib o e a
’

d au gh t er o f H i p po n ou s T h e au t h o r o f t h e Th e b azd
’

s a s t h at w he n O l e n u s w as s a c k e d O e n e u s recei v e d
y ,

Perib oe a as a g i ft of h on ou r ; b u t H e s i od s ay s t h at
s h e w as se d u c e d b
y H i pp os t rat u s so n o f A m ar n ce u s
y , ,

an d t h at h e r fat h e r H i o n o u s s e n t her a w a fr om
pp y
O l e n u s i n Ach ai a t o O e n e u s b e c au s e h e d w e l t far ,

fr o m G re e c e w i t h an i nj u n c t i o n t o p u t her t o d e at h
,
2
.

H o w e v er s o m e s ay t h at H i p p on o u s d i s c ov e r e d t h at
,

his dau g h t e r h ad b e e n d eb au ch e d b y O e n e u s an d ,

t her e fo re h e s e n t her aw ay t o h im w he n s h e w as w i t h
chi l d By her O e n e u s b e gat Ty d e u s Bu t Pi san d er
. .

s a s t h at t h e m o t her o f T d e u s w as G o r g e for Z e u s
y y ,

w i ll e d i t t h at O e n e u s sh ou l d fall i n l o v e w i th his
o w n d au g h t er
3
.

Wh e n Ty d e u s h ad g r ow n t o b e a g all an t m an
h e w as b an i sh e d fo r k i ll in g as s o m e s ay A l c at h ou s
, , ,

b r ot h e r o f O e n e u s ; b u t acc o r d i n g t o t h e au t h o r
o f t h e A l cmaeonid his v ic t i m s w ere t h e s o n s o f M e l as

w h o h ad p l ott e d agai n s t O e n e u s t h e ir n am es b ei n g ,

the s i s t e r s o f M e l e ag e r i n t o b i rd s b y t o u ch i n g t h e m wi t h a
r od af t e r w h i ch s h e t r an s f e rr e d t h e m t o t h e i l an d of L e r os
,
s

( A n t on i n u s Li b e r al i s On t h e b i r d s s e e D A r cy VVe n t
’
,

w o rt h T h omp son Gloss ary of Gr eek B i r ds ( Ox f o r d

, ,

pp 1 1 4 s q
. .

3
Co mp ar e Di od oru s S i cu l u s iv 3 5 1 s q acc o r d i n g t o
, . . .
,

w h o m Pe r i b oe a all e g e d t h at s h e w as wi t h ch il d b y A r e s .

S op h o c l e s w r ot e a t rag e d y o n t h e s u b j e c t a fe w frag men t s

of i t r e mai n ( T h e F r agmen ts of S op h ocl es ed A 0 P e ar s on ,
. . .
,

i 216
.

3
G o r g e w as a d au g h t e r o f Oe n e u s S e e ab o v e i 8 1 ; .
,
. .

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,

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man n M i i ll e r , .

1
Co mp are E u s t at h i u s , on Home r I l i ad , , xiv 1 2 2 p 9 7 1
.
, .

S ch oli a on H o me r I l i ad , , xiv . T h e F r agmen ts of

S op h onl es e d A C Pe ar s on , v ol iii p 3 8 ,
,
. . . . . . frag 7 99 S tat i u s
.
,

T h eb i 4 0 1 s qq wi t h t h e c o mme n t ar y o f Lac t an t i u s Pl ac i d u s ,
. . .

pp 4 7 s q e d R J ah n k e T h e acc o u n ts d i ffe r as t o w h o m
. . . . .

Ty d e u s kill e d , b u t t h e y ag r e e t h at h e fl ed fr o m Caly d on t o

7 2
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H e y n e ( c o mp ar i n g S t rab o X 2 2 5 , p
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A 71 11 11 0 1 wuos , . .

B e kk e r , W ag n e r A 71 1q 1 6 wv os He rch e r : zi o 11 A VV e s t e r
.
’
.
'

man n M i i ll e r , .

1
Co mp ar e E u s t at h i u s , on Home r I l i ad X i v l 2 2 , p p 97 1 , ,
. .

S ch ol i a o n Ho me r , I l iad , x i v 1 1 4 1 20 ; T h e Fragments of . ,

S op h or l es e d A C P e ar s on , v ol iii p 3 8 , frag 7 9 9 S tat i u s ,

'

,
. . . . . . .

T h 0 0 i 4 0 1 s qq wi t h t h e c o mme n t ar y o f Lac t an t i u s Pl ac i d u s ,
. . .

pp 4 7 s q e d R J ah n k e T h e acc o u n ts d i ffe r as t o w h om
. . . . .

Ty d e u s kill e d , b u t t h e y ag r e e t h at h e fl e d fr o m Caly d on t o

7 2
 T H E L I B RA R Y , I v
. m 5 6
— .

Ph e n e ii s , E u ry al u s , H y p e rl au s , An t i o ch u s, Eu m e d e s
S t e rn op s, Xan t h i pp u s, St h e n e l au s ; b u t as Ph e r e cy d e s
1
w i ll h av e i t , he m u r d ere d h i s o w n b r ot her O l e n i as .

Bei n g arrai gn e d b y A g ri u s , h e fl e d t o Ar g o s an d c am e
t o A d r as t u s , w h o s e d au g h t e r D e i py l e h e marri e d an d
b e g at Di om e d e s .

Ty d e u s mar c h e d agai n s t T h e b e s w i t h A d ras t u s , 2

an d d ie d o f a w o u n d w hich he r e cei v e d at t h e h an d o f

Me l an i pp u s Bu t t h e s on s o f A g ri u s, t o w i t , T h e rsi t e s ,
.

O n c h e s t u s , Pro t h o u s , Ce l e u t or, Ly c o p e u s , M e l an i p p u s ,
w r e st e d t h e k i n gd om fr o m O e n e u s an d gav e i t t o
t h e ir fat h e r , an d m o r e t h an t h at t h e y m e w e d u p
O en eu s i n i m
h s l i fe t i e a n d t o rm e n t e d him 3 N ev e r .

t h e l e s s Di om e d e s aft e r w ar d s c am e secre t l y w i t h
A l c mae on fr om Arg os an d p u t t o d e at h al l t h e s o n s
o f A g ri u s , e x ce t O n c h e s t u s an d T h e r s i t es , w h o h ad
p
fl e d b e t i m es t o Pe l o p on n e s e ; an d as O e n e u s w as
ol d , Di o m e d e s gav e t h e k i n g d o m t o A n d r ae mo n w h o

h ad m arrie d t h e d au g h t e r o f O e n e u s, b u t O e n e u s
hi ms e l f he t oo k w i t h h i m t o P e l op on n e se H o w b ei t , .

t h e son s o f T h e s t i u s , w h o h ad m ad e t heir esc ap e ,

l ay i n w ai t fo r t h e o l d m an at t h e h e ar t h o f
T e l e p h u s i n Arc ad i a, an d k i ll e d h i m Bu t Di om e d e s
.

c o n v e y e d t h e c orp s e t o Ar go s an d b u rie d h i m i n t h e
l ac e w here n o w a ci t s c all e d Oe n o e aft e r h i m
4
p y i .

A d r as t u s at A rg o s , and t h at A d r as t u s p u ri fi e d h i m fr om
t h e mu r d e r ( E u s t at h i u s an d S ch o li a o n Ho me r , l l cc ) an d . .

gav e h i m h is d au g h t e r t o wi fe Comp ar e A p o ll od or u s , iii

. .

2
S e e b e l o w , i i i 6 3 s qq
. . .

3
W i t h t h i s an d w h at f oll o w s c o mpar e Pau san i as , 1 1 2 5 2 . .

S ch oli as t on A r i s t o p h an e s , 1 1 0 71 0 77 1 4 1 8 A n t oni nu s Li b e ral i s ,

.

T r an sform 3 7 ; Hygi n u s , Fab 1 7 5

. . T h e s t o r y f u rn i s h e d
.

E u r ipi d e s wi t h t h e t h e me o f a t r ag e d y c all e d O en eu s See .

T r ag i cor u m Graecoru m Fr ag men ta, e d A N au ck 2 , pp 5 36 . . .

s qq .

1
‘
Co mp ar e P au s an i as , ii . 25 2
. .

73
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For t h e A t h amas , Phr ix u s , an d He ll e , s e e Z e n o
st o ry of
b i u s , C en t iv 38 ; A p os t ol i u s , C en t xi 5 8 ; S ch oli as t on
. . . .

A r i s t op h an e s , C l ou ds , 25 7 ; T z e t z e s , S c h o l on L y c op h ron , . .

2 2 ; E u s t at h i u s , o n Ho me r , I li ad , v n 86 , p 66 7 ; S ch oli as t . .

o n H o me r , I l i ad , vii 8 6 ; Di o d o r u s S i c u l u s , iv 4 7 . H ygi n u s , .

Fab 1 — 3 ; i d A s tr on omi ca ii 20 ; Lact an t i u s Pl ac i d u s , on

. .
, .

S t at i u s , A ch i ll i 65 S cri p tor es reru m my th i caru m L ati n i ,

. .

ed G H B od e , v ol i 8 1 2 0 s q ( Fi r s t V at i c an M y t h o
. . .

pp , . . . .

g r ap h e r , 2 3 ; S e c on d V at i c an My t h og rap h e r , A cc o r d in g
t o H e r o d ot u s ( vii i t w as a r u l e amo n g t h e d e s c e n d an t s
.

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’ ’

,
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II 7 01 0 0 .

1
Co mp ar e Z e n o b i u s , C en t iv 3 8 T z e t z es , S c h ol
. on . .

I/y cop h mn 2 2 9 ; S ch ol i as t o n H o me r , I l i ad , vii 8 6

, B u s ta .

t h i u s o n Ho me r , I li ad , v i i 8 6 , p 6 6 7 i d o n Ho me r , C d v
. . . . .

3 39 , p 1 5 43 . Pau s an i as , i 4 4 7 s q , i x 3 4 7 ; O vi d , 171 6 10
. . . . .

morp h i v 4 8 1 — 5 4 2 Hygi n u s , Fab 4 an d 5 E u r ipi d e s w r o t e

. . . .

a t rag e d , I n c , o f w h i ch a n u mb e r o f fr ag me n t s r e mai n S ee
y .

T r ag i cor u m 0 7 0 6 0 0 7 1 1 77 1 F r ag men ta , e d A N au c k , pp 4 8 2
“
. . .

76
 T HE L I B RA RY , I . 1 11 . 1 —2

se a . B u t w he n t he y w ere ov er t h e s e a w hich l ies

be t w i x t S ig e u m an d t h e Chers on e se, H e ll e s l i pp e d
int o t h e d e e p an d w as d r o w n e d, an d t h e s e a w as
c all e d H e ll e s p o n t aft er her B u t Phri x u s c am e t o
.

t h e Co l chi an s , w h o s e k i n g w as A e e t e s , s on o f t h e
S u n an d o f Pe rs e i s , an d br ot h e r o f Circ e an d
Pasi p h ae , w h o m M i n o s m arri e d H e r e cei v e d .

Phri x u s an d gav e h i m o n e of his d au gh t er s, Ch al ci op e .

A n d Phri x u s s acrific e d t h e r am w i t h t h e g ol d e n fleece

’

t o Z e u s t h e g o d o f E s c ap e , an d t h e fl e e c e h e g av e
t o Aee t es , w h o n ai l e d i t t o an o ak i n a g r o v e o f
Ares A n d Phri x u s h ad chi l d ren b y Ch al ci op e, t o
.

w i t , Ar g u s , M e l as , Ph r on t i s, an d Cy t i s o ru s .

B u t aft er w ar d s At h amas w as b ere ft al s o o f t h e

chi l dr e n of I n o t hr ou gh t h e w r at h o f H era ; for h e
w e n t mad an d sh o t L e arch u s w i t h an arr o w, an d I n o
c ast hers e l f an d M e l icer t e s i n t o t h e s e a 1
Bei n g .

b an i s he d fr om B o e ot i a, A t h am as i n q u ire d o f t h e g o d
w h e r e h e s h o u l d d w e ll , and o n recei v i n g an or ac l e
t h at h e s h o u l d d w e ll i n w h at e v er p l ac e h e sh o u l d b e
e n t er t ai n e d b y w i l d be as t s, h e t rav e r s e d a g r e at
e x t e n t o f c ou n t ry t i ll h e fe ll i n w i t h w ol v e s t h at
w ere d e v ou ri n g p i e c e s o f s he e p ; b u t w h e n t hey saw
h i m t he y ab an d o n e d t h e ir p r e y an d fl e d So .

A t h amas s e t t l e d i n t h at c o u n t ry an d n am e d i t
A t h aman t i a aft er hi ms e l f an d h e m arri e d T h e mi s t o,
d au g h t e r o f H y p s e u s, an d b e gat L e u c o n , E ry t h ri u s ,
S c h o e n e u s, an d P t o u s .

s qq . id t h at He ra d ro v e A t h amas mad b e c au s e s h e
I t is sa

w as an g r y wi t h h i m fo r r e c e i v i n g fr o m He r me s t h e i n fan t
Di on y s u s an d b r i n gi n g h i m u p as a gi r l S ee A p o ll o d o r u s .
,

iii 4 3 T z e t z e s S ch ol on Ly cop h r on 22
. .
,
. . .

2
Comp ar e S ch oli as t o n Pl at o M i n os p 3 1 5 0 ; T z e t z e s
, ,
.
,

S ch ol 0 71 L y cop h r on , 2 2 ; E ty mol og i cu m M ag n u m
. . .
,
’
A 90
71 0 0 7 1 0 0 , p 2 4 1 0 A cc o r d i n g t o t h e l as t of t h e se
. . . w r i t e rs ,

A t h aman t i a w as a pl ai n i n T h e s saly .

77
 A P O L LO D O R U S

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ii 5 20 S ch oli as t
.
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W ag n e r A p ’
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1
Co mp ar e H o me r , I li ad , vi 1 5 2 s q ; Pau s an i as i i 1 l . .
, . . .

2
A s t o B e ll e r op h o n an d t h e Ch i me r a, se e A p oll od or u s , ii .

3 l , wi t h t h e n ot e
. .

3 As
t o Si s yp h u s an d h i s s t on e , s e e Home r , 0 d xi 5 9 3 6 00 . .
-
.

H ome r d oe s n ot s ay w h y S i s y p liu s w as t h u s p u n i s h e d , b u t
Pau s an i as ( i i 5 1 ) an d t h e S ch oli as t o n H o me r ( I l i ad i 1 8 0 )
. . , .

ag r e e w i t h A p oll od o r u s as t o t h e cr i me w h i ch i n c u rr e d t h i s
p u n i s h me n t Hygi n u s as s i g ns i mpi e t y as t h e c au s e o f h is
.

s u ff e r i n g s ( F a b T h e p i c t u r e sq u e s t o r y of t h i s c u n n i n <
. g3
k n av e , w h o 1 8 s aid t o h av e l ai d Deat h h i ms e l f b y t h e h e e l s
s o t h at n o b o d y d i e d t ill A r e s r e l e as e d De at h an d d e liv e r e d

7 8
 A PO LL O DO R U S

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K 0 0 0p7 0 A egi u s : 11 0 0 00 7 00 A .

2
88. Th e M SS . a dd A ido w h i ch i s r e t ai n ed b y M u ll e r
,

an d B e kk e r , b r ac k e t e d b y ,
W e s t e r mann and d e l e t e d b y
H e rch e r an d W ag ne r .

3 '
Ho k 0 8 6 11 7 779 A e g i u s : A .

4
01 11 1 0 0 0 He y n e z q1 11 770 0 0 A
' ’
.

5
0111 0 0077 6 7 0 Fab e r , B e k k e r , W ag n e r : 0 77 0 1 8071 6 7 0 A , He y n e ,
\V e s t e r man n , M ii ll e r : 877 6 0 7 7X6 7 0 H e rch e r ( c o mp ar i n g Ph il o
'

s t rat u s , E p i s t 4 7 , 77 8 8 T 0 71 0 7 0
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. 5 E V 1 17 6 1

S e e b e l o w , iii 1 0 3 . . .

2
Comp ar e Diod or u s S i c u l u s , iv . 68 . 1 . Hi s city w as c all e d
80
 T HE L I B RA RY , 1 . 1 11 .
5 8 -

an d a l s o I c ari u s m any say t h at Perieres w as

. Bu t
n ot t h e s on o f Ae o l u s b u t o f Cy n ort as son o f ,

A my c l as ; so w e sh all n arrat e t h e hi st ory of t h e

1

d e s ce n d an t s o f Perier e s i n d e al i n g w i t h t h e fam i ly
o f A t l as .

Mag n e s marri e d a N ai ad n y mp h an d s on s w e re ,

b or n t o h i m Poly d e c t e s an d Dic ty s ; t hese c ol o ni z e d

,

S e ri p h u s .

S al mo n e u s a t firs t d w e l t i n T h e ss aly b u t aft er ,

w ar d s h e c am e t o E l i s an d t h e re fou n d e d a ci t y 2
.

A n d bei n g arr o g an t an d w i s h fu l t o p u t hi m s e l f o n an
e q u al i t y w i t h Z e u s h e w as p u n i s h e d for his i m p i e t y ;
,

for h e s ai d t h at h e w as h i mse lf Z e u s an d h e t o o k .
,

aw a t h e s acrifi c e s o f t h e o d an d o r d e r e d t h e m t o
y g
b e o ffe re d t o hi ms e l f ; an d b y d r agg i n g d ri e d hi d e s ,

w i t h b r on z e k e t t l e s at h i s ch ari ot h e s ai d t h at h e
, ,

t h u n d e re d an d b y fli n g i n g l i g h t e d t o rc h e s at t h e
,

s ky h e s ai d t h at h e l i gh t e n e d B u t Z e u s st r u c k h i m .

w i t h a t h u n d er b ol t an d w i p e d o u t t h e ci t y he h ad
,

fo u n d e d w i t h al l i t s i n h ab i t an t s 3
.

N o w Ty r o d au g h t e r o f S al m o n e u s an d A l ci d ice
, ,

w as br ou g h t u p b y Cr e t h e u s b r o t her o f S al mon e u s , ,

an d c onc e i v e d a ass i o n for t h e ri v er E n i e u s an d

p p ,

o ft e n w o u l d s h e h i e t o i t s r u n n i n g w at e r s an d u t t e r

S al mon e S e e S t rab o vii 3 3 1 an d 32 p 3 5 6 ; S t e p h an u s

.
,
. .
,
.

By z an t i u s ,
5
2 0 71 0 0 0 7 7 .

3
Co mp ar e Vi r gil , A en vi 5 8 5 3 0 11 wi t h t h e c o mme n t ar y
. . .

o f S e r vi u s ; Hygi n u s , F ab 6 1 S cri p tor es r eru m my th i car u m

.

L ati n i , e d G H B od e , v o l i pp 2 8 , 9 3 (Fi r s t V at i c an
. . . . . .

M y t h og rap h e r , 8 2 S e c on d V at i c an M y t h o g r aph e r , In
t h e t r ad i t i o n s c on c e r n i n g S al mo n e u s w e may p e r h ap s t r ac e
t h e r e mi n i s c e n c e o f a l i n e of ki n g s wh o p e r s o n at e d t h e Sky g o d
Z e u s an d at t e mp t e d t o mak e r ai n , t h u n d e r an d lig h t n i n g b y
me an s o f i mi t at iv e magi c S e e T h e M agi c A r t an d th e
.

E v olu ti on of K i n gs , i 3 1 0 , ii 1 7 7 1 80 sq S op h o cl e s c o mp os e d
. .
, .

a S at y r i c pl ay on t h e s u b j e c t ( T h e Fr agm en ts of S op h ocl es
ed A 0
. . Pe ar son , v ol i i pp 1 7 7
. . . .

8 I

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1

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S i c u l u s , i v 6 8 3 ; E u s t at h i u s , o n Ho me r , 0 0 xi 2 3 4 , p 1 6 8 1
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Fr agmen ta , e d A N an ek , pp 2O 7 2 3 9 0 ; T h e F rag men ts of . . .

S op h oc l es , e d A C Pe ar s o n , v o l i i pp 2 7 0 s q q
. . . . . . .

2
A s t o t h e e xp o s u r e an d d i s c o v e ry o f t h e t wi n s Pe l i as and
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1 0 8 —
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. . . .

x 33 4 ; E u s t at h i u s , o n Ho me r 0 0 xi 2 5 3 , p 1 68 1 A cc o r d
. . . . .

i n g t o E u s t a t h i u s ai i d t h e S ch o l ias t o n H o me r P e li as
w as s u c kl e d b y a mar e an d N e l e u s b y a b i t ch C o mp ar e .

82
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21 0 0 51 6 10 0 7 770 1310 0 7 0 9 01 9 88 80 1 0 1 ,
1 ( 3
1 0 71 0 70 0 70 70
7 770 87 80 0 77 0 6 7 7 0 280 71 80 A 11 0 0 7 0 0
’

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c

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A 71 11 770 7 1 0 .

K p 77 9e 09 88 11 7 10 0 9 1 0 1 71 11 80 T0 p 171 7 770
1
80 1 0 1 R , VVag n e r : 80 1 0 1 71 87 00 0 1 A .

C o mp ar e H om e r , 0 0 xi 2 8 1 s q q ; Pau s ani as , iv 2 5
1
. . . . . .

2
S e e b e l o w , i i 7 3 , an d c o mp ar e Ho me r , I l xi 6 9 0 — 6 9 3 ,
. . . .

w i t h t h e S ch o li a ; Ovi d , JVI etamorp h x ii 5 4 9 s qq ; Hygi n u s . . . ,

Fa b 1 0 A s t o Pe ri c ly me n u s se e t h e v e r s e s o f H e s i od
. .
,

q u o t e d b y t h e S ch o li as t o n A p o ll on i u s R h o di u s , A r g on i 1 5 6 . .
,

acc o r d i n g t o w h o m P e r i c ly me n u s r e c e iv e d fr o m Po s e i d o n t h e
p o w e r o f t u r n i n g h i ms e l f i n t o an e agl e an an t , a b e e or a , ,

s n ak e ; b u t H e rc u l e s , s o s ay s t h e s ch o li as t kill e d h i m wi t h ,

84
 T HE L I B RA RY , I . IX . 8 —
1 1

on th e ve ry c ont in u e d t o
l t ars an d e v e r
a ,
a ft er he
t re at H e r a w i t h c on t u m e ly
Bu t aft e r w ar d s t h e .

b r ot her s fe ll o u t an d N e l e u s b e i n g b ani s h e d c am e
, , ,

t o M e ss e n e an d fo u n d e d Py l u s an d m arri e d Ch l o ri s
,
1
, ,

d au g h t e r o f Am p hi o n b y w h om h e h ad a d au g h t er , ,

P e ro an d s on s t o w i t T au r u s A s t e ri u s Py l ao n
, , , , , ,

D e i m ac h u s , E u ry b i u s , Ep i l au s, Ph r as i u s , E u ry m e n e s ,
E v ag oras , A l as t o r , N e s t o r an d P e ric l y m e n u s , w h o m
Po s e i d o n g ran t e d t h e p ow e r o f ch an g i n g h i s sh ap e .

A n d wh e n H erc u l e s was r avag i n g Py l a s i n t h e fi g h t ,

Peric l y me n u s t u r n e d hims e l f i n t o a l i o n a s n ak e an d , ,

a b e e b u t w as s l ai n b
, y H e rc u l es w i t h t h e ot h e r s o n s

of N e l e u s N e s t o r al o n e w as s av e d b ec au s e h e w as
.
,

b r ou g h t u p amon g t h e G e r e n i an s 2
H e marri e d .

x a ,
f
An a i b i d au g h t e r o Crat i e u s an d b e gat d au g h t e r s
3
, ,

Pi s i d i c e an d P o l y c as t e an d s o n s Per s e u s S t r at i c h u s
, , , ,

Are t u s E c h e p h r o n Pisis t rat u s A n t i l o ch u s an d

, , , ,

T hr as y me d e s .

B u t P e l i as d w e l t in T h e ss al y an d m arri e d A n ax i b i a ,

d au g h t e r o f Bi as b u t a cc or d i n g t o s om e h i s wi fe w as
,

Ph y l omac h e d au g h t e r o f A mp hi o n ; an d h e b e g at
,

a so n Ac as t u s an d d au gh t e r s Pi s i d i c e P e l op i a
, , , , ,

H p p ot h o e a d A l ces t i s
i n ,
4
.

C r e t h e u s fo u n d e d I ol c u s an d marri e d Ty r o ,

a b l o w of h i s c l u b w h e n h e h ad as s u me d t h e f o r m of a fly .

A cc or d i ng t o an ot h e r acc ou n t , i t w as i n t h e f o r m of a b e e
t h at Pe r i c ly me n u s w as s l ai n b y He rc u l e s ( E u s t at h i u s , on
Ho me r , O d xi 2 85 , pp 1 6 85 S q ; S ch o li as t o n H o me r , I l ii
. . . . . .

B u t O vi d s ay s t h at H e rc u l es s h o t h i m i n t h e

s h ap e o f an e agl e , an d t h i s v e r s i o n i s f o ll o w e d b y H ygi n u s

( Fa b . Pe r i c ly me n u s i s al s o r e p o r t e d t o h av e b e e n ab l e
t o c h an g e h i ms e l f i n t o any an i mal or t r e e h e pl e ase d ( B u s t a
t h i u s , l o ; S ch o li as t o n H o me r , 0 d x i
. . . .

3
A cc o rd in g t o Home r ( 0 11 i i i t h e wi f e o f N e s t o r
. .

w as E u ry d i c e , d au g h t e r o f Cly me n u s .

Co mpar e T z e t z e s , S ch ol on L y cop h ron , 1 7 5 . .

85
 A P O L LO D O R U S

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1 1 .

1 2 1
E : 77 0 71 770 A
77 0 71 0 0 . E : 77 6 p1 0 7 0 0 7 es A .

3
B 1 0 3 8 8 0 A 0 0 60 0 0 os A : t h e w or d s 0
’
A0 0 90
'
. 0003 w ere co n
d e m ne d as a gl os s b y He y n e an d ar e o n i t t e d i b y H e rch e r
an d W ag n e r .

Comp ar e Ho me r ,
1
0d . xi . 258 T z e t z e s , S c h ol . on

L y c op h r on 1 7 5 . , .

A s t o t h e mo d e i n w h i ch M e l amp u s l e ar n e d t h e l an g u ag e
2

o f b i rd s an d wi t h i t t h e ar t o f d ivi n at i o n , fr om s e r p e n t s i n
,

r e t u r n for t h e ki n dn e s s w h i ch h e h ad s h o w n t o t h ei r s p e c i es ,

s e e S ch o li as t o n A p oll o n i u s Rh o d i u s , A r g on i 1 1 8 c omp ar e . .

E u s t at h i u s o n Home r , O d x i 2 9 2 , p 1 6 8 5 ; Pl i n y , N at H i s t . . . . .

x 1 3 7 He l e n u s and Cass an d r a ar e s ai d t o h av e ac q u i r e d t h ei r
. .

p ro p h e t i c po w e r i n lik e man n e r A s ch il d re n t h e y w e l e l e f t .

o v e r n ig h t i n a t e mpl e o f A p oll o an d i n t h e mo r n i n g s e r p e n t s ,

w e r e fo u n d l i c ki n g t h e i r e ars S e e S c h oli as t o n Ho me r , I l . .

vii 4 4 T z e t ze s , S ch ol o n 1 1 0 1 0 71 11 7 0 71 , I n trod v o l
. .
pp . . . .

86
 A PO LLO D O R US

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,

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41 0 11 0 11 0 0 W e s t e r man n Mu ll e r
A, , : 1 0 i 1co A eg iu s ,

He y n e , B e kk e r He rch e r Wag n e r
, , .

2
8 60 B e kk e r 8 1 5 A
°

1 1“
1 60 101 .

11 p 0 ¢ 10 1 0 0 R RaB : 1 70 0
11 0 11 0 1 1 0 0 , P R 0 i n t h e mar gi n : 011 0
71 1 0 70 0 Fab e r , He rch e r .
4
81 77 0 11 p1 0 0 11 6 0 0 1 0 R :
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5
0 78 0 10 1 11 R 7 0
01 18 1 0 A 07 11 61 0 He y n e , \V e s t e r mann , Be kk e r .

88
 THE L I B RAR Y , I . 1x . 1 2

N e l e u s s ai d t h at he w o ul d g i v e her t o hi m w h o
sh ou l d bri n g h im th e kine o f Ph y l acu s T hese .

w ere in Ph yl ac e an d they w ere g u arded b y a d o g

,

w h i c h neither man n o r be a st c o u l d c o me ne ar .

U n abl e t o ste al these ki n e B i as i n v ited his br o ther ,

t o he l p hi m M e l am p u s p r omised t o d o s o an d
.
,

fo ret ol d th at he sh o u l d be dete c ted in th e ac t o f

ste al i n g the m an d th at h e sh o u l d g et th e kine after
,

bein g ke p t in b o nd ag e fo r a y e ar A fter maki n g .

this p r o m ise h e re p aired t o Ph y l ac e an d j u st as ,

h e h ad fo ret o l d he w as dete c ted in the the ft an d

,

ke p t a p ris o ner in a c e ll When the y e ar was ne ar ly

.

u he he ard the w o r m s in the hidden p art o f th e

p ,

r oo f o n e o f the m as kin g h o w m u c h o f the be a m

,

h ad been al re ady g n aw ed thr o u gh a nd o thers an ,

s w e ri n
g th at v er
y l itt l e o f it w as l e ft A t o n c e .

he b ade the m trans fer h i m t o an o ther c e ll ,

an d n o t l o n g after th at h ad been d o ne the c e ll

fe ll in Ph y lac u s m arv e ll ed an d p er c ei v in g th at
.
,

h e w as an e x c e ll e n t s oo ths ay er h e re l e a sed hi m ,

an d in v ited hi m t o s a
y h o w his s o n I p h i c l u s m i g ht

g et c hi l dren M e l am p u s p r o m ised t o te ll hi m
.
,

p r o v ided he g o t the kine A nd h av in g s ac ri fi c ed .

t w o b u ll s an d c u t the m in p ie c es h e s u mm o ned the

birds ; an d w hen a v u l t u re c ame he l e arned fro m ,

it th at o n c e w hen Ph y lac u s w as g e l din g r am s he

, ,

l aid d o w n the kni fe st i l l b l oo dy beside I p h i c l u s

, , ,

an d th at w hen the c hi l d w as fri g htened an d ran

a w y he st u c k th e kni fe o n the s a c red oak an d the
a ,
1
,

1
A c c o rd i ng t o the Sc h o l i as t on Ho me r ( 0 d . xi . 28 7 an d
2 9 0 ) an d E u s t at h i u s ( on Ho me r 0 d, . xi 292 , p
. . the tr ee
w as n o t an o ak b u t a i d p e a r t ree
W l -
( fi xe psos ) .

39
 A P O L LO D O R U S

i 1
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7 0 157 0 71 0 9 0 1 0 7 ra 0 1 7 0 77 1 0 15 M 6 71 0 71 7 7 0 0 9 7 770 11 80
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0 77 6 1 p011 0 0 1 He y n e
4
0 77 6 01 0 711 0 A .

5
1 ra 8
p 1 E R F
‘ 7r e 7 A
p .

6
871 777 0 1 T h e M S S ad d 77 0 7 770 77
. . 77 7 0 0 17 Th e se .

w or d s are r e t ai n ed b y W e s t e r man n an d M u ll e r b u t omi t t e d

b y B e kk e r , He rch e r , an d W ag ne r , f oll o w i n g H e y n e .

7 17
p 8$ 0 157 80 O mi t t e d m t h e M S S r e st or e d .

b y Fi s ch e r an d W ag n e r fr o m Z e n ob i u s , 0 6 7 1 1 i 1 8 . . .

1
Comp ar e Hygi n u s , F11 0 50 an d 5 1 . .

2
T h at i s , Pe r s e p h on e .

3
T h i s p at h e t i c s t o r y i s i mmo r t ali z e d b y E u r ip id e s i n h i s
n ob l e t r ag e d y A l ces ti s , h appily s t ill e x t an t Co mp are .

92
 T HE L I B RA RY ,
I . 1x . 1 5
—
1 6

w o o e d A l ce s t is d au gh t er o f Pe l i as
,
N o w Pe l i as .

h ad p r omi s e d t o g i v e his d au g h t er t o him w h o sh o u l d

o k e a l i o n an d a b o ar t o a c ar an d A oll o ok e d an d
y p y
,

gav e t h e m t o A d m e t u s w h o brou g h t t h e m t o Pe l i as
,

an d s o o b t ai n e d A l c e s t is 1
B u t i n o ffe ri n g a s acrific e
.

at h i s m arri ag e he fo r g o t t o s acrifice t o Art e mi s ;

,

t here fo re w he n he o p e n e d t h e m arri ag e ch am b e r h e
fo u n d i t fu ll o f c o i l e d s n ak es A p oll o b ad e him .

a e ase t h e g o d d e s s an d o b t ai n e d as a fav o u r o f t h e
pp
Fat es t h at w he n A d me t u s sh ou l d be ab ou t t o d i e
, ,

h e m i gh t be r e l e as e d fr om d e at h i f s om e on e sh ou l d
ch oo s e v ol u n t ari l y t o d i e fo r h i m A n d w he n .

t h e d ay o f his d e at h c am e n ei t h e r his fat her n o r h i s

mo t h e r w ou l d d i e for h i m b u t A l c e s t is d i e d i n h i s
,

s t e ad B u t t h e Mai d e n se n t her u p agai n or as

.
2
, ,

s om e s a H erc u l e s fou g h t w i t h H ad e s an d b r o u g h t
y ,

her u p t o h im 3
.

A e s on ,s on of Cre t he u s h ad a s on J as o n b y
,

Po l y me d e d au g h t er of A u t o ly c u s N o w J as o n d w e l t i n
,
.

Z e n ob i u s , C en t i 1 8 , w h i ch t o a c e rt ai n e x t e n t ag r e e s
. .

v e rb al ly wi t h t h i s p ass ag e of A p oll od o r u s Th e t al e of .

A d me t u s and A l c e s t i s h as i t s p ar all e l i n h i s t o r y On c e .

w h e n P h ilip II o f Sp ain h ad fall e n ill and s e e med lik e t o

.

d i e , h i s f ou r t h wi f e , A n n e o f A u s t r i a, “
i n h e r d i s t re s s ,
i mpl o re d t h e A l mi gh t y t o S p are a li fe s o i mp o r t an t t o t h e
w e l fare of t h e ki n gd o m and of t h e ch u rch , an d i n s t e ad o f
i t t o acc e p t t h e s acr i fic e o f h e r ow n H e av e n , s ay s t h e
.

chro n i c l e r, as t h e r e s u l t s h ow e d , li s t e n e d t o h er p r ay e r T h e .

ki n g r e c o ve r e d an d t h e q u e e n fe ll i l l of a d i s o rd e r w h i ch i n
a fe w d ay s t e r mi n at ed f at ally S o t h e y l ai d t h e d e ad q u e e n
”
.

t o h e r l as t r e s t , w i t h t h e k i n g s o f Sp ai n , i n t h e g l oo my pil e
o f t h e E s c u r i al amon g t h e w i l d an d b arr e n m o u n t ai n s o f

Cas t il e b u t t h e r e w as n o He rc u l e s t o c ompl e t e t h e p ar all e l

Wi t h t h e G r e e k l e g e n d b y r e s t or i n g h e r i n t h e b l oom of li fe
an d b e au t y t o t h e ar ms o f h e r h u s b an d S e e W H Pre s c ot t ,
. . .

H i s tory of th e R ei g n of P hi li p th e S econ d , b k vi ch ap 2 , at . . .

t h e en d .

93
 A P O LLO D O R U S

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3
811 06 20 A , Z e n ob i u s , Cen t i v 9 2 : 7 71 6 20 E . . .

1
Fo r t h e ry of Pe li as and J as on s e e Pi n d ar P y th i v
st o , ,
. .

7 3 ( 1 2 9 ) s qq wi t h t h e S ch o li a ; A p oll on i u s R h od i u s A r g on
.
, , .

i 5 s qq ; Tz et z e s S c h ol 0 77 L y 0 0 p h ro 1 i 1 7 5 ; Hy g i n u s
. .
, .
7
,
.
,

F ab 1 2 an d 1 3 ; S e r vi u s o n Vi r gil E el iv 3 4 ; Lac t an t i u s
.
, , . .

Pl ac id u s o n S t at i u s T h eb i i i 5 1 6
, T h e p r e s e n t p as s ag e o f
,
. . .

A p oll od or u s i s c opi e d al mos t li t e r al l y b u t as u s u al w i t h o u t ,

ac k n o wl e d g me n t b y Z e n o b i u s C en t iv 9 2
,
I t w as t h e , . . .

94
 A P O LLO D O RU S

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6
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’
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o as t o n H o me , I l S ch li r ii
6 i
I 7r7ro 71 ,11 0 0 A : 1 77 77 0 71 11 71 0 0 4 94
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. .

1 7 7 0 71 11 811 0 0 D i o d or u s S i c u l u s , 67 7 iv . . .

7
A A6 11 7 pv 150 0 s Ho me , I l x v n 6 02 , th e r wi h S ch li
’
t o as t . .

’
H71 6 11 7 p0 00 0 3 Di od oru s S i c u l u s , 67 7 iv . . .

C o mp ar e A p oll on i u s R h o di as , A rg on i 5 24 s qq
1
iv 5 8 0 . . .
, .

s qq ; T z e t z e s , S c h ol on L y cop h r on 1 7 5
. T h e f oll o wi n g. .
,
.

96
 TH E L I B RA RY , I . IX. 1 6

b u il t a shi p o f fi fty oars n am e d Ar g o aft er i t s b u i l d er ;

an d at t h e r o w A t he n a fi t t e d i n a s e ak i n g t i m b e r
p p
m
fro t e oa o D od on a
h k f 1 Whe n t h e shi p w as b u i l t ,
.

an d he in q u ir e d o f t h e o rac l e , t h e od g av e him
g
l e av e t o asse mb l e t h e n obl e s of G reece an d s ai l
2
aw a A n d t h o se w h o assem b l e d w ere as fo ll o w :
y .

Ti p h y s, son o f H ag n i as, w h o s t eer e d th e s hi p ;

Or p he u s , s o n of Oe ag ru s Z e t e s an d Cal ai s , s on s of ‘ ‘

B or e as ; Cast o r an d Po ll u x , s o n s of Ze u s ; T e l amon
an d Pe l e u s , s on s o f Ae ac u s ; H erc u l es , s on o f Ze u s ;

T h e se u s , son o f Ae g e u s ; I d as an d Ly n ce u s , s on s o f
A p h are u s ; A mp hi arau s, son o f O i c l e s Cae n e u s,
s o n o f Co r on u s ; Pal ae m o n , s o n o f H e h ae s t u s or o f
p
Ae t ol u s ; Ce p h e u s , s on o f A l e u s ; L aer t es son o f Arci
s i u s ; A u t o l c u s , s on o f H ermes ; A t al an t a, d au g h t e r
y
o f S c h oe n e u s ; M e n o e t i u s , s o n of Ac t o r ; Ac t o r ,
s o n of H i p p as u s ; A d m e t u s , so n o f Ph e r e s ; Ac as t u s ,

so n o f Pe l i as ; E u r t u s , s o n o f H erm e s ; M e l e ag er ,
y
s o n o f O e n e u s ; A n c ae u s , son o f L c u r g u s ; E u h e
y p
m u s, son of P o sei d on ; P o e as, s on o f T h au mac u s
B u t es , so n of T e l e on ; Ph an u s an d S t ap h y l u s, s on s
of Di o n s u s ; E r g i n u s , s on o f P o sei d o n ; Pe ricl
y y
men u s, son of N e l e u s ; A u g e as , son o f t h e S u n °

I p h i cl u s, s on o f T h e s t i u s ; Ar g u s , s o n o f Phri x u s ;
Eu ry al u s , s o n of M eci s t e u s ; Pe n e l e u s , s on o f H i p pal
mu s ; L ei t u s , s on o f A l e ct or ; I p hi t u s, son of Nau b o l u S °

na rrat i ve v oy ag e o f t h e A r g o i s b as e d mai nly on t h e

of th e
A rg onau ti ca p oll on i u s Rh od iu s A s t o t h e v oy age of t h e
of A .

A r g on au t s s e e f u r t h e r Pi n d ar P y th iv 1 5 6 ( 2 7 6 ) sq q
, , Di o . . .

d o r u s S i cu l u s iv 4 0 4 9 , 0 730 71 70 0
.
— A r gon au ti ca ; T z e t z e s
, ,

S ch ol on I/y w p h r on 1 7 5 ; Hygi n u s F ab 1 2 1 4 2 3 ; O vi d
.
, , .
,
—
,

M etamorp h v i i 1 s q q ; V al e ri u s Flaccu s A rgon au ti ca

. . .
, .

2
Fo r li s t s of t h e A rg on au t s s e e Pi n d ar P y th iv 1 7 1 s qq ;
, , . . .

A p o ll on i u s R h od i u s A rg on i 2 0 s q q ; Orp h i ca A r gon au ti ca
, . . .
, ,

Val e r i u s Flaccu s A rgon i 3 52 s q q ; Hygi nu s

58 1 4
11 s qq .
, . . .
,

F1 .

97
VO L . 1 .
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1
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7
p 5
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7 .

76 A 771 0 1 8 X 8 8 A fi w 7 8 p 03 5
:
00 0 0 6 / o 0 1 6
10
7 0 7 . 7
7 9 1 0 7 7

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7 779 69150 0 7 0 9 81 0 1 7 150 0 7 770 86 0 1 A 77 71 0 1 0 1 7 770 .

A 1f1 p 0 1511 87 1571 0 1 0 77 88 0 157 0 1 9 871 6 0 71 71 6 1

80 0 0 0 71 150 0 11 0 7 81 17 7 0 157 0 0 1 17 7771 0 0 7 6 9 0 157 179 811
,

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0 0 0 60 0 0 § 0 0 7 o 0 157 0 1 9 . 88 0 1 A 77
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5 '

, p p ¢ 0

7 1 15 0 77 8 8 80 0 1 0 6 0
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7 p
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3 1
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5
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.
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X 9 8 0 7 6 9 80 7 6 159 6 0 11 0 7
5
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1
1 071 71 60 03 Home r I l , . ii
5 1 2 : 0 71 71
. 60 03 A .

2
Ao Moa w A e g i u s : 8 0 71 l0 1 $ E A .

1
A s t o t h e vi s i t o f t h e A r g on au t s t o Le mn os , s e e A p oll o
n i u s R h od i u s , A rg on i 60 7 s q q ; O rp h i ca, A rg on au t i ca, 4 7 3
. . .

s qq ; . S ch oli as t o n Home r , I1 v i i 4 6 8 Val e r i u s Flaccu s , . .

A rg on ii 7 7 s qq ; Hygi n u s , Fab 1 5
. . . A s t o t h e mas sacr e o f . .

t h e me n o f Le mn o s b y t h e w o me n , s e e fu r t h e r He r od ot u s , v i .

1 38 A p os t ol i u s , C en t 11 65 Z e n ob iu s , C en t iv 9 1 S ch oli as t
. . . .

on A p oll o n i u s R h od i u s , A r g on i 6 0 9 , 6 1 5 T h e vi s i t o f t h e . . .

A r g o n au t s t o Le mn os w as t h e t h e me o f pl ay s b y A es ch y l u s
an d S o p h o c l es S e e T r agi coru m Gr aecoru m F r agmen ta e d
. , .

A N au c k , pp 7 9 , 2 1 5 s q q ; T h e Fr agmen ts of S op h oc l es , e d
.
z
. . .

A 0 Pe ar s on , ii 5 1 s qq
. . T h e Le mn i an t r ad i t i on s h av e b e e n
. .

i n t e r p r e t e d as e vi d e n c e o f a f o r me r c u s t o m o f gy n ocrac y , o r

98
 A PO L LO DO R U S

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5

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5
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5

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5
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88 7 7 0 71 71 0 159 0 1 A p7 0 0 0 157 0 1 71 6 19 0 1 0 11 0 1 K 15§ 1 11 0 0

5 5 5

, ,
5
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5

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5

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2
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3
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1
T h e y l ame n t e d fo r t hr e e d ay s an d t o r e ou t t h e i r h ai r
t h e y r ai s e d a mo u n d o v e r t h e g rav e , march e d r ou n d i t
t hr i c e i n ar mou r , p e rfo r me d f u n e r al r i t e s , an d c e l e b r at e d
game s i n h on ou r of t h e d e ad man Th e mou n d w as t o b e .

s e e n d o w n t o l at e r d ay s , and t h e p eo pl e of Cy z i c u s c o n t i n u ed

t o p o u r li b at i on s at i t e v e ry y e ar S e e A p oll on i u s R h od i u s , .

A rg on i
5

. . 71 0 1 1 17 6 0 , 5 7 1 s q q ; .

V al e r i u s PI
1 0 0

C O L L EG E
 T H E L I B RA RY , I . 1 11 . 1 8 — 1 9

Ho w e v er, t h e Dol i on e s, t ak i n g t hem for a

Pe l as g i an
arm
y ( fo r t he
y w ere c o n s t an t l
y h ar asse d b
y t h e P e l as

g i an s ) j oi n e d b at t l e w i t h t h e m b y n i gh t i n m u t u al
,

i gn o rance o f e ach ot her Th e Ar gon au t s s l e w m an y .

an d am o n g t h e r e s t Cy z ic u s ; b u t b y d ay w he n t he y ,

k n e w w h at t hey h ad d on e t h e y m o u r n e d an d cu t off ,

t heir h air an d g av e Cy z ic u s a c o s t l y b u ri al ; an d aft er

1

t h e b u ri al t h e y s ai l e d aw ay an d t ou che d at My si a 2
.

T h e re t h e y l e ft H erc u l e s an d P o l y p h em u s For .

Hy l as s on o f T hi o damas a m i n i on o f H erc u l e s h ad
, , ,

been se n t t o d raw wat er an d w as rav ish e d away b y

ny m p hs o n acc o u n t of his b e au t y 3
B u t P oly p h e m u s .

he ar d him c ry o u t an d d raw i n g his s w o r d g av e ch ase

,

in t h e be l i e f t h at he was b ei n g c arri e d o ff b y r ob b ers .

Fall i n g in w i t h H erc u l e s h e t ol d him an d w hi l e t h e ,

t w o w e re see k i n g for H y l as t h e s hi p p u t t o s e a So ,
.

Pol y p hem u s fou n d e d a ci t y Ci u s in My si a an d r e i gn e d

as k i n g ; 4
b u t H erc u l e s re t u r n e d t o Ar g o s How .

e v er H e rod oru s s ay s t h at H erc u l es d i d n ot s ai l at al l

at t h at t ime b u t s er v e d as a s l av e at t h e c o u r t of
,

O mp h al e B u t Ph e r e cy d e s s ay s t h at he w as l e ft
.

b e hin d at A p h e t ae i n T he s s al y t h e Ar g o h av i n g d e ,

c l are d w i t h h u m an v o ice t h at she c ou l d n ot be ar

2
Co mp ar e A p oll on i u s R h od i a s A rgon i 1 1 7 2 s qq , . .

V al e ri u s Fl ac on s A rgon iii 4 8 1 s q q , . . .

3
A s t o Hyl as an d He rc u l e s c o mp ar e A p oll on i u s R h od i u s
, ,

A rgon i 1 2 0 7 s q q ; T h e o cr i t u s I d xi ii ; A n t on i nu s Li b e r a
. . .
, . .

l i s T r ansfor m 2 6 ; Orp h i ca A rgon au ti ca 6 4 6 s qq ; V al e r i u s

,
.
, ,
.

Fl ac on s A rg on iii 5 2 1 s qq ; Prop e r t i u s i 2 0 1 7 s qq ; Hy
, . . .
, . . .

g i n u s , F a b 1 4 ; S cr.i p t or es r er u m m y th i c ar w m L a t i ni , ed '
.

G H B o d e , v ol
. . 1 8 , 1 40 (
. i ppr st at c an M t h o ra h e r ,
.Fi . V i y g p
49 ; Se c on d at c an M t h o r a h e r ,
V i y g p I t i s s a d t h at i
d o n t o c om arat e
w p iv ly l i
at e t mes t h e n at e s c on t n u e d t o iv i
s acr fic e t o H
i yl
as at t h e s r n p i g w
h e r e h e h ad d is a ear e d , pp
p i ll
t h at t h e r e s t u s e d t o c a on h i m t hr c e b y n ame , an d t h at i
w i i
t h e e ch o an s e r e d t hr c e ( A n t on n u s Li b e r al i s ,
4
Comp ar e A p o on u s R h od i u s , A rgon
ll i 1 3 2 1 s qq , 1 3 4 5 s qq . i . . .

IOI
 A P O LL O DO R U S

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b y He rch e r , c omp ari n g S ch oli as t P l at o ,
5
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1
pi n i on s of t h e an c i en t s w e re mu ch d ivi d ed as t o
Th e o

t h e s h ar e H e rc u l es t o o k i n t h e v oy ag e of t h e A r g o S ee .

S ch oli as t on A p oll on i u s Rh od iu s A rgon i 1 2 90 I n s ay i n g , . . .

t h at He rc u l e s w as l e f t b e h i n d i n M y s i a an d r e t u rn e d t o
A r g os o u r au t h o r f oll o w s as u su al t h e v e r s i on of A p oll on i u s
, , ,

Rh o d i u s ( A r gon i 1 2 7 3 A cc o rd i n g t o an ot h e r v e r s i o n
. .
,

af t e r H e rc u l e s w as l e f t b e h i n d b y t h e A r g o i n M y s i a h e ,

mad e h i s w ay on f oot t o Col ch i s ( T h e ocr i t u s I d xiii 7 3 s q , . .

He r od ot u s s ay s ( i 1 9 3 ) t h at at A p h et ae i n T h ess aly t h e h e r o
.

l an d e d from t h e A r g o t o f e t ch w at e r an d w as l e ft b e h i n d b y
J aso n an d h is fe ll ow s Fr o m t h e p r es e n t p ass ag e of A p oll o
.

d o r u s i t w o u l d s e e m t h at i n t h i s acc ou n t He r o d ot u s w as f oll o w
i n Ph e re cy d e s Co mp ar e S t e p h an u s By z an t i n s 21 7 1
g A s t o t h e vi s i t of t h e A r g onau t s t o t h e B e b ry c e s and t h e
.
, 116 7 0 .

b o xi n g mat ch o f Po ll u x wi t h A my c u s s e e A p oll on i u s R h od i u s , ,

A rg on ii 1 s q q ; T h e o cr i t u s xxi i 2 7 s qq ; O rp h i ca A rg o
. . .
,
. . ,

n au ti c a 6 6 1 s q q ; V al e r i u s Fl ac on s A rg on iv 9 9 s q q ; Hy g i
, .
,
. . .

1 0 2
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 T H E LI B RA R Y I , . 1 x. 2 1

w as a of A g en o r b u t ot hers t h at he w as a s on
s on ,
1

of Po se i d o n an d h e i s v ari o u sl y all e g ed t o h av e been

,

bl inded by the g od s fo r fo rete ll i n g m e n the fu t u re o r

by B ore a s an d the Ar g on au t s bec a u s e he b l i n ded h i s
o w n s o n s a t th e in s ti ga ti o n of their s te p m o ther ; or
2

by P o s eid on bec au s e he re v e a l ed t o th e chi l dren of

,

Phri x u s h o w the y c oul d s a i l fr om Col chi s t o G reece .

T he go d s al s o s ent th e H a r p ie s t o h i m T he s e w ere .

w i n g ed fe mal e cre a t u re s an d w he n a t a b l e w as l a id ,

fo r Phine u s the y fl e w d o w n fr o m the sky an d sn atch ed

,

u p mo st of the v ict u al s a nd w h a t l ittl e th e y l e ft s t an k

,

s o th a t n o b o d y c o ul d t o u ch it When th e Ar go n a u t s .

w o ul d h a v e c o n sul ted h i m a b o u t the v oya g e he ,

s a id th a t h e w o ul d a d v i s e the m a b o u t it i f the y
w o ul d rid h i m of th e H a r p ie s S o the Ar g o n a u t s .

l a id a t a bl e of v i a n d s be s ide h i m a nd th e H a r p ie s ,

w ith a s hrie k s u dde n l y po u n ced d o w n an d s n a tched

a w ay the foo d Whe n Zete s an d Cal a i s the s o n s of
.
,

B o re a s saw th a t the y dre w their s w o rd s a nd bei n g

, , ,

w i n g ed p u r s u ed th e m thr o ugh th e a ir No w it w as
, .

fated th at the H a r p ie s sh o ul d p eri s h by th e s o n s of

B o re a s an d th at the s on s of B o re a s s h o ul d die w hen
,

the y c o ul d n o t c atch u p a fug iti v e S o the H a r p ie s .

w ere p u r su ed an d o n e of t h e m fe ll i n t o the ri v er
T i gre s in Pe l opo n n e s e the ri v er th a t i s n o w c all ed
,

H a r pys after h er s o me c all h er N i c ot h o e b u t o ther s ,

A e l lo p u s B u t the o ther n am ed Oc yp ete o r a cc o rdin g

.
, ,

t o o ther s O cy t h o e ( b u t H e s i o d c all s her Oc ypo de )

,
3

fled b y the Pr opon ti s ti ll s h e c a me t o the E c h in ad i an

I sl a n d s w hich ar e n o w c all ed S t rop h ad e s after h er ;
,

1
So A pollo n i u s Rh od iu s ( A rgon . 11 . 2 3 7 , 2 40 ) an d Hy g i n u s
( F ab .

2
S ee b e low iii 1 5 3 n ote , . . .

3
He s io d ( T h eog 2 6 7 ) c all s he r O c yp e t e
. .

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1
Comp are A pollo n i u s R h o d i u s A rg on ,
. ii . 284— 2 9 8 , wh o
sa y s t h at p re v i ou s ly t h e i sl an d s w ere c all ed t h e Float ng I sl e s i
( P l otai ) .

2
Th e Cl as h i ng R o ck s ar e t h e i s l an d s w h i ch t h e Gree k s
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3 X fi9L

66 7 s 2
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.
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’ ’ ' ’ '
.
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f

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c
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’

?
-

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i
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p x
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’ ’ '

I I
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A A

p L L9
p .

1
11 6 c E : vn s b A .

2
6 6 7 1 3» é y x a eopp w e f e a ns E W ag n er
, : 66 7 1 y fis
'
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a ee i o ns
'
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3
67r e7 a 0 6 6
'
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E : 67
5
67 0 6 6 6 7 0 A .

Comp are A p ollo n i u s Rh od iu s A r g o n ii 7 20 s q q ; O rp h i ca

1
, . . .
,

A rg on au ti ca 7 1 5 s qq ; V al er i u s Fl ac on s , A rg on i v 7 3 3 s qq
, . . . .

H y g i n u s , F ab 1 8 . .

2
Co mp are A p ollo n i u s R h od i u s , A rg on ii 8 1 5 s qq ; Orp h i ca . . .
,

A rg on au ti ca, 7 2 5 s q q ; V al er i u s Fl ac on s A rg o n v 1 s q q ; .
,
. . .

Hy g i n u s , Fa b 1 4 an d 1 8 A cc o rd i n g to A p ollon i u s the
. .
,

barr ow o f I d mon w as s u rmou n ted b y a w i l d ol i v e t ree ,

w h i c h t he N i ae an w ere c o mman ded b y A pollo t o wo rs h i p

s s

as the g u ard i an o f the c i t y .

1 0 8
 TH E LI B RA R Y ,
I . 1x. 2 2 -
23

bei n g s h o r n a w ay ri ght r o u n d H ence fo rth

poop .

the Cl a shi n g R o c k s st oo d s ti ll ; fo r it w as fa ted th a t ,

s o s oo n as a s hi p h a d ma de the pa ss a g e the y s h o ul d ,

c ome t o re s t c o mp l ete l y .

T he Ar g o n a u t s n ow a rri v ed amo n g th e M a ri an
d y n i an s an d there K i n g L y c u s recei v ed the m
,

k in dly 1 T here died Id mo n the s eer of a w o u n d

.

i n flicted b y a b oa r an d there t oo died Ti h s an d

2
p y ,

Anc a e u s u n dertook t o steer the s hi p 3

.

And h av i n g s a i l ed pa s t th e Th e rmod on an d th e
Ca u c a s u s the y c ame t o th e ri v er Ph as i s w hich i s in ,

the Co l chi an l a n d Whe n the s hi p w as br oug ht i n t o

4
.

po rt J a s o n re pa ired t o Aeete s an d s etti n g fo rth the

, ,

ch a r g e l a id o n h i m by Pe l i a s i n v ited h i m t o g i v e
h i m the fleece T he o ther p r om i s ed t o g i v e it i f
.

s i n gl e h a n ded h e w o ul d y o k e the br a z en foo ted b ull s

- -
.

T he s e w ere t w o w i l d b ull s th a t he h a d of e n o rm o u s ,

s iz e , a g i ft of H e p h a e st u s ; the y h ad braz e n feet

an d p u ffed fire fr o m their m o u th s T he s e cre at u re s .

Aeete s o rdered h i m t o yo k e an d t o s o w dra g o n s ’

teeth ; fo r h e h a d g o t fr o m Athe n a h al f of the

drag o n s teeth w hich Ca d mu s s o w ed i n T hebe s
’
5
.

Whil e J a s on p u z z l ed h o w he c o ul d yo k e th e b ull s ,

3
Co mp are A pollo n i u s R h od i u s A rg on 1 1 85 1 898 ; 0 r ,
. .
—

p h i ca A rg on au tzca 7 2 9 s qq ; T ze t ze s S ch ol on I/y cop h ron

’

, ,
.
, .
,

89 0 V al er i u s Fl ac on s A rgon v 1 3 s qq ; Hy g i n u s Fab 1 4
,
. . .
, .

and 18 .

4
As to Jas on i n Col ch i s and h i s w i nn i n g o f the G ol de n
,

Fl eece see A pollon i u s Rh od iu s A rg on ii 1 260 s qq iii l s q q

, , . . .
,
. .
,

i v 1 — 2 4 0 ; Diod or u s Sicu l u s i v 4 8 1 5 ; Val er i u s Flac cu s

. , . .
—
,

A rgon v 1 7 7 v iii 1 39 ; O v i d M etamorp h v ii 1 — 1 5 8

. .
—
. Th e
,
. . .

ad v e n t u re s o f J as o n i n Col ch i s w ere the s u b ject o f a pl ay b y

Sop h o c l e s c all ed T h e C olch i an Women S ee T h e Fragmen ts .

of S op h ocl es ed A 0 Pe ar s on v ol ii p p 1 5 s qq ; T ragi
, . . .
, . . . .

coru m Gr aecoru rn Fr ag men ta ed A N a c k

2
u
pp 2 04 e gg
, . . , . .

