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New Hope for Cycle 25? p.

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COMMUNICATIONS & TECHNOLOGY
AUGUST 2020
New
® ®
APRS / D-STAR
TH-D74A 144/220/430 MHz Tribander
Introducing the TH-D74A for the ultimate in APRS and D-STAR
performance. KENWOOD has already garnered an enviable
reputation with the TH-D72A handheld APRS amateur radio
transceiver. And now it has raised the bar even further with
the new TH-D74A, adding support for D-STAR, the digital
voice & data protocol developed by the JARL, and enabling
simultaneous APRS and D-STAR operation – an industry first.

M APRS compliance using packet communication to exchange real-time


GPS position information and messages
M Compliant with digital/voice mode D-STAR digital amateur radio networks
M Built-in high performance GPS unit with Auto Clock Setting
M Wide-band and multi-mode reception
M 1.74” (240 x 180 pixel) Transflective color TFT display
M IF Filtering for improved SSB/CW/AM reception
M High performance DSP-based audio processing & voice recording
M Compliant with Bluetooth, microSD & Micro-USB standards
M External Decode function (PC Decode 12kHz IF Output, BW:15 kHz)
M Free software for Memory and Frequency Control Program
M Data Import / Export (Digital Repeater List, Call sign, Memory Channel)
M Four TX Power selections (5/2/0.5/0.05 W)
M Dust and Water resistant IP54/55 standards

APRS (The Automatic Packet Reporting System) is a registered American trademark of WB4APR (Mr. Bob Bruninga).
D-Star is a digital radio protocol developed by JARL (Japan Amateur Radio League).

Customer Support/Distribution Customer Support:


(310) 639-4200 Fax: (310) 537-8235
ADS#29116
LEGENDS NEVER DIE
Elite 750
The Classic,
assic, Clear-Sounding
AM/FM/LW/SW/SSB/VHF
M/LW/SW W/SSB/ VHF AIR,
AIR
R,
Listen to itt All
All Radio

Unbelieveable Memory The classic look & style to match On every wavelength

For more information please visit etoncorp.com

Authorized Dealers
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DK6XZ...........................341,360 RL3A ..........................2,016,540 NA8V.............................199,827 VA3AC.............................99,603
USA EI7KD ............................341,352 4X2M .........................2,005,560 VE3DZ ...........................140,882 W8CO..............................89,205
K1LZ ..........................1,128,548 UA7K..........................1,937,250 VA3AR...........................117,355 OK1LRD ..........................84,832
K3ZM .........................1,112,238 Zone 15 9A1P ..........................1,822,620 KØIDX ...........................105,690 LY9A ...............................84,214
N5DX..........................1,065,912 OK6W.........................1,516,020 ND4Y.............................104,082 SQ9ZAX...........................80,388
K1DG..........................1,023,435 LY7Z ..........................1,297,032 MULTI-OPERATOR W/VE VA3AC.............................99,603 HA8WY ...........................63,102
W5MX ...........................729,270 S53A ..........................1,183,005 VO2AC........................1,704,417 KØTT ...............................89,962 OM5WW .........................60,952
NA8V.............................703,948 OHØR .........................1,056,438 W2GD ........................1,395,468
N4XD.............................667,584 OM7RU .........................778,146 K3LR ..........................1,072,804 QRP LOW POWER W/VE
W4CB ............................666,600 HG5D ............................756,276 NR4M............................890,960 E77Y ...............................61,440 VE3MGY........................203,112
W3BGN .........................633,204 9A2AJ ...........................728,178 KØDI .............................842,656 HA8BE.............................54,264 VA3AC.............................99,603
W5ZN ............................590,117 LY4L .............................545,776 KM3T ............................798,840 R2FI ................................24,570 W8CO..............................89,205
4O3A .............................502,980 N1LN.............................696,828 EU1AA.............................23,698 KB4OLM..........................51,832
VE OM5CD .........................499,668 N3EB .............................660,625 WB4MSG ........................22,320 N2HMM...........................51,747
VE3EJ.........................1,240,070 K2AX .............................627,792 DLØAZ.............................21,276 W8GP..............................51,012
VE3DZ ...........................962,016 Zone 16 NA7TB...........................588,672 UT1WW...........................20,628 N4XL ...............................48,730
VE3AT ...........................831,512 UX2X..........................1,014,253 YO8BSE...........................19,314 NGØC ..............................40,698
VE3VN...........................512,627 R7NW ...........................978,588 ASSISTED WORLD OK1LL .............................18,172 VA3NW ...........................38,581
VE3PN...........................474,117 R8WF ............................726,732 +P4ØAA......................2,156,011 HA1TI ..............................14,924 KS3D...............................36,608
VE6BBP.........................419,616 RA3XM..........................489,552 +SN7Q........................1,659,711
VE3YT ...........................283,283 RU3UR ..........................448,154 +SN2M .......................1,601,380 DX QRP W/VE
VE3KP ...........................237,830 UT7NY...........................435,288 +OM7M ......................1,501,360 ZF5T ..............................623,370 K3TW ................................5,208
VE3XL ...........................178,160 EW1I .............................400,932 +LX2ØI .......................1,479,226 ZF2AM...........................465,360 N8LJ .................................4,825
VE3BR...........................167,165 RN1A.............................385,360 +MX5A .......................1,438,490 S57C .............................371,853 K2MIJ ...............................4,290
UX1HW .........................352,968 +UA2FZ ......................1,433,295 IK2YCW.........................336,490 W7BAK..............................4,248
Zone 3 R3ST .............................329,751 +LY4A ........................1,367,380 ES5RW..........................301,000 WB8DC .............................2,720
K6AM ............................414,468 +YL2SM .....................1,314,036 SN7D.............................260,455 W1RGA ................................676
W7QM...........................358,992 Russia +LY7M .......................1,313,820 YL7X .............................223,040 WØYJT .................................630
K7RAT...........................323,904 R7NW ...........................978,588 SP9N.............................204,544 VE6EX ..................................520
WJ9B ............................235,969 R8WF ............................726,732 ASSISTED W/VE SQ7CL...........................164,777 W1IG......................................60
AA6AA...........................231,413 RT9A .............................690,074 +VA2WA.....................1,191,360 LY5W ............................159,689 VA3MYC.................................30
W6AYC..........................204,952 RA3XM..........................489,552 +W1UE .......................1,044,669
RU3UR ..........................448,154 +K1A ..........................1,010,152 Zone 14 MULTI-OPERATOR WORLD
AC6DD ..........................199,890
RN1A.............................385,360 +AA1K ...........................979,104 EA3IBV ............................76,750 PJ4G .............................538,164
N7GP.............................163,891
RA9MA..........................373,503 +K3WW.........................826,344 SB6A ...............................64,920 OL7M ............................533,808
N7ZG.............................153,840
R3ST .............................329,751 +K1LT ...........................807,380 DF2DJ .............................64,100 EW5A ............................496,524
N6RK.............................146,219
R3FX .............................309,463 +N3HEE.........................784,655 DL2SAX...........................58,056 HG8DX ..........................431,730
RD4F .............................264,180 +VE3RZ .........................771,948 M3D ................................56,212 US1Q.............................358,179
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+K2AV ...........................709,800 MIØM ..............................52,962 SP8R.............................352,577
VE3EJ.........................1,240,070
LOW POWER +KVØQ ..........................693,328 EG2CAI............................51,696 UA7K.............................317,900
VE3DZ ...........................962,016
World DLØESA ..........................47,360 N2CEI ............................311,115
VE3AT ...........................831,512
DK1KC.............................45,360
W5MX ...........................729,270 3V8SF ...........................956,970 SSB DG5MLA .........................45,150
N2CW............................306,976
NA8V.............................703,948 MU2K ............................574,752 S56P .............................273,428
W5ZN ............................590,117 LY4L .............................545,776 USA
KD4D.............................525,100 Zone 15 MULTI-OPERATOR W/VE
W9RE ............................530,292 K1LZ .............................338,548 S57C .............................371,853
VE3VN...........................512,627 4O3A .............................502,980 K3ZM ............................302,736 N2CEI ............................311,115
NØNI .............................412,794 IK2YCW.........................336,490 N2CW............................306,976
N2IC ..............................492,366 ND8DX ..........................213,891 ES5RW..........................301,000
VE3PN...........................474,117 OK7Y.............................382,120 NA8V.............................199,827 WU2X............................267,145
9A1AA ...........................367,567 SN7D.............................260,455 W5MX ...........................169,338
W3BGN .........................183,440 YL7X .............................223,040
QRP LY9A .............................323,068 W1XX ............................181,645 W8PR............................154,356
DL6KWN .......................321,925 SP9N.............................204,544 K2AX .............................100,809
LY5E .............................388,275 K2XA .............................160,290 SQ7CL...........................164,777
DK7HA ..........................290,958 W3TS ............................114,595 N3DPB ............................85,413
LOW POWER W/VE LY5W ............................159,689 WR5O .............................79,168
YL2QN...........................232,532 W1OC............................112,995 LY2BVB.........................147,732
HA8BE...........................216,794 KD4D.............................525,100 K3ZO .............................109,340 NE3F ...............................66,642
NØNI .............................412,794 SN6M ............................144,990 K3CCR.............................66,300
S52P .............................207,309
S57M ............................205,261 WB8JUI.........................270,300 VE Zone 16
OL4W ............................187,885 N8II ...............................263,637 VY2ZM ..........................745,461 ASSISTED WORLD
UX1UA ..........................149,292
OK1LL ...........................164,800 K1EP .............................254,800 VE3PN...........................205,190 +OK7K...........................650,743
US5D.............................125,856
N9SE .............................159,100 K5KU.............................241,020 VE3MGY........................203,112 +LY4A ...........................610,416
UT2AA.............................87,400
EU1AA...........................143,468 K3JT..............................231,500 VE3DZ ...........................140,882 +KP4KE .........................479,412
R8WF ..............................84,398
K1DC.............................187,376 VA3AR...........................117,355 +S54ZZ .........................302,808
RA3XM............................70,460
DX VE3XL ...........................178,160 VA3AC.............................99,603 +LX2ØI ..........................286,556
UA4LCH ..........................48,258
CR3W.........................2,272,064 VE3VSM ........................157,960 VA3NW ...........................38,581 +EA9/DL1MGB ..............270,776
UR5TM............................47,463
ZF5T ...........................1,956,080 VE3KP .............................29,930 +MI5K ...........................267,064
RA1ZZ .............................40,303
NP2P..........................1,523,162 QRP W/VE VE3VY .............................19,807 +DK6WL........................262,352
RC5Z ...............................39,780
OK6W.........................1,516,020 NØTT.............................130,950 VE3TW ............................14,790 +DK2OY ........................233,064
UZ1U...............................38,556
PJ4A ..........................1,474,667 N3CZ ...............................65,670 +W3LL ..........................194,292
KP2M .........................1,448,912 KØPK...............................35,964 Zone 3 Russia
D4C ............................1,358,012 WB4MSG ........................30,438 N7AU...............................23,970 R8WF ..............................84,398 ASSISTED W/VE
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LY7Z ..........................1,297,032 KEØTT .............................19,395 K7IU ................................10,560 RA1ZZ .............................40,303 +K4ISV ..........................140,466
K3TW ..............................19,366 W7ZB ................................7,887 RC5Z ...............................39,780 +AA1K ...........................139,410
Zone 14 KI4IO...............................16,605 VA7EU...............................7,056 UA9CAW .........................36,735 +K4XL ...........................135,660
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CR6K.............................904,818 K7HP.................................5,478 RC2SB.............................30,400 +W1EQO .......................129,244
DL1AUZ.........................903,540 MULTI-OPERATOR WORLD NG7M................................4,524 RA3RA ............................25,806 +N2ZX ...........................115,024
DF9LJ............................706,414 IG9/S59A....................2,941,390 K7STO...............................4,228 UA1CUR ..........................25,760 +VE3CV .........................114,895
MU2K ............................574,752 TCØX..........................2,746,668 +W3FOX ..........................99,162
OZ1LO...........................563,530 P33W .........................2,730,192 Zone 4 LOW POWER WORLD
GM3POI ........................444,136 OK7K..........................2,153,792 ND8DX ..........................213,891 VE3MGY........................203,112 *Low Power
DL5SE ...........................409,590 PJ2T...........................2,141,644 VE3PN...........................205,190 LY4L .............................131,663 +Assisted

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Announcing:

$28PSME8JEF%9$POUFTU
SSB: October 24-25 CW: November 28-29
Starts 0000 UTC Saturday; Ends 2359 UTC Sunday
Log Deadlines: SSB – 2359 UTC Oct. 30 / CW – 2359 UTC Dec. 4, 2020
Join more than 30,000 participants from over 200 DX entities and all 40 CQ Zones in the world’s
largest DX contest.

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The 12-volt power supply in KE3FL’s garage is well used, but it could be even
more useful, he thought, if there was a way for it to produce various lower
voltage levels for projects with different power needs. A little digging and —
voilà! – a new project for Phil, and now for you, to build …

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BY PHIL KARRAS,* KE3FL

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Amateur radio direction finding, better known as “foxhunting,” enjoys a


long history. W4FSV writes about a recent foxhunt that triggered memories
of another one 42 years earlier!

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The new HG3 stepper tuned Mag Loop
Antenna (MLA) sets a new standard delivering
unprecedented capability in remote tuning,
performance and convenience for an MLA. It
employs a proven, accurate and repeatable
stepper motor design. Band selection, remote
tuning, including optional loop rotation, is
controlled via a microcontroller driving a high
resolution stepper motor.
A built-in digital SWR bridge provides auto-
tuning based on an SWR scan. This ensures
compatibility with most radios. Manual tuning
uses a convenient rotary encoder knob - no
more finicky push buttons. The four-line LCD
displays band selected, SWR, ERP, Cap value
and more. The bottom line - count on top-
notch RX and TX performance!

 

 STEPPER MOTOR ACCURACY


 CONVENIENT REMOTE TUNING
 DISPLAYS BAND, SWR, ERP & MORE
 QUICK BAND SELECTION
 AUTO-TUNING BASED ON SWR
 80m - 10m COVERAGE AVAILABLE
 NO COMPROMISE SPOT-ON TUNING
 MAX POWER: 100 W PEP*
A precise LC match at the
desired frequency ensures
spot-on tuning (red SWR,
blue RL, green Z) and
minimizes mismatch losses
within the MLA's specified
frequency range.

* For EXPRESS & PRO models, see specifications for limitations

 

