Writing task 1: Diagram

TIPS:
 Describing sentences in this type of writing task will be in passive voice for artificial procedures,
active voice for natural ones.
 Describe the diagrams by following the steps (if there is any).
 Use time-related cohesive devices to connect sentences.

Content
1.Mở đoạn Sử dụng mẫu câu sau:
(Introduction) The diagram given illustrates the process of making/ producing A
The diagram describes how A (be) produced/ formed/…
Ví dụ: The diagram illustrates how bricks are made for the building industry.
2.Tổng quát Nêu tổng quát về số các bước trong quá trình.
(Overview) It is clear that there are a number of stages/ steps in the entire process.
Nhận xét chung về quá trình:
Is it man-made or natural?
Where does it mainly happen? (in a factory, outdoor…)
Is it a linear or cyclical process?
3-8. Miêu tả chi tiết Sử dụng các mẫu câu chủ động, bị động, kèm theo các time-sequence linkers:
(Body) - Trạng từ: Next, then, firstly, …
- Liên từ: Once, As soon as, When, After, Before…
- Đại từ quan hệ: Where, which, …

First step Later steps Final steps

First of all, Secondly,/ Subsequently, Ultimately

Initially, And then,../ Next,... In the last stage
The first stage is The next step is... In the end
when… Following this,..
In the first place After/Once/ As soon as A is
done, B is…
I. ACTIVITY 1:

Study the Writing task 1 question and sample answer below:

The illustration below shows how chocolate is produced.

Summarize the information by reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

Put the missing passive forms to complete the sample answer. Select from the choices in the box.

is pressed is produced are laid out

are roasted are harvested are placed
are crushed is grown are removed
Answer:

The diagram explains the process for the making of chocolate. There are total of ten stages in the process,
beginning with the growing of the pods on the cacao trees and culminating in the production of the
chocolate.
To begin, the cocoa comes from the cacao tree, which (1)……………..in the South American and African
continents and the country of Indonesia.  Once the pods are ripe and red, they (2)……………..and the
white cocoa beans (3)……………... Following a period of fermentation, then they (4)……………... on a
large tray so they can dry under the sun. Next, they (5)……………... into large sacks and delivered to the
factory. After that, they (6)……………... at a temperature of 350 degrees, after which the beans (7)
……………... and separated from their outer shell. In the final stage, this inner part that is left (8)
……………... and the chocolate (9)……………......

II. ACTIVITY 2:

1. Label the diagram below with the missing information, based on the sample answer:

The diagrams illustrate the stages in the life of a silkworm and the process of producing silk cloth.
Summarize the information by reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
There are four main stages in the life cycle of the silkworm, from eggs to adult moth. The process of silk
cloth production involves six steps, from silkworm cocoon to silk material.

At the first stage in the life cycle of a silkworm, the moth lays its eggs. Around ten days later, silkworm
larvae hatch from the eggs; these larvae feed on mulberry leaves. Then, after four to six weeks, the larvae
become covered in silk thread, and it takes between three and eight days for a full cocoon to be produced.

For silk cloth production, a cocoon is first selected and then boiled in water. After boiling, the silk thread
that makes up the cocoon is unwound, and then several strands of thread are twisted together. At the fifth
and sixth stages in the process, the thread can either be dyed and then woven into silk fabric, or it can be
woven first and then dyed subsequently.

2. Underline the passive forms and signal words in the sample answer above.

III. EXTRA PRACTICE:

1. Study the writing task and the sample answer below:

The diagram below shows how solar panels can be used to provide electricity for domestic use.
Summarize the information by reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
The picture illustrates the process of producing electricity in a home using solar panels.

It is clear that there are five distinct stages in this process, beginning with the capture of energy from
sunlight. The final two steps show how domestic electricity is connected to the external power supply.

At the first stage in the process, solar panels on the roof of a normal house take energy from the sun and
convert it into DC current. Next, this current is passed to an inverter, which changes it to AC current and
regulates the supply of electricity. At stage three, electricity is supplied to the home from an electrical
panel.

At the fourth step shown on the diagram, a utility meter in the home is responsible for sending any extra
electric power outside the house into the grid. Finally, if the solar panels do not provide enough energy
for the household, electricity will flow from the utility grid into the home through the meter.

2. Rewrite the sample answer above with your own words:

The picture shows how domestic electricity is produced through a system of solar panels.

Overall, the process involves five major stages………………………………………………………….

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3. Write the answer for the following tasks:

The diagrams below give information about the Eiffel Tower in Paris and an outline project to
extend it underground.
The diagrams below show a structure that is used to generate electricity
from wave power.
The diagram below shows the carbon cycle.