5
Co mpare A pollo n i u s R h o d i u s A rgon iii 4 0 1 s q q 1 1 7 6 , . . .
,

1 0
9
 A PO LLO DO R U S

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’ ’

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,

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7 , p 6 7t 7t ov 7 a

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2
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b
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'
'
.

A s t o t he
1
yok i n g o f the b r aze n f ooted b ull s c omp are ,

P1 n d ar , P y th i v 224 ( 3 9 9 ) s q q A pollon i u s Rh od i u s A rg on
. .
, ,
.

I IO
 A PO LLO DO RU S

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’

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‘
,
-
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7 09 .
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,

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'

,
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T op o v s 7 r o7t 7t o 6s 86 7 e m K oh xwv evr i 7 751! C

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- t :
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' -
.

oi 86 77 70 0 9 6 17 7 6 9 1
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’
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’
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'

p X X 6 77 L77 6 p x r a s
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L ov

1
E R , Wag n e r : o e e vr e s A : 8Lao x 6 96V7 e s He y n e ,
’

We ster mann M ii ll e r : 8 Lax 6 9 6 V7 e s B e kk er : 8 Lax v 6 6 w e s

' '

H ercher .

1
i
A pollo n u s Rh o d a s , A rg on v 1 2 3— 1 8 2 i . i . .

2
Here A pollo d o r u s d e p art s fr o m the v er s o n o f A pollon u s i i
Rh od i u s , a0 0 0 1 d in g t o w h o m A p s y rt u s , l eft eh n d b y as o n b i J
an d M ede a , pu r s u ed the m w th a b an d o f Col ch an s an d , i i ,

i
ov ertak n g the m, w as t re acher ou s ly s l a n y as o n , w th the i b J i
c on n i v an ce o f M ede a ,
in an i s lan d o f t he Dan u b e . S ee
1 1 2
 TH E L IBRA R Y I , . 1x . 2 3- 2 4

w ere yo k ed Aeete s did n ot g i v e the fleece ; fo r he

,

w i s hed t o b u rn d o w n the Ar g o a nd k i ll the cre w .

B u t be fo re h e c o ul d d o so Mede a br o ught J a s o n b y ,

n i g ht t o the fleece an d h a v i n g lull ed t o s l ee p b y h er

,

dr ug s th e dr ag on th at gu a rded it s h e po s s e s s ed her ,

s e l f o f the fleece an d i n J as o n s c o m pa n y c a m e t o the

’

Ar g o 1
.S he was a ttended t oo b y her b r o ther , ,

A p sy rt u s 2
A n d w ith the m th e Ar g o n a u t s p u t t o
.

se a by n i g ht .

Whe n Aeete s di s c o v ered the d a rin g deed s d o ne

b y Mede a , he st arted o ff i n p u r s u it of the s hi p ;
b u t w he n sh e s aw h i m n e a r M ede a mu rdered her ,

br other a nd c u tti n g h i m l i mb fr om l i mb thre w the

p iece s int o the dee p G atheri n g the chi l d s l i mb s .
’

Aeete s fe ll behi n d i n the p u r s u it ; w here fo re h e

t u rn ed b a c k an d h a v i n g b u ri ed th e re s c u ed l i mb s
, ,

of h i s chi l d he c all ed the p l a ce T o mi B u t h e s e n t

,
.

o u t ma ny of the Co l chi an s t o s e arch fo r t h e Ar g o ,

thre ate n i n g th at i f the y did n ot bri n g Mede a t o h i m

, ,

the y s h o ul d s u ffer the p u ni sh me n t d u e t o her s o the y

s e pa r ated an d p u r s u ed the s e a rch i n di v er s p l a ce s .

When the Ar g on au t s w ere al re a d y s a i l i n g pa s t the

Erid an u s ri v er Ze u s s e n t a fu ri o u s s t o rm u pon them
, ,

a nd dr o v e the m o u t of their c o u r s e bec au s e he w as ,

A p ollo n i us Rh od i u s , A rg on A pollo d o r u s . iv . 224 sq .

, 303— 4 8 1 .

s ee ms t o h av e f ollo w ed the acc ou n t g v e n y Ph e re cy d e s i n i b

h i s s e v e n th b
ook ( S ch ol ast on A pollon u s R h o d as , A rgoni i i .

i v 22 3,
. The v er s on o f A p ollo n u s i s f ollow ed y i i b
i
Hy g n u s ( Fab 2 3 ) an d the r p h c po e t ( A rgon au h ca, 1 0 2 7
. O i '

i
A cc o rd ng t o S op h o c l e s , i n h i s p l ay T h e C olch i an
Women , A p s y rt u s was mu rdered i n the p al ace o f A eete s
i i
( S ch ol as t on A pollon u s R h od iu s , A rg on v 22 8 ) an d t h s . i . i
a cc ou n t s ee ms t o h a v e b
ee n acce pt ed b y u r p de s ( M ed ea , E i i
A p oll o d oru s s v er s on o f the mu rder o f A p s y rt u s i s
~
’
i
b
rep e ated v er ally y Z en ob i u s ( v b
u t as u s u al W t h ou t i . b i
a c k n owl ed g me n t .

1 1 3
VO L . 1 .
 A PO LLO DO R U S

6p 8 Lil\7t 6 7 WALiVfl V 69
’

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5
v7 0 0 v 9 7 r LL
p LL77 X6
-
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5 va v 9 196
4 77 6 7 6 7 7 77
7
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'
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h

7 7 17 7r o ev
7 p 7 ou
6 v7 6 9

6 7 9 7 7717 A 75o o ma v 7 61) A \[r z5p 7 o v ¢ 6v ov

’
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p
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p .
2 L

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p , y
wa p a p eLxlr Lip ev m T v pp 7717 LLLv 771
9 0 17 6 7 9 A LLLi77v 617 9 a K Lp /L779 7 70 5 7 077 rye v67L6 v 0 7
’ '
4
,

Ha pa vrh e 617 7
’
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wv O p ¢ e 69 ,

8 6 v a 757 a 9
’ ’
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p 6 7 t p
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8 6 13 0 757 779 666 1/75 LL7 0 7 7 p 69 LL757 Li 9

K a T GO
'

X 5
'

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,

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’

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h

6 56 86 6 7 0 K ai 2 x 67t 7t a LLL Wka / wa i

2

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f
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'

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5
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1
66 V He y n e 6 2 EA .

2
A Ly7‘
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3
E : 76 0 71 1 0 9 61 7 6 : A 7 .

4
77 772 6 717 ERR C : a
A i a la v H e y n e , We s ter mann , M ull er ,

B e kk er , H ercher .

5
p ass E A : 8 6073 Wag n er .

1
Co mp are A p oll on i u s Rh od i u s , A rg on i v 5 7 6— 5 9 1 ; 0 r . .

p h i ca, A rg on au ti ca, 1 1 6 0 s q q .

2
Co mp are A pollo n i u s R h od i u s , A rg on i v 5 9 7 1 7 , wh o
6
-
. .

de s cr ib e s the p u r i fi cat ory r i te s A s u c k i ng p i g w as wa\ ed .

o v er the h o mi c i de s t he n i t s t hre at w as c ut , an d the i r h an d s 7

w ere s p r i n kl ed w i th i t s b loo d S i mi l ar r i t e s o f p u r i fic at i o n .

1 1 4
 APO LLO DO R U S

7 771) 6p6 w 77 77 86 6 6 /
17 6 6 11 6 7 6v 0 L 77 611 7 0 7 9 K 6
p
17 7 0 7 9
1
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'

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'
'

7 7 69 ( Da m / 7 6 9 6 X9 6v 7 6 9 7 7 17 A
p y x a 7 6 7t a ,Bov ma i
b
p 7 c r

7 776 M 7586 La v 6 7 7 777 0 6 1) 7 7 LLp A N LLv 6ov 6 86 .

6 i77 6 v 6 L 777 611 5

7 87 7
5
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’

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6
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.

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f

6 6 6 7 6 7 77 6 7 6 7 5 79 M7786 LLL9 Li z/75569 77 0 6 12 .

HX60 11 7 6 9 86 o o 8 c8
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p
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3
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7

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’
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2
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66 6 0 .

3
M 6 A aV7 i ov s A pollo n u s R h od i u s , A r g on i 1 707 . iv .

7 iov A .

4
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.

11 5
. 1 . .

5
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'
.

1
Co mp are A pollo n i u s R h od i u s , A rg on iv 1 1 06 s q q ; 0 r . . .

p h i ca , A rg on au ti ca 1 3 2 7 s q q , .

2
Co mp are A pollo n i u s R h o d i u s , A rgon iv 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 9 ; . .

O rp h wa A rg on au ti ca, 1 3 4 2 s q q
, .

3
Co mp ar e A pollo n i u s R h od iu s , A rg on iv 1 206 s qq . . .
 TH E LI B RA R Y ,
1 . 15
7 . 2
5
— 2 6

s hi p s ome of the m s ett l ed a t th e Ce rau n i an mo u n

,

t a in s an d s o m e j o u rney ed t o I lly ri a an d c ol on i z ed
,

the A p sy rt i d e s I sl a n d s B u t s om e c am e t o the
.

Ph ae a ci a n s an d fi n di n g th e Ar g o there the y de
, ,

man d e d o f A l ci n o u s th at he s h o ul d g i v e u p M ede a .

H e a n s w ered th at i f sh e a l re a d y k n e w J a s o n he
, ,

w o ul d g i v e her t o h i m b u t th a t i f s h e w ere s ti ll a
,

maid h e w o ul d s e n d her a w ay t o h e r f at h e r 1
How .

e v er Arete w i fe of A l ci n o u s a ntici pa ted ma tter s b y

, , ,

ma rry i n g Mede a t o J a s o n ; 2
he n c e th e Co l chi a n s
s ett l ed d o w n am o n g th e Ph ae a ci a n s an d th e Ar g o
3

n au t s u t t o se a w ith Mede a
p .

S a i l i n g b y n i ght the y e n c o u n tered a v i ol e n t s t o rm ,

an d A po ll o t ak i n g h i s s t a n d o n th e M e l an t i an rid g e s
, ,

fl a s hed l i ght n i n g d o w n s h oo ti n g a s h a ft i n t o the s e a

, .

T he n the y p erceived a n i sl a n d c l o s e a t h an d a nd ,

a n ch o ri n g there the y n am ed it A n aph e bec a u s e it ,

h ad l oom ed u p ( anaph anenai ) u n e x p ected l y S o the y .

fo u n ded an al t a r of R a di an t A poll o an d h a v i n g o ffered ,

s a crifice the y bet oo k t h e m t o fe a s ti n g ; an d tw e l v e

h a n d ma id s w h om Arete h a d g i v e n t o M ede a j e s ted

, ,

m erri l y w ith the chie fs ; w he n ce it i s s ti ll c u s t o ma ry

for th e w o m en t o j e s t a t th e s ac r i fi c e 4 .

Co mpare A poll on i u s Rh o d i u s , A rgon i v 1 7 0 1 — 1 7 3 0

4
. .

O rp h i ca A r gon au ti ca, 1 36 1 — 1 36 7
. Fr o m the de s cr i p t i o n o f
.

A p ollo n i u s w e g ather t h at t he r ai ll er y b et w ee n me n an d
wo men the s e s acr i fice s w as o f a r ibal d ch ar acter ( a ia xp i
at
'

o s

H ere A pollo d o r u s ag ai n de p art s fr o m A p ollo n i u s ,

w h o p l ace s the i n ter v en t i on o f A p ollo an d the ap p e aran ce o f

the i s l an d o f A n ap he after the app r o ach o f the A r g on au ts t o
C rete an d the i r re p u s e b y Talo s M o re ov er A p ollo n i u s te ll s
, .
,

h o w after l e av i n g Ph ae ac i a the A r g o n au t s w ere dr i v e n b y a

, ,

s to r m t o L ib y a an d the S y rte s w here the y s u ffered mu ch

,

h ard s h i p ( A rg on i v 1 2 28 . . T h i s L i b y an e p i s o de i n
the voy ag e o f the A rg o i s n o t i ced b y Di od or u s S i cu l u s
( i v 56
. b ut e n t i re ly o mi tted by A pollo d o r u s
. .

1 1 7
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7 : Sépp a A ,
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1
A s t o T alo s , se e A p ollo n u s Rh o d i u s , A rg o n 1 63 9 i . iv .

1 6 9 3 ; O rp h i oa , A r g on a u ti c a , 1 3 5 8 — 13
60 A g ath arch de s , i n i
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b b
t o h av e ee n a r o n ze mag e o f t h e s u n re p re s e nt ed as a man i
i
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ull s he ad S e e T h e Dy i n g God , pp 7 4 s q ; A B
’
. . . . .

C ook , Z en s , 7 1 8 s qq i
I n h i s acc ou nt o f t h e de ath o f T alo s
. .

i
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7 1 8
 A PO LLO D O R U S
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7 7 4 6
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3 ”
A K LL0 7 0 9 A e g i u s 6 8p6 0 7 0 $ E A .

Co mp are D io d or u s S i c u l u s , i v 5 0 1 ; V al er i u s Fl ac on s ,
1
. .

A rg o n i 7 7 7 s q T h e an c i e n t s b e l i e v ed t h at b ull s b loo d w as
’
. . .

po i s o n ou s S i mi l ar ly The mi sto c l e s w as p opul ar ly s up p o s ed

.

t o h av e k i ll ed h i ms e l f b y dr i n k i n g b ull s b loo d ( P lu t a rch

’
,

T h emzs to cles ,
2
He r na cc o rd i n g t o A poll od o r u s ( i 9
me w as Pe ri me d e ,
a . .

D iod o ru s S i cu l u s c all s h e r A mp h i n o me an d s ay s th at , .

s h e s t abb ed her s e l f aft er c u r s i n Pe l i as ( i v

g .

1 20
 TH E 3
'

LI B RAR Y , I . 1 7. 2 6 -
2 7

I ol c u s h av in g c o mp l eted the w h ol e v oya g e i n fo u r

,

mon th s .

No w Pe l i a s de spa iri n g of t h e ret u rn of the ,

Ar g o n au t s w o ul d h a v e k i ll ed A e s on ; b u t he r e
,

q u e s ted t o be all o w ed t o t ake h i s ow n l i fe an d i n ,

o fferi n g a s a cri fice dr an k free l y of the b ull s bl oo d ’

A n d J a s o n s m o ther c u r s ed Pe l i a s a nd
’

an d died 1
.

h an g ed h er s e l f 2
l e av in g behi n d an i n fant s on ,

Pr o ma ch u s ; b u t Pe l i a s sl e w e v e n th e s on w h om
s h e h a d l e ft behi n d O n h i s ret u r n J a s o n s u rre n
3
.

dered the fleece b u t t h o ug h h e l o n g ed t o a v e n g e ,

h i s wr on g s he bided h i s ti m e At th at ti m e h e s a i l ed .

w ith the chie fs t o the I s th mu s a nd dedic ated th e shi p

t o P o s ei d o n b u t afterw a rd s h e e x h o rted M ede a t o
,

de v i s e h o w he c o ul d p u ni s h Pe l i a s S o sh e re pa ired .

t o the pal a ce of Pe l i a s an d p er s u a ded h i s d a ughter s

t o mak e m i n ce m e a t of th eir father a nd b o i l h im ,

p r omi s in g t o mak e h i m yo u n g a gain b y her drug s ;

an d t o w in their c o n fidence s h e c u t u p a r am an d

m ade it int o a l am b b y b o i l i n g it S o the y be l ie v ed .

her made m i n ce me a t of their father an d b o i l ed

,

h im 4
.B u t Ac a st u s b u ried h i s father w ith the h e l p
3
Co mp are Di o d or u s S i c u l u s , l iv . 50 . .

4
Wi th th i s acc ou n t o f the de ath o f Pe l i as c o mp are Di o
d o r u s S i c u l u s i v 5 1 s q ; Pau san i as v iii 1 1 2 s q ; Z en ob i u s
, . .
,
. . .
,

C en t i v 9 2 P l autu s P s eu d olu s A c t iii 6 6 86 8 s qq

. .
, Ci cer o , . . .
,

D e s en ectu te xx iii 8 3 O v i d M etamorp h ii 2 9 7 3 4 9

, .
, . v .
—

Hy g i n u s Fab 2 4 Th e s to ry o f the fr au d p r ac t i s ed b y M ede a

, . .

o n Pe l i as i s i llu s trated b y G ree k v as e p ai n t i n g s For e x ampl e -

.
,

o n a b l ac k fi u re d v as e the r am i s s ee n i s u i n fr o m the
g s g
-

b o i l i n g c aul dr on w h i l e M ede a an d t he two d au g hter s o f Pe l i as

,

s t an d b y w atch i n g i t w i th g e s t u re s o f g l ad s u r p r i s e an d the ,

aged w h i te h ai red k i n g h i ms e l f s i t s look i n g o n e x p ectan t

-
See .

M i s s J E Harr i s o n Gr eek Vas e P ai n ti n g s ( L o n d on

. .
, ,

p l ate ii ; A B au me i s ter D en kmci l er d es kl as s i s ch en A l ter

'

.
,

tu ms ii 1 2 0 ] s q w i th fi g 1 3 9 4
, . A cc o rd i n g to t he auth o r o f
.
,
. .

1 2 1
 A PO LL ODO R U S
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y ou t h J as on s o l d f a
’
t h e r A e s on a cc o r d i n g t o Ph e r e c
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Si mon i d e s s h e appli ed t h e magi c al r e s t o rat iv e wi t h s u cc e s s
,

t o h e r h u s b an d J as o n A g ai n A e s ch yl u s w r o t e a pl ay c all e d
, .
,

T h e N u rs es of D i on y su s i n w h i ch h e r e l at e d h o w M e d e a ,

s i mil ar l y r e n o v at e d n ot o n ly t h e n u r s e s b u t t h e i r h u s b an d s b y

t h e s i mpl e p r o c e s s o f d e c o c t i on S e e t h e G r e e k A r g u me n t t o .

t h e M ed ea o f E u r ipi d e s an d t h e S ch ol i as t o n A r i s t o p h an e s, ,

K n i g h ts 1 3 2 1 , ( A cc o r d.i n g t o O vi d M e ta m orp h v ii 2 5 1 ,
.

2 9 4 M e de a r e s t o r e d A e son t o y ou t h n o t b y b oili n g h i m b u t
, ,

b y d r ai n i n g h i s b od y o f h i s e ffe t e o l d b l ood an d r e pl ac i n g i t b y
a magi c b r e w ) A g ai n w h en Pe l ops h ad b een kill e d an d
.
,

1 2 2
 A P O LL O DO R U S

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1
. . .

21 S ch oli as t o n E u r ipi d e s , M ed ea 9 an d 2 6 4 Do wn t o a , .

c omp arat iv e l y l at e d at e t h e Co r i n t h i an s u s e d t o o ffe r ann u al

s acr i fic e s an d p e rfo r m ot h e r r i t e s for t h e s ak e of e xpi at i n g t h e

mu r d e r o f t h e ch il d re n S e v en b oy s an d se v e n gi r l s , c l ad i n
.

b l ac k an d wi t h t h e i r h ai r s h o r n , h ad t o s p e n d a y e ar i n t h e
s an c t u ar y o f H e ra o f t h e H e ig h t , w h e r e t h e mu r d e r h ad b e e n
p e rp e t rat e d T h e se c u s t oms f e l l i nt o d es u e t u d e af t e r Co ri n t h
.

w as c ap t u r e d b y t h e R oman s S e e Pau s an i as , ii 3 7 . . .

S ch oli ast on E u r ipi d es , M ed ea, 2 64 ; c omp ar e Ph i l os t rat u s ,

H eroi c a, x x 2 4 . .

2
A cc o r d i n g t o o n e acc ou n t , M e d e a at t e mp t ed t o p oi s on
Th e se u s , b u t h i s fat h e r d as h e d t h e p oi s on c u p fr om h is lip s .

S e e b e l o w , E p i tome, i 5 s q ; Pl u t arch , T h es eu s , 1 2 Di od or u s
. .

S i c u l u s ,
i v 5 5 4 —6
. Pau s an i as , ii 3 8 S ch oli as t on Ho me r ,
. . .

I l xi 7 4 1
. . E u s t at h i u s , C ommen t on D i on y si u s P er i eg . .

1 0 1 7 ; O vi d , M etamorp h vii 4 0 6 — 42 4 Acc o r d i ng t o Ovi d ,

. . .

1 2 4
 T H E L I B RA R Y, I . 1x. 2 8

H ei g h t; b u t t h e Co ri n t hi an s re mo v e d t he m an d

w ou n d ed t hem t o d e at h 1 .

M e d e a c am e b e i n g t h e r e marri e d
to At h e n s ,
an d

t o A e g e u s b o r e h i m a s o n Me d u s A ft e r war d s .
,

h ow e v e r p l ot t in g agai n s t T he s e u s sh e w as d ri v e n
, ,

a fu g i t i v e fr o m A t h e n s w i t h h e r s on B u t h e c on
2
.

q u ere d man y b arb ari an s an d c all e d t h e w h ol e

c o u n t ry u n d er h i m M e d i a an d m archi n g agai n st
3
,

t h e I n d i an s h e m e t his d e at h A n d Me d e a c am e .

u n k n o w n t o Co l chis an d fi n d i n g t h at ,
Aee t es h ad
bee n d e p ose d b y h i s b r ot her Pers e s sh e k i ll e d Per s es ,

an d res t o r e d t h e ki n g d o m t o her fat h e r

4
.

th e p oison w h i ch M ed e a mad e u se of t o t ak e off T h e s eu s was

ac o n i t e .

3
Fo r t h e e t y mol ogy c o mp ar e Di od or u s S i cu l u s iv 55 5
, ,
. .

an d 7 iv 5 6 1 ; S t r ab o xi 1 3 1 0
,
. . p 5 26 ; Pau s an i as ii 3
,
. .
,
.
,
. .

8 ; Eu s t at h i u s , C ommen t on D i on y s i u s P er i eg 1 0 1 7 Hy g i
. .

n u s , Fab 2 7 . .

4
A cc o r d n t o o t h e r s , i t w as n ot M e d e a b u t h e r s on M e d u s
i g
wh o kill
e d P e r se s S e e Di od o r u s S i cu l u s ,
. 56 H nu s, iv . .l ygi
Fab 2 7. C c e r o q u ot e s fr om an ot h e r s e u n n o n L at n
. i wi k w i
g y
t r a ed s ome ne s in li w i
h ch t h e d e os ed A e e t e s i s r e p r e p
s e n t e d mo u r n n i g
h i s f or or n s t at e i n an u n n l an d ki gly
u n man ly i
s t r a n ( Tu scu lan D i sp u t 12 T h e n arr at e
. . iii . . iv
of H ygi n u s h as all t h e a e ar an c e o f b e n d e r e d fr om a
pp i g iv
t r a e d , e rh a s t h e s ame t ra e d fr om h ch C c e r o q u ot e s
g y p p g y w i i .

B u t t h at t r a e d g y i
t s e f w as l
r o b ab l b ased on a G r e e p y k
or igi l na for Di o d or u s S i cu l u s n t r od u c e s h i s s m ar acc ou n t
i i il
i i
o f t h e ass as s n at on o f t h e u s u r e r t h t h e r e mar t h at t h e
p wi k
h s t or of M e d e a h ad b e e n e mb e s h ed and d st or t e d b y t h e
i y lli i
x v g
e t r a a an t f an c e s of t h e t r a e d an s i g i .

1 2
5
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1
A é ywu e v
A e g i u s : A é yop ey A
' '
.

2
MeMa s T z e t z e s , S ch ol on L y cop h r on , 1 7 7 , S ch o li as t on .

Pl at o , T Lmaeu s , p 2 2 A Me x ic ans A . . .

3
T nAoBIx ns T z e t z e s , S ch ol on L y cop h r on , 1 7 7 , S ch oli as t . .

on Pl at o, Ti ma eu s , p 2 2 A : 61: A aoa i m He y n e ( i n t h e
.

t ex t ) 4
avap dc a s B e kk e r , W ag n e r ( mi s p r i n t )
. .

1
A s t o I n ach u s and h i s d e s c e nd ant s , s e e T z e t z e s , S ch ol .

on L y c op h r on , 1 77 ( w h o f o ll o w s A p o ll od o r u s ) ; Pau s an i as , ii .

1 5 5 ; S ch o li as t on E u r ipi d e s , Or es tes , 93 2 ; S ch oli as t o n

.

1 2 8
 BO O K II

I H A V I N G n ow g o n e t hr ou g h t h e fam i ly o f De u
.

c al i on w e h av e n e x t t o s p e ak of t h at of I n ach u s
, .

O c e an an d T e t h y s h ad a s on In ach u s aft er w h o m ,

a ri v er in Ar g os is c all e d I n ach u s
1
H e an d M e l i a .
,

d au g h t er o f O ce an h ad so n s Ph o r on e u s an d Ae g i a
, ,

l e u s A e g i al e u s h av i n g d i e d chi l d l e ss t h e w h o l e
.
,

c ou n try w as c all e d A e g i al i a ; an d Ph oron e u s rei gn i n g ,

ov e r t h e w h ol e l an d aft e r w ar d s n am e d Pe l o o n n es e
p ,

be gat A p is an d N i ob e b y a n y mp h T e l e d i c e A p is .

c o n v e r t e d his p o w er int o a t y r an n y an d n ame d t h e

Pe l op on n ese aft er hims e l f A p i a ; b u t b e i n g a s t ern
t y r an t h e w as c on s p ire d agai n s t an d s l ai n by
Th e l x i on an d T e l c h i s H e l e ft n o chi l d an d bein g .
,

d eeme d a g od w as c all e d S arap i s 2

B u t N i ob e h ad .

b y Ze u s ( an d she w as t h e firs t m o r t al w o man w i t h

w h om Z e u s c oh ab i t e d) a son Ar g u s an d al s o s o s ay s , ,

Home r , I l 22 . i
A cc o r d n
. i g
t o A on , t h e fl h t o f t h e
. pi ig
I s rae t e s f om E t t oo
li r gyp
ac e d u r i n k pl
t h e r e n o f I n ach u s ig
at A r o s g . i
S e e E u s e b u s , P r a ep ar ati o v an g e lu , 1 0 1 0 sq % '

x . . .

On t h e s u b j e c t of Ph o ro n e u s t h e r e w as an an c e n t e c i pi
P h or on i s , o f w i
h ch a fe w e r s e s h a e s u r e d S e e Ep i v vivv .

coru m Gr aecoru m r agmen ta , e d G K n e , F 2 09 s qq

. i k l pp
. . .

2
p ll
A o od o r u s d e n t fi e s t h e A r i e A i s th th e E giv pi wi
t an gyp i
ll pi
b u A s , w h o w as i n t u r n d e n t fi e d th e ra i i wi S pi
s ( S ara i s )
p .

A s to th e E t an A s , s e e H e r o do t u s ,
gyp i pi 1 53 ( w t h W ede ii i i .

mann s n o t e ) ,
’
iii
2 7 and 2 8 A s t o A a as a n ame for
. . pi
l p g
Pe o on n e se or A r os , se e A e s ch u s , S u p p l 2 6 0 s qq ; Pau yl . .

i ii
s au as , 5 7 ; . ch o as t o n Home r , I l
. S li 22 ; T z e t z e s ,i -
. .

S ch ol on L c p h r on , 1 7 7
. t e h an u s s S p
an t i u s , A ma
’ ’
.

1 2 0
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2 “
I a a os A e gi a s La o s A .

1
S e e b e l o w , iii 8 1 . . .

2
Co mp ar e S ch oli as t on E u r ipi d e s , Or es tes , 9 3 2 ; Hygi n u s ,
Fa b .1 45 .

3
A s to A h i s man y e y e s , c omp ar e A e s ch yl u s ,
rg u s an d
S u p p l 30 3 s q q ; S ch oli as t o n E u r ipi d e s , P h oen 1 1 1 6 ; O vi d ,
. . .

M e tamorp h 6 25 s q q .H ygi n u s , Fab 1 4 5 ; S e r vi u s , on

. . .

Vi r gil , A en v 1 1 7 90 ; S c1 1 p to res r eru m my th i caru m Lat1 n 1 ,

’

. .

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1
5 77 W ag n er : He rch e r
5
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2
He y n e ( c omp ar i n g S ch oli as t
on E u r ipi d e s , P h oeni s s ae, B e kk e r He rch e r, , W agn e r
<1>6 p6 11 158ns , A VVe s t er mann .

3
K 6 p1cw111 A e gi a s
'
11 611 71 0 11
5 A .

4
677 6 A 9 0 8 0 a E
. 61 7 6 )\ 9 0 150 a A
' '

1
Co mp ar e A e s ch y l u s , S u p p l 2 9 1 s q q . .
; S ch o li as t 0 11 Home r ,

I 32
 T HE L I BRA RY , II . 1 .
3

an d A c u si l au s say t h at she w as a d au g h t er o f Pi re n .

Ze u s se d u ce d her w hi l e sh e hel d t h e p ries t h ood of

H e ra, b u t bei n g d e t e c t e d b y H e ra he b y a t ou ch
1
t u r n e d I o in t o a w hi t e c o w an d s w o r e t h at he h ad
n o t k n o w n her ; w h e r e fo r e H e s i o d r e mar k s t h at
l o v er s o at hs d o n o t d r aw d o wn t h e an g e r of t h e g od s
’
.

B u t H e r a re q u es t e d t h e c o w fro m Z e u s for hers e l f

an d se t Ar g u s t h e A ll s e ei n g t o g u ar d i t
-
Ph e r e cy d e s .

2
s ay s t h at t hi s A r g u s w as a son o f A r e st o r ; b u t A s cl e p
i ad e s s ay s t h at h e w as a s o n o f I n ach u s, an d C e r c op s
s ay s t h at h e was a s on of Ar g u s an d I s m ene , d au g h
t e r o f As o p u s ; b u t A c u s i lau s s ay s t h at h e w as e ar t h
b or n 3
. H e t e t h e r e d h e r t o t h e o l i v e t ree w hich w as
in t h e g ro v e o f t h e My ce n ae an s B u t Ze u s o rd ere d .

H er m es t o s t e al t h e c o w, an d as H e rm e s c o u l d n o t d o
i t s e cr e t l y bec au se H i e rax h ad b l ab b e d , he k i ll e d
Ar g u s b y t h e c as t of a s t on e 4
w he n ce h e w as c all e d
Ar g i ph on t es 5
H era n e x t se n t a g ad fiy t o i n fes t t h e
.

co w ,
‘5
an d t h e an im al c am e firs t t o w h at i s c all e d

aft e r h er t h e I o n i an g u l f T he n she j o u r n e e d t hr o u g h
y
.

Illy ri a an d h av i n g t r av ers e d M ou n t H ae mu s sh e
cr osse d w h at w as t hen c all e d t h e T hraci an S t rai t s b u t
is n o w c ll e d ft er her t e os p h or u s
a a h B 7 A n d h av i n g .

go n e a way t o S cy t hi a an d t h e Cim m e ri an l an d she

w an d er e d o v er g r e at t rac t s of l an d an d s w am w i d e
s t re t ches o f s e a b ot h in E u rop e an d A s i a u n t i l at l as t
I l ii 1 03 ( wh o c i t e s t h e p r e se n t p as s ag e o f A p oll od or u s ) ;
. .

O vi d , M etamorp h i 5 8 8 s q q . . .

2
Th e p ass ag e of Ph e re cy d e s i s q u o t ed b y t h e S ch oli as t o n
E u r ipi d e s , P h oen i ss ae, 1 1 1 6 .

3
S o A e s ch yl u s , P r omet h eu s , 30 5 .

4
Co mp ar e S ch o li ast o n A e s ch y l u s , P r ometh eu s , 5 6 1 S ch o
l ias t on Home r , I l ii 1 0 3 .
5
Th at i s , s l ay e r of A r g u s
. . .

6
For t h e w an d e r i n g s o f I o , g oad e d b y t h e g ad fl y , s e e
A e s ch yl u s , S u p p l 5 40 s q q , P r ometh eu s , 7 8 6 ( 8 0 5 ) s q q ; O vi d
. . .

M etamorp h i 7 2 4 s qq
. . .

B osp oros , Co w s s t rai t or Ox f o r d

’
-

33
.

1
 A PO L L O D O R U S

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Co mp ar e A e s ch yl u s , P 1 0 meth eu s 8 4 6 ( 8 65 ) s q q ; H e ro d o , .

t u s , ii 1 5 3 , iii 2 7 ; O vi d , M etamorp h i 7 4 8 s qq ; Hygi n u s ,

. . . . .

Fab 1 4 5 . .

2
I s i s, w h om t h e an c i ent s s ome t i me s i de n t i fi e d wi t h I o ( se e
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. re s e n t w i p
c on n e o n b y t h e ch o as t on Home r, I l 4 2 , as fr om t h e
xi S li . i .

S e c on d B oo o f A o od o r u s k p ll
T h e ar e i n s e r t e d b y A e g i u s , . y
Co mme l i n u s , G a e , an d M u e r , b u t o m t t e d b y He y n e ,
l ll i
W e st e r man n , B e e r , He rch e r , and W a ne r kk g .

1 36
 T H E L I B RA RY , I I . 1 .
4

1
s o ns Egyp t u s an d Dan au s b u t acc or d in g t o Eu ri p i
, ,

des he h ad al s o Ce p h e u s an d Phine u s D an au s w as
,
.

se tt l e d b y Be l u s in L iby a an d Eg yp t u s in Arabi a ; ,

b u t Egy pt u s s u bj u g at e d t h e c ou n t ry o f t h e M e l am
od s an d n ame d i t E gyp t aft er hims e l f B ot h h ad
p .

chi l d r e n b y m an y w i v es Egy p t u s h ad fi ft y s on s an d ,

D an au s fi ft y d au g h t ers A s t hey aft er w ar d s q u ar .

r e ll e d c oncer n i n g t h e k i n g d om D an au s fe are d t h e ,

s on s o f Egy p t u s an d b y t h e ad v ice o f A t he n a he b u i l t
,

a shi
p b e in
, g t h e firs t t o d o s o an d h av i n g
p u t his ,

d au gh t ers o n b o ard h e fl e d A n d t ou chi n g at Rh o d es .

h e s e t u p t h e i m ag e o f L i n d i an A t h e n a 2 T hence .

h e c ame t o Ar g o s an d t h e rei g ni n g k i n g G e l an o r
s u rre n d ere d t h e k i n gd o m t o h i m ; an d h av i n g m ad e
3

himse l f m ast e r o f t h e c o u nt ry h e n am e d t h e i n h ab i
t ant s D an ai aft er himse l f B u t t h e c ou n t ry bein g .

1
Th e follo wi n g acc ou n t o f E gy p t u s an d Dan au s i n c l u d i n g ,

t h e s e t t l e me n t of Dan au s an d h i s d au g h t e r s at A r g o s i s ,

q u o t e d v e r b ally wi t h a fe w
, o m i ss i o n s an d ch an g e s b y th e ,

S ch oli as t on Ho me r I l i 42 w h o men t i on s t h e se c on d b ook

, . .
,

o f A p o ll od o r u s as h i s au t h o r i t y Co mp ar e A e s ch yl u s S u p p l .
, .

3 1 8 s qq S ch oli ast on E u ripi d es H ecu b a 8 8 6 an d O estes

.
, , ,
r ,

8 7 2 ; Hygi n u s Fa b 1 6 8 ,
S e r v iu s on Vi r gil A en x 4 9 7
.
,
. . .

2
Co mp ar e He r od o t u s ii 1 8 2 ; M armor P ar l u m 1 5 1 7 , .
' ’
,
—
,

pp 5 4 4 5 4 6 e d C M ii l l e r ( Fr agmen ta H i s to r i coru m
.
, , . .

Gr aecoru m v ol i ) Di od or u s S i cu l u s v 5 8 l
, . . S t rab o x i v , . .
,
.

2 1 1 p 655
.
,
. Eu s e b i u s P r aep am ti o E v an g eli l iii 8
, As , . .

t o t h e w o r s h ip of t h e g o d d e s s s e e Ce c il To rr R h od es i n , ,

A n ci en t T i mes ( Camb r i d g e pp 7 4 s q 9 4 s q I n ,
. .
, .

r e c ent y e ars a chroni c l e o f t h e t e mpl e of Li nd i an A t h e n a h as

b e e n d i s c o v e r e d i n R h od e s i t i s i n s cr i b e d o n a mar b l e s l ab .

S e e C h r B li n k e n b e r g L a C h r on i qu e d LL temp l e L in dl en
.
,

( Cop e n h ag e n ,
3
Compar e Pau s an i as 1 1 1 6 1 ii 1 9 3 s q , . .
, . . .

I
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6A u x e yw o r d s ar e r i g h t ly omi t t ed b y He rch e r an d
. T h e se
W agn e r foll o wi n g Hey n e t h e y are b r ac k e t e d b y C M ii l l e r
, .
,

b u t r e t ai n e d b y W e s t e r man n an d B e kk e r .

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1
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Co m ar e E u r ip id e s , P h oen l s s ae 1 8 7 s qq L u c i an D i al
p , . , .

M ari n v i , Ph il o s t rat u s , I mag i n es , i 8 , S ch ol i as t o n Home r,

. . .

1
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i
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 T H E L I B RA RY , II . 1 .
5

b y El e p h an t i s . A nd Is t r u s g ot H i pp odami a Ch al
c od on g ot Rh od i a ; o t Cl e o at r a ; Ch ae t u s
A g en o r
g p
g o t As t eri a ; Di o c or s t e s g ot
y H i pp o d ami a ; A l ces
o t G l au ce ; Al cme n o r g o t H i pp om e d u s a ; H i pp o
g
t h o u s g o t G or g e ; E u ch e n o r g o t I p h i me d u s a ; H i p
ol t u s o t Rh od e T hese t e n s o n s w er e b e g o t t e n
“

p y g .

on an Arab i an w om an ; b u t t h e m ai d e n s w ere
be got t e n on Ham ad ryad n y m p hs s om e bei n g ,

dau g h t ers o f At l an t i a an d ot h e rs ,
of Ph o ebe .

A g ap t ol e mu s g ot Pirene ; Ce rc e t e s g ot Dor i u m ;
E u ry d am as g o t Ph art i s ; A e g i u s g o t Mn e s t ra
A r g i u s g ot E v i pp e Arche l au s g o t Anax ibi a ;
M e n e mac h u s g ot N e l o T he s e se v en s o n s w e re b e
.

gott en on a Ph o enici an w o man an d t h e m ai d en s on ,

an Et hi o i an w o m an
p Th e s on s o f E g
.
yp t us b
y y T ri a

o t as t heir w i v e s w i t h o u t d r aw i n g l o t s t h e d au h
g , g ,

t ers o f D an au s b y M em p his in v ir t u e o f t h e s imi l ari ty

o f t heir n am es t h u s Cl i t u s g o t Cl i t e ; S t h e n e l u s g o t
S t h e n e l e ; Chry s i p p u s g ot Ch ry si pp e Th e t w e l v e .

s o ns of Eg y p t u s b y t h e N ai ad n y m p h Cal i adn e c as t
l ot s for t h e d au g h t ers o f D an au s b y t h e Nai ad n y mp h
P o l y x o : t h e s o ns w ere E u ry l o ch u s Ph an t e s Peri , ,

s t he n es H erm u s Dry as P ot am on Ci sse u s L i x a s

, , , , , ,

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c as t l ot s for t h e d au g h t ers of D an au s b y Pieri a an d ,

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4
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in w i t h It .
1 c ame t o p as s , t her e fo r e , t h at h e hims e l f
d i e d b y t h at ver
y d e at h B u t b e fo r e his d e at h he
.

m arrie d a w i fe ; acc or di n g t o t h e t r ag ic p o e t s sh e ,

w as Cl y men e d au gh t e r o f Cat re u s ; b u t acc o r d i n g t o

,

t h e au t h o r o f l e Retu r ns 2
she w as P h i l y ra an d ao ,

c o r d in g t o Ce r c op s s h e was H e s i o n e By her h e h ad .

Pal ame d e s O e ax an d N au sime d on , ,

.

I I Lyn ce u s r e i gn e d o v e r Ar g os afte r D an au s an d
.

be gat a s on A b as b y Hy p e r mn e s t ra an d Ab as h ad
3
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o f M an t i n e u s T hese t w o q u arr e ll e d w i t h e ach ot her

.

w hi l e t he y w ere s t i ll i n t h e w o mb an d w h e n t hey ,

w e re g r o wn u p t h e y w ag e d w ar fo r t h e k i n g dom an d 4
,

i n t h e c o u r s e o f t h e w ar t h e y w ere t h e fir s t t o i n v e n t
s hie l ds And Acrisi u s g ai n e d t h e mast e ry an d d r o v e
.

Pr o e t u s fr om Ar g os ; an d Pr o e t u s w e n t t o Ly ci a t o
t h e c ou r t o f I o b at es or as s om e s ay o f A m p h i an ax , , ,

an d m arri e d his d au g h t e r w h o m H om er c all s A n t i aj

’
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b u t t h e t r ag ic p o e t s c al l h er S t he n e b o e a 6 H is .

fat her i n l aw res t o re d him t o h i s ow n l an d w i t h an

- -

1
Se e b e o l w , E p i tome , vi . 7 —1 1 .

2
N os toi , pi c p o e m d e s cr i b i n g t h e r e t u rn o f t h e Home r i c
an e
h e ro e s fro m T roy Se e Ep i coru m G mecoru m Fr agmen ta .
,

e d G K i n k e l pp 5 2 s qq ; He s i o d i n t h i s s e r i e s pp 5 2 4 s q q ;
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D B M on ro i n h i s e d i t i on o f Ho me r O dy s s ey B ks xiii
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. .

xxiv pp 3 7 8 — 3 82
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3 W i t h t h i s an d w h at f oll o w
s c o mp ar e Pau s an i as i i 1 6 2 . .
,

ii 25 7
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4
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w omb an d i n af t e r li fe ( G en e s i s xxv 2 1 C o mp ar e ,
.

R e n d e l Harr i s B oan er g es pp 2 7 9 s q , w h o ar g u e s t h at
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, .

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1
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2 5 8 ; S t rab o , vi i i 6 8 , p 3 7 1
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, . . .

s au i as , ii 7 8 , ii 1 8 4 , V 5 1 0 , viii 1 8 7 s q ; S ch ol i as t o n
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. . . .

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,

Vi rgil , E el vi 48 s qq ; O vi d , M etamorp h xv 3 2 5 s qq ;
. . . . . .

P li n y , N at H i s t xx v 4 7 ; S e r vi u s , on Vi r gil , E e l v i 4 8 ;
. . . . .

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. .

viii 3 2 1 Of t h e s e w r i t e rs , He r od ot u s , Di o dor u s S i cu l u s ,
. . .

an d i n on e p as s ag e ( ii 1 8
, Pau s an i as , s p e ak o f t h e mad . .

n e s s of t h e A r giv e w o me n i n g e n e r al , wi t h ou t me n t ion i n g
t h e d au g h t e r s o f P r oe t u s i n p ar t i c u l ar A n d , acc or d i n g t o .

Di od or u s S i cu l u s , wi t h w h o m P au san i as i n t h e s ame p as s ag e
( ii 1 8 4 ) ag r e e s , t h e ki n g o f A r g os at t h e t i me o f t h e s fi ai r
. .

w as n o t Pr oe t u s b u t A n ax ag o r as , s on o f M e g ap e n t h e s As .

t o M e g ap e n t h es , s e e A p oll od o r u s , i i 4 4 A cc ord i n g t o . . .

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c o w s ; an d S e r vi u s an d Lac t an t i u s Pl ac i d u s i n fo rm u s t h at
t h i s n o t i on w as i n fu s e d i n t o t h e ir mi n d s b y He ra ( J u n o )
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b iu s Cen t . ii . 87 .
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t he y r an t hr o u gh t h e d eser t in th e d is or d er l y
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r o m is e d t o c u re t h e m ai d e n s i f h e s h ou l d rec e i v e t h e
p
t hir d p a r t of t h e s ov e re i gn t
y Whe . n Pr o e tu s

re fu s e d t o p ay s o hi g h a fe e for t h e c u re, t h e
m ai d ens rav ed m ore t h an e v er, an d besi d es t h at , t h e
o t her w o me n r av e d w i t h t hem ; fo r t h e y al s o ab an

d o n e d t heir h ou s e s , d e s t r oy e d t heir o w n chi l d re n ,

an d fl o c k e d t o t h e d eser t . N o t u n t i l t h e e v i l h ad
r e ache d a v ery h i g h p i t ch d i d Pr o e t u s c on se n t t o
a t h e s t i u l at e d fee , an d M e l am p u s p r om ise d t o
p y p
e ffec t a c u re w h ene v er his brot h er Bi as sh ou l d r e
c e i v e j u s t s o m u ch l an d as hi m se l f F e ari n g t h at , i f
.

t h e c u re w ere d e l ay e d , y e t m o r e w ou l d b e d e m an d e d
o f him , Pr o e t u s ag ree d t o l e t t h e h sici an r o cee d
p y p
on t hese t er m s .S o M e l am p u s, t ak i n g w i t h him t h e
mo s t s t alw ar t of t h e y o u n g m e n , ch ase d t h e w om e n
i n a be v y fr om t h e m o u n t ai n s t o S ic y on w i t h sh ou t s
an d a s o r t o f fre n z i e d d an ce I n t h e p u rs u i t I p hi n o e ,
.

t h e e l d e s t o f t h e d au g h t e rs , e x p ire d b u t t h e o t her s
w e r e l u ck y e n o u g h t o b e p u rifie d an d s o t o r e
1 Pr o e t u s g av e t hem i n m arri ag e t o
c ov er t h e ir w i t s .

M e l amp u s an d Bi as , an d aft er w ar d s b e g at a s on ,
M e gap e n t h es .

I I I B e ll er op h on s on of G l au c u s s on of S isy p h u s
.
, , ,

h av i n g acci d e n t all y k i ll e d his br ot h e r D e l iad e s o r as ,

s ome s a P i re n o r as o t h ers w i ll h av e i t A l c i me n e s
y , , , , ,

1
A cc o rd in g t o B acch yli de s ( E p i n i c x 9 5 . .t h e fat h e r
o f t h e d ams e l s v o w e d t o s acr i fic e t w e n t y r e d o x e n t o t h e S u n ,

i f h i s d au g h t e rs w e r e h e al e d t h e v ow w as h e ard , an d on t h e
i n t e rc e s s i on of Ar t emi s t h e ang r y He r a c on s e nt e d t o al l o w
t h e cu re .

1 49
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his w in g e d st ee d P e gasu s offs p ri n g o f M e d u s a an d ,

P o sei don an d soari n g o n hi g h sh ot d o w n t h e Chi m er a

,

fr o m t h e hei g h t 1
A ft e r t h at c on t es t I ob at e s o r d e r e d
.

h i m t o fi g h t t h e S o ly mi an d w hen h e h ad fi n ishe d ,

t h at t as k al s o h e c om m an d e d him t o c o mb at t h e
,

Amaz on s A n d w hen he h ad k i ll e d t h e m al s o h e
.
,

ic k e d o u t t h e r e u t e d b r av e s t o f t h e L ci an s an d
p p y
b ad e t h e m l ay an amb u sh an d s l ay him Bu t .

w he n Be ll e r op h on h ad k i ll ed t hem al s o t o a m an ,

I o bat es in ad mirat i o n o f his p r o w e ss s h o w e d him

, ,

t h e l e t t er an d be gg e d h i m t o s t ay w i t h him ; m o re
o v er he g av e him h i s d au g h t er Ph i l on oe an d d in g
2
y ,

be q u e at he d t o h i m t h e k in gd om .

I V Whe n Acrisi u s i n q u ire d of t h e o rac l e h ow he

.

s h o u l d g e t m al e chi l d re n t h e g od s ai d t h at his ,

d au g h t er w ou l d g i v e bir t h t o a s on w h o w o u l d k i ll
h im 3
. F e arin g t h at Acrisi u s b u i l t a braz e n ch amber
,

1
For t h e c o mb at of B e l l e r op h on wi t h t h e Ch i me ra s e e ,

Ho me r , I l v i 1 7 9 s q q Hes i o d , T h eog 3 1 9 s q q ; Pi n d ar ,
. . . . .

O ly mp xiii 8 4 ( 1 20 ) s qq
. .Hygi n u s , Fab 5 7 . . .

2
A n t i c li a, acc or d i n g t o t h e S ch oli as t on P i nd ar , Ol y mp .

xiii 59 ( 82 ) Casan d ra, acc ord i n g t o t h e S ch o li ast on H ome r ,

I l v i 1 55
. . .

3
Th e foll o wi n g l e g e n d o f Pe r se u s ( ii 4 1 — 1 ) s e e ms t o b e . .

b as e d on t h at giv e n b y P h ere cy d e s i n h i s s e c on d b ook , w h i ch

i s c i t e d as h i s au t h or i t y b y t h e S ch o li ast o n A p oll on i u s
Rh od i u s , A r g on i v 1 0 9 1 , 1 5 1 5 , w h os e narr at iv e ag r e e s
. .

c l ose l y wi t h t h at of A p ollo dor u s Th e n arrat iv e of A p oll o .

d o r u s i s q u ot e d , fo r t h e mos t p ar t v e rb ally , b u t as u s u al
wi t h ou t ac k n o wl e d g me n t , b y Z e n ob iu s , C en t i 4 1 , w h o , . .

h o w e v e r lik e t h e S ch o li as t
,
A p oll on i u s p as se s o ve r
on
i n s il e n c e t h e e pi s o d e o f
A n d r o me d a Co mp ar e T z e t z e s , .

S ch ol on Ly cop h r on , 8 3 8 ( w h o may h av e f oll o w e d A p oll o

.

d or u s ) ; S ch olias t on H ome r , I l x i v 3 1 9 T h e s t o r y of . . .

Dan ae , t h e mot h e r of Pe r se u s , w as t h e t h e me of pl ay s b y
S op h oc l e s an d E u r ipi d e s S e e T r agi coru m Gr aecor u m Fr ag
.

men ta , e d A N auc k , pp 1 4 3 s q q , 1 68 s qq , 4 53 s qq ; Th e
.
z
. . . . .

Fragmen ts of S ophocles , e d A C Pears on , v ol i pp 3 8 . . . . . .

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1
p assag e e n c l ose d i n s q u are b rac k e t s i s p rob ab l y a
Th e
gl os s w h i ch h as cr e p t i n t o t h e t e x t .

n W ag ne r ( c omp ar i ng Z e n ob i u s Cen t
2
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1 4 1 ; T z e t z e s 8 0 71 0 8 on
.
,
7 17 y y ny A
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5 6
 T H E L I B RA R Y, 1 1 . IV . 2

t oot h , an d t hese t h e y p asse d t o e ach o t her in t u rn .

Perse u s g ot p o ssessi o n of t h e e y e an d t h e t oot h , an d

w hen t hey as k e d t h e m b ac k h e s ai d h e w o u l d ,

g i v e t h em u p i f t hey w ou l d sh o w him t h e w ay t o
t h e n y m p hs N o w t h e se n y mp hs h ad w i n g e d
.

s an d al s an d t h e hi bis is w hich t h ey s ay w as a w all e t

,
.

Bu t Pi n d ar an d H esi o d in T h e S h ield s ay o f
1
Perse u s -

Bu t al l his b ac k h ad on t h e he ad of a dre ad mon st er ,

Th e G o r g o n an d r o u nd him ran t h e ki b is is
,
.

T h e ki b is is c all e d b ec au s e d ress an d food are d e

is so

o si t e d i n i t T he h d l s h o f H ad e s
2
p .
y a a o t e ca
p .

Whe n t h e Ph orc i d e s h ad sh ow n him t h e w ay h e ,

gav e t hem b ac k t h e t o ot h an d t h e e y e an d c omin g ,

t o t h e n y m p hs g ot w h at h e w an t ed S o he s l u n g .

t h e w all e t ( h i b is is ) ab ou t h i m fi tt e d t h e s an dal s t o
,

his an kl es an d p u t t h e c ap on his he ad W e ari n g i t

,
.
,

he saw w h o m he p l e ase d b u t w as n ot see n b y ,

o t hers A n d h av in g rec e i v e d al s o fr o m H erm e s an

.

ad am an t i n e sic kl e h e fl e w t o t h e o c e an an d c au gh t t h e

G o r g ons as l ee p T h e y w er e S t h e n o E u ry al e an d
.
, ,

M e d u s a N o w Me d u s a al on e w as m or t al ; for t h at
.

re as o n Pers e u s w as s en t t o fe t ch her he ad Bu t t h e .

G o r gon s h ad he ad s t w i n e d ab ou t w i t h t h e sc al es o f
d rag o ns an d g re at t u s k s l i k e s w i n e s an d b raz e n
’

, ,

h an d s an d g ol d en w i n g s b y w hich t h e y fle w ; an d
, ,

t he y t u rne d t o s t o n e s u ch as b eh e l d t he m S o Perse u s .

1
He s i od , S h i eld of H ercu l es 22 3 s q , .

3
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x eTo Oa z
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1 av T z e t z e s , S c h ol L w h
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r e s t o r e d b y W ag n e r fr om Z e nob i u s , Cent i 4 1 . . .

1 60
 T HE L I B RA R Y ,
11 . w .

k i ll t h e m o n s t er i f h e w o ul d g i v e him t h e r e sc u e d
,

damse l t o w i fe T hes e t erms h av in g b een s w o rn

.

t o Perse u s w i t hs t oo d an d s l e w t h e m ons t er an d
,

re l e ase d An d r ome d a H ow e v er Phine u s wh o w as.

, ,

a br ot h e r of C e p he u s an d t o w h o m An d r o m e d a
,

h ad been fir s t be t r o t he d p l ot t e d ag ains t him ; b u t ,

Pers e u s d isc ov ere d t h e p l o t an d b y sh o w i n g t h e ,

G o r g on t u r n e d him an d h i s fe ll o w c o ns p irat o rs at
o nce in t o s t o n e A n d h av i n g c o m e t o S eri p h u s h e
.

fou n d t h at h i s m ot her an d Dic t y s h ad t ak e n re fu g e

at t h e al t ar s o n acc o u n t o f t h e v i ol e n ce o f P o l
y
d e c t e s ; s o he en t ere d t h e p al ace w here Pol y d e c t e s ,

h ad gat here d his frie n d s an d w i t h av er t e d face h e ,

’

sh o w e d t h e G o rg on s he ad ; an d al l w h o b ehe l d i t
w ere t u rne d t o st o ne e ach in t h e at t i t u d e w hich h e
,

h app e n e d t o h av e s t r u c k H av i n g app o i n t e d Dic t y s

.

k i n g o f S eri p h u s he gav e b ac k t h e s an d al s an d t h e
,

w all e t ( 67 673 73 ) an d t h e c ap t o H e rme s b u t t h e

5 5 5

G or g o n s he ad he g av e t o At he n a H erm es r e s t ore d
’
.

t h e afo res ai d t hi n g s t o t h e n y mph s an d A t h e n a

’

inser t e d t h e G o r go n s he ad i n t h e mi dd l e o f her
shie l d Bu t i t is all e g e d b y s o m e t h at M e d u s a w as
.

beh e ad e d for A t he n a s s ak e ; an d t hey s ay t h at t h e

’

G o r go n w as fai n t o m at c h her s e l f w i t h t h e g o dd es s
e v en i n be au t y .

Perse u s h as t e n e d w i t h D an ae an d A n d r ome d a t o
Ar g os i n o rder t h at he m i g h t beh ol d Acrisi u s .

Bu t h e l e ar n in g o f t his an d d re ad i n g t h e or ac l e
,
1
,

1
T h at i s , t h e o a r c l e w h i ch d e c l ar e d t h at h e w ou l d be
k ill ed b y t h e son of Dan ae . S e e ab o v e , i i 4 l . . .

1 6 1

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H e rch e r , W ag n e r : 7 6 11 7 a7Lfa A , W e s t e r mann : T € v 7 a7u fov , .

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S ch ol on L y w p h r on , 9 3 2 , w h e r e M u ll e r , t h e e d i t or , r e ad s
.

M 1 8 6a $ i n t h e t e x t a u ctorztate A p oll od om, b u t ad d s t h at

’ ’
“

N ostr i Codd cons en ti u nt L77 71 1 756 fa s

5

.
. . .

1
me Te l eb o an s i s d e r i v e d b y t h e w r i t e r
Th e na from telou
T h e s ame f al s e e t mol o y
”
0 6 6 ( 7 77M B h e we n t far “

S t rag0
.
y
i s acc e p t e d b y T z e t z e s ( S ch ol o n L y cop h r on . .

1 64
 T HE L I BRA RY , 1 1 . Iv .
5

A l c ae u s A mphi t ry o n an d a d au g h t e r
h ad a s on

A n ax o b y As t y d ami a d au g h t er of P e l op s b u t s o m e
,

sa he h ad t hem b y Lao n ome d au g h t er o f G u n e u s

y , ,

o t h e rs t h at h e h ad t hem b y H i pp o n ome dau g h t er ,

of M en o e c e u s an d M e s t o r h ad H ip pot h o e b y
Ly s i d i c e d au g h t e r o f P e l o p s
,
T his H i p p o t h o e w as .

c arrie d o ff b y P o sei do n w h o b r ou g h t h e r t o t h e ,

E c h i n ad i an I s l an d s an d t h e re h ad int e rc o u rs e wi t h
,

her an d be gat Tap h i u s w h o c ol o ni z e d Tap h os

, ,

an d c al l e d t h e p e o p l e T e l e b oan s b ec au se he h ad ,

go n e far from his n at i v e l an d A n d T aph i u s h ad a

1 .

son P t er e l au s w h om P os e i d o n m ade imm o r t al b y

,

i mpl an t i n g a g ol d e n h air i n his he ad 2

An d t o .

P t er e l au s w ere b or n s ons t o w i t Ch romi u s Ty ran n u s , , , ,

An t i o ch u s Ch e rs id amas M es t o r an d En c res
, , ,
.