13690 Wisteria Dr. NE Aurora, OR 97002 • ph: 503-915-2490 • preciserf.com • Some items may be optional • © 2020 rev 13
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CQ Communications, Inc.
Phone 516-681-2922 • FAX 516-681-2926 http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
Number groups after calls denote PENNSYLVANIA *K4MI 3,278 64 21 1 OREGON *WØETT 16,950 123 42 8
score, total QSOs, W/VE multiplier, W3BGN 633,204 1189 56 67 *W2YE 1,005 26 15 0 K7RAT 323,904 1003 56 40 *AFØE 14,696 151 40 4
K3UL 546,608 1030 57 70 *K4MIL 992 28 16 0 W7YAQ 93,951 444 52 21 *KV5Y 8,930 100 34 4
countries worked. Total multiplier is W3TS 419,682 1099 56 57 W4ZYT 714 22 11 3 *AK6A 65,758 364 48 13 *AAØCW 6,665 97 30 1
the addition of the W/VE and countries. WK2G 213,691 682 53 44 W7EW 26,892 143 40 14 WØKU 1,239 25 19 2
Multi-op scores follow single-op list- K3SWZ 145,209 382 47 50 ARKANSAS *W7ZI 14,500 93 36 14
ings. An asterisk (*) denotes low N3XZ 90,446 301 44 38 W5ZN 590,117 1250 57 64 *W7MTL 6,496 94 27 2 IOWA
K3JGJ 70,818 214 49 38 WD5R 421,689 1138 56 55 *W7VO 6,386 84 29 2 *NØNI 412,794 991 57 57
power. State, province, and country *WS3C 62,985 389 48 17 *AE7EU 2,852 59 22 1 NG7A 270,369 894 56 43
*N5EE 65,142 448 51 12
certificate winners are listed in bold. KY3W 45,920 354 47 9 *KH6KG/W5 61,346 280 47 27 *W7GF 1,442 44 12 2 WØODS 97,088 430 52 30
KW3A 35,695 236 45 14 *WA5SOG 56,100 348 50 16 *KØSRL 49,996 379 51 7
2020 CW RESULTS *N2EM 33,418 294 42 7 W9JEF 40,356 303 49 10 UTAH *NØAC 19,236 212 41 1
SINGLE OPERATOR *WA1HEW 25,380 213 40 7 WA5BDU 25,036 259 42 2 NG7M 21,328 221 40 3 *WIØWA 16,192 172 43 1
NORTH AMERICA *N3LT 14,445 139 41 4 KD5J 22,419 207 42 5 NN7ZZ 7,743 98 24 5 *N1XK 13,420 125 37 7
K3VZ 14,310 128 39 6 K9OZ 21,930 172 41 10 *WA7YAZ 3,344 66 21 1 AD4OS 9,758 98 38 3
UNITED STATES KA2C 10,260 91 27 9 *KBØYD 50 5 5 0 *KØWOI 1,869 43 21 0
CONNECTICUT *K3HW 3,570 67 20 1 LOUISIANA *ADØH 32 4 4 0
K1ZZ 119,850 326 41 44 *N3SW 1,944 33 23 1 *K5KU 241,020 808 55 48 WASHINGTON
*W1ARY 55,205 350 43 18 *ND3R 1,620 39 18 0 *KV8S 54,360 391 50 10 N7ZG 153,840 602 56 24 KANSAS
*W1QK 48,849 328 43 14 NT2DR 1,204 17 9 5 *W5ZZ 10,988 121 37 4 W7FI 61,831 292 54 19 ADØAB 26,796 187 47 11
KA1J 40,199 184 39 22 *WB3LHD 1,139 32 17 0 *K7QBO 26,880 187 47 9 KEØEK 16,330 151 43 3
K1KI 31,752 211 33 16 W7WR 20,808 162 42 9 *KØHNC 372 14 12 0
K1BUK 25,440 208 38 10 ALABAMA MISSISSIPPI *N7MU 6,851 85 27 4
*W1EQ 18,204 198 33 4 AG4W 329,346 820 52 55 N4OGW 303,632 715 53 59 K7IU 5,271 98 20 1 MINNESOTA
*KC1ERO 10,272 125 29 3 *K1DC 187,376 614 53 45 WQ5L 104,480 424 50 30 *NN7M 2,812 61 15 4 NEØU 281,705 932 56 47
*KC1SA 8,883 135 25 2 N4NO 61,540 356 49 19 *N5CW 47,253 337 45 12 *KC7ITP 1,288 39 13 1 NØOK 80,028 336 53 28
*W5NZ 14,208 98 35 13 *K5XU 8,288 103 35 2 *KB7AK 962 30 12 1 K9DU 72,002 260 50 24
MAINE *KS4L 1,628 34 21 1 *N5RB 4,185 57 28 3 K7II 780 23 11 1 *ACØW 60,756 442 55 6
K1LZ 1,128,548 1414 55 79 *W4MTM 432 15 11 1 K2FF 40 2 0 4 *W7VAS 24 -3 0 3 KØEA 59,414 414 51 10
K1DG 1,023,435 1497 56 77 NØUY 45,144 239 45 21
KA1IS 235,818 575 48 51 FLORIDA NEW MEXICO WYOMING *NGØC 23,108 181 49 4
*W1LQ 73,219 308 40 33 NE8P 202,445 617 51 44 N2IC 492,366 1240 57 57 W6KGP 39,556 288 50 8 KØVG 9,828 117 38 1
*N1CGP 32,120 304 39 5 KJ4QHL 142,105 486 48 49 K7IA 106,480 445 53 27 *KA7PNH 154 8 7 0 NØAT 8,316 99 36 0
*KK7A 2,684 52 21 1 N4UM 76,032 421 48 24 N5UL 76,206 347 51 27 *WAØLIF 5,805 94 27 0
*WB4TDH 73,264 328 47 29 MICHIGAN NUØW 3,132 49 26 1
MASSACHUSETTS AE2DX 46,830 255 47 23 OKLAHOMA NA8V 703,948 1400 57 67 *WAØLJM 2,275 41 25 0
K5ZD 341,223 868 52 55 *N4EK 45,656 364 39 13 *N5XE 12,831 118 42 5 K8BKM 163,473 658 53 34 *KJØP 1,900 38 19 0
*K1EP 254,800 881 54 46 N4FP 42,021 220 40 23 WD5CSK 6,039 93 32 1 W8TWA 101,177 400 50 33 K0TC 1,386 30 21 0
N1PGA 155,038 523 49 40 N4TB 39,061 192 45 22 K8BZ 89,896 532 49 19 *WBØU 162 12 6 0
N1QY 70,448 387 45 23 *N4EH 28,072 197 45 13 TEXAS *WA1UJU 75,864 583 53 5 *KØJP 8 2 2 0
*K1VUT 66,468 479 45 13 W8IM 16,524 110 39 15 K5WA 263,292 662 55 56 *KB8TL 32,489 223 42 11
*N1DC 51,015 369 46 11 *W3USA 12,685 110 33 10 WA2VYA 95,616 541 52 20 KO8Z 30,738 295 41 6 MISSOURI
*K1SX 43,407 227 43 20 *K4SXT 12,212 100 33 10 N3BB 92,229 530 50 21 *K8GVK 29,870 189 43 15 KIØI 156,975 592 53 38
*N2AN 26,977 192 43 10 *K8MR 11,600 118 33 7 W5JMW 55,725 256 49 26 *KB8TYJ 28,435 259 42 5 NWØM 55,224 410 51 8
*KU1N 26,531 265 41 2 *KM2T 9,912 93 34 8 K5LY 39,438 259 48 15 *AC8CE 24,225 151 44 13 *NZØT 53,955 444 48 7
*N1NN 5,174 86 25 1 *K2ZR 9,184 90 32 9 *KF5ALL 31,720 276 46 6 *W8CO 19,635 143 38 13 *WO7U 11,439 129 41 0
*NG1I 1,728 45 16 0 *K8RGI 9,158 96 30 8 *AA5TB 23,856 219 43 5 *K7DR 19,125 186 42 3 *WØTY 396 15 11 0
*K5LH 22,984 191 44 8 WA8UPB 18,240 156 42 6
*N1AW 1,411 34 17 0 *N4T/45 4,180 22 16 3 *K8SIA 17,190 160 43 2 *KØPHP 273 15 7 0
*WO1N 550 26 10 0 NA4CW 1,680 15 0 14 K5MV 20,400 171 42 8
*K5ME 20,188 177 42 7 *WM8Z 12,880 121 42 4
*WB1AEL 540 21 12 0 *KN4DXT 160 10 7 1 *K8MJZ 10,413 113 36 3 NEBRASKA
*N1YL 138 10 6 0 *K5TDA 18,050 167 45 5 NFØN 11,572 117 42 2
W8YV 8,246 89 36 2
GEORGIA *N5KWN 13,815 144 43 2 W8RU 4,440 54 25 5 *KØKPH 9,000 101 37 3
NEW HAMPSHIRE NO9E 272,200 818 54 46 KZ5J 13,728 136 38 6 *WDØBGZ 6,517 45 43 6
K1TR 222,775 763 53 42 KU8E 249,696 797 54 48 *N5KF 5,740 63 30 5 OHIO *WNØL 2,808 49 25 2
*N1IX 49,350 389 40 10 NE4EI 77,049 524 48 15 *K5IX 1,377 42 16 1 W8CAR 364,605 1063 57 52 *KVØI 2,254 49 23 0
*K1QO 39,540 241 45 15 W4AN 56,100 333 51 17 *KD5MMM 1,139 28 15 2 K8RR 296,331 929 57 46
*WA1T 21,266 137 32 17 K4ZMV 50,890 236 45 25 *K5MBA 588 23 11 1 KI8R 281,602 773 55 48 NORTH DAKOTA
AA1QD 14,491 132 36 7 *N4JVP 35,802 283 43 11 *WB5K 182 13 7 0 *WB8JUI 270,300 838 57 49 KEØKDX 216 9 8 0
*N1IMW 5,887 90 26 3 *KJ4UC 13,200 123 39 5 *N5ZN 1 4 4 1 K8RYU 265,431 747 53 50
*KG1V 3,560 77 20 0 *KK4WX 2,725 50 24 1 N8BJQ 218,400 772 54 42 SOUTH DAKOTA
K1KXN 360 12 12 0 *W4EMI 574 19 14 0 CALIFORNIA K8PK 103,806 570 53 20 *WDØT 51,789 358 50 11
*K8LBQ 160 10 8 0 K6AM 414,468 1069 58 58 *W1NN 74,834 402 53 18
RHODE ISLAND W6AYC 204,952 753 54 34 CANADA
AC6DD 199,890 589 52 38 *W8MET 61,152 526 45 7
W1XX 308,053 813 54 53 KENTUCKY KA8YGL 51,546 246 45 21 NOVA SCOTIA
*K1MD 79,268 339 48 28 W5MX 729,270 1374 58 77 N6RK 146,219 632 56 17 VA1MM 43,164 200 34 10
K6NA 80,586 327 48 26 KB8O 42,445 144 32 33
*AJ1DM 2,300 47 18 2 K4WW 159,456 643 52 36 *N8HP 40,426 253 43 15 VA1RST 39,100 115 23 27
*KC4WQ 70,840 396 49 21 N6RO 68,288 293 49 15 VE1ANU 25,720 129 32 8
*W6JTI 53,632 324 50 14 *AB8OU 33,660 227 43 12
VERMONT *K4CMS 38,805 203 44 21 *K8SVT 33,350 226 46 12
N1UR 411,840 856 54 63 KD4EE 24,864 212 41 7 *KØXP 48,360 294 48 17 QUEBEC
N6TQ 39,258 280 44 10 *W8XY 32,079 266 45 6
K1VMT 47,276 366 44 9 *KM4FO 24,610 226 41 5 W6RKC 29,016 157 47 15 *N8KQ 27,683 260 44 3 *VE2QV 4,950 58 18 0
*K1ARR 1,683 42 17 0 *N6VI 25,758 189 41 12 *W1PDI 15,876 160 37 5
NORTH CAROLINA N6XI 25,056 230 44 4 *W8PN 15,352 178 36 2 ONTARIO
NEW JERSEY N4XD 667,584 1290 56 66 W6EU 20,208 169 41 7 *K8G 13,035 175 33 0 VE3EJ 1,240,070 1535 58 72
*N2GM 81,508 424 47 24 N4AF 583,892 1192 57 65 *WA6URY 17,730 156 36 9 *KC8J 5,050 95 25 0 VE3DZ 962,016 1281 59 73
*N2HMM 25,474 179 32 15 WG8Y 34,099 175 42 19 WØYK 12,915 132 37 4 *N8TCP 4,530 65 29 1 VE3AT 831,512 1162 56 65
*WA2ALY 24,544 178 40 12 W3DQS 28,860 180 39 21 K6MM 12,051 109 31 8 *K8VUS 4,154 58 30 1 VE3VN 512,627 826 53 56
*KC2WUF 24,000 187 38 10 *N3CKI 20,840 229 36 4 N3ZZ 7,455 97 33 2 *WB8JAY 2,070 50 18 0 VE3PN 474,117 769 56 51
*KD2JC 12,771 155 27 6 *AD8J 20,160 182 37 8 K6XX 7,334 75 33 5 *WB8PIY 1,649 47 17 0 VE3YT 283,283 744 55 22
*W3PR 7,359 91 31 2 WE6C 19,257 162 39 10 *K6EM 6,400 81 28 4 *WB8WUA 1,020 27 17 0 VE3KP 237,830 549 52 33
*W2IOC 1 0 1 0 *K4KAY 13,407 103 29 12 *N6LL 6,003 85 24 5 *VE3XL 178,160 541 51 17
*K4BSK 10,404 127 33 3 *KA9A 5,221 91 19 4 VE3BR 167,165 511 53 14
NEW YORK K4KZ 9,984 98 33 6 KE6QR 5,073 116 17 2 WEST VIRGINIA *VE3VSM 157,960 591 50 5
N5DX 1,065,912 1611 57 81 *WA2JLW 4,384 50 26 6 *N6SN 3,432 62 19 3 *N8II 263,637 797 53 46 *VE3AQ 100,278 391 48 6
W2XL 244,812 865 52 40 *W4GHV 3,100 56 24 1 W6BIV 3,080 76 19 1 *K3JT 231,500 737 52 48 *VE3WG 90,654 326 48 10
WS9M 218,296 551 54 50 *K6RM 1,014 36 13 0 AJ6V 2,941 79 16 1 K8JQ 134,862 649 52 26 *VA3EC 62,694 305 39 4
K2NV 213,885 688 53 44 *W6JK 2,720 70 15 2 WA8KAN 66,365 399 48 17 VE3FJ 62,036 243 39 13
N2MF 163,210 522 50 45 SOUTH CAROLINA W6JBR 2,240 53 19 1 *VA3SY 55,926 303 38 1
*N2YB 147,846 725 54 28 NN4SS 69,615 464 49 14 WB6BET 1,012 43 11 0 ILLINOIS *VA3FN 25,320 134 37 3
NS2N 104,380 411 53 32 K7OM 55,096 249 45 26 *W6NKR 540 27 10 0 K9ZO 336,600 898 55 55 *VE3LC 24,087 165 29 2
*AI2S 53,170 312 49 16 NI7R 25,168 182 40 12 W6ENZ 497 8 0 7 *WB9HFK 115,748 608 51 25 *VA3FF 15,035 100 31 0
K2UF 50,700 346 49 11 *N4XL 13,386 129 42 4 *K6CSL 336 21 8 0 N9TK 83,304 439 49 23 *VA3EON 14,558 106 26 3
WU2M 43,615 326 43 12 *WA8OJR 12,455 100 39 8 *K8TR 110 11 5 0 K9BGL 65,208 297 52 24 *VA3TTB 10,395 80 27 0
*K2QO 40,370 292 43 12 NJ4F 4,830 50 22 8 *NC6Q 4 2 1 0 *N9TF 59,598 380 50 13 *VA3ZNW 7,040 70 22 0
*AG2AA 31,115 269 43 6 *KD4S 390 11 7 3 KG9N 55,380 342 50 15 *VE3MA 1,586 31 13 0
W4IPC 23,220 209 40 5 ARIZONA *W9FY 39,300 351 48 2 VA3AR 748 16 10 1
*N2BEG 19,881 182 44 3 TENNESSEE W7QM 358,992 1050 56 52 *W8LVN 38,772 322 50 4
*N2RI 18,720 196 34 6 K4RO 346,170 789 56 54 N7GP 163,891 554 53 38 *KC9UJS 25,864 196 46 7 MANITOBA
WB2WPM 10,527 141 32 1 AC4G 186,147 416 54 57 *N7IR 118,888 604 52 25 *K9CW 20,930 195 44 2 *VE4VT 73,337 260 52 7
*NY2H 8,288 127 26 2 *K4OAQ 103,530 637 52 18 KH7X/W7 75,831 460 52 17 *N9LYE 17,243 164 38 5
*K2NPN 6,496 94 28 1 W4UT 100,110 593 51 20 N6VR 69,312 286 49 27 SASKATCHEWAN
*W8JH 59,961 320 50 19 *K9PMV 11,704 136 37 1
*AC2OC 5,572 86 28 0 *WA5POK 72,829 418 47 20 *WR9L 10,374 100 38 4 *VE5SF 47,088 203 44 4
K7HP 51,348 304 50 16
*W2YK 5,423 76 27 2 *KB9DKR 53,100 485 43 7 *AC7A 45,140 293 50 11 *K9KMD 6,468 80 33 0
*W2EG 3,795 69 22 1 WB4YDY 42,160 263 48 14 N7RK 40,068 225 50 13 *KA9CAR 6,020 74 33 2 ALBERTA
*KX1W 1,065 34 15 0 W4NZ 28,875 202 43 12 N6BT 28,514 199 42 11 W9SE 5,673 78 28 3 VE6BBP 419,616 836 56 38
*N2JJ 920 20 20 0 *KS4X 25,428 210 45 7 KE2VB 24,745 224 45 4 *WQ9T 2,346 45 22 1 VE6TK 10,530 75 30 0
*KQ2N 174 -2 0 6 *W3TB 24,888 207 43 8 K7HI 12,314 92 36 11 *VA6RCN 5,214 51 21 1
*WD8RYC 6,888 64 36 5 *NØUD 10,920 111 38 4 INDIANA *VE6UM 5,037 45 21 2
DELAWARE *K4DXV 24 3 4 0 W7ON 8,295 96 29 6 W9RE 530,292 1183 55 63
*N8NA 37,760 236 45 14 N7WS 7,344 48 22 12 W9TC 99,434 372 48 35 BRITISH COLUMBIA
*WA3V 9,636 121 29 4 VIRGINIA *KE6K 6,270 78 29 4 KØTQ 97,236 472 49 25 VA7ST 15,652 126 25 1
*W3ASW 1,890 42 18 0 K3ZM 1,112,238 1627 58 71 *AA7V 3,510 60 24 2 *WD8DSB 87,837 508 51 18 *VE7XF 3,552 47 13 3
W4CB 666,600 1361 56 64 *W9CF 344 20 8 0 *KJ9C 73,612 317 49 28
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA WA4JUK 140,302 601 50 32 K9WWT 70,006 536 54 4 NORTH AMERICA
*W3DQ 21,360 169 39 9 *K4ORD 108,978 406 48 34 IDAHO *W9GT 55,860 376 46 14 Bahamas
NG2H 106,110 301 50 40 WJ9B 235,969 832 55 28 *K9IG 32,552 264 47 5 C6AEI 349,140 688 50 42
MARYLAND KØZR 94,536 488 49 23 N7UVH 24,225 170 43 8 *W9CWO 18,174 203 36 3
*KD4D 525,100 1038 52 66 K4ZW 75,960 345 48 24 W7MEM 6,876 81 34 2 *W9MRH 13,892 132 44 2 Belize
K3ZO 498,220 1016 55 61 *K2WK 59,340 420 47 13 K7OVG 3,984 68 23 1 *KA9FQG 12,408 107 38 6 *V31YN 28,750 103 33 17
WG3J 402,192 862 52 60 K4RDU 44,793 270 46 17 *K7ARJ 1,442 44 14 0 *WB9NOO 8,880 105 36 1
K3TC 216,800 607 52 48 N4DJ 41,958 343 49 5 *N7ESU 923 28 12 1 N4TZ 2,808 39 25 2 Cayman Islands
AA3S 180,084 671 47 39 *N4FX 40,512 217 45 19 *K7JAN 726 27 11 0 ZF5T 1,956,080 1977 58 82
W3KL 142,080 546 47 33 *N4UA 34,485 153 32 23 *W7TX 520 26 10 0 *ZF2BJ 38,324 139 35 17
*K4FTO 33,804 234 40 14 WISCONSIN
*W3UL 64,377 292 41 28 K9MA 175,736 706 55 33
*K3KU 57,950 392 49 12 W4WWQ 30,566 185 41 17
*K8LF 19,943 153 35 14 MONTANA *N7ZZ 47,850 380 51 4 Cuba
*WK3A 55,638 311 48 18 *W4PJW 18,446 177 42 4 N9RV 160,588 702 54 22 ND9Z 25,806 215 46 5 *CO2RQ 70,235 253 45 10
*WA3FAE 54,936 418 44 12 *K4HQK 14,760 168 31 5 KS7T 17,680 194 39 1 KW9R 14,352 127 42 4 *CO2JD 63,954 220 43 14
NC3Y 46,386 365 45 9 NR4C 14,564 121 33 11 AB5ZA 16,720 185 35 3 N9GH 8,832 84 44 2 *CO8NMN 1 0 1 0
KG4USN 38,254 157 36 26 N3KN 11,628 130 33 5 *K9CPO 6,144 90 32 0
*W3IUU 35,670 226 44 14 N8AID 9,345 77 25 10 NEVADA *KB9S 2,838 60 22 0 Dominican Republic
W3PH 20,726 206 38 5 WN7S 8,587 128 29 2 AA6AA 231,413 675 54 37 *W9KHH 1,575 33 24 1 *HI8A 20,425 84 26 17
*N3TE 19,932 183 38 6 *K4YCR 8,349 110 31 2 NF7R 24,915 184 48 7 *HI8DL 648 12 1 8
*K3NDM 5,239 68 28 3 N3JB 6,897 58 23 10 *N7XCZ 1,820 64 12 1 COLORADO
*W3VKD 392 10 4 4 *WR4I 6,090 72 27 3 KM6CQ 1,800 47 17 1 NØKQ 40,439 337 48 5 Grenada
*W3WTD 296 17 8 0 *NN4RB 4,023 63 25 2 WU6W 1,320 33 19 1 *KØUK 24,336 191 44 8 J35X 156,000 321 42 38