E l e c t ry on m arrie d An ax o d au g h t er o f A l c ae u s 3
, ,

a n d b e g at a d au g h t er A l cmen a
4
an d s o n s t o wit , , ,

S t rat o b at e s, G o rg o p h o n u s, Ph yl on omu s , Ce l ae n e u s ,
Am p him ach u s, Ly s i n omu s, Ch i ri mach u s, A n ac t or,
an d Arch e l au s ; an d aft er t hese h e h ad al s o a
b as t ar d s on , L icy mni u s, b y a Phryg i an w oman
Mi d e a 5
.

sa ys ( x . 2 20 ,
. h at t h e T ap h i an s w e r e fo r me r ly c all e d
p . 459 ) t
Te l e b o an s 2
.S e e b e l o w ii 4 7 , . . .

3
T h u s E l e c t r y on marr i e d h i s n i e c e t h e d au g h t e r of h i s ,

b r ot h e r A l c ae u s ( se e ab o v e ii 4 Si mil arly B u t e s i s s ai d
,
. .

t o h av e marr i e d t h e d au g h t e r of h i s b r o t h e r E r e ch t h e u s ( iii .

15 . an d Ph i n e u s i s r e p o r t e d t o h av e b e e n b e t r ot h e d
t o t h e d au g h t e r o f h i s b r o t h e r C e p h e u s ( ii 4 Tak e n . .

t og e t h e r t h e s e t r ad i t i on s p e rh ap s p oi n t t o a c u s t om o f
,

marr i ag e wi t h a n i e c e t h e d au g h t e r o f a b r o t h e r
,
.

4
A cc o rd i n g t o an ot h e r acc ou n t t h e mot h e r of A l c me na ,

w as a d au g h t e r o f Pe l op s ( E u r ipi d e s H er acli d ae 2 1 0 h er , ,

n ame b e i n g v ar i ou s ly giv e n as L s i d i c e ( S ch oli as t o n Pi n d ar

y ,

O ly mp v ii 2 7
. . Pl u t arch T h es eu s 6 ) and E u r y d i c e , ,

( Di o d o ru s S i cu lu s iv 9 , . .

5
Comp ar e S ch o li as t o n Pin d ar ( Hg/mp v ii , . .

65
 A P O LL O D O RU S

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,

gl oss w h i ch h as cr e p t i n t o t h e t e x t W agn e r d oe s n o t .

b r ac k e t t h e m .

6
p 6x 1r T z e t
0 17z e s 8 6 71 0 1 0 7
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, : 7 70 0

x o w es A .

A cc o r d i n bg t o o t h e r acc ou n t s , h e r n ame w as A n t i b i a
1

( S ch oli as t o n H ome r , I l x i x 1 1 9 ) or A rch i p p e ( T z e t z es , . . J .

Ch i l i ad es , ii 1 7 2 , .

Co mp ar e Ho me r , I l xix 95 — 1 3 3 , w h e r e ( v 1 1 9 ) t h e
5 5

. . .

I li t h yi as , t h e g o dd e s se s o f ch il d b i r t h , are al s o s p ok e n o f i n
t h e pl u r al A cc o r d i n g t o O vi d ( M etamorp h ix 29 2
. . .

t h e g odd e s s o f ch il db i r t h ( Lu c i n a, t h e R o man e q u iv al e n t
of I li t h y i a) d el ay e d t h e b i r t h o f He rc u l e s b y s i t t in g at
t h e d o o r of t h e r oo m wi t h cr os s e d l e g s an d c l as p ed h an d s
u n t il , d e c e i v e d b y a f al s e r e p o r t t h at A l c me n a h ad b e e n
d e liv e r e d , s h e r e l ax e d h e r p os t u r e an d s o all o w e d t h e b i r t h
t o t ak e pl ac e C o mp ar e Pau s ani as , i x l l 3
. A n t on i n u s . .

1 66
 A PO L L O DO RUS

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g ran d fat h e r o f t h e s on s of P t e r e l au s w as w e do n o t k n ow ,

s i n c e t h e n ame o f t h e i r mo t h e r i s n ot r e c o r d e d T h e w or d s .

t h e i r mat e r n al g r an d fat h e r ar e p r ob ab l y a g l os s w h i ch h as
“ ”

cr e p t i n t o t h e t e x t Se e t h e Cri t i c al N ot e A p ar t from t h e
. .

d i ffi c u l t y cr e at e d b y t h e se w or d s i t i s h ard t o s u pp os e t h at
,

E l e c t ry on w as s t i ll r e ig ni n g ov e 1 My c e n ae at t h e t i me o f t h i s
e xp e d i t i on o f t h e s on s o f P t e r e l au s si nce b e i n g a son o f , ,

Pe r s eu s h e w as a b r o t h e r of t h e i r g r e at g r eat g ran d fat h e i

,

M e st or .

1
Co mp ar e A p oll on i u s R h od i u s A rg o n 1 7 4 7 —7 5 1 wi t h t h e
,
. .
,

S ch oli as t n o74 7 T z e t z e s S c h ol on L 7/0 0 p h r0 n 9 3 2

,
.
, ,

w h os e acc o u n t s e e ms b as e d n t h at o f A poll o d r u s
o o .

1 68
 THE L I B RA RY , II . N . 6

t h e y d r ov e way his k in e ; an d w h e n t h e s o n s o f
a

El ec t ry on s t ood on t heir d e fe n ce t hey ch all e n g e d ,

an d s l e w e ach ot h e r 1 B u t o f t h e s o ns o f E l ec t ry on
.

t her e s u r v i v e d L icy m n i u s w h o w as s t i ll y ou n g ;
,

a n d o f t h e s on s of P t e r e l au s t h e re s u r v i v e d E v e re s ,

w h o g u ar d e d t h e shi p s T h os e o f t h e T ap h i an s
.

w h o e s c ap e d s ai l e d away t ak in g w i t h t he m t h e ,

c at t l e t hey h ad l i ft e d an d e n t r u s t ed t hem t o
,

P ol y x e n u s k i n g o f t h e E l e an s ; b u t A m p hi t ry o n
,

r ans omed t hem fro m P ol y x e n u s an d bro u g h t t hem

t o My cen ae Wi shin g t o av e n g e his s o n s d e at h
’

.
,

E l ec t ry o n p u rp os e d t o m ak e w ar o n t h e T e l e b o an s ,

b u t firs t h e c om mi t t e d t h e k in g do m t o Am p hi t ry on
al o n g w i t h his d au g h t e r A l c m e n a bi n d i n g h i m ,

b y o at h t o k ee p her a v irg i n u n t i l his r e t u rn 2

.

H o w e v er as he w as recei v in g t h e c o w s b ac k on e
, ,

o f t he m ch ar g e d an d Am hi t r o n t hre w at h e r t h e
p y ,

c l u b w hich h e h ad in his h an d s B u t t h e c l u b .

r e b o u n d e d fr o m t h e c o w s h orns an d s t ri k i n g ’

El ec t ry o n s he ad k i ll e d h i m H e n ce S t h e n e l u s
’
3

l ai d h o l d of t hi s p re t e x t t o b ani s h Am p hi t ry o n fr o m

Co mp ar e He s i od , S h i el d o f H er c u lw h e re i t i s
es 1 4 s qq , .
,

s ai d t h at A mp h i t ry o n mig h t n o t g o i n t o h i s wi fe A l c me n a
u n t il h e h ad a v e n g e d t h e d e at h of h e r b r o t h e r s t h e s o n s of ,

E l e c t ry on w h o h ad b ee n s l ai n i n t h e fi g h t wi t h t h e Tap h ian s
, .

Th e t r ad i t i on p oi n t s t o a c u s t o m w h i ch e nj o i ne d an av e n g e r
o f b l ood t o ob s e r v e s t r i c t ch as t i t y u n t il h e h ad t ak e n t h e li fe

o f h i s e n e my .

3
A s i mil ar acc o u nt o f t h e d e at h of E l e c t r y o n i s giv e n
b y T z e t z e s S ch o l 0 77 L y cop h r on 9 32 w h o s e e ms t o f o ll o w
,
.
, ,

A poll od o r u s A cc o r d i n g t o t h i s v e r s i on o f t h e l e g e n d t h e
.
,

s l a i n g o f E l e c t ry on b
y y A m p h i t r y on w as p u r e ly acc i d e n t al .

B u t acc o r d i n g t o He s i o d ( S hi e l d of H er cu l es 1 1 s q 7 9 s q q ) , .
, .

t h e t w o me n q u arr e ll e d o v e r t h e c att l e and A mp h i t ry o n ,

kill e d E l e c t ry on i n h ot b l ood C mpar e t h e S ch oli as t on

. o

Ho me r I l x i v 32 3
, . . .

1 69
 A P O L L O D O RU S

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r e c og n i z e d b y S t r ab o ( viii 6 1 1 , p 3 7 3 ) an d S t e p h an u s . . .

B y z an t i u s ( s M 18 6 1 a ) , b u t S t r ab o p r e fe rr e d t h e fo r m M i Be a
.

fo r t h e c i t y i n A r g oli s , an d t h e fo r m M 1 66 1 a for t h e s i mil ar ly

'

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y .

t h e n ame i s 1 ep or t e d t o o cc u r i n t h e f o r ms M 1 86 1 a, M LSe a,
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an d M778 e i a app e ar t o b e t h e b e s t at t es t e d S e e Pau s an i as , .

ii 1 6 2 , ii 2 5 9 , vi 2 0 7 , v i ii 2 7 l , wi t h t h e cr i t i c al
. . . . . . . .

c o mmen t ar i e s of S ch u b ar t an d W al z , o f Hi t z ig an d Bl ii mne r .

T h e e d i t o r s of Pau s an i as d o n o t c o n s i s t e n t ly ad o p t an y o n e
o f t h e se f o r ms For e x ampl e , t h e l at e s t e d i t o r ( F Spi r o )
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ad op t s t h e f o r m M 1 8 6 1 a i n o n e p as s ag e ( ii 1 6 M7786 “: i n a
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s e c on d ( i i 2 5 . M 1 8 6a i n a t h i r d ( vi 2 0
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. K T GLV GL .

3
7 7711 p la 7 p 1 7r \ aL r LL y
i 0 a s V 1 1<7 a NI SS an d e d i t i on s '
Th e
5
. .

V at i c an E pi t ome ( E ) r e ad s as f0 110 W S : 7 771! p la V 1 IL7 LL 5

y
r A a a u i a a s 77 K a7 Li 7 1 17 01 3 7 p 11 rA a0 1 1i 0 a s , c l K ai 8 1 a 7 0 17 7 0 7 p 1 60 7r epo v ' ' '

h vi g m l ipli d i gl
’
17 1 0 13 17 1 A é e o Ga L 7 8V Hpae
4 y
' '

a :
“
a n u t e t h e s n e

n i g h t fi v e f ol d o r t hr e e f o l d , acc o r d i n g t o so me w h o o n t h a t ,

acc ou n t c l ai m for He i c u l e s t h e t i t l e o f T r i es p e i 11 s ( He o f t h e
T hr e e E v e n i n g s ) Th e t i t l e of T r i e sp e r u s i s s i mil ar ly e x
.

pl ai n ed b y T z e t z e s , S ch ol 0 71 L y cop h r 0 71 , 33 Th e mu l t i . . .

pli c at i on o f t h e n i gh t fi v e f ol d app ear s t o b e me n t i on e d b \

n o o t h e 1 an c i e n t W i i t e i C mp ai
o e R “ 11 5 7
1 11 6 1 3 71 77 1 0 771 1 1 . ,

Va ti Land , 98 .

1 72
 T HE L I B RA RY ,
11 . w .
7
—
8

be t ook him C e p h al u s , so n o f De i o n e u s , a t
to
A t he n s an d
, p e r s u ad e d h i m ,
i n r e t u r n fo r a sh ar e

of t h e T e l e b o an s p o i l s , t o b rin g t o t h e ch as e
t h e d o g w hich Pr o cr i s h ad b ro u g h t fr om Cre t e
-

as a g i ft fr o m M in o s 1 for t h at d o g was d es t i n e d
t o c at ch w h at e v er i t p u rs u e d S o t he n , when t h e
.

v i x e n w as ch ase d b t h e d og , Z e u s t u r n e d b ot h of
y
t he m in t o s t on e S u pp or t e d b y his all ies , t o w i t ,
.

Ce p h al u s fr o m Th o ric u s in A tt ic a, Pan o p e u s fr o m
Ph ocis , H e l e u s, son of Perse u s, fro m H e l o s in Ar
o l i s an d Cre o n fr o m T heb e s , Am hi t r on r av ag e d
g , p y
t h e is l an d s o f t h e Tap h ian s N o w , s o l o n g as Ft ere
.

l au s l i v e d , h e c ou l d n ot t ak e T ap h os ; b u t w he n
Co mae t h o, d au g h t er o f P t ere l au s, fall i n g i n l o v e
w i t h Amp hi t ry on , p u ll e d ou t t h e g ol d e n h air fr om
h er fat her s he ad, P t er e l au s d ie d, an d A mp hi t ry on
’
2

s u b j u gat e d al l t h e is l an d s H e s l e w Com ae t h o, an d
.

s ai l e d w i t h t h e b oot y t o T hebes, an d gav e t h e

3

isl an d s t o H e l e n s an d Ce p h al u s ; an d t h e y fou n de d
ci t ies n ame d aft er t hemse l ve s an d d w e l t in t hem .

B u t be fore A m phi t ry on re ache d T hebes , Ze u s

c ame b y n i g h t an d p r ol on g i n g t h e on e n i gh t t hree fol d
he ass u me d t h e l i k e n e s s o f Am p hi t ry on an d b e d d e d
1
A s t o Pr o cr i s , s ee b e l o w , iii 1 5 l . . .

2
Co mp ar e T z e t z e s , S c h ol on L y cop h ron , 9 3 2
. For t h e .

s i mil ar s t o r y o f N i s u s an d h i s d au g h t e r M e g ara, se e b e l ow ,
iii 1 5 8
. . .

3
I n t h e s an c t u ar y o f I s me n i an A p oll o at T h e b e s , t h e
h i st or i an He r od o t u s s aw a t rip od b e ari n g an i ns crip t i o n i n
Cad me an l e t t e r s , w h i ch s e t fo r t h t h at t h e v e s s e l h ad b e e n
“ ”

d e d i c at e d b y A mp h i t r y o n fr o m t h e s p oil s of t h e T e l eb oan s .

S e e He r od ot u s , V 5 9 A mon g t h e b oo t y w as a famou s g ob l e t
. .

w h i ch Pose i d on h ad giv en t o h is son T e l e b oe s , and w h i ch

Te l eb oe s h ad giv e n t o P t e r e l au s Se e A t h e nae u s , xi 9 9 ,
. .

p 49 8 0 Plau t u s , A mp h i tr y o 2 5 8 s q Fo r t h e e xp e di t i on of
. , .

A mp h i t ry o n aga i n s t t h e Te l e b oan s o r Tap h i an s , s e e al s o S t r ab o ,

x 2 2 0 ; Pau s an ias , i 3 7 6 ; Pl au t u s , A mp h i try o , 1 83— 25 6
.
‘
. . . .

I 73
 A P O LL O D O R U S

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1
For t h e d e c e p t i o n f A l c me n a b Z e u s an d t h e b i r t h o f
X
o

He rc u l e s an d I p h i c l e s , s e e He si o d , S Le ld of H erc u l es , 2 7—5 6 ;
Di o d o r u s S i cu l u s , i v 9 ; S ch oli as t on H ome r , I l x i v 3 23 ,
. . .

an d 0 d xi 2 6 6 ; Tz e t z e s , S ch ol o71 L y cop h ron , 3 3 ; H y

. . .

gi nn s , Fab 2 9 Th e s t o ry w as t h e s u b j e c t o f pl ay s b y
‘
. .

S op h oc l es an d E u rip id e s w h i ch h av e p e i is h e d ( T 7 LLc omLm

Gr aecor u m Fmg men ta , e d A N au ck z, pp s qq
. . . .

T h e Fr ag men ts of S op h ocl e s e d A 0 Pe ar s on , i 7 6 , . . .

an d i t i s t h e t h e me o f a w e ll k n o w n c ome d y of Pl au t u s , t h e
A mp h i h y o w h i ch i s e x t an t I n t h at p l a1 ( P1 o l og u e , l l 2 8 q q
,
‘
.

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11 a7 1 a17 7 171 17 7 . .

3
( pa ve b s R : L p B E 3 6 77 6: A
p ay e L
p s 47 0 .

® 6 o~n i ov B e kk e r , He rch e r , W ag n e r : 9 6 6 7 io u E A , He y n e ,
W e s t e r man n , M ii l l er T h i s ki n g s n ame i s v ari ou s l y r e
.
’

p o rt e d b y t h e an c i en ts i n t h e fo r ms (9 60 1 7 1 0 3 an d 9 617 7 1 0 3 I n .

fav ou r of t h e form 9 66 m m, s e e b e l ow , 1 1 7 6 ; Di odoru s . .

S i cu l u s , iv 2 9 2 . I n f av o u r o f t h e f o r m (9 617 7 1 11 1 , s e e b e l o w ,
. .

i i 4 1 2 , ii 7 8 ( w h e r e ® 6 0 7 i ov o cc u r s i n t h e M S S )
. . . . Pau s a .

n i as , i i i 1 9 5 , i X
. . 6 Wh e n w e c on s id e i t h e \ ar i at i on
of t h e M S S o n t h i s p o i n t , t h e e x t r e me s l i g h t n e s s o f t h e
.

d i ffe r e n c e ( a s i n gl e s t r ok e o f t h e p e n ) b e t w e e n t h e t wo f or ms ,
an d t h e app r op r i at e n e s s o f t h e f o r m (9 60 11 1 0 : for t h e n ame o f
a ki n g of T h es piae , we may s u r mi s e t h at t h e t r u e fo1 m i s
(9 617 7 1 0 3 , an d t h at i t s h ou l d e v e ryw h e r e i e pl ace 9 617 7 1 0 1 i n
ou r e d i t i on s of G r e e k au t h o r s T h e r e i s at al l e x e n t s n o
d oub t t h at Di o d o ru s S i cu l u s r ead t h e n ame i n t h i s f or m,
fo r h e s p e ak s O f 6 66 11 1 0 1 as Ba mA e é wv 7 6 ; 671 10 1 1571 0 1) Xcé pa s 7 .

1
7 6
 T HE L I B RA RY , 1 1 . IV .
9
—
1 0

1
ly r e b y Li n u s T hi s Lin u s w as a br o t h e r o f O r p h e u s ;
.

h e c ame t o T h e b e s an d b ec am e a T he b an b u t w as ,

k i ll e d b y H erc u l e s w i t h a b l o w o f t h e l y re ; for
b e i n g s t r u c k b y h i m He rc u l es fl e w in t o a rag e an d ,

s l e w him 2
Wh e n he w as t ri e d fo r mu rd e r H erc u l e s
.
,

q u o t e d a l aw o f Rh ad aman t h y s w h o l ai d i t d o w n ,

t h at w h o e v er d e fe n d s hi m s e l f ag ai n s t a wr o n g fu l
agg re s s o r s h all o fre e an d s o h e w as ac q u i t t e d B ut
g ,
.

fe ari n g h e mi g h t d o t h e l i k e agai n A mp hi t ry o n se n t ,

him t o t h e c at t l e farm ; an d t here h e w as n u r tu re d

an d o u t d i d al l in s t at u re an d s t re n g t h Ev en b y t h e .

l ook o f h i m i t w as p l ai n t h at h e was a s on o f Ze u s ;
for h is b o dy m e as u re d fo u r c u bi t s an d h e fl as h e d a
3
,

gl e am o f fi re fr om his e y es ; an d h e d id n o t miss ,

nei t h e r w i t h t h e b o w n or w i t h t h e j av e l i n .

Whi l e h e w as w i t h t h e herd s an d h ad r e ach e d

his ei g h t e e n t h y e ar h e sl e w t h e l i on o f Ci t h ae r o n ,

fo r t h at an i mal s ally i n g fr om Ci t h ae r on h arrie d

, ,

t h e k i n e o f A m p h i t ry on an d o f T h e s p i u s 4
No w .

1
i
A s t o t h e e d u c at on o f He rc u e s , s e e T h e o cr t u s , 1 04 l i x xiv .

s q q , acc o r d n
. to h om H e rc u e s ear n e d re st n n ot fr om
i g w l l w li g
A u t o c u s b u t fr o m Har p al y cu s , son o f H e r me s
ly .

2
Com ar e Di o d or u s S i c u l u s , i i i 6 7 2 Pau san as ,
p . . i ix .

J T z e t z e s , C h i li ad es ,
. 213 sq ii . .

3
F
ou r c u b i t s an d on e f o ot , acc o rd n t o t h e e ac t me as u r e i g x
me n t o f t h e h s t or an He r o do r u s
'
i See i T z e t z e s , C h i li ad es , . J .

i i 2 1 0 s q ; Ld S ch ol 0 77 I/y cop h r on , 66 2
. . . . .

4
i g
A cc or d n t o an o t h e r acc ou n t , t h e i o n o f C t h ae r o n w as l i
kill l
e d b y A c at h o u s ( Pau s an as , 41 3 Bu t T ze t ze s i i . . J .

( Oh i lzad es , i i 2 1 6 s q ) a r e e s i t h A o od or u s , g
h os e w p ll w
’

. .

acc ou n t o f He rc u e s h e s e e ms t o f o o l ll w .

He y n e , t h ou g h
h e ad mi t s t h at h e h ad n o t b e en c o n s i s t e n t
A n i mo i n g r av ior i b u s occu p a to 71 0 77 f LLL s a ti s cons tan s i n 71 0 0
'

71 0 771 771 6 d e li b e r at e ly p r e fe rr e d (9 60 77 1 0 3 t o 9 617 7 1 0 : “

Ver u m
Lamen n eces s e es t T h e sp i z 71 0 777 6 77 , s i q u i d em T h esp i a d a e d i cta e
'

S e e h i s cr i t i c al n o t e on ii 7 8 ( v ol 1 p
”
su nt fi l i a e . . . . . .

I 77
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A t h e n ae u s , xiii 4 , p 5 5 6 F ; J T z e t z e s , Oh i li ad es i i 2 1 s qq
.
‘ 0
. . , . .

T h e fat h e r o f t h e d ams e l s i s c all e d T h e s t i u s b y Pau s an i as an d

A t h e n ae u s , w h o r e fe r s t o H e rod oru s as h i s au t h o r i t v Se e .

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61 6 Gr aecu l o ap p os i ta su sgoi cor, He y n e
a xow iwy ab Ln ep to .

T h e w or d s ar e at l e as t mi s pl ac e d , i f , as s eems p ro b ab l e ,
La o-r e m
, i s t o b e u n d e r s t o od as appl

as t o 7 51 3 7 a LLal 7 5 s pfva s
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2
aw l/m m Hey n e pr op os e d t o i n se r t 6x efvos or
.

T h e s e n s e s e e ms t o r e q u i r e on e o r t h e o t h e r .

3
l V ag n e r : Lgb b cAgo A Fo r t h e f orm
’
s ee .

i 8 2 , ii 4 8 ( t hr i c e ) , ii
. . . .an d c o mp ar e R \V ag n e 1 , . .

Ep i toma VLLLLLLLn LL, pp 9 8 s q

'

. .

4
Q x a 7\ éa us A I n Home r ( I l i i 5 0 1 ) S t r ab o ( ix 2 26
’ ‘
. . .
. .
,

p an d S t e p h anu s B y z an t i ns ( s m Q x aA e a ) t h e n ame
’
. v . .

o cc u rs i n t h e s i n g u l ar , Home r ) .

Co mp are Di o d o r u s S i cu l u s i v J T z e t z e s , C h zli ades

'

1 ’
, . . ,

ii . A s t o t h e s on s o f He rc u l e s b y M e g ar a , c o mp ar e
b el o w , i i 7 8 T h e an c i e n t s d i ffe r e d c o ns i d e r ab l y as t o t h e
. . .

1 80
 THE L I B RA RY ,
II . IV . 1 1

w ay t o T hebes t o d e m an d t his t rib u t e , H erc u l e s ou t

r ag ed t hem for he c u t o ff t heir e ars an d n oses an d

h an d s an d h av i n g fas t en e d t h e m [b y r op es ] fr om t heir
,

nec k s he t ol d t he m t o c arry t h at t rib u t e t o E r g in u s

,

an d t h e M i n an s I n d i g n an t at t hi s o u t r ag e E r g in u s
y .
,

march e d agai n s t Th e b e s Bu t H e rc u l es h av i n g re .
,

c e i v e d w e a on s fr o m A t hen a an d t ak e n t h e c om
p
man d k i ll e d E r g in u s p u t t h e M i n y an s t o fli g h t an d
, , ,

c om p e ll e d t h e m t o pay d o u b l e t h e t ri b u t e t o t h e
T he b an s A n d i t ch an ce d t h at i n t h e fi g h t Am p hi
.

t ry o n fe l l fi g h t i n g br av e l y A n d H e rc u l es recei v e d .

fr o m Cre on h i s e l d e s t d au gh t e r M e g ara as a p ri z e o f
e r h e h ad t hree s o n s T heri mach u s
1
v al ou r an d b h
, y ,
.

C re o n t i ad e s an d De i co ii n
, B u t Cre o n g av e h i s .

ou n g e r d a g h t er t I hic l s w h al re ad h a d a n
y u o
p e o
y s o ,

I ol au s b y A u t ome d u sa dau gh t er o f Al c at h u s A n d ,
.

Rh ad aman t h y s s o n o f Z e u s m arri e d A l cmen a aft e r

, ,

t h e d e at h o f Am p h i t ry on an d d w e l t as an e x i l e at ,

O c al e ae i n B oe o t i a 2
.

nu mb e r an d n ame s o f t h e ch i l d r e n w h m He rc u l es h ad b y o

M e g ara . A cc o r d i n g t o Pi n dar ( I s th m iv 6 3 s q ) t h e re w e r e . . .

e ig h t o f t h e m E u r ipi d e s s p e ak s o f t hr e e ( H erc u l es Fu r en s
.
,

9 95 S e e S ch o li as t on Pi n d ar I s th m i v 6 1 ( 1 0 4 ) , . .

T z e t z e s S c h ol o n L y c op h r o n 4 8 an d 6 6 3 ; S ch ol i as t on
, .
,

Home r 0 d xi 2 69 ( wh o ag r e e s wi t h A p oll od o r u s an d q u ot e s
, . .

A s c l e pi ad e s as h i s au t h o r i t y ) ; Hygi nu s Fab 3 1 an d 3 2 ,
. .

T h e T h e b an s c e l e b r at e d an an n u al f e s t iv al wi t h s acr i fic e s ,

an d g ame s i n h on ou r o f t h e ch i l d r e n
, S e e Pi n d ar I s th m .
, .

iv 6 1 ( 1 04 ) s qq wi t h t h e S ch oli as t
. .
, .

2
Co mp are Tz e t z e s S ch ol on L y cop h ron 5 0 w h o s ay s
, .
,

t h at Rh ad aman t h y s fl e d fr om Cr e t e b e c au s e h e h ad mu r d e r e d
h i s o wn b r o t h e r He ag r e e s wi t h Pau san i as t h at t h e w o r t h y
.

c ou pl e t ook u p t h e i r ab od e at Ocal e ae ( or Ocale a) i n B oe ot i a .

’

T h e i r t omb w e r e s h w n n ear Hal iar t u s i n Boe ot ia S e e

s o , .

Pl u t arch L y s ander 2 8 Th e g r av e o f A l c me n a w as e x c av at e d
, , .

i n ant i q u i t y d u ri n g t h e Sp ar t an o cc u p at i on of t h e Cad me a
, .

I t was fou n d t o c on t ai n a s mal l b ron z e b r ac e l e t t w o e ar t h en ,

1 81
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Co mme li n u s G al e He y n e W e s t e r
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man n M iil l e r B e kk e r He rch e r : a i ai} A W ag n e r

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. .

w ar e j ar s and a b ronz e t ab l e t i ns cr i b e d wi t h an c i e n t an d
,

u n k n o w n ch ar ac t e r s S ee Pl u t arch D e g em o 8 0 6 7 6 6753 5
’

.
, , .

A d i ffe r e n t s t o ry of t h e marri ag e o f R h ad aman t h y s an d

A l c me n a w as t ol d b y Ph e re cy d e s A cc o r d i n g t o h i m w h e n .
,

A l c me n a d i e d at a g ood ol d age Z e u s c omman d e d He r me s t o ,

s t e al h e r b od y fr o m t h e c offi n i n w h i ch t h e s o n s of He rc u l e s
w e r e c on v e yi n g i t t o t h e g rav e He r me s e x e c u t e d t h e com .

mi s s i on ad r oi t l y s u b s t i t u t i n g a s t on e fo r t h e c orp s e i n t h e
,

c offi n Fe eli n g t h e c offi n v e r y h eavy t h e s on s of He rc u l es

.
,

s e t i t d ow n an d t aki n g o ff t h e l i d t h e y d i s c o v e r e d t h e fr au d
,
.

T h e y t ook ou t t h e s t on e an d s e t i t u p i n a s acr e d g r ov e at
Th eb es w h e r e w as a s hr i ne o f A l c me n a M e an t i me He r me s
,
.

h ad c arr i e d o ff t h e r e al A l c me n a t o t h e I s l an d s o f t h e B l e s t ,

w h e r e s h e w as marr i e d t o R h ad amant h y s S e e A n t on i n u s .

L i b er al i s T r a n fo rm 3 3
,
T h i q ai n t s t o r y i s all u d e d t o b y
s . . s u

Pau s an i as w h o t e ll s u s ( i x 1 6 7 ) t h at t h e r e was n o t o mb o i
, . .

A lc me n a at T h e b e s b e c au s e at h e r d e at h s h e h ad b e e n t u r ne d
,

to s t one .

1 82
 A PO L LO D O RUS

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67 A eg i u s
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1
For t h el ab ou rs o f He rc u l e s se e S op h oc l e s T r ach i n i ae , , ,

1 0 9 1 s qq ; E u r ipi d e s H ercu l es F u ren s 3 5 9 s q q

. 1 2 7 0 s qq, , .
,
.

Di od or u s S i c u l u s iv 1 0 s qq ; Pau s an ias v 1 0 9 v 2 6 7 ,
. .
, . .
, . .

Qu i n t u s S my rn aeu s P os th omer i ea v i 2 08 s qq J Tz e t z e s
, , . . .

C h i li ad es 2 2 9 s q q ; V i r gil A en viii 2 8 7 s qq ; O vi d M e ta
, .
,
. . .
,

morp h ix 1 8 2 s qq ; Hygi nu s Fab 30 . .

, . .

2
A s t o t h e N e me an li o n c omp ar e He s i od Th eog 3 26 s q q ; , , . .

B ac ch ) l 1 d c s E p i m c vi i i n q S op h oc l e s T r ach i m ae 1 0 9 1
' ’

. . .
, ,

s q q ; T h e o cr i t u s x x v 1 6 2 s qq
. Di od oru s S i cu l u s i v 1 1 3 5 L
, ]. .
, . . .

E r at o s t h e n e s C atas ter 1 2 J T z e t z e s C h i li ad es 1 1 2 3 2 s q
, . .
, , .

Hygi nu s Fab 30 A cc or d i n g t o He s i o d t h e N e me an li on w as
, . .
,

b e g ot t e n b y Or t h u s t h e h ou n d of G e r y on u p on t h e mon s t e r, ,

E ch i d n a Hygi n u s s ay s t h at t h e li o n w as b r e d b y t h e M oon
. .

3
A s t o He rc u l e s an d M ol orch u s c o mp ar e T i b u ll u s iv 1 , , . .

1 2 s q ; Vi r gil Georg i i i 1 9 wi t h S e rv i u s s n ot e ; M ar t i al i \
’
. . . .
, , ,

6 4 30 ix 4 3 1 3 ;
.
, . iii . .

4
Th e G ree k s h ad t w o d i s t i nc t w o r d s for s acr i fi c i n g .

acc o r d i n g as t h e s acr i fic e w as 0 6 0 1 e d t o a
g od o r t o a h e ro ,

t h at i s t o a w or s h ip f u l d e ad man
, t h e fo1 111 6 1 s acr i fic e w as
e xp r e s s e d b v t h e v e r b 9 6 1 11 8 l at t e r b y t h e v e r b 6 5 ig 60 5
1 a
' ' L
6 1 1'

1 84
 THE L I B RA RY , II . l v. I z— v . I

A n d sh e t o l d h i m to d w e ll i n T iry n s, serv i n g
Eu ry s t he u s for t w e l v e y e ars an d t o p e r fo rm t h e t e n
l ab ou rs i m p os e d o n h i m, an d s o, s h e s ai d, w h e n t h e
t as k s w e r e acc o mp l ishe d , h e w o u l d b e im mor tal 1
.

V Wh e n H e rc u l e s he ar d t h at , h e w e n t t o T iry n s
.

an d d i d as h e w as b i d b y E u r y s t h e u s F ir s t , B u ry s .

t h e u s o rd e re d h i m t o b ri n g t h e s k i n o f t h e N e m e an
l i o n ; n o w t h at w as an i n v u l n e r ab l e b e ast b e g ot t e n
2

b y Ty p h o n O n h i s w ay t o at t ac k t h e l i o n h e c am e
.

t o Cl e on ae an d l o dg e d at t h e h ou s e o f a day l ab o u rer , -

Mol orch u s ; 3 an d w he n h i s h o s t w o u l d h av e o ffe r e d

a Vic t i m i n s acr i fic e , H e rc u l e s t ol d him t o w ai t fo r

t hir t y d ay s , an d t he n , i f h e h ad re t u r n e d s afe fr o m
t h e h u n t , t o s acrifi c e t o S av i o u r Z e u s , b u t i f he w er e
d e ad , t o s acrific e t o h i m as t o a h e r o 4
A n d h av i n g .

Th e v e r b al d i s t i n c t i on c an h ar d ly b e p r e se r v ed i n E ngli s h ,

e x c e p t b y a p e r i p hr as i s For t h e d i s t i n c t i o n b e t w e e n t h e .

t wo s e e Paus an i as i i 1 0 1 i i 1 1 7 iii 1 9 3 ; an d fo r mor e

, ,
. .
,
. .
,
. .

i n s t an c e s of é y g w i n t h i s s e n s e s e e Pau s an ias i ii 1 8
ya
L
’ ’
L e , ,
. .
,

vi . vii 1 7 8 v ii 1 9 1 0 v i i 20 9 viii 1 4 1 0 an d
. .
,
. .
, . .
, . .

v i i i 4 1 1 ix 5 1 4 1 x 1 8 3 an d 4 ix 3 8 5 x 2 4 (5 ;
. .
,
. . . .
,
. .
,
. .

I nscr ip ti ones G r a ecae i ll eg a r i d is , Gr op ia e, B oeot i ae , e d .

Gr Di t t en b e r g e r ,
. 32, N o 53 p
Fo r i n s t an c e s of t h e
. . .

i
an t t h e s s b e t e en i w
an d é v ay Ke w , s e e H e r o d ot u s , i i 44 .

l
P u t arch , De H er odoti mal ig n i tate , 1 3 ; P t o e mae u s l
He p h ae s t , N ov H i s t i i i ( M y th og rap h i G r a eci , e d A
. . . . . .

W e s t e r mann , Po u , v p . 91 ; ch o as t 0 11 E u r i ll x iii . S li
pi d e s , P h oen i s s a e, 2 7 4 T h e c orr e s on d n n ou n s Ov ma t
. p i g '

an d e v a yLL a r a ar e s i m ar m o se d t o e ach o t h e r il ly pp
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i l
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is u s e d o n o f s acr fic i nly i
t o h e r o es or t h e d e ad i s 6 wr e5w 6 w g -
’ ’
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x pl
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' ‘ ’

t h e sacr fic e s o ffe r e d at A m h i o s t o B r as id as )
i o me t me s p p li . S i
the v
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’
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S e e Ph i l o s t r at u s , H er oi ca , 2 7 an d 2 8 Fo r mo r e e i d e n c e xx . . v
as t o t h e u s e o f t h e s e o r d s , s ee Fr w
Pfi s t e r , D er R el i u i en . q
ku l t i 7n A l ter tu m ( G e s s e n , 1 9 09 i
4 6 6 s qq Com ar e pp . . p
P . F r
o u c a t , L e cu l te d es h é r os ch ez l es Gr ecs ( Par s , i pp .

9 6 , 98 ( f om t h e M é moi r es Ll e l A cad émi e Li es I n scr ip ti on s eL

r ’

B ell es L ettr es v ol - i) , . xli .

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a h u g e b od w i t h ni n e h e ad s e i g h t mo r t al b u t t h e
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de n .By p e l t in g i t w i t h fiery sh aft s h e fo rce d i t t o

c om e o u t an d i n t h e ac t o f d oi n g s o he sei z e d an d
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fas t as o n e he ad w as sm ashe d t her e g r e w u p t w o A .

h u g e cr ab al so c ame t o t h e he l p of t h e hy d ra b y b i t i n g
his foot 1
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,

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, .

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,

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rec k o ne d amo n g t h e t e n b ec au se h e h ad n o t g ot t h e
b e tt er of t h e h y d r a b y hi m se l f b u t w i t h t h e he l p o f ,

I ol au s .

1
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.

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.

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, ,

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, , ,

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.
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h u r t p rov in g inc u rab l e Chir on re t ired t o t h e c av e ,

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.
,

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d ied . Th e res t o f t h e cen t au rs fl e d i n d i ffe re n t

d irec t i o ns an d s ome c am e t o Mo u n t Mal e a an d
, ,

E u ry t i o n t o Ph o lo e an d N ess u s t o t h e ri v er E v e n u s
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2
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. . .

1 49 s q T h e j ar h ad b e e n p r es e nt e d b y Di ony su s t o a
.

c e n t au r wi t h O rd ers n ot t o o p e n i t t ill Her c u l es c ame

( Dio doru s S i cu l u s , i v 1 2 . .

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8 611 0 B e kk e r , He r ch e r ,
Wagn e r : 50 56 16“
3
EA , Pe d i as mus ,

D e H er cu l i s la b or i b u s 5
0 , .

2
wewpax ea z E W ag ne r
, . T h e M SS . a pp ear to r ead w e wp a
’

x e vaz, an d so Hey n e ,
“ 7 e s t e r man n , Mii l le r ,
B e kk e r an d
He rch e r
1
Co mpare Home r , I l 1 1 6 2 9 , wi t h t h e S ch ol i as t ; Pau sa . .

n i as , v l 1 0 , v 3 l an d 3
. . . . .

2
Co mp ar e Bacc h y li d e s , re f e r re d t o b y t h e S ch ol i as t 0 1 1
e
r , 0 d x i 2 95 ; Bacch y li d es , 0 d R C J eb b , p 4 30
. . . . . .

Di odoru s S i cu l u s , i v 3 3 l Pau s ani as , v 1 1 1 8 l . Hy gi n u s

. . . .

Fab 3 3 . .
 T HE L I B R A RY , II . v. —6
5

w hich fl o w e d n e ar e ach o ther he t u rne d t he m in t o ,

t h e yard h av in g firs t made an ou t l e t for t h e w at er

,

t hro u g h an ot her op enin g When A u g e as l e arne d .

t h at t his h ad bee n acc om p l ished at t h e c omm an d o f

Eu ry s t he u s he w o u l d n ot p ay t h e re ward n ay m o re
, ,

he d enie d t h at h e h ad p r omise d t o p ay i t an d o n ,

t h at p o in t he p r ofesse d him s e l f re ady t o s u bmi t t o

arbi t rat i on T h e arb i t rat o r s h av i n g t ak en t heir se at s
.
,

Phy l e u s was c all ed b y H erc u l es an d b ore w i t ne s s

ag ains t his fat her affi rmi n g t h at h e h ad ag reed t o
,

g i v e him a re ward In a rag e A u g e as be fore t h e .

,

v ot in g t oo k l ace o r d ered b ot h Ph l e u s an d H erc u l es

p , y
t o p ac k o u t o f E l i s S o Ph y l e u s w en t t o Du l i ch i u m
.

an d H erc u l es re aire d t o De x a
]
an d d w e l t t here , p
m e n u s at O l en u s 2 H e fou n d De x amen u s o n t h e
.

o in t o f be t r ot hin g p er fo rce h is d au g h t er Mn e s i mac h e

p
t o t h e cen t au r E u ry t i on an d bei n g c all ed u p o n b y , ,

h im for he l p he s l e w E u ry t i o n w hen t h at cen t au r

,

c ame t o fe t ch his bri d e Bu t E u ry s t h e u s w o u l d n o t .

ad mi t t hi s l ab ou r e i t her am o n g t h e t e n all e g i n g ,

t h at i t h ad been p er fo r me d fo r hire .

Th e s i x t h l ab ou r h e e nj oi n e d o n him was t o ch as e
h e S t m h al i an d N o w at t h e ci t
3
aw a t b i r s of
y y p y .

S tym ph al u s in Arc ad i a w as t h e l ak e c all e d S ty mp h a

l i an emb o s o med i n a d e e p w ood To i t c ou n t l ess
, .

A s t o t h e S t y mp h ali an b i rd s , s ee A p oll on i u s R h od i u s ,
3

A rgon ii 1 0 5 2— 1 0 5 7 , wi t h t h e S ch oli as t o n 1 0 5 4 ; Di od oru s

. .

S i cu l u s , i v 1 3 2 S t r ab o , viii 6 8 , p 3 7 1
. . Pau s an i as , viii
. . . .

2 2 4 ; Qu i n t u s S my r nae u s , P os th omer i ca, vi

. 22 7 s qq ; . .

J .T z e t z e s C h i li ades , ii 2 9 1 s q ; H ygi n u s , Fab 2 0 an d 30

. . .

S e r vi u s , on Vi r gil , A 0 71 viii 300 Th e s e fab u l ou s b i rd s w e re

. . .

s ai d t o s h oot t h e ir f e at h e r s lik e arr o w s Compar e D A rcy

’
.

VV e n t w or t h T h o mp so n , Glos s ary of Gr e ek B e s , p 1 6 2 . .

From t h e S ch oli as t on A p oll oni u s R h od i u s w e l e ar n

t h at t h e u se of a b r az e n rat t l e t o fr ig h t e n t h e b i r d s w as
me n t i on e d b ot h b y Ph e re cy d e s an d He l l an i cu s .

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1
In no h e r an c i e n t acc ou n t o f t h e S ty mph ali an b i rd s
ot ,

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,
.

1 9 8
 A PO L LO D O R U S

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For 677 1 0 7 0 0 671 6 77 0 1 w e s h ou l d p e rh ap s r e ad 6 1 0 0 7 0 0 60 6 7 0 1 ,
b y t e ari n g h i m i n pi e c e s Th e mar e s w er e man eat i n g .
-
.

3 1
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1La 6 § A .

4
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VV ag n e r ii v 377p0 17
, A ”
AB377p0 77 He y n e VV e s t e r
,

mann , Mu l l e r , B e kk e r , H e r ch er .

1
As
t o t h e man e at n ma es D o med e s , s e e Diod o r u s
-
i g r of i
S i cu l u s , i v 1 5 3 s q ; Ph i l o s t rat u s , I mag i n es ,
. . 25 Qu n t u s
. ii . i
S my r n ae u s , P os th omer i c a, v i 245 s q q ; z zT e t es , Ch i lia d es , . . J .

ii .2 99 3 0 8 ( w h o s e ems t o ol o
-
f l w p ll r xc p h
A o od o u s , e e t t at h e

p k of
s ea s i l c li as h r
t h e an ma s i n t h e mas u n e o ses , n o t ma e s )
r
S r
t ab o , v ii p 33 1 , fr g . . A
a s 4 4 an d 4 7 , e d i k S pha
Me n e e ; t e . . .

nus B z i t
”
S H gi n u s , F11 6 30 ( w h
nr e s
y a n n s ,
s v A B npa
y . . o .

t h e n ame s of f r h r
ou r cc r g t o
o se s , n o t ma e s ) A o din Di O o u s .

S i cu l u s ( l H e rc u l e s kill e d the T hrac i an ki n g Di ome de s

.

h i ms e l f b y e xp o s i n g h i m t o h i s ow n mar e s w h i ch d e vo u re d ,

2
0 0
 THE L I BR A R Y , 11 . v .
7
—8

Is t h m u s arri ve d at Mar at h on in A t t ic a an d h arri e d

t h e i nh abi t an t s .

Th e ei g h t h l ab ou r he e nj ome d o n him was t o bri n g

t h e m ares o f Di o me d es t h e Thr aci an t o My c e n ae 1
.

Now t his Di ome d e s w as a s on o f Ar e s an d Cy rene ,

an d he w as k i n g of t h e B i s t on e s a v er w ar l i k e
y
-
,

T hr aci an p e o pl e an d he o w ned man e at in g m are s S o

,
-
.

H erc u l es s ai l e d w i t h a b an d o f v ol u n t eers an d h av i n g ,

o v e r ow ered t h e g r oom s w h o w ere in ch ar g e o f t h e

p
man g ers h e dr ov e t h e m ares t o t h e s e a When t h e
,
.

Bi st on e s in arms c ame t o t h e resc u e h e c ommi tt e d ,

t h e mares t o t h e g u ar d i anshi p of Abder u s w h o w as ,

a son of H erme s a n at i v e o f O u s in L o cris an d a

, p ,

mini o n of H e rc u l es ; b u t t h e m ares k i ll e d him b y

d r agg in g h i m aft er t he m B u t H erc u l es fo u g h t agains t
.

t h e Bi st on e s s l e w Di o me d es an d c om p e ll e d t h e res t
,

to fle e A n d he fou nde d a ci t y Ab d er a be s i d e t h e
.

g rav e of Ab d er u s w h o h ad been d on e t o d e at h 2
,

h im . Fu r t h e r , t h e h i s t o ri an t e ll s u s t h at w h e n He rc u l e s
b r ou g h t t h e mar e s t o E u r y s t h eu s , t h e ki n g d e d i c at e d t h e m
t o He r a, an d t h at t h e i r d e s c e n d an t s e xi st e d d o w n t o t h e t i me
of A l e x an d e r t h e G r e at .

2
Co mp ar e S t rab o , v i i p 5 3 1 , frag s 4 4 and 4 7 , e d A
. . . . .

Me i n e k e ; S t e p h an u s By z an t i ns , ”
A BBnpa Ph i l os t r at u s ,
I mag i n es , ii 2 5 . Fr om Ph il os t rat u s we l earn t h at at h l et i c
.

g ame s w e r e c e l e b rat e d i n h onou r of A b d e ru s Th e y com .

p r i sed b oxi ng , w r es t li n g , t h e p an cr at i u m, and al l t h e ot h e r

u su al c ont e s t s , wi t h t h e e x c e p t i on of h or s e rac i n g — no -

d o u b t b e c au se A b d e r u s was s ai d t o h av e b e e n kill e d b y
h o rse s We may c omp ar e t h e r u l e w h i ch e x c l u de d h o rse s
.

fro m t h e A r i c ian g r ov e , b e c au se h or s es w e re s ai d t o h ave

kill ed Hippoly t u s , wi t h w h om Vi r b i u s , t h e t rad i t i on ar y
fou nd e r of t h e s an c t u ary w as i d en t i fi ed Se e Vi rgi l , A en
, . .

vii 7 6 1 7 8 0 ; O vi d , Fas ti , iii 2 65 8 g Wh e n w e r e me mb e r

.
-
. .

t h at t h e T hrac i an ki n g Ly c u r g u s i s s ai d t o h a v e b e e n kill e d
b y h or s e s i n o r d e r t o r e s t o r e t h e f e r t ili t y of t h e l and ( se e
A p oll o d o r u s , i i i 5 . w e may c on j e c t u r e t h at t h e t r adi t i on
.

ZO I
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of th e man
i g mar es of Di ome d e s an o t h e r T hr ac i an ki n g
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w h o i s s ai d t o h av e b e e n kill e d b y h o r s e s p oi n t s t o a c u s t om ,

of h u man s acri fic e p e rf or me d b y me an s of h ors es w h e t h e r ,

t h e vi c t i m w as t rampl e d t o d e at h b y t h e i r h oo f s or t i e d t o
t h e i r t ail s an d re n t as u n de r I f the s acr i fic e w as o ffe r e d as ,

t h e l e g e nd of Ly c u r g u s s u gg e s t s for t h e s ak e of f e r t ili z i n g ,

t h e g rou n d t h e r e ason for t h u s t e ar i n g t h e vi c t i m t o pi e c e s

,

may h av e b e e n t o s c at t e r t h e p r e c i ou s li fe givi n g fr ag me n t s
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 T H E L I B RA RY , II . v .
9

k il led t h e s o ns o f Mi n o s o n t h e s p o t and besie g e d

t h e res t cl o s e l y t i ll t h e y sen t en v oy s t o r e q u es t t h a t
,

in t h e r oom of t h e m u rdere d men he w ou l d t ak e

t wo w h o m he p l e ase d
,
S o he r aise d t h e sie g e an d
.
,

t ak in g o n b oar d t h e s o ns o f An d r og e u s s on of M in o s , ,

t o w i t A l c ae u s an d S t hene l u s he c ame t o My si a t o
, , ,

t h e c o u r t of Ly c u s s on o f D ascy l u s an d w as en t er
, ,

t ai n e d b y him ; an d in a b at t l e b e t w e e n him an d
t h e k i n g o f t h e B e bry ces H erc u l e s si d e d w i t h
Ly c u s an d s l e w m an y am o n g s t ot hers K in g My g d o n
, ,

b r ot her o f Amy c u s A n d h e t oo k m u ch l an d fr om
.

t h e B ebry ces an d g av e i t t o Ly c u s w h o c all ed i t al l ,

H erac l e a .

H av in g p u t i n at t h e h arb ou r o f T hemiscy ra h e ,

recei ved a v isi t fr o m H i pp oly t e wh o i n q u ire d w h y h e ,

w as c ome an d p r o mised t o g i v e him th e be l t

,
Bu t .

H er a in t h e l i k eness of an Am az o n w en t u p an d
d o w n t h e m u l t i t u de s ay i n g t h at t h e s t r an g ers w h o h ad
arri v ed w ere c arr i n g o ff t h e q u een
y S o t h e Am a zo ns .

i n arms ch arg e d o n h orseb ac k d ow n o n t h e shi p .

B u t w hen H erc u l es saw t h e m i n arms he s u s p ec t e d ,

t re achery an d k i ll i n g H i p p ol y t e s t ri p p e d her of her

,

b elt A n d aft er fi g h t i n g t h e res t he s ai l e d aw ay an d

.

t ou ched at T r oy .

Bu t i t ch ance d t h at t h e ci t y w as t hen i n d is t ress c on

se q u en t l y on t h e w r at h of A poll o an d P o sei d on For .

4
i E , Tz e t z es , S ch ol on L y cop h r on , 1 3 2 7 : é s A
s x . .

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Co mp ar e Home r , I l v n 4 52 s q , xxi 4 4 1 —4 5 7 A c cord i n g

1
. . . . .

t o t h e f o r me r of t h e s e p ass ag es , t h e w all s o f T r oy w e r e b u il t
b y Pose i d on an d A p oll o j oi n t l y for ki n g Lao me d on Bu t .

acc o r d i n g t o t h e l at t e r p as s ag e t h e w all s w e r e b u i l t b y
Pos ei d on al o n e an d w h il e h e t h u s t oil e d as a mas on , A p ol l o
,

se r v e d as a h e r d s man , t e n d i n g t h e ki n g s c at t l e i n t h e w o od e d
’

gl en s of I da Th e i r p e r i od of s e r vi c e l as t ed for a y e ar , and
.

at t h e e n d o f i t t h e fai t h l e ss ki n g n o t o n ly d i s mi s s e d t h e t w o
d e i t i e s wi t h ou t t h e s t ip u l at e d w ag e s w h i ch t h ey h ad h one s t l y
e ar n e d , b u t t hr e at e ne d t h at , i f t h e d i d n o t t ak e t h e ms e lv e s
y
o ff, h e w ou l d t i e A p ol l o h and an d f oo t an d s e l l h i m fo r a s l av e

i n t h e i s l an d s n ot h o w e v e r b e f o r e h e h ad l opp e d o ff t h e e ar s
o f b ot h of t h e m wi t h a k n i f e T h u s i nsu l t e d as w e ll as r o b b ed.
,

t h e t wo g o d s r e t i r e d wi t h w r at h and i n d i g nat i on at t h e i r
h ear t s T h i s s t ran g e t al e , t ol d b y Home r , i s all u d e d t o b y
.

Pi n d ar ( O ly mp viii 3 0 ( 4 0 ) . w h o add s t o i t t h e d e t ail

.

t h at t h e t w o g od s t oo k t h e h e r o A eac u s wi t h t h em t o ai d
t h e m i n t h e w o r k of for t i fic at i on ; an d t h e S ch oli ast on
Pi nd ar ( pp 1 9 4 s q e d B oe ckh ) e xpl ai n s t h at , as T r oy w as
. . .

fat e d t o b e c ap t u re d , i t w as n e c ess ary t h at i n b u i ld i ng t h e

wal ls t h e i mmo r t al s s h ou l d b e as si s t ed b y a mor t al , e l s e t h e
c i t y w ou l d h av e b e e n i mp re gn ab l e Th e s ar c as t i c Lu c i an .

t e l l s u s ( D e s acmfi ci i s 4 ) t h at b o t h Ap oll o and Po s e i do n

’

l ab ou r ed as b ri c kl ay e rs at t h e w all s of T r oy , and t h at t h e
s u m o f w h i ch t h e ki n g ch e at e d t h e m w as mo r e t h an t h i r t y

20 6
 A PO L LO D O R U S

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of th e ry i s t ol d wi t h ou t me n ti on of He s i one b y t h e
sto , ,

S e c on d V at i c an M y t h o g r ap h e r ( Fab 1 93 v ol i p 1 38 .
,
. . .
,

e d G H B od e )
. . . T z e t z e s s ay s t h at He r c u l e s i n f u ll ar mou r
.
, ,

l eap e d i n t o t h e j aw s of t h e s ea mon st er an d w as in i t s ,

b el ly for t h re e d ay s h e wi n g an d h ac ki n g i t an d t h at at ,

t h e e n d o f t h e t hr ee d ay s h e c ame f o r t h wi t h ou t any 11 1 11
’

o n h i s h e ad T h e S ch oli as t on Home r ( l c ) t e l l s t h e t al e
. . .

s i mil arl y an d re fei s t o H e ll an i cu s as h i s au t h o r i t y

,
Th e .

s t o r y o f He rc u l e s an d Hes i on e c o rr e s p ond s c l os e l y t o t h at o f

Pe r s e u s an d A n d r omed a ( s e e A p ol l od or u s i i 4 Bo t h , . .

t al e s may h av e o r igi nat e d i n a c u s t om o f s acri fic i n g mai d e ns

t o b e t h e b r i d es o f t h e S e a Comp are T h e M ac A r t and th e .

E v olu ti on of K i ng s , 1 i 1 50 s q q . .

Th e h ors e s w e re giv e n b y Z eu s t o Tr os , t h e f at h er o f
( x an y me d e S e e Home r, I I V 2 6 5 s q q ; Ho mer ic H y mn to
. . . .

A p h r odi te , 2 1 0 s q Pau s an i as , v 2 4 5 A cc ord i n g t o

. . . .

20 8
 T H E L I B RA RY , II . v .
9

S e e in g her e x p o se d Herc u l e s p r o mis e d t o s av e ,

her on c o n d i t i on of recei v in g fr om L aome d on t h e

mare s w hich Ze u s h ad g i v en in c om p ens at i on for t h e
rap e of G anyme d e 1
O n L aome d on s s ay i n g t h at
’
.

he w ou l d g i v e them Herc u l e s k i ll e d t h e m ons t er ,

an d s av e d H e s i o n e Bu t w h e n Laom e d o n w o u l d n ot
.

g i v e t h e s t i p u l at e d r e w ard H e rc u l e s p u t t o se a
2
,

aft er t hr e at enin g t o m ak e w ar o n T r o
y .

And h e t ou ch e d at Ae n u s w her e he w as e n t er t aine d ,

b y Pol t y s A n d as he w as s ai l in g aw ay h e sh ot an d
.

k i ll e d o n t h e A e n ian b e ach a l e wd fe ll o w S ar p e d on , ,

s on o f P o sei d on an d br ot her o f Po l t s A n d h av in g
y .

c o me t o Th asos an d s u bj u gat e d t h e T hraci an s w h o

d w e l t i n t h e i s l an d h e gav e i t t o t h e s o ns o f An d r o
,

g e u s t o d w e l l i n Fr om T h as o s h e p r o cee d e d t o
.

To r one an d t here bein g ch all e n g e d t o w res t l e b y

, ,
’
l oly g o n u s an d T e l e g o n u s s o n s o f Pr ot e u s s on o f , ,

P o sei d on he k i ll e d t hem i n t h e w res t l in g m at ch

,
4
.

A n d h av i n g br o u gh t t h e b e l t t o My ce n ae he gav e i t
t o Eu ry s t he u s .

an o t h e r acc ou n t w h i ch h ad t h e s u pp or t o f a Cy c li c p oe t t h e
, ,

c omp en s at i on giv en t o t h e b e r e av e d fat h e r t oo k t h e s h ap e ,

n ot o f h o r s e s b u t of a g o l d e n vi n e w r ou g h t b y He p h ae s t u s
, .

S ee S ch o li as t on E u r ipi d e s O r es tes 1 39 1 A s t h e d u t y of
, . .

G an y me d e w as t o p ou r t h e re d n e c t ar fr om a g ol d e n b o wl i n
h e av e n ( H omer i c Hy mn to A p h r odi te t h e r e w ou l d b e .

a c e r t ai n s u i t ab i li t y i n t h e b e s t ow al o f a g o l d e n v i n e t o r e pl ac e
h i m i n h i s e ar t h ly h o me .

2
A s t o t h e r e f u sal o f L aome d on t o gi v e t h e h or se s t o
He rc u l e s s e e Ho me r I l v 6 3 8— 6 5 1 xxi 4 4 1 — 4 5 7 ; O vi d
, ,
. .
, . ,

M etamorp h xi 2 1 3 s q q ; Hy gi n u s Fab 69 Lao me d on t w i c e

. . .
, . .

b r ok e h i s w o rd fir s t t o Pos e i d on an d A p oll o and af t e r war d s

,

t o He rc u l es Hen c e O vi d s p e ak s o f
. t h e t wi c e p e rj u r e d “ -

w all s of Tr oy ( M etamorp h xi . .

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He r o d o t u s , i v 8 Pl at o, Gorg i as , 39 , p 4 8 4 B ; Di o d oru s
. .