 ‡ &4 ‡$XJXVW 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


Martinique *JE4URN 140 6 0 4 OK1DW 5,640 24 6 18 European Turkey Hungary
FM5BH 762,600 919 53 71 *JM7GTK 87 10 0 3 *OK1FUK 3,654 34 0 21 *TA1NAI 11,550 106 0 21 HG5D 756,276 1267 30 77
FM4LV 1 1 0 0 *JN1BBO 58 13 0 2 *OK2BH 3,540 35 0 20 HA7SBQ 140,910 501 2 53
*JQ1COB 50 2 1 4 *OK1DXW 2,686 34 0 17 Finland *HA4YF 103,243 418 1 48
Mexico *JF3ROH 38 8 0 2 OK1DWJ 490 7 0 7 OH1VR 335,987 799 14 65 HA5JP 60,104 268 0 44
XE2X 1,352,124 1545 59 79 *JA2QVP 20 2 0 2 *OH/M0CFW 263,310 749 9 58 *HA2MN 16,530 115 0 29
*XE2NBW 1,632 20 14 2 *JA3GZE 12 6 0 1 Denmark OG30YL 176,784 596 0 58
*JR1BVP 12 3 0 2 OZ1LO 563,530 893 34 75 *OH5TS 75,388 303 0 47 Iceland
Puerto Rico *JG5JXW 8 4 0 1 *OZ1AAR 180,000 567 9 51 OH1MA 62,370 203 7 47 *TF3EO 23,800 135 0 34
KP3MM 778,848 1030 52 62 *JF1OPO 6 3 0 1 OU2V 177,576 601 9 47 OH2BJ 54,950 300 0 35
*KP4MD 630 18 7 0 *JE1ILP 2 1 0 1 *OZ8SW 54,692 239 2 42 OH1LAR 50,267 222 2 41 Ireland
*OZ7BQ 36,080 171 0 41 *OH5C 19,680 118 0 32 EI5DI 1,014,328 1366 45 73
St. Lucia Kazakhstan *OZ5UR 10,017 76 0 27 OH3WW 12,644 83 0 29 EI7KD 341,352 673 30 58
*J68HZ 102,480 193 40 44 UN9L 1,201,612 1410 12 80 *OZ5DX 4,410 42 0 21 *OH1MAR 10,292 63 0 31
*UN7CN 121,334 344 0 38 *OH7LZB 3,791 47 0 17 Italy
U.S. Virgin Islands *UN7LDR 15,542 98 0 19 *OH5MQ 2,512 32 0 16 IK3SWB 136,409 248 26 65
NP2P 1,523,162 1510 57 82 *UN6G 231 13 0 3 England IK2AOO 79,000 315 3 47
G5U 265,032 611 23 58 OH8CW 1,524 29 0 12
KP2M 1,448,912 1467 57 80 *IV3EAD 66,493 276 1 48
NP2J 1,322,752 1494 56 72 Kyrgyzstan G3T 137,034 357 17 52 *IZ2FLX 54,755 235 0 47
*EX8MJ 39,725 135 0 35 *G2X 97,008 404 1 46 France IK2AHB 42,978 224 0 39
G3VYI 53,922 246 1 42 F5PBM 104,391 307 12 51 IZ2EWR 25,160 121 1 39
AFRICA Mongolia G4AFJ 35,966 142 5 44 *F5PLC 49,900 190 2 48 *I6FDJ 16,414 114 0 29
Canary Islands *JT1BV 11,688 64 0 24 *MØSAR 32,382 155 4 38 *F5SGI 2,380 27 0 17 *IZ5WTV 12,369 81 0 31
EA8/EA4BQ 649,143 663 39 60 *G4FEV 31,752 177 1 35 *F1MLN 970 20 0 10
*IK6BAK 10,695 70 0 31
*EA8BQM 6,480 35 4 16 Republic Korea *M3X 31,122 162 0 39
*IK0EIE 9,006 42 0 38
*EA8CN 3,375 24 5 10 DS2JJV 22,368 144 0 24 *G4DDL 23,380 137 0 35 Germany *IW1CBG 3,232 44 0 16
*EA8TH 312 7 0 6 DS3HWS 16,236 69 8 25 *MØMPM 21,235 141 0 31 DL1AUZ 903,540 1462 42 69 *IK2IKW 2,688 36 0 16
*EA8DHV 164 9 0 4 HL2WA 1,791 34 1 8 MØWLF 14,518 88 0 34 DF9LJ 706,414 1198 34 73 *IU5ICR 2,512 32 0 16
HL4CEL 1,173 80 0 3 *G3ZRJ 13,497 77 1 32 DL5SE 409,590 975 23 59
*MØORH 12,180 88 0 28 IW5DPF 2,074 17 0 17
Cape Verde *HL2CFY 465 19 0 5 DK6XZ 341,360 865 23 57 *IZ5IOS 1,445 15 2 15
D4C 1,358,012 1178 49 67 *HL4CFN 78 9 0 2 G3TDH 9,800 73 0 28 *DL6KWN 321,925 837 16 63
*G3WCB 3,960 45 0 20 *IK2SYK 666 16 0 9
*DK5DQ 274,536 650 22 60 *I4JEE 650 12 0 10
Cueta & Melilla Thailand *G4BEE 2,788 37 0 17 *DL4TJ 213,638 595 18 56
*G1SCT 660 15 0 10 *IZ1ANU 1 1 0 0
EA9/DL2JRM 1,099,082 1093 32 69 *HS6MYW 24 3 0 2 DKØTP 207,144 456 24 60
*DK3YD 128,370 506 4 51 Kaliningrad
Madeira Islands Uzbekistan European Russia *DL3RHN 112,360 445 6 47 *RN2FQ 14,610 97 0 30
CR3W 2,272,064 1741 51 80 UK7AL 101,850 256 0 42 R7NW 978,588 1351 30 93 *DF1DT 98,448 360 5 51 *UA2FBQ 4,503 48 0 19
RA3XM 489,552 972 22 72 *DQØZ 97,570 381 7 48
Tunisia RU3UR 448,154 842 24 74 *DL4ZA 95,872 348 8 48 Latvia
*3V8SF 956,970 1031 28 65 EUROPE RN1A 385,360 903 20 60 *DL4DZ 88,938 341 7 47 YL2GM 233,024 689 4 60
Andorra R3ST 329,751 799 15 66 DL5IAH 86,516 461 1 42 YL2EM 140,085 476 3 52
OHØR 1,056,438 1583 37 77 R3FX 309,463 804 6 71 *DJ2IA 80,478 333 2 49 *YL5W 93,869 422 0 43
ASIA RD4F 264,180 700 5 69 *DL5CL 77,880 273 8 52 YL2EA 47,800 232 0 40
Asiatic Russia Austria UD4C 212,184 676 2 61 *DL5YL 74,676 397 0 42 *YL2PP 6,160 50 0 22
R8WF 726,732 973 7 74 OE2BZL 273,632 768 11 57 RA1AL 209,950 649 1 64 *DJ6TK 73,536 211 11 53
RT9A 690,074 954 8 69 *OE2E 89,440 335 0 52 RZ3MM 205,969 715 3 56 *DH7TNO 69,930 349 1 44 Lithuania
RA9MA 373,503 681 0 61 *OE6CUD 57,276 260 0 43 *RT3K 174,000 601 3 57 *DL6ZB 68,748 250 2 49 LY7Z 1,297,032 1658 45 87
R9DX 195,316 492 0 44 *OE1CIW 25,410 143 0 35 RM6Y 141,596 566 4 48 *DL6IAK 68,172 407 0 38 *LY4L 545,776 1154 20 68
*UA9QM 160,816 387 0 46 *OE8MOS 10,440 72 0 29 *RU4I 132,096 559 0 48 DL3AO 67,730 174 8 57 LY4T 494,019 1150 14 67
*RA9CCK 114,504 333 0 39 *RN3KK 128,775 517 1 50 *DL8DWW 61,965 242 5 46 *LY9A 323,068 914 9 59
RØNN 90,597 352 3 36 Balearic Islands *UA1CUR 120,246 500 2 47 DL7VMM 61,292 293 0 44 LY9Y 298,935 785 10 63
RM9M 74,999 236 0 37 EA6SX 119,568 431 3 50 R3OM 117,404 506 2 47 DL9GFB 53,280 252 0 45 LY2BVB 269,344 640 12 64
*UI8C 53,400 214 0 30 EA6NP 820 10 0 10 *RN5AA 116,450 492 2 48 *DD7NT 52,900 234 1 45 *LY3KI 237,735 541 9 72
*RØWC 50,368 203 0 32 *EC6DX 423 10 0 9 RK7X 110,484 420 0 54 *DD2CW 50,666 207 0 49 *LY5XX 187,833 723 4 47
*RJ9M 44,440 125 0 40 *EA6ZS 245 7 0 7 *RA6FYL 108,250 441 0 50 *DL3ARM 44,967 251 0 39 *LY7W 109,788 528 1 41
RKØUN 32,220 143 4 32 *RT4P 103,827 400 0 53 DL1VDL 44,298 193 0 46 *LY3DA 100,800 453 0 45
R9OK 24,955 111 0 31 Belarus UA4K 93,196 403 0 46 DJ7OQ 43,900 157 5 45 *LY2OM 68,224 332 0 41
RW9WT 19,359 82 0 27 EW1I 400,932 885 15 69 *RA1WZ 88,219 387 0 47 *DL1HSI 43,638 226 0 42 *LY2N 21,024 124 0 36
*RT9YA 17,138 103 0 22 EW2A 256,244 852 0 58 *UA6AUA 87,006 342 0 51 *DL2ZA 41,652 244 0 39 LY1WR 15,405 68 0 39
*UA9ADG 16,416 58 0 32 EW3LN 151,038 534 2 52 R4MM 84,105 374 0 45 *DK6OR 40,905 177 0 45
*R8MB 13,050 115 0 15 *EW2ES 132,296 565 0 46 RN4W 82,532 357 0 47 *DL4JU 40,291 197 0 43 Luxembourg
RDØL 10,488 56 0 23 EW8OM 90,680 438 0 40 *UA6AX 81,488 384 0 44 *DKØMN 38,950 230 0 38 *LX75V 91,891 418 0 43
*RUØSN 9,425 55 0 25 *EW1TO 82,368 415 0 39 R1NW 77,616 335 1 47 *DL2LSM 38,786 190 3 40
*R9QQ 6,195 55 0 15 *EU8N 66,276 307 0 42 *R7KX 76,884 381 0 43 DK3AX 38,228 218 0 38 Moldova
*UAØLCZ 2,222 31 5 6 *EU1FQ 64,974 238 0 51 *RM7C 73,542 377 0 42 *DO4OD 38,227 188 2 41 *ER5DX 66,664 228 0 52
*RZ9P 1,712 41 0 8 *EU8U 33,004 169 0 37 UA6JQ 72,240 294 0 48 *DM5JBN 37,842 196 0 42 *ER2OZ 990 15 0 11
R9TO 1,664 24 0 8 *EU1LR 21,510 142 0 30 R3OQ 68,754 334 1 41 *DFØBV 37,596 213 0 39
*EW7DK 1,358 19 0 14 UA4PAQ 68,006 385 0 37 *DL3HAA 36,660 204 0 39 Montenegro
China *RC7B 66,192 279 1 47 *DK7GH 33,292 177 0 41
*BD7OB 5,680 38 2 18 Bosnia-Herzegovina *4O3A 502,980 1131 15 68
RA4HPI 65,550 186 1 56 *DL7YAD 32,706 141 2 44
*BG1WNU 476 25 0 4 *E79D 162,864 586 0 54 *R1CK 64,848 309 0 42 DF6PB 26,875 116 0 43
*BD7JNA 468 23 0 4 *E74UK 148,115 517 0 55 Netherlands
*RA6GW 63,357 261 0 49 *DF7CB 25,632 178 0 32
*BH6KWC 10 2 0 1 *PE2JMR 55,522 234 3 43
*RA3YDA 62,780 292 0 43 *DJ3TU 25,375 156 0 35
*BA4QO 5 1 0 1 Bulgaria *PAØTCA 32,718 153 4 37
RW4HD 61,147 242 0 47 *DK5SF 24,928 132 0 41
LZ1YE 276,780 740 10 60 *R2UZ 61,060 292 0 43 *PAØMIR 23,142 118 0 38
*DM3BN 24,645 70 6 47 *PAØVDV 22,200 147 0 30
India LZ5N 75,208 247 6 50 *UA4FER 58,292 320 0 38 DK6CQ 24,552 137 0 36
*VU2BGS 1,850 20 0 10 R5AK 56,452 249 0 44 *PA4EL 18,864 66 6 42
*DK4YJ 23,397 164 0 33 *PA8KW 17,344 110 0 32
Crete *RQ4F 56,400 217 0 50 *DL2FQ 22,608 134 0 36
Japan *SV9MBH 12,506 92 0 26 *RU6CO 48,547 232 1 42 *PA3GVI 4,332 48 0 19
*DL1DWW 22,017 110 0 41 *PA3JB 900 19 0 10
JH4UYB 521,248 690 30 61 *RK4R 48,222 259 0 38 *DK1LRS 20,640 101 1 39
JA6BZI 96,690 223 13 42 Croatia RJ3A 47,320 245 0 40 *DL5SDN 19,912 116 0 38
JA7ACM 60,368 165 12 37 9A2AJ 728,178 1284 24 78 RK3LC 45,948 215 1 41 North Macedonia
*DLØAVH 18,000 108 0 36 *Z3ØA 7,800 78 0 20
JK1OLT 46,665 145 12 33 *9A1AA 367,567 989 9 62 *RU6AI 45,240 140 7 51 *DL1GWS 17,760 128 0 32
JA7QVI 38,070 88 14 33 *9A3SM 112,812 435 0 51 *UA3DCE 44,640 233 0 40 *DH6YAG 16,625 100 2 33
JR2PMT 34,390 124 10 28 *9A3PM 99,984 410 0 48 *RX3VF 41,755 260 0 35 Northern Ireland
*DL6RBH 15,624 113 0 31 *MI5K 295,301 464 36 67
JH6QFJ 33,841 93 11 32 *9A2JK 5,175 38 2 23 RA3NC 41,218 231 0 37 *DL1DQJ 15,572 97 0 34
JA6ELV 31,707 115 10 29 *9A4W 488 14 0 8 *UA3RBR 39,814 244 0 34 *GI5NI 26,460 118 3 39
DL7LX 14,058 81 3 30
*JA6GCE 31,413 161 8 29 *RN4ZT 39,000 204 0 39 *DL7RV 14,010 93 0 30
JA6LCJ 30,765 102 3 32 Czech Republic R6HV 37,536 247 3 31 Norway
*DF3IS 13,984 90 0 32 LB6GG 326,040 915 16 50
JR1IJV 25,789 84 10 27 OK6W 1,516,020 1850 44 88 *RK4S 37,222 201 0 37 *DL8ZU 13,800 98 0 30
*JA7KPI 25,095 88 11 24 OK1HFP 424,745 925 19 66 *R2PU 34,400 220 0 32 *LA9XGA 280,000 819 14 50
*DL1KVN 13,792 93 0 32 *LB4UH 237,864 658 8 60
JA6FFK 23,265 95 6 27 *OK7Y 382,120 868 20 62 *RU3WR 31,968 213 0 32 *DG7EE 13,662 83 0 33
JA8DNV 23,010 68 12 27 OK8AU 373,312 950 15 61 *UA1F 31,598 181 0 37 LC5W 99,720 306 8 52
DK3GI 13,543 98 0 29 *LA2XNA 32,523 174 0 37
JI1AVY 22,630 113 7 24 OK1OA 333,600 858 17 58 *RA3XCZ 29,920 182 0 34 *DL3DRN 13,250 118 0 25
*JE1SPY 22,120 152 9 19 OK1AUC 294,579 814 14 57 UA6AH 28,786 152 0 37 LAØFA 29,986 80 3 55
*DL2GPK 12,488 101 0 28 *LA6DW 8,004 72 0 23
JR3KQJ 18,645 64 7 26 OK1KPU 264,880 979 4 51 *RV3YR 26,169 172 0 33 *DL1DWR 12,270 83 0 30
JH2KKW 13,025 88 9 16 *OK1YM 253,704 828 8 54 *UA6HFI 25,534 150 0 34 *LA/DL4HCF 10 1 0 2
*DJ3CS 11,340 96 0 27
JA4OPW 12,350 79 9 17 *OL5Y 196,106 622 11 51 *RN1CW 23,940 106 2 40 *DL6MFK 10,266 69 0 29
JG3LGD 12,168 79 3 23 OK2EQ 193,675 624 6 55 *UA4PRU 22,250 182 0 25 Poland
*DL1RPR 10,071 83 0 27 SP2LNW 493,458 958 23 70
JA1LZR 11,284 50 12 16 *OK6N 179,096 578 8 53 *R2VM 17,434 158 0 23 DJ8QA 9,802 76 0 26
JA9FHB 11,250 50 9 16 *OK1DKR 164,862 612 0 54 RC2A 17,320 74 0 40 SP4BEU 302,936 756 14 62
*DH7AMF 8,275 72 0 25 SN9C 253,624 897 4 52
JI4WHS 10,534 98 11 12 *OK2MBP 156,927 630 4 47 UA1CGS 17,244 84 2 34 *DF4HA 8,208 65 0 27
JA3IBU 10,396 63 10 13 *OK2BYH 152,728 404 12 56 RN3P 16,512 103 0 32 SP5AUC 250,452 920 0 54
*DJ5AM 7,436 61 0 26 *SO3O 204,875 741 0 55
JF1RYU 9,480 47 4 20 OK1DWF 149,124 598 1 50 *UA3YDI 15,990 136 0 26 *DK2AMS 6,994 57 0 26 *SP3JUN 173,179 560 8 53
*JA7BEW 9,093 76 4 17 *OK2VWB 148,070 429 11 54 *RX3MM 15,808 123 0 26 DKØSU 6,720 58 0 24 *SP2TMT 163,444 549 1 57
*JF2VAX 8,274 73 9 12 OK1EP 142,241 376 15 52 *RA4HL 15,475 126 0 25 *DB8AH 6,578 62 0 23 *SQ3WW 160,455 550 6 51
JA1JAT 8,088 41 9 15 *OK1FGD 125,190 568 1 44 *RV3ZN 14,370 91 0 30 *DM3ZF 5,460 30 0 26 *SP3VT 138,006 533 5 46
JE2OTM 6,864 39 6 16 *OK8AW 117,404 484 2 47 *RC5Z 13,122 100 0 27 *DD2EG 5,270 68 0 17 *SP6IHE 137,769 471 5 52
JA4CZM 5,800 37 2 18 OK1XC 107,830 542 0 41 *RT4O 12,478 162 0 17 *DL4JLM 4,977 55 0 21 SP3HLM 90,757 376 1 46
JA1IXY 5,405 28 4 19 *OLØA 107,408 454 0 49 *UA6AIR 11,781 59 0 33
JL4DJM 4,875 43 0 15 *OK2QX 101,552 475 0 44 *DL8ULO 4,708 47 0 22 *SP8HWM 84,880 427 0 40
*RM2P 11,613 130 0 21
*JF2FIU 4,592 65 2 12 OK1AXB 98,118 434 0 46 DP7A 4,158 40 0 22 *SQ9I 66,994 307 0 43
*R7NA 10,385 57 1 30
*JK1LSE 4,275 75 1 14 *OK1MMN 97,848 360 6 48 *DL6EZ 4,080 45 0 20 *SP2GCE 62,760 324 0 40
*RK4NB 9,861 108 0 19
JA1PIG 3,960 27 9 9 *OK1MAW 91,227 392 0 47 *DF2FM 2,750 28 0 22 SP6AEG 62,586 216 8 46
*R2AHS 8,802 66 0 27
*JF2WXS 3,264 20 6 11 *OK1DWQ 89,433 290 9 48 *DL8KFO 2,509 47 0 13 *SP9FMP 60,944 228 1 51
*R3SV 8,670 46 0 34
*JH2GZY 2,170 19 5 9 *OK2LF 87,984 390 0 47 *DL8ULF 1,890 26 0 15 *SP2GUB 44,536 235 0 38
*R4RM 8,400 100 0 16
*JR2ALA 2,140 47 0 10 OK1P 83,970 372 2 43 *R6BT 8,274 86 0 21 *DL8WJM 1,856 25 0 16 *SP3AMO 39,220 223 0 37
*JR6CSY 2,100 55 1 9 OK1PI 73,986 223 16 41 *UA1OM 7,680 50 0 30 *DH8MS 1,368 27 0 12 *SP9GFI 39,200 226 0 35
JH1HDT 1,800 13 2 13 *OK2SGY 69,388 333 0 44 *UA3GDU 5,670 58 0 21 *DL9MFY 1,235 19 0 13 *SP9ENV 32,893 187 0 37
JQ1CIV 1,450 19 0 10 *OK2BRQ 65,188 313 1 42 *UA4FDL 5,010 76 0 15 *DL3HR 510 12 0 10 SN5V 30,155 166 0 37
JA6BWH 1,330 25 1 9 *OK2PBG 62,604 267 3 44 *RQ7R 3,961 51 0 17 *DC1UH 441 15 0 7 *HF5WIM 25,760 150 0 35
*JA1EMQ 1,320 14 7 3 OK1KTI 60,764 279 0 44 *RA3VE 2,128 36 0 14 *DL2VN 329 10 0 7 *SN8U 22,736 175 0 28
*JK8PBO 984 32 1 7 *OK1GS 58,040 302 0 40 RU3SD 1,455 13 3 12 *DJ2MX 246 10 0 6 *SP1KV 21,504 96 0 42
*JA6GPR 945 15 0 9 *OK2BRS 56,320 295 0 40 *RM2R 1,099 27 0 7 *DL2JST 68 4 0 4 *SP3JIA 19,000 97 1 37
JR2UBS 920 12 0 8 *OK1LO 48,551 209 1 46 *RA3SS 900 9 3 7 SQ7NSN 17,290 81 0 38
JA1AYO 720 21 0 8 *OK2BOB 44,075 218 1 40 *RA6WF 630 25 0 6 Greece *SP1DMD 14,252 106 0 28
*JN1MSO 700 32 1 6 *OK2DIK 35,360 180 0 40 *R2PT 600 8 1 7 *SV3AWG 23,065 127 0 35 *SP9DTE 8,970 80 0 23
JI1FOE 600 36 1 5 *OK1FU 32,523 187 0 37 *RX6AOB 305 13 0 5 *SV1CKZ 13,167 74 0 33 *SP8FB 8,130 49 0 30
*JH4CES 558 14 0 9 *OK1DOZ 26,432 181 0 32 *UB5MBA 222 25 0 3 *SV1CEI 1,806 22 0 14 *SP9BRP 7,340 80 0 20
*JH9CEN 420 22 0 6 *OK2ABU 24,854 151 0 34 *UC5D 14 2 0 2 *SV2RZJ 5 1 0 1 *SP5GDY 5,200 55 0 20
*JA2AXB 300 7 0 6 *OK7T 23,562 145 0 34 R7KW 10 1 0 1 *SP5BYC 4,096 53 0 16
*JH2XQY 300 7 0 6 *OK1DPU 20,181 131 0 31 *RK7KO 10 1 0 1 Guernsey *SP4AAZ 3,587 44 0 17
*JH8DHV 270 10 0 6 *OK6TW 17,545 131 0 29 *R1ZM 6 3 0 1 *MU2K 574,752 1083 27 69 SP2EFU 1,232 14 0 11