Sicu l u s , i v 1 7 s q Pau s an i as , i i i 1 8 1 3 , iv 3 6 3 ; Qu i n t u s
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S my rn aeu s , P os th omer i ca , vi 2 4 9 s qq ; T z e t z e s , C h i li ad es , . . J .

ii 3 2 2 3 5 2 ( w h o s ee ms t o f oll o w A p oll od or u s ) S ch oli as t o n

.
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Pl at o , T i maeu s , p 2 4 11 ; Pli ny , N at H i s t iv 1 20 S ol i n u s ,
. . . .

xx i ii 1 2 S e r vi u s , on Vi rgil , A en viii 3 0 0
. . . .

2
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i ii 5 4 , p 1 6 9 ; Pl i n y , N at H i s t i v 1 2 0 ; S ol in u s , xx i i i 1 2
. . . . . .

G ad i r a i s Cad iz A cc o r d i n g t o Pli n y . t h e n ame i s d e

r iv e d fr om a P u ni c w o r d g adi r , me an in g h ed g e Compar e
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T he op i ni o n s o f the anci en t s w e re mu ch d ivi ded o n t h e

1

s u b j e ct o f the P i ll a r s o f H e rcule s S ee Str a b o iii 5 5 .

, . .
,

pp 1 69 1 7 2 Th e u s u al op i n i on a pp a r e n tl y i de n t i fied the m
.
— .

w i t h the r o ck o f C a l p p e ( G ib r a lt a r ) a n d t h e r o ck o f A byl a ,

A bi l a o r A b y l ic a ( Ce u t a) o n the n o rther n a n d s o u th e r n s i d e s
,

o f the s tr a i t s S ee St ra bo iii 5 5 p 1 7 0 ; Tz et ze s .
,
. .
, . .
,

S ch ol on L y cop h w n 6 4 9 ; P l iny N at s
. t iii 4 M e l a 1i
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2 7 ii 9 5 M a r t i a n u s C a p e l l a vi 624
, . F u rth e r i t se ems t o , . .
,

h a v e b een c ommon ly s u ppo s ed th a t b e fo re t h e t i me o f H er

c u le s t h e two c on t in e n t s w e re here j oin e d by a n i s th mu s and ,

th a t the her o c u t th r o u gh t h e i s t h mu s a n d s o cre a t e d the

s tr a i t s S e e Di o d oru s S i cu l u s iv 1 8 5 ; S e n ec a H erc u l es
.
, . .
,

fu r en s 2 35 s qq ; Ld H ercu l es O ctaeu s 1 24 0 P l iny l o ; M el a

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i 2 7 Ma rt i a n u s C a p ell a vi 625 S ome p e op l e h o we v er o n the

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c on t ra r y t h o u ght th a t the s tra i t s were forme rl y w i der a n d

, ,

t h a t H e rc u le s n a r ro w e d th e m t o p 1 e v e n t t h e mon s ter s o f t h e
Atl a n t i c o ce a n i i om bu rs t i n g in t o t h e Me d i terr a n e a n ( Diod oru s
Si c u l u s A n e n t i rel y d i ffe re n t opinio n i de n t i fied the
,

P i ll a rs o f Hei cule s w i t h tw o b r az e n pi l l a rs 1 n t h e s an c t u am
o f H ercule s a t C ad i r a ( C a d i z) on wh i ch w as e n gr a v e d an ,

in s cr ip t ion r e c o rd in g the c os t o f b u i ld in g the t e mp le See .

S t ra bo i i i 5 5 , 1 7 0 ; c o mp a re P l iny N at H is t ii 2 42
. .
, ,
. . . .

wh o s p e a k s o f the c ol u mn s o f H e rc u l e s c on se c1 at e d at
“

G ad i ra F o r o the 1 r e fere n ce s t o the P i ll a r s o f H ercule s s e c

. ,

P in d a r O ly mp iii 4 3 s q N em iii 2 1 I s th m i v 1 1 s q
, . . .
, . .
,
. . .

A t he n a e u s vii 9 8 p 3 1 5 C D J Tz et z e s Ch 1 l1 ades i i 33 9
, .
,
. .
, , .

( wh o h e re c a ll s the pi ll a r s A l y b e an d A b i n n a ) S ch o l i a s t o n
Pl a t o T i maeu s p 24 E ; Diony s i u s Or b is D es m p ti 64 6 8
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11 1 t h th e co mme n t a1 v oi Eu s t at h iu s ( Geog ra h i
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2 1 2
 T HE L I B RA RY ,
11 . v . 1 0

o t h e r at t h e b o u n d ari e s of E u rop e an d L i by Bu t a 1
.

b e i n g h e at e d b y t h e S u n o n h i s j ou r n e y h e b e nt ,

hi s b o w at t h e god wh o i n ad mirat io n of hi s h ardi ,

hood g av e h i m a go l d e n go bl e t i n w hi c h h e c ro s s e d
,

t h e o c e an 2 A n d h av i n g r e ac h e d Ery t h i a h e l odg e d
.

o n Mo u nt A b as H o w e v e r t h e dog p e r c e i v i n g h i m
.
, ,

r u s h e d at h i m ; b u t h e s mo t e i t w i t h hi s cl u b an d ,

Mi n o ed C M uller ii pp 1 0 7
r es , . . A cc o rd in g t o E u s t a
, . .
,

t h iu s C a l p e w a the n a me g iv e n t o the r o ck o f G ib r a lta r

s

by the b a r b ar i a n s b u t i t s G reek n ame w as A l y b e ; a n d the

.

r o ck o f C eu t a was c a lled A b e n na b y t h e b a r b a r i a n s b u t by
t h e G r e ek s Cy n eg e t i c a t h a t i s t h e H u n ter s R o ck H e tell ’
, , . s

u s f u r ther th a t t h e pi ll a r s w re f o r merl y n a me d t h e P i ll a r e s

o f C r on u s a n d af t er w a rd s the Pi ll a r s o f B r i a r e u s
, .

A po ll o d or u s s ee ms t o b e here f ollo w in g Ph e re cy de as
2
s,

w e l e a r n f r o m a p a s a ge w h i ch A t he n a eu s ( xi 3 9 p 4 7 0 C D )
s .
, .

q u o te s f r o m the t h i rd b oo k o f Ph er y d e s as f o ll o w s And ec

H e rcule s drew h i s bo w at h i m as i f h e w o uld s h oo t a n d the ,

Su n b a de h i m g iv e ov e r ; so H ercule s f e a red a n d g a v e ov er .

A n d in r et u r n the S u n b e s t o wed on h i m the g o lde n g ob let

wh i ch c arr i e d h i m w i th h i h o r s e s whe n he s e t through t h s , , e

Oce a n a ll ni ght t o t h e e a s t where the Su n r i s e s T he n , .

H erc u le s j o ur n e y e d in t h a t g ob let t o E y t h i a A nd whe n he r .

was on the op e n se a O ce a n t o ma ke t r i a l o f h i m c a u s ed the

, , ,

gob let t o he a v e W i ldl y on t h e w a v e s H ercule s was a bo ut t o .

s h oo t h i m w i th a n a rr o w ; a n d t h e Oce a n w as af r a i d a n d ,

b a d e h i m g iv e o v e r S te s ich o u s de s cr i b ed t h e Su n e mb a rk
.
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r

in g in a go lde n g ob let th a t he mi ght cr o s s the o ce a n in the

d a rk n e ss o f ni ght a n d c ome t o h is mot h e h i s wedded w i fe - r, ,

an d ch i ldre n de a r See A t he n a e u s xi 38 p 4 6 8 E ; c o mp a re
; ,
.
,
.

Ld xi 1 6 p 7 8 1 D T he voy a ge o f H ercule s in the g o l de n

'

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. . .
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y as i s in the po e ms bo th c a lled H er acl i a wh i ch the y de o t e d

, ,
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,

h i m t o mo u n t a n d re su me h i s d a i l y j o ur n e v a cr o s the s ky s .

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2
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, ,

s o u th e r n S p a in no t t o b e c o n f u s ed w i th the b ette r k no w n
,

A b der a in T hr a ce S e e Str a bo iii 4 3 p 1 5 7 ; Ste p h a n u s .

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,
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h e rd s o f G eryon he was a t t a cked by a gr e a t mult i tud e o f the

,

wa rl i k e n a t i v e s wh o tr i ed t o r ob h i m o f t h e c a t t l e
, Fo r a .

ti me he re p elled th e m w i th h i s bo w b u t h i s s u pp l y o f a rr o w s ,

r u nnin g s h o rt he w as reduced t o gre a t s tr a i t s ; f o r the

gr o u n d b e in g s o f t e a rth affo rded no s t on e s t o b e u s e d as
, ,

mi s s i le s S o h e p r a y ed t o h is fa ther Z eu s a n d t h e god in
.
,

pi t y ra in ed d o w n s t on e s f r o m the s ky a n d by pi ck in g th em
u p a n d h u rl in g the m a t h i s f o e s t h e he r o w as a b l e t o t u r n ,

the t ab l e s on t h e m T he p l a ce whe re t h i s a d v e n t u re t oo k .

p l a c e was s a i d t o b e a p l a in b etwee n Ma r s e i lle s a n d the

R h on e wh i ch w as c a lled the St ony P l a in on a cc o u n t o f the
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v a st q u a n t i t y o f s to n es a b ou t as l a rge as a ma n s h a nd ,
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p r opo s ed t o o mi t t h e s e w o rd s , t o ge t h e 1 w i th t h e p reced in g
m i 7 7117 wana fov x cép av 81 6 71 980 11 , a n d he i s f o ll o wed by He rch ei .

A n ti q R om . . i .o mewh a t s in g u l a r th a t A pol l
I t is s o

d o ru s p a s s e s s o l i ghtl y o v er the e xp l oi t s o f H erc u l e s i n I t al y ,

a n d i n p a rt i cul a r th a t he s a y s no th in g abo u t th o s e a d v e n t u re s
o f h i s a t R o me t o wh i ch the R o ma n s a tt a ched mu ch s i g n ifi
,

c a n ce Fo r the I t al i a n a d v e n tu re s o f t h e her o a n d h i s
.
,

s o j o u r n in R o me s e e Di od oru s S i cu l u s iv 2 0 22 ; Di o ny s i u s
, , .
-

Hal i car n as e n s i s A n ti q R om i 3 4 s q 3 8 4 4 ; P r op e r t i u s
, . . . .
,
-
,

iv 9 Vi rg i l A en viii 2 0 1 s qq O vi d Fas ti i 5 4 3 sq q On
.
°

, . . .
°

, , . .

the pop u l a r i t y o f the w ors h ip o f He i cu l e s in I t a l y s e e ,

2 1 6
 T H E L I B RA R Y I I , . v . 1 0

an d h as t i l y p l u n g in g i nt o t h e s e a s wam ac r o ss t o
Si c i l y an d h av i n g p ass e d t hro u g h t h e n e ig h b o u ri n g
,

c o u nt ry s i n c e c all e d I t al y aft e r i t for t h e Tyrrh e n ian s ,

call e d t h e b u ll italu s c ame t o t h e p l ai n of E ry x

1
, ,

w h o r e ig n e d o v e r t h e E l y mi 2
N o w E ry x w as a s o n .

of Po s e ido n an d h e mi n g l e d t h e b u ll w i t h hi s o w n
,

h e rd s So H e r c u l e s e nt r u s t e d t h e k i n e t o H e p h ae s
.

t u s an d h u rri e d aw ay i n s e ar c h of t h e b u ll He .

fo u n d i t i n t h e h e rd s of E ry x an d w h e n t h e k i n g ,

re fu s e d t o s u rr e n d e r i t u n l e ss H e r c u l e s s ho u l d b e at
h i m i n a w r e s t l i n g b o u t H e r c u l e s b e a t h im t hri c e
, ,

k i ll e d h im i n t h e w r e s t l i n g an d t ak i n g t h e b u l l
'

d ro v e i t w i t h t h e re s t of t h e h e rd t o t h e I o n i an S e a .

B u t w h e n h e c ame t o t h e c re e k s of t h e s e a H e ra ,

affl i c t e d t h e c o w s w i t h a ad fl an d t h e y di s p e r s e d
g y ,

amo n t h s k ir t s of t h e m o u n t ai n s of T hr ac e
g e .

H e r c u l e s w e nt i n p u r s u i t an d h av i n g c au gh t s o me
, ,

dro ve t h e m t o t h e H e ll e s po nt ; b u t t h e r e mai n d e r
w e r e t h e n c e for t h w i l d 3 H av i n g w i t h di ffi c u l t y
.

c o ll e c t e d t h e c o w s H e r c u l e s bl ame d t h e ri v e r S t ry
,

mon an d w h e r e as i t h ad b e e n n av igabl e b e for e h e

, ,

mad e i t u nn av igabl e b y fi ll i n g i t w i t h ro ck s ; an d h e
Diony s i u s Hali carn ase n s i s , A n ti q R om wh o s a y s : . . i . 40 . 6,
A n d in many o ther p a rt s o f I t a l y ( b e s i de s R o me ) p rec in ct s
a re c on s ecr a ted t o the g o d a n d a lt a r s a re s t u p b oth i n c i t i e s
,
e

a n d b e s i de r oa d s ; a n d h a rdl y w i ll yo u fi n d a p l a ce in I t a l y
whe r e the god is no t h ono u red .
”

1
S o me o f t h e a n c i e n t s su ppos ed t h a t the n a me o f I t a l y
w as der iv ed f r o m the L a t i n vi tu l u s a c al f S e e V a rr o “ ”
, .
,

Rer u m R u s ti caru m, ii 1 9 Diony s i u s Halicar n ase ns i s ,

. .

A n ti q R om i 3 5 2 ; c omp a re A ulu s G e ll i u s , x i 1 2
. . . . . . .

2
A s t o He r cu l u s a n d E r yx , s e e Di o do r u s S i cu l u s , iv 2 3 2 . .

Pa u s a ni a s , iii 1 6 4 s q , iv 36 4 ; J T z e t z e s , C h i l i ad es , ii
. . . . . . .

3 4 6 s qq ; i d S ch ol on L y c op h r on 8 66 ; Vi rg i l , A en v 4 1 0
. . .
, . .

s qq . Ser vi u s , on Vi rg i l , A en i 5 7 0 . . .

3
Th e s t o r y w as a pp a re n tl y t old t o a cc o u n t fo r the or i g in
o f w i ld c a ttle in T h ra ce .

2 1 7
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9 11 0 6 1} Hp a .

, m
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6x 7 Ev p v 0 9 6 v 9 7 6V 7 6 7 6 1 1)
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1
T h i s p er io d f o r t h e c o mp l e t io n o f the l a bo ur s o f H erc u le s
i s me n t ion ed a l s o by the Sch o l i a s t 0 11 H o mer ( I l viii 368 ) . .

a n d Tz et z e s ( Ch i li ad es i i 3 5 3 bo th o f wh o m h o we v er
, .
, ,

may h a v e h a d the p re s e n t p a s s a ge o f A po ll o d o r u s b e fo re
t he m I t i s p os s ib le t h a t the p er io d re f er s t o the e i ght y e a r s
’
.

c y cle wh i ch figured p r o min e n tl y in the r e l i g io u s c a l e n d a r of

,

the a n c i e n t G reek s ; f o r e x a mp le the Py th i a n g ame s w e re ,

o r i g in a ll y h e ld a t in te r v a l s o f e i ght y e a r s See G e min u s .

,

E l emen t A s tron viii 2 5 s q q ed C M a n i t i u s ; C e n s o r in u s

. . . . . . .

D e d i e n ata li 1 8 ,I t i s t o b e re me mb ered t h a t the p er io d o f

.

s er vi ce p er f o r med by H ercule s f o r E u r y s the u s w as an e xpi a

t i o n fo r the mu rder o f h i s ch i ldre n ( se e A po ll o d o r u s ii 4 , . .

No w C a d mu s i s s a i d t o h a v e s er v ed A re s f o r e i ght y e a rs as
a n e xpi a t ion f o r t h e s l au ghter o f the dr a g on the o ffs p r in g o f ,

A r es ( s e e A po ll o d o r u s iii 4 B u t in th o s e d ay s w e a re
'

.
, ,
.

t o ld the e t ern a l y e a r c o mp r i s ed e i ght c ommon y e a r s

,

( A p d ll odor u s l c , N o w A poll o s er v e d A d me t u s f o r a y e ar
. .

as a n e xpi a t i on f o r the s l a u ghter o f t h e Cy cl op e s ( A po ll o d o r u s ,

i ii
. b u t a cc o rd in g t o Ser vi u s ( on Vi r g i l A en vii -
,
. .

t h e p er io d o f A po ll o s s er vi ce was n ot on e b ut nin e y e a r s In
’
.

ma k in g th i s s t a t e me n t Ser vi u s o r h i s a u th o ri t y p r ob a b l y , ,

h a d b e fo re h i m a G reek a u t h o r wh o me n t ion e d a n w ampl s ,

e
’
e

as t h e p e r io d o f A po ll o s s er vi c e B u t th o u gh é w ampl
’
. e s

me a n s l i te ra ll y nin e y e a r s the p er io d i n c on s e q u e n ce o f
“ ”
, ,

t h e G reek mo de o f reck onin g w as a ct u a ll y e q u iv a le n t t o e i gh t

,

y e a r s ( co mp a re C el s u s D e di e n atali 1 8 4 Oc ta eteri s fac ta

, , .
, ,

qu ae tu ne en n eater i s v oci tata qu i a p r i mus ej u s an n us n on o ,

q u o q u e an n o T he s e lege n d s a bo u t t h e s e r vi tude
o f C a d mu s A po ll o a n d H ercul es f o r e i ght y e a r s re n der i t
, , ,

p r ob a b le th a t 1 11 a n c i e n t t i me s G reek h o mi c i de s w e i e b a ni shed
fo r e i ght y e a r s a n d h a d d u i i ng th a t t i me t o d o p e n a n ce b \
,

s er vi n g a f o re i g n e r N o w th i s p e r io d o f e i ght y e ai s was
.

c a ll e d a gr ea t y e a r ( C e n sor in u s D e d i e natali 1 8 a nd , ,
.

t h e p e r i o d o f b a ni s h me n t f o r a h o mi c i d e was r egul a rl y a

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a pp le s o f t h e H e s p er i d es s e e
th e Th eog , H e s io d , .

2 1 5 s q ; E u r ipi de s H ercu l es Fu r en s 39 4 s q q ; A p o ll oni u s

.
, , .

R h od i u s A rg on iv 1 3 96 s q q w i th the Sch o l i a s t on 1 396

,
. . .
,

Diod o ru s S i c u l u s iv 2 6 ; P a u s a ni a s v 1 1 6 v 1 8 4 , . . . .
, . .
,

vi 1 9 8 ; E r at o s t h e nes Catas ter 3 ; J T ze t z es Ch i li ad es

. .
, . .
, ,

i i 3 5 5 s qq ; Ovi d M etamorp h i v 6 3 7 s q q ix 1 90 ;
. .
,
. . .
, .

H y g in u s Fab 30 ; id A s tronom ii 3 ; S c h ol i a i n Cass ar i s

, . . . .

Ger man ic i A r atea pp 3 8 2 s q in M a rt i an u s C a p ell a , . .

, ,

ed Fr Ey s se nh ard t ; S cr ip tores r eru m my th icar um L ati n i

. . ,

ed G H B o de vo l i pp 1 3 s q 1 30 ( F i rs t V a t i c an
. . .
,
. . . .
,

M y th o gr a p her 3 8 S e c on d V a t i c a n My th o gr a p h e r
, ,

Fr o m t h e Sch o l i as t o n A po lloni u s R h odi s w e l ea rn u

t h a t t h e s t o r y o f H erc u le s a n d the a pp le s o f t h e H e s p e r
i de s was t o ld by Ph ere cy d e s i n the s e c o n d boo k o f h i s

w or k on the ma rr i a ge o f H er a Th e clos e re s e mb l an c e wh i ch .

the Sch o l i a s t s n a rrat iv e b e a r s t o th a t o f A po llod o ru s s e e m

’
s

t o s h o w th a t her e as in ma ny o th e r p l a c e s o ur a u th o r, ,
°

f o llowed Ph recy d e s T he a ccou n t g iv e n by Ph e e cy d s o f

e . r e

the o r i g in o f t h e gold e n a pp le s i s as follow s Wh e n Z e u s .

ma rr i ed H er a the g o d s b ro u ght p i e se n t s t o t h e b r i d e A mon g

, .

t h e r es t E a rth b r o ught g o lde n ap p le s w h i ch H er a so mu ch

, ,

a d mi red th a t s h e o rd e re d t he m t o b e p l a n t e d m t h e g a rde n
2 20
 T H E L I B RA R Y ,
11 . v . II

H e s p e ri for h e did n o t ack n o wl e dg e t h e l ab o u r

d e s, 1

of t h e c att l e of A u g e as n or t h at of t h e hydra T h e s e .

app l e s w e r e n o t as s o me h av e s aid i n L i b y a b u t o n
, , ,

A t l as amo n g t h e Hyp e r b or e an s 2 T h e y w e r e p re .

s e n t e d by E ar t h t o Z e u s aft e r h i s marri ag e w i t h H e ra ,

an d u ard e d b y an i mmor t al dr ago n w i t h a h u n dr e d

g
h e ad s o ffs pri n g of Typho n an d E c hid n a w hi c h s po k e
, ,

w i t h man y an d di v e r s s or t s of v oi c e s W i t h i t t h e .

H e s p e rid e s al s o w e re o n g u ard t o w i t A e gl e E ry , , ,

thi a ,
H e s p e ri a an d A r e t h u s a So j o u r n e yi n g h e
,
.

c ame t o t h e ri v e r E ch e d or u s A n d Cy c n u s s o n o f .
,

A re s an d Pyr e ne c h all e n g e d h i m t o s i n gl e c o m b at
,
.

A r e s c h ampio n e d t h e c au s e of Cy c n u s an d mar s h all e d

t h e c o m b at b u t a t h u n d e r b o l t w as h u rl e d b e t w e e n
,

t h e t iv o an d p ar t e d t h e c o mb at ant s 3
A n d goi n g o n .

o f the g o d s b e s i de Mou n t A tl as B u t as t h e d a ughte rs o f .

,

A tl a s u s ed t o pi l f er the g o lde n f r u i t s h e s e t a h u ge s e r p e n t ,

t o gu a rd t h e tree Such i s the s t o r y t o ld on t h e a uth or i t y

.
,

o f Ph ere cy de s by E r a t o s t h e n e s H y g in u s ( A s tronom ii
, ,
. .

an d t h e Sch o l i a s t on the A r atea o f G er mani cu s .

2
H ere A poll od o ru s de p a r t s f r o m t h e u su a l v ers ion wh i ch ,

p l a ced t h e g a rde n s o f the H e s p er i de s in the fa r we s t n ot the ,

fa r n o rth W e h a v e s ee n th a t H e rc u le s i s s a i d t o h a v e g on e
.

t o t h e fa r n o rth t o f etch the h in d w i th t h e g o ld e n h o rn s ( s e e

a b ov e ii 5 3 n o t e ) ; a l so he i s re po rt e d t o h a v e b r o ugh t
, . .

f r o m t h e l a n d o f t h e H yp er b o re a n s the o l iv e s p r ay wh i ch w as
t o f o r m t h e V i ct o r s cr o w n a t the O l y mpi c g a me s See P in d a r
’
.
,

O ly mp iii 1 1 ( 20 ) s qq ; P a u s a ni a s v 7 7 c o mp a re
. . . 15 3 ,
. .
,
. .

3
Co mp a re H y g in u s Fab wh o de s cr ib e s t h e i n t e r v e n
,
.

t ion o f M a r s ( Are s ) on t h e s i de o f h i s s on Cy c n u s a n d t h e fa l l ,

o f the thu n derbo l t wh i ch p a rted the c o mb a t an t s y et he s a y s

t h a t H erc u le s k i lled Cy c n u s T h i s c omb a t wh i ch a cc o rd in g
.
, ,

t o A po ll o d o ru s e n ded in dec i s iv e l y w as s u pp os ed t o h a v e
, ,

b ee n fought in M a ced oni a f o r t h e E ch e d or u s w as a M a c e ,

d omi a n r iv er ( H ero d o t u s v i i 1 2 4 Acc ord in gl y we

,
.
,

mu s t d i s t in g u i s h th i s c on te s t f r o m ano ther a n d mo r e famo u s

figh t wh i ch H ercule s f o u ght w i th a not her s on o f Ar e s a l s o ,

c a lled Cy c n u s n ea r Pagasae in T he s s a l y See A poll o d oru s

, .
,

ii 7 7 w i t h t h e n o t e A pp a re n tl y H y g in u s c on fu sed the
. .
, .

t w o c omb a t s .

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T he mee t in g o f H ercule s w i t h the ny mp h s and h i s

1
,

s t r u ggle w i th N er e u s a re rel a ted a l so by t h e Sch o l i a s t on ,

A p o ll o ni u s R h o d i s A rg on i v 1 3 9 6 c i t in g as h i s a u th o r i t y
u , . .
,

Ph e recy d e s wh o m A p oll o d o ru s a l s o p ro b a b l y fo ll o w s
,
T he .

t r a n s fo r ma t ion s o f t h e r eluct a n t s a g o d N ere u s in h i s e n c

c o u n ter w i th H erc u le s a re l i ke th os e o f t h rel u cta n t s e a g o d e

Pr o te u s in h i s e n c o u n ter w i t h M e n el au s ( H omer 0 d iv 3 5 4 , . .

5 70 7 a n d t h o e o f t h e r e luct a n t se a g o dde s s T het i s w i t h her

,
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2
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s qq w i th the Sch ol i as t on 5 2 ( 87 ) a n d 5 4
.
, Di od or us

S i lu
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, . . r u .

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, .

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. .
, , . .

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. .

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.

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,
.

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, . .
,
. . .

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.
, , .
, ,

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. . . .
, ,

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. .
, ,
. .

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.
, , ,

l i ke A poll o d o ru s a llege a nin e o r e i ght y e a r s de a rth 0 1

,
’

d r o u gh t as the c a u s e o f the h u ma n s a cr i fic e s in s t i t u ted b \

B u si r i s T h e i r a cc ou n t may b e der iv ed f r o m Ph er ecy d e s
.
,

wh o i s the a u th o r i t y c i ted by the Sch o l i a s t on A po ll o

ni u s R ho d i as H y g in u s ( Fab 5 6 ) a dd s th a t t h e .

s eer P h ras i u s w h o a d vi s ed th e s a cr i fice w as a b r o th e r o f

, ,

P y g ma l ion H er o do t u s w i th out me n t ionin g B u s i r i s s c o ut s

.
, ,

t h e s t o r y on t h e gr o u n d th a t h u ma n s a cr i fice s were ut t erl y

a l i e n t o t h e s pi r i t o f E g yp t i a n rel i g ion ( H er o d otu s ii ,
.

I s o cr a te s a l so d i s cr e d i ted t h e tr a d i t ion in s o fa r as i t r el a te s ,

t o H ercule s b ec a u s e H ercul e s w as f o u r ge n era t i on s yo u n ge 1

, ,

an d B u s i r i s mo re th a n tw o hu n dr e d y e a r s o ld e r th a n P er s eu s ,
.

See I s o c rat e s B 7 1 s7 r7 s 1 5 Y e t t here a re gr o u n d s f o r th in k

,
°

, .

in g th a t t h e G reek tr a d i t ion w as s u b s t a n t i a ll y c o rrect F o r .

M a n eth o o ur h i gh e s t a n c i e n t au th o ri t y defi ni tel y a ffi r med

, ,

t h a t i n the c i t y o f I l i th yi a i t w as cu s t o ma r y t o b u r n a l iv e
“
T yp h oni a n me n a n d t o s c a t ter t he i r a s h e s by me an s o f
w inno w in g fa n s ( Plu t a rch I s i s et Os i ri s T he s e T V , ,
“

p h on i an me n were red h a i red b ec au s e T yp h on t h e E g y p t i a n

’’
, ,

e mbod i me n t o f e vi l w as al s o red h a i red ( Plut a rch , 61 ,

0 3 7 77 3 3 0 a n d , B u t red h a i red me n w ou ld c o mmo n l y b e

fo re i g n er s in c on tr a s t t o the b l a ck h a i red n a t iv e s o f Egyp t
,
-

a n d i t w as j u s t fo re i g n er s wh o a cc o rd in g t o G reek t r a d i t ion , ,

2 2 4
 T H E L I B RA R Y I I ,
. v . 1 1

w as t h e n r u l e d by B u s iri s
s o n of Po s e ido n by ,
1
a
Ly s ian as sa d au gh t e r of E p aph u s T hi s B u s iri s u s e d
, .

t o s ac rifi c e s t ran ge rs o n an al t ar of Z e u s i n ac c ord an c e

w i t h a c e r t ai n orac l e For E gyp t w as v i s i t e d w i t h .

d e ar t h for n i n e y e ars an d Ph ras i u s a l e ar n e d s e e r , ,

w ho h ad c o me fro m Cypr u s s aid t h at t h e d e ar t h ,

were ch o e n as vi ct i ms Diod o u s S i c l poin ts th i s t

s . r u us ou

( i 88 5 ) in c on fir ma t ion o f the G reek tr a d i t ion a n d he tell s

. .
,

u s th a t the red h a i red m n w e re s a cr i ficed at the gr a v e o f -

e

Os i r i th o ugh th i s s t a te me n t may b e a n in f ere n ce f ro m h i s

s,

ety mo l o g y o f t h e n ame B u s i r i wh i ch he e xp l a in s to me a n s,

gra v e o f Os i ri T he et y mo l o gy i c o rrec t B s i r i s b e in g
s . s , u

a G reek re n der in g o f the E g yp t i a n b u A s i i p l a ce o f - -

r ,
“

Os i r i s See A W i e d mann H er od ts Z wei t B u ch ( Le ip s i c

.
”
. e ,
o es ,

p 2 1 3 P o rp h y r y in f o r m s
. . the a u t h o r i t y o f s u ,
0 11

M a n e t h o th a t the E g yp t i a n cu s t o m o f s a cr i fic in g h u ma n
,

b e in g s at t h e Ci t y o f t h Su n was pp re ed b y A mo i s e su ss s

( A masi s ) wh o o rdered w a x e n e ffi g i e s t o b e s u b t i t ut e d f o r
, s

t h e vi c t i m H e a dd s th a t the hu ma n i ct i m u ed t o b
s . v s s e

e x a min ed ju s t l i ke c a l v e s fo r the sa cr i fice a n d t h a t the y were ,

s e a led in t o ke n o f the i r fi t n e s s f o r the a l t a r See P o r p h y r y .

,

D e ab s ti n n ti a iii 3 5 Se x tu E mpi r i n s e v e n S p e a k s o f
e , . . s o

hu man a cr i fice in E g yp t as i f t he y were p r a ct i s ed d o w n t o

s s

h i s o w n t i me wh i ch w a ab o u t 2 00 A D , See Se x t u s E mp i r i s . .

c s p 1 7 3 ed B ek ker
u , . Seleuc u s wr o te a s p ec i a l t re a t i s e 0
, . . 11

hu ma n s a cr i fice s in E gyp t ( Athe n a eu iv 72 p 1 72 D) I n s, .

, . .

vi ew o f the e fa c t s the G reek tr a d i t ion t h a t t h s a cr i fice s

s , e

were o ffered in o rd er t o re t o re the f ert i l i t y o f the l a n d o r t s o

p r o cu r e r a in af t er a l on g dr o ught a n d th a t on on e o cc a s ion ,

t h e k in g h i ms el f w as the vi c t i m may b e n o t w i t h o ut s i g n i fi ,

c a n ce F r k in g s o r ch i e f h a v e b ee n o f t e n s a cr i ficed u n der
. o s

s i mi l a r c i rcu ms t a n ce s ( se e A po ll o d o ru s iii 5 l A don i s A tti s , . .

, ,

O i r i s 3 r d ed ii 9 7 q q ; Th M ag i c A r t an d th e E volu
s , . . s . e
ti on of K i n g s i 3 4 4 s q q 3 52 s qq ) a n d i n a n c i e n t Eg yp t the
, . .
, .

ruler s a re defi ni t el y s a i d t o h a v e b ee n held re s pon s i b l e f o r t h e

fa i lure of t h e cr op s ( A mmi a n M a rcell in u xxviii 5 1 4 ) us s, . .

he n ce i t w o u ld no t b e s urp r i s in g i f in e x t re me c a s e s the y
were p u t to de a th B u s i r i s w as the th e me of a S a ty r i c p l a y .

b y Eu r ipi de s See T ag i coru rn G aecoru m Frag men ta ed

. r r , .

A N a k pp 45 2 q
. uc
2
, . s .

2 2
5
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 A P O L LO D O R U S

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d o i av E R d a i a s A .

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1
T he Sch o l i a s t on A po ll on i u s R h od i u s ( A rg on i v 1 3 96 ) . .

c a l l s h im I p h i d a ma s a n d a dd s the hera ld Ch al b e s a n d the

,

a t te n d a n t s t o t h e l i s t o f th o s e s l a in by H erc u le s .

2
Th e r my d r a i s the f o r m o f the n ame g iv e n by S t e p h a n u s
B y za n t i n e I n h i s a cc o u n t o f t h i s in c i de n t Tz et z e s c a ll s
t h e h a r bo u r T h e r my d r on ( C h i li ad es ii Li n d u s was o n e , .

o f t h e ch i e f c i t i es o f R h ode s .

3
Comp a re C on on N arr ai l l Ph i l os t r at u s I mag i n es i i
, .
, , .

2 4 ; J Tz e t z e s Oh i li ades ii 3 8 5 s q q ; Lac t an t i u s D i vi n
.
, , . .
, .

I ns t i 2 1 . A cc o rd in g t o al l the s e wr i ter s e x ce p t Tz et z e s
. .

( wh o cle a rl y f o ll o w s A po ll o d o ru s ) H ercule s s vi ct i m in th i s
’
,

a ffa i r was n o t a w a gg on er b ut a p l o ugh ma n e n ga g ed in the ,

a ct o f p l o ugh in g ; Ph i l o s t rat u s n a me s h i m T h i od amu s a n d ,

a dd s H e n ce a p l o u gh in g e x i s s a cr i ficed t o H ercule s a n d ,

t h e y b e g in t h e s a cr i fice w i th cur s e s s uch as I s u ppo s e t h e , ,

h u s ba n d man t h e n mad e u s e o f a n d H erc u le s i s” p le a s ed a n d

b le ss e s t h e Li n d ian s in r e tu rn fo r the i r c u r s e s A cc o rd in g .

t o Lac t ant i u s i t w as a p a i r o f ox e n th a t w as s a cr i ficed a n d

, ,

t h e a lt a r a t wh i ch t h e s a cr i fice t oo k p l a ce b o r e the n a me o f
b o u zy g os th a t i s yo ke o f
, H e n c e i t s ee ms p r ob ab le
,

2 2 6
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Hap Lv 86 A p a Bi a v H7La 9 iwva x 7 6 i veL vra i 8a

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Haiao D e A pCol l od.o i B i b lRo b
i ot h eca pp , r ,
.

47 sq .
( c omp a r in g Sch ol i a s t on A po ll o ni u s Rh od i u s A r g on ,
.

iv A
°°

. x a7 a7rA 6 1 ou .

2
wapak ad Fr az er a A y B ve t M S S H e yn e V e S : K 7 a a
i
o 1/e t .
, ,
V

terma n M uller B ekker Wa g n er Aad

u, ,
H e r cher T he , : z/u .

v erb a aAag d w me a n s t o s e i z e o r c atch ge n e r a ll y w i th

x r /e
,

the i mp l i c a t ion o f f o rce o r vi ole n ce i t c a nn o t me a n t o .

rece iv e p e a ce a b l y as a fa vo ur wh i ch i s the s e n s e re q u i red in ,

t h e p re s e n t p a s s a ge T h u s t h e s cr ib e s h a v e tw i ce b lu n d e red
.

ov er t h e p re p os i t ion aps in th i s s e n te n ce ( a A T am r Ka r
'
n G , 77

Aap BLi v e i ) .

1
Comp a re J Tz et z e s Ch i li ad es 1 1 3 69 s q wh o as u s u a l
.
, , . .
,

f o ll o w s A po llo d o ru s Acc o rd in g to Di od oru s Si cu l u s ( iv 2 7

. . .

af t e r H erc u le s h a d s l a in B u s i r i s he a s ce n d e d the N i l e t o ,

E th iopi a a n d ther e s l e w E ma th ion k in g o f E t h iopi a , .

2
A s t o H ercul es a n d Pr o metheu s se e Di od or u s S i cu l u s , ,

iv . P a u s a ni a s v J Tz et z e s Ch i li ad es 1 1 3 7 0 s q
,
. .
, , .

Sch o l i a s t on A po ll on i u s Rh od iu s A rgon i i 1 24 8 i v 1 3 9 6
’

,
. .
, .

H y g in u s A s tr on om ii 1 5 i d Fab 3 1 5 4 a n d 1 4 4 S e r vi u s
, . . . .
, , ,

0 11 Vi rg i l E e l vi 4 2 T he Sch o l i a s t on A poll oni u s ( ii 1 2 4 8 )

, . . . .

a gree s w i th A po l l o d o r u s as t o the p a re n t a ge o f th e e a gle

wh i ch p re y e d on Pr o me t heu s a n d he c i te s as h i s a u th or i t y ,

Ph er e cy d e s ; he n c e we may s ur mi s e th a t A p oll o d oru s i s

f o ll o w in g t h e s a me a uth o r in t h e p re s e n t p a ss a ge Th e t i me .

d u r in g wh i ch Pr o me th e u s s u ffered on the C a u c a s u s w as s a i d
b y Ae s ch y l u s t o b e th i r t y th o u s a n d y e ar s ( H g in u s A s tro n
y , .

ii. b u t H y g in u s th o ugh h e 1 e p o rt s th i s i n o n e p a ss a ge
, ,

el s ewh e re reduce s the ter m o f s u ffe r in g t o th i rt y y ea r s ( Fab 5 4 .

an d
3
T he re fere n ce s ee ms t o b e t o t h e cr o w n o f ol iv e wh i ch
H ercule s b r o ugh t f r o m t h e l a n d o f t h e H yp e r bo re an s a n d
2 2 8
 T H E L I B RA RY ,
11 . v . II

A n d p as s i n g b y A rab i a h e s l e w E mat hio n s o n ,

of T i t ho n u s an d j o u rn e yi n g t hro u gh L i by a t o t h e
1
,

o u t e r s e a h e r e c e i v e d t h e go bl e t fro m t h e S u n .

A n d h av i n g c ro ss e d t o t h e oppo s i t e mai n l an d h e s ho t
o n t h e C au c as u s t h e e agl e o ffs pri n g of E c hid n a an d ,

Typho n t h at was d e v o u ri n g t h e l i v e r of Pro me t h e u s

, ,

an d h e r e l e as e d Pro m e t h e u s aft e r c hoo s i n g for h i m

2
,

s e l f t h e b o n d o f ol i v e an d t o Z e u s h e pr e s e nt e d
3
,

i n s t i t u ted as the b a dge o f vi ct o r y in the O l y mpi c g a me s .

See P in d a r O ly mp iii 1 1 (2 0 ) s qq ; Pa u s a ni a s v 7 7 Th e
, . . .
, . . .

a n c i e n t s h a d a cur io u s no t ion t h at the cu s t o m o f we a r in g

cr o w n s o r g a rl a n d s on t h e he a d a n d rin g s on t h e fi n gers w as
a me mo r i a l o f the s h a ck l e s on ce w o r n f o r t he i r s a ke by t he i r
gre a t b e n e fa ct o r Pr o me t heu s a mon g the r o ck s a n d s no w s o f
the C a uc a s u s I n o rder t h a t t h e w i l l o f Z eu s wh o h a d
.
,

s w o r n n e v er t o re l e a s e Pr o metheu s mi ght n o t b e f ru s tr a ted ,

by the e n t i re l ib er a t ion o f h is p r i s on er f r o m h i s ch a in s ,

Pr o me t heu s on ob ta inin g h i s f reed o m w as o rdered t o we a r 0 11

h i s fi n g e 1 a r in g ma de o ut o f h i s 1 r on f e t t e 1 s an d o f the r o ck
°

t o wh i ch he h a d b ee n ch a in ed he n ce in me mo r y o f t h e i i , ,

s a v i o ur s s u ff er in s me n h a v e w o r n r in g s e v er s in ce T he
’

g ,
.

p r a ct i ce o f we a r i n g cr o wn s o r g a rl a n d s w as e xp l a in ed b y
s o me p e op le i n the s a me w a y See H yg in u s A s tron om ii 1 5 ;
°

. . .
,

Ser vi u s on Vi rg i l E el vi 4 2 ; P l iny N a t H i s t xxxvii 2 ;

, ,
. .
, . . .

I s i d o r e Or i g i n es xix 3 2 1 A cc 0 1 d i ng t o on e v er s ion o f the

, ,
. . .

lege n d the cr o w n wh i ch t h e s u ffe 1 er on rega inin g h is l i b ert y

,

w as d oomed t o we a r was a cr o w n o f w i l l o w ; a n d t h e C a r i a n s ,

w h o u s ed t o cr o w n t he i r b r o w s w i th b r a n che s o f w i l l o w ,

e xp l a in ed th a t t he y d i d s o in i mi ta t ion o f Pr o metheu s See .

A t he n a eu s x v 1 1 1 3 pp 6 7 1 E 6 7 3 13 I n the p re s e n t p a ss a ge
,
.
, . .

o f A po ll o d o ru s i f the te x t i s c o rrect H ercule s as the

, , ,

de l iv erer o f Pro me t heu s i s ob l i ged t o bin d h i ms el f vi c a r io u s l y

,

fo r the p r i s on er wh o m h e h as re l e a s ed a n d he ch oo s e s t o d o
s o w i t h h i s fa vo u r i t e o l iv e S i mi l a rl y he h as t o fi n d a s u b
.

s t i t u t e t o d i e in s t e a d o f Pr o metheu s a n d he d i s c ov er s t h e ,

s u b s t i tu t e in C h i r on A s t o t h e s u b s t i t u t ion o f C h i r on f o r
.

Pr o me t heu s s e e A po l l o d o ru s ii 5 4 I t i s re ma rk a b le th a t
, , . . .
,

t h o ugh Pr o me t heu s w as s u ppo s ed t o h a v e a t t a in ed t o i mmor

t a l i t y a n d t o b e the gre a t b e n e fa c t o r an d e v e n the cr eat o r o f , ,

ma n k in d he a pp e a r s n ot t o h a v e b ee n w o r s h ipp ed by the
,

G reek s ; L uc i a n s a y s t h a t no where wer e t e mp le s o f Pr o me t heu s

t o b e s ee n ( P rometh eu s ,

2 2 9
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E l u s in i a n my s ter i e in h o n o ur o f H ercule f o r the p ur po s e
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u s

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o s wh o s,

me n t ion s th a t b e fo re C a s t o r a n d P o llu x were ini t i a t ed at

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.

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w i t ho u t t h e u se of t h e w e apo n s w hi c h h e c arri e d .

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.

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,

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i t was s c u l p tu r e d in t h e g a b le o f the T re a s ur y o f the S ip h

n i an s a t De l p h i the p r in c ip a l pi ece s o f the s c u l p t u r e wer e
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ho w h e migh t b e rid of t h e di s e as e As t h e Py t hi an .

pri e s t e ss an s w e r e d h i m n o t b y oracl e s h e w as fai n t o ,

p l u n d e r t h e t e mp l e an d c arryi n g o ff t h e t ripod t o , , ,

i n s t i t u t e an orac l e of hi s o wn B u t A po ll o fo u gh t .

h im 1
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, .

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an or acl e w h i c h d e cl ar e d t h at t h e r e me dy for h i s
,

di s e as e w as fo r h i m t o b e s o l d an d t o s e r v e for t hr e e ,

y e ar s an d t o p ay c o mp e n s at io n for t h e m u rd e r t o
,

E u ry t u s A ft e r t h e d e l i v e ry of t h e or acl e H e r m e s
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d au gh t e r of Iard an e s q u e e n of L ydi a t o w ho m , ,

at hi s d e at h h e r h u s b an d T mol u s h ad b e q u e at h e d

t h e go v e r n m e nt E u ry t u s did n o t ac c e p t t h e c o mp e n
.

s at io n w h e n i t w as pr e s e nt e d t o h i m b u t H e r c u l e s ,

s e r v e d O mph al e as a s l av e an d i n t h e c o u r s e of h i s ,

s e rvi t u d e h e s e i z e d an d b o u n d t h e C e r c op e s at
E ph e s u s an d as for Sy l e u s i n A u l i s w h o c o mp e ll e d
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w as t b e p a i d as c o mp e n s a t ion t o the on o f t h e m u rd e red

o s s

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r . s s ,

a gree s w i t h the s t a te me n t o f A po ll o d o r u s .

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h a v e c a rr i ed the m h a n g in g w i th t he i r he a d s d o w n w a rd f rom
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Troe z e n cl e ar e d t h e I s t h mu s of mal e fac t or s .

A ft e r hi s s e rv i t u d e b e i n g rid of hi s di s e as e h e ,

mu s t e r e d an ar my of n o bl e v o l u nt e e r s an d s ai l e d for
I l i u m w i t h e igh t e e n s hip s of fi ft y o ar s e ac h 1
And .

h av i n g c o me t o por t at I l i u m h e l e ft t h e g u ard of ,

t h e s hip s t o O i c l e s an d hi ms e l f w i t h t h e r e s t of t h e
2

c h ampio n s s e t o u t t o att ac k t h e c i t y Ho w b e i t Lao .

me do n m ar c h e d ag ai n s t t h e s hip s w i t h t h e mu l t i t u d e
an d s l e w O i c l e s i n b att l e b u t b e i n g r e p u l s e d b y t h e ,

t roop s of H e r c u l e s h e w as b e s i e g e d T h e s i e g e
, .

o n c e l aid T e l am o n was t h e fir s t t o b r e ac h t h e w all

,

an d e nt e r t h e c i t y an d aft e r h i m H e r c u l e s
,
Bu t .

w h e n h e s aw t h at T e l am o n h ad e nt e r e d i t fir s t h e ,

dr e w hi s s w ord an d ru sh e d at h i m l o at h t h at an y b ody ,

s ho u l d b e r e p u t e d a b e tt e r man t h an hi ms e l f Pe r .

c e i vi n t h at T e l amo n c o ll e c t e d s t o n e s t h a t l a t o h an d
g , y ,

an d w h e n H e r c u l e s as k e d h i m w h at h e did h e s aid h e ,

w as b u i l di n g an al t ar t o H e r c u l e s t h e G l orio u s V i c
t or H e r c u l e s t h an k e d h im an d w h e n h e h ad t ak e n
3
.
,

t h e c i t y an d s ho t do wn L ao me do n an d hi s s o n s e x c e p t ,

Pod ar c e s h e ass ig n e d L ao me d on s d au gh t e r H e s io n e
’

w i th th a t o f A po ll o d o r u s th a t bo t h a uth o r p r ob ab l y drew on s

the s a me sou rce H omer w i th wh o m T z e t z e a gree s s a y s

.
,
s ,

th a t H ercul e s we n t t o T r oy w i t h on l y i h ip s Diod or s s x s . u

no t i c es t h e H o mer i c s t a t eme n t b ut me n t ion s th a t a cc o rd in g ,

t o some t h e fl eet o f H ercule s n u mb ered e i ghtee n lon g h ip s s .

2
A s t o Oi cl e s a t T r oy c o mp a re Di o d r s S i cu l u iv 3 2 3
,
o u s, . .

Pa u s ani a s viii 3 6 6 wh o ay s th a t h i t o mb wa s h o w n
,
. .
,
s s s

n e a r M eg a l opo l i s in Arc a d i a S op h o c l e s s ee ms t o h a v e .

wr i tte n a p l a y c alled Gi cles th o ugh there i s s ome d o u b t as ,

t o the s p ell in g o f the n a me See T h e Fr ag men ts f S op h oc l es . o ,

ed A 0 Pe a r s on vol ii p 1 1 9
. . .
,
. . . .

3
T h i s in c i de n t i s rec o rded a l o by Tz et z e s ( S ch ol on M OO s .

p h ron 4 6 9 ), b ut a cc o rd in g t o h i m the t i tle wh i ch T el amo n

a pp l i ed t o H ercule s a t the a lt a r was A v erter o f I ll s ( A lex i
n ot G l o r i o u Vi ct o r s

2 45
 A PO L LO DO R U S

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Co mp a re i 9 2 4 . .
,
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f o ll o w in g the M SS .

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1
Sch o l i a s t o n , ,
—

H o mer I l viii 2 8 4 ; O vi d M etamorp h x i 2 1 6 s q ; H y g in u s

, . .
,
. . .
,

Fa b 8 9 . .

2
T h i s der iv a t ion of the n a me Pr i a m f r o m the v erb p r i ama i ,

t o b u y is re p e a t e d s o mewh a t mo re cle arl y b y T z e t z e s

, , , ,

2 46
 A P O L LO DO R U S

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For the e xp ed i t ion

1
H ercule s a g a in s t Au g ea s s ee of ,

Di od or u s S i c u l u s , i v 33 l P a u sa ni as v i 1 0 s q v 2 1 . .
, . . .
, . .
,

v i 20 1 6
. Sch o l i a s t on P in d a r Oly mp x 3 1
.
, . .

2
A s t o E ur y tu s an d C te a tu s w h o wer e c a lled A c t orion e s ,

af ter the i r fa t her Act o r an d Mol ion es or M oli on i d e s af ter , ,

th e i r mo th e r Mol ion e s ee H o mer I l ii 6 2 1 x i 7 09 s q 7 5 1 , , . .

, . .
,

s qq xxiii 6 38 ; Pa u s a ni a s v 1 1 0 s q v 2 1 s q and 5
.
, .
, . . . , . . . .

A cc o rd in g t o s o me the y h a d t w o bo d i es j oin e d i n o ne ,

( Sch o l i a s t o n H o mer I l xxiii 63 8 A cc o rd in g t o o th e r s

, . .
, ,

t he y h a d e a ch t w o h e a d s f o u r h a n d s and f o u r f eet b u t o n l y , ,

o n e bo d y ( Sch o l i a s t on H o mer I l x i Co mpa r e Eu s t a , . .

t h in s on H o me r I l x i 7 4 9 p 8 82
, , T h e po e t I b y c u s s po ke
. .
,
. .

2 48
 T HE L I B RA R Y ,
II .
f
vn . 2

Not l o n g aft e r w ard s h e c o ll e c t e d an A r c adi an

ar my an d b e i n g oi n e d b y v o l u n t e e r s fro m t h e fir s t
, J
me n i n G r e e c e h e mar c h e d agai n s t A u g e as 1
Bu t .

A u g e as h e ari n g of t h e w ar t h at H e r c u l e s w as l e v yi n g
, ,

appoi nt e d E u ry t u s an d Ct e at u s
2
g e n e r al s of t h e
E l e an s T h e y w e r e t w o m e n j oi n e d i n on e w ho
.
,

s u rp ass e d all of t h at g e n e r at io n i n s t r e n g t h an d w e r e
s o n s of A c t or b y Mo l i on e t ho u gh t h e ir fat h e r w as ,

s aid t o b e Po s e ido n ; n o w A c t or w as a b ro t h e r of
A u g e as B u t i t c ame t o p ass t h at o n t h e e x p e di t io n
.

H e r c u l e s fe ll s i c k ; h e n c e h e c o n cl u d e d a t r u c e w i t h
t h e Mol i o n i d e s B u t aft e r ward s b e i n g appri z e d of.
,

hi s i ll n e s s t h e y att ack e d t h e army an d s l e w man y

,
.

O n t h at o cc as io n t h e r e for e H e r c u l e s b e at a r e t r e at , ,

b u t aft e r w ard s at t h e c e l e b r at io n of t h e t hird I s t h

mi an fe s t i v al w h e n t h e E l e an s s e nt t h e ; Mol i on i d e s t o
,

t ak e par t i n t h e s ac rifi c e s H e r c u l e s w ay l aid an d ,

k i l e d t h e m at C e on ae an d mar c hi n g o n E l i s t oo k
l l 3
,

t h e city A n d h av i n g k i ll e d A u g e as an d h i s s o n s h e
.
,

r e s t or e d Phy l e u s an d b e s t o w e d o n h i m t h e k i n gdo m 4
.

H e al s o c e l e b r at e d t h e O l y mpi an game s 5 an d

o f them as tw in s bor n o f a s i l v er egg a n d w i th e q u a l he a d s

,

in on e bo d y ( d HPdA U é w y i ) Se e A the n a e u s ii 5 0 K O S v ov s .
, .
,

pp 5 7 8 g T he i r s t o r y was t o ld by Ph er e cy d e s ( Sch ol i a s t on
. .

H o me r I l xi , wh o m A poll od o r u s may h a v e fo ll ow e d in
. .

the p re s e n t p a s s a ge .

3
Co mp a re P in d a r Oly mp x 2 6 ( 32 ) s qq ; Di od oru s S ic u l u s ,
. . .
,

i v 33 3 ; Pa u s a ni a s ii 1 5 l v 2 l
. .
, . .
, . . .

4
Co mp a re P in d a r O ly mp x 3 4 Diod or u s S i cu l u s , . .
,

i v 3 3 4 ; P a u s a ni a s v 3 1
. . Sch o l i a s t on H o mer I l xi 7 00 ,
. .
,
. . .

5
H erc u le s i s sai d t o h a v e ma rked o ut the s a cred p rec in c t
a t Ol y mpi a in s t i tuted the q u a dr i e nni al Ol y mpi c f e s t iv a l a n d
, ,

cel e b r a ted the Ol y mpi c ga me s f o r the fir s t t i me See Pin d a r .

O ly mp iii 3 s q vi 6 7 s q q x 4 3
. . Diod or u s S i cu l u s
.
, . .
, .
,

iv 1 4 1 s q v 6 4 6 ; P a u s a ni a s v 7 9 v 8 1 a n d 3 s q ;
. . .
, . .
, . .
, . . .

T z et z e s S ch ol on L y cop h r on 4 1 ; Sch ol i a s t on H ome r I l

, .
, , .

xi 700 ; H y g in u s Fab 2 73
.
, . .

2 49
 A P O L LO DO R U S

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2
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x iii 1 69 , p 6 1 5 ; Pa u s a n i a s , v iii 4 9 , v iii 4 7 4 , v iii

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g i rl ( A u g e ) g a v e b i r t h t o T ele p h u s on M o u n t Pa r t h e n i u s and ,

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t h e m b o t h t o k i n g T e u t h r a s i n M y s i a w h o be i n g c h i l d l ess , , ,

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8 1 6v Co mme li n u s A , A r g umen t f S op h ocl es ,
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Tr ach LnLLLe .

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7 11 1 1 611 7 17 3
7 A r g u m en t of S p h o cl es , T r ac h Ln iLLe ,
A e g a s o '

i
n apan A é o wr a s A , Z e n ob i u s , Cen t 1 33 . . .

8 1 81 7 6 8 571 01 1 0 3 6 11/cu A rg u men t of S p h cles , Tr a ch in zae o o

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A r g u men t of S p h cl es , Tr ach Ln LLLe, He n e , M ii l l er o o ' '

y
8 1 776 1 E A , Z e n ob i u s , Cent 33, este rmann , ekke r , . i . W B
He rch er , ag n e r W .

5 ’
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p
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q , A r g u me n
’
t of S op h E
o cl es , T m eh i n i a e

677 67 pe tlze v ( o w R 3 3 .

1 77 0 77 6315 A 7 g nmen t of S op h ocl es , Qr a ch zma e

'

6
K ai 7 pod> 77 s 8 .

v 7ra V7 7 71m 1/T os A 7 g 7 1 men t of S op h od e s , T r a ch m ia e

' '

an d y a t h s He w a c p be a re r t o Oe n e t h e f at h e r i n l aw
C u . s u u s,

of He rc l e s Th e sce n e of t h e t rag e dy see ms t o h a v e bee n

u .

g e n e a l l y l a id a t Ga l y d on of w hi c h O e n e s
r a s k i n g ( A p ol l o ,
u 11

do s i 8 ru , b t P a s a n i a t an fe r t h sce n e t P h l i
. u u s i s s e o us .

2 60
 T H E L I B RA R Y I I , . vn . 6 7 -

t h e l a d s fat he r pa r d on ed H e r c u le s ; b u t H e r c u le s
’

w i sh ed i n a cc o rd an ce w i t h t he l aw t o s u ffe r t h e
, ,

p e nal t y o f e x ile an d r e s ol v ed t o de p a r t t o C ey x at
,

T rach i s An d taki n g D ei an i r a w i t h h i m h e c am e t o
.
,

t h e r i v e r E v e nu s at w hic h t h e ce ntau r N e ss u s sat

,

an d fe rried p a ss e n g e rs ac r o s s for hir e alle gi n g

1
,

t h at h e h a d r ecei v ed t he fe rry fr om t h e g o d s fo r
h i s r i gh t e o u s n e ss S o H e r c u le s c r o ss ed t h e ri v e r by
.

hi ms el f b ut on bei n g a s ked t o p a y t he fa r e h e e n
,

t r u s t ed D ei an i r a t o N e ss u s t o c a rry o v e r B ut h e i n .
,

fe rryi n g he r a c r o ss att e mp t ed t o v i o l at e h e r ,
Sh e .

c r ied o u t H e r c ule s he a 1 d h e i an d sh o t N e s s u s t o
, ,

t h e h e ar t w he n h e e me rg ed fr o m t h e r i v e r B ei n g at .
‘

t h e p oi nt o f de at h N e s s u s c a ll ed D ei an i r a t o h i m ,

an d s aid t h at i f s h e w o u ld h av e a l ov e ch ar m t o
o p e r at e 0 11 H e r c u le s s h e s h o u ld mi x t he s eed he h a d

d ro pp ed o n t he gr o un d w i t h t he bl ood t h at fl o w ed
fr om t he w o un d i n fl ic t ed by t h e b a r b Sh e did s o .

an d ke p t i t by he r .