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP $XJXVW ‡ &4‡ 


SP2Y 1,210 11 0 11 *UT1IR 69,137 292 0 47 PENNSYLVANIA RM5O 27,027 165 0 33 *K3IB 5,133 75 27 2
SP1JQJ 650 12 0 10 *UR6QS 66,680 341 0 40 K2XR 75,003 412 49 20 R4ZZ 18,096 154 0 26 WV1M 3,300 50 23 2
UY3AW 61,899 252 0 47 W3RGA 1,106 35 14 0 UA3WF 15,800 129 0 25 W1UK 1,605 17 5 10
Portugal *UT5UIA 60,876 190 12 45 KZ3I 858 39 11 0 RA3DJA 5,022 60 0 18 *W1TJL 90 6 6 0
CR6K 904,818 1201 46 68 *UW5Q 60,438 295 0 42
*CT2JXU 90,720 204 25 45 *UR8GX 57,076 309 0 38 FLORIDA Germany MAINE
*UT4RZ 56,406 275 0 42 K3TW 19,366 180 39 7 DK7HA 290,958 849 12 59 K1A 1,010,152 1363 58 85
Romania UR4IZ 56,082 286 0 39 KQ4KX 2,550 37 19 6 DK1VD 94,230 371 6 48 K1JB 107,624 341 47 41
YO5AJR 247,616 902 2 51 *UR4CW 49,404 211 0 46 DM2DZM 44,954 280 0 38 *W1DYJ 34,320 208 33 22
YO9RIJ 174,648 590 5 52 *UTØCK 47,249 274 0 37 KENTUCKY DM3F 16,616 115 0 31
*YO8DOH 148,272 596 0 48 UT3UV 38,776 216 0 37 K4TO 6,141 32 0 23 DL6UKL 11,128 89 0 26 MASSACHUSETTS
*YO8WW 134,046 375 6 60 *UY2ZZ 35,388 196 0 36 DJ8OG 5,964 63 0 21 W1UE 1,044,669 1440 58 83
*YO8BSE 90,800 348 0 50 UR3UW 33,462 174 2 37 NORTH CAROLINA DJ3GE 4,522 59 0 19 W1GD 229,944 514 49 55
*YO2CEQ 82,224 335 0 48 US3LX 33,300 188 0 36 N3CZ 65,670 396 49 17 DL7UKT 2,512 35 0 16 AA1ON 208,969 641 52 49
YO6FNA 80,950 312 2 48 *UT7IA 31,349 120 3 44 WB4MSG 30,438 197 44 13 DL6GCE 1,199 26 0 11 W1HIS 91,087 365 45 34
*YO7ARZ 76,130 326 0 46 *UR3GO 29,790 220 0 30 DD7CW 847 19 0 11 N1RR 89,872 218 34 48
*YO8BDQ 70,110 304 0 45 UT9EZ 28,342 153 0 37 VIRGINIA DL2LDE 820 19 0 10 W1TC 82,119 197 47 46
*YO5DAS 47,151 242 0 39 UR5R 25,710 173 0 30 KI4IO 16,605 174 34 7 DO7CX 14 2 0 2 AK1MD 54,188 246 45 31
*YO5BIM 35,364 167 0 42 UT5UGQ 24,832 153 0 32 WJ1R 49,713 155 36 37
*YO4SI 21,930 126 0 34 *UT5EPP 22,876 173 0 28 NEW MEXICO Finland K1RV 47,630 367 46 9
*YO6DBL 18,306 135 0 27 *UT1KT 20,239 104 0 37 AC5BX 60 6 5 0 OH3KQ 53,391 291 0 37 AA1V 45,333 118 30 43
*YO4RST 14,040 117 0 24 *US5ABI 17,888 136 0 26 W1TO 32,193 261 39 10
UT3QU 16,480 54 11 21 OKLAHOMA Hungary K1DJ 31,625 197 37 18
Scotland UR5AO 15,408 81 0 36 WG5F 1,596 35 19 2 HA8BE 216,794 690 4 57 KB1W 25,056 170 31 17
GM3POI 444,136 866 32 56 UY2UR 15,400 82 0 35 HA1TI 71,190 342 0 42 *K1XM 6,448 99 22 4
GM4Z 310,343 591 33 56 *UY5TE 14,904 134 0 24 CALIFORNIA HA7JQK 13,338 104 0 26
MMØZBH 193,968 485 17 55 *UT8IT 14,610 95 0 30 K2GMY 1,078 49 11 0 NEW HAMPSHIRE
*MM1E 103,510 363 9 46 *UT7MR 14,472 122 0 24 W6MZ 972 35 11 1 Italy K1RX 452,271 836 54 69
*MM3T 27,580 156 0 35 *US6CQ 13,300 102 0 28 IZ3NVR 18,208 115 0 32 WX1S 201,712 329 44 68
*UX8IA 12,644 80 0 29 ARIZONA IZ3QCH 12,905 90 0 29 NF1O 76,960 310 46 34
Serbia *UX2HB 10,920 84 0 28 KX6X 2,877 64 19 2 IZØORT 11,088 80 0 28 K1KA 61,712 228 43 33
*YT4T 185,252 614 5 53 *UT7KF 9,792 52 0 34 N6HI 8 2 2 0 IK1XPK 10,948 81 0 28 NE1B 55,683 280 46 23
YT5R 19,437 114 0 33 *UT5IZ 6,405 100 0 15 *W1LJD 32,292 255 45 7
UY5ZZ 4,704 33 0 24 OREGON Kaliningrad K1QX 18,524 138 31 13
Sicily *UR3QTN 2,769 49 0 13 KF7WNS 1,391 45 12 1 UD2F 46,472 249 0 37 *AE1T 8,642 125 27 2
*IT9VJO 37,392 177 1 40 *UT7EL 2,295 16 0 17 R2FI 13,166 92 0 29 NE1F 64 4 3 1
*UY5OO 1,792 16 1 15 MICHIGAN RA2FB 12,216 100 0 24
Slovak Republic W8GP 67,555 500 50 9 RU2F 6,912 78 0 18 VERMONT
OM7RU 778,146 1303 30 76 Vienna Intl. Ctr. K2YAZ 35,370 280 50 4 W1SJ 216,936 854 53 39
OM5CD 499,668 1208 12 66 *4U1A 233,700 788 1 56 Latvia AA1SU 60,417 386 49 14
OMØWR 313,920 825 10 62 OHIO YL2QN 232,532 723 6 55
*OM2XA 307,512 784 14 58 Wales K8ZT 39,648 274 48 11 NEW JERSEY
OM3IAG 290,675 707 13 64 GWØFZY 27,830 90 16 30 KD8CGH 6,572 94 31 0 Lithuania N2NT 670,020 1086 55 75
*OM3ZWA 258,552 886 3 54 *GW4TSG 1,105 17 0 13 KC9LA 5,363 66 29 2 LY5E 388,275 990 14 61 K2RET 274,398 551 51 63
*OM5WW 234,684 857 2 52 W8PU 1,924 34 26 0 LY5G 93,456 429 0 44 N2MM 231,150 519 51 64
OM3CPF 228,060 692 10 53 AB8FJ 192 12 8 0 K3OX 158,100 468 51 51
OM6AL 219,735 744 3 54 OCEANIA Netherlands AB2E 130,767 351 47 44
OM3PA 197,813 481 14 63 Australia ILLINOIS PA3DAT 17,280 109 0 32 WA2FZB 102,726 460 45 33
*OM7AG 71,380 335 0 43 VK6LW 42,750 123 6 32 WB9AYW 2,369 47 23 0 W2TT 74,720 308 48 32
*OM7PY 70,266 280 2 47 VK3IO 10,656 52 6 18 North Macedonia *K2SDS 68,376 312 47 27
*OM2DT 53,397 195 0 51 *VK3MI 1,088 21 1 7 INDIANA Z39A 520 10 0 8 WO2T 65,100 289 42 33
*OM3CQ 43,329 227 0 39 VK2GR 448 8 2 5 N9SE 159,100 714 56 30 WW2Y 59,792 139 30 44
OM5VS 36,900 172 1 40 W9CC 20,610 198 41 4 Norway W2IRT 59,600 207 47 33
*OM4DU 35,682 191 0 38 East Malaysia LA8OKA 3,570 42 0 17 N2SR 38,927 171 37 30
*OM8VL 34,782 211 0 34 *9M6YBG 10 1 0 1 WISCONSIN W2LE 26,854 137 38 20
*OM3CDN 19,499 131 0 31 K9TY 15,386 132 46 3 Poland WR2G 20,784 163 38 10
*OM7AT 3,944 50 0 17 Hawaii KØCD 1,008 27 16 0 3ZØX 71,712 297 0 48 K2QPN 15,840 47 2 34
KH7A 595,894 733 54 28 SP9W 62,995 285 5 38 KC2LSD 13,182 127 32 7
Slovenia *KH6AQ 6,960 38 18 2 KANSAS SP3IOE 62,496 305 0 42 N1IBM 12,540 111 27 11
S53A 1,183,005 1535 43 84 WØYJT 5,814 81 33 1 SP2MHC 61,664 305 0 41 *KE2D 6,734 107 26 0
*S5ØX 239,223 665 13 56 Indonesia SP8D 1,417 23 0 13 *N2UU 6,396 104 24 2
*S53AR 143,744 429 12 52 *YB1TIA 1,507 28 0 11 MINNESOTA SP5ELA 690 16 0 10 N2CG 4,914 58 17 9
*S57NAW 119,168 410 5 51 *YC7YGR 80 7 0 4 KØPK 35,964 289 49 5 SP2HMY 5 1 0 1 K2CJ 4,325 50 19 6
S53JW 114,480 422 0 53 *YBØNSI 50 11 0 2 KEØTT 19,395 198 44 1 WX2S 40 2 0 2
*S58RU 45,756 234 0 41 *YC1COZ 44 13 0 4 W6GMT 136 7 8 0 Portugal
*YB1BA 40 10 0 2 CR6A 3,300 22 0 22 NEW YORK
Spain YB9UA 32 5 0 2 MISSOURI CT1DBS 195 7 0 5 N2CU 345,332 797 54 62
EA4KD 85,800 206 18 48 *YB1UUN 26 5 0 2 NØTT 130,950 732 56 19 AB3CX 268,800 741 55 57
EC3A 78,520 290 4 48 *YCØSAS 18 9 0 1 KKØU 27,979 263 46 3 Romania N2GC 263,235 623 53 62
*EA1JO 41,650 149 6 44 *YC1JCD 16 8 0 1 YP6C 86,802 366 0 46 W2GDJ 236,363 676 52 55
*EA5/RV2A 24,000 111 5 35 *YC1TJJ 12 6 0 1 CANADA YO2AQB 29,412 161 0 36 KB1EFS 188,697 767 53 40
*EA4IE 13,160 79 0 35 *YB3BGM 10 5 0 1 ONTARIO YO3GNF 17,736 148 0 24 N2RC 122,728 415 47 45
EA3OH 12,045 58 7 26 *YC2YIZ 8 4 0 1 VE3KQN 4,446 53 19 0 YO8RIX 7,014 71 0 21 N2NI 119,802 503 48 34
*EA4GOY 3,401 36 0 19 YE3AA 4 2 0 1 VA3RKM 343 11 7 0 YO4AAC 5,508 61 0 18 WA2CP 85,520 391 51 29
*EA1DFP 20 1 0 2 YB2VMC 2 1 0 1 AI2N 73,695 240 47 38
*YC9WOF 2 1 0 1 ALBERTA Scotland AA2GF 57,670 249 45 28
Sweden VE6EX 11,991 122 20 1 MM3AWD 38,098 175 0 43 K2QMF 43,558 164 26 32
SMØT 386,863 892 21 58 Tonga VE6LB 630 15 10 0 GM4M 34,476 204 0 34 *N2SO 41,520 274 47 13
SM4W 285,566 729 15 59 A35JP 630 9 6 1 N2SQW 38,744 251 45 13
SM5EPO 261,300 596 17 61 ASIA Serbia K2MK 34,162 185 42 16
SM2CEW 211,264 613 11 53 Asiantic Russia YU1LM 13,080 112 0 24 WA3AFS 32,294 128 41 26
SMØHRP 159,515 480 12 49 SOUTH AMERICA RM8Y 2,232 51 0 9 *K2YR 24,581 186 34 13
*SM6BZV 95,354 374 1 48 Argentina R9CX 64 4 0 2 Slovak Republic *W2LB 20,475 191 41 4
SM6IQD 70,012 298 2 44 LU8DPM 499,695 488 45 60 OM3WZ 50,320 253 0 40 *AC2RL 17,776 171 40 4
SM5CCE 65,394 306 1 41 LU5YF 6,888 31 8 20 Asiantic Turkey *W2VM 13,338 156 38 0
*SM5CSS 60,858 287 0 42 *LU6DOT 150 9 0 5 TA2TC 10 1 0 1 Slovenia *K1NY 5,908 86 25 3
*SE6K 26,220 177 0 30 *LU1II 30 2 0 3 S52P 207,309 728 4 53 *KB2URI 3,612 67 21 0
*SM5DXR 23,316 162 0 29 China S57M 205,261 690 7 52
*SM2OTU 18,600 120 0 31 Bonaire BG1REN 2,412 48 0 9 S55N 69,531 335 0 43 DELAWARE
*SE4E 14,225 114 0 25 PJ4A 1,474,667 1134 54 77 S53X 62,181 253 3 46 AA1K 979,104 1414 57 84
*SM5MX 11,304 93 0 24 Japan S58MU 26 5 0 2 NW3Y 336,980 741 54 62
SM5Q 7,840 53 1 27 Brazil JH1GNU 1,742 18 4 9 K3WI 302,842 734 53 53
*SM5LW 4,788 45 0 21 PY9MP 3,940 23 4 16 JA6WFM 1,146 67 0 6 Spain *N3TTT 5,180 57 20 8
*SE5L 2,983 32 0 19 *PP5VX 84 6 0 4 JH7UJU 350 28 0 5 EA2AZ 48,031 224 0 43
SM5ENX 225 5 1 4 *PU2USK 1 0 0 1 JK1TCV 300 7 2 3 EA5ICL 14,256 81 2 31 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
SM5LNE 10 1 0 1 *PU4YJS 1 -1 0 0 7K1CPT 156 23 0 3 EA2AFV 4,796 45 0 22 4U1WB 4,301 80 23 0
JR1NKN 18 9 0 1 EA5EX 135 6 0 5 *KE3X 3,618 62 24 3
Switzerland Ecuador JH1NXU 14 2 0 2
*HB9DDZ 23,712 78 0 52 HCØE 25,802 72 29 9 JA1GZK 12 6 0 1 Switzerland
MARYLAND
HB9FBG 145 6 0 5 *HC2AO 17,094 49 23 14 JK7DWD 2 1 0 1 HB9CPS 58,617 298 0 39
W3LL 615,657 1088 58 75
HB9AYZ 28,342 155 0 37
NA3M 520,044 1054 57 66
Ukraine Venezuela West Malaysia K3MM 484,266 703 56 73
UX2X 1,014,253 1593 33 74 YV1DIG 971,334 781 49 77 9M2CDX 2 1 0 1 Ukraine
N3QE 455,889 968 55 64
UT7NY 435,288 989 19 65 YV4ABR 4,883 28 9 10 UT1DX 141,804 521 0 54
K3AJ 438,712 721 55 67
UX1HW 352,968 791 17 67 UR5UJ 92,460 401 0 46
K3RA 283,856 682 52 61
*UX1UX 302,744 845 8 63 EUROPE UT4UBZ 71,016 339 0 44
K3ZU 219,600 346 48 72
US8UA 259,770 728 10 60 QRP Belarus UT5EOX 39,590 212 0 37
AB3CV 153,525 200 50 65
*UR8GZ 226,926 708 1 62 EU1AA 143,468 539 4 48 US5VX 26,908 187 0 31
*US6IKT 225,692 610 11 57 NORTH AMERICA EU6DX 26,877 173 0 31 UR5WIF 21,627 166 0 27
K3TN 138,795 398 47 48
N4ZR 134,046 393 49 50
*UT5UT 211,919 549 12 61 UNITED STATES UR6LAF 16,060 165 0 22
W3OU 122,123 346 49 48
*UR5MM 200,529 608 8 55 MAINE Croatia UT2EF 13,176 122 0 24
K3STX 107,548 347 47 45
UXØLL 192,984 554 11 55 KQ1P 1,232 35 14 0 9A5M 16,632 100 0 33 USØU 12,720 111 0 24
K3AU 89,216 353 48 34
*UR5F 190,588 725 1 52 W1CEK 624 17 12 0 9A4AA/MM 240 8 0 6 UX8IX 10,764 98 0 23
N3AM 69,576 251 40 38
UX3UW 180,897 712 2 49 US1UU 7,245 73 0 21
K1BZ 63,364 279 48 25
UT5VX 168,952 609 7 49 MASSACHUSETTS Czech Republic UV1IW 3,952 52 0 16
W3NRJ 38,528 203 39 25
*UR5KO 166,155 600 6 49 WB2CPU 12,002 153 30 4 OL4W 187,885 722 2 51 *NS3T 26,768 107 30 26
UZ1U 161,392 587 9 47 W1TW 4,788 69 26 2 OK1LL 164,800 680 0 50 Wales
W3ICM 26,455 152 45 20
*UY2UQ 120,604 569 0 44 W1UU 3,427 57 19 4 OK2PVX 67,804 292 1 45 GW4W 15,225 104 0 29
*WB8YYY 19,992 114 30 19
*UW4SU 119,328 497 0 48 OK2FD 45,881 225 0 43 N3XL 17,056 167 36 5
UZ5ZV 117,264 414 1 55 NEW HAMPSHIRE OK1GSB 27,520 184 0 32 WX3B 5,900 88 22 3
UX2MF 116,229 402 1 52 KN1H 7,112 103 26 2 OK1DU 648 18 0 9 OCEANIA
*UT3IA 113,787 487 2 45 Indonesia
*UT4EK 112,010 506 0 46 YC1HBP 4 2 0 1 PENNSYLVANIA
RHODE ISLAND England K3WW 826,344 1293 58 80
*UT2QQ 112,001 484 1 46 W1WBB 15,124 162 33 5 G5Q 111,872 338 9 55
*US1VM 107,550 492 0 45 KF3B 679,936 1107 55 73
MØHMJ 34,960 175 2 38 NY3A 674,652 1251 56 76
*UR7EC 107,000 418 0 50 NEW JERSEY 2EØFFT 810 18 0 9 ASSISTED AA3B 654,227 998 57 76
*UR5IRM 104,811 430 0 49 K2YG 7,801 115 28 1
UT7QF 99,855 296 0 63 K2AL 2,680 52 20 0 European Russia NORTH AMERICA N3RD
NN3Q
626,076 1068
539,532 1056
58
57
74
69
US7IA 94,820 432 0 44 W2JEK 1,800 57 17 1 RM5F 116,688 520 0 48 UNITED STATES W8FJ 488,243 782 56 77
UT1QQ 93,412 417 0 44 UA3DJG 56,278 307 0 38 CONNECTICUT K3MSB 326,480 736 55 55
*UY7RR 78,360 391 1 39 NEW YORK RT4W 51,127 250 0 41 W1CTN 102,671 421 49 34 NB3I 304,416 715 52 60
*UX3UV 77,727 418 0 39 N2WK 27,342 225 41 8 RU6MO 31,031 221 0 31 W1VT 23,828 220 40 6 K3MD 250,393 665 55 48
*US3IZ 75,235 375 0 41 WO2N 440 17 11 0 RW3AI 27,900 194 0 30 W1NK 9,360 55 23 17 WY3A 224,070 532 51 59