G oi n g t h r ou g h t he c o unt ry o f t he D ry o p e s an d
bei n g i n l a ck of food H e r c u le s me t T hi o d ama s ,

1
t o He r c u les an d N e s s u s an d t h e f a t a l a ffr ay a t t h e
As ,

f e rry see S o p ho cles T r aclzi n i ae 5 5 5 s q q ; Diod or u s S icu lu s

, , , .
,

i v 3 6 3 s q q ; S t r a b o x 2 5 p 4 5 1 ; D io Ch r y s o st o m
. . .
,
. .
, .
,

l x ; E u seb i u s P m ep aratt o E v ang el i i ii 2 1 5 s q ; N o nn u s

'

/ , . .
.
, .
,

i n We s t e r man n s M y th ogr ap h i Gr aecz A p p en di x N arr a

’
'

ti onu m xx v iii 8 p 3 7 1 ; T z e t z es S ch ol on
, . . .
,
.

5 0— 5 1 73d C h i l i ad e s , . 4 5 7 s qq ; O ,
ii . . v id M eta/morp h . ix .

1 0 1 s qq ; H n u , Fab
. ygi s e vi s
3 4 ; S r u , on V i rg i l A en v .
, . ii i .

t i s
3 0 0 Lac t an t i u s Placi d u s , 0 11 S a t u , T h eb x i 2 3 5 ; S cr i p . .

Lor es r er u m my th i cam m L ati n i e d G H B od e v ol i p p , . . .

,
. . .

2 0 s q 1 3 1 (Fi r s t V a t i c a n M y t h o g r a p h e r 5 8 S ec o n d V a t i c a n
.
, ,

My t h o g r ap h e r Th e t a le w a s t ol d b y A r c h i l o c h u s
,

( S c h ol i a s t on A p ol l on i u s Rh od i u s A rg on i A p ol l o , . .

d oru s s v e rs io n of t h e st o ry i s c op i e d w i t h a f ew v e rb a l
’
,

c h a ng e s an d o mi ss io ns b y Z e nob iu s ( C en t i b u t as u s u a l
, . .

w i t hou t a ck n o w l e d g me nt .

2 6 1
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W a gn e r ( c o mp a r i n g S c h i o o i ol a st o n A p ll n u s Rh od i u s , A r g n o .

i 1 2 1 2 Gé o a s e w efr o)
.
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A a o yé pav R , T z e t z es , Ch i l i a d es , ii 4 6 6 , A e g i u s
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p owA .

I m wov ( c o mp a r”i n g Dio doru s S i”c u l u s

M u l le r “ l agu e r
5 " '
, .

i v 3 7 4 ; S te p h a n u s B y z a n t i n s
. . I7 wv ) : twv A : In o v a ,

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, , , ,

G a l e H e y n e W es t e r ma nn B ekke r H e r c h e r
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He rc u les an d Th ,
r ,

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'

, .

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’
s 1 s, r

M y th og ap h t Gr aec L A p p en di x N a 7 a t i on u m x v iii 6 p
r 7
3 7 0 s q ; S c ho l i a s t on A o l l o n i u s R hodi as A rg o n 1 1 2 1 p
, , x .
,

2
.

p , . .

J T z et z e s Ch i l i ad es i i 4 6 4 s q
.
, F om t h S c h o l i ast on
, . . r e

A p oll on i u s ( l we l e a rn t h a t t h e t al e w as t ol d b Ph ere
.

e yd e s w ho m A p ol l odo ru s may h e r e be fol l o w i ng

, h e t ory . s

262
 A P O L LO D O R US

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3 '
d u urzep ozare u , A E
r g u men t of S op h cl es , Tr ach i n i ae : cr u x
/{
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MnA Le wu A r g u men t of S op h ocl e s, Tr LLch Ln iLLe , A e g i u s

' '

u nme wu A
'
.
,

1
On t h e c mb a t o of
He c u les w t h C c n u s , see H e s r i y iod ,

S h i eld of H er c u les , 5 7 s qq ii
n a r O ly mp 82 . Pi d
wt , . . i h
ho i
t h e Sc l u m, x 1 5 ho i E i id
w th t h e Sc l a
. ur p i
es , H er
P
cu l es fu r en s , 3 9 1 3 gq , P i i
l u t ar c h , T h es eu s , 1 1 ; a u s a n a s ,
. .

. . i
2 7 6 ; J T z e t z es , C h i li ad es , 1 i 4 6 7 id I t s sa t h a t Cy c1iu s . .

u se d o d of
t c u t o ff t h e h e a s i i di
p a ss n g st r a n g e r s n te n ng ,

i h o y o i id hi f
w t h t ese g r t r p h es t o b u l a t e mp l e t o s a t h e r A r es .

i fo h ho i
Th s we l e a r n r m t e S c l a st s on Pi d n ar Th e
sce n eof oi h y
h i s e x p l t s w as T ess a l o di oP
A cc r n g ti a u s an a s .

of h P
He r c u le s s l ew t h e ru ffi an on t h e b a n ks t e eneu s
i
r ver iod
b u t He s y h
p l a ce s t h e s ce n e at Pag as ae , an d s a s t a t
of y
t h e g ra v e d y h i
C c n u s was w a s h e a w a b y t e r v e r A n au r u s ,

i h o
a s mal l s t r e a m w h c i o
fl ws n t f
t h e Pag as ae an g u l See .

S h i eld of H er cu l es , 7 0 s q q , 4 7 2 s q qo of y T h e s t ry . C c nu s w a s .

od
t l i n a p oe m o f S t e s i c h o r u s oi Pi d
Se e S c h l a s t o n n ar .
,

O ly mp x 15 . o i o
Fo 1 t h e c mb a t of He r c u les w t h a n t h e r
.

y o od ii
C c n u s , see A p l l oru s ,
3
i
It s said h h i f d i
t a t t e k n g r e u se t o g v e h i s Ll a11 g h t e 1
d i
A s t y a m a m ma r1 1 a g e t o He 1 c1 1 l e s i d
So He r c u l es k l l e h i m, .

y i
t oo k A s t d a m a b f i
y o r ce an d h ad a s on Ctes p p u s b y h e 1
,
,
.

i
S ee Di od o ru s S i c u l u s v 3 7 4 , o
O 1 me n i u m “ a s a s ma l l t w n
. . .

oo of
at t h e f t P io o i
M ou n t e l n S e e S t r a b x 5 1 8 p 438 .
, . .
,
. .

2 64
 THE L I B RA R Y ,
11 m . .
7

ch a lle n g ed t o S i n g le c omb at by Cyc nu s a s on o f

A r e s an d P el o p i a ; an d cl os i n g w i t h h i m H e r c u le s
s le w h i m a l so Bu t w h e n he was c o me t o O rme n i u m
1
.
,

ki n g Amy nt or t oo k a r ms an d fo r b ade h im t o ma rch

t h r o u gh ; b ut w he n h e w o u ld h a v e hi n de r ed h i s
p as s a g e H e r c u l e s s le w h i m a l so
,
2
.

On h i s a rr i v a l at T rac h i s he mu s t e r ed an a rmy t o
atta ck O e c h al i a w i s hi n g t o p un i s h Eu ry tu s ,
3
B e ing .

j o i n ed by A r c a di an s M eli an s fr o m T rac h i s an d , ,

Ep i c n e mi d i an L oc r i an s h e sl e w Eu ry tu s an d h i s s o n s ,

3
E u ry t u s was t h e k i ng of Oech ali a S e e A p ol lod or u s ii .
,
.

6 1 sq
. A s t o t h e c a p t u r e of O ech al ia b y He r c u les see
.
,

S o p ho c l e s T r ach i n i a e 3 5 1 — 365 4 7 6 4 7 8 ; Di od o r u s S i c u l u s
, , ,
—
,

i v 37 5 ; Z en ob i u s Cen t i 3 3 ; J Tz e t z es Ch i li d d es ii 4 6 9
. .
,
. . .
, , .

q ; i d S ch ol on Iflg cop h r on 5 0 5 1 S c ho l i a s t o n Ho me r I l
—
s . . .
, , .

v 3 9 2 ; S c ho l i a st on E u ri p id es H ip p oly tu s 5 4 5 ; Hy g i n u s
.
, , .

Fab 3 5 S e r v i u s on V i r g i l A en v iii 2 9 1 S cr i p tor es rer u m

. , , . .

my th i caru m L a ti n i e d G H B od e v o l 1 p p 1 2 9 s q 1 3 1 s q
/ , . . .
,
. . . .
, .

( S ec o n d V a t i c an My t ho g r ap h e r 1 5 9 T h e s i t u a t io n of , ,

O e c h al i a t h e c i t y of E u ry t u s w a s mu c h d e b a te d
,
H o me r , .

see ms t o p l a ce i t i n T h ess a l y ( I l ii B u t a cc o r di n g t o . .

o t h er s i t w a s i n E u b o e a or A r c a di a or M es s e n i a S e e S t ra b o , , .
,

i x 5 1 7 p 4 38 ; Pa u s an i a s i v 2 2 s q ; Sc h o l i a s t o n A p ol l o
. .
, .
, . . .

n i u s R h od i u s A rg on i 8 7 t h e S ec o n d V a t i c a n M y t h o
, . .

g rap h e r 1 6 5 A p oll odo r u s ap p a re n tl y p l a ce d i t i n E u b o e a

, . .

S e e a b o v e ii 6 1 s q ,
T h e r e w a s an a n c i e n t e p i c c a lle d Th e
. . .

C ap tu r e of O ec h al i a w hi c h w a s c o mmo n l y a t t r i b u t e d t o ,

Cr e op h il u s of S a mo s t h ou g h s o me t ho u g h t i t w a s b y Ho me r , .

S e e S t r a b o x i v l 1 8 p p 63 8 s q ; c o mp a r e i d i x 5 1 7
, .
, , . .
, . .
,

p . 4 3 8 ; P a u san i a s i v 2 3 ( w ho c a lls t h e p o
,
e m H e r a c l ea ) ;
. .

Ca ll i ma c h u s E p i gr am v i , ( v ii ) E p i cor u m Gr aeeoru m . . .

Fr agmen ta e d G K i n kel p p , s qq ; F ( i
. W e l cke r D er
.
, . . . i .
,

ep i s ch e Cy cl u s ( B o nn p p 2 2 9 s qq A s t o t h e n a mes
, . .

of t h e so n s of E u ry t u s see t h e S c ho l i a s t on S o p ho cles , ,

T r ach i n i ae 2 6 6 He q u o t es a p a ss a g e f r o m a l o s t p o e m o f
, .

He s iod i n wh i c h t h e p o e t me n t io n s De io n Cl y t i u s Tox e u s .
, ,

an d I p hi t u s as t h e s o n s and I o l a ( I o l e ) a s t h e d a u g h te r of ,

E u ry t u s Th e Sc hol i a s t a dd s t h a t a cc o rdi ng t o Creo ph y l u s

.

and A r i st ocr a t es t h e n a me s of t h e s o n s w e r e T ox e u s Cl y t i u s , ,

and De io n Di od or u s S i cu l u s ( i v 3 7 5 ) c a lls t h e s o n s
. . .

To x e u s M o ll o n an d Cl y t i u s
, , .

2 65
 A P O LLO D O R US
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t h e mse l v e s a r e g a u n t an d b a r e , t h e p r o s p ec t f r o m t h e i r
s u mmi ts i s gl orio u s s t r etc h i n g o v e r t h e s e a w h i c h w a sh es,

t h e s id es of t h e p e n i n s u l a , and ac r oss i t t o t h e l o n g l i n e of
bl u e mo u nt a i n s w h i c h b o u n d , a s in a v a st amp h i t h e a tr e , t h e
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2 68
 THE L I BR A RY , 1 1 . V1 1 .
7

Fr om h i m D ei an i ra le a r n ed a b o u t I o l e , an d fe a r i n g
t h at H e r c u l e s mi g h t l ov e t h at d ams el mor e t h an h e r
s el f sh e s u p p os e d t h at t h e s p il t bl oo d of N e s su s w as
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-
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t un ic 1
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.

t h e p oi s on of t h e hyd r a be g a n t o c o rr o de h i s ski n ;
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h i m d o w n fr om t he h e adl an d an d t o r e o ff t h e t un ic
2
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a w ay w i t h i t I n s u ch a sad p li g h t h e w as c a rried o n
.

s hi p b o a r d t o Tr ac h i s an d D ei an i ra o n le a r n i n g w h at ,

h a d h a pp e n e d h an g ed h e rs el f 3
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,

ch a rg i n g H yll u s h i s eld e r son by D e i an i ra t o m a rry ,

I ol e w h e n he c am e of a g e pr o ceeded t o M ount
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fr om T r ach i s for t h e u se of He r c u les at t h e s a c r ifi ce .

2
Th e r e a di n g i s u n ce r t a i n S e e t h e c r i t i c a l n o te . .

3
C o mp a r e Di od or u s S i cu l u s i v 3 8 3 A cc o r di n g t o ,
. . .

S o p h o cles ( T r ach i m ae 9 30 De i a n i ra st a bbe d h e r sel f w i t h

'

a sw o rd B u t h a n g i ng w a s t h e f a v ou ri t e mod e of s u i c id e
.

a dop t e d b y Gr eek le g e nd ar y h e roi n es a s b y Jocas t a E r i g o n e , ,

Ph a e d ra and Oe no n e S e e A p oll od m us 1 8 3 . 9 27 .
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n i u e 1 2 1 6 s q q ; O v id M etamo rp h i x 2 7 8 s q q
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a ble t h a t H e r c u les s ho u l d be r ep r esen te d a s s o e a r nestl y

d es i ri n g th a t hi s c on c u b i n e s hou l d bec o me t h e w if e of hi s
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.

i t i s c u st o ma ry for t h e el d es t s on t o i n h e r i t a ll hi s f a t h e r s
’

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r e me mbe r t o h a v e me t w i t h au v o t h e r see mi n g t r a ce of a

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2 69
 A PO LL O D O RU S

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H ermoti mu s , 7 ; O v id JlI etamorp h i x 2 29 8 419 ; Hygi n u s , . . .

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. . . . .

g rap h e r , 5 8 ; S e c on d Vat i c an M y t h og rap h e r A cc o r d i n g

t o t h e u s u al acc ou n t , i t w as n o t Po e as b u t h i s s on Ph i l o c t e t e s
w h o se t a lig h t t o t h e p y r e S o Di od or u s S i cu l u s ( iv 3 8 . . .

Lu c i an ( D e mor te P er egr zn i , O v i d ( M etamorp h i x 2 3 3

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Hygi n u s ( Fab S e n e c a ( H erc u les O etaeu s , 1 4 8 5 s q q

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,

an d t h e S e c o n d V at i c an M y t h og r ap h e r A cc o r d in g t o .

a d i ffe r e n t and l e s s f amo u s v e r s i o n of t h e l e g e n d , He rc u l e s

w as n o t b u r n e d t o d e at h on a py r e , b u t , t o r t u r e d b y t h e
ag on y o f t h e p o i s o n e d r o b e , w h i ch t o ok fi r e i n t h e s u n , h e
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s i n c e , an d are c al l e d T h e r mo v l ae S e e N o nn u s 1n
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Lao t h o e h e h ad A n t i p h u s ; b y A n t i o p e h e h ad A l o
i us ; b C al am e t i s he h ad A s t b i e s ; b P h l e is h e
p y y y y
h ad T i g as is b y A e s c h r e i s h e h ad Le u c o n es ; b y
,

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.

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x i 6 0 2 s q q ; He s i od T h e og 9 5 0 s
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qq ; Pi n d ar N em i 6 9 ( 1 0 4 )
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s qq . x 1 7 ( 3 0 ) s q I s th m iv 5 9
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915 sq . Tz e t z e s S ch ol on L ycop h r on 1 3 4 9 1 3 5 0
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8 54 at t h e b at t l e w h i ch t h e A t h e n i an s f ou g h t wi t h t h e
A r giv e s i n d e f e n c e of t h e He racl id s t w o s t ar s w e r e s ee n ,

s h i n i n g b r ig h t ly 0 11 t h e c ar o f I o l au s an d t h e d ivi n e r i n t e r ,

p r e t e d t h e m a s H e rc u l es a n d He b e .

9
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mo t h e r is l os t an d t h at Ly c i u s w as t h e s o n o f Tox i cr at e
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. . . . .

2
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3
Ce yx , ki n g o f T rach i s , w h o h ad g i ve n s h e l t e 1 and h o s pi
t al i t y t o H e rc u l e s S e e ab ov e , ii 7 7
. Co mp ar e Di od o ru s . . .

S i cu l u s , iv 5 7 , w h o ag r e e s wi t h A p oll o d o r u s as t o t h e t hr e at s
.

o f E u r s t h eu s an d t h e c o n s e q u e n t fl i g h t o f t h e ch il d r e n o f
y
H e rc u l e s fro m T rac h i s t o A t h e n s A cc o r d i n g t o H e c at ae u s . ,

u o t d b L o n gi n u s ( D e su b li mi tat e , ki n g C e x o rd e r e d
y
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t h e m o u t o f t h e c ou n t r y , pl e ad i n g h i s p o w e rl e s s ne s s t o p r ot e c t
t h em .Co mp ar e Pau san i as i 3 2 6 , . . .

4
Co mp ar e S ch ol i as t o n A r i s t o p h ane s K ni gh ts 1 1 5 1 1 1 11 0 , , ,

men t i o n s t h at t h e He 1 acl 1 d s t ook r e f u e at t h e al t ar of \ I e rc v

g
.

A s t o t h e al t ar o f M e rc y s e e b e l o w , i i i 1 n ot e A p oll od o r us . . .

h as o mi t t e d a f amou s e pi s od e m t h e w ar w h i ch t h e A t h e n i an s
w age d wi t h t h e A rgiv e s 1 n d e f e n c e o f t h e ch il d r e n o f He rc u l e s .

A n o r ac l e h avi n g d e c l a1 e d t h at 1 i c t or v 1 1 o u l d r e s t 1 1 it h t h e

2 76
 T HE L I B RA RY , l l . vu . 8 v
— m . I

of Eu ry py l u s , he h ad Th e tt al u s ; b y E p ic as t e , d au g h
t e r o f A u g e as , he h ad Th e st al u s ; b y Par t he n op e ,
d au g h t er of S t y m ph al u s , h e h ad E v ere s ; b y A u g e ,
d au g h t er o f A l e u s, h e h ad T e l e p h u s 1
b y A s t y oc h e ,
2
d au g h t e r o f Ph y l as , h e h ad Tl e p o l em u s ; b y As t y
d ami a, d au g h t e r o f A my n t o r , h e h ad Ct e s i p p u s ; b y
A u t o n o e , d au gh t e r o f Pi re u s, h e h ad P al ae m on .

V I I I Wh e n H e rc u l e s h ad b ee n t r an sl at e d t o t h e
.

g o d s, h i s s o n s fl e d fr om E u ry s t he u s an d c ame t o
Cey x .
3 B u t w h e n Eu ry s t he u s d e man d e d t h e ir s u r
ren d e r an d t hre at e n e d w ar, t h e y w ere afrai d, an d,
q u i tt i n g T re chi s, fl e d t hro u g h G reece B e i n g p u r .

su e d , t h e c ame t o A t he n s, an d s i t t i n g d o w n o n t h e
y
al t ar o f M e rcy , cl ai m e d p r ot ec t i on 4
Re fu s i n g t o .

s u rre n d e r t h e m, t h e A t he n i an s b o r e th e b ru n t of
w ar w i t h E u ry s t he u s , an d s l e w h i s so n s , A l e x an d er ,
l p h i me d on , E u ry b i u s, M e n t o r an d P e rim e d e s E u ry .

s t h e u s himse l f fl e d i n a ch ari o t , b u t w as rs u e d an d
p u

s l ai n b y H y ll u s j u s t as h e w as d ri v i n g p as t t h e

A t h en i an s i f a h ig h b o rn maid e n w e re s acr i fic e d t o P e r s e
-

p h o n e a v ol u n t ary v i c t i m w as f ou n d i n t h e p e r s on of M ac ar i a
, ,

d au g h t e r o f He r c u l e s w h o g av e h e r s e l f fr e e ly t o d i e fo r
,

A t h ens .S e e E r i pi d e s H er acli d ae 4 0 6 s q q 488 s q q ; Pau

u ,
.
, .

s au i as ,
i 3 2 6 ; Z e n ob i u s C en t i i 6 1 ; T i mae u L ex i con
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B dAA a ap la ; S ch o li as t on Pl at o H i p p i a s M aj or
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p 2 9 3 A ; S ch olias t 0 11 A r i s t op h an es l o Th e p r o t e c t i o n
.
,
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affo r d e d b y A t h e n s t o t h e s u ppli an t He rac l i d s w as a s u b j e c t

o f p at r i o t i c p r i d e t o t h e A t h e n i an s S e e Ly s i as i i 1 1 1 6 ; .
,
.
—

I so crat e s P an egy ri c 1 5 an d 1 6 Th e s t or y w as t ol d b y
, , .

P h e re y d e s w h o r e p r e se n t e d De mo p h o n son o f T h e se u s as
c , , ,

t h e p r o t e c t o r o f t h e Her ac li d s at A t h e n s S e e A n t o ni n u s .

Li b e ral i s T r an sfor m 33 I n t h i s h e may h av e b ee n f o ll o we d

,
. .

b y E u r ipi d e s w h o i n h i s pl ay 0 11 t h e s u b j e c t i n t r od u c e s
,

De mo p h o n as ki n g o f A t h e n s an d ch amp i on of t h e He racl id s
( Her acli d ae 1 1 1 , B u t acc or d i n g t o Pau s an ias ( i 32
, . .

i t w as n o t De mop h on b u t h i s f at h e r T h e s e u s w h o r e c e iv ed
t h e r e f u g ee s and d e c li n e d t o s u rr e n de r t h em t o E u ry s t h e us .

2 77
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1
T r ad i t i on sv ari e d c on c ern i ng t h e d e at h an d b u ri al of
Eu ry st h eu s Di odoru s S i cu l u s ( iv 5 7
. i n ag re e me nt wi t h . .

A p o ll od or u s s ay s t h at al l t h e son s o f E u r y s t h e u s w e r e s l ai n
,

i n t h e b at t l e an d t h at t h e ki n g h i ms e l f fl e e i n g i n h i s ch ar i o t
, , ,

w as kill e d b y Hyll u s s o n o f H e rc u l e s ,A cc o r d i n g t o Pau sa .

n i as ( i 4 4 . . t h e t omb o f E u r y s t h e u s w as n e ar t h e S ci ron i an
Ro c k s w h e r e h e h ad b e e n kill e d b y I o l au s ( n o t Hy l l u s ) as h e
,

w as fl e e i n g h ome af t e r t h e b at tl e A cc o r di n g t o E u ri p i d e s .
,

h e w as c ap t u r e d b y I ol au s at t h e S c i r oni an R o c k s an d c ar ri ed
a p r i s o n e r t o A l c me n a w h o o r d e r e d h i m t o e x e c u t i on
, ,

al t h ou g h t h e A t h e n i an s i n t e rc e d e d for h i s l i f e ; an d h i s b o d y
w as b u r i e d b e fo r e t h e s an c t u ar v o f A t h e n a at Pall e n e an ,

A t t i c t o w n s h ip s i t u at e d b e t w e e n A t h e n s an d M ar at h on S e e .

E u r ipi d e s H er aclLd ae 8 4 3 s q q 9 2 8 s q q 1 0 30 s qq A cc ord i n g

, , .
, . .

t o S t r ab o ( viii 6 1 9 p . E u ry s t h e u s march e d ag ai n s t
.
, .

t h e He racl i d s an d I ol au s at M ar at h on h e f e ll i n t h e b at t l e ,

an d h i s b od y w as b u r i e d at G ar g e t t u s b u t h i s h e ad w as c u t ,

o ff an d b u r i e d s e p ar at e ly i n T r i c or t h u s u n d e r t h e h ig h r oad
y , ,

at t h e s p r i n g M ac ar i a an d t h e pl ac e w as h e n c e c all e d th e
H e ad o f E u r y s t h e u s T h u s S t r ab o l ay s t h e s c e ne o f t h e
.

b at t l e an d o f t h e d e at h o f E u r y s t h e u s at M ar at h on Fr o m .

P au s an i as ( i w e k n o w t h at t h e s p r i n g M ac ar i a n ame d
.
,

a f t e r t h e h e r o i n e w h o s acr i fic e d h e r s e l f t o g ai n t h e vi c t ory
fo r t h e H e r acl i d s w as at M ar at h on , Th e n ame s ee ms t o .

h av e b e e n appli e d t o t h e p o w e rfu l su b t e rran e an s p r i n g s

w h i ch for m a g re at mar s h at t h e n o rt h e rn e nd of t h e pl ai n o f
M ar at h o n T h e an c i e n t h ig h r oad u n d e r w h i ch t h e h e ad
.
,

o f E u r y s t h e u s w as b u r i e d and o f w h i ch t r ac e s e xi s t e d d o w n
,

t o mod e r n t i mes h e r e r an b e t w e e n t h e ma1 s h on t h e on e

,

h an d and t h e s t ee p s l op e o f t h e mou nt ai n on t h e o t h e r A t .

t h e n o r t h e r n e n d of t h e n arr ow d e fi l e t h u s f or me d b y t h e
mar s h an d t h e mo u n t ai n s t an d s t h e mod e rn vill ag e of K at e
S ou li w h i ch i s p rov e d b y i n script i ons t o h av e o cc u pi ed t h e
,

s i t e of t h e an c i e n t T ri cor t h u s S e e W M L e ak e T h e D emi
y . . .
,

f A th en s 2 nd e d ( Lon d on , 1 8 4 1 ) , p 95 an d my co m
32 4 39
c , . . sq .
,

me n t ary o n Pau s an ias v o l 1 1 pp 4 , . . .

,
sq . B u t Pal l e n e ,
2 7 8
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Eu ry s t h e u s , b e fo r e b e i n g k ill e d b y t h e ord e r o f A l c men a ,

ann ou n c e d t o t h e A t h e n i an s t h at , i n g rat i t u d e for t h e i r

me r ci f u l , t h ou g h fr u i t l e s s , i nt e rc e ss i o n wi t h A l c me n a, h e
w ou ld s t ill , af t e r h i s d eat h , lyi n g b e n e at h t h e s od , b e a fri en d
an d s avi o u r t o A t h e n s , b u t a s t e r n foe t o t h e d es c e nd an t s of
t h e He racl i d s — t h at i s t o t h e A rgiv e s an d Sp ar t an s b ot h o f
,

w h om t rac e d t h e b l o od of t h ei r k i n g s t o He rc u l e s Fu r t h e r , .

h e b ad e t h e A t h e n i an s n ot t o p ou r li b at i on s or s h ed b l oo d 0 11
h i s g rav e , for e v e n W i t h o u t s u ch o ffe r i n g s h e w o u l d i n d e at h
b e n e fi t t h e m an d i n j u r e t h e i r e n e mi e s , w h o m h e w ou l d d r iv e
h ome , d e fe ate d fr om t h e b o rd e r s o f A t t i c a Fr om t h i s i t
, .

w ou l d se e m t h at t h e g h os t o f E u ry s t h e u s w as s u pp ose d t o
g u ard A t t i c a ag ai n s t i n v as i on h en c e w e can u n d e r s t an d w h y
h i s b od s h ou l d b e d ivi d e d i n t w o an d t h e s e v e r e d p ar t s
y
.

b u r i e d i n d i ffe i e n t p as s e s b y w h i ch e n e mi e s mig h t march

i nt o t h e c o u nt r y , b e c au s e i n t h i s w ay t h e g h os t mig h t
r e aso nab ly b e e xp e c t e d t o d o d ou b l e d u t y as a s e n t i n e l 0 1
s pi ri t u al o u t p o s t i n t w o i mp o r t an t pl a c e s at t h e s a me t i me .

Si mil ar ly t h e d e ad Oed ip u s i n h i s g rav e at A t h e n s w as

b e li e v e d t o p r o t e c t t h e c ou n t r y an d e n s u r e i t s w e l far e Se e.

S op h o c l e s , O edip u s Ool on eu s , 5 7 6 s q q , 1 5 1 8 —1 5 34 , 1 7 6 0— 1 7 6 5 ;
.

A r i s t i d e s , Or xlvi v ol ii p 2 30 , e d G Di nd orf S o O r e s t e s
. . . . . . . . .

i n g r at i t u d e fo r h i s ac q u i t t al at A t h e n s , i s r e p r e s e n t e d b y
A e s ch yl u s as p 1 0 1 n i s i ng t h a t e v e n w h e n h e i s i n h i s g r av e h e
will p r e v e nt an y A 1 giv e l e ad er f r o m c h 1 n fr ag ai n s t A t t i c a .

S e e A e s ch y l u s E u men i d es 7 3 2 ( 7 6 2 ) s q q
, A n d E u r ipi d e s
.

mak e s He c t o r d e c l ar e t h at t h e f or e ig ne r s w h o h ad fo u g h t 1 1 1
n o s mall s e c u r i t y t o t h e c i t y
”
d e fe n c e of T r o y w e r e e ven

when t h e y h ad fall e n an d w e r e lyi n g i n t h e i r h e ap e d u p

“ -

g rav e s . S e e E u r ipi d e s , Rh esu s , 4 1 3 4 1 5 -

.T h es e e x ampl e s
s h o w t h at i n t h e o pi n i o n o f t h e G r e e k s t h e g h os t s e v e n o f

fo re ig n e r s c ou l d s e r v e as g u ard i an s pi r i t s o f a c o u n t r y t o
w h i ch t h e y w e re at t ach ed b y t ie s o f g rat i t u d e o r affe c t i on
fo r i n e ach o f t h e c as e s I h av e c i t e d t h e d e ad man w h o w as
t h o u g h t t o p r o t e c t e i t h e r A t t i c a o r T r o y w as a s t 1 an cgDe r f1 o n1
a s t r an g e l an d . S o me o f t h e S cyt h ian s i n an t iq u i t y u s ed t o
'

c u t o ff t h e h e ad s o f t h e i r e n e mi e s and s t i c k t h e m 0 11 p o l e s

2 80
 TH E L I B R A RY , 1 1 . VIII . 2

A ft e r E u ry s t he u s h ad p e ri s he d , th e H e racl i d s
c ame to att a c k Pe l oponnes e an d t he y c apt u re d all
th e ci t ie s .
1
When a y e ar h ad e l ap se d fr om t heir
o v e r t h e ch i mn e y s of t h e i r h ou s es w h e r e t h e s k u ll s w e re ,

s u pp o s e d t o ac t as w at c h me n or g u ard i an s p e rh ap s b y ,

re p e lli ng any f ou l fi e nd s t h at mig h t at t e mp t t o en t e r t h e

d w e lli n g b y c omi n g d ow n t h e ch i mn e y S e e H e r o d ot u s .
,

iv 1 0 3 So t r i b e s i n B o r n eo w h o mak e a p rac t i c e of c u t t i n g
. .
,

o ff t h e h e ad s o f t h e i r e n e mi e s and g ar n i s h i n g t h e i r h ou s e s

wi t h t h es e t ro p h i es i mag in e t h at t h e y can p ro pi t i at e t h e ,

s pi r i t s o f t h e i r d e ad f o e s an d c on v e r t t h e m i n t o fr i e n d s an d

p rot e c t o r s b y add re ssi n g t h e s k u ll s i n e n d e ar in g l an gu ag e an d

o ffe r i n g t h e m f o od S e e S p i ri ts of th e C or n an d of th e Wi ld . ,

i 2 9 4 s qq T h e r e fe r e n c e s i n G r e e k l e g e n d t o me n w h o h ab i t u
. .

ally r e li e v e d s t ran g e r s o f t h e i r h e ad s w h i ch t h e y add e d t o ,

t h e i r c o ll e c t i o n of s k u ll s may p oi n t t o t h e f o r me r e xi s t e n c e ,

a mon g t h e G r e e k s o f a p r ac t i c e o f c oll e c t i n g h u man s k u ll s fo r

t h e p u r p os e o f se c u r i n g t h e g h os t ly p r o t e c t i o n o f t h e i r l at e
o w n e rs S e e n o t e s o n ii 5 1 1 ( A n t ae u s ) ii 7 7 ( Cy c n u s )
. . .
-
, . . .

C o mp ar e Ep i tome ii 5 ( Oen o mau s ) n o t e 0 1 1 i 7 8 ( E v e n u s ) , . . . .

1
Fo r t h e fir s t at t e mp t e d i n v as i on o f t h e Pe l o p onn e s e b y
t h e He r ac l i d s or s on s o f H e rc u l e s s e e Di od oru s S i c u l u s iv , ,
.

58 1 4 . Th e i n v as i o n i s c ommo n ly s p ok e n o f as a r e t u r n
— .
,

b e c au s e t h o u g h t h e i r fat h e r He rc u l e s h ad b e e n b o r n at
,

T h e b e s i n B oe ot i a h e r e g ar d e d M y c e n ae an d T i r y n s t h e , ,

ki n gd om o f h i s f o re fat h e r s as h i s t r u e h ome Th e w o rd ,
.

(d S ) h er e e mpl oy e d b y A p o ll o d or u s i s r e g u l arly appli e d

o os

b y G r e e k w r i t e r s t o t h e r e t u r n of e xil e s fr o m b an i s h me n t ,

an d i n p ar t i c u l ar t o t h e r e t u r n of t h e He rac l i d s S e e fo r .
,

e x ampl e S t r ab o v i ii 3 3 0 p 354 v i ii 4
, 1 p 35 9 v ii i 5 5
, . .
, .
,
. .
, .
, . .
,

p 3 6 5 v i ii 6 1 0 p 3 7 2 vii i 7 1 p 3 83 v i i i 8 5 p 3 89
.
, . .
, .
, . .
, .
, . .
, .
,

i x 1 7 p 39 2 x 2 6 p 4 5 1 x i i i 1 3 p 5 8 2 xiv 2 6 p 6 5 3 ;
. .
, .
, . .
, .
, . .
, .
, . .
, .

Pau s an i as i v 3 3 v 6 3 T h e c o rr es p on d i n g v e r b s
'

, . .
p ,
. . .
, Kar e

t o r e t u r n fr o m e xil e
”
t o b r in g b ac k
1
x eofla t, an d 7 , 71 017 0 6 1 17 ,

fr o m e x il e are b ot h u s e d b y A p o ll od o ru s i n t h es e s e n s e s
”
, .

S e e ii 7 2 and 3 ii 8 2 an d 5 iii 1 0 5
. . T h e fi n al r e t u r n
, . .
, . . .

o f t h e He rac li d s i n c o n j u n c t i on wi t h t h Do r i an s t o t h e
, e ,

Pe l op o n n e s e i s d at e d b y T h u c y d id e s ( i 1 2 3 ) i n t h e e i g h t i e t h . .

y e ar af te r t h e c ap t u r e o f T r oy ; acc or d i ng t o Pau s an i as
(i v 3 . i t o ccu rr e d t w o g e ne r at i o ns aft e r t h at e v e n t w h i ch
.
.

t all i e s f ai r ly w i t h t h e e s t i mat e o f T h u c y d id e s V elle iu .

s

2 81
 A P O LL O D O RU S

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‘
-
. ar .

S e e t h e e x e g e t i c al n ot e .

Pat er cu l u s ( i 2 1 ) ag r e e s wi t h T h u c y d i d e s as t o t h e d at e
. .
,

an d ad d s for o u r f u r t h e r s at i s f ac t i on th at t h e r e t u r n t oo k
pl ac e on e h u nd r e d an d t w en t y y e ars af t e r He rc u l e s h ad b e e n
pro mot e d t o t h e r an k of d e i t y .

1
Diodor u s S icu l u s s ay s n ot h i n g o f t h i s r e t u r n o f t h e
H e r acl i d s t o A t t i c a af t e r t h e pl ague b u t h e r e c o r d s ( i v , 5 8 3 ,
.
.

2 82
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b u t n o t b y B e kk e r H e rch e r an d W ag ne r :
i
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f e ov .

l v e s h o u l d p e rh ap s r e ad
2
w m eé w a s on j e c t u r e d
e b y Comme l i n u s p r e fe rr e d b y
c ,

G al e ; m e w a He y n e r e W e s t e r mann M u ll e r B e kk e r
e
’

, .
, ,

He rch e r app ar e n t ly foll o wi ng t h e M S S W ag n e r s n o t e

,
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n e r , w h i ch I c a nn o t c on s t ru e .

Pau s an i as at fir s t d at e d t h e r e t u r n of t h e He racl i d s i n
1

t h e r e i g n o f t h i s ki ng ( ii 1 8 7 , iii l 5 c omp are i v 3 . . . . . .

b u t h e af t e r w ard s r e t r ac t e d t h i s O p in i o n ( v i ii : 5 .

T h i s A r i s t o mach u s w as a so n o f Cl e o d ae u s ( Pau s an i as , ii .

7 . w h o w as a s on of Hyll u s ( Pau s ani as , iii 1 5 wh o . .

w as a s o n o f He rc u l e s ( Pau s ani as , i 3 5 A r i s t o ni ach u s . .

w as t h e fat h e r o f A r i s t od e mu s , T e me n u s , an d Cr e s p h on t e s
( Pau s an i as , ii 1 8 7 , viii 5 o f w h o m T e me n u s an d
. . . .

Cr e sp h on t e s l e d t h e He rac l i d s an d Do r i an s i n t h e i r fi nal
i n v as i on an d c on q u e s t o f Pe l o p onn e s e ( Pau s an i as ii 1 8 7 , , . .

v 3 5 s q v 4 1 , viii 5 6 x 3 8
. . . . Comp ar e He ro d o t u s
. . . . . . .
,

vi 5 2 , w h o i nd i c at e s t h e d e s c e n t o f A i i s t o d e nl u s fro m He r
.

c u l e s c on c i s e ly b y s p eaki n g o f A ri s t od e i nu s , t h e s o n o f
“

2 84
 T HE L I B RA RY , II . v m . 2

O re s t e s , was rei g n i n g o v er t h e Pe l op o nn esi an s A n d .

1

in an ot her b at t l e t h e Pe l op onnesi ans w ere v ic t o ri ou s ,

an d Aris t o m ach u s 2
w as s l ain Bu t w hen t h e s o ns
.

’
3
o f Cl e od ae u s w ere gr ow n t o m an s es t at e t hey ,

in q u ire d o f t h e orac l e c oncerni n g t heir re t u rn A n d .

t h e g od h av in g g i v en t h e s ame ans w er as b e fo re ,

T emen u s bl ame d him s ay i n g t h at w h e n t h e y h ad

,

o be e d t h e o r ac l e t h e h ad b ee n u n for t u n at e B ut
y y .

t h e g od re t o r t e d t h at t he y w ere t h e m se l v e s t o b l am e
for t heir mis fo r t u n e s for t he y d i d n ot u n d ers t an d t h e
,

o r ac l e s s e ei n g t h at b
, y t h e t hir d cr o p
“
h e m e an t ,

n o t a cr o
p o f t h e e ar t h b u t a c rO
p ,
o f a g e n erat i o n ,

an d t h at b t h e n arr o w s he me an t t h e br o ad b e ll ie d
y
-

s e a on t h e ri gh t o f t h e I s t h m u s O n h e ari n g t h at
4
.
,

A r i s t omach u s , t h e s on of Cl e odae u s , t h e s on o f Hyll u s Thu s ,

.

acc o r d i n g t o t h e t r ad i t i on al g e n e al o gy , t h e c o nq u e r o r s o f t h e
Pe l op o nn e s e w e r e g r e at g r e at - g r an d so n s of He rc u l e s
-
Wi t h
.

r e gard t o A r i st omach u s , t h e fat h e r of t h e c o nq u e ro rs , Pau sa

n i as s a s ( ii 7 6 ) t h at h e mi s s e d h i s ch an c e of r e t u r n i n g t o
y . .

Pe l op onn e se t hr ou g h mi s t aki n g t h e me an i n g o f t h e o r ac l e .

T h e r e fe r e n c e s e e ms t o b e t o t h e o r ac l e ab ou t t h e n arr ow s ,
”

w h i ch i s r ep o r t ed b y A p oll od o r u s ( s e e b e l ow , n ot e
3
A s He y n e p oi n t e d o u t , t h e n ame Cl e o d ae u s h e r e i s
al mos t c e r t ai n ly w ro n g , w h e t h e r w e s u pp os e t h e mi s t ak e t o
h av e b ee n mad e b y A p oll odo ru s h i ms e l f or b y a Copy i s t For .

Cl e o d ae u s w as t h e f at h e r o f A r i s t o mach u s , w h ose d e at h i n
b at t l e A p oll o dor u s h as j u s t r e c o r d e d ; an d , as t h e s e q u e l
c l e ar l y p r o v e s , t h e r e f e r en c e i s h e r e n ot t o t h e b rot h e rs b u t
t o t h e s on s o f A r i s t o mach u s , n ame l y , T e me nu s an d C r e s
p h on t es t h e c o n q u e r or s of t h e Pe l o p o n n e s e
, Co mp ar e t h e
.

p r e c ed i n g n o t e .

4
T h e o r ac l e w as r e c or d e d an d d e r i d e d b y t h e c y n i c al
p h il os op h e r Oenomau s w h o, h avi n g b e en d e c eiv e d b y w h at
,

p u r p ort e d t o b e a r e v e l at i on of t h e d e i t y , mad e i t h i s b u s i n e s s
t o e xp o s e t h e w h ol e o r ac u l ar mach i n e r y t o t h e r i d i c u l e an d
c on t e mp t of t h e p u b li c T h i s h e d i d i n a w or k e n t i t l e d On
.

O r acl es , 0 7 th e E xp osu r e of Qu acks , o f w h i ch E u s eb i u s h as

'

p r e s e r v e d some e x t r ac t s From one of t h e s e ( Eu se b iu s ,

.

2 85
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P r aep am ti o E v an g el i i , v 2 0 ) w e l ear n t h at w h e n A r i s t oma.

ch u s ap pli e d t o t h e o r ac l e , h e was ans w e red , T h e g od s “

d e c lar e v i c t o r y t o t h ee b y t h e w ay o f t h e n arr o w s
’
0 01

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’
17 p .

t o me an b y t h e I s t h mu s c f Co r i n t h , an d on t h at u n d e r
“ ”

s t an d i n g t h e H e r acl i d s at t e mp t e d t o e n t e r Pe l o p on n e se b y

t h e I s t h mu s , b u t w e r e d e f e at e d B e i n g t ax e d wi t h d e c e p t i on . ,

t h e g od e xpl ai n e d t h at w h e n h e s ai d t h e n arr o w s h e r e ally

me an t “
t h e b r o ad s , t h at i s t h e s e a at t h e mou t h o f t h e ,

G u l f of Cor i n t h Co mp ar e K O Mii l l e r , Di e D or i a , i 5 8 s q ,
.
-9
. . . .

w h o w ou l d r es t o r e t h e “
r e t or t c ou r t e o u s o f t h e o r ac l e i n

t w o i amb i c li n e s as f oll ow s
ar y dp,
’

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 T H E L I B RA RY, II . v m 3 .
—
4

t hey c h ance d t o l i g h t on O x y l u s s on of A n d rae mo n a , ,

man si t t in g on a on e e y e d h orse ( it s o t her e y e h av in g

-

bee n k n o c k e d o u t w i t h an arr o w ) ; for he h ad fl ed t o

El is o n acc ou n t o f a m u r d er an d w as n ow re t u rni n g ,

fr o m t here t o Ae t ol i a aft er t h e l ap se of a y e ar 1
.

S o g u essin g t h e p u r p or t o f t h e o r ac l e t he y m ad e ,

h im t heir g u i d e A n d h av i n g e n gag e d t h e enem y

.

t he y g ot t h e be t t er o f him b o t h b y l an d an d s e a ,

an d s l e w T i s am e n u s so n o f O res t es
2
,
T heir all ies .
,

Pamp h y l u s an d D y m as t h e s ons o f Ae g imi u s al s o , ,

fe l l i n t h e fi g h t .

When t h e y h ad mad e t h e ms e l v e s mas t e r s o f Pe l o

p on n e se t,
h e
y s e t u
p t hr e e al t ar s o f P at er n al Ze us ,

an d s acrifice d u p on t h e m an d c as t l ot s for t h e ,

ci t ies S o t h e firs t d raw in g w as fo r Arg o s t h e sec on d

.
,

for Lace d aem on an d t h e t hir d fo r M esse n e

,
And .

t he y br ou gh t a p i t ch e r o f w at er an d res ol v e d t h at ,

e ach sh o u l d c as t in a l o t N o w T emen u s an d t h e .

t wo s on s o f Aris t o d em u s Pro c l e s an d E u ry s t h e n e s , ,

t hre w s t on es ; B u t Cres ph o n t es w ishi n g t o h av e ,

M essene all o tt e d t o h im t hre w in a c l o d o f e ar t h , .

As t h e c l od w as d i s s ol v e d i n t h e w at er i t c o u l d n ot b e ,

b u t t h at t h e ot h e r t w o l ot s sh ou l d t u r n u p T h e l ot .

o f T eme n u s h av i n g been d r aw n firs t an d t h at o f ,

t h e s on s o f Aris t od e mu s s ec o n d Cr e s p h on t es g o t ,

1
h omi c i d e i s s aid t o h av e b e en acc i d e nt al acc ord i ng
Th e
t o on e acc ou n t t h e vi c t i m w as t h e h o mi c i d e s b r o t h e r
’
, Se e .

Pau s an i as v 3 7 , A s t o t h e b an i s h me n t o f a mu r d e r e r fo r
. . .

a y e ar s ee n ot e on ii 5 1 1
, . . .

2
Pau s an i as giv e s a d i ffe r e n t acc ou n t o f t h e d e at h o f
Ti same n u s He s ay s t h at b e i ng e xp e ll e d fr o m Lac e d ae mon
.
,

and A r g o s b y t h e r e t u r ni n g He racl i d s ki ng T is ame n u s l e d ,

an ar my t o A ch ai a and t h e r e f e ll i n a b at t l e wi t h t h e I on i an s ,

wh o t h e n i n h ab i t e d t h at d i s t r i ct o f G r e e c e S e e Pau s an i as .
,

ii. vii l 7 s q . . .

2 89
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4
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,

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.
i

a t o w n n e ar Si c y o n S e e Pau s an i as , ii 1 1 3 — ii
. . . .

S t e ph an u s i B y zan t i ns , T h aw , w h o r e c og n i z e s t h e ad
j e c5t i v e T 1 7 ‘o mos .

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6
.

1
A s t o t h e d rawi n g o f t h e l ot s , an d t h e s t r at ag e m b y
w h i ch C r e s p h o n t e s s e c u r e d Me sse n i a for h i ms e l f, s e e Pol v
ae n u s , S W ateg i 6 ; Pau s an i as , iv 3 4 s q
. . S o p h oc l e s all u d e s . . .

t o t h e s t r at ag e m ( Aj ax , 1 2 83 s q q wi t h t h e S ch oli as t o n .

2 9 0
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1
Comp ar e Hygi n u s , Fab 1 3 7 . .

2
Comp ar e Pau s an i as , i v 3 7 . . s q. ( w h o d oe s n o t n am e

PO IV p h on t e s ) ; Hy gi n u s , Fa b 1 8 4 . . A cc or d i ng t o Hy gi n u s ,

2 9 2
 T HE L I B RA RY , I I . VIII .
5

t hr o ne an d w i fe ag ai n s t her w i ll M er op e
t oo k t o , , ,

t h e wi fe o f t h e m u r d ered man 1
B u t h e t oo w as
.

s l ai n
. Fo r M er o p e h ad a t hir d s o n c all e d Ae py t u s
, ,

wh o m sh e gav e t o her o w n fat her t o b rin g u p When .

he was c ome t o m anh ood h e secre t ly re t u r n e d ,

k i ll e d Poly p h on t e s an d rec ov ere d t h e k i n g d om o f

,

his fat her s 2

.

t h e n ame of th e s on Cr e s p h on t e s w h o s u r vi v e d t o av e n g e
of
h i s fat h e r s mu r de r was Te l e p h on Th i s s t o r y o f M e r op e ,
’
.

A e py t u s , an d P oly p h on t e s i s t h e t h e me o f M at t h e w A rn ol d s
’

t rag e d y M 6 70 29 6 , an i mi t at i o n o f t h e an t i q u e .

2 93
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1
E mp er i u s , B ekke 1 , He rch e r , Wag n e r 6 6,0 16a
1>0 1 y i 71 7717
< .

A , W e s t e r mann , M ii ll e r , w h o b r ac k e t s t h e c l au se wapay e v o
5
ALG V O S 6 1 5 E 6 a 7r7 717
, p .

1
S e e ab o v e , ii 1 4 . . .

2
T h e an c i e n t s w e r e not a g r e ed as to th e g en e al ogi e s of
t h e s e my t h i c al an c e s t or s of t h e Ph oe n i c i an s , Cili c i an s an d ,

T h e b an s S ee t h e S ch oli as t on A p o ll on i u s R h od i u s A 7 g on
.
, .

1 7 8 iii 1 1 8 6
.
,Amon g t h e au t h ori t i e s w h ose d iv e r gen t
. .

vi e w s are re p or t e d i n t h es e p as s ag e s b y t h e S ch oli as t are

He s i od Ph e r e c y de s As c l e pi ad e s an d A n t i mach u s
, Mo s ch u s
, , .

( ii 4 0 an d 42 ) ag r e e s wi t h A p oll o do r u s t h at t h e mot h e r o f
.

Eu ro pa w as T e l e p h as s a b u t d i ffe r s fr o m h i m as t o h e r f at h e r ,

( se e b e l o w ) A cc o r d i n g t o Hygi n u s ( Fab 6 an d
. th e .

mot h e r wh o b o r e Cad mu s an d E u r op a t o A g e n or w as n o t
T e l e p h as s a b u t A rgi o p e A cc or d i n g t o E u r ipi d e s A g en m .
,

h ad t hr e e s on s Cilix Ph oe n ix an d Th asu s , S ee S ch oli as t , , .

o n E u r ipi d e s P h oem s s ae 6 Pau s an i as ag r e es wi t h r e g ar d

'

.
, ,

t o T h as u s s ay i n g t h at t h e n at i v e s of T h asos w e r e Ph oen i ci ans

,

b y d e s c e n t an d t r ac e d t h e i i o r igi n t o t h i s T h as u s s on o f ,

6
2
9
 BO O K III

I H A V I N G n o w r u n o v er t h e fami l y o f In ac h u s an d
.

d escri b e d t he m fr o m B e l u s d o w n t o t h e H e rac l i d s ,

w e h av e n e x t t o s p e ak o f t h e h ou s e o f A g e n o r For .

as I h av e s ai d 1 L i b ya h ad b y P o sei d o n t w o s o ns
, ,

Be l u s an d A g en or No w B e l u s rei g n e d o v e r t h e
.

Egy pt i an s an d b e g at t h e afo res ai d s o n s b u t A g en o r

w e n t t o Ph oe nici a m arrie d T e l e p h ass a an d b e gat a
, ,

d au g h t e r E u r o pa an d t hre e s on s Cad m u s Ph o eni x , , ,

an d Ci l i x i B u t s ome s ay t h at E u r op a w as a d au g h t e r
2

A g e n o r ( Pau s an i as , v 2 5 . . I n sayi n g t h i s , Pau san i as

foll ow e d He r odot u s , wh o t e ll s u s t h at t h e Ph oen i c i an c o l on i s t s
of T h as os d i s c o v e r e d w o n d e rf u l g o l d mi n e s t h e r e , w h i ch t h e
h i s t ori an h ad vi s i t e d ( He rod ot u s , v i 4 6 . an d t h at t h e y
h ad fou n d e d a s an c t u ar y o f He rc u l e s i n t h e i s l and ( ii .

He r od ot u s al so ( v ii 9 1 ) r e p re s en t s C ilix as a son of t h e
.

Ph o e n i c i an A g e n or , an d h e t e ll s u s ( iv 1 4 7 ) t h at Cad mu s , son
.

of A g e no r , l e f t a P h oe n i c i an c o l ony i n t h e i s l an d o f T h e r a .

Di od or u s S i cu l u s r e p o r t s ( v 59 2 s q ) t h at Cadmu s , s o n of
. . .

A g e nor , pl an t e d a Ph oe n i c i an c ol on y i n R h od e s , an d t h at t h e
d e s c e n d an t s of t h e c ol on i s t s c ont i nu e d t o h ol d t h e h e r e d i t ar y
p r i e st h oo d of Pose idon , w h ose w or s h ip h ad b e e n i n s t i t u t ed
b y Cad mu s . He me n t i o n s al s o t h at i n t h e s an c t u ary o f
A t h e n a at Li ndu s , i n R h od e s , t h e r e w as a t r ip o d o f an c i e n t
s t yl e b e ar i n g a P h o en i c i an i n s cr ip t i on Th e s t at e me n t h as
.

b e e n c o n fir me d i n r e c e n t y e ar s b y t h e di s c o v e r y of t h e offic i al
r e c or d o f t h e t e mpl e of Li n di an A t h ena i n R h od e s For i n .

t h i s r e c o r d , e ng r av e d on a mar b l e s l ab , t h e re o cc u r s th e
foll owi ng e nt ry : “
Cad mu s ( d e d i c at e d ) a b r on ze t rip od
e ng r av e d wi t h P h oe n i c i an l e t t e r s , as Pol y z al u s r e l at e s i n t h e
fo u r t h b ook of t h e h i s t or i e s ”
. Se e Ch r Bli n k e nb e r g , L a
.

2 97
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. 8 1 61
7 i7s 011 71 11 0 w h i ch 0 77 5 , , as Hey n e s ay s s e e m t o h av e , a r i sen
t hr ou g h c on f u s i on wi t h th e foll owi n g ém BzBao oe i a a v 6 1 61 775
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7 7 1/610 V S e v i n u s : 71 p 671 0 17 01 77 0 7 17 10 17 6 Cl avi e r ( c omp ar i n g S ch oli as t

o n Ho me r , I l xii 2 9 2 , 77A A 11 56 1/ 6av7 61/ e 1 s 7 01 1! 71 01 1 01 1 7 6 7 ou
. .
v
0 7 6711 01 7 0 3 71 671 0 17 6 6 1 1717 o r 671 70 8 10 17 0 5 01 1 7 6 71 8 7 W ag n e r
p 71 6 8 [ 7 0 1

( c omp ar i n g M o s ch u s , 1 1 7 0 ) .

C h r on i qu e d a T emp l e L i nd Len ( Cop e n h ag e n , p 32 4 . .

Ho w e v e r , fr om s u ch l e g e n d s al l t h at w e can s af e l y i n f e r i s
t h at t h e G r e e k s t rac e d a b l oo d r e l at i on s h ip b e t w e e n t h e
Ph o e n i c i an s an d Cil i c i an s , an d r e c og n i se d a P h oe n i c i an
e l e me n t i n s o me o f t h e G r e e k i s l an d s an d p ar t s o f t h e mai n

l and I f E u r op a w as, as s e e ms p os si b l e , a p e r s on i fic at i on of
.

t h e moon i n t h e s h ap e o f a cow ( s e e Th e D y i n g G od , p .

w e mig h t p e rh ap s i n t e r p r e t t h e q u e s t of t h e son s o f A g e n or
fo r t h e i r l os t s i s t e r as a my t h i c al d e s cr ip t i o n o f P h o en i c i an
mari n e r s s t e e r i n g w e st w ar d t ow ard s t h e moon w h i ch t h ey
s aw wi t h h er s ilv e r h o r n s s e t t i n g i n t h e s e a .

1
E u r o p a w as a d au g h t e r of P h oe n ix , acc or d i n g t o Home r
( I l xiv 3 2 1
. . B acch yli d e s ( xvi 2 9 s q q p 3 7 6 , e d eb b ) . . . . J ,

an d M os ch u s ( ii S o , t o o , t h e S ch ol i as t on Ho me r ( I l xii
. . .

2 92 ) c all s Eu r o p a a d au g h t e r of Ph oe n ix Th e S ch oli as t o n .

Pl at o ( T Lma eu s , p 2 4 E ) s p e ak s o f E u r o p a as a d au g h t e r o f
. .

2 98
 A P O L LO D O R U S

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11 111 1 0 0 10 01 17 7 1717 1561 601 11 7 0 17 11 6 111 617 7717 x a7pa17 1 7 0 7 12 11 93 0 1517 6 7 7 1 1 ;

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[v 6p K 1 A 1 11 iav 6 11 1iA 6 0 6 He y n e , W e s t e rmann , M ul l e r , B e k

’
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ke r . T hi s s e e ms t o b e t h e r e ad i n g o f al l t h e M SS W ag n e r .

al t e r s t h e p ass ag e as f o ll o w s 11 11 1 77 11 0 01 17 7 7717 11 6 1 1 6177717 x w a»

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s el f Cili c i a B u t wi t h t h i s l e arran g e me n t t h e w or d s 11 6 1
.

71 617 7717 x wpa y b e c ome u n g r ammat i c al as t h e y s t an d , an d t o

r e s t or e t h e g rammar t h e y mu s t b e t r an sp os e d an d p l ac ed
af t e r 11 11 71 671 01 , s o as t o r e ad : 11 01 1 77 81 0 111 17 7 9717 77 0 7 11 11 43 0 6 17 6 7 7 11 5
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’

I l vpo / eas
‘

s i mpl
y o m i t s 7
0 11 6 01 11 7 0 11 , w h i ch i s e u al l
’

q y f a t al t o th e
g 1 a m
1 n a1 . I t I S b e t t e r t o k e e p t h e M S r e ad i n g , w h i ch giv e s an .

u n ob j c c t i o n ab l e s e n s e .

(9 71 6 11 77 H e y n e T h is g i v e s t h e s e n s e
6 '
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30 0
 T HE LI BR A R Y ,
II I . 1. 1 —
2

a cc o rdi n g t o Ph e re cy d e s o f Ci li x w e n t fo r t h in , ,
l

s e arch o f h er Bu t w hen aft er di l i g en t se arch t he y

.
, ,

c o u l d n ot fi n d Eu r op a t h e y gav e u p t h e t h ou g h t o f ,

re t u rnin g h om e an d t oo k u p t heir ab od e in d i v ers

,

l aces ; Ph o eni x s e t t l e d i n Ph o e n ici a ; Ci l i x se t t l e d

p
n e ar Ph o e n ici a an d al l t h e c o u n t r s u bj ec t t o him
, y
se l f ne ar t h e ri v e r Py ramu s he c all e d Ci l ici a ; an d
Cadmu s an d T e l e p h ass a t o o k u p t heir ab o d e i n
T hr ace an d i n l i k e man n e r T h as u s fo u n d e d a ci t y
2
T h asu s in an is l an d off T hr ac e an d d w e l t t here .

N ow As t eri u s p rinc e o f t h e Cr e t an s m arrie d

, ,
3
E u r op a an d b ro u g h t u p h e r c hi l d re n B u t w he n .

t he y w ere g r o w n u p t h e y q u arre ll e d w i t h e ach ,

o t h e r ; fo r t h e l oved a b o c all e d M i l e t u s son o f

y y ,

A p oll o b y Ari a d au g h t e r of Cl e o c h u s ,
4
A s th e
b oy w as m o r e fri e n d l y t o S ar p e d on M in o s w en t t o ,

w ar an d h ad t h e b e t t er o f i t an d t h e o t hers fl e d ,
.

1
A cc or d i n g to so me wri t e r s , T h e s u s was a s on o f A g e no r .

See v
ab o e , n o t e o n p 296 . .

2
A p o ll o dor u s p r ob ab ly me an t t o s ay t h at T h as u s c o l on i z e d
t h e i sl an d o f T h as os T h e t e x t may b e c o rr u p t S e e Cr i t i c al
. .

N ot e For t h e t rac e s of t h e P h o e n i c i an s i n T h as os s e e
.
,

ab o v e n o t e on p 2 9 6
,
. .

3
Comp ar e S ch oli as t on H o me r I l xii 2 9 2 ; Di od oru s , . .

S i cu l u s i v 6 0 3 ( w h o c all s t h e k i n g A s t e r i u s )
,
. . O n t h e p l ac e .

o f A s t e r i o n or A s t e r i u s i n C r e t an m t h ol o gy se e A B Cook
y , . .
,

Z eu s i 5 4 3 s qq
, . .

4
W i t h t h e f oll owi ng l e g e nd of t h e fou nd at i on o f M il e t u s
c omp ar e A n t oni nu s Li b e ral i s T r an sfor m 30 Pau s ani as vii , .
, .

2 5
. S ch oli as t on A p oll on i u s R h od i u s A rg on i 1 8 6 ,
. . .

re q u ir ed h av e t rans l at ed acc ordi ngly Herch e r as u s u al

. I .

c u t s t h e d i ffic u l t y b y o mi t t i n g 6 9 7 77 17
2
1 0 71 .

A a p s W ag n e r ( r e f e rr i n g t o Diod oru s S i cu l u s i v
’
7 ’
7 e io , .

60 A Lr p A He y n e W e st e r mann Mii l l e r Be kk e r
’
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He rch e r .

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re ov ,
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M ull e r B e kk e r H ercher
, , .

1
Comp ar e He rod ot u s , i 1 7 3 ; Di o d oru s S i cu l u s v .
, .

S tr a bo , xii 8 5 , p 5 7 3 ; P a u s a n i a s , vii 3 7
. . S ar p ed on w as
. . . .

w o rs h ip ed as a hero 1 11 y c i a S e e W Dit t e nb e rg e r , Omen ti s L . .

Gr ae cz n s cmp ti on es S el ectae , N o 5 5 2 ( vo l ii p . . . .

2
Comp ar e Di o d oru s S i c u l u s , v 7 9 1 s q . . .

3
See a b ov e ii ,
. 4 . 11 no te .

Dau g h t e r of the Su n ; c o mpar e A po lloni u s R h od i u s ,

3 0 2
 A PO LL O D O RU S

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1
é mipEe y mi t t e d b y He rch e r Th e
’

o .

w or d s m ou t of pl ac e h e i e
se e B u t t h e y o cc u r i n S as w e ll .

as E é wnpge v E S : v r npge v A
. .

2
Au BLov m l H e y ne We s t e r mann M u ll e r : BaALw E S A
'
‘ ‘
, , ,

Wag n e r BaA LoV

‘
Ka i B ekk e 1 . EV SOBGV E S
'
: 501 0 9 6 11 A .

Comp are Diodoru s S i cu l u s , w

1
J T z e t z es Ch i lmd es . .
, ,

1. 4 7 9 s qq ( wh o s e e ms t o f oll o w A p oll od oru s ) ; Lact an t iu s

.

Placi d u s , on S t at i u s , T h eb v 4 3 1 , acc or di n g t o w h o m t h e . .

b u l l was s en t , i n answe r t o Mi nos s p r ay e r , n ot b y Pose i d on

’
’
-

b u t b y J u pi t e r ( Z eu s ) .

30 4
 T HE L I B RA RY , II I . 1 .
—
3 4

an d i n p r oo f he s ai d t h at W h at e v e r h e p r ay e d
of it
for w ou l d be d o ne A n d i n s acrificin g t o P o seid on
.

he p ray e d t h at a b u ll mi g h t ap p e ar fr om t h e d e pt hs ,

r o misi n g t o s acrifi ce i t w h e n i t a e are d P o sei d on

p pp .

d i d s e n d h im u p a fine b u ll an d M i n o s o b t ai n e d ,

t h e k i n g d om b u t h e se n t t h e b u ll t o t h e her d s an d
,

s acrifice d an o t her 1 Bei n g t h e firs t t o o b t ai n t h e

d omi n i on o f t h e s e a h e e x t e n d ed his r u l e o v er
,

al m o s t all t h e is l an d s
2
B u t an g ry at him for n ot
.

s acrifici n g t h e b u ll P o s e i d o n m ad e t h e an i mal s av ag e
, ,

an d c on t ri v ed t h at P asi p h ae sh ou l d c o ncei v e a
a ssi o n for i t
3 I n her l o v e for t h e b u ll she fou n d an
p .

acc om l ice i n D ae d al u s an archi t ec t w h o h ad bee n

p , ,

b an ishe d fr o m At he n s for m u r d e r 4
H e c o ns t r u c t e d .

a w oo d e n c o w o n w h e e l s t o o k i t h oll o w e d i t ou t i n , ,

t h e insi d e se w e d i t u p i n t h e h i d e o f a c o w w hich
,

h e h ad s k i n n e d an d s e t i t in t h e m e ad o w i n w hich
,

t h e b u ll u se d t o g r az e T he n he i n t r o d u ce d P asi p h ae
.

i n t o i t ; an d t h e b u ll c ame an d c ou p l e d w i t h i t as i f ,

i t w ere a re al cow A n d s h e g av e b ir t h t o A s t eri u s

.
,

wh o w as c all e d t h e M i n o t au r H e h ad t h e face of a .

b u ll b u t t h e r e s t of h i m w as h u man ; an d M in o s i n
, ,

c omp l i an ce w i t h cer t ai n o rac l e s sh u t him u p an d ,

g u ar d e d him i n t h e L ab y ri n t h N ow t h e Laby ri n t h .

w hich D aed al u s c o ns t ru c t e d w as a ch am b er t h at

Co mp ar e He r od o t u s , i 1 7 1 T h u cyd i d e s , i 4 an d 8
. . .

3
He r e A p oll o d o r u s s e e ms t o b e f oll owi n g E u r ipi d e s , w h o
i n a frag me n t of h i s d r ama, T h e C r e tan s , i n t r odu c e s P as ip h ae
e x c u s i n g h e rs e l f on t h e g rou n d t h at h e r p ass i o n for t h e b u ll

was a f or m of mad n ess i n fl i c t e d on h e r b y Pose i d o n as a

pu n i sh ment for t h e i mpi et y of h e r h u sb an d M i n os , w h o h ad
b r ok e n h i s v o w b n ot s acr i fic i n g t h e b u ll t o t h e se a g od S ee -
.

W S ch u b art u n U v on Wi l amow i t z Moell e n d orff, Gr i ech

. .
-

i s ch e D i ch terfr agmen te , ii ( B e r li n , pp 7 4 s q
. . .

4
S ee b e l o w , ii i 1 5 8 . . .

3 0 5
vo r. . 1 .
 A PO LLO D O RU S

vr a 9 2 6311 7 1711 650 30 11

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R , He rch e r , W ag ne r : pa a A : Kpn n
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Hey n e , W e s t e r mann , M ull e r B e kk e r ( c omp are S t e p h an u s

,

By z an t i n s , Rp m

1
I n t h e Gree k 01 w ord s are s e emi n gly a q u o t a
i g i n al t h e se
t i on fr o m a p oe m ,
p r ob ab ly a t r ag ed y — p ei h ap s S op h oc l e s s
t r ag e d y D a ed al u s , of w h i ch a fe w fr ag me n t s s u r viv e Se e .

T r ac or u m Graec oru m Fr ag men ta, e d f

N a11 0 k , p p 1 6 7 s q ; . A .
3
.

Th e r agmen ts of S op h oc l es , e d
F C P e ar son , v o l 1 . A . . . . pp .

1 1 0 s qq A s t o t h e M n ot au r an d t h e ab r n t h , c om ar e
. i l y i p
Di o d or u s S i cu l u s , i v 7 7 1 — 5 P u t arch , Th es eu s , 1 5 s qq . . l
H ygi
n u s , F a b 4 0 ; L ac t an t i u s P l ac i d u s , 0 11
. t at u s , A c h i l l S i .

1 92 l v
A s t o t h e o e s of Pas i h ae an d t h e b u , s e e a s o
. p ll l
S ch o as t on E u r i d e s , H 1p p oly tu s , 8 8 7 ; T z e t z e s , Ch ili ad es ,
li pi J .

i 4 7 9 s qq ;
. r , E el 4 5 s qq ; O d , A r s A mator
. Vi gil . vi . . vi . i .

2 89 s qq .

See b e o w, 1 5 7— 9 ; E p i tome,
l 7 11
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L1 9 H e y n e , He rch e r : 69 EA , “ l e s t e r man n , M u ll e r .

B e kk e r , W ag n e r .

3 6A 1 00 f1 0 a E
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0
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w h en s ome e vil was ab ou t t o b e fal l t h e s t at e an d s mall ,

b r on z e fi g u r e s o f b u l l s ar e s t ill s ome t i me s f o u n d on t h e mou n

t ai n S e e J T z e t z e s C h i l i ad es i v 390 s q q ; S ch o li as t o n
. .
, , . .

Pi nd ar O ly mp v ii ,
Ce c il T o rr op ci t p 7 6 wi t h
. . . . .
,

pl ate 4 Fu r t h e r w e k n ow from G r e ek i ns cr ip t i on s fo u nd i n
.
,

3 0 8
 T HE L I B RA R Y , III . 11. 1 —2

b e c ame t h e mu rder e r his s i s t e r For H erme s

of .

l ov ed her, an d as she fled fro m him and he c ou l d

n ot c at ch her bec au s e she e x ce ll e d him in s eed o f
, p
foot h e s p re ad fresh hi d es on t h e p at h on w hich
, , ,

re t u rni n g fr om t h e Sp ri n g sh e s l i p p e d an d so w as ,

d efl ow ere d S h e re v e al e d t o her b r o t h e r w h at h ad
.

h ap p en e d b u t he d ee m i n g t h e g o d a mer e p r e t e x t
, , ,

k ic k e d her t o d e at h A n d Cat r e u s gav e Aer o p e an d

.

Cl y m e n e t o N a u p l i u s t o se ll i n t o fo r e i g n l an d s ; an d
o f t h e se t wo A er o e b e c am e t h e w i fe o f P l is t he n es
p ,

w h o b e g at A g am e m n o n an d M e n e l au s ; an d Cly me n e
b ec ame t h e w i fe o f Nau pl i u s w h o b e c am e t h e fat h e r ,

o f O e ax an d P al ame d e s B u t aft er war d s i n t h e g ri p

.

o f o l d a e Cat re u s e ar n e d t o t r ans m i t t h e k i n g d om
g y
t o his s o n A l t h ae m e n e s an d w e n t fo r t h at p u rp o se t o
,

Rh od es A n d h av i n g l an d e d fr om t h e shi p w i t h t h e
.

her oe s at a d e s e r t p l ace of t h e is l an d h e w as ch ase d ,

b y t h e c o w her d s w h o im ag i n e d t h at t h e y w e r e
,

p ir at es o n a r ai d H e t o l d t hem t h e t r u t h b u t t he
.
y ,

c o u l d n ot he ar h i m fo r t h e b ark i n g o f t h e d og s ,

a n d w hi l e t h e y p e l t e d h i m A l t h ae m e n e s arri v e d

th e i s l an d t h at t h e r e r lg
w as a e i i ou s as so at o n c i i w h i ch
t oo k
i t s n ame o f T h e A tab y r i as ts om t h e d e t fr iy
; an d on e of t es e h
ins crip i t on s ( No 3 1 ) e o d s a ded
. r c r ic i
at on o f o e n o r b u s x ll
( 7 0 63 6 0 8 3 ) t o t h e g o d Se e I n s cr i p ti on es Graecae In s u laru m
.

R h odi , C h u lees , O arp ath i , cu m S ar o C as i , e d F H e d e

ill r . .

r li x
'

Braer t r i n g e n ( B e N os 3 1 , 1 6 1 , 8 9 1 Th e o e n s o
‘
n, . .

ic w r pr
d e d at e d e e ly r z i g
ob ab b on e ma e s of t h e an ma s , s u
i l ch
f il h gh
as ar e o u n d i n t h e s an d , t o u h gh h
Di t t e nb er g e r t ou t t at
h y w r liv x
t e e e i cri fic
e o e n d e s t n e d for s a p p r
e S e e h is a e , .

D e s acr i s R h od i or u m C ommen tati o al tem ( Ha e ,

ll pp
viii .sq w r h ip
. Th e o s y ri
o f A t ab an Z e u s may
w ll h v e a e b e en
h ic i
o f P oe n r igi
an o h v
n , for w e h h r
a e s e e n t at t e e w as a
h ici c l y
P oe n an o on h v
i n R od e s ( s e e ab o e , i i i 1 1 n o t e ) , an d t h e . .

n ame A t ab
yri li v S i ic
an i s b e e e d t o b e em t
iv , equ al e n t t o t h e
He b e Tab o
r w r c
S ee E n cy cl op a ed i a B i b li a,
. r “
Tab o ,
”

v ol i i i
. . . p r
c ol 4 8 8 1 s q q C o m a e A
B k. Coo , Z eu s , i 6 4 2 s qq
. . . .

3 9
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w r i t t en as a c o rr e c t i on ab o v e t h e li ne ) : 9 6a 11 B C, He y n e ,
M ii ll e r B e kk e r , .

2
1 6 B e kk e r 3 E A X
1 11 V ag n e r : 11 , .

1
Co mp ar e Di od oru s S i c u l u s , v 7 9 4 . . .

G l au c u s w as a s o n of M i ne s an d Pas ip h ae S e e ab o v e .
,

iii 1 2
. For t h e s t o ry of h i s d e at h an d r e s u rre c t i on , s e e
. .

T z e t z e s , S c h ol on L y c op h r on , 8 1 1 : A p os t ol i u s , C en t v
. . .

4 8 ; Pal ae p h at u s , D e i n cr ed i b 2 7 ; Hy gi n u s , F a b 1 3 6 ; i d . . .

A s tron om ii 1 4 S op h oc l e s an d E u r ipi d e s c o mp ose d t r ag e

. . .

d i es on t h e s u b j e c t S e e T r ag i cor u m Gr aecoru m F r agmen ta

. .

ed . A N au ck , p p 2 1 6 s qq , 5 5 8 s qq : T h e Fr ag me nt s of
.
z
. . .

S o p h ocl es e d A 0 Pe ar s on v ol 1 1 pp 5 6 s q q
, . . . . . . . .

3
Th e co w o r c al f ( fo r s o Hyg i nu s d e s cr i b e s i t ) was s ai d t o

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1
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5 2 7 0 87 0 A : 6 2 7 0 157 9) He y n e , M ii ll e r : 6 2
m fG V e s t e r man n
V
7 0 177 0 o v ra oz .

7r
pd7 e p0 v E R ( fir s t h an d ) : a
p am u R ( s e c on d h an d ,
cor

re c ted ) .

e p vrfr é a a z T z e t z es , S ch ol L y cop h r o n, 8 1 1 , He y n e
. on (in
n ot e ) B e kk e r , He rch e r ,
,
Wag ne r : e 7rt 1r7 15rra 1 E A , Hey n e
’

( in
t e x t ) \V e s t e r man n , M ull e r .

4
7 7 1 3 y a w e ia s E 7 h» p aw d a y A
-
.

1
A cc e p t i n g B e kke r
’
s e me n d at i on of th e te t x . S e e Cr i t i c al
N ot e .

A cc o r d i ng t o an o t h e r acc ou n t , G l au c u s w as rai s e d fr om
t h e d e ad b y A e s c u l api u s S e e b e l o w , iii 1 0 3 S ch oli as t 0 11 . . .

Pi n d ar , P y th i ii 5 4 ( 9 b ) ; Hy g i n u s , F ab 4 9 ; i d A s tr o n o m
. . . . .

3 1 2
 T HE L I BRA RY , III . 111 . I — IV . I

an
y h arm b e fe l t h e
b od y B ut an ot her ser en t
p.
1

came an d see i n g t h e former o n e d e ad de par t e d

, , , ,

and t hen re t u rne d b rin g in g a herb an d p l ace d

, ,

i t on t h e w h ol e b ody o f t h e o t her ; an d n o s o on e r
w as t h e herb so p l ace d u p o n i t t h an t h e d e ad s e r
en t c am e t o l i fe S u r rise d at t his si g h t
p P ol i du s
p .
y ,

a l ie d t h e s ame herb t o t h e b o d o f G l au c u s an d
pp y
rais e d him fr o m t h e de ad 2
M i n os h ad n ow g o t .

bac k his son b u t e v en s o h e d i d n ot s u ffe r P o ly id u s

,

t o d e p ar t t o Ar g o s u n t i l h e h ad t au g h t G l au c u s t h e
ar t o f d i v i n at i on P oly i d u s t au g h t him on c omp u l
.

s i on an d w h e n he w as s ai l i n g aw a
, y h e b ad e G l au c u s

s i t in t o h i s m o u t h G l au c u s d i d s o an d fo r g ot t h e
p .

ar t o f d i v i n at i o n 3
T h u s m u ch m u s t s u ffi c e fo r m v
acc ou n t o f t h e d escen d an t s o f E u r o a
p .

I V Wh e n T e l e p h as s a d i e d Cadm u s b u ri e d h e r
.
, ,

an d aft er b e i n g h o s i t ab l rec e i ve d b t h e T hr aci an s

p y y
h e c am e t o De l phi t o in q u ir e ab o u t E u r op a Th e .

o d t o l d h i m n o t t o t r o u b l e ab o u t Eu r o a b t t o
g p u ,

b e g u i d e d b y a c o w an d t o fo u n d a ci t y w here v e r
,

ii . 14 . Tong an t r ad i t i on a d e ad b oy i s b r o u g h t t o li f e
In a
b y b e i n g c o v e r e d wi t h t h e l e av e s of a c e r t ai n t r e e Se e .

Per e R e i t e r , r i i — xiii
”
T ad t o s
n T ong u i e n n e s ,
A n th p ,
r o o s x i i .

(1917 pp 1 036 s q an d A pp en d i x , T h e Re su rre c

. .
“

t i on of G l au c u s .

3
I t i s s ai d t h at w h e n Cas san d ra r e fu s e d t o g r an t h e r
f av ou r s t o A p oll o i n r et u r n for t h e gi f t of p r op h e c y w h i ch h e
h ad b es t o w e d on h e r , h e s p at i n t o h e r mo u t h and s o p r e v e nt e d
h e r fr o m c on vi n c i n g any b o d y of t h e t r u t h o f h e r p r op h e c i e s .

Se e S e r v i u s , on Vi r gil , A en ii On an c i e n t s u p e r s t i t io n s
. .

ab ou t s pi t t l e , s e e Pli n y , N at H i s t xxviii 3 5 s qq ; C d e
. . . . .

Me n sig nac , R ech erch es E th n ograp h i qu es 9 e la S al i v a et l e .

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Th e n ame s of t h e fi v e s u rviv o r s of t h e Sp ar t i are s i mil ar l y
r e p or t e d b y Pau s an i as ( ix 5 t h e S ch oli as t on A p oll o ni u s
. .

Rh od i u s ( A rg on iii . an d Hy gi n u s ( F ab
. Fr om .

t h e S ch oli as t on A p oll on i u s w e l e ar n t h at t h e i r n ame s

w e r e giv e n i n l i k e mann e r b y Ph e re cy d e s as i nd e e d w e mig h t ,

h av e i n fe rr e d fr om A p ollod o ru s s r e fe r e n c e t o t h at au t h o r 1 1 1
’

t h e p r e s e n t p as s ag e Ovi d ( M etamorp h i ii
. me n t i o n s . .

t h at fi v e s u r viv e d , b u t h e n ame s on l y o n e ( E ch i on ) .

e t e r n al y e ai r o b ab ly r e f e r s t o t h e o l d e ig h t
’’
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3
A s t o t h e m arr i ag e o f Cad mu s an d Har mo n i a , s e e Pi n d ar ,

3 6 1
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.
,

s l au g h t er s er v e d Ar e s for an e t er n al e ar ; an d t h e
, y
e ar w as t he n e q u i v al e n t t o ei g h t v e ar s o f o u r
y
rec k o ni n g 2 .

A ft er his s e r v i t u d e At h e n a p r o c u re d fo r h i m t h e
k i n gd om an d Z e u s gav e him t o w i fe H armoni a
, ,

d au g h t er o f A p hr o d i t e an d Ares A n d al l t h e g od s .

q u i t t e d t h e sky an d fe as t in g i n t h e Cadm e a c e l e
,

b rat e d t h e m arri ag e w i t h h y m n s 3
Cad m u s gav e her a .

r o be an d t h e nec kl ace w r o u gh t b y H e p h aes t u s w hich ,

s o me s a
y w as g i v en t o Cad m u s b
y H e p h a e st u s b u t ,

Ph e r e c y d e s s ay s t h at i t w as g i v e n b y Eu r op a w h o ,

h ad recei v e d i t fr om Z e u s 4
A n d t o Cad m u s w e r e .

b orn d au g h t er s A u t o n o e In o S e me l e A gav e an d
, , , , ,

as m arrie d t o A t h am as
5
s on P ol d o r u s I no w
a
y .
,

A u t on o e t o Aris t ae u s an d A gav e t o E chi on B u t ,

.

Ze u s l ov e d S em e l e an d b e dd e d w i t h h er u n k n o w n t o
P y th iii 8 8 ( 1 5 7 ) s q q
. . E u r ipi d e s , P h oen i s s ae , 8 22 s q
.

Th e og n i s , 1 5 — 1 8 ; Di o d or u s S i cu l u s , iv 2 l , v 4 8 5 , v 4 9 1 . . . . . .

Pau san i as , i i i 1 8 1 2 , ix 1 2 3 S cr i p tor es r er u m my th i caru m

. . . .

L ati n i , e d G H B od e , v ol 1 p 1 0 1 ( S e c o n d V at i c an M y t h o
. . . . . .

g rap h e r , 7 8 , wh o c all s t h e w i fe He rmi on a) .

4
A cc o r d i n g t o an ot h e r acc ou n t , t h i s g ol d e n n e c kl ac e w as
b es t o we d b y A p hr o d i t e o n Cad mu s or on Har mon i a See .

Di o d o r u s S i c u l u s , i v 6 5 5 S ch oli as t on Pi n d ar , P y th iii 9 4
. . . .

S ch o li as t on Eu r ipi d e s P h oen i s s ae, 7 1 B u t , acc or d i n g , .

t o y e t an ot h e r acc o u n t , t h e n e c kl ac e an d r ob e w e r e b ot h
b e s t ow e d b y A t h e n a S e e Di o d or us S i cu l u s , v 4 9 1
. Th e . . .

S e c on d Vat i c an M y t h og r ap h e r ( 7 8 , se e p r e c e d in g n ot e ) s ay s
t h at t h e n e c kl ac e w as mad e b y V u l c an ( He p h ae s t u s ) at t h e
i ns t ig at i on of Mi n e r v a ( A t h e na) , an d t h at i t w as b es t ow e d b y
h i m on Har mon i a at h e r marr i ag e .

5
Co mp are He s i od , T h eog 9 7 5— 9 7 8 ; Di od or u s S i cu l u s , iv . .

2 1
. . A s t o t h e d au g h t e r s S e me l e an d I n o , c omp ar e P i nd ar ,
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S ch oli as t on Ho me r , I l x i v 325 c opi e s A p oll od o r u s

. .

wi t h ou t me n t i on i n g h i m) ; S ch oli as t o n Pi n d ar , O ly mp ii . .

25 Lu c i an , D i al d eor u m, ix ; N on n u s an d N i c e t as , i n
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lxxi p 38 5 ; O vi d , M etamorp h i i i 2 5 9 s q q HygaDin n s , Fab

. . . . . .

1 6 7 an d 1 7 9 ; Fu l g e n t i u s , M y th ol ogy ii 1 5 ; Lac t an t i u s . .

Pl ac i d u s , on S t at i u s , T h eb i 1 2 S cr i p tor es r er u m my th i ca . .

7 u m L ati n i , e d G H B od e , v ol 1 pp 38 s
q 1 0 2 ( Fi 1 s t V at i
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c an M y t h og rap h e 1 , 1 2 0 ; S e c on d V at i c an M t h o i a h e r ,
y g p
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Comp ar e T z e t z e s , S ch ol on L y cop h r on , 2 2 9 ; S ch oli as t . .

o n Pi n d ar
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I s th m , A rg a m p 5 1 4 , e d B oe ckh . . . . .

2
O n I n c an d Me li c e r t e s s e e al so Pau s an i as 1 4 2 6 , i 4 4 . . .

1 s q , ii . 1 3 , iv 3 4 4 ; Z e n ob i u s , C en t iv 3 8 ; T z e t z es
. . . . . .
,

S ch ol on L y c op h r on 1 0 7 , 2 2 9 — 2 3 1
. S ch oli as t on Home r , Il
,
.

viii 86 , an d on 0 d v 3 3 4 ; S ch olias t o n E u ripi d e s , M ed ea

. . . ,

1 2 8 4 ; Hygi n u s , F ab 2 an d 4 ; O vi d , M etamorp h i v 5 1 9— 54 2. . .

i d F as ti , v i 4 9 1 s qq ; S e r vi u s , o n Vi r gil , A en v 2 4 1 ;
. . . . .

Lact an t i u s Pl aci d u s , on S t at i u s , Th eb i 1 2 ; S cr ip tor es . .

r er u m my th i car u m L ati n i , e d G H B od e , v ol 1 p 1 02 . . . . . .

( S e c on d V at i c an M y t h og rap h e r ,
3
On t h e fou n dat i on of t h e I s t h mi an g ames i n h on ou r o f
M e li c e r t es , s e e Pau san i as , i 4 4 8 , ii 1 3 ; S ch oli as t s 0 1 1 . . . .

Pi n d ar , I s th m A rgu m pp 5 1 4 , 5 1 5 , e d B oe ckh
.
, S ch oli as t s. . .

o n E u r ipi d e s , M ed ea 1 2 8 4 Cl e men t o f A l e x an d r i a P r otr ep t

, , .

ii 3 4 , p 2 9 , e d Pot t e r ; Z e nob i u s , C en t iv 3 8 : Tz e t z es
. . . . . .

S ch ol on L y c op h r on , 1 0 7 , 22 9 2 3 1 Hy gi nu s , F ab 2
. .
-
. .

4
Di on y s u s b or e t h e t i t l e o f K i d Se e He sy ch i u s s v .
, . .

Epupo s 6 A té v v d os ; S t e p h an u s B y z an t i n s , s v A Kp a pet a Wh e n
” ’ 5
. . .

t h e g od s fl e d i n t o E g y p t t o e s c ap e t h e f u r y o f T y p h on ,
Di ony su s i s s ai d t o h av e b e e n t u rn e d i n t o a g oat S e e A nt o .

n i n u s L i b e r al i s , T r an sform 2 8 ; Ovi d , M etamorp h v 39 . . .

S cr i p tor es r er u m my th i car u m L ati n i e d G H B od e , v ol i , . . . . .

p 2 9 ( Fi r s t Vat i c an M y t h og rap h e r ,
. A s a g od o f f e r tili t y ,

Di on y s u s app e ar s t o h av e b e e n c o n c e iv e d as e mb o d i e d n ow ,

3 2 0
 T HE L I B RA RY , 1 11 . w .
3

c au l d r o n t h e n c arry i n g i t w i t h t h e d e ad chi l d s h e
,
1

s ran g i n t o t h e d ee A n d she h e rse l f is c all e d

p p .

L e u c o t h o e an d t h e b oy i s c all e d Pal aem on s u ch

, ,

b e i n g t h e n ame s t h e y g e t fr om s ai l o rs ; fo r t h e y
s u cc ou r s t o rm t o s s e d m ari n ers ?
A n d t h e I s t hmi an
-

g ame s w er e i n s t i tu t e d b y S is y p h u s i n h o n o u r o f
M e l icer t e s 3 B u t Z e u s e l u d e d t h e w r at h o f H e r a
.

an d H e rm e s t oo k
b y t u r n i n g Di o n y s u s int o a ki d 4
,

him an d b ro u gh t h i m t o t h e ny mp h s w h o d w e l t at
Ny s a i n Asi a w h om Z e u s aft er w ar d s ch an g e d i n t o
,

s t ars an d n ame d t h e m t h e H ad e s
5
y .

in th e fo r m o f a goat no w i n t h e for m o f a b u ll ; and h i s ,

w or s h ipp e r s acc o r d i n gly e nt e r e d i n t o c ommu ni on wi t h h i m

b y r e n d i n g an d d e v ou r i n g liv e g o at s an d b u ll s S e e S p i r i ts .

of th e 0 0 7 71 an d of th e Wi ld i 1 2 s q q ii 1 s qq T h e g oat ,
. .
, . .

w as t h e v i c t i m r e g u l ar ly s acr i fic e d i n t h e r i t e s of Di on y s u s ,

b e c au se t h e an i ma l i n j u r e d t h e vi n e b y g nawi n g i t b ut th e
r e ason t h u s all eg e d for t h e s acri fi c e may h av e b e e n a l at e r
i n t e r p r e t at i on S e e Vi r gil Georg ii 3 80 3 8 4 w h o r e f e rs
.
, . .
-
,

t h e o r i gi n b ot h o f t r ag ed y an d of c ome dy t o t h e s e s acr i fic e s
o f g oat s i n h o n o u r o f t h e wi n e
g o d C o m p a r e V arr o R er u m -
.
,

R u s ti caru m i 2 1 9 ; O vi d F as ti i 3 5 3 s q q ; Co r n u t u s
, . .
, , . .
,

T h eol og i ae G‘raec ae C omp en di u m 3 0 ; S e r vi u s o n Vi r gil , , ,

A en iii 1 1 8
. . .

5
A p oll od o r u s s e e ms h e r e t o b e f oll owi n g Ph e r e cy d e s w h o ,

r e l at e d h ow t h e i n fan t Di on y s u s w as n u rs e d b y t h e Hy ad es .

S e e t h e S ch oli as t o n Ho me r I l xviii 4 86 ; Hygi n u s A s tro , . .

,

n om ii 2 1
. . S ch oli as t on G e r man i c u s A r atea ( i n M ar t i an u s ,

Cap e ll a e d Fr E y s s e n h ard t p
, . . Fr agmen ta H i s tori . .

c oru m Graecoru m e d 0 M ull e r i 8 4 Frag 4 6 N o t h in g , . .

, . . . .

c o u l d b e mo r e app rop ri at e t h an t h at t h e g od o f t h e vi n e
s h ou l d b e n u rs e d b t h e n y m p h s o f t h e r ai n A cc o r d i n g t o
y .

Dio do r u s S i cu l u s ( iii 5 9 2 iii 6 4 5 iii 6 5 7 ii i 6 6 . .

,
. .
, .
, . .

N y s a t h e pl ac e w h e r e t h e n y mp h s r e ar e d Di on y s u s w as i n
, ,

A r ab i a w h i ch i s c e r t ai nly n o t a r ai n y c ou n t r y ; b u t h e
,

ad mi t s ( iii 66 4 i i i 6 7 5 ) t h at o t h e r s pl ac e d N y s a i n A fr i c a
. .
, . .
,

o r as h e c all s i t
,
Li b y a a way i n t h e w e s t b es i d e t h e g r e at
, ,

o c e an . He r od ot u s s pe ak s o f N y s a as i n E t h i o pi a ab o v e “
,

Egyp t ( ii an d h e me n t i on s t h e E t h i opian s w h o
“
.

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1

w and e r i n g s o f t h e g od s e e Dio d or u s S i c u l u s iii 62 s q i v . . . .

, .

1 6 s q , i v 2 5 s q q ; S t r ab o , x v 1 7 — 9 , pp 6 8 7 s q
. . . . . Th e . . . .

s t o r y o f t h e r o vi n g s o f Di on y s u s , an d i n p ar t i c u l ar o f h i s
j ou r n e y t o I n di a, w as p r ob ab ly s u gg e s t e d b y a s i mpl e
o b s e r v at i o n o f t h e wi d e g e og r ap h i c al d i ffu s i o n o f t h e vi n e .

W h e r e v e r t h e pl an t w as c u l t iv at e d and wi n e mad e f ro m t h e
g rape s , t h e r e i t w o u l d b e s u pp os e d t h at t h e v i ne g od mu s t -

h av e t arri e d , d i s p en s i n g t h e b oon o r t h e b an e o f h i s gi f t s t o
2 4
3
 THE L IB RA RY , III . IV. 4
—
v. 1

aft er her a in i g h t y br ood ,

Ly nce u s an d B al i u s goodly foot ed

-
,
an d A mary n
t hu s .

A n d t hese he e n u mer at e d c o n t i n u o u s l y b y n ame .

A n d t h e n A c t ae o n p erish e d at t h e i n s t i g at i o n o f Z e u s .

For t h e firs t t h at d r an k t h e ir m as t er s b l ac k b l ood

’

Were S part u s an d O marg u s an d B ore s, t h e s w i ft on

t h e t rac k .

T hes e fir s t at e o f Ac tae o n an d l ap p e d his b l ood .

A n d aft e r t hem ot h ers r u she d o n him e ag erl y

T o b e a reme dy for g rie v o u s p ains t o m e n .

V Di o ny s u s d isc o v e re d t h e v i ne
.
,
1 an d bein g
d ri v e n mad b y H era he r o ame d ab ou t
2
Egyp t an d

mor t al s . T h e re see ms t o b e some r e aso n t o t h i n k t h at t h e

o r igi n al h o me o f t h e v i n e w as i n t h e r e g io ns t o t h e sou t h o f

t h e B l ac k S e a, t h e Cau c as u s , an d t h e Cas pi an S e a w h e r e t h e ,

pl ant s till g row s w il d wi t h t h e l u x u r i an t wild n e s s of a

“

t r o p i c al cr e e p e r , c li n g in g t o t all t r e e s an d p r od u c i n g ab u n d an t
fr u i t wi t h ou t p r u n i n g o r c u l t iv at i on ”
. S e e A d e Can do ll e , .

O r i gi n of C u l ti v ated P l an ts ( Lo n d on , pp 1 9 1 s qq . .

Co mp ar e A En gl e r , i n Vi c t o r He h n , K u l tu rpfl an zen a n d
.

H au s th Ler i n i h r em Ub er g an g 0 11 3 A s i an ( Be r li n ,
P 7

pp 85 s qq B u t t h e s e r e gi on s ar e p r e c i s e ly t h os e w h i ch
. .

Di o n y s u s w as s u pp os e d t o h av e t i av e r s e d o n h i s j ou r n ey s .

Ce r t ai n l y t h e i d e a o f t h e g o d s w an d e r i n g s c an n o t h av e b e e n
’

s u gg es t e d , as app e ar s t o b e s o me t i me s i magi n e d , b y t h e
e xp e d i t i o n o f A l e x an d e r t h e G r e at t o I n d ia ( s e e F A Voig t , . .

i n W H B os ch e r s L ex i kon d er gr i ech Li n d r é m M y th ol ogi e ,

’
. . . .

i. s i n c e t h e y ar e d e s cr i b e d wi t h g e o g r ap h i c al p re c i s i o n

b y E u r i pi d e s , w h o d ie d b e fo r e A l e x an d e r t h e G r e at was b or n .

I n h i s famo u s pl ay , T h e B acc h ae ( 1511 1 3 . t h e p oe t i n t r o

d u c e s t h e g o d h i ms e l f d es cr i b i n g h i s j o u r n e y o v e r Ly d i a,
Phrygi a, B ac t r i a, Me di a, an d all A s i a A nd b y A sia t h e
.

p o e t d i d no t me an t h e w h ol e c on t i n e n t o f A s i a as w e u nd e r
s t and t h e w o r d , for mos t o f i t w as u n k n o w n t o h i m ; h e me an t

o n ly t h e s o u t h e r n p o r t i on o f i t fr o m t h e M e d i t e rran e an t o t h e

I nd u s , i n g reat p ar t o f w h i ch t h e vi n e app e ar s t o b e n at iv e .

2
Comp ar e E u r ipi d e s , 0 31 0 10 19 8 , 3 s q .

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t h e m ( wi t h He rch e r ) o r i n se r t 0 7 pa7 6 1 0 czs af t e r t h e m , so as
5

t o g i v e t h e me an i n g an d af t e r march i n g ag ai n s t t h e
“

I nd ian s h e h as t e n e d t hr ou g h T hr ac e ”
.

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1
vi s i t of Di ony s u s t o E gyp t w as d ou b t l e s s i n v en t e d
Th e
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b e t w e e n t h e w o r s h ip s o f Os i r is an d Di o n y s u s S e e H e r od ot u s .
,

ii 4 2 4 9 an d 1 4 4 B i e d e r ns S i cu l u s i 1 1 3 i 1 3 5 i 9 6 5
.
, , , . .
, . .
, . .
,

iv 1 6 ; P l u t arch I s i s et Os i ri s 2 8 3 4 an d 3 5 ; T i b u ll u s
. .
, , , , ,

i 7 2 9 s q q Fo r t h e s ame r e ason N y s a t h e pl ac e w h e r e
. . .
,

Di o ny s u s w as s u pp os e d t o h av e b e e n r e ar e d w as b y s ome ,

p e opl e b eli e v e d t o b e i n t h e n e ig h b ou rh ood o f E gyp t S e e .

H omeri c H y mn to D i on y su s i 8 s q ; Di o dor us Si cu l u s , . .
,

i 1 5 6 iv 2 3
. .
, . . .

2
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d e s B acch ae 5 8 s q 7 8 s qq w h e r e t h e ch or u s o f Bacch an al s
, ,
.
, .
,

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Phr y g i a t o G r e e c e A c cor d i n g t o on e acc ou n t Di on y s u s w as
.
,

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, .

S e e A e n e as Sylvi u s Op er a ( Bal e ,p 4 1 8 [w r on gly ,

.

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ki n g i n a s i mil ar at t e mp t on t h e s acre d v i n e .

1
G r e e k mu rd e r e r s u s e d t o c u t o ff t h e e x t r e mi t i e s s u ch as ,

t h e e ar s an d n ose s o f t h e i r vi c t i ms f as t e n t h e m o n a s t r i n g
, , ,

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t h e mu r d e r e d me n On e mo t iv e as s i g n e d for t h i s c u s t om an d
.
,

p rob ab ly t h e o r igi n al o ne w as th e w i s h b y t h u s mu t il at i n g ,

t h e d ead man t o w e ak e n h i m s o t h at h e o r r at h e r h i s g h os t , ,

c ou l d n o t t ak e v e n g e an c e on h is mu r d e r e r ( 7 cp m 6 6 17 15 01 , a
’
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.
,

c u s t om s e e t h e S ch oli as t o n S op h oc l es , l c ; S u idas , l o . . . .

He s y c h i u s an d Ph o t i u s , L ex i co n , s v y a 0 xa Af0 / 5 a7 a S ch oli as t . .

on A p oll o n i u s Rh od i u s , A r g on i v 477 A cc o r d i n g t o o n e . . .

acc ou n t ( S ch o li as t o n S op h o c l e s , t h e mu r d e r e r f as t e n e d
t h e e x t r e mi t i e s of h i s vi c t i m ab o u t h i s o w n p e r s o n , b u t t h e
b e t t e r a t t e s t e d an d mo r e p r ob ab l e acc o u n t i s t h at b e t i ed
t h e m ab o u t t h e mu t il at e d b od y o f h i s vi c t i m Co mp ar e .

E R oh d e , P s y ch e , i 32 2— 32 6 ; R C
.
s
e b b , 0 1 1 S o p h o c l es ,
. . . J
E l ectr a 4 4 5 , wi t h t h e A pp e n d ix , pp 2 1 1 s q
, T h e p r ac t i c e i s . .

p e rh ap s ill u s t r at e d b y an o r igi nal d rawi n g i n t h e A mb ros i an

man u s cr ip t o f t h e I l i ad , w h i ch r e p r e s e n t s t h e Ho me ri c
e pi s o d e o f Dol o n ( I l x 3 1 4 i n t h e d r awi n g t h e c or p s e
. .

o f t h e s l ai n Do l o n i s d e pi c t e d s h o m o f i t s f e e t an d h an d s ,

w h i ch l i e b e s i d e i t , w h il e Uly s s e s h ol d s Dol on s s e x e r e d h e ad
’

i n h i s h an d S e e A n n ali d el I I n s Li tu to d i O or resp on d e nz a
’
.

A r ch eo logi c a ( Ro me , t a v d ag g R
’
A Bau me i s t e 1 , . . . .

3 2 8
 THE L I B RA RY , 1 1 1 . v . 1

his s on s e x t re mi t ies h e rec o v ere d h i s se n s e s

’

,
Bu t
1 .
2

t h e l an d r e m ai n i n g b arre n t h e g o d d e c l are d o rac u ,

l arly t h at i t w ou l d b e ar fr u i t i f L y c u r g u s w e re p u t
t o d e at h O n he ari n g t h at t h e E d o n i an s l e d him t o
.
,

D en kma ler d es klas s i s ch en A l ter tu ms , i 4 6 0 s q , fi g 5 0 6 . . . .

I t app e ar s t o b e a wi d e s p r e ad b e li e f t h at t h e g h os t of on e w h o
h as d i e d a vi ol e nt d e at h i s d an g e r o u s t o h i s s l ay e r , b u t t h at
h e can b e r e n d e r e d p o w e r l e s s for mi s ch i e f b y mai mi n g h i s
b od y i n s u ch a w ay as w o u l d h av e d i s ab l e d h i m i n li fe Fo r .

e x ampl e , s o me o f t h e A u s t r ali an ab o r igi n e s u se d t o c u t o ff t h e

t h u mb s o f t h e r ig h t h an d s o f d e ad e n e mi e s t o p r e v e n t t h e i r
g h os t s fr om t hr o wi n g s p e ars S ee A Ol d fi e l d , Th e A b o “
. .

r i g i n e s o f A u s t r ali a,
”
T r an s acti on s of th e E th n ol og i cal S oc i ety
o
f L o n d on iii ( 1 8 65
, ) p 2 8
. 7 I n T r av an c
. o r e t h e s p i ri t s
. of

mu r d e r e r s w h o h av e b e e n h an g e d are t h o u g h t t o b e v e r y
mi s ch i e v o u s ; h e n c e , i n o rd e r t o p r e v e n t t h e m fro m d o i n g
h arm, i t u s e d t o b e c u s t omary t o cu t o ff t h e h ee l s o f t h e
cr i mi n al wi t h a s w o rd o r t o h ams t r i n g h i m as h e s w u n g 0 1 1 ,

t h e g all ow s S e e S M at e e r T h e L an d of C h ar i ty ( Lon d o n
. .
, ,

pp 2 03 s q I n A r men ia w h e n a p e rs on fall s s i c k s oon

. .
,

aft e r t h e d e at h o f a me mb e r o f t h e family i t i s s u pp os e d t h at ,

t h e s i c k n e s s i s c au s e d b y t h e d e ad man w h o c an n o t r e s t i n ,

h i s g r av e u n t il h e h as d r aw n a w ay o n e o f h i s ki n s folk t o t h e
s pi r i t l an d T o p r e v e n t t h i s c at as t r op h e t h e b o d y o f t h e
.
,

d e c e as e d i s d i s i n t e rr e d an d d e c api t at e d and t o mak e as s u r an c e ,

d o u b ly s u r e t h e h e ad i s s mas h e d o r a n e e d l e i s s t u c k i n t o i t
an d i n t o t h e h e ar t S e e Man u k A b e g h i an D er armen i s ch e
.
,

Volks g lau b e ( Le ip s i c p 1 1 I n s ome par t s of W e s t

,
. .

A fr i c a i t i s s i mil ar ly c u s t omar y t o d i s i n t e r an d d e c api t at e a

c o rp s e of a p e rs o n w h ose g h os t i s s u pp os e d t o b e c au si n g s i c k
ness ,
b e c au s e t h e d e c e ase d h avi n g h i s h e ad c u t o ff will n ot
, ,

h av e t h e s ame s tr en g t h as b e fo r e an d c o n s eq u e n t ly will n ot ,

b e i n a p os i t i o n t o t r o u b l e h i m ( t h e Se e J B . .

L ab at R el ati on H i s tor i q u e d e l E th i op i e O cc i den tal e ( Par i s

’ '
, ,

i 208 . .

2
S o Or es t e s d r iv e n mad b y t h e Fu r i e s o f h i s mu rd e r e d
,

mo t h e r i s s ai d t o h av e r e c o v e r e d h i s s e n s e s o n b i t i n g o ff o n
,

o f h i s o w n fi n g e r s ( P au s an i as viii 3 4 By t h e s acr i fic e h e
, . .

may b e s u pp os e d t o h av e app e as e d t h e an g e r o f h i s mot h e r s ’

g h os t w h o w as t h ou g h t t o b e c au si n g h i s mad n e ss Co mpare
,
.

Folk l ore i n th e Old T es tamen t iii 2 40 s q

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i n t h e ch ar ac t e r of t h e g od for Di o ny s u s h i ms e l f w as s ai d t o
h av e b ee n r e n t i n pi e c e s b y t h e Ti t an s S e e A don i s , A tt is . ,

Os i r i s , 3 rd e d i i 9 8 s q ; S p i r i ts of th e C orn a n d of th e Wi ld ,
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i 24 s q
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He rch e r , W ag n e r .

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Di o n y s u s an d t h e pi rat e s i s t h e t h e me of t h e
of

Ho me r i c Hy mn N 0 V II T o D i on y s u s Co mp ar e Ovi d, M eta . . .

morp h i i i 5 8 1 s q q ; Hygi n u s Fab 1 3 4 i d A s tron om ii 1 7 ;

. . .
,
. . . .

S e r vi u s , on Vi r gil , A en i 6 7 ; S cr ip tor es r eru m my th icar u m . .

L ati n i e d G H B o d e , v ol i pp 39 , 1 3 3 ( Fi r s t V at i c an
, . . . . . .

My t h og r ap h e r 1 23 ; e ond , at an M t o a S c
e , 171) V ic y h gr ph r
Co m a e Di o d o r u s S i cu l u s , i v 2 5 4
p r i
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to h v g
a e o n e d o wn t oh ll f ch e to et u
p h i s mot el e me e at h rS
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L e n a, wh r e e he pl g i u n ed p l
n t o t h e A l c o n i an La e , a
y o o k
w h i ch w as s u pp os e d t o b e b o t to m e s s an d t e e o e t o affo d
l r h r f r
an e as y cc a h r w rl
es s t o t h e n e t e o d S e e Pau s an as 37 5 . i ii . .

an d fo r a d e s cr ip i p l
t o n of t h e o o as i t i s at t h e i e s e n t t me , pr
see m c o mme n t a
ry i
o n Pau s an as , v ol 6 0 v r
4 sq Ne e v pp
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h vi g
a n h ll f r i y
b e e n i n e b e o e , D on s u s d i d n o t n o h ow t o g o k w
h r
t e e , an d h e w as r c ed u ed t o t h e n e e ss t o f as ng t h e c i y ki
w ay . A e t a n Pr o s y mn u s oi n t e d i t o u t t o t h e d e t
c r i p iy on

c ii
on d t on o f r c ivi g c r i r w r
e e n a e ta n e Wha d i e n D on y s u s .

r r
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h ad d e d i n t h e me ant me ; b u t h e
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pr io m s ed r w r
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ly i n t h e p ro
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e s s i o n s of D on s u s S e e C e me n t of A e an d ria, P r otr ep t
l l x . .

ii pp 2 9 s q , ed Po t t e ; N o nn u s , i n We s t e r mann s
r ’
. 34 , . . .

M y th ogr ap h i Gr a eci , A p p en di x N arra ti onu m xxii p 1, 3 68 . . .

z z c
T e t e s , S h ol on I/y cop h r on , 2 1 2 ; A rn ob i u s , A dv er su s
.

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28 ; H n u s , A s tr o n om
. ii 5 c ll
Pau s an i as a s . . .

g od s g i u d e Po l mn u s , u n e s s t at
l h f r o m o f t h e n ame i s
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the y
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De me t e i n t h e s a e d
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h ad an ma ei g i ii
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. 37 1 Ho w e e , H
v r ygi nu s . . .

gvi e s Hyp ol i p n u s as t h e n a me o f t h e g i h ll
u de t o v r e E e y .

y r
ea c
t h e d e s en t of t h e go d t hr g h ou p w r
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2
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 T HE L I B RA RY , I I I . v .
3

in to d ol phin T h u s m e n p e r c e i v e d t h at h e w as a
s
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.

o d an d h o n ou re d him ; an d h av i n g b r ou g h t u h i s
g p
mo t h e r fr om Had e s an d n ame d h e r T h y on e , h e
asce n d e d u w i t h h er t o h e av e n
2
p .

c e l e b rat ed wi t h n o c t u rn al r i t e s o n t h e r e e dy mar gi n o f t h e
p ool ( Pau san i as ii 3 7 Th e pi o u s Pa u s ani as s hran k fro m
, . .

d iv u lgi ng t h e n at u r e o f t h e r i t e s ; b u t fr o m Pl u t arch w e
l e arn t h at a l amb w as t hr o w n i n t o t h e l ak e as an o ffe ri n g t o
t h e w ard e r o f h e ll w h i l e on t r u mp e t s h i d d e n i n t h e g o d s
’
,

l e af y e mb l ems t h e b u gl e r s b l e w b l as t s w h i ch s t ar t li n g t h e ,

s t ill n e s s an d d ar k n e s s o f n i g h t w e r e b e li e v ed t o s u mmon u p
,

t h e l o s t Di o n y s u s fr o m t h e w at e r y d e p t h s S e e P l u t arch .
,

I s i s et Os i r i s 3 5 Pe rh ap s i n an s w e r t o t h i s b u gl e c all an
, .

ac t o r d r e ss e d i n t h e vi n e g o d s g ar b may h av e e me r g e d
’
-
, ,

d r i ppi ng fr om t h e p oo l t o r e c e iv e t h e c o n g rat u l at i on s o f t h e
w ors h i pp e r s on h i s r is in g from t h e d ead Ho w e v e r acc o rd .
,

i n g t o o t h e r s t h e r e s u rr e c t i on o f Di ony s u s an d h i s mo t h e r
,

t o ok pl ac e n ot i n t h e gl oo my s w amp at Le r n a b u t on t h e
, ,

b e au t i f u l al mo s t l an d l o c k e d b ay of T r oe z e n w h e r e n o w
, , ,

ad ay s g r o v e s o f o r an g e s an d l e mo n s i n t e rs p e r s e d wi t h t h e ,

d ar k f o li ag e o f t all c yp r e s s e s fr i n g e t h e mar gi n o f t h e c al m
,

b l u e w at e r at t h e f oo t o f t h e r u gg e d m ou n t ai n s S e e Pau .

s au i as i i 3 1
, 2. Pl u t arch h as d r aw n a vi s i on ary p i c t u r e o f
. .

t h e s c e n e o f t h e as c e n s i on I t w as h e s ay s a mi g h t y ch as m
.
, ,

lik e t h e c av es s acre d t o B acch u s man t l d wi t h w ood s an d ,

e

g re e n g ras s an d b l oomi n g fl o w e r s of e v e r y s or t an d e x h ali n g ,

d e li c i ou s an i n t o xi c at i n g p e rf u me w h il e all ab o u t i t t h e
a , , ,

s o u l s o f t h e d e p ar t e d c i rc l e d an d s t oo p e d u p on t h e wi n g lik e

fl ig h t s of b i rd s b u t d id no t d ar e t o cr os s i t s t reme n d ou s
,

d ept h . I t w as c all e d t h e Pl ac e o f Fo r g e t fu l n es s S e e Pl u .

t arch D e s er a n u mi n i s v i n d i c ta 2 2 pp 5 6 5 s q
, A p re t t y , ,
. .

s t o r y w as t o l d o f t h e d e vi c e b y w h i ch Dio n y s u s i n d u c e d t h e

g r i m w ard e n o f t h e d e ad t o r e l e as e t h e s ou l o f h i s mot h e r
fr o m t h e i n fe r n al g aol I t i s s ai d t h at Had e s c o n s en t e d t o
.

s e t h e r fr e e p r o vi d e d t h at h e r s on w o l d s e n d o f h i s b e s t u

b e l o e d t o r e pl ac e h e r s h ad e i n t h e w o r l d o f s h ad o w s
v Now .

o f al l t h e t h i n g s i n t h e w o r l d t h e d e ar e s t t o Di on y s u s w e r e

t h e i v y t h e vi n e an d t h e my r t l e ; s o o f t h e s e h e s e n t t h e
, ,

my r t l e an d t h at is w h y t h e i n i t i at e d i n h i s r i t e s w r e at h e d
,

t h e i r b r o w s wi t h my r t l e l e av e s S e e S ch o li as t on A r i s t o .

p h an e s Frogs 3 30 Th e h arryi n g of h e ll i s t h e t h e me of
, , .

A r i s t op h an e s s amu s i n g c o me d y T h e Fr ogs
’
.

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K ar aS i eb e l i s .

1
A s t o t h e d e p ar t u r e o f Cad mu s an d Har mon i a t o I lly r i a
an d t h e i r t r an s f o r mat i o n i n t o s n ak e s i n t h at c ou n t r y , w h e r e
t h e i r t o mb w as s h ow n i n l at e r ag e s , s e e A p oll o n i u s R h o d i u s ,
A rg on i v 5 1 6 s qq . Di o n y s i u s Pe r i e Og e t es Or b i s D es c ri p ti o,
. .
,

39 0 s q q w i t h t h e c o mme n t ary o f E u s t at h i u s on
.

S t r ab o , i 2 3 9 p 4 6 , v i i 7 8 , p 3 26 ; Pau s an i as , ix 5 3
. . . . . . . .

A t h e n ae u s , xi 5 , p 4 62 3 ; S t e p h an u s B y z an t i n s s v A v ppa
. . . .

xwu ; J
T z e t z es , Oh i li ad es , i v 3 93 s q q
. Ovi d , M etamorp h . . .

iv 5 63 6 03 ; Hyg i n u s , Fab 6 ; Lac t an t i u s Pl ac i d u s o n

.
-
.
,

S t at i u s T h eb ii i 2 90 ; S crip tor es r eru m my th i car u m L ati n i ,

, . .

e d G H B o d e v ol
. . 1 p 4 8 (Fi r s t V at i c an My t h og r ap h e r ,
.
, . . .

E u r i pi d e s me n t i on s t h e t r an s f o r mat i o n o f t h e c o u pl e
i n t o s n ak e s , b u t wi t h o u t s p e ak i n g o f t h e i r b an i s h me n t t o
I lly r i a ( B acc h ae , 1 5 3 0 p r ob ab l y b e c au s e t h e re i s a l on g
3 34
 A P O L LO DO R U S

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an » w or d s ar e d e l e t e d b y He rch e r
E b Boia s A . Th ese
an d W ag n e r He y n e al s o p r e fe rr e d t o o mi t t h e m
. See .

e x e g e t i c al n ot e T pi a He y n e : E p f
2 ‘
A . v u au .

3
T h e r e s e e ms t o b e a l ac u n a h e r e w h i ch He y n e p r o p os e d ,

t o s u ppl y b y t h e w o r d s O sw am : i s I t ran sl at e ’
ee eu s

acc o r d i n gly .

4
E e we r ieer o A 5
mA
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’ ’ 5
e 7r e 96 1 o
'
. e xol : '
.

6
e vr ok d s E R S é wr oA i w A
’
.

1
T h i s P h l e gy as i s s u pp ose d t o b e Ph l e g y as , ki n g o f Orc h o
men u s , w h o m Pau s an i as ( ix 3 6 1 ) c all s a s on of A re s an d . .

Chry s e If t h i s i d e n t i fic at i on i s r i g h t , t h e w o r d s from
.
“

E u b o ea app e ar t o b e w r o n g , as H e y n e p o i n t e d o u t , s i n c e
'

O rc h o me nu s i s n o t i n E u b oe a b u t i n B oe o t i a B u t t h e r e w e r e .

man y pl ac e s c all e d E u b o e a, an d i t i s p os s i b l e t h at o n e o f
t h e m w as i n B o e ot i a If t h at w as s o , w e may c onj e c t u r e
.

t h at t h e e pi t h e t B oe o t i an , w h i ch , appli e d t o Do t i s , s e e ms
s u p e rfl uou s , w as appli e d b y A p o ll o d o ru s t o E u b o e a an d h as

b e e n mi s pl ac e d b y a c o py i s t If t h e s e c o nj e c t u r e s are .

ad op t e d , t h e t e x t will r e ad t h u s
“
B o t h o f t h e m fl e d fr o m .

E u b oe a i n B o e o t i a b e c au s e t h e y h ad kill e d Ph l e g y as , s on o f

33 6
 T HE L I B R AR Y , 1 1 1 . v .
5

Eu boe a bec au s e t h ey h ad k i ll e d Ph l e gyas s on o f ,

1
Ar e s an d D ot is t h e B o e ot i an an d t h e y t oo k u p , “

t heir ab o de at Hy r i a an d t h enc e h av i n g c o m e t o ,
.

T heb e s t h e y w e r e enr o ll e d as c i t i z e n s t hr ou g h t h eir

,

frien d shi p w i t h Pent he u s S o aft e r b e i n g ch o se n .

c omm an d er in chie f b y t h e T he b ans Ly c u s c om

- -
,

a s s e d t h e s u rem e o w er an d r e i g n e d for t w e n t
p p p y
e ars b u t was m u rd ere d b Z e t h u s an d A m hi o n
y , y p
fo r t h e foll o w i n g re aso n A n t i op e w as a d au g h t er .

of N c t e u s an d Ze u s h ad i n t erc ou rs e w i t h h e r 2
y , .

When she w as w i t h chi l d an d her fat h er t hr e at e n e d ,

her s h e r an away t o E p op e u s at S icy on an d w as

,

m arrie d t o h im I n a fi t o f d es p on d e n cy Ny c t e u s .

k i ll e d hims e l f aft er ch arg i n g Ly c u s t o p u n ish ,

Ep op e u s an d An t i op e Ly c u s m arc h e d agai n s t .