 ‡ &4 ‡$XJXVW 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


W3FV 218,463 561 51 50 K5UV 34,132 284 48 5 K9MMS 162,552 424 52 52 AFRICA Republic of Korea
WW3S 208,110 532 51 54 N5UM 32,025 205 47 14 K9XW 137,804 501 54 40 HL2VXK 23,328 139 4 23
K3WJV 194,194 797 54 37 K9NO 115,526 318 49 45 Canary Islands *HL3AMO 7,552 80 6 10
K3OO 158,304 294 37 59 TEXAS K9IUQ 114,205 335 48 43 EA8RM 262,504 304 27 61 *HL1VAU 1,780 33 1 9
*W3KB 153,024 409 50 46 N5RZ 396,060 1134 58 57 *K9CS 52,765 374 52 9 ED8M 243,786 302 23 59
K3PP 146,448 392 50 58 K5BG 190,183 561 53 48 *AB9YC 47,849 364 52 7 EA8TZ 5,300 27 1 19 Saudi Arabia
K3UA 140,490 451 49 41 K5NA 145,537 299 54 65 N2BJ 43,248 356 50 3 7Z1SJ 358,080 582 9 55
K3RL 106,893 210 52 59 K5KJ 124,614 574 55 31 *K9PG 40,820 178 42 23 Madeira Islands
W3FIZ 102,706 291 43 46 K5NZ 119,691 460 56 37 AI9T 39,813 199 47 22 *CQ3J 20,406 56 0 38 United Arab Emirates
*NJ3K 98,276 442 50 29 AD5A 108,158 459 50 32 *WA9LEY 37,620 270 47 10 *A65BB 6,600 34 0 22
NF3R 78,150 347 47 28 N5XZ 88,642 398 51 31 W9YK 35,300 310 47 3
K3FMQ 77,088 194 38 50 WØVX 34,928 234 43 16 *N7US 31,104 241 49 5 ASIA
KD3TB 66,456 245 43 35 N5XJ 32,835 244 45 10 *KG9IL 26,622 176 46 12 Afghanistan EUROPE
KB3Z 53,889 251 43 26 NQ6N 21,684 107 33 19 T6AA 158,515 346 0 49
KU2C 46,008 188 41 30 N5WNG 19,451 139 44 9 *KØPG 16,500 168 41 3 Austria
K6ND 41,544 154 38 34 W5PR 12,384 89 37 11 K9PY 14,828 140 41 3 OE8TED 514,848 984 22 71
AG3I 39,900 248 45 15 K5HTE 5,544 57 25 8 *WB8BZK 12,600 121 39 3 Asiatic Russia OE2S 416,841 707 27 76
N3RJ 31,955 197 39 16 *WBØTEV 3,706 50 32 2 *K9IJ 9,963 108 40 1 R8TT 811,680 966 15 74 OE1TKW 318,864 623 20 71
WØBR 31,080 174 43 17 *KE5LQ 3,190 49 26 3 RG9A 664,480 908 4 76 *OE6MMD 129,415 457 1 54
N3ZA 22,372 177 38 9 N5DD 742 17 12 2 INDIANA R9CW 616,140 956 0 70 *OE4VIE 126,624 514 0 48
W3WH 21,522 153 41 10 WT9U 178,293 597 56 47 RT9S 548,118 794 4 70 OE2LCM 119,621 435 4 49
W3EA 21,360 69 15 33 CALIFORNIA KK9V 76,674 246 46 32 RW9JZ 531,790 843 0 70 OE3KAB 18,690 102 0 35
WA3AAN 14,796 174 35 1 WD6T 120,360 524 54 31 W9PA 75,520 301 49 31 UC9A 493,794 842 0 63
*KN3A 8,070 108 27 3 W6DR 70,226 353 53 20 KR9U 51,430 164 41 33 UA9CTT 456,892 741 4 64 Baleric Islands
K3WGR 5,076 32 12 15 N6IE 69,509 348 51 20 KT9L 29,640 208 50 10 RØSR 419,832 687 2 70 EA6FO 959,523 1243 45 78
K6SRZ 51,813 276 42 15 N9DR 27,384 174 43 13 RK9UE 399,722 698 0 67
ALABAMA N6CW 40,832 244 39 19 *AE9LL 4,309 68 31 0 *UA9W 388,341 731 1 56
K6RC 38,114 239 45 14 Belarus
N2NL 334,278 691 54 72 RX9WN 369,880 706 0 56 EU1WW 1,203,300 1578 32 94
KR4F 211,258 599 53 53 N5ZO 30,840 193 48 12 WISCONSIN *UA9BA 311,740 523 2 63
NC6K 28,037 222 44 9 EU4A 710,976 1320 24 72
AB4B 118,176 307 48 48 WØAIH 523,404 1189 58 68 RK9AX 269,824 470 0 62 EW8R 448,232 935 17 69
KX4X 70,585 183 52 43 WE6Z 22,000 148 44 11 K9IMM 300,699 867 58 53 *UA9AX 203,775 416 0 55
KF6I 14,440 149 34 6 EU1A 343,570 714 15 71
W4RYW 67,040 240 49 31 NE9U 153,504 417 49 47 UAØSR 169,860 362 0 57 EU3A 298,551 644 14 69
W4UAL 49,840 239 46 24 N3RC 9,952 135 28 4 *W9XT 143,792 652 57 29 RK8I 150,430 360 0 49
K4CWW 34,272 207 47 16 AF6SA 3,668 50 23 5 *EU8R 151,850 578 0 50
WE9V 125,922 262 40 53 UA9R 141,660 355 0 45
K8KI 23,922 163 41 13 W6MOB 1,950 33 20 6 W9AV 119,760 557 55 25 EU3AA 125,952 356 9 55
RW9QA 130,254 298 0 51 EU8A 88,275 300 1 54
*K9YC 1,908 42 15 3 *N9CK 80,216 408 51 23
N6GEO 1,560 42 13 2 *R9MA 126,454 316 0 46 *EU4T 42,355 189 0 43
FLORIDA *WT9Q 74,580 540 50 10 *RU9AC 110,688 252 0 48
N4BP 478,728 1048 57 65 N6PM 1,312 26 11 5 W9RN 71,760 315 49 29
*WQ6X 1,001 44 11 0 *RA9MX 104,199 265 0 47 Belgium
N4EXA 374,604 835 55 69 *K9GS 32,547 233 49 8 *RA9AU 98,026 236 0 46
K5KG 313,408 716 53 65 W6KC 344 20 7 1 *N9UA 21,792 194 45 3 OR3A 865,530 1254 39 79
NE6I 5 1 0 1 *RW9DX 83,287 257 0 37 ON6NL 342,090 704 22 68
WO4O 276,424 704 49 60 NS9I 2,880 20 2 18 RT8U 83,006 234 7 42
WX4G 163,696 248 42 62 WI9WI 2,840 23 8 12 OQ5M 229,075 472 24 61
ARIZONA *R9HAG 67,377 224 0 37 ON6SAS 149,600 292 25 60
K3SV 138,944 291 50 54
K9OM 105,984 293 46 46 N7DD 482,632 1020 57 65 *RU9I 59,090 199 0 38 *ON5JT 58,440 289 1 39
COLORADO
KM4HI 81,012 262 45 41 WØRIC 215,919 778 56 43 KVØQ 693,328 1273 58 78 *RC9A 58,971 208 0 33 ON4LG 14,276 45 6 37
NN7CW 60,789 299 41 28 N7AT 157,505 640 53 32 KØRF 597,622 1219 58 73 RK9AY 58,378 188 0 34 *ON4TTT 11,795 61 3 32
K4QD 47,310 346 43 14 AB7E 142,560 545 53 37 WØMU 58,824 316 52 20 RUØA 50,901 133 0 47 *OO9O 750 15 0 10
AC2AC 32,067 134 35 28 WA7AN 108,320 533 54 26 K7TD 45,885 233 49 20 UA9TF 33,388 100 0 34
WS4Y 28,912 222 42 10 W6XI 102,600 342 50 40 WØLSD 10,750 96 39 4 *R9SS 32,942 146 0 26 Bosnia-Herzegovina
*AA4NP 14,852 128 38 9 *W7RH 79,200 378 51 24 RAØWU 28,594 144 0 29 *E7CW 529,438 1069 20 71
N4UU 13,508 110 33 11 K7FA 44,525 264 48 17 IOWA UA9LAO 20,502 152 0 18 *E77D 88,746 416 0 42
*K2SG 264 12 11 0 W7GES 37,944 217 45 17 WØFLS 238,875 640 53 52 UA9UX 17,475 104 0 25
*NØSMX 48 6 4 0 K7WP 23,100 190 41 9 W7II 94,860 236 52 41 RWØLT 10,752 50 1 23 Bulgaria
W6RW 19,581 107 46 15 NØAV 59,360 311 49 21 RAØSMS 10,080 85 0 20
K6LL 13,052 99 44 8 LZ2JE 791,545 1168 31 84
GEORGIA KDØZV 34,074 276 48 6 *R9LM 8,925 48 0 21 LZ3ZZ 197,820 626 2 58
AA5JF 49,206 349 45 14 N7RQ 13,000 80 40 12 RAØACM 7,950 46 0 25
*K7GA 9,789 103 33 6 *KEØIAT 7,720 79 35 5 LZ3FN 189,360 600 1 59
*N4TOL 24,450 208 43 7 UA9OC 7,224 46 0 21 *LZ2ZG 151,641 434 9 54
K4ZRJ 22,410 97 30 24 K3WYC 4,950 87 24 1 *R9AB 6,156 40 0 19
KANSAS LZ4A 49,392 224 0 42
*NI4Y 6,612 73 33 5 ACØC 387,435 983 57 58 *RF9C 3,822 20 0 21 *LZ5QZ 31,119 184 0 33
*K4VBM 2 1 1 0 IDAHO *RX9UK 2,024 25 0 11
KG7CW 183,222 749 55 32 KØAP 102,660 408 53 34
NSØR 97,838 568 52 19 RKØUT 1,608 53 0 8 Crete
KENTUCKY KØIP 10,879 106 39 4 RUØLL 1,358 38 0 7
ABØS 58,692 364 53 14 *SV9RGI 17,860 81 0 38
N4QS 276,533 717 54 55 *KØVBU 16,403 147 42 5 *UAØSE 252 15 0 4
MONTANA SV9COL 3,990 34 0 21
ND4Y 150,241 616 52 39 *RK9DO 135 9 0 3
K4FT 83,640 313 47 35 N7IP 69,993 319 52 25
MINNESOTA Croatia
KB4QZH 48,620 238 46 22 KØYR 99,840 463 53 27 Asiatic Turkey
NEVADA 9A3TR 1,264,128 1642 41 87
*K4FN 29,224 241 46 6 *WØSEI 53,820 339 54 11 *TA4SO 4,624 30 0 17
K7XC 54,384 277 48 18 9A4C 1,256,411 1658 41 86
*W4PF 7,920 92 33 3 *KIØF 34,858 249 52 6 9A5Y 1,230,656 1570 42 92
WBØN 33,984 225 47 12 China 9A3JB 521,904 1181 7 76
NORTH CAROLINA OREGON BA7QT 28,764 97 0 34
KA6BIM 177,177 676 54 23 *KØPC 11,817 132 39 0 *9A2NO 127,499 400 0 59
K2AV 709,800 1320 57 73 K4IU 9,538 115 37 1 *BD4SS 24,128 158 3 23
WJ2D 218,922 484 52 55 K4XU 88,627 396 54 23 *9A9R 62,452 230 2 50
KU1CW 85,085 436 49 16 *BH4TVU 6,875 120 0 11 *9A2R 33,856 138 2 44
*N4IJ 194,040 432 50 60 *BA5AB 3,424 27 0 16
N4YDU 145,606 486 50 44 KN7K 19,760 217 34 4 MISSOURI *9A2GA 29,610 144 0 42
WØTT 71,000 408 54 17 *BG4GOV 3,240 81 0 8 *9A9J 5,543 47 0 23
N4GU 98,784 263 46 50 *BG7IWZ 30 2 0 2
K1KK 34,038 176 41 20 UTAH *KØXM 26,510 217 52 3 *9A7ZZ 456 11 0 8
*K3TD 8,283 102 29 4 K7NJ 410,193 1015 59 60 NIØG 9,633 65 23 16
W7CXX 119,510 671 55 19 *WX5CW 2,430 48 27 0 Cyprus Czech Republic
N3ND 3,096 57 24 0 *5B/RN3QO 711,834 841 17 70
W7CT 105,120 498 53 19 OK1DX 635,688 985 35 74
K7UT 96,114 402 54 29 NORTH DAKOTA 5B6ØAIF 14,091 44 0 33 OK1CRM 545,864 1165 14 74
SOUTH CAROLINA *WØTUP 2,266 44 22 0
AA4V 353,760 797 54 66 NS7B 6,370 72 31 4 *OK2BFN 475,740 1006 24 66
Israel *OK1FPS 369,450 964 12 63
K4YYL 87,300 294 50 40 4Z5LY 225,981 462 1 50
W4MEL 26,106 177 43 14 WASHINGTON CANADA *OL6T 363,870 883 14 64
K7RL 80,580 349 53 26 NEW BRUNSWICK 4X1IM 42,688 140 0 32 OK1FPG 322,764 787 14 64
W6OAT 40,114 214 46 16 VE9AA 102,102 246 46 31 4Z4KX 26,356 64 2 42 OK1JR 282,816 770 13 59
TENNESSEE
AD4EB 426,878 1039 58 64 K7SS 37,449 215 44 13 *VE9ML 60,202 179 38 24 OK5ET 269,698 607 16 66
N7BV 37,164 267 47 10 Japan *OK1AY 181,598 627 5 53
K3IE 306,820 728 53 63 JH2FXK 312,243 416 31 56
N4VV 198,275 411 49 54 K7BTW 19,504 126 35 11 QUEBEC OLØW 175,088 555 2 60
*W7CD 14,491 102 34 9 VA2WA 1,191,360 1416 57 79 JE1BMJ 163,880 308 26 42 OK3M 122,094 428 5 52
AA4DD 153,648 411 51 46 JH7XMO 129,960 281 14 46
N4ZZ 59,414 408 46 15 KK7PW 7,260 92 26 4 VA2UR 240,657 445 47 50 OK1ATP 111,884 228 15 68
NR7RR 3,536 52 22 4 VA2AM 39,690 80 30 40 JE1CKA 115,904 269 24 40 *OK6DJ 69,322 305 0 46
N4NA 51,389 295 51 16 JR4OZR 74,888 229 7 39
*N4ARO 47,519 327 48 13 K7EG 2,204 32 15 4 VE2FK 6,992 71 23 0 OK1XV 52,680 151 11 49
N7EPD 798 21 13 1 *VE2GT 20 2 2 0 JA4CUU 66,198 151 12 39 *OK2DM 47,334 208 0 46
K3JWI 46,428 227 48 25 JF3LOP 53,415 176 10 35
K4AFE 18,411 138 40 11 OK2RU 28,954 71 5 57
MICHIGAN ONTARIO JN7FAH 43,475 118 12 35 *OK1SI 14,750 130 0 25
NS4X 10,728 130 32 4 JAØFVU 38,588 102 13 31
KC4NX 1,045 11 0 11 W8MJ 544,000 1303 58 67 VE3RZ 771,948 1144 57 66 *OK2HIJ 6,325 51 0 25
N8LJ 128,427 481 54 35 *VE3MGY 623,732 1019 57 59 JA6MWW 31,939 126 5 36 OK7X 1 -510 5 38
*KØACP 46,970 315 51 10 VE3NZ 268,560 680 54 26 JH4UTP 29,260 132 10 28
VIRGINIA *KE3K 33,496 263 47 6 JA5FDJ 24,846 73 10 31
N4RV 649,306 1203 57 76 VE3NE 233,844 596 49 29 Denmark
W8/UT5UDX 30,085 224 47 8 *VA3DF 218,500 429 51 44 JF2XGF 24,040 76 11 29
K4XL 581,406 1036 56 71 K8VT 23,904 215 43 5 *JG6JAV 21,793 129 8 23 OZØB 492,947 991 22 69
WS6X 439,125 870 56 69 VE3CV 206,141 373 50 51 OZ8AE 469,200 921 24 68
*NF8M 22,313 152 41 12 VE3MV 101,367 333 50 13 JA1XEC 20,825 63 9 26
W3IP 297,965 696 52 63 *K8GT 4,131 63 26 1 JHØKHR 20,340 67 12 24 OZ2TF 222,700 616 9 59
W4PK 263,304 646 51 55 *VE3VY 80,288 322 43 9 OU4N 120,543 303 13 56
W8PI 3,741 47 25 4 VE3NNT 52,828 231 40 7 JA1PTJ 19,285 71 11 18
N3UA 216,134 512 47 59 JH5MXB 18,150 65 9 24 *OZ4CG 87,600 358 2 46
N3CW 191,586 512 54 57 *VA3WB 50,784 218 39 9 OZ1NF 70,577 205 7 54
OHIO *VE3DS 24,435 122 41 4 JA9NFO 13,500 43 12 24
W3YY 183,261 490 51 60 K1LT 807,380 1375 58 82 *JA1SVP 12,905 64 10 19 OZ1HX 26,235 79 1 54
KE4S 176,027 411 50 53 *VE3XAT 22,270 137 31 3 OZ7DK 12,488 90 0 28
N8TR 324,632 630 56 68 JO7KMB 11,556 64 6 21
N3JT 161,095 502 51 50 W3HKK 274,716 726 56 61 VE3VHB 7,752 44 33 5 OZ4MD 4,032 21 1 20
*VA3PM 4,826 55 19 0 JHØGHZ 11,310 47 15 11
KG3V 114,312 302 44 44 ND8L 167,388 427 52 59 JA7GYP 9,875 46 10 15
N4CF 107,485 413 51 32 *K8BL 71,610 293 49 28 JE1DXC 8,734 54 7 15 England
*W4PM 75,663 474 45 18 *K8AJS 53,020 415 45 10 ALBERTA MX5A 1,438,490 1665 52 82
VE6WZ 548,352 857 57 62 JH1RFM 8,250 45 3 19
KA4RRU 66,171 292 45 24 KA8G 51,520 211 43 27 JR2AWS 6,460 80 5 12 G5W 1,249,560 1555 45 85
K5VIP 63,376 357 49 19 W8EH 39,650 219 41 20 VE6SV 541,688 841 59 60 G3TXF 1,169,797 1562 48 79
VE6TL 47,630 175 46 9 JM4WUZ 5,796 30 10 13
NX3A 45,864 332 44 12 *K4YJ 32,016 204 43 15 JH8GEU 4,944 45 3 13 G3UJE 859,050 1282 40 75
N6DW 45,085 180 42 29 N8IW 31,140 139 36 24 VE6KC 32,208 152 41 3 G4FAL 785,788 1073 44 80
VE5UA 9,765 35 0 31 JF7PHE 4,680 53 4 14
W4VIC 43,680 233 33 23 *K8LY 26,364 188 43 9 JA2HYD 4,658 40 0 17 G4BYG 708,852 1085 39 75
KA4CDN 37,504 196 45 19 *W8KNO 24,795 237 41 4 G3P 657,664 998 39 73
*N8VV 15,795 150 41 4 BRTISH COLUMBIA JN1BMX 3,840 30 9 7
AD4TJ 21,744 185 40 8 JH1OAI 3,800 22 6 13 M3A 613,440 966 37 71
KSØCW 14,036 127 35 9 N9RC 11,808 59 29 19 VE7ACN 119,826 376 48 15 G4RGK 564,100 997 33 67
*K8CR 4,572 45 30 6 VE7XT 24,790 137 31 6 *JA7ZP 3,072 27 2 14
W1IE 12,528 107 47 1 JA7MSQ 2,660 23 6 8 G3XTT 553,956 904 36 70
*N2QT 9,648 99 32 4 N8NB 4,320 31 20 12 VE7IO 3,555 50 14 1 G4PIQ 424,413 738 29 70
K8ALM 3,556 43 24 4 *VA7UI 1,224 29 9 0 JAØGCI 1,680 20 1 11
KG4W 5,664 28 2 22 JF1RPZ 1,390 39 2 8 G3SJJ 421,465 795 30 67
*AB4SF 495 24 11 0 *AA8SW 2,266 50 22 0
*AF8C 1,387 33 15 4 JG1LFR 594 24 1 5 GØBNR 369,559 627 28 73
*JK2VOC 564 60 0 4 G3OLB 262,861 566 30 53
ARKANSAS
NORTH AMERICA JO4CFV 402 13 1 5 *G3RLE 213,213 516 14 63
WEST VIRGINIA Alaska
W5KI 39,345 256 50 11 N3HEE 784,655 1284 57 82 *JE8KGH 345 16 0 5 G8AJM 199,122 476 15 62
K5RM 32,433 242 47 10 KL7SB 270,400 497 49 31 G6T 167,504 385 20 56
NW8U 164,016 372 49 53 JR4VEV 285 13 0 5
*JF2IWL 168 25 0 3 G4PVM 132,111 410 6 57
LOUISIANA Costa Rica JA1JYS 100 4 1 3 *M7V 124,272 322 14 58
ILLINOIS
W5WZ 20,240 114 38 17 KG9X 484,470 1109 58 68 TI7W 170,765 316 43 42 *JH6QIL 38 8 0 2 G3PHO 68,928 198 7 57
N9CO 457,454 959 58 69 *G4UJS 67,056 185 12 54
MISSISSIPPI K9NR 382,104 1033 57 59 Guatemala Kazakhstan G4DRS 34,822 146 1 45
W2GS 50,610 230 47 23 K9XD 328,782 1044 58 53 *TG9ADM 450 10 7 2 UP4L 668,100 944 1 74 G4DBW 32,550 123 0 50
N9LQ 207,684 546 57 51 *UN4Q 283,668 477 0 66 *M1X 28,840 174 0 35
OKLAHOMA ND9G 178,398 592 56 43 Mexico *UN7ZAF 80,094 219 0 42 M4J 24,012 132 2 34
W5TM 202,752 788 56 43 AC9S 164,208 664 55 33 XE2S 102,896 341 47 12 UN5J 14,680 95 0 20 *G3V 22,681 119 6 31

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP $XJXVW ‡ &4‡ 


*G3RKF 21,640 112 2 38 OH2XX 250,588 759 7 54 *DK2CC 43,381 182 3 44 Liechtenstein *YO6FGZ 69,160 341 0 40
*MØSQC 18,496 115 0 32 OH2BO 205,722 298 24 75 DJ9RR 43,332 191 0 46 HBØ/HB9LCW 205,200 486 17 59 YO9BPX 3,885 34 0 21
G4LPP 13,311 96 0 29 OH1F 203,931 613 3 60 DL1STG 39,216 163 0 48
GØDWV 8,036 47 0 28 OH1XX 186,533 271 26 77 *DL3OH 38,478 141 3 50 Lithuania Scotland
*G4NXG/M 6,168 52 0 24 OH1JD 165,540 504 1 61 *DL4SZB 37,990 123 3 55 LY4A 1,367,380 1638 45 95 MM2N 392,832 804 25 63
*MØMDX 2,736 34 0 18 OH1Z 111,153 305 7 60 *DL9NDW 37,620 184 0 45 LY7M 1,313,820 1610 43 92 GM3YEH 274,720 592 17 68
G3ZGC 200 5 1 4 OH3JR 99,153 261 3 66 *DJ1MM 37,398 164 1 45 LY2MM 959,484 1489 26 85
OH7MFO 74,677 266 0 53 DL8DBW 36,572 197 0 41 LY5W 681,590 1292 19 79 Serbia
Estonia OH7KBF 70,312 306 0 44 *DAØDOM 35,530 206 0 38 *LY4ZZ 525,976 1107 18 70 *YT8A 607,110 1031 21 84
ES5RY 610,812 1179 15 79 OH6DX 63,954 206 3 54 *DK8AX 35,505 156 0 45 LY2K 469,033 1066 15 68 *YU5R 436,020 928 21 65
*ESØDJ 292,629 784 10 59 OH6TN 31,710 141 2 40 *DF2LH 34,944 111 6 50 LY3BN 431,694 907 17 70 YT6T 432,341 869 21 70
*ES4NY 241,536 713 7 57 *OH2BFP 20,856 130 0 33 DK5JM 34,944 113 5 47 *LY2TS 390,000 993 10 65 YU7BW 249,200 663 13 57
ES3TI 99,123 318 6 51 *OH8WR 11,745 85 0 27 DLØWW 34,245 137 1 44 *LY3B 320,106 994 5 57 *YU6DX 247,390 733 8 57
ES1BH 25,160 143 0 34 DP6K 33,800 175 1 39
*DK1FT 33,516 173 0 42 LY7T 312,228 947 4 59 *YT5IVN 184,288 699 1 51
France *DL8ZAJ 32,554 170 0 41 LY2BKT 290,000 984 4 54 *YU5W 183,122 575 6 55
European Russia TM5EE 981,045 1332 44 73 LY5O 244,764 587 11 67 *YT1HA 127,200 467 0 53
UA5C 716,240 1172 26 86 DL5DBY 32,412 198 1 36
F6GCP 277,290 547 19 71 *DL5ALW 30,644 120 0 47 LY2OU 154,560 543 3 53 *YU7D 92,412 343 3 48
RM4F 632,854 1064 24 85 F4FFZ 191,596 463 15 61 LY5R 131,936 405 1 61 *YU1ED 82,302 376 0 43
R1DX 626,913 1112 20 87 *DL4FDI 29,785 177 0 37
F6EZV 145,665 420 5 60 *DL4SDW 27,720 125 1 43 *LY2DX 120,096 494 0 48 *YU1FG 50,740 229 0 43
UA1OMS 591,840 1138 11 85 TM4X 91,991 238 11 56 *DJ4MX 24,453 130 0 39 LY2AX 109,270 438 2 47 *YT5N 9,680 98 0 20
RA3W 541,911 1121 14 79 F5NBX 37,758 173 0 42 *DL1QQ 24,198 146 0 37 LY2CX 105,798 302 9 57
RV1CC 540,423 1098 17 76 *F5DRD 18,166 117 0 31 *DL4RCK 23,736 102 0 43 LY2FN 63,932 278 0 44 Sicily
RC3FL 487,458 915 23 79 *DM4MN 23,436 109 1 41 *LY1CT 56,832 312 0 37 *IT9RWB 107,818 239 17 57
RK3ER 471,060 1024 14 76 Germany *DL2OE 22,134 100 3 39 LY2MC 30,044 158 0 37 *IT9RZU 37,802 180 0 41
RG5A 431,431 888 15 76 DL7ON 1,050,400 1450 40 90 *DK6QW 22,040 129 0 38 LY2BAW 28,120 148 3 34
UB3A 414,792 986 8 76 DK6WL 1,005,576 1372 43 89 DF1HF 17,658 55 2 52 *LY5YY 16,678 116 0 31 Slovak Republic
*RL6M 413,402 909 18 68 DJ2YA 992,125 1353 43 82 DF5MA 17,204 102 0 34 OM7M 1,501,360 1744 46 94
R4KO 343,064 895 2 74 DQ4Q 912,022 1369 39 79 DL7UPN 17,000 54 2 48 Luxembourg OM3GI 967,954 1417 33 85
RK3DK 333,756 902 8 65 DL2SAX 735,423 1288 33 76 DK7MD 16,965 48 14 25 LX20I 1,479,226 1848 44 90 OM8AA 726,648 1287 26 76
RA6A 330,429 653 21 72 DL7URH 721,280 1149 38 77 DC2VE 15,136 105 0 32 LX1ER 75,530 207 6 59 OM7JG 581,210 1114 22 73
RA4FW 328,212 778 12 69 *DF1MM 654,656 1210 33 73 DF2TT 14,960 61 0 44 OM7LM 209,475 639 6 57
*UA5F 324,923 893 10 63 DK2OY 604,800 1167 27 73 *DK9TN 14,420 94 0 35 Moldova OM3BH 177,171 395 22 51
RT2D 321,750 869 10 65 DL6ZBN 566,485 1145 29 66 *DG1HXJ 13,172 73 0 37 ER4A 229,451 746 1 58 *OM7LW 157,829 641 0 49
R5DT 317,623 861 9 64 DL6MHW 558,054 1044 30 73 DJ1AA 11,550 50 0 42 *ER3DX 72,944 290 0 47 OM8LA 113,787 479 0 47
RD4A 312,206 839 5 69 DL4CF 549,814 1061 29 74 DKØAE 11,550 50 0 42
R3KM 302,952 736 5 73 DK3WW 521,586 828 34 83 DL5CW 10,263 48 8 25 Netherlands Slovenia
RA1QD 299,250 783 8 67 DL8UAT 514,995 1039 27 68 *DL6WA 10,115 56 0 35
DJ9AO 502,736 919 33 71 PA9M 741,762 982 42 84 S53O 1,261,362 1610 42 87
RW1C 260,700 889 1 59 DG8HJ 9,960 47 0 40 *PC3T 524,892 936 28 74 S5ØK 1,125,410 1483 43 87
R3AP 259,594 661 8 71 DJ5AN 499,296 795 37 75 *DM2XM 8,764 66 0 28
DL6FBL 474,331 714 41 66 *DL2GAN 8,372 71 0 26 PA5KT 416,097 713 36 63 S5ØG 1,028,960 1507 33 85
UA3QGT 256,425 680 10 65 PAØO 413,393 634 34 67 S57Q 890,880 1344 33 83
*UG4I 248,755 759 4 61 DK9IP 449,226 925 24 70 *DM8T 6,371 68 0 23
DL3DTH 436,914 1009 20 67 *DK8XX 5,000 40 0 25 PA3AAV 335,329 590 31 66 S52W 869,414 1305 37 82
RV3YM 224,332 650 9 59 PA3FQA 315,115 491 33 74 S56X 745,576 1243 30 77
DL8QS 400,257 801 28 71 *DL4DRW 4,940 41 0 26
*UA3MIF 219,240 800 0 56 DJ8QP 396,495 757 24 75 PA3C 242,154 416 29 70 S51YI 729,098 1227 31 76
RT3M 209,712 615 4 64 *DL1PAN 4,579 50 0 19
DL4HRM 374,374 809 25 66 DL7JRD 2,720 19 3 14 PA5WT 205,288 584 10 57 S54X 451,758 964 24 62
RK4FM 208,906 606 1 66 *DL1WA 372,762 963 16 65 *DA3T 1,918 31 0 14 PAØJLS 122,554 410 3 55 S51RE 369,765 863 18 63
UF4S 202,125 506 3 72 DL5WW 360,810 756 25 65 DL2VNL 1,649 16 0 17 PA2RG 92,928 409 1 43 *S53V 348,257 722 23 66
*RA6C 197,312 608 7 57 DL9GTB 349,048 721 20 72 *DJ1XT 576 11 0 9 PG3N 62,608 209 3 53 S5ØR 329,892 848 13 61
*UA5R 196,029 560 5 64 DL7AT 334,320 776 21 63 DL5ZB 468 7 0 9 *PG4I 52,972 257 0 41 S57L 325,350 670 11 79
*RQ6A 189,420 630 6 54 DJ9DZ 312,661 738 19 64 *DG7RO 175 7 0 5 *PA4Y 49,049 190 3 46 S59AA 194,292 603 4 59
RG7M 188,676 727 0 54 DK1X 308,853 784 19 62 PA5TT 38,958 174 4 39 *S56A 193,500 641 2 58
RU4PU 185,648 409 5 77 DL5XJ 298,312 561 30 68 Greece PA3EVY 35,084 129 5 44 *S51F 180,499 574 4 57
RA3S 183,961 490 9 62 DL5YM 293,440 867 15 55 SV2DSJ 928,855 1388 33 82 PF5X 22,850 81 0 50 S53K 162,590 419 11 60
R6CC 183,820 516 5 65 DL1BUG 289,614 768 15 64 SV2JAO 664,930 1172 21 77 *PE1RDP 17,028 103 0 33 S58J 154,112 468 4 60
UA6CC 179,950 591 1 60 DL1NKS 285,168 748 16 62 SV8BHN 79,278 181 4 69 *PAØJED 16,388 99 0 34 S54O 145,915 523 0 55
RT3N 178,860 656 0 55 DL1RTL 280,588 727 14 63 *SV2AEL 54,943 225 1 46 PA1T 10,914 59 4 30 *S53MM 133,938 414 3 60
UA6LCN 175,160 616 0 58 DL4ME 280,539 811 16 57 SV1JG 54,920 263 0 40 PA3DCU 405 8 0 9 *S53FO 115,614 422 3 51
R7AW 172,900 534 0 65 DL4UNY 279,183 592 19 68 SV2KF 5,481 51 0 21 *PA3OES 252 9 0 6 *S57EA 94,141 411 0 47
UA3A 167,454 530 0 63 DF6QV 278,250 781 11 64 *S53F 71,665 255 3 52
R6AP 163,840 499 7 57 DJ5MW 265,136 757 9 64 *S57KM 62,952 298 0 43
DK2LO 263,508 596 18 66 Hungary Northern Ireland
RL5A 161,892 612 0 54 HA8FK 840,112 1319 36 76 *MI4I 50,556 229 0 44 *S57S 26,796 117 3 41
RK3BX 149,682 536 0 57 DK3UA 262,773 423 27 70 *S52WW 26,784 154 0 36
DF4XX 256,641 650 18 59 HG8K 829,678 1380 25 82
RA3SI 148,608 465 0 64 HG3N 767,124 1253 28 80 Norway *S51RJ 24,752 147 0 34
R4BZ 145,210 422 3 62 *DL7ANR 243,846 719 13 56
*DK1KC 239,118 747 10 56 HA7I 748,656 1236 30 78 LA7THA 313,050 772 16 59 *S51Z 23,220 99 0 43
RU6K 141,520 465 1 60 HA4XH 622,188 1020 33 75 LA3MHA 297,344 573 17 75 S51DX 5,566 46 0 23
R7RF 138,681 478 0 57 DL6DCD 238,666 451 23 71
DL1NEO 235,752 607 14 62 HA8BT 378,014 753 21 70 LAØCX 135,140 440 7 51 *S51CQ 120 5 0 4
RU6AV 138,000 391 4 65 *HA6NL 305,432 792 13 60 LA5LJA 125,097 327 10 59
*RV3A 137,982 474 1 57 DL1IAO 204,750 528 12 66
DL8MKG 204,680 450 17 69 *HA8WY 274,494 797 10 56 LA7GIA 108,180 336 9 51 Spain
R5AJ 136,701 445 0 61 DK8FD 202,998 599 13 56 HA5MA 218,205 632 9 56 LB2TB 72,402 183 7 59 EA7X 1,207,305 1324 52 83
R3EA 123,422 540 0 47 *DJ3HW 194,568 622 7 59 HG6O 162,958 536 7 52 LB5WB 21,255 100 0 39 EA5KA 543,660 702 42 81
RK2M 120,204 457 2 51 DF8AA 192,731 491 16 61 *HA7MF 150,040 528 2 53 LA2US 14,672 105 0 28 EA5WU 470,288 691 40 72
*RO1M 117,264 425 0 56 DL1DTL 176,652 588 5 58 *HA6PJ 144,850 579 2 48 *LA3ZA 9,870 52 0 35 EA2W 227,360 340 38 74
*RW7F 110,717 429 0 53 DL1MGB 171,826 265 38 68 *HG8C 134,550 529 0 50 *LC9T 5,000 50 0 20 EF1A 214,550 570 9 61
RC9F 110,450 442 0 50 DL3DW 156,984 534 7 55 HA8JV 53,920 259 1 39 LA5SJA 3,135 31 0 19 EA1DAV 193,901 510 11 60
RQ3M 110,000 406 3 52 DL5MFF 154,502 460 7 60 *HA8TKS 3,893 50 0 17 *ED1R 142,990 309 14 65
R4ACY 102,700 407 0 50 DJ2BC 151,168 495 4 60 *HA1WD 950 21 0 10 Poland EA3E 137,360 376 10 58
R3RR 99,328 250 5 59 DL5JS 150,863 545 8 51 SN7Q 1,659,711 1873 46 95 *EA3M 119,130 319 13 53
*RA3Y 98,527 364 2 51 *DL8TG 147,312 451 6 60 Isle of Man SN2M 1,601,380 1783 48 97 *EA4AOC 101,750 236 21 53
RA6MQ 85,583 265 9 52 *DM7W 147,084 431 12 56 MD2C 325,350 610 27 63 SN5Y 1,118,852 1530 40 84 EA5BY 77,180 198 8 60
*RZ4AG 85,468 398 0 46 DR2C 146,382 489 2 60 SP3GTS 796,176 1193 35 79 EA7TG 65,136 150 19 50
RT5C 73,248 352 0 42 *DL4WA 146,135 575 2 53 SP1NY 770,196 1273 28 78 EA5O 52,038 140 10 53
UI3A 70,518 312 0 46 DL2CC 145,800 411 10 62 Italy
SP2EBG 767,760 1202 25 87 *EA1R 47,444 150 4 54
RZ2A 58,656 206 1 51 DL3UB 142,821 473 3 60 IKØYUT 1,058,037 1432 37 90
SN1W 659,600 1208 23 77 EA7AQR 6,699 44 0 29
*R3ZJ 55,200 229 4 46 DJ5IW 140,605 481 5 56 IQ2CJ 542,325 826 35 70
SP2HNF 588,714 982 24 83 EA1BNF 6,048 44 0 27
RL4A 50,866 159 0 58 *DL1TS 140,085 551 1 54 IKØXBX 284,544 533 25 71
*SN7O 549,056 1108 24 68 *EA1AIW 2,375 24 0 19
RC1W 49,518 242 0 42 DHØGHU 137,529 450 8 55 4U25B 240,410 810 1 57
*DL5SFC 137,516 467 2 60 *IK4DCX 225,820 618 9 61 SP2EWQ 521,703 1028 20 71
*R4FD 48,594 260 0 39 SP4Z 519,443 936 22 79 Sweden
*R4WT 45,760 295 0 32 DL1QW 133,632 501 0 58 IK3ORD 223,192 425 27 65
*DJ9MH 131,880 469 6 54 IK7JTF 179,394 356 17 70 SP9JZU 327,780 648 17 73 SM4HCM 725,305 1032 31 88
*R7KZ 43,600 223 2 38 SP1D 298,683 721 12 65 SEØX 415,249 914 15 68
R3QF 43,110 185 0 45 *DL1HBT 131,271 496 6 51 I2SVA 173,451 600 3 54
DJ7YP 121,380 328 13 57 IV3AZV 173,128 497 5 62 SP9HZW 278,559 622 18 63 SM6M 395,703 678 26 73
RM4R 41,560 204 0 40 *SP6GCU 264,348 821 2 61 SF1Z 279,381 766 11 58
*UA4CNJ 40,120 266 0 34 DK8ZZ 117,150 356 5 61 IZ8VYU 170,640 561 3 57
DJ8EW 115,197 421 1 56 SP9DWT 231,990 681 4 62 *SD6F 217,769 713 6 53
RT2C 36,816 195 0 39 IK4ZGO 162,932 348 24 53 SM7PEV 74,589 307 0 47
DL5LYM 114,956 398 1 57 IKØYVV 153,657 469 9 54 SP1GZF 150,670 472 9 52
RU4SS 35,052 147 0 46 DL4LAM 114,378 322 9 57 *SP8LBK 141,372 427 6 57 *SM5EFX 54,474 252 0 42
R6AF 34,816 73 1 67 I2WIJ 153,010 446 4 61 *SK6QA 46,560 230 0 40
DL6JZ 114,010 330 11 54 *IV3FPX 149,513 566 0 53 SP5WA 139,562 430 8 54
*UA3R 31,770 234 0 30 *DL5ARM 111,720 410 6 51 SQ8N 131,924 430 1 58 SM5C 39,104 151 2 45
RK4PA 31,240 136 0 40 IZ5DIY 141,757 321 20 57 *SM6A 18,305 102 0 35
DL5XAT 110,264 421 6 50 IZ5NFD 139,776 423 5 59 SP4W 131,040 494 1 51
RG4A 30,084 124 0 46 *DF4XF 109,285 425 0 55 SP4G 118,800 511 0 45 SKØMT 7,980 38 0 35
*RA4DR 29,376 152 0 36 I1JTQ 136,620 395 8 58 *SF5O 6,501 35 0 33
DF1LON 105,860 298 12 55 IV3BCA 93,704 364 0 53 SP3JDZ 100,724 382 0 52
RM3DA 25,898 101 0 46 *DL3TU 104,371 348 8 53 *SM3OMO 3,100 30 0 20
IZ2MGN 92,512 318 7 49 *SP9DNO 80,704 291 1 51
*RX3AEX 18,984 148 0 28 *DJ1SL 98,073 380 2 49 SP9RCL 76,260 232 10 50
*RT6C 18,760 104 0 35 DF2CK 98,000 415 0 49 IC8POF 71,852 153 15 56 Switzerland
*I3FDZ 71,687 297 0 49 SP5XO 67,466 112 13 66
*UB3D 18,356 158 0 26 *DL4KUG 96,720 311 6 54 SP1C 61,318 289 0 43 HB9FBM 468,480 1092 17 63
*RA3QUA 16,064 98 0 32 *DJ3WE 92,973 384 1 50 *IV3CYT 62,373 240 0 51 HB9FKK 190,976 569 6 58
*IK2XDE 61,088 268 0 46 SP5TT 60,150 231 1 49
RA7KW 14,471 100 0 29 DL7VEE 86,400 200 14 61 SP9MRO 54,824 183 1 55 HB9TSW 167,360 501 6 58
*RA4PBE 13,804 91 0 28 *DL7NDS 85,968 384 0 48 IZ8DVD 60,060 204 4 51 HB9JOE 146,497 477 4 55
IZ5MOQ 30,753 117 1 50 SP7IWA 54,300 203 1 49
*UA6EED 12,512 111 0 23 DL5ST 85,358 383 0 49 HB9DUR 41,405 162 0 49
*DO6LE 83,472 400 0 48 *IV3JCC 26,280 111 0 45 *SN2W 52,264 219 2 45
RA3DNC 11,784 101 0 24 *SN1ØØBY 32,760 186 0 35 HB9CZF 26,796 71 4 54
*R2EA 11,206 103 0 26 *DL7ALM 82,350 347 4 46 IK2TDM 23,691 83 0 53 HB9FKL 13,212 67 2 34
DK2CX 78,516 299 0 54 I3FIY 20,416 130 0 32 SN3A 31,220 70 1 69
UA3AIF 8,500 40 0 34 *SQ4O 30,780 203 0 30
*RA6AAW 7,130 64 0 23 DJ8RS 77,682 205 11 55 IK5ZAA 9,126 68 0 27 Ukraine
*DK3DUA 77,328 299 0 54 *IKØUUM 5,336 47 0 23 *SP2WGB 26,414 102 3 44
*UA3AAJ 6,575 50 0 25 UW1M 946,296 1428 31 86
*DL2RMC 76,704 369 0 47 *IK2CLB 2,080 16 9 4 SP3ZHP 22,338 135 0 34
RD3K 6,356 34 0 28 UX1UA 875,955 1302 32 83
DO4DXA 76,076 329 0 52 *IZ2CSX 1,335 18 0 15 *SP5TAT 19,646 71 3 44
RM3O 3,150 26 0 18 UT6UD 820,344 1277 29 85
*DF8AE 75,068 332 0 49 *IUØITX 960 16 0 12 SP3QDM 6,120 29 5 19
*RC3D 3,021 22 0 19 UW5ZO 662,223 1060 29 78
*DJ1YFK 74,612 366 0 46 IWØSAF 804 12 0 12 *SP3BBS 5,820 60 0 20
RV6ASU 2,475 17 1 14 UYØZG 624,901 1094 24 79
*DD2ML 73,268 295 2 50 *IZØEHL 18 3 0 2 *SP6FXY 1,725 26 0 15
*R3PJN 1,820 18 2 11 UT7CR 551,424 1101 20 76
*DF7RG 67,527 363 0 41 *SP7CXV 420 7 0 7
*RW4NH 312 12 0 6 UY1HY 539,320 1019 22 75
DL6ON 63,600 269 3 47 Kaliningrad
RV3FT 140 4 3 1 *DL9NEI 63,425 333 0 43 UT4U 537,471 1133 16 73
R1AC 120 4 1 2 UA2FZ 1,433,295 1733 41 94 Portugal UT2AB 378,670 718 22 73
*DL3YM 61,614 225 0 54 *RN2FA 109,074 422 1 48 CT7ANO 64,446 145 18 51
*R7FK 10 1 0 1 *DF1LX 60,528 262 3 49 *UR5QU 283,410 831 7 60
*UA7T 10 1 0 1 *RT2F 63,058 297 0 41 *CT7AUP 45,031 172 1 48 UXØFF 255,948 594 8 76
DF2RG 57,936 237 2 49
UA9FBC 10 1 0 1 *DP5L 57,800 243 1 49 *RA2F 51,714 248 0 39 *UY7C 246,415 744 7 58
*DJ3RA 55,890 248 0 46 UA2CZ 44,960 215 0 40 Romania *UW1U 237,575 718 8 57
European Turkey *DJ6TB 55,776 245 1 47 YO5LD 916,902 1410 34 80 UR7LY 211,919 523 13 60
*TA1L 9,430 40 0 41 *DJ3JD 53,350 216 1 49 Latvia YQ6A 559,000 1028 22 78 EN5V 188,964 656 2 56
*DL7UGN 52,626 211 0 49 YL2SM 1,314,036 1553 46 92 YO9HP 224,664 647 7 59 *UR7MZ 186,517 494 7 64
Finland *DL1RNN 52,503 270 0 43 YL3FT 648,549 1152 19 80 *YO4RDW 209,774 771 1 52 UR8RF 176,770 633 1 54
OG7A 689,325 1213 16 85 DM5TI 51,048 124 7 65 YL9T 319,200 735 7 73 *YO7CW 185,055 539 3 62 *UT6CW 164,224 512 7 57
OH3RB 463,712 995 17 69 DK1TW 48,576 228 1 45 *YL3GAZ 270,814 757 10 57 YO7WC 153,282 486 8 51 UX6IR 133,454 476 1 52
OG4T 396,695 862 13 72 *DM2DXA 47,753 152 5 48 YL2KO 211,992 525 4 69 YO4DW 137,484 495 1 53 UV2V 125,832 508 0 49
OH8A 356,824 917 8 65 DF3UB 47,277 191 2 49 YL2GD 168,920 353 12 70 YO8AXP 133,728 454 1 55 *UX3I 120,636 429 2 52
OH3OJ 287,494 887 7 55 DF4PD 46,500 128 8 54 YL2VW 143,960 441 2 59 YO3FRI 117,104 431 0 52 *UR2Y 115,950 446 1 49
OH3FM 259,434 787 5 58 DL1ATZ 46,080 199 0 45 YL2AO 46,481 151 1 52 YO7SR 99,498 269 6 63 *UY2RA 113,322 442 0 51
OG6N 256,275 724 6 61 DL3AMI 44,680 247 0 40 YL2BJ 42,893 123 1 58 YO2GL 96,096 360 4 48 UT3N 102,088 361 6 50