S icy on s u b d u ed i t s l e w Epop e u s an d l e d An t i o p e
, , ,

aw a
y c ap t i v e O n t h e wa
y sh e g av e bir t h t o t w o
.

A re s an d Dot i s , an d t h e y t ook u p t h e i r ab o d e at Hy r i a .

A s t o t h e v ar i ou s pl ac e s c all e d E u b oe a s e e S t e p h an u s ,

B y z an t i ns , s v 136/Bow ; W Pap e , Wé r ter b u ch d er gr i ech i s c h en

. . .

E i g en n amen , 12618 0 1 01 .

2
W i t h t h e f oll o wi n g st ory o f A n t i op e an d Di rc e c omp ar e
Pau s ani as , ii 6 1 s q q , i x 2 5 3 ; . M al al as , Oh r on ogr ap h i a,
. . . . J .

ii pp 4 5 — 4 9 , e d L Di nd orf S ch oli as t o n A p ol l on i u s Rh o
. . . .

d i u s , A rgon iv 1 0 9 0 ; N i c o l au s Damas ce n u s , fr ag 1 1 , i n
. . .

Fr agmen ta H i s tori c or u m Gr aecoru m, e d 0 M ull e r , iii . . .

3 65 s q Hygi n u s , Fab 7 an d 8 ; S cr ip tor es r er u m my th i

. .

c aru m L ati n i , e d G H Bod e , v ol i pp 3 2 , 9 9 s q (Fi rs t . . . . . . .

V at i c an My t h og rap h e r , 9 7 ; S e c on d Vat i c an My t h o g rap h e r ,

Eu r i i d e s w r ot e a t r ag e d y A n ti op e , of w h i ch Hygi n u s
p
( Fab 8 ) g i v e s a su mmar y
. M an y frag me n t s of t h e pl ay .

h av e b e e n p re serv e d Se e T r agi cor u m Gr aecoru m Fr ag .

men ta, e d A N au ck, pp 4 1 0 s q q I n h i s v e r si o n of t h e

.
3
. . .

s t o r y A p oll od o r u s s ee ms t o h av e f o ll o w e d E u r ip i d e s Th e .

l e gen d i s c ommemor at e d i n t h e famou s g r ou p o f st at u ar y

c all e d t h e Farn e se b u ll , w h i ch i s n ow i n t h e mu se u m at
N apl e s S e e A B au me i st e r , D en kmaler d es klas s i s ch en
‘

. .

A lter tu ms , i 1 0 7 , fi g 1 1 3 . . .

337
VO L . L
 A PO L LO DO R U S

8150 yev v d i 8a s 61)

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1
Bov gb opBi ES Bov cpopaiwv A .

2
H ey n e , W e s t e r man n M ull e r , , B e kk e r , He r
ch e r : a izr oy a r
i
wv ES A , Wagn e r .

1
Co mp ar e P au s an i as , ix 5 7 s q Th e t wo b r o t h e r s ar e
. . .

s ai d t o h av e q u ar r e ll e d t h e r ob u s t Z e t h u s b l ami n g A mp h i o n
,

fo r h i s p as s i on at e ad d i c t i on t o mu s i c an d u r gi n g h i m t o
ab an d on i t for w h at h e d e e me d t h e mo r e man ly p u r s u i t s o f
ag r i c u l t u r e , c at t l e b r e e d i n g an d w ar T h e g e n t l e A m ph i on .

y i e l d e d t o t h e s e e x h o r t at i on s s o far as t o c e as e t o s t r u m t h e
ly r e S e e Di o Chry s o s t om,
. lx xiii v ol i i p 25 4 ed . . . .
, .

L Di n d or f ; H0 1 ace , E p i s t i 1 8 4 1 44 ; T r agi co ru m Gr ae
. . . .

c or u m F r agmen ta A , pp 4 1 4 4 1 6 , frag 1 8 4 1 8 8 . . .

T h e d i s c u s s i on b e t w e e n t h e t w o b r ot h e r s , t h e on e ad v o c at i ng
t h e p r ac t i c al li f e an d t h e o t h e r t h e c o nt e in p lat i v e o r ar t i s t i c ,
s e e ms t o h av e b e e n f amou s I t i s ill u s t rat e d b y a fi n e r e li e f
.

i n w h i ch w e s e e A mp h i o n s t an d i n g an d h ol d i ng ou t h i s ly r e
e ag e r ly fo r t h e ad mi r at i o n o f h i s at h l e t i c b ro t h e r , w h o s i t s

33 8
 A P O LL O D O R U S

Pa nel? 86 Z 759 0 s (9 756 7715 , 5 5 t 6

’

6 7 s 7 7 1

O fiBa L, 86 N L68 77v 7 7517 Ta DT Ci AO U ,

‘

7 6 1/11
d 7 r a i 8a s L
,
L6v 67 rr ci Ei n v h o v 13 15 7 5
1 15 0 7 0 1! ,

1 0 71 7715 81) A a ua o ixdov a A y75v0 pa ( Da i 8L/

’
L o v T Li v °

’
d v ya r épa s 86 Wi s i o a s E 9 0 8a i a v ( 75 (i5s
' '
T ah o v ,
f
,

7 Lve s N éa Lp a v) K A6 08o § a v < 1>9 ia v

Il ekon ia v n y H
’ t '
v ia v orL0 80 s 86 '
.

Fo r t h e s t o r y o f N i o b e an d h e r ch il d re n , se e Ho me r ,
1

I li ad , xxi v 6 0 2 s q q ; Di od o r u s S ic u l u s , iv 7 4 ; Pau san ias ,

. . .

i 2 1 3 , ii
. . v 1 1 2, v
. . v iii 2 5 an d 7 ; J T z e t z e s ,
. . . . .

Oh i li ad es , iv 4 1 6 s qq ; O vi d , M etamorp h vi 1 4 6 s q q ;
. . . . .

Hygi n u s , Fab 9 an d 1 1 ; Lac t an t i u s Pl aci d u s on S t at i u s ,

.

T h eb iii 1 9 1 ; S cr i p tor es r er u m my th i caru m L ati n i , e d

. . .

G H B od e , v ol i p 5 0 ( Fi r s t Vat i c an My t h og rap h e r ,
. . . . .

G r e at d iv e r s i t y o f o pi n i o n p r e v ail e d amon g t h e an c i e n t s w i t h
r e gard t o t h e n u mb e r o f N i ob e s ch il d r en Diodoru s , O vi d ,
’
.

Hygi n u s , Lac t an t i u s Pl ac i d u s , an d t h e Fi rs t Vat i c an My t h o

g rap h e r ag r e e wi t h A p oll od o r u s as t o t h e s e ve n s on s an d
s e v e n d au g h t e r s o f N i o b e , and fr o m t h e S ch oli as t o n E u r i

pi d e s , P h oen i s s ae , 1 5 9 , w e l e ar n t h at A e s ch y l u s , E u r ipid e s ,

an d A r i s t o p h an e s i n l o s t p l ay s ad op t e d t h e s ame n u mb e r s ,
b u t t h at P h e r e cy d e s ag r e e d wi t h Home r i n r e c k on i ng s i x u

s on s an d s i x d au g h t e r s , w h il e He l l an i cu s all o w e d t h e l ad
y
n o mo r e t h an f ou r s on s an d t hr e e d au g h t e r s On t h e .

o t h e r h an d , X an t h u s t h e Ly di an , acc o r d i n g t o t h e same
S ch o li as t , cr e d i t e d h e r wi t h a s c o r e o f ch il d r en , e q u all y
d ivi d e d b e t w e e n t h e t w o se x e s He r e i n h e pr ob ab l y fol .

l ow e d t h e au t h o ri t y o f He s i od ( se e A p o ll od o r u s , b e l o w ) ,
an d t h e s ame l i b e r al c o mp u t at i o n i s s ai d t o h av e b e e n

acc e p t e d b y B acch yli d e s , Pi n d ar , an d M i mne r mu s , w h il e

S app h o r e d u c e d t h e fi g u re t o t w i c e n i n e , an d A l c man t o t e n
al l t o l d ( A u l u s G e l l i u s , x x 7 0 ; A e l i an , Var i a H i s to ri a , xii
. .

A e s ch yl u s an d S o p h oc l e s e ach w r o t e a t r ag e dy N i ob e ,

o f w h i ch s o me frag me n t s r e mai n S e e T r ag i co ru m Gr ae .

c oru m Fr agmen ta, e d A N au c k , pp 5 0 s q q , 228 s q T h e

2
. . . . .

Fr ag men ts of S op h oc les e d A 0 Pe ar s on , ii 9 4 s qq , frag , . . . . . .

4 4 2— 4 5 1 Th e s u b j e c t i s r en d e r e d famo u s b y t h e fi n e g r ou p
.

o f an c i e n t s t at u ar n o w i n t h e Utfi z i g all e r at Fl o r e n c e S ee
y y .

34 0
 T HE L I B RA RY , 1 1 1 . v . 6

Ze t h u s m arrie d T hebe aft e r w h om t h e ci t y of ,

T hebes is n ame d ; an d A m p hi o n m arrie d N i o be ,

d au gh t er o f Tan t al u s w h o b o re se v en s o n s S i py l u s
1
, , ,

E u p i n y t u s I s me n u s Damas i c h t h o n A g en o r Ph ae
, , , ,

d i mu s Tan t al u s an d t h e s am e n u mb e r o f d au g h t e r s
, , ,

Et h od ai a as s ome s ay N e ae ra) Cl e od ox a , , ,

A st y o c h e Ph t hi a Pe l op i a A s ty c rat i a an d O gy g i a
, , , , .

B u t H esi o d s ay s t h at t h e y h ad t e n s on s an d t e n

A Bau me i s t e r D en lcrna l er d es kl as s i s ch e n A l ter tu ms , iii

.
,
- .

1 6 74 s qq .A n t i q u i t y h e s i t at e d w h e t h e r t o as s ig n t h e g rou p
t o S c o p as or Pr axi t e l e s ( Pli n y , N at H i s t xxxvi an d . . .

mo d e r n opi n i on i s s t ill d ivi d e d o n t h e q u e s t i on Se e my n o t e .

on Pau san i as , 1 1 2 9 9 ( v o l iii p . . T h e p at h e t i c ch ar

. . .

ac t e r o f t h e g r ou p may p e rh ap s b e h e l d t o s p e ak i n fav ou r o f
S c opas , w h o s e e ms t o h av e e x c e ll e d i n t h e p or t ray al of t h e
s t e rn e r , s ad d e r e mo t i on s , w h il e Pr axi t e l e s d w e l t b y p r e f e r e n c e
on t h e b r ig h t e r , s o l t e r cre at i o n s o f t h e G r e e k r e ligi ou s
i maginat i on T h i s vi e w of t h e s omb re c as t o f t h e ge ni u s o f
.

S c op as i s s u gge s t e d b y t h e s u b j e c t s w h i ch h e ch ose for t h e

d e c o rat i on of t h e t e mpl e o f A t h e n a A l e a at T e g e a ( Pau s an i as ,
viii 4 5 5
. . an d b y t h e s c an t y r e mai n s o f t h e s c u lp t u r e s
w h i ch h av e b e e n fou n d on t h e s pot Se e my c ommen t ary on .

Pau s an i as , v ol iv pp 4 2 6 s q q
. . Ho w e v e r , t h e l at e h i s t o r i an
. .

of G r e e k s c u lp t u r e , P r o fe s s o r M Co llig n on , d e n i e d t h at t h e .

o r igi n al of t h i s famou s g r ou p , w h i ch h e r e g ar d e d as a c opy ,

‘

w as e i t h e r b y S c o p as or P r axi t e l e s He h e l d t h at i t b e l on g s .

t o an A s i at i c s ch oo l o f s c u lp t u r e ch ar ac t e r i z e d b y pi c t u r e s q u e
g r ou pi n g , an d t h at i t c o u l d n ot h av e b e e n e x e c u t e d b e fo r e t h e
t h i rd c e n t u r y B C T o t h e s ame s ch oo l h e w o u l d ass ig n
. .

an ot h e r f amo u s g r o u p o f s c u lp t u r e , t h at o f Di rc e an d t h e b u ll

( ab o v e , iii 5 5 n o t e )
. . S e e M Collig n o n , H i s to i r e de l a
. .

S c u lp tu r e Gr ec q u e ( P ar i s , 1 89 2 ii 5 32 s qq T h e t omb . .

o f t h e ch il d r e n o f N i ob e w as s h o w n at T h e b e s ( Pau s an i as ,
ix 1 6 7 ; c ompar e E u r ipi d e s , P h oen i s s ae, 1 5 9 s q ) b u t ao
. . .

c ord i n g t o S t at i u s ( T h eb vi 1 24 s q ) t h e M ater D ol or os a . . .

c arri e d t h e as h e s of h e r d ead ch il d r e n i n t wi c e s i x u r ns t o
b e b u r i e d o n h e r n at iv e M ou n t S i p y l u s T h u s t h e p oe t .

d u t i f ul ly f ol l o w s Home r i n r e g ar d t o t h e n u mb e r of t h e
ch il d r e n .
 A P O L LO DO R U S

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Ap é mAas A , W e s t e r mann ,
‘
M u ll e r ,
W ag n e r :
He y n e , B e kk e r , He rch e r .

1
Co mp ar e Pau s an i as cc o r d i ng t o w h om
, ii , 21 . 9, v . 1 6 4,
. a
M e l i b oe a w as t h e o r i g i n al n ame o f Ch l o r i s ; b u t s h e t u rn ed
p al e wi t h f e ar at t h e s l au g h t e r o f h e r b r o t h e r s an d s i s t e rs ,

an d s o r e c e iv e d t h e n ame o f C h l o r i s t h at i s t h e Pal e , ,

W oman A s t o t h e marr i ag e of Ch l or i s wi t h N e l e u s s ee
.
,

H o me r Od xi 2 8 1 s q q
,
. . .

2
T h e an c i e n t s d i ffe r e d as t o t h e d e at h of A mph i on .

A cc o r d i n g t o on e acc ou n t h e w e n t mad ( Lu ci an D e s al ta , ,

ti on e an d i n at t e mp t i n g t o at t ac k a t e mpl e of A po ll o
, ,

34 2
 A P O LL O DO R U S

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H oA v cpé w ov 1L6 A 6 150 11 7 os E : Hok v cpé w y K 6 A € l5 ~

(f ax/7 0 3 A .

S op h oc l e s an d i s r e p r od u c e d b y Z e n ob i u s ( C en t ii 68 ) i n a . .

so me w h at ab r i d g e d f o r m wi t h c e r t ai n v e r b al ch an g e s b ut ,

as u s u al w i t h o u t ac k n o wl e d g me n t S o me aral l e l s t or i e s
gee A p pe nd ix
.

o cc u r i n t h e f olk l o r e o f o t h e r p e opl e s .
,

Th e Oe d ip u s Le g e n d .

1
S op h oc l e s c all s h e r M e rop e ( O edi p u s T y r an nu s
,

an d s o d o e s S e n e c a ( O e d i u s 2 7 2 6 6 1 B u t acc o rd i n g
p , , , ,

t o Ph e re cy de s t h e wi f e o f Poly b u s was M ed u sa d au g h t e r
, ,

o f O rs i l o c h u s ( S ch oli as t o n S o h o c l es l c
p , . .

344
 T H E L I B RA RY , 1 1 1 . v .
7

to be g e t a son for t h e son t h at sh ou l d be be g ot t en

,

w ou l d k i ll his fat her ; ne v er t he l ess fl u she d w i t h ,

w ine h e h ad in t erc ou rse w i t h h i s w i fe A n d when

,
.

t h e b abe w as b o rn he p ierce d t h e chi l d s an kl e s

’

w i t h br oo ches an d gav e i t t o a her d s man t o e x

se B u t t h e h e r d sm an e x p o se d i t o n Ci t h aer o n ;
p o .

an d t h e n e at her d s of P o l y b u s k i n g o f Co rin t h fo u nd
, ,

t h e in fan t an d brou g h t i t t o his w i fe P e rib o e a 1

.

S he ad opt e d him an d pass e d him off as h er o wn ,

an d aft er sh e h ad he al e d his an kl es sh e c all e d

.

him Oe d i p u s g i v in g him t h at n ame on acc ou n t o f

,

his s w oll e n fee t 2

When t h e b oy g re w u p an d
.

e x ce ll ed his fe ll o w s in s t ren gt h t he y s p i t e fu ll y
'

t w i t t e d h i m w i t h bein g s u p p o si t i t i ou s He in .

q u ire d ot Perib o e a b u t c ou l d l e arn n ot hi n g ; so

,

h e w en t t o De lp hi an d in q u ir e d ab o u t h i s t r u e
p ar e n t s T h e .
g o d t o l d h i m n ot t o
g o t o his n at i v e

lan d bec au se he w o u l d m u rder his fat h er an d l i e

,

w i t h his m ot her O n he arin g t h at an d be l i e v i n g

.
,

himse l f t o b e t h e s on of his n omi n al p are n t s ,

h e l e ft Corin t h an d ri d in g i n a ch ari ot t hr ou gh
,

Ph o cis h e fe ll in w i t h Lai u s d ri v in g i n a ch ari ot

i n a cert ain n arro w r oad 3 A n d w h en Pol y p h o n t e s
.
,

Th e n ame Oe d ip u s w as i n t e r p r e t ed t o me an s w o ll e n
"

foot A s t o t h e pi e rc in g of t h e ch ild s an kl e s , s e e S o p h o c l e s ,
.
’

O ed u s T y rann u s , 7 1 8 ; E u r ipi d e s , P h oen i s s ae , 2 6 s q .

Di od or u s S i c u l u s , iv 6 4 l ; Pau san i as , x 5 3 ; Hygi n u s , Fa b

. . . . .

66 ; S e n e c a, O ed u s , 8 1 2 s q .

3
Th e “
n arr o w r oad i s t h e famou s Cl e f t Way ( Pau s a
n i as , x 5 3 s q . n ow c all e d t h e Cr o s s r o ad of Me g as ( S tav r o
. .

dr omL tou M eg a ) , w h e r e t h e r oad fr om Dau l is an d t h e r oad

from Th eb e s and Le b adea me e t and u n i t e i n t h e s i ngl e r oad
as c e nd i n g t hr ou h t h e l on g v all e y t o De lp h i A t t h i s p o i nt
g .

t h e p as s , s h u t i n on e i t h e r h an d b y l o f t y an d p r e c ipi t ou s
mou n t ai ns , pre se n t s on e of t h e wi l de s t an d grand e s t s c e ne s
i n all G r e e c e ; t h e t ou e ri ng cl i ffs of Parnas s u s on t h e
 A PO LL O DO R U S

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wA ar a ze wv
’
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a e wv
'

to b e th e r ead i n g
E Bu t of a mi s p r i n t
. t h i s i s appar e n t ly
S e e H e y n e Li d l HAa r vu e wV v i t i os e omnes cod d
”
for A
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2
¢ w u nu A Llo c i w E
pp . T h e r e ad i n g p
c w w
’
; i s s u pp o r t
. e d b y
t h e A r g u me n t t o S op h o c l e s , Oed i p us T y r an nu s ( p 6 e d . .

J e b b ) , t h e A 1 g u me 11 t t o E u r i pi d e s , P h oen issa e, an d t h e
S ch oli u m on v e r s e 5 0 ( S ch olia i n E ur ip i d em, e d E S ch w ar t z , . . .

v ol i pp 2 4 3 s q
. . . A t h e n ae u s , x 8 3 , p 4 5 6 B , and t h e
. . .

P a lati ne A n th ol ogy , x i v 6 4 , i n al l of w h i ch p as s ag e s t h e .

o r ac l e i s
q u o t e d wi t h cpww ; i n s t e ad o f u optpfi On t h e o t h e r
’
'
.
,

h and t h e r e adi n g ,u opcpfi i s s u pp or t e d b y s o me MS S o f .

T z e t z e s , S ch ol on L y cop h r on, 7 , t h o u g h t h e e d i t or , M u ll e r ,
.

p ri n t s (pan/47 i n t h e t e x t .

no r t h e r n s i d e o f t h e v all e y are t r u ly s u b li me N o t a t rac e o f .

h u man h ab i t at i on i s t o b e s e e n A l l i s s oli t u d e an d s il en c e .
,

i n k e e pi n g w i t h t h e t r agi c me mor i e s o f t h e s p o t Co mp ar e .

my c o mme n t ar y on Pau s an i as x 5 3 ( v ol v pp 2 3 1 s q . . . . . .

A s t o t h e Cl e f t l V ay o r T r ipl e W ay as i t w as al s o c all ed an d , ,

t h e f at al e n c ou n t e r o f t h e f at h e r an d s on at i t s e e S op h oc l e s , ,

Ged a s T y r an n u s 7 1 5 q 1 3 9 8 s qq ; Eu ri p i d e s P ho em sa e
, ’ .
,
s
,

3 7 s qq S e n e c a Oedip u s o2 7 6 s q q
.
, . .

1
Comp ar e Pau s an i as ix 5 4 , . . .

3 4 6
 A PO L LO DO R U S

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3
é we l He y n e , M ii ll er , W ag ne r : émi w EA , W e s t e r mann ,
B e kk e r n oA M ms A
i
. WOAA EW E .

A t o m/7 1 E A , Z e nob i u s , C en t ii 6 8 /1 1 He rch e r

5
A i d an . . .

7 111 6 0 011 1 E A : 7 6 11 11 6 17 001 1 <

.
p é v > Be kk e r .

511 m E , Wag ne r : w an t i n g i n A .

3
7 6 A 6 1 0 13p 6 vov 3 6 7 3V fi r ep wwov A,
. Hey n e , W e s te r man n ,
M ull e r , Be kk e r : 7 3V b wOpa mov omi t te d i n E and b y He rch e r
’

an d W ag n e r
9
“ wow < 6 l y a 1 > B e kk e r
. .

1°
woAv x/e lx n A , Hey n e , W es t e r mann , M ul l e r , B e kk e r , Her
ch e r : wk d xnv E , Z e nob i u s ( Cen t ii ’
W ag ne r Bo t h . . .

fo rms are att es t ed b y anci e nt w ri t e rs S e e W Pape , . .

Wé r ter b u ch der gr i ech i sch e E i gen namen ’, s v l l oA v vd mys '

n . . .

11
T n ép¢ av r os A e g i u s : 7 6 0 011 11 11 7 0 3 A .

3 4 8
 T H E L I BR A RY , I I I . v . 8 9
-

an d t wo -
foo t e d an d No w t h e T hebans
t hre e -
foot ed P
w e re in possessi o n o f an o rac l e w hich d ec l are d t h at
t he y sh o u l d be r i d o f t h e S p hi n x w he n e v er t h e y h ad
re ad h er ri ddl e ; so t he y o ft e n m e t an d d isc u sse d
t h e ans w er, an d w hen t he y c o u l d n ot fi n d i t t h e
S phi n x u se d t o s n at ch away on e o f t he m an d g obb l e
him u p When m any h ad p erished , an d l as t o f all
.

Cre on s son Hae m on , Cre o n m ade p r o c l am at i o n t h at

’

t o him w h o sh ou l d r e ad t h e ri d d l e h e w ou l d g i v e b o t h .

t h e k in g d o m an d t h e w i fe o f Lai u s O n he arin g t h at , .

Oe di pu s fou nd t h e s o l u t i o n, d ec l arin g t h at t h e ridd l e

o f t h e S hin x re ferre d t o man ; for as a b abe h e is
p
fou r foot e d , goin g on fou r l imbs, as an ad u l t he is
-

t wo foot e d, an d as an ol d m an he g e t s besides a t hird

-

s u p p or t in a s t aff S o t h e S p hin x t hre w herse l f fro m

.

t h e ci t ade l , an d O edi p u s b ot h s u cceeded t o t h e

k in g d o m an d u n w i t t in gly m arried his m o t her, an d
b e g at s ons b y her, P o ly nices an d Et e o c l e s , an d
d au g h t ers , I smene an d An t i g o n e 1 Bu t s ome say t h e .

chi l d ren w ere b orne t o him b y Eu ryg an i a d au g h t er ,

of H f
2
r h as When t h secre t a t er w ards c ame t
yp p
e e. o

l i g h t , Jc oast a h an g ed herse l f in a n oo se , an d Oedi p u s

3

1
Compar e Eu r ipi d e s , P h oen i s s ae , 5 5 s q q Dio do ru s S i cu .

l u s , iv 6 4 4 ;
. . 67 .

2
T h i s acc ou n t i s ad op t e d b y Pau s an i as ( ix 5 1 0 s q ) an d . . .

b y t h e S ch oli as t on E u r ipi d e s ( P h oen i s s ae , wh o c i t e s

Pi s an d e r as h i s au t h o r i t y A cc o r d i n g t o an o t h e r v e rs i on ,
.

Oe d ip u s , af t e r l os i n g J o c as t a marr i ed A s ty me d u s a, w h o
,

fal se ly acc u s ed h er s t e p so n s of at t e mp t i n g h e r vi r t u e S ee .

S ch oli ast on Home r , I i i v 3 7 6 ; E u s t at h i u s on Home r , l o ,

. . . .

p 3 69 ; S ch oli as t on E u ripi d e s , P h oen i ss ae, 5 3

. .

3
Co mp ar e Ho me r , Od xi 2 7 7 s q q ; S op h o c l e s O edip u s
. . .
,

T y r an n u s , 1 2 3 5 s qq A cc o r d i n g t o S e n e c a, i n o n e p as s ag e
.

( O e d ip u s , 1 03 4 J
o c as t a s t ab b e d h e r se l f t o d e at h o n

t h e d i s c o v e r y of h e r i n c e s t B u t E u r ipi d e s mak e s o c as t a
. J
s u r viv e h e r t wo son s an d s t ab h e r s e l f t o d e at h on
t h ei r d e ad b o d i e s S e e E u ripi d e s , P h oen i s s ae , 1 45 5— 1 4 5 9
. .

He r e i n h e was p e rh ap s f ol l ow e d b y S e n e c a i n h i s t rag e dy
34 9
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S e n e c a r e p r e s e n t s Jo cast a at t e mp t i n g t o mak e p e ac e b e t w e e n
E t e o c l e s an d P oly n i c e s o n t h e b at t l e fi e l d b u t t h e c on c l u s i on
o f t h e pl ay i s l o s t Si mil ar l y S t at i u s d es cr i b e s h ow J oc as t a
.

v ain l y e s s ay e d t o r e c on c il e h e r w arri n g s on s an d h ow s h e ,

s t ab b e d h e r s e l f t o d e at h o n l e ar n i n g t h at t h e y h ad f al l e n b y
e ach o th e r s h and s Se e S t at i u s T h eb v ii 4 7 4 s q q xi 6 3 4 s q q
’
. . . . . .
, ,

A c u r i o u s an d p r ob a b ly v e r y an c i e n t l e g e n d as sig n e d a
d i ffe r e n t mo t iv e fo r t h e c u r s e s of O e d ip u s I t i s s ai d t h at .

h i s s on s u s e d t o se n d h i m as h i s p o r t i o n t h e s h ou l d e r o f
e ve r s acr i fi c i al vi c t i m b u t t h at o n e d ay b y mi s t ak e t h e y
y ,

s e n t h i m t h e h au n ch ( i a x i ) i n s t e ad of t h e s h ou l d e r w h i ch
ov ,

s o e n r ag e d h i m t h at h e c u rs e d t h e m p rayi n g t o t h e g od s ,

t h at h i s s on s mig h t d i e b y e ach o t h e r s h an d s Th i s s t 0 1 y
’
.

was t ol d b y t h e au t h o r of t h e e pi c T h eb ai d S e e S ch oli as t .

o n S op h o c l e s O edi p u s C ol on eu s 1 3 7 5 ; Z e n ob i u s C ent v
, , . . .

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ne
giv e n t o Har mon i a at t h e ir marri age S ee ab ov e iii 4 2 .
, . . .

2
S e e ab ov e 1 8 5 . . .

3
A d r as t u s r e c e iv e d t h e o r ac l e fr om A p oll o S e e E u ripi d e s .
,

P h oen i s s ae 4 08 s q q S u p p li an ts 1 3 2 s q q
, . I n t h e s e pass ag e s
, , .

t h e p oe t d e s cr i b e s t h e n oc t u r n al b r aw l b e t we e n t h e t w o
e xil e d p r i n c e s at t h e g at e o f t h e pal ac e an d t h e i r r e c on c ili a ,

t i on b y A d ras t u s Co mp ar e Z e n ob i u s i 3 0 ; Hy gi n u s Fab
.
, .
, .

69 an d t h e e l ab o r at e d e s cr ip t i on o f S t at i u s Th eb i 3 7 0 s qq , . . .

T h e w o r d s o f t h e o rac l e w e n t o A d ras t u s are q u o t ed b y t h e

S ch oli as t on E u r ipi d e s h oen i s s ae 4 09 A ccord i n t o on e
n t e r p r e t at i on t h e b oar on t h e s h i e l d o f Ty d e u s r e f
, , .

e rre d t o

3 52
 T H E L I BRA RY , III . VI . 1— 2

1
nec kl ace T h e k i n g o f Ar g o s w as
an d th e r obe .

A d r ast u s , s o n o f T a l au s ; an d P o l y n ices w e n t up

t o h i s p al ace b y n i g h t an d e n g ag e d i n a fi gh t w i t h
T y d e u s , s o n o f O e n e u s, w h o h ad fl e d fr o m Cal y
d on 2
A t t h e s u dd e n o u t cry A d r as t u s app e are d
.

an d p ar t e d t he m, an d rem e mb eri n g t h e w o r d s o f

a cer t ai n se e r w h o t ol d h im t o y o k e h i s d au g h t e r s
in m arri ag e t o a b oar an d a l i on, he acce p t e d t he m
3

b o t h as b ri d e g r oo m s , b ec au s e t h e y h ad o n t heir
shie l d s, t h e o n e t h e fo re p ar t o f a b oar, an d t h e
ot her t h e fo r e ar t o f a l i on n d T d e u s marri e d
4
p A y .

D e i py l e , an d P oly n ice s m arri e d A rg i a ; an d f’

A d ras t u s p r omise d t h at he w o u l d res t o r e t h e m b ot h

t o t heir n at i v e l an d s A n d firs t he w as e ag e r t o .

m arch ag ain s t T h e b e s, an d he m u s t e r e d t h e chi e fs .

B u t Am p hi ar au s, s o n o f O i c l e s, bei n g a s eer an d
fo reseei n g t h at al l w h o j oi n e d in t h e e x p e d i t i on
e x ce p t A d ras t u s w er e d es t i n e d t o p erish , shr an k
fr o m i t himse l f an d d isc o u r ag e d t h e res t H o w e v er, .

P ol y nices w e n t t o I p his, s o n o f A l e c t or, an d b e gg e d

t o k n o w h ow A mp hi arau s c o u l d be c om p e ll e d t o g o

t h e Ca lyd on i an b oar w h il e t h e li on on t h e s h i e l d o f Poly

,

n i c e s r e f e rr e d t o t h e li o n f ac ed S p h i n x O t h e r s p r e fe rr e d t o
-
.

s u pp os e t h at t h e t w o ch i e f t ai n s w e r e c l ad i n t h e s ki n s o f a

b oar an d a li on r e sp e c t iv e ly S e e S ch o li as t on E u r ipi d e s
.
,

l o
. . Hygi n u s F ab 6 9 , . .

4
A s t o t h e d e vi c e s w h i ch t h e G r e e k s p ai n t e d o n t h e i r
s h i e l d s as t h e se are d e s cr i b e d b y an c i en t w r i t e r s or d e pi c t e d
,

i n v as e p ain t i n g s se e G H Ch as e
-
, Th e S h i e l d De v i c e s of t h e
. .
,

G r ee k s H a/rvar d S tu di es i n C las s i c al P h i lology v ol xiii

, ,
. .

pp 6 1 1 2 7 From t h e e vi d en c e c oll e c t ed i n t h is e s say ( pp 9 8

.
-
. .

an d 1 1 2 s q ) i t app e ar s t h at b ot h t h e b o ar an d t h e li on are
.

c ommon d e vi c e s on s h i e l d s i n v as e p ai nt i n g s -
.

5
Co mpar e Di od oru s S i c u l u s iv 6 5 3 ; S ch oli as t o n E u r i , . .

pid e s P h oen i s s ae 4 0 9 ; Hy gi nu s F ab 69 ; S t at i u s T h eb
, , , .
, .

ii 2 0 1 s qq
. .

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o mi t t e d b y H e rch e r
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1
Th e pl ac e of E te oc l u s a mon g
Ch ampi on s i s the S e ven
r e c og n i z e d b y A e s ch y l u s ( S ev en agai n s t T h eb es 4 58 ,

S o p h oc l e s ( O edip u s O olon eu s an d E u r ipi d e s i n o n e,

pl ay ( S u p p li an ts 8 7 1 b u t n o t i n an ot h e r ( P h o en i s s ae ,
,

1 09 0 an d h e i s o mi t t e d b y Hygi n u s ( F ab Hi s .

r ig h t t o r an k amon g t h e S e v en s e ems t o h ave b e e n ac k n o w

l e d g ed b y t h e A r giv e s t h ems e lv e s , s i n c e t h e y i n c l u d e d h i s
p or t rai t i n a g rou p of s t at u ar y r e p r e se n t in g t h e Ch ampi on s
w h i ch t h e y d e d i c at ed at De lp h i S e e Pau sani as , x 1 0 3 . . . .

2
B r o t h e r o f A d r as t u s See i 9 1 3 . . . .

3
A s t o t h e me e t i n g of t h e S e v e n Ch ampi o ns wi t h H yp s i
pyl e at N e me a, t h e d e at h o f Op h e l t es , an d t h e i n s t i t u t i on o f
t h e N e me an g ame s , s e e S ch o li a on P i n d ar , N em A r gu men t .
, .

pp 4 24 s q e d Boe ckh B acch yli d e s E p i n i c viii [ix ] 1 0 s qq

. . .
, . . . .

C l e me n t of A l e x an d r i a P r ovr ep t ii 3 4 , p 2 9 , e d Pot t e r , wi t h
, . . . .

t h e S ch oli as t ; Hygi n u s , F ab 7 4 an d 2 7 3 ; S t at i u s , T h eb . .

i v 6 4 6— v i
. Lac t an t i u s Pl ac i d u s, o n S t at i u s , Th eb iv 7 1 7
. . .

S cri p tor es r eru m my th i car u m L ati n i , e d G H B od e v o l i . . . . . .

p 1 2 3 ( S e c on d V at i c an My t h og r ap h e r ,
. T h e i n s t i t u t i on
o f t h e N e me an g ame s i n h on ou r o f Op h e l t es or A rch e mo r u s

w as n o t i c e d b y A e s ch y l u s in a l o s t pl ay S e e T r ag i coru m .

Gr aecor u m Fr agmen ta, e d A N au c kz, p 49 .T h e j u d g es at

. . .

t h e N e m e an g ame s w o r e d ar k c ol o u r e d r ob e s i n mou r n i n g , i t -

35 6
 THE L I B RA RY , III . VI .
3 4
—

A mp hi arau s , O i c l
son
e s ; C a
p a neofu s ,
s on o f H i p
p on o u s H i pp o m ed on , s on of Aris t o m ach u s , b ut

s ome say o f Tal au s T hese c ame fr om Ar g o s ; b u t .

P ol y n ice s, s on o f O e d i p u s, c ame fr om T he b es ;
Ty d e u s , s on o f O e n e u s , w as an Ae t ol i an ; Par t h e n o
ae u s , s on o f M e l an i o n , w as an Arc ad i an S om e ,
p .

h o w e v er, d o n ot rec k o n Ty d e u s an d P ol y n ices

am o n g t h e m, b u t i n c l u d e Et e o c l u s , son o f I h is ,
1
p
an d M eci s t e u s t h e l is t o f t h e s e v e n
2 in
.

H av i n g c o me t o N e m e a, o f w hich Ly c u r g u s w as
k i n g, t h e y s o u g h t fo r wat er ; an d Hyp sip y l e sh o w e d
t h e m t h e w ay t o a s p ri n g , l e av i n g b e hi n d an in fan t
b oy O p he l t es , w h o m s h e n u rse d , a chi l d of E u ry
d ice an d Ly c u r g u s 3 Fo r t h e L em n i an w om e n , aft er
.

is id
sa for Op h e l t e s ( S ch oli as t on Pi nd ar , N em , A r g a m
, . .

p 4 2 5 , e d B oe ckh ) ; an d t h e cro w n o f par s l e y b e st ow e d on

. .

t h e vi c t o r i s r e p or t e d t o h av e b e e n ch os e n for t h e s ame s ad
r e as on ( S e r vi u s , on Vi r gil , E e l vi H o w e v e r , acc o r d i n g
. .

t o ano t h e r acc ou n t , t h e cr o w n s at N e mea w e r e o r igi n ally

mad e of o liv e , b u t t h e mat e r i al w as ch an g e d t o p ar s l e y af t e r
t h e d i s as t e r s o f t h e Pe r s i an war ( S ch ol i as t o n P i n d ar ,
Th e g r av e of Op h e l t e s w as at N e me a, e nc l os e d b y a s t on e
w all ; an d t h e r e w e r e al t ar s wi t h i n t h e e n c l os u r e ( Pau
s au i as , ii 1 5 , . E u r ipi d e s w r o t e a t r ag e d y H yp s i p y l e ,
o f w h i ch man y fr ag me n t s h av e r e c e n t ly b e e n d i s c o v e r e d i n

E gyp t i an p ap y r i S ee T r ag i cor u m Gr aecor u m Fr ag men ta,

.

e d A N au c k , pp 5 9 4 s qq
. .
z
A S Hu nt , T r ag i cor wm Gr ae
. . . .

cor u m Fr agmen ta P ap y r acea n ap er r ep er ta ( Ox for d , n o

d at e , n o p agi n ati on ) I n on e of t h e se fr ag me n t s ( c ol iv 2 7 s q )
. . . .

i t i s s ai d t h at L y c u r g u s w as ch os e n fr om all A sopi a t o b e t h e
w ar d e r ( x An80 13xos) o f t h e l o c al Z e u s Th e r e w e re o ffic i al s
’

b e ar i ng t h e s ame t i t l e ( s k e zfiofix m) at Oly mpia ( Di t t e n b er g e r ,

S y l l og e I n s cri p ti on u m Gr a e ear u m , v o l ii p 1 6 8 , N o 1 0 2 1 )
3
. . . .

i n De l o s ( Di t t e n b e r g e r , Or i en vi s Gr a eei I n s cr i p ti on es S el ec
tae , v o l i p 2 5 2 , N o
. . . an d i n t h e w o r s h ip o f A e sc u l a
.

pi u s at A t h e n s ( E S R ob e r t s and E A G ard n e r , I n vrodu cti on

. . . .

t o Gr e ek E p i g r ap h y , Par t ii p 4 1 0 , N o . Th e d u t y
. .

from w h i ch t h ey t ook t h e i r t i t l e w as t o k e e p t h e k e y s of t h e
3 57
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He y n e ,
W e s t e r man n .

4
7 1 7s Ba mAe i as H e rch e r : 7 i7v Ba mA e fav He y n e , VVe s t-e r
mann , M u ll e r , B e kk e r , W ag n e r ( foll o wi n g app ar e n t ly t h e
MSS .

tem pl e A fi n e r e li e f i n t h e Pal azzo Sp ad a at R ome r e p r e s en t s

.

th e s e r p e n t c oil e d r o u n d t h e d e ad b od y o f t h e ch il d Op h e l t e s

an d at t ac k e d b y t w o of t h e h e r o e s w h il e i n t h e b ac kg r o u n d ,

Hy p s ipyl e i s se en r e t r e at i n g wi t h h e r h an d s h e l d u p i n h o rr o r ,

an d h e r pi t ch e r lyi n g at h e r f e e t S e e W H R o s ch e r . . .
,

L ex i kon d er gr i ech a n d r om 111 y th ol og i e i 47 3 ; A . .

, . .

B au me i s te r D en kmal er d e s klas s i s c h en A l ter tu ms i 1 1 3

, , .
,

fi g 1 1 9 T h e d e at h of Op h e l t e s o r A rch e mo r u s i s al s o t h e
. .

s u b j e c t o f a fi n e v as e p ai n t i n g w h i ch s h ow s t h e d e ad b oy -
,

lyi n g on a b i e r an d at t en d e d b y t wo w omen on e of w h om i s ,

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Fo r t h e e mb as s y
T y d e u s t o T h e b e s and i t s s e q u e l , se e
of

Ho m e r ,
I l iv 3 8 2
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—
3 9 8 ,
v 8 0 .2—
8 08 ,
wi t h t h e S ch o li as t o n .

v 3 7 6 ; Di od or u s S i c u l u s , iv 6 5 4 ; S t at i u s , T h eb i i 3 0 7 <
.
q . . . .

T h e s i e g e o f T h e b e s b y t h e A r giv e ar my u n d er t h e S e v e n
Ch ampi on s 1 s t h e su b j e c t o f t w o e x t an t G r e e k t r ag e d i e s , t h e
S ev en ag ai n s t T h eb es o f A e s ch yl u s , an d t h e P h oen i s s ae of
E u r ipi d e s I n b o t h of t h e m t h e at t ac k o n t h e s e v e n g at e s
.

b y t h e S e v e n Ch ampi on s 1 s d es cr i b e d S e e t h e S ev en ag ai n s t .

Th eb es , 3 7 5 s q q ; P h oen i s s ae , 1 0 5 s q q , 1 09 0 s qq
. Th e s i e g e . .

i s al s o t h e t h e ni c o f S t at i u s s l on g wi nd e d an d b o mb as t i c
’

3 6 0
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-

mess ag e , Ty d e u s , b y w ay p i g t h e T h e b an s t o of u tt n

t h e p r oo f ch all en g e d t hem t o si n gl e c om b at an d
,

w as v ic t ori ou s in e v ery e nc ou n t er ; an d t h ou g h t h e
T he b an s s e t fi fty arme d m e n t o l i e i n w ai t for him
as he w en t aw a he s l e w t hem al l b u t M ae o n an d
y , ,

t h e n c ame t o t h e c amp 1
.

H av i n g arme d t he mse l v es t h e Ar g i v e s app r oache d ,

2
t h e w all s ; an d as t her e w ere se v e n g at es A d r as t u s ,

w as s t at i o n e d at t h e H o mol o i d i an gat e Cap ane u s at ,

t h e O gy g i an A mp hi arau s at t h e Pro e t i d i an H i p p o
, ,

me n t d o a t h e O c aid i an P ol y n ic e s at t h e H y p s i s t an
n ,
3
,

Part hen o p ae u s at t h e El e c t ran an d Ty d e u s at t h e ,

Cr e n i d i an 4
Et e o c l e s o n h i s s i d e ar m e d t h e T heb an s
.
,

an d h av i n g app o in t e d l e ad e r s t o mat ch t h o se o f t h e

e n e my i n n u mb e r he pu t t h e b at t l e in arr ay an d , ,

res or t e d t o d i v i n at i on t o l e arn h o w t hey mi g h t o v er

c om e t h e fo e N o w t here w as amo n g t h e T h e b an s
.

a s oo t hs a er T ire s i as s o n o f E v er e s an d a n m h
y , , y p
Ch aric l o o f t h e fami l y o f Ud ae u s t h e S p ar t an an d
,
5
, ,

h e h ad l o s t t h e si g h t o f his e y e s Di ffere n t s t ories .

ar e t ol d ab o u t his b l i n d n e s s an d his o w e r o f s o ot h
p
s ay i n g For s om e say t h at he w as b l i n d e d b y t h e
.

go d s bec au se h e re v e al e d t h e ir s ecre t s t o m e n Bu t .

e pi c t h e T h eb ai d
,
Co mpar e al s o Di od or u s S i cu l u s iv 65
.
, . .

7 9 ; Pau s an i as i 3 9 2 i i 2 0 5 viii 25 4 x 1 0 3 ; B y g i
—
, . .
, . .
,
. .
,
. .

n u s F ab 6 9 7 0
, . T h e w ar w as al s o t h e s u b j e c t o f t w o l os t
,
.

poe ms of t h e s ame n ame t h e T h eb ai d of Call i h u e an e ar ly , ,

e l e gi ac p oe t an d t h e T h eb ai d o f A n t i mach u s
,
a c on t e m ,

r ar o f P l at o S e e E p i cor u m Gr a ec or u m Fr ag m en ta e d
p o y . , .

G K i n k e l pp 9 s q q 2 7 5 s q q
. . . A s t o t h e s e v e n g at es of
. .

T h eb e s s e e Pau s an i as ix 8 4 7 wi t h my c omme n t ar y
, ,
. .
—
,

( v ol iv pp 35 s qq
. . . T h e an c i e n t s w e r e n ot e n t i r e ly ag r e e d
.

as t o t h e n ame s o f t h e g at e s .

3
T h at i s t h e Hig h e s t G at e
,
.

1
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“
.
,
5
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, ,

d r ag o n s t e e t h s o w n b y Cad mu s S ee ab o v e iii 4 l
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. . .
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ve t o v A e i u s , B e kk e r , H e rch e r , “ W ag n e r : K v a v e Lov EA ,
3
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Co mme l i n u s , Gal e, H e y n e , W e s t e r man n , M ul l e r .

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1
T h i s c u r i ou s s t or y of t h e d ou b l e ch an g e o f s e x e x
p e ri e n ce d b y T i r es i as , wi t h t h e c au se of i t , i s t ol d al s o b y
Ph l e g on , M i r ab i l za 4 ; Tz e t z e s , S ch ol 0 77 IAJ COp h r on , 6 8 3 ,
. .

E u s t at h i u s o n Ho me r , O d x 4 9 2 , p 1 6 65 ; S ch ol i as t o n
. . .

Home r , 0 d x 4 9 4 ; A n t on i n u s Li b e ral i s , T r an sform 1 7

. . .

O vi d , M etamorp h iii 3 1 6 s q q . . Hygi n u s , F ab 7 5 ; Lac t an

. .

t i u s Pl ac i d u s , o n S t at i u s , T h eb ii 9 5 ; Fu l g e n t i u s , M y th o
. .

l og ii 8 ; S cri p tor es r er u m my th i car u m L ati n i , e d G H

. . . . .

B od e , v ol i pp 5 , 1 04 , 1 69 ( Fi r s t V at i c an M y t h og r ap h e r , 1 6 ;
. . .

S e c on d Vati c an My t h og rap h e r , 8 4 , T h i rd Vat i c an My t h o

g r ap h e r , i v . P h l e g o n s ay s t h at t h e s t o r y w as t ol d b y
He s i od , Di cae arc h u s , Ol i t ar c h u s , an d Calli mach u s He ag r e e s .

wi t h A p oll od or u s , Hygi n u s , Lac t an t i u s Pl aci d u s , an d t h e

S e c on d Vat i c an My t h o g rap h e r i n l ayin g t h e s c e n e o f t h e
i n c i d e n t o n M o u n t Oy ll e n e i n A rc adi a ; w h e r e as E u s t at h i u s
an d T z e t z e s l ay i t o n M ou n t C i t h ae r o n i n B oe o t i a, w h i ch i s
mo r e app r op r i at e for a T h e b an s e e r A cc o r d i n g t o B u s t a
.

t h i u s an d T z e t z e s , i t w as b y killi n g t h e f e mal e s nak e t h at

T i r e s i as b e c ame a w o man , an d i t w as b y af t e r war d s killi n g
t h e mal e s n ak e t h at h e w as ch an g e d b ac k i n t o a man .

A cc or d in g t o O vi d , t h e see r r e mai ne d a w oman for s e v e n

y ear s , an d r e c o v e r e d h i s mal e s e x i n t h e e ig h t h ; t h e Fi r s t
Vat i c an M y t h o g rap h e r s ay s t h at h e r e c o v e re d i t af t e r e ig h t
y e a r s ; t h e T h i r d V at i c an M y t h o g r ap h e r a ffir m s t h at h e
r e c o v e r ed i t in t h e se v en t h y e ar A ll t h e w r i t e r s I h av e .

c i t e d , e x c e p t A n t on i nu s Lib e ral i s , r e c or d t h e v e rd i c t of
T i r e s i as o n t h e q u e s t i o n s u b mi t t e d t o h i m b y Z e u s an d H e ra,
t h ou g h t h e y ar e n o t al l ag r e e d as t o t h e p r e c i s e mat h e mat i c al
p r op or t i on e xp re s s e d i n i t Fu r t h e r , t h ey al l , e x c e p t A n t o
.

n i n u s Li b e r al i s , ag r e e t h at t h e b li n d n e s s o f T i r es i as w as a
p u n i s h me n t i n fl i c t e d o n h i m b y H e ra ( u n o ) b e c au s e h i s J
an s w e r t o t h e q u e s t i on w as d i s p l e as i n g t o h e r A cc o r d i n g t o .

P h l e g on , Hygi n u s , Lac t an t i u s Pl aci d u s , an d t h e S e c o n d

6
3 4
 T H E L I B RA R Y, 7

behe l d s n ak e s c op u l at i n g on Cy ll ene an d t h at h av i n g ,

w o u nd e d t hem he w as t u r n e d fro m a man i n t o a

w oman b u t t h at on ob ser v i n g t h e sam e s n ak e s
,

c0
p u l at i 1 1
g ag ai n h e b ec am e a man
1
H ence w,
hen .
,

V at i c an M y t h o g rap h e r t h e
li fe of Ti r es i as was p rol on g e d b y
Z e u s ( J u pi t e r ) s o as t o l as t s e v e n or d i n any liv e s .

Th e n o t i on t h at i t i s u n l u c ky t o s e e s n ak e s c ou pli n g app e ar s
t o b e wi d e s p r e ad I n S ou t h e r n I n di a t h e s ig h t of t w o
“
.

s nak e s c o il e d r o u n d e ach ot h e r i n s e x u al c o n g r e ss i s c on

s i d e re d t o p o r t e n d s o me g r e at e vi l
”
( E T h u r s t on E th n o .
,

gr ap h i c N otes i n S ou th er n I n d i a Mad r as 1 9 06 p Th e , , , .

Ch i n s o f N o r t h e ast e r n I n d ia t h i n k t h at
-
on e o f t h e w o r s t

ome n s t h at i t i s p o s s i b l e t o s ee i s t w o s n ak e s c o p u l at i n g an d ,

a man w h o s e e s t h i s i s n o t s u pp ose d t o r e t u r n t o h i s h o u se o r

( B e r t ram
”
t o s p e ak t o an y on e u n t il t h e n e x t s u n h as r i s e n
S Car ey and H N Tu c k T h e C h i n H i l ls v ol i R an goon
. . .
, , . .
,

1 8 96 p ,
. I t i s c on s i d e r e d e x t r e me l y u n l u c ky for a
“

Ch i n t o c ome u p on t w o s n ak e s c op u l at i n g an d t o av oi d ill ,

fo r t u n e h e mu s t r e mai n ou t s id e t h e vill ag e t h at n ig h t wi t h ,

ou t e at i n g c ook e d f ood ; t h e n e x t mo r n i n g h e may p r o c e e d

t o h i s h ou s e b u t on arr i v al t h e r e mu s t kill a f o wl an d i f
, , , ,

wi t h i n h i s mean s h ol d a fe as t If a man omi t s t h e s e p re

,
.

c au t i on s an d i s fou n d ou t h e i s li ab l e t o p ay c omp e n sat i on ,

of a b i
g m y th u n a pig o n e b l an k e t an d o n e b e ad w h at e v e r
, , , ,

h i s me an s t o t h e fir s t man h e b r i n g s ill l u c k t o b y t alki n g t o

,
-

h im . B e fo r e t h e B ri t i s h o cc u p at i on i f t h e man for any , ,

r e ason c o u l d n ot p ay t h e c omp e n sat i o n t h e ot h e r mig h t

, ,

mak e a s l av e o f h i m b y c l ai mi n g a pig w h e n e v e r o n e of h i s
,

d au g h t e r s marr i e d ( W R H e ad H a ka C h i n C u s toms
”
. .
, ,

R an g oon 1 9 1 7 p ,
I n t h e H i mal ay as c e r t ai n r e ligi o u s
, .

c e r emon i e s are p r e s cr i b e d w h e n a p e rs on h as s een s n ak e s

c o u pli n g ( J ou r n al of th e A s i al i c S oci ety of B en g al 1 884 , ,

pt i p 101
. . . t h e n at u r e o f t h e c e r e mon i e s i s n ot d e s cr i b e d ) .

I n T i mo rl au t o ne of t h e E as t I nd i an I s l an ds i t i s d e e me d
, ,

an o me n o f g r e at mi s fo r t u n e i f a man d r e ams t h at h e s e e s
s n ak e s c ou pli n g ( J G F R i e d e l D e s ta i h en kr oes h ar i g e
. . .
,

r as s e n tu s s ch en S el eb es en P ap u a T h e Hag u e 1 88 6 p , , ,
.

Si mil arly i n S ou t h e r n I nd ia t h e r e p r e v ail s a s u p e rs t i ti ou s “

b e li e f t h at i f a p e r son s ee s t w o cr o w s e ng ag e d i n se x u al
,

c on g r e ss h e will d i e u nl e ss o ne of h i s r e l at i on s s h e ds t e ar s
, .

T o av e r t t h i s c at as t r o p h e f al s e n e w s as t o t h e d e at h ar e s e n t
,

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T h e s e v e r s e s ar e p r ob ab ly i n t e1 p ol at e d
2
T h e y ar e r e .

p e at e d b y t h e S ch oli as t on Ho me r , 0 d x 4 9 4 , an d b y . .

T z e t z e s , S ch ol on L y cop h r on , 6 8 3 . .

71LaxT e v 0 7u 6 l O LS H e y n e , B e kk e r , H e rch e r , W ag n e r : 71 0 7 7 6 17
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dp e u o s A , W e s t e r mann , M ull e r .

4
7 77 0 7 7; H e y n e , B e kk e r , He rch e r , W agn e r : 7 p67rcu ov A ,
W e s t e r man n .

b y th e p os t or t e l e g r ap h an d s u b s e q u en t ly c o rre c t e d b y a ,

l e t t e r or t e l e g r am an n ou n c i n g t h at t h e i n d ivi d u al i s aliv e ”

( E T h u r s t o n op ci t p
.
, A s i mil ar b e li e f as t o t h e d i re
. . .

e ffe c t o f s e e i n g cr o w s c o u pli n g an d a s i mil ar mo d e o f av e r t i n g ,

366
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dy au s A A e g i u s , Comme l i n u s , G a e , He n e , an d B e
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3
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T es e o d s ar e . h w r
pr ly
ob ab an nte o at on , as H ey n e i rp l i
t y ob se e d rig h l rv .

T e are o m t t e d b y He
h y e i rch r .

1
A s t o th e i gl e c omb at an d d eat h of E t e oc l e s an d
s n

P oly n i c es , s e e , A es ch y l u s S even agai n s t T h e b es 804 s q q

, .

E u r ip i d e s , P h oen i s s ae , 1 3 5 6 s qq ; Di o do r u s S i cu l u s , 1 v 6 5 8 ; . .

Pau s an i as , ix 5 1 2 ; Hy gi n u s , Fab 7 1 ; S t at i u s , T h eb xi
. . . . .

44 7 — 5 7 9 .

2
A cc o r d i n g t o S t at i u s ( T h eb ix 4 5 5 Hippome d on . .

w as o v e rw h e l me d b y a c l ou d of T h e b an mi ss il e s af t e r b e i ng
n e ar l d r o w n e d i n t h e r iv e r I s me n u s
y .

3
A s t o t h e d e at h o f Par t h e n op ae u s , s e e E u r ipi d e s , P h oe
n i s s a e , 1 1 5 3 s qq I n t h e T h eb a id , al s o , Pe r i c ly me nu s w as
.

368
 T H E LI B RA R Y, 1 1 1 w s . .

E t e o c l es P o ly nices b y t h e r e s ol u t i on o f b ot h
an d ,

ar mies fo u g h t a s i n gl e c omb at for t h e k in gd om

, ,

an d s l e w e ach ot her 1
I n an ot her fi erc e b at t l e
.

th e s ons of As t ac u s d i d d o u gh t y d ee d s ; fo r
I sm ar u s s l e w H i p p ome d on L e ad e s s l e w Et e o c l u s
2
, ,

an d A m h i d oc u s s l e w P ar t h e n op ae u s B u t E u ri i d e s
p p .

s ay s t h a t Part h e n op ae u s w as s l ai n b y Peric ly m e n u s ,

s on of P o sei d on
3
A n d M e l an i p p u s t h e re mai n i n g
.
,

o n e o f t h e so n s o f As t ac u s w o u n d e d T d e u s i n t h e
y ,

be lly A s h e l ay h al f d e ad At he n a br o u g h t a
.
,

me d ici n e w hich she h ad b e gg ed o f Ze u s an d b y ,

wh ich she in t e n d e d t o m ak e him im mo r t al B u t .

Amp hi ar au s h at e d Ty d e u s fo r t h wart in g him b y

ers u ad i n g t h Ar g i ve s t o m arch t o T hebes ;
p e s o

w he n he p e rc e i v e d t h e i n t e n t i on of t h e g odd ess h e
cu t o ff t h e h e ad o f M e l an i p p u s an d g av e i t t o
Ty d e u s w h o w o u n d e d t h o u g h he w as h ad k i ll e d
, , ,

him A n d Ty d e u s s p l i t op e n t h e he ad an d g u l p e d
.

u p t h e brains B u t w he n A t he n a s aw t h at in d is g u s t
.
,

she g ru d g e d an d w i t hh e l d t h e in t e n d e d b e n e fi t 4
.

re p re se nt e d as t h e s l ay e r of Part h en opaeu s S e e Pau sani as .

,

ix 1 8 6
. . .

1
Comp ar e T z e t z e s S ch ol on L y cop h ron 1 06 6 ; S ch o li as t
‘
.
, ,

o n Pi nd ar N em x 7 , S ch olias t on Home r I l v 1 2 6
. .
, . . .

A l l t h e se w r i t e r s s ay t h at i t w as A mp h i ar au s n o t Ty d e u s , ,

w h o kill e d as w e ll as d e c ap i t at e d M e l an i pp u s P au s an i as al s o .

1 8 1 ) r e p r e s e n t s M e l ani pp u s as s l ai n b y A mp h i ar au s
. .

Hen c e He y n e was p e rh ap s r i g h t i n r e j e c t i ng as an i n t e r p ol at i on
t h e w ords w h o w ou nd e d t h o u g h h e w as h ad kill e d h i m
“ ”
, , .