 ‡ &4 ‡$XJXVW 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


US5IQW 94,986 328 3 51 ARIZONA UA7K 1,937,250 2094 48 102 CHECK LOGS K3VZ 10,185 122 32 3
*UZ1WW 84,329 339 0 49 NA7TB 588,672 1262 59 67 UA4M 1,227,590 1576 40 93 4K6FO, 9A7Y, AA7G, DF2SD, DF8V, DL1EMY, *K3FAZ 9,324 116 34 2
*UR1HR 81,046 317 0 49 RC3W 1,093,125 1530 32 93 DL1HUH, DL2RUG, DL6KVA, DL6UAA, DL6UD, N3RD 8,466 100 30 4
UR5E 78,318 257 0 57 MONTANA RT4F 969,493 1419 27 92 DL7CX, DM5EL, DM6WAN, E74SL, EA1AF, *KT3RR 6,360 88 28 2
UW3U 63,408 273 1 47 K7QA 194,618 891 57 29 RY6Y 740,272 1273 20 84 EA1YO, EA3O, EA6NB, EA7BJ, EC5A, EW6F, *K3HX 2,838 57 22 0
*UT8IM 55,960 296 0 40 RA5G 725,328 1223 24 84 GM4OSS, GU4EON, HA1DAE, HG1G, HG2DX, *WA3ADI 2,176 55 17 0
*UX1UF 41,697 192 0 41 WASHINGTON R7GU 1,729 30 0 13 HG4W, IK5BOH, IZ3GNG, JA5EXW, JA5FNX, *WA3GM 162 9 9 0
UW3HM 41,412 200 0 42 W7VJ 117,290 629 54 20 JH9DRL, JI3BFC, LA1U, LA9OI, LZ6E, M3M, *KA3KSP 144 9 6 0
UT5C 39,292 159 0 47 Finland N3IQ, N8OO, NB3R, OK1BLU, OK1HEH, OK2BZ,
*UT4WA 31,040 154 0 40 MICHIGAN OH5Z 900,315 1386 31 86 OK2OHA, OK2PAY, OK2SG, OK4MM, OK4RQ, ALABAMA
US1UP 27,775 73 7 48 W8RT 378,078 786 54 68 OH4A 740,025 1335 19 80 OL6M, ON4CT, OT4A, OZ6GH, OZ6KS, PY2RO, AG4W 51,590 426 47 8
*USØKW 26,765 90 2 51 OG9W 606,300 1097 19 81 R2PA, R3AT, R4DK, R6YY, R7AB, RA9DZ, *K4WI 10,080 110 36 4
UY5QZ 24,990 158 0 34 OHIO OG70AD 44,360 219 0 40 RD3R, RK3T, RK6AQP, RM3M, RN4WA, RTØF, *N4UC 5,882 76 32 2
*UR3PA 21,870 151 0 30 WB2RPW 77,088 450 50 46 RU6L, RW3LL, RW6AF, RW7M, RY9C, RZ3AUL, *AE4M 2,500 44 24 1
US6EX 21,340 55 12 32 France RZ3DW, S53R, S57WJ, SMØMPV, SM3CZS, *KY4G 1,139 32 16 1
*UTØNT 17,280 118 0 30 ILLINOIS TM6M 1,681,425 1835 51 90 SM3EVR, SM5GLC, SM7IUN, SP3FAR, SP3J, W4BXI 480 16 14 1
*US5EOI 9,558 83 0 27 N9EP 95,120 419 54 26 SP3P, SP6CC, SP6GJY, SP6NZ, SP7HOV,
*UT3EK 7,155 50 0 27 WS9V 69,441 383 49 30 Germany SP8HKT, SP8MVC, SP9CVY, SP9FOW, FLORIDA
*UT3WX 4,674 49 0 19 DM7C 1,214,019 1697 38 91 SQ5NRY, SQ8L, SV1PMQ, SV3RF, SV9DJO, KM4HI 22,491 196 38 11
UW5U 4,280 38 0 20 WISCONSIN DR5X 1,131,000 1549 43 87 TF3SG, UA1AIR, UA3EDQ, UA4W, UA9CNX, K9QLL 16,468 140 38 8
US7VF 4,085 22 0 19 W9FZ 16,928 156 43 3 DP7D 1,048,452 1597 38 85 UB5QBB, UC7M, UK9AA, UN2G, UN3GX, WX4US 16,350 140 44 6
*UT2HC 2,934 36 0 18 DA2X 1,030,478 1495 40 87 UN4PD, UR3EZ, UR5WA, UR6EA, UR7EY, KT3V 8,092 107 31 3
*UT4EO 1,716 30 0 12 COLORADO DQ4W 947,422 1498 33 85 USØTA, US3EZ, US3IW, US4IDY, US5WE, *WA3LXD 7,280 88 32 3
*UT1US 1,560 14 2 11 NØKE 94,380 489 54 24 DR5L 748,000 1266 36 74 UT3NF, UT5CB, UT5EA, UT5EO, UT5UGR, UT7E, *WB4OMM 1,020 23 15 2
*US3EO 570 11 0 10 DP6A 743,301 1163 41 76 UT7LW, UY8IF, VE3XO, VK2CCC, VR2EH, *K8RGI 333 14 7 2
US0LW 330 6 1 5 CANADA DR4W 621,191 1067 34 75 W7UB, WS7L, XE2B, YO8SEP, YO8TTT, YT6W. *K3SV 306 10 7 2
*UX7UU 75 3 1 2 LABRADOR DL7AU 589,710 970 33 77
VO2AC 1,704,417 1621 58 85 DL7A 436,220 1036 19 66 GEORGIA
DK7A 432,060 878 28 67 KU8E 77,280 464 49 20
OCEANIA QUEBEC DLØHMK 399,076 851 23 66 SSB RESULTS *K4GTR 12,054 125 37 4
Australia VE2OJ 330,967 717 54 37 DFØBW 176,755 722 0 53 *AA4LR 9,520 121 31 3
VK3TZ 260 10 0 5 DKØTU 165,048 475 14 55 SINGLE OPERATOR *N4JVP
K4BAI
8,715
2,664
111
48
33
23
2
1
BRITISH COLUMBIA DM5A 26,381 150 0 37
Indonesia VA7MM 51,975 236 40 5 NORTH AMERICA *N4ZRA 728 23 14 0
*YC2VOC 1,000 25 0 8 Hungary UNITED STATES *KN4DLS 120 5 0 4
YCØOSX 78 8 0 3 HG8DX 1,568,160 1871 44 91
*YC1JGE 28 7 0 2 CONNECTICUT KENTUCKY
*YC1BIQ 24 10 0 2
NORTH AMERICA HG7T 961,491 1344 39 84
K1KI 98,928 475 48 24
Dominican Republic HG5A 904,591 1473 32 77 ND4Y 104,082 693 51 15
*YB8RW 14 2 0 2 *KC1SA 2,128 50 19 0 N4ZY 27,542 266 45 2
YC3ATK 8 4 0 1 HI3AA 212,040 381 45 45 K1BUK 1,440 42 15 0
Ireland *K4TG 21,956 228 42 2
YC6JRT 8 4 0 1 *KB1EHE 1,305 39 15 0 *WR4F 13,464 134 40 4
EI0R 1,422,560 1651 48 88
*YC9WH 2 1 0 1 *KJ4AOM 10,880 140 31 3
*YE3WIL 2 1 0 1 AFRICA MAINE K4WW 10,116 120 34 2
African Italy Italy
K1LZ 338,548 736 55 52 W4KP 6,270 94 28 2
IG9/S59A 2,941,390 2152 48 89 IK2YCW 1,407,672 1757 45 88
Philippines K1WHS 64,396 253 39 29 *WA4ZKO 4,840 53 38 2
IZ4BOY 974,259 1432 39 78
DU6/N6SS 66,951 161 9 34 N1FR 1,746 44 18 0 AB4IQ 2,832 53 22 2
Madeira Islands IQ3RK 533,208 929 33 71
*WA1MJS 1 -4 0 0
CR3V 962,452 836 43 73 IZ2KXC 486,214 879 26 75
IQ3ME 80,406 289 4 50 NORTH CAROLINA
SOUTH AMERICA IQ5ZP 58,128 198 7 49
MASSACHUSETTS N4XD 88,920 444 49 23
Argentina K5ZD 19,035 133 37 10 NG4C 54,264 483 45 6
ASIA IK8YFU 3,888 43 0 18
*LU2DX 13,134 47 18 15 *W1IZZ 13,158 127 38 5 *K4TMC 23,000 261 37 3
*LW8DQ 378 9 1 6 Asiatic Russia *W1FJ 3,240 57 22 2 *KK4RV 20,080 228 35 5
RA9Y 1,173,600 1295 17 83 Kaliningrad
*KB1VXY 2,840 59 19 1 W3DQS 9,633 105 35 4
RD8D 1,026,348 1249 8 81 UA2FW 1,620,462 1997 39 95
Aruba W1AST 2,214 54 18 0 *N1XL 7,887 106 31 2
P4ØAA 2,156,011 1518 56 87 RW0A 810,495 1099 9 74 *W4FEB 552 23 12 0 *N3CKI 2,926 59 20 2
R8IZ 385,786 658 1 66 Latvia
YL7X 1,194,480 1634 40 86 WE6C 2,254 39 20 3
Bonaire RZ9L 195,572 425 0 52 NEW HAMPSHIRE K4KZ 2,090 43 20 2
PJ4DX 75,772 104 23 53 RK9CYA 85,444 250 0 41 W1OC 112,995 532 55 26 N4YDU 1,700 47 17 0
R9WXK 35,950 169 0 25 Lithuania
*W1LJD 36,015 322 43 6
Brazil RCØL 20,463 195 4 15 LY2XW 912,600 1465 28 80
W1FKF 15,120 140 36 6 SOUTH CAROLINA
PY1NX 21,960 60 4 36 RØMM 1,315 55 0 5 LY2J 403,875 1025 9 66
LY4O 363,545 1066 9 56 *N4XL 48,730 401 47 8
*PY2KC 968 14 2 9 RHODE ISLAND K3DNE 41,219 407 38 9
*PV8ABC 60 3 0 5 Asiatic Turkey W1XX 181,645 785 52 33 *WA4LDU 24,300 215 45 5
*PV8AAS 2 1 0 1 TCØX 2,746,668 2250 41 88 Netherlands
PI4DX 1,498,902 1772 46 85 *N1EYE 2,200 46 19 1 *NU4E 6,815 99 25 4
PA8AD 873,600 1368 38 74 *WA1LAD 1,035 30 15 0 *KM4RK 4,930 73 27 2
Chile Cypress PA6NB 866,484 1318 36 77 *WN4AFP 352 13 11 0
CE2LR 140,400 187 41 37 P33W 2,730,192 2076 41 97 PA6X 850,164 1291 42 74 VERMONT
N1UR 103,180 485 51 26 TENNESSEE
Colombia Israel Poland KC4NX 46,800 412 48 4
HK1MW 32,625 75 34 11 4X2M 2,005,560 1718 36 84 SP8R 1,578,067 1811 47 92 NEW JERSEY K4RO 40,975 332 47 8
SN2B 1,128,596 1627 38 81 *N2HMM 51,747 470 41 6 *AC4G 17,766 163 43 4
Paraguay Japan SO7M 459,440 1100 13 67 WO2T 26,356 258 39 5 *KZ4TN 16,440 185 37 3
ZP9MCE 22,260 58 7 35 JA3YBK 566,280 691 38 61 *KC2WUF 9,999 129 31 2 *KB9DKR 13,448 145 38 3
Romania *W2NMI 8,398 104 32 2 WB4YDY 12,804 125 40 4
Uruguay Mongolia YP5A 254,910 847 2 56 W2TT 6,720 83 29 3 *KS4X 10,947 120 39 2
CX6VM 735,000 597 50 75 JT5DX 1,318,812 1446 21 82 YO4KAK 2,760 36 0 15 *W3PR 4,108 67 24 2 KØEJ 6,169 95 30 1
*W2IOC 1,650 52 15 0 K4HWS 5,518 76 28 3
Republic of Korea Scotland *N2CJ 1,445 41 17 0 KJ4JPV 4,147 67 27 2
MULTI-OP 6LØNJ 1,484 76 0 4 GM6NX 144,152 338 11 63 KC2G 1,395 39 15 0 *N4NT 3,700 65 24 1
*NB2F 605 26 11 0 *WF7T 1,280 29 19 1
NORTH AMERICA Thailand *WA2ALY 468 18 12 0
Serbia
UNITED STATES E2X 148,911 367 0 49 YTØA 806,725 1206 33 82 *K2YG 341 14 11 0 VIRGINIA
MASSACHUSETTS *KD2DVW 126 9 7 0 K3ZM 302,736 981 55 47
NF1A 61,841 303 43 28 West Malaysia Slovak Republic *WA2ACV 98 7 7 0 *KB4OLM 51,832 546 42 2
N1SOH 48,792 356 48 9 9M4COO 2 1 0 1 OM2Y 1,440,789 1796 40 93 *K2AL 2 1 1 0 W4WWQ 26,100 219 44 6
OM4Q 450,140 1224 11 60 N4DJ 16,716 171 39 3
NEW HAMPSHIRE EUROPE NEW YORK *K4FJW 15,621 168 39 2
KM3T 798,840 1334 58 82 Aland Islands Slovenia K2XA 160,290 814 54 24 *N4CF 15,351 152 40 3
OHØZ 1,557,080 1859 44 96 S5ØW 1,221,400 1691 38 86 WS9M 21,070 164 40 9 K4CGY 14,706 161 41 2
RHODE ISLAND S53M 1,159,375 1574 42 83 *WA2JQK 19,608 201 41 2 KG3V 12,348 143 31 5
W1OP 68,524 287 50 24 Austria S5ØC 1,101,244 1556 37 87 *KV2X 11,760 137 31 4 AF4CD 11,507 128 32 5
OE6U 145,310 506 3 52 S53DIJ 770 12 0 11 NS2N 10,138 118 34 3 *AD4TJ 6,750 96 28 2
NEW JERSEY S59T 550 10 0 10 *WB2NFL 5,950 101 23 2 *K4FTO 6,380 98 28 1
W2GD 1,395,468 1780 58 88 Belarus S59EIJ 245 6 0 7 *KX1W 4,450 74 23 2 K4YCR 6,303 83 30 3
K2AX 627,792 1139 56 76 EW5A 2,041,068 2101 47 101 *N2BEG 3,892 65 27 1 NN4RB 5,376 81 26 2
*N2MTG 3,300 57 23 2 N8AID 4,929 58 26 5
EU1XX 472,149 1084 9 72 Spain *N2NOM 3,078 72 19 0
DELAWARE EA2RCA 56,264 202 8 44 KI5FJ 3,696 64 19 5
*W2TE 2,100 45 18 2 *N2QT 2,430 59 17 1
N3DXX 472,160 891 55 75 Belgium *AC2VE 1,326 33 17 0
OT6M 1,277,328 1498 46 92 Sweden *AC2OC 1,207 31 16 1 *KG4WOJ 2,156 40 20 2
MARYLAND SK3W 1,732,290 1865 50 96 *K2KU 90 6 6 0 *N9NB 1,547 44 17 0
KØOO 339,480 779 52 71 Bosnia-Herzegovina SJ2W 1,150,248 1498 43 89 *KC2SYF 24 4 3 0 *W4VG 810 24 15 0
K3CCR 279,912 616 52 57 E7DX 1,576,740 1933 40 92 SC7DX 415,096 873 20 68
SB3W 1,500 18 2 10 ARKANSAS
DELAWARE W5KI 8,568 87 40 2
PENNSYLVANIA Bulgaria *KS3D 36,608 304 45 7
K3LR 1,072,804 1760 58 76 LZ9W 1,403,928 1666 44 92 Switzerland *K5PO 4,900 64 33 2
*N8NA 11,544 138 35 2
N3EB 660,625 1304 57 68 LZ5R 1,240,248 1675 35 89 HB7X 886,170 1406 37 72
NJ3I 333,375 642 53 74 LZ7A 585,480 990 31 74 LOUISIANA
NE3F 250,560 587 51 57 Ukraine DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA *KV8S 11,792 115 41 3
W3MF 248,292 708 54 54 Croatia UZ3A 1,054,446 1491 33 89 4U1WB 17,990 239 33 2
9A1P 1,822,620 1970 49 99 EM3ØUCC 466,908 1113 12 70 *KE3X 714 21 13 1 MISSISSIPPI
FLORIDA 9A7T 544,946 1027 23 74 UR4RWW 208,494 767 0 54 *W5RCG 4,464 63 28 3
K0DI 842,656 1443 59 77 UW4U 84,667 401 0 43 MARYLAND *K1JHS 3,456 51 23 4
AD4ES 577,654 1125 55 66 Czech Republic UW6M 27,510 183 0 30 K3ZO 109,340 586 46 25 *K5XU 2,332 50 21 1
N4WW 433,810 834 57 73 OK7K 2,153,792 2260 48 98 K3TC 41,157 360 44 7 KF5BA 1,530 38 16 2
K2DM 30,576 201 37 19 OL4A 1,804,498 2035 46 93 W3KL 25,427 230 42 5 *N5YW 242 11 11 0
OK5Z 1,713,712 1975 47 96 OCEANIA *W3MBC 22,043 181 37 10
NORTH CAROLINA OL1R 1,367,534 1701 46 91 Hawaii K1BZ 20,034 205 38 4 NEW MEXICO
N1LN 696,828 1370 57 75 OL1A 1,247,400 1616 42 90 KH6LC 173,873 302 45 14 KG4USN 13,923 156 37 2 *W5RJJ 7,600 89 40 0
N3TE 9,928 124 31 3 AF9O 1,752 35 23 1
OK1KSO 1,011,024 1442 41 77 NC3Y 7,080 99 27 3
TENNESSEE OK7O 705,240 1174 34 74 Indonesia *NM5S 1,520 38 20 0
*WA3FAE 6,780 97 27 3 K5TBA 1,024 32 16 0
WK9M 37,314 276 46 8 OK6O 654,168 1230 27 70 7A2A 23,760 107 0 27 *W3IUU 5,796 90 26 2
OL1C 603,243 1159 30 67 7B1B 12,272 67 2 24 *K3KU 2,618 52 20 2
VIRGINIA OL1B 25,020 140 0 36 7A1A 11,725 63 0 25 N3XL 1,710 40 18 0 OKLAHOMA
NR4M 890,960 1391 58 82 *KC3JPP 1,200 30 16 0 WD5CSK 26,936 214 51 5
KC4D 525,624 1119 57 64 Denmark Philippines *W5TMC 17,460 184 43 2
N4HB 369,600 951 52 58 OZ5E 854,778 1362 34 75 4D2X 78,329 218 3 34 PENNSYLVANIA K5LAD 14,535 148 42 3
W3BGN 183,440 821 49 31 N5QIM 756 21 18 0
OKLAHOMA England W3TS 114,595 769 54 11
K5CM 391,878 1059 58 60 G4AQG 584,592 892 37 77 SOUTH AMERICA N3XZ 26,070 182 44 11 TEXAS
G4IIY 426,384 667 33 75 Brazil *AJ3T 25,830 284 39 2 *N1XS 24,365 186 47 8
CALIFORNIA GØAZH 23,636 116 5 33 ZW5B 78,864 137 23 39 K3UA 22,058 251 40 1 W5PR 5,082 61 27 6
NX6T 151,293 632 55 32 *WS3C 21,882 231 38 4 *KR5G 4,521 63 30 3
N6DZ 128,612 483 53 26 European Russia Curacao K3SWZ 17,190 147 38 7 *K5RX 3,050 45 23 2
W6YX 115,672 536 51 25 RL3A 2,016,540 2089 51 102 PJ2T 2,141,644 1519 57 85 K3PP 11,760 140 32 3 K5AVY 986 26 16 1