S e e t h e C r i t i c al N o t e Th e s t o r y i s t ol d al s o b y S t at i u s ( T h eb
. .

viii 7 1 7 7 6 7 ) i n h i s u su al d i ffu s e s t yl e b u t acc or d in g t o h i m

.
—

i t w as Cap an e u s n o t A mp h i ar au s w h o s l e w an d b e h e ad e d
, ,

M e l anipp u s an d b r ou g h t t h e g o r y h e ad t o Ty d e u s Th e .

s t o r y o f T y d e u s s s av ag e r y i s all u d e d t o mor e t h an on c e b
’

y
O vi d i n h i s I b i s ( 4 2 7 s q 5 1 5 t h at c u r i o u s w o r k i n w h i ch
.
,

t h e p oe t h as d i s t ill e d t h e w h ol e r an g e o f an c i e n t my t h ol ogy
fo r t h e p u r p ose o f c ommi n at i on Wi t h t h i s t rad i t i on o f
.

6
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7 0 77 3 B e kk e r : L Di n d o r f He rch e r .
, .

c ann i b ali s m on t h e fi e ld of b at t l e w e may c omp ar e t h e c u s t om

o f t h e an c i e n t S c y t h i an s w h o r e g u l ar ly d e c api t at e d t h e i r
,

e n e mi e s i n b at t l e an d d ran k o f t h e b l o o d o f t h e fir s t man t h e y

s l e w ( He r od ot u s iv I t h as i n d e ed b e e n a c ommo n
.

p rac t i c e wi t h s av ag e s t o s w all ow so me p ar t of a s l ai n foe i n

o r d e r wi t h t h e b l ood o r fl e s h o r b rai n s t o a c u i r e t h e d e ad
, q ,

man s v al ou r S e e fo r e x ampl e L A M ill e t M u r e au Voy ag e

’
-
. . .
,

d e l a P er ou s e au tou r di L M 0 n d e ( Par i s ii 2 7 2 ( as t o t h e , .

Cali f o r n i an I n d i an s ) Fay Coop e r Co l e T h e Wi l d T r i b es of -

,

D av ao D i s tr i ct M i n d an a o ( Ch i c ag o
, pp 9 4 1 89 ( as ,
.
,

t o t h e P h ilippi n e I s l an d e r s ) I h av e c i t e d many mo r e i n .

s t an c e s i n S p i r i ts of th e C or n an d o
f t h e W i l d ii 1 4 8 s qq , . .

T h e s t o r y o f t h e b r u t ali t y of Ty d e u s t o Me l an ipp u s may

c on t ai n a r e mi ni s c e n c e of a s i milar cu s t o m Fr om t h e .

S ch o li as t on Home r w e l e ar n t h at th e s t o r y w as t o l d b y
P h e r e c y d e s w h om A p oll o d o r u s may b e fo ll o wi n g i n t h e
,

p re s e n t p as s age T h e g rav e of M e l an ipp u s w as on t h e r oad

.

fr om T h e b e s t o Ch al c i s ( Pau s an i as ix 1 8 b u t Cli s t h e n e s , . .
,

t y rant o f Si c y on f et ch e d M e l an ipp u s ( 6 77 67
,
“
2 7 7 67 0 7 77

M Aa m ) t o Si c y on an d d e d i c at e d a p r e c i n c t t o h i m i n t h e
’
6 1 1 r7rov

P ry t an e u m or t o w n h all mo r e o v e r h e t ran s fe rr e d t o M e l an
-
,

i pp u s t h e s acr i fic e s an d f es t al h on ou r s w h i ch t ill t h e n h ad
b e e n offe r e d t o A d r as t u s t h e foe of M e l an ipp u s , S e e He r od .

otu s v ,
67 . I t i s p r ob ab l e t h at Cli s t h en e s i n
. fet ch i n g ,
“

M e l an ipp u s t r an s fe rr e d t h e h e r o s b on e s t o t h e n e w s hr i n e
,
’

at Si c y on f oll o wi n g a c o mmon p r ac t i c e o f t h e an c i en t G r e e k s
, ,

wh o w e re as an xi o u s t o s e c u r e t h e mi rac u l ou s r e li c s o f h e r oe s
as mo d e r n Cat h o li c s ar e t o s e c u r e t h e e q u ally mi r ac u l ou s r e li c s
o f s ai n t s Th e mos t f amo u s c as e o f s u ch a t r an s l at i on o f h oly
.

b on e s w as t h at of O r e s t e s w h os e r e mai ns w e r e r e mov ed fr om
,

37 °
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é p dqfidn R é u
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ro 0
, .

w as a s mall
c l os u re wi t h pill ar s i n i t S e e Pau san i as ix
en .
, .

8 3 . A s t h e g r o u n d w as s pli t o p e n b y a t h u n d e r b o l t t o
.

r e c e iv e A mp h i arau s ( Pi nd ar N em ix 2 4 ( 5 9 ) s qq x 8 ( 1 3 ) , . . .
, .

t h e e n c l o s u r e wi t h pill ars i n i t w as d ou b t l e s s on e o f
t h os e li t t l e s an c t u ar i e s mar k e d o ff b y a f e n c e w h i ch t h e , ,

G r e e k s alw ay s i ns t i t u t e d o n g r ou n d s t r u c k b y lig h t ni n g See .

b e l ow n ot e on iii 7 l , . . .

A r i on t h e s wi f t s t e e d o f A d r as t u s i s me nt i on e d b y
, ,

Ho me r wh o all u d e s b r i e fl y t o t h e d ivi n e p ar e n t ag e of t h e
,

an i mal ( I l xxiii 346 wi t h ou t givi ng p ar t i c u l ar s as t o

. .

t h e q u ai n t an d c u r i ou s my t h wi t h w h i ch h e w as p r ob ab ly
ac q u ai n t e d T h at my t h on e of t h e mo s t s av ag e of all t h e
.
,

s t o r i e s o f an c i e n t G r e e c e w as r e v e al e d b y l at e r w r i t e r s S ee ,
.

Pau s an i as viii 2 5 4— 1 0 v iii 4 2 1 6 ; T z e t z e s S ch ol on

, . .
, . .
—
,
.

L y cop h r on 1 5 3 c omp ar e S ch o li as t o n H o me r I l xxiii 34 6

.
, , . . .

T h e s t o r y w as t ol d at t w o pl ac e s i n t h e h ig h l an d s o f A rc ad i a
o n e w as Th e lp u s a i n t h e b e au t i f u l v al e o f t h e L ad o n : t h e
ot h e r w as Ph i g al ia w h e r e t h e s h all o w c av e o f t h e g o dd e s s ,

mot h e r o f t h e h o r s e w as s h ow n far d o w n t h e fac e o f a c li ff i n

t h e wil d r oman t i c g o r g e o f t h e N e d a T h e c av e s t ill e xi s t s .
,

t h ou g h t h e g odd e s s i s g on e i t h as b e en c on v e r t e d i n t o a t i n y
ch ap e l of Chr i s t an d S t J oh n S e e my c ommen t ary o n . .

Pau s an i as v o l iv pp 4 0 6 s q A cc ord i n g t o Di o d or u s S i cu l u s
, . . . .

( iv 6 5 9 ) A d ras t u s r e t u rn e d t o A r g o s
. . B u t P au s an i as s ay s .

( i 4 3 1 ) t h at h e d i e d at M e gar a of ol d ag e an d g r i e f at h i s s on s
’
. .

d e at h w h e n h e was l e ad i n g b ac k h i s b e at e n ar my fr o m T h e b e s
,

3 7 2
 T H E L I B RA RY , III . VI . 8- v n . I

A d r as t u s al o ne w as s av ed b y his h orse Ari on Th at .

h o rs e P o seid on b e got o n De m e t er w hen in t h e l i k e ,

ness o f a F u ry sh e c on s or t e d w i t h him 1
.

V I I H av i n g s u ccee d e d t o t h e k i n g d om o f T h e bes
.
,

Cre on c as t o u t t h e Ar g i v e d e ad u n b u ri e d iss u e d a ,

p r o c l am at i o n t h at n o n e sh o u l d b u r
y t he m an d se t ,

w at ch m e n B u t A n t i g o n e o n e o f t h e d au g h t e rs o f
.
,

O e d i p u s s t ol e t h e b ody o f P ol y n ices an d s e cre t l y

, ,

b u rie d i t an d h av i n g b ee n d e t ec t e d b y Cre on h im
,

s e l f s h e w as i n t e rr e d al i v e i n t h e g r av e
,
2
A d ras t u s .

fl e d t o A t he n s 3
an d t oo k r e fu g e at t h e al t ar of

Pau s an i as i n fo r ms u s al s o t h at A d ras t u s w as w or s h ipp e d ,

d ou b t l e ss as a h e r o , b y t h e M e g ar i an s H ygi n u s ( Fab 24 2 )
. .

t e ll s a s t r an g e s t o r y t h at A d r as t u s an d h i s son H i pp on ou
t hr e w t h e mse lv e s i n t o t h e fi re i n ob e d i e n c e t o an o r ac l e o f
A p oll o .

A p oll od o r u s h e r e foll o w s t h e acc o u n t o f A n t ig on e s

2 ’

h e roi s m an d d oo m as t h e y are d e s cr ib ed b y S op h oc l es i n h i s
n o b l e t r ag e d y , t h e A n ti g on e Co mp ar e A e s c h yl u s , S ev en
.

ag ai n s t T h eb e s , 1 0 05 s qq A d i ffe r e n t v e r s i on o f t h e s t o ry i s
.

t o l d b y H ygi n u s ( Fab . A cc o r d i n g t o h i m, w h e n A n t ig on e
w as c au g h t i n t h e act of p e rfo r mi n g fu ne r al r i te s fo r h e r
b r ot h e r Po l y n i c e s , Cr e on h an d e d h e r o v e r for e x e c u t i on t o
h i s s on Hae mo n , t o w h o m s h e h ad b e e n b e t r ot h e d But
m
.

Hae o n , w h il e h e p r e t e n d e d t o p u t h e r t o de at h , s mu ggl e d
h e r ou t o f t h e w ay , marr i e d h e r , and h ad a s on b y h e r In .

t i me t h e s on g r e w u p an d c ame t o T h e b e s , w h e r e C r e on
d e t e c t e d h i m b y t h e b o dily mar k w h i ch all d e s c e n d an t s of
t h e Sp ar t i or Dr ag o n me n b or e on t h e i r b od i e s
-
I n v ai n .

He rc u l e s i nt e rc e d e d for Hae mo n wi t h h i s an g r y fat h e r .

C r eon w as i n e x o r ab l e ; s o Hae mo n kill e d h i ms e l f an d h i s

wi fe A n t igon e S ome h av e t h ou g h t t h at i n t h i s n arrat iv e
.

H ygi n u s foll ow e d E u r ipi d e s , w h o w r ot e a t r ag e d y A n ti g on e ,

o f w h i ch a fe w fr ag me n t s su r viv e S e e T r ag i cor u m Gr ae
.

cor u m Fr ag men ta , e d A N au c k , pp 4 0 4 s q q
Q
. . . .

3
A s t o t h e fl i g h t of A d r as t u s t o A t h e n s , an d t h e i n t er
v e n t i o n o f t h e A t h e n i an s o n h i s b e h al f s ee I s o cr at e s , P an e

gy r i c , 5 4 —
5 8 ,
P a n a th en 1 68
. 7 ; Pau s an i as , i 39 2 ;
— 1 4
. .

Pl u t arch , T h es eu s , 2 9 ; S t at i u s , T h eb xii 4 6 4 s q q ( wh o s u b
. . .

373
 A PO L LO D O RU S
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Le L0 Ls .

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e uBaA o fi a a H e y n e : BaAo z i
2
Jo a A , Z e nob i u s , Cent
’
30
’
'

. . .

a v y x ar e x aé en, Z e n ob i u s , Cen t i 3 0 , He rch e r

3
. . .

s t i t u t es Ar giv e mat r o n s
ppli an t s i n s t e ad of A d ras t u s )
as s u .

Th e s t o r y i s t r e at e d b y E u r ipi d e s i n h i s e x t an t pl ay T h e
S u p p lLan ts w h i ch on t h e w h ol e A p oll od or u s f oll o w s
'

, , Bu t , .

w h e re as A poll od or u s lik e S t at i u s l ay s t h e s c en e of t h e
, ,

s u ppli c at i on at t h e al t ar o f M e rc y i n A t h e n s E u r ipi d e s l ay s ,

i t at t h e al t ar of De me t e r i n E l e u s i s ( S u p p li an ts 1 In ,

fav ou r o f t h e l at t e r v e rs i o n i t may b e s ai d t h at t h e g r av es of
t h e f all e n l e ad e r s w e r e s h o w n at E l eu s i s n e ar t h e Fl o w e r y ,

W e ll ( Pau s an i as i 3 9 1 s q Pl u t arch T h es eu s,
. . . w h il e , ,

t h e g r av e s o f t h e c ommon s o l d i e r s w e r e at E l e u t h e r ae w h i ch ,

i s on t h e b o r d e r s o f A t t i c a an d B o eo t i a on t h e d i r e c t r oad ,

fr om E l e u si s t o T h e b es ( Eu r ipi d e s S u p p li an ts 7 5 6 s q , ,

P l u t arch T r ad i t i on v ar i e d al so on t h e q u e s t i on h ow
,

t h e A t h e n i an s ob t ai n e d t h e p e r mi ss i on o f t h e T h e b an s t o
b u r y t h e A r giv e d e ad S o me s ai d t h at T h e se u s l e d an army
.

t o T h e b e s d e f e at e d t h e T h e b an s an d c o mp e ll e d t h e m t o
, ,

giv e u p t h e d e ad A r giv e s for b u ri al T h i s w as t h e v e r s i on .

ad op t e d b y E u r ipi d e s S t at i u s an d A p o ll od or u s , O t h e r s s ai d
,
.

t h at T h e s eu s s e n t an e mb ass y an d b y n e g ot i at i on s o b t ai n e d
t h e v o l un t ar y c ons e n t of t h e T h e b an s t o h i s c arr yi n g o ff t h e
d e ad T h i s v e r s i on as t h e l e ss d i s cr e d i t ab l e t o t h e T h e b an s
.
, ,

w as v e ry nat u rall y ado p t e d b y t h e m ( Pau s an i as i 3 9 2 ) an d , . .

b y t h e p at r i o t i c B oeo t i an P l u t arch w h o e xp r e s s ly r e j e c t s ,

E u r ipi d e s s acc o u n t of t h e T h eb an d e fe at I s o crat e s wi t h

’
.
,

al mos t i n cr e d i b l e f at u i t y ad op t s b o t h v e r s i on s i n d i ffe r e n t
,

p as sag e s of h is w r i t i n g s an d d e fe nd s h i mse l f for so d oin g

( P an ath e n 1 68 . Ly s i as wi t h ou t e xp r e s s ly men t i on ,

i n g t h e fl i g h t o f A d r as t u s t o A t h e n s s ay s t h at t h e A t h e ni an s ,

3 74
 A PO LLO DO R U S
I A A
2 M e ra 8L} 37 77 Sam
'
mao O / L év wv 7 ra L8es o i 7 a
‘

,
I
e wi yo vm a r p a re fiew em ® 773 a s w o
’ ’ ’
x kn e vr e s fl f
p y
,
'

re fe rs f en c i n g m of t h e g rav e S o t h e t omb of S e me l e
t o th e .
,

wh o l kill e d b y lig h t n i n g s ee ms t o h av e s t ood wi t h in

w as a s o ,

a s acr e d e n c l o s u r e S e e E u r ipi d e s B acc h ae 6— 1 1 . Ye t , , .

,

i n c on s i s t e n t ly wi t h t h e for e g oi n g p ass ag e E u ripi d e s app e ar s ,

af t e r w ar d s t o assu me t h at t h e b o d y o f Cap an eu s w as b u r n t
o n a py r e ( 77 77 1 0 0 0 Th e r u l e t h at a p e r so n kill e d b y a
.

t h u n de r b o l t s h ou l d b e b u r i e d n ot b u r n t i s s t at e d b y Pli n y , ,

( N at H i s t ii 1 4 5 ) an d all u d e d t o b y T e r t u lli an ( A p o lo
. . .

g eti cu s ,A n an c i e n t R oman l aw at t ri b u t e d t o N u ma , ,

fo rb ad e t h e c e l eb rat io n of t h e u s u al ob s eq u i e s for a man w h o

h ad b e e n kill e d b y lig h t n i n g S e e Fe s t u s s v Oc c is u m “ ”
.
.
, .
,

p 1 7 8 e d C O M ii ll e r I t i s t r u e t h at t h e s e p ass ag e s r e f e r
.
,
. . . .

t o t h e Ro man u s ag e b u t t h e w o r d s o f E u r ipid e s ( S u p p li an ts, ,

9 3 4 93 8 ) s e e m t o i mply t h at t h e G r e e k p r ac t i c e w as s i mil ar
—
,

an d t h i s i s c on fir me d b y A r t e mi d o r u s w h o s ay s t h at t h e ,

b od i e s o f p e r s on s kill e d b y lig h t n i ng w e r e n o t r e mo v e d b u t
b u r i e d on t h e s p ot ( On i r o cr i t ii T h e s ame w r i t e r t e ll s . .

u s t h at a man s t r u c k b y lig h t n i n g w as n o t d e e me d t o b e d i s
g r ac e d n ay h e was h on ou r e d as a g od ; e v e n s lave s kill ed b y
, ,

lig h t n i n g w e r e app roach e d wi t h r e s p e c t as h on ou re d b y Z e u s , ,

an d t h e i r d e ad b o d i e s w e r e w rap t i n fi n e g ar me n t s S u ch .

c u s t oms are t o some e x t e n t e xpl ai n e d b y t h e b e li e f t h at Z eu s

h i ms e l f d e s c e nd ed i n t h e flas h of lig h t n i n g h e n c e W h at e v e r
t h e lig h t n i n g s t r u c k was n at u r ally r eg ar d e d as h oly Pl ac e s .

s t r u c k b y lig h t n i n g w e r e s acr e d t o Z eu s t h e Des c e n d e r ( Z b : e

n ) an d w e r e e n c l os e d b y a f e n c e I n s cr ip t i on s
i
a a B T L o r s
'
K .

mar k i n g s u ch s p o t s h av e b ee n f ou n d i n v ar i o u s p ar t s o f
G re e c e S e e Po ll u x ix 4 1 ; Pau s an i as v 1 4 1 0 wi t h my
.
, .
, . .
,

n o t e ( v ol iii p 5 6 5 v ol v p
. . Comp ar e E R o h d e
.
, . . . .
,

P sy c h e i 3 2 0 s q
3
, H Us en e r
. K e rau n os
”
K l ei n e S eh r ij
. .
, ,

te n iv 4 7 7 s q q ( w h o q u ot e s fr om Cl e me n s R o man u s an d
, . .

Cy r ill u s mo r e e vi d e n ce o f t h e w o r s h ip o f p e r s on s kill e d b y
li gh t ni ng ) ; Ch r B li n k e n b e r g T h e T h u n derweap on i n R eli
.
,

gi on an d F ol kl or e ( Camb r i d g e pp 1 1 0 s q , . .

A mon g t h e Os se te s o f t h e Cau c as u s a man w h o h as b e e n

kill e d b y lig h t n i n g i s d e e med v e ry l u c ky foi t h ey b e li e v e ,

t h at h e h as b e e n t ak e n b y S t E li as t o h i ms e l f S o t h e S 11 1 . .

v i o r s r ai s e cr i e s of o
v a n d i n g a n d d an c e a b ou t h i m H i s
J y s .

37 6
 T HE L I B RA RY , III . V II . 2

T e n y e ars aft er w ar d s t h e s o n s o f t h e fall en, c all e d

t h e Ep i g on i , p u rp o se d t o m arch ag ai n s t T hebes t o

r e l at ion s t h in k i t t h e i r d u t y t o j oi n i n t h e s e dan c e s and

r e j oi c in g s for any app e ar an c e of so rr o w w ou ld b e r e gard ed
,

as a s i n ag ai n s t S t E li as an d t h e r e fo r e p u n i s h ab l e
. Th e .

f e s t ival las t s e ig h t d ay s Th e d e c eas e d i s d r e s s ed in n e w

.

c l ot h e s and l ai d on a p i ll o w i n t h e e x ac t at t i t u de i n w h i ch h e
w as s t r u c k an d i n t h e s ame pl ac e w h e r e h e d i e d At th e .

e n d o f t h e c e l e b r at i o n s h e i s b u r i e d wi t h mu ch fe s t ivi t y an d

fe as t in g a h ig h c ai r n i s e r e c t e d on h is g rav e an d b es i d e i t
, ,

t h e y se t u p a t all p ol e wi t h t h e s ki n o f a b l ac k h e g oat -

at t ach e d t o i t an d an o t h e r p ol e
,
o n w h i ch h an g t h e b e s t
,

c l o t h e s of t h e d e c ease d T h e g rav e b e c o me s a pl ac e of pil

.

g ri mage S e e J u li u s v on K lap r ot h R ei s e i n d en K au kas u s

.
,

u n d n ac h Ge org i en ( Hall e an d B e r li n ii 6 06 A v on ,
. .

Hax t h au s e n T r an s kau kas i a ( Leip si c

,
ii 2 1 s q , . .

Si mil ar ly t h e K afi rs of S ou t h A fr i c a h av e s t ran g e n o t i on s “

re s p e c tin g t h e lig h t n i n g T h e y c on s i d e r t h at i t i s g o v e r ned

.

b y t h e u ms h o l ogu o r g h os t of t h e g r e at e s t an d mo s t r e
, ,

n o w n e d o f t h e i r d e p ar t e d ch i e f s an d w h o i s e mp h at i c ally
,

s t yl e d t h e i n kos i ; b u t t h e y ar e n o t at al l c l e ar as t o w h i ch
o f t h e i r an c e s t o r s i s i n t e n d e d b
y t h i s d e s ig n at i on H e n c e .

t h e y all o w o f n o l ame n t at i on b e i n g mad e fo r a p e r son kill e d

b y lig h t n i n g as t h e y s ay t h at i t w ou l d b e a s ig n of d i s l oy al t y
,

t o l ame n t for o ne w h om t h e i n kos i h ad s e n t for an d w h os e ,

s e r vi c e s h e c on s e q u e n t ly n e e d e d an d i t w ou l d c au se h i m t o
p u ni s h t h e m b y maki n g t h e l i g h t n i n g agai n t o d e s c e nd an d
,

d o t h e m an ot h e r i n j u r y Fu r t h e r r i t e s of p u ri fic at i on h av e
.
,

t o b e p e rf o r me d b y a p r i es t at t h e k r aal w h e r e t h e acc i d e n t
t oo k plac e an d t ill t h e se h av e b e e n p e rf o r me d n on e o f t h e ,

i n h ab i t an t s may l eav e t h e k r aal or h av e i n t e rc ou rse wi t h

o t h e r p e o pl e M e ant i me t h ei r h ead s ar e s h av e d an d t h e y
.

mu s t ab s t ai n fr o m d r i nki n g milk T h e r i t e s i n c l u d e a s acr i

.

fi c e and t h e i n o c u l at i o n of t h e p e opl e wi t h p o w d e r e d ch ar
c oal S e e M r W arn e r s N ot e s i n Col M ac l e an s C om
.
“
.
’
,
”
.
’

p en di u m of K afi r L aws an d C u s toms ( Cap e T o w n ,

pp 8 2 8 4 S ome t i mes h o w e v e r t h e g h os t s o f p e rs on s w h o
.
—
.
, ,

h av e b e e n kill e d b y lig h t n i n g are d e e me d t o b e d an g e ro u s .

He n c e t h e Omah as u s e d t o s li t t h e s ol e s o f t h e f e e t o f s u ch
c orps e s t o p re v e n t t h e i r g h os t s fr om w alki n g ab ou t S e e .

J Ow e n Do rse y
. A S tu dy o f Si ou an C u l t s
,
”
E l ev en th ,

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A n n u al R ep or t of th e B u reau of E th n ol ogy ( W ash i n g t on ,

p 4 2 0 For mo re e vi d e n c e of s p e c i al t re at me n t
. .

acc o r d e d t o t h e b od i e s o f p e r s on s s t r u c k d e ad b y lig h t n i n g ,
s e e A B E lli s , T h e E we sp ea ki n g P e op l es of th e S l av e C oas t
. .
-

( L o n d on , p 3 9 s q ; i d T h e Y oru b a sp eaki n g P eop les

. . .
-

of th e S l ave C oas t ( Lon d on , p 4 9 ; R ev H We ek s , . . J . .

N ot e s on s ome c u s t o ms of t h e Lo we r Con g o p eopl e , Fo l k

“ ”

L or e , xx . p 4 7 5 ; R en de l Harri s , B oan er ges

.

b ridge , p 9 7 ; A L K i t ch i n g , On th e b ackwaters of th e
. . .

N i l e ( L on d o n , pp 2 6 4 s q A mon EgD t h e B ar u n d i of Ce nt r al
. .

A fr i c a, a man or w oman w h o h as b ee n s t r u c k , b u t n o t kill e d ,

b y lig h t n i n g b e c ome s t h e r eb y a p r i e s t or p r i es t e ss o f t h e g od
K i r an g a, w h os e n ame h e or s h e h e n c e f or t h b e ar s an d o f w h om
h e o r s h e 1 3 d e e me d a b od ily r e p r e sen t at iv e A n d an y pl ac e .

t h at h as b e e n s t r u c k b y lig h t n i ng I S e n c l ose d , an d t h e t ru n k o f
a b an an a t r e e o r a y o u n g fi g t r e e i s s e t u p i n i t t o se r v e as t h e
t e mp o rar y ab od e o f t h e d e i t y w h o man i fe s t e d h i ms e l f i n t h e
lig h t n i n g S ee H M ey e r , D i e B aru n d i ( Le i p s i c ,
. .

pp 1 23 , 1 3 5
. .

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1
Th e b at t l e w as fou g h t at a pl ac e c all e d G l i s as , w h e r e t h e
g rav e s of t h e A r giv e l or d s w e re s h o w n d ow n t o t h e t i me o f
Pau s an i as S e e Pau s an i as i x 5 1 3 , i x 8 6 , ix 9 4 , ix
. . . . . . . . .

S ch oli as t on Pi n dar , P y th viii 4 8 w h o r e f e r s t o H e ll a

. .

n i c u s as h i s au t h o r i t y .

2
A cc or d i n g t o a d i ffe r e n t acc o u n t , K i n g Lao d amas d i d
n o t f al l i n t h e b at t l e , b u t af t e r h i s d e f e at l e d a p o r t i o n o f

t h e T h e b an s aw ay t o t h e I ll y r i an t r i b e o f t h e E n c h e l e an s ,

t h e s ame p e o pl e amon g w h o m h i s an c e s t o r s Cad mu s an d

Har moni a h ad fou n d t h e i r l as t h o me S e e He ro d o t u s , v 6 1 ; . .

3 8 0
 ’

T H E L I BRAR Y , 1 1 1 . vu .
—
3 5

b y Lao d am as , s on of Et e o c l es , t h e y fou g h t brav e ly ,

1

an d t h ou g h L ao d amas k i ll e d A e g i al e u s h e w as him ,

se l f k i ll e d b y A l cm ae on an d aft er h i s d e at h t h e
2
,

T heb ans fl e d in a b o dy w i t hi n t h e w all s B u t as .

T ire s i as t ol d t hem t o se n d a h er al d t o t r e at w i t h
t h e Ar g i v es an d t hem s e l v es t o t ak e t o fli g h t t he y
, ,

d id se n d a her al d t o t h e enem y an d m o u n t i n g t h eir , ,

chi l d ren an d w o men on t h e w ag on s t h e mse l v es fl e d ,

fr o m t h e ci t y When t hey h ad c o me b y ni gh t t o
.

t h e s p ri n g c all ed Ti l p h u ssa T iresi as d ran k of i t an d ,

e p ire d
x .
3 A ft er t r av e ll i n g far t h e T heban s b u i l t t h e
ci t y of H e st iae a an d t oo k u p t h e ir ab od e t h ere Bu t .

t h e Ar g i v es o n l e ar n i n g aft er w ar d s t h e fli g h t o f t h e
,

T heban s e n t er e d t h e ci t y an d c oll ec t e d t h e b oo t y
, ,

an d u ll e d d o w n t h e w all s B ut t h e sen t a o r t i on
p y p .

o f t h e b o ot t o A oll o at De l p h i an d w i t h i t Man t o
y p ,

dau g h t er o f T iresi as ; for t h ey h ad v o w e d t h at i f ,

t he y t ook T hebes t he y w ou l d d e d ic at e t o him t h e

,

f ires t
a o f h
t e sp o i l s 4
.

A ft er t h e c ap t u re of T hebe s w h e n A l c mae on ,

l e arn e d t h at his m ot her E ri p hy l e h ad b ee n b ri b e d

Pau s an i as , ix 5 1 3 , ix 8 6
. . A s t o Cad mu s an d Har mon i a
. . .

i n I lly r i a, s e e ab o v e , iii 5 4 . . .

3
S ee Pau san i as , ix 3 3 1 , w h o s ay s t h at t h e g r av e o f
. .

T i r e s i as w as at t h e s p r i n g B u t t h e r e w as al s o a c e n o t ap h of
.

t h e s e e r o n t h e r oad fr o m T h e b e s t o C h al c i s ( Pau s ani as , ix .

Dio d or u s S i cu l u s ( iv 6 7 1 ) ag r e e s wi t h P au s an i as
. .

an d A p o ll o d o r u s i n pl ac i n g t h e d e at h o f T i r e s i as at M ou n t
T i l p h u s i u m, w h i ch w as b e s i d e t h e s p r i n g Ti l p h u s s a, i n t h e
t e rr i t o r y o f Hal i ar t u s .

4
Co mp ar e Di od or u s S i cu l u s , iv 6 6 6 ( w h o g i v e s t h e n ame . .

of T i r e s i as s d au g h t e r as Dap h n e , n o t M an t o ) ; Pau s an i as ,
’

v i i 3 3 , ix 3 3 2 ; S ch oli as t on A p o ll o n i u s R h odi u s , A r g on
. . . . .

i 30 8
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1
T h at i s , as w e ll as t o t h e u n d oi n g of h i s fat h e r A m
h i ar au s S e e ab o v e , iii 6 2
p . . . .

2
Co mp ar e T h u c y d i d e s , ii 1 02 7 s q q ; Di od o r u s S i cu l u s , . . .

iv 6 5 7 ; Pau s an i as , viii 2 4 7 s q q ; Ovi d , M etamo rp h ix

. . . . . . .

4 0 7 s qq ; H yg in u s , F a b 7 3
. S op h oc l e s an d Eu r ipi d e s b o t h. .

w r o t e t rag e d i e s c all e d A lc maeon , or r at h e r A lcmeon , for t h at

app e ar s t o b e t h e mo r e c o rr e c t s p e lli n g o f t h e n ame Se e .

T r agi c or u m Gr aecoru m F r ag me n ta , e d A N au ck , pp 1 5 3 2 ‘

. . .

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1
Co mp ar e Th u c y d i d e s , 1 1 1 02 7 s qq Pau s an i as , viii 2 4
. . . . .

8 sq . A s t o t h e fo r mat i on o f n e w l an d b y t h e d e p os i t o f
all u vi al s oil at t h e mou t h o f t h e A ch e l o u s c o mp ar e He r o ,

d ot u s , ii 1 0 . .

2
A cc o r d i n g t o E p h o r u s , o r h i s so n De mop h il u s , t h i s o r ac l e
w as r e ally giv e n t o A l c mae on at De lp h i S e e A t h e n ae u s , .

3 84
 T H E LI B RA RY , I I I W . .
—
5 6

recei v ed Call irrh o e his dau g h t er t o w i fe More ov er

, ,
.

he c ol o ni z e d t h e l an d w hich t h e Ache l ou s h ad fo rme d

1 Bu t
b y i t s si l t an d he t o ok u p h i s ab o d e t here
,
.

aft er w ar d s Cal l irrh o e c o v e t e d t h e nec kl ace an d r o be ,

an d s ai d she w o u l d n o t l i v e w i t h h i m i f sh e d i d n o t

g e t t he m S o aw a.
y A l cm ae o n hie d t o Psop h i s an d

t ol d Phe g e u s h o w i t h ad b e e n p re d ic t e d t h at h e
sh ou l d be rid of his m ad n e s s w he n he h ad bro u g h t
t h e nec kl ace an d t h e r o be t o De l p hi an d d e d ic at e d
t hem .
2
Phe g e u s be l ie v e d him an d gav e t hem t o h i m .

Bu t a ser van t h av i n g l e t o u t t h at he Was t ak i n g t h e

t hin g s t o Call irrh o e Phe g e u s c o m man d e d his s o ns, ,

an d t he l a i n w ai t an d k i ll e d him 3 Whe n Arsin o e

y y .

u brai d e d t hem
p t h e s o ns o f Ph,e g e u s c l a
pp e d h er

i n t o a ches t an d c arrie d h er t o T e g e a an d g av e her

as a s l av e t o A g ap e n o r fal se l y acc u sin g her o f ,
’
Al cm ae o n s m u r d er B ein g app ri z e d o f Al cm ae on s u n
.
’

t ime l y end an d c o u r t e d b y Ze u s Call irrh oe re q u e s t e d ,

t h at t h e s ons she h ad b y A l cm ae o n mi g h t be fu ll g r o w n -

in o rder t o av e n g e t heir fat her s m u r d e r And b ei n g ’

.

s u dd en l y fu ll g r o w n t h e s o n s w en t fo r t h t o ri g h t
-
,

t heir fat her s w r o n g

’
4
N o w Pr o n o u s an d A g e n o r t h e
.
,

s ons o f Phe g e u s c arry in g t h e n ec kl ace an d r ob e

5
,

t o De l p h i t o d edic at e t hem t u r n e d in at t h e h o u se ,

o f A a e n or at t h e s am e t i m e as Am h o t er u s an d
g p p
vi 22 p 2 32 D— F w h e r e t h e w ord s of t h e o rac l e ar e
.
, .
,
“

q u ot e d .

3
Hi s g r av e was o v e r s h ad o w e d b y t all c yp re s se s , c all ed t h e
M ai d e n s , i n t h e b l eak u pl an d v all e y of Psop h i s S e e Pau .

s an i as , viii 2 4 7 A q u i e t r e s t i n g pl ac e for t h e mat r i c i d e

. . .
-

amon g t h e sol e n m A rc ad i an mou n t ai n s af t e r t h e l o n g f e v e r o f

t h e b r ai n an d t h e l on g w e ar y w an d e r i n g s Th e v all e y , w h i ch .

I h av e vi s i t ed , s o me w h at r e s e mb l e s a Y ork s h i r e dal e , b u t i s
far wil d e r and mo r e soli t ar y .

4
Co mp ar e O v i d , M etamorp h ix 4 1 3 s q q . . .

5
Pau s an i as ( viii 2 4 1 0 ) c all s t h e m T e me n u s an d A xi on
. . .

8
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A cc o rd i n g t o Pau s an i as ( viii 2 4 1 0 , ix 4 1
1
i t w as t h e . . . .

s o n s o f P h e g e u s , n o t t h e s o n s o f A l c mae on , w h o d e d i c at e d

t h e n e c kl ac e at De lp h i Th e n e c k l ac e , or w h at p as s e d fo r i t ,
.

w as p r e s e rv ed at De lp h i i n t h e s an c t u ar y o f Fo re t h ou g h t
A t h e n a as l at e as t h e S acr e d War i n t h e f ou r t h c e n t u r y
w h e n i t w as c arri e d o ff, wi t h mu ch mo re o f t h e sacr e d
t r e as u r e s , b y t h e u n s cr u p u l ou s Ph o c i an l ea d e r , Ph ay l l u s .

S e e Par t h e n i u s , N arr a t 2 5 ( w h o q u ot e s P h y l arch u s as h i s.

au t h or i t Y) ; A t h e n ae u s , v i 2 2 , p 2 3 2 D E ( w h o q u ot e s . .

386
 A PO L LO DO R U S

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A e g i u s , He y n e , W e s t e r man n , M ii ll e r , B e kk e r , He rch e r .

2
M 6 Aa w éa W ag n e r ( c omp ar i n g Pau s an i as , viii 3 3 , viii . . .

6 p dAA a O R : p a lAaV VoV B 71 11 a v C Ma ivaA ou

2
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A e g i u s , He y n e , W e s t e rman n M ii l l e r , B e kk er , H e rch e r , .

B u t M a fvaA os i s me n t i on ed a fe w li n e s b e l o w .

2 ”
0 71 0 17 He y n e c on j e c t u r e d O iv w7 p L5V ( c ompare Pau san i as ,
.

viii 3 . .

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’
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. . .

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'
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. .

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6
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’
.

p h r o n ,
4 8 1 .

3 8 8
 T H E L I B RARY , II I . vn .
7
— v1 1 1 . I

A mp h i l o c h i an Ar g os in o bedience to o a r c l es of

1
A p oll o .

V I I I Le t u s n ow re t u rn t o Pe las gu s w h o A c u si
.
, ,

l au s say s w as a s on o f Ze u s an d N i o b e as w e h av e
, ,

su
pp os e d
2
b ut ,
H e s i od d e c l ar e s him t o h av e been
a s o n o f t h e so i l H e h ad a s on Ly c ao n b y Me l ib o e a
.
3
,

d au g h t er o f O c e an o r as o t h ers s ay b y a n y mp h , ,

Cy ll e n e ; an d Ly c ao n r e i g nin g o v er t h e Arc adi an s

, ,

be gat b y many w i v es fi ft y s ons t o w it : M e lae n e u s , ,

T h e s p rot u s H e l i x ,
Ny c t im u s Pe u c e t i u s
,
Cau c o n , , ,

Meci s t e u s H O pl e u s Mac ar e u s M ac e dn u s H o r u s
, , , , ,

Pol i c h u s, A c on t e s , Ev ae mon , A n c y o r, A r c h e b at e s ,
Cart e r o n , A e gae o n Pall as , ,
E n m on , Can e t h u s , Pr o
t h o u s , L in u s , Core t h o , Mae n al u s T e l e b oas, Ph y s i u s
, ,

Ph as s u s , Ph t hi as H al ip h e r u s, G e n e t or,
,
Ly c i u s,
B u c ol i on , S ocl e u s, Phi n e u s, E u me t e s, H arpal e u s ,
P o r t he u s, P l at o, Hae mo , Cy n ae t h u s, L e o, H arp al y cu s,
H e rae e u s, T i tan as , Man t i n e a s , Cl it o r, S t y mp h al u s ,
O r c h o me n u s , T h c se e x cee d e d all men i n p ri d e

1
A mp h il och i an A r g os w as a c i t y of A e t oli a, s i t u at e d on
t h e A mb raci an G u l f S ee T h u c y d i d e s , ii 6 8 3 , w h o r e p r e
. . .

s e n t s t h e f ou nd e r A mp h il o ch u s as t h e s o n o f A mp h i ar au s ,

an d t h e r e f o r e as t h e b r o t h e r , n o t t h e s o n , o f A l c maeo n As .

t o A mp h il o ch u s , s o n o f A mp h i arau s , se e ab o v e , iii 7 2 . . .

2
S e e ab o v e , ii 1 l . . .

3
T h e fo ll o wi n g p as s ag e ab o u t Ly c aon and h i s s on s , d o w n
t o an d i n c l u d i n g t h e n o t i c e o f Deu cal i on s fl oo d , i s c opi e d , t o
’

a g r e at e x t e n t v e rb all y , b y T z e t z e s ( S c h ol on Ly cop h ron , .

w h o me n t i o n s A p o ll od or u s b y n ame as h i s au t h o r i t y .

Fo r an o t h e r an d d i ffe r e n t l i s t of Ly c aon s son s , s e e Pau s an i as ,

’

vi i i 3 I s qq , w h o call s N y c t i mu s t h e e l d e s t so n of Ly c aon ,
. . .

w h e r e as A p oll od or u s c all s h im t h e y o u n g e s t ( s e e b e l ow ) Th at .

t h e wi fe o f Pe l as g u s an d mot h e r o f Ly c ao n w as Cyll e n e i s
affir me d b y t h e S c h o li as t on E u r ipi d e s , O res tes , 1 6 4 5 .

8
3 9
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p ¢
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6 1/ , T z e t z e s , S ch ol . on L y cop h r on ,
48 1 , W ag ne r .

u v a ax ee l s i ns e r t e d b y A e g i u s ( c omp ar e T z e t z e s , S ch ol .

on L y cop h r on ,

1
Wi t h t h is an d w h at fol l o ws c ompare N i c ol au s Damas
cenu s , frag . 4 3 ( Fm gmen ta H i s tori c oru m Gr aecoru m e d , .

0 M u ll e r , iii
. . 3 7 8 ; S u i d as ,
A vxd ): Ly caon , son o f “

Pe l as g u s an d ki n g of Arc ad i a, mai n t ai n e d h i s fat h e r s i n s t i

’

t u t i on s i n r ig h t e ou s n e ss A n d wi s h i n g lik e h is f at h e r t o
.

w ean h i s s u b j e c t s from u n r ig h t e ou s ne ss h e sai d t h at Z e u s

c on s t an t l y vi s i t ed h im i n t h e lik e n es s o f a s t ran g e r t o vi e w
t h e r ig h t e o u s an d t h e u n r ig h t e ou s A n d o n c e , as h e h i ms e l f
.

s ai d , b e i n g ab ou t t o r e c e iv e t h e g od , h e offe r ed a s acr i fic e .

B u t of h i s fif t y son s , w h o m h e h ad , as t h e y s ay , b y many
w ome n , t h e re w e re s ome p re s en t at t h e sacri fic e , an d W i s h i n g
t o k n o w i f t h e y w e r e ab ou t t o giv e h os pi t ali t y t o a r e al g od ,
t h e y s acr i fic e d a ch il d an d mix ed h i s fl e s h wi t h t h at of t h e
vi c t i m, i n th e b e li e f t h at t h e i r d ee d w o u l d b e d i s c o v e re d i f
t h e vi s i t o r w as a g od i nd e e d B u t t h e y s ay t h at t h e d e i t y
.

c au s e d g r e at s t o r ms t o b u r s t an d lig h t n i n g s t o fl as h , an d
”
t h at all t h e mu r d e r e r s o f t h e ch il d p e r i s h e d A s i mil ar .

v e r s i on of t h e s t o ry i s r e p or t e d b y Hy gi n u s ( Fab wh o .

add s t h at Z e u s i n h i s w r at h u p s e t t h e t ab l e , kill e d t h e s o n s
o f L y c ao n wi t h a t h u n d e r b ol t , an d t u r n e d Ly c ao n h i ms e l f

i nt o a w ol f A cc o rdi n g t o t h i s v e r s i on o f t h e l e g e n d w h i ch
.
,

A p o ll o d o r u s app ar e n t l y acc e p t ed , Ly c aon w as a r ig h t e ou s

ki n g , w h o r u l e d wi se l y lik e h i s fat h e r Pe l as g u s b e fo re h i m
( s e e Pau s an ias , viii 1 4 b u t h i s vi r t u ou s e ffo r t s t o b e n e fi t
. .

h i s s u b j e c t s w e r e f ru s t r at e d b y t h e wi c k e d n e s s an d i m i e t y
o f h i s s on s , w h o b
y e x c i t i n g t h e d ivi n e an g e r d r e w L o w u p
d e s t r u c t i on o n t h e ms e lv es an d on t h e ir vi r t u o u s pa r e n t , an d

39 °
 A PO L L O DO R U S

L
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sa , r v ov ,

mix e d wi t h t h at of an i mal v i c t i ms w as p ar t ak e n of at a ,

s or t o f c ann i b al b an q u e t b
y t h e w o r s h ipp e r s o f w h o m he ,

w h o ch an ce d t o t as t e o f t h e h u man fl es h w as b e l i e v e d t o
b e ch an g e d i n t o a w olf and t o c o nt i n u e i n t h at s h ap e fo r
e ig h t y e ar s b u t t o r e c ov e r h i s h u man for m i n t h e n i n t h
,

y e ar i f i n t h e me ant i me h e h ad ab st ai n e d from e at i ng
,

h u man fl e s h S ee Pl at o R ep u b li c viii 1 6 p 5 6 5 D E ; Pau

.
, , .
, .

s au i as viii 2 6 A cc o rd i n g t o an ot h e r acc ou n t r e po r t ed
, . . .
,

b y V ar ro on t h e au t h o r i t y o f a G r e e k w r i t e r E u an t h e s t h e ,

w e r e w ol f w as ch ose n b y l ot h u n g h i s c l ot h e s on an oak ,

t r e e s w am acr oss a p ool an d w as t h e n t r an s fo rmed i nt o a

, ,

w ol f and h e rd e d wi t h w olv e s for n i n e y e ars aft e r w ard s ,

r e c o v e ri ng h is h u man s h ap e i f in t h e i n t e r v al h e h ad n ot
t as t e d t h e fl e s h o f man I n t h i s acc o u n t t h e r e i s n o me n t i on
.

o f c ann i b ali s m S e e Pli n y N at H i s t viii 8 1 ; A u g u st i n e

.
, . . .
.

D e c i vi ta te D ei xviii 1 7 A c e r t ai n A rc ad i an b o x e r n ame d
, . .
,

Damarch u s s on o f Di nn y t as w h o w o n a vi c t o ry at Ol y mpi a
, , ,

i s s ai d t o h av e b e e n t h u s t r an s f o r me d i n t o a w ol f at t h e
s acr i fic e o f Ly c ae an Z e u s and t o h av e b e e n ch an g e d b ac k i n t o
a man i n t h e t e n t h y e ar af t e r w ar d s Of t h e h i s t o ri c al r eali t y .

o f t h e b o x e r t h e r e c an b e n o r e aso n ab l e d ou b t for h i s s t at u e ,

e xi s t e d i n t h e s acr e d p r e c i n c t at Ol y mpi a w h e r e i t w as s ee n ,

b y Pau s an i as b u t i n t h e i ns cr ip t i on on i t w h i ch Pau s an i as ,

c opi e d t h e r e w as n o men t i on mad e o f t h e man s t rans for

,
’

mat i on i n t o a w ol f S e e Pau san i as vi 8 2

. Ho w e v e r t h e , . . .
,

t r an s f o r mat i on w as r e c ord ed b y a G r e e k w r i t e r S c opas , ,

i n h i s h i s t o ry of Oly mpi c vi c t o r s w h o c all e d t h e b o x e r ,

De mae n at u s an d s ai d t h at h i s ch an g e o f s h ape w as c au s ed
,

b y h i s p ar t aki n g of t h e i n w ar d p ar t s o f a b o y s l ai n i n
t h e A rc ad i an s acr i fic e t o Ly cae an Z e u s S c o pas al so s pok e .

of t h e r e s t o rat i on o f t h e b o x e r t o t h e h u man fo 1 m i n t h e
.

t e n t h y e ar an d men t i on e d t h at h i s vi c t o ry i n b o xi n g at
,

Ol y mp i a w as s u b s e q u e n t t o h is e xp e r i e n c e s as a w ol f S ee .

Pli n y N at Hi s t viii 8 2
, . A u gu s t i n e
. D e ci vi tate D ei
.
, , ,

xviii 1 7 Th e c on t in u an c e o f h u man s acr i fic e l n t h e r i t e s of

. .

Ly cae an Z e u s on M ou n t Ly c ae u s i s h i n t ed at b y Pau san i as

2
39
 T H E L I BRA R Y , III . V I II . 1

1 an d
t abl e w hich is s t i ll c all ed T rap e s
at t h e p l ace zu ,

bl ast ed Ly c ao n an d his s ons b y t h u nderb ol t s al l b u t ,

N y c t imu s t h e y ou n g e s t ; fo r Ear t h w as qu ic k en ou g h
,

( viii 38 7 ) i n t h e s e c on d c en t u ry o f ou r er a an d asse r t e d b y
. .
,

Porp h y r y ( D e ab s ti n en ti a ii 2 7 : E u s e b i u s , P raep am ti o , .

E v ang eli i iv 1 6 6 ) i n t h e t h i r d c e n t u ry
, . . .

Fr o m t h es e frag me n tary n ot i c e s i t i s h ar dly p oss i b l e to

pie c e t og e t h e r a c on ne c t e d acc o u n t o f t h e r i t e b u t t h e men
t i on o f t h e t r an s fo r ma ti on o f t h e c an ni b al i n t o a w olf for
e ig h t or n i n e y e ar s s u gg e s t s t h at t h e aw fu l sacr i fic e w as
o ffe r e d at i n t e r v al s e i t h e r o f e ig h t o r of n i n e y e ar s If t h e .

i n t e rv al w as e ig h t y e ar s i t w ou l d p oi nt t o t h e u se of t h at
,

e ig h t y e ar s c y c l e w h i ch p lay e d s o i mp ort ant a p ar t i n t h e

’

an c i e n t c al e nd ar o f t h e G r ee k s an d b y w h i ch t h e r e i s r e as o n ,

t o t h i nk t h at t h e t e n u r e o f t h e ki n g s h ip w as i n s ome pl ac e s
re g u lat e d Pe rh ap s t h e man wh o w as s u ppos e d t o b e t u r ned
.

i n t o a w o l f ac t ed as t h e p ri es t or e v e n as t h e i n c arn at i on of , ,

t h e W ol f G od fo r e ig h t o r n i ne y e ar s t ill h e w as r e li e v e d of
h i s o ffi c e at t h e n e x t c e l e b rat i on o f t h e r i t e s T h e su b j e c t .

h as b e en l e ar ne d ly d i s c u s se d b y M r A B Coo k ( Z eu s i . . . , .

63 He r eg ard s Ly c ae an Z e u s as a g od o f lig h t r at h e r
t h an of w o lv es and for t h i s vi e w t h e r e i s mu ch t o b e s ai d
,
.

S e e my n ot e on Pau s an i as v iii 3 8 7 ( v ol iv pp 38 5 , . . . . .

Th e vi e w w o u l d b e c o n fir me d i f w e w e r e s u r e t h at t h e
so l e mn s acr i fic e w as o c t e n n i al for t h e o c t e nn i al p e r i o d w as
,

i nt ro d u c e d i n o rd e r t o r e c on c il e s ol ar an d l u n ar t i me an d ,

h e n c e t h e r e ligi o u s r i t e s c on n e c t e d wi t h i t w ou l d n at u r ally
h av e r e fe r e n c e t o t h e g re at c e l e s t i al l u mi n ari e s A s t o t h e .

o c t e nn i al p e r i od s e e t h e n o t e on ii 5 1 1
, B u t wi t h t h i s vi e w . . .

o f t h e f e s t iv al i t i s d i ffic u l t t o r e c o n c il e t h e p ar t pl a e d b
y y
w olve s i n th e my t h and r i t u al We can h ar d ly s u ppose .
,

wi t h some l at e G re e k w r i t e r s t h at t h e an c i e n t G r ee k w or d ,

for a y e ar A w as d e r iv e d fr o m A a w ol f
i 5 ’
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d o r u s O n i r ocri t 1 1 1 2 ; E u s t at h i u s on Ho me r 0 d xiv 1 6 1
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, . .
, , . .
,

p 1 756
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A u g e w as se d u ce d b y H erc u l es an d h i d her b abe

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1
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fir s t t wo o f t h e s e fo u r s o n s .

2
For t h e s t o ry o f A t al an t a, an d h o w h e r s u i t o r w on h e r b y
t h e b ai t o f t h e g o l d e n appl e s , s ee T h e o cr i t u s , iii 4 0 4 2 ; .
-

Hy gi n u s F ab 1 8 5 Ovi d , Bl e tamorp h K 5 6 0—6 80 ; S e r vi u s

, . . .

o n Vi r gil , A en iii 1 1 3 S cr i p tor es 7 6 m m my th i caru m L ati n i

. .
,

ed G H B od e , v o l i pp 1 4 , 9 1 ( Fi r s t Vat i c an M y t h o
. . . . . .

g rap h e r , 39 ; S e c on d Vat i c an My t h ograp h e r , A s A p ol

l od or u s p oi n t s o u t , t h e r e w as a d i ffe r e n c e of o pi n i on as t o
t h e name o f A t al an t a s f at h e r A cc o r d i n g t o Calli mach u s
’
.

( H y mn to A r temi s 2 1 5 ) an d t h e Fi r s t and S e c ond V at i c an

,

M y t h og r ap h e r s ( S cri p tor es r eru m my th i car u m L a ti ni e d , .

G H B od e , v ol i p 54, h e w as I as i n s acc o rd i n to
. .

p .

g
A e l ian ( V ain H i s t x i ii l ) , h e w as I as i on
. .

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1 0 ) s e e ms t o ag r e e wi t h A p o ll od o r u s t h at h e r fat h e r w as
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, .

w e r e re t ai n ed , t h e meani n g w ou l d b e t h at i n t h e rac e A tal ant a

was gi ven a s tar t and h e r s u i t or s h ad t o o v e r tak e h e r ;
w h e re as from t h e e xp r e s s t e st i mon y o f Hy gi nu s ( Fab .

c on firme d b y t h e i n c id e n t of t h e gol de n appl e s w e k no w t h at ,

o n t h e c on t r ary i t w as t h e s u i t o r s w h o w e r e giv e n a s ta r t ,

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A cc o r d i n g t o O vi d ( M etamorp h x 6 44 s q q ) t h e g odd e s s . . .

b r ou g h t t h e g ol d e n appl e s from h e r s acr e d fi e l d of Tamas ns ,

t h e r i ch e s t l an d i n Cy pru s ; t h e r e i n t h e mi d s t of t h e fi e l d
g re w a w on drou s t r e e , i t s l e av e s an d b ran ch e s re s pl en d e n t
wi t h crac kli n g g ol d , an d from i t s b o u gh s A p h rod i t e pl u c k ed
t hr e e g o l de n appl e s B u t , acc o r d i n g t o o t h e r s , t h e appl e s
.

c ame from t h e mo re famili ar g arden of t h e He s pe r i d e s S ee .

40 0
 T HE L I B RA RY , 1 1 1 . 1x . 2

Pe l e u s an d A ft e rw ar d s sh e d i s c ov e r e d h e r
w on .

p ar e n t s b u t w hen h e r fat h e r w o u l d h av e p e r s u ad e d
,

h e r t o w e d s h e w e n t a w ay t o a p l ace t h at m i g h t
,

s e r v e as a r ac e c ou rse an d h av i n g pl an t e d a s t ak e
-
, ,

t hr e e c u b i t s hi g h i n t h e m i dd l e o f i t s h e c au s e d h e r ,

w ooe r s t o rac e b e fo r e h e r fro m t h e r e an d r an h e r s e l f ,

i n arm s an d i f t h e w o o e r w as c au g h t u p h i s d u e w as ,

d e at h on t h e s p ot an d i f h e w as n o t c au g h t u p h i s
, ,

d u e w as m arri ag e Wh e n m an y h ad al r e ady p e ri s h e d
.
,

M e l an i o n c am e t o r u n for l o v e o f h e r b ri n g i n g g o l d e n ,

l e s fr o m A hr o d i t e an d b e i n g u r s u e d h e t hr e w
1
a p
pp p ,

t h e m d o w n an d s h e , p ic k i ng u
p t h e ,
d r o
pp e d fr u i t ,

w as b e at e n i n t h e r ac e S o M e l an i o n m ar ri e d h e r
. .

A n d o n c e on a t i m e i t i s s ai d t h at o u t h u n t i n g t h e y
e n t e r e d i n t o t h e p r e ci n c t o f Z e u s an d t h e r e t ak i n g ,

t h e ir fi ll o f l o v e w e r e ch an g e d i n t o l i o n s 2
B u t H e si od .

an d s om e o t h e r s h av e s ai d t h at A t al an t a w as n o t a

d au g h t e r o f I as u s b u t o f S c h o e n e u s ; an d E u ri pi d es
,

S e r vi u s o n Vi rg il A 6 77 iii 1 1 3 ; S cri p tor cs r eru m my th i car u m

, . .

L ati n i e d G H B od e v ol 1 p 1 4 (Fi r s t V at i c an M y t h o
, . . .
, . . .

g rap h e r i , .

2
Th e s acr il e g e an d i t s p u n i s h me n t are r e c o r d e d al s o b y
Hyg i n u s ( Fab S e r vi u s ( on Vi r gil A en ii i
. an d t h e , . .

Fi r st Vat i c an M y t h o g r ap h e r ( S cr ip tor es r eru m my th i car u m

L ati n i e d G H B o d e v o l 1 p 1 4 fab
, . . .
,
Th e r e as o n w h y
. . .
,
.

t h e l o v e r s w e r e t u r n ed i n t o a li on an d a li on e ss for t h e i r i m
pi e t y i s e xpl ai n ed b y t h e an c i e nt my t h o g rap h e rs t o b e t h at
li on s d o n o t mat e wi t h e ach ot h e r b u t wi t h l e op ard s s o t h at , ,

af t e r t h e i r t r an s fo r mat i o n t h e l o v e r s c ou l d n e e r r e p e at t h e v

s i n o f w h i ch t h e y h ad b e e n g u il t y Fo r t h i s c u r i ou s pi e c e of .

n at u ral h i s t o r y t h e y r e f e r t o P li n y s N a tu r al H i s tor y ; b u t
’

al l t h at P li n y i n t h e f o r m i n w h i ch h e h as c o me d o w n t o u s
, ,

app e ar s t o affir m o n t h i s s u b j e c t i s t h at w h e n a li o n e s s ,

fo rg o t h er d ig ni t y wi t h a l eop ard h e r mat e e as ily d e t e c t ed ,

an d vig o r o u s ly p u n i s h e d t h e o ffe n c e ( N at H i s t viii . . .

Wh at w o u l d h av e h app en e d i f t h e li on h ad s imil ar ly mis

b e h av e d wi t h a l e o p ard e s s i s n ot me n t i on e d b y t h e n at u r al
h i st or ian .

40 1

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n o te o n p . .

t r ag ed y M el eag er , t h at E u r ipi d e s n ame d t h e f at h e r an d

,

hu s b an d of A t alan t a S h e i s n ame d i n on e of t h e e x i s t i n g
.

fr ag men t s ( N o 5 30 ) o f t h e pl ay S e e T ragi coru m Graecoru m

. .

Fr agmen ta, e d N au ck , pp 5 2 5 s qq
2
. . .
 P R IN TED 1 N G R EA T B R I T A i N B Y
TH E CO R W
N ALL P RESS , LT D .
,
PA R IS

S T A M FO R D ST RE ET , L O N D O N , 1 .