ZZZFTDPDWHXUUDGLRFRP $XJXVW ‡ &4‡ 


*NN5T 735 23 14 1 *K8VGL 8,512 100 37 1 Puerto Rico R3OQ 1,391 31 0 13 *IU8GUK 1,972 25 0 17
*WA5DSS 162 9 9 0 *K9GX 7,750 118 29 2 *WP3UX 8,520 51 19 11 R5QQ 1,232 23 0 11 *IU4JHC 1,820 29 0 14
KF5NRS 50 5 5 0 *W9TC 5,053 70 29 2 *WP4RF 2,268 20 0 14 *UA4FER 952 25 0 7 *IUØAPU 1,224 24 0 12
N9MR 4,768 67 31 1 *R4FCJ 810 16 0 10 IX1CLD 836 17 0 11
CALIFORNIA KJ9C 4,544 65 30 2 RK7T 531 15 0 9 *IK2IKW 522 14 0 9
W6AFA 14,250 167 33 5 *AC9EZ 3,818 68 22 1 AFRICA *R5GR 322 11 0 7 *IK2SAR 246 10 0 6
AI6LY 6,975 108 29 2 *WB9NOO 2,645 50 23 0 Canary Islands RA3NC 205 10 0 5
*N6LL 3,197 55 20 3 *W9MRH 2,400 47 24 0 ED8W 21,132 60 12 24 *R2EL 148 11 0 4 Latvia
KE6QR 3,094 85 17 0 *EB8AYA 4,536 27 0 18 YL7X 223,040 662 11 53
*WN6K 1,460 35 19 1 WISCONSIN Finland *YL2QG 32,490 215 0 30
KW6S 864 33 10 2 N9GH 22,896 184 50 4 Ceuta & Melilla *OH6ECM 20,160 145 0 28 *YL2PP 6,216 50 0 24
*KA9A 360 20 9 0 *W9AV 14,196 151 41 1 *EA9E 2,112 20 0 11 OH1LAR 2,445 32 0 15 *YL3KW 3,696 54 0 14
*WB6KDH 175 11 6 1 ND9Z 13,735 145 39 2 *OH1XFE 2,015 31 0 13
*W6REK 36 6 3 0 *K9VER 3,744 66 26 0 *OH6EPM 60 4 0 3 Lithuania
*K7XE 32 4 4 0 NN9C 3,591 59 27 0 ASIA LY5W 159,689 595 4 49
*W6JK 30 5 3 0 *AC9TO 208 13 8 0 Germany LY2BVB 147,732 557 3 49
AG7JQ 24 4 3 0 Asiatic Russia
R8WF 84,398 240 0 38 DF2DJ 64,100 272 4 46 *LY4L 131,663 540 2 47
COLORADO DL2SAX 58,056 330 0 41 *LY9A 84,214 414 1 40
ARIZONA NØKQ 2,150 40 25 0 UA9CAW 36,735 131 0 31
R9CS 21,950 96 0 25 DLØESA 47,360 267 1 39 *LY2MM 34,683 217 1 32
N7RK 18,179 148 46 7 AKØBC 1,407 32 21 0 *DK1KC 45,360 274 1 39 *LY2OM 16,350 116 0 30
K7HP 5,478 70 30 3 *AAØCW 768 24 16 0 RZ9WU 5,148 47 0 13
RW9QA 4,411 51 0 11 *DG5MLA 45,150 263 3 39 *LY5CB 14,375 122 0 25
W7ON 1,615 38 17 2 *WAØEJX 8 2 2 0 *DH4RJ 42,439 268 1 36 *LY3BRA 3,600 57 0 15
KB7AZ 1,152 29 16 2 *RZ9YN 1,232 25 0 8
RA9AEA 660 11 0 6 *DP3P 42,294 245 2 40 *LY3S 3,417 48 0 17
*K7HKR 340 17 10 0 IOWA DF1TB 40,373 193 4 43 *LY2DX 2,352 41 0 14
NG7A 25,965 264 42 3 *R8MB 120 8 0 3
RKØUN 40 6 0 2 DL1GWS 32,301 202 1 36 *LY3I 1,500 31 0 12
IDAHO *NØGZ 20,972 196 47 2 *DL2OE 31,198 195 2 36 *LY2TS 1,050 27 0 10
KØIP 3,366 72 22 0 KDØZV 14,760 149 44 1 *DO4OD 30,693 182 3 36 *LY3ZM 175 10 0 5
*KJ7YY 768 21 16 0 NØDQS 10,620 93 40 5 Asiatic Turkey
*TA3LHH 7,416 43 0 18 *DL8DSL 30,400 184 1 37
*W7TX 174 13 6 0 *KØSRL 4,608 63 31 1 DL5AWE 30,340 165 3 38 Netherlands
*KIØEO 1,121 28 19 0 *TA2LP 300 6 0 5
*TA4RC 260 6 0 5 *DL4ZA 28,980 205 2 33 *PE2JMR 44,198 214 2 39
MONTANA *ADØH 504 18 14 0 *DM5SB 26,705 173 0 35 PI4DX 13,775 97 0 29
*K7VIC 6,688 72 35 3 *DJ1WF 23,555 153 0 35 *PA1HD 12,093 87 0 29
*AB5ZA 2,340 39 26 0 KANSAS Georgia
4L2M 42,900 152 0 30 DK7AM 23,528 163 2 32 *PA3DTR 7,705 66 0 23
WØNO 70,943 525 53 8 *DQØZ 23,086 160 3 31 *PAØJBK 847 16 0 11
NEVADA WØBH 11,172 129 41 1 *DL5ALW 22,671 151 0 33
WU6W 910 35 13 0 *NØYO 9,374 96 39 4 Isreal
4Z5LY 34,110 118 0 30 DK6CQ 21,248 156 0 32 Northern Ireland
*N7XCZ 112 8 7 0 NØYET 5,742 80 31 2 DJ6NL 17,816 134 1 33 *MIØM 52,962 248 2 40
NZØF 3,654 63 29 0 *DL8BZ 17,391 137 0 31
OREGON KDØEZS 2,314 43 25 1 Kyrgystan
*EX8MK 150 7 0 3 *DKØBM 17,360 157 0 28 Norway
W7ZB 7,887 99 30 3 KØAP 2,280 40 23 1 *DL2TOS 17,052 140 0 29 LB9RE 10,819 70 0 31
*AF7NX 1,717 51 16 1 DM4X 16,071 113 0 33 *LA8OKA 1,960 28 0 14
*W7MTL 576 26 9 0 MINNESOTA *DJ4MH 15,720 130 0 30
*KF7RSF 1 0 0 0 KØTT 89,962 638 54 8 EUROPE *DL8UV 15,500 115 2 29
Austria Poland
KØYR 59,177 450 54 5 DJ7OQ 14,756 97 0 31 SN7D 260,455 783 12 53
UTAH *NGØC 40,698 366 49 2 *OE3WMW 53,655 309 0 35
OE1HHB 18,734 131 0 29 *DAØDOM 14,580 112 0 30 SP9N 204,544 625 12 52
NG7M 4,524 72 28 1 KØMD 28,150 256 50 0 *DL9RDM 13,830 101 0 30 SQ7CL 164,777 625 6 47
KF7ZN 480 20 12 0 NØOK 15,980 151 44 3 *OE2GEN 7,824 67 0 24
OE1XTU 1,890 27 0 14 DL1AX 13,608 111 0 28 SN6M 144,990 536 7 47
NØUY 10,692 102 41 3 *DL2NBJ 13,543 104 0 29 *SP5CJY 103,831 426 6 43
WASHINGTON WBØVAK 10,542 99 39 3 *OE2IJL 288 7 0 9
*DK4ZZ 13,496 123 1 27 *SQ9ZAX 80,388 379 1 43
N7AU 23,970 221 44 3 K9WN 384 16 12 0 *DB4LL 12,987 110 0 27 SQ2OFS 44,905 265 0 35
K7IU 10,560 145 31 2 Balearic Islands
*EA6SA 3,060 36 0 17 *DFØBV 12,852 114 0 27 *SQ4JEN 29,645 175 1 34
K7STO 4,228 73 25 3 MISSOURI DL8LAS 12,628 101 0 28 *SP2TMT 27,545 161 1 34
N7QOZ 1,590 47 15 0 KIØI 66,154 483 54 8 *DLØAVH 12,557 100 0 29 *SP9TKW 23,975 143 1 34
*N7GCO 1,552 41 15 1 *KØPHP 19,635 181 48 3 Belarus
EU4E 33,726 200 0 33 *DL8BF 12,428 116 0 26 *SP6A 23,002 157 0 31
WX7P 1,513 37 17 0 NØLBY 10,878 115 39 3 *DL8ZU 11,882 119 0 26 *SO9P 21,000 159 0 28
*N7ZUF 1,260 45 12 0 NWØM 2,398 50 22 0 EW8R 29,977 185 2 29
DL6MFK 11,310 95 0 26 *SP3IOE 20,736 117 4 32
KB7BTO 688 36 7 1 K8MCN 944 28 15 1 *DO1UKR 11,116 94 0 28 *SP2GR 19,830 139 0 30
WG7X 590 25 10 0 Bosnia-Herzegovina
*E77EE 13,857 88 0 31 *DM2AWM 10,488 100 0 24 *SP8OV 16,578 129 0 27
KI7DG 584 32 8 0 NEBRASKA *DK1RU 10,323 74 0 31 *SP8TZ 15,800 135 0 25
*KE7ZAC 238 14 7 0 WDØBGZ 17,484 173 45 2 *DB8AH 10,314 91 0 27 SN95IARU 14,056 106 0 28
*KG7DAB 16 4 2 0 *WB9QAF 4,096 61 31 1 Bulgaria
LZ1YE 17,520 113 0 30 *DL6RBH 9,750 85 1 24 *SQ2EAN 11,500 109 0 23
*KJ7LAN 12 3 2 0 NFØN 1,273 32 19 0 *DKØABT 9,372 105 0 22 *SP4GAP 9,192 81 0 24
*W7FZY 1 0 0 0 LZ2XF 16,744 127 0 26
DF6RI 9,288 87 0 24 *SP2DMZ 8,400 73 0 24
NORTH DAKOTA *DO1DKX 7,925 73 0 25 *SQ8T 6,644 63 0 22
KØIDX 105,690 697 54 11 Croatia
MICHIGAN *9A3SM 2,400 40 0 12 *DL9NEI 7,420 90 0 20 *SP2IWL 5,548 62 0 19
NA8V 199,827 1016 55 26 *DF2FM 7,260 78 0 22 *SP9HZW 4,320 50 0 18
*W8CO 89,205 694 53 4 SOUTH DAKOTA *DL2LSM 7,200 63 0 25 *HF7ST 3,960 50 0 18
*WDØT 18,277 173 47 2 Czech Republic
*W8GP 51,012 446 49 3 OK1KPU 119,790 544 2 43 *DL8BFV 7,125 64 0 25 *SP8CHI 3,933 45 0 19
N8OL 48,510 395 50 5 *OK1LRD 84,832 396 2 42 *DL2SWR 6,980 79 1 19 *SP9DEM 3,825 48 0 17
WN8HCV 8,584 110 37 0 CANADA *DL1HSI 6,940 88 0 20 *SQ9PPT 3,808 50 0 16
NEW BRUNSWICK OK1HFP 43,396 237 1 37
*K8ZO 5,888 83 32 0 OK1OA 42,066 225 0 38 *DK3GI 6,314 70 0 22 *SQ5PMB 1,104 19 0 12
*K8MJZ 3,075 54 24 1 *VE9RLW 1,274 20 14 0 DL1DWW 5,859 63 0 21
*OK2BRQ 35,013 221 1 32
*KD8GBK 2,304 45 23 1 *OK1K 29,222 156 2 36 *DB9OH 5,640 63 0 20 Portugal
WM8Z 2,139 42 22 1 NOVA SCOTIA *DM5Z 5,523 61 0 21
VA1RST 7,272 62 21 3 *OK1BJ 22,214 164 0 29 CS5SS 19,705 106 0 35
*K7DR 340 17 10 0 OK2IUH 19,285 141 0 29 *DB4RG 5,275 43 0 25
*OK2TS 14,796 115 0 27 DH6BAI 4,608 61 0 18 Romania
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND *DK3YD 4,410 58 0 18
OHIO *OK1MJA 11,676 90 0 28 YO6FNA 45,991 246 1 36
VY2ZM 745,461 1033 56 57 DL1ATZ 4,332 54 0 19
ND8DX 213,891 1031 55 28 *OK2AK 9,880 82 0 26 YO6OBK 37,126 189 1 37
K8RR 86,800 622 54 8 *OK1FU 8,568 86 1 20 *DB5ABS 4,300 55 0 20 *YO5IA 12,225 98 0 25
QUEBEC *DL7UAI 4,212 57 0 18
N8BI 78,660 613 50 7 OK2EQ 7,820 71 0 23 *YO8RZJ 8,660 89 0 20
*VE2HAY 6,720 70 21 0 *DD5MA 3,757 55 0 17
W8MET 50,094 491 44 2 *OK1XC 6,292 62 0 22 *YO3GSK 6,292 56 0 22
*VA2LGQ 1,365 21 12 1 *DL1RV 2,944 44 0 16
KW8N 40,700 364 46 4 *OK6AB 4,921 56 0 19 *YO8BDQ 5,859 57 0 21
*VE2QV 1,183 20 13 0 *DL5RMH 2,366 40 0 13
*KA8CNI 26,673 240 46 5 *OK1KMU 3,920 55 0 16 *YO7LDT 1,224 21 0 12
*VE2GT 174 7 6 0 *DL7NDS 2,265 32 0 15
*K8MJH 26,010 270 44 1 *OK2QA 3,774 45 0 17 *YO2LXW 520 13 0 8
*WB8JUI 17,983 163 46 3 *OK2VIR 3,616 50 0 16 *DL3ARM 2,041 35 0 13 *YO7ARZ 400 10 0 8
ONTARIO *DL3DRN 2,002 35 0 13
*KD8BB 15,951 185 37 2 *OK1FUK 968 20 0 11
VE3PN 205,190 555 48 23 *DO4MTB 1,872 24 0 16
*AB8OU 12,558 143 37 2 Serbia
*VE3MGY 203,112 671 54 8 DKØSU 1,740 25 0 15
*W8KNO 10,450 124 37 1 Denmark *YU1VG 26,796 158 0 33
VE3DZ 140,882 499 48 10 *DL6WA 1,560 22 0 15
*KG9Z 10,413 113 36 3 *OZ4NA 26,272 166 0 32 *YT2SMS 2,384 30 0 16
VA3AR 117,355 488 44 5 *DH2UAK 1,368 30 0 12
*N8HP 10,260 119 36 2 OZ1ZD 17,984 111 1 31
*VA3AC 99,603 403 45 6 *DL4ML 1,177 28 0 11
*K8VUS 10,222 118 37 1 OZ1D 11,882 90 0 26 Sicily
*VA3NW 38,581 192 38 3 *DLØEB 1,020 20 0 12
*K8SVT 10,138 116 35 2 OV1RR 2,325 31 0 15 *IT9VJO 1,872 22 0 18
VE3KP 29,930 154 39 2 *DC9BG 913 19 0 11
*N8IW 6,420 85 27 3 *IT9EWR 60 4 0 3
*VE3VY 19,807 145 27 2 DK1LRS 869 17 0 11
W8BI 6,048 87 30 2 England *IT9ESW 4 2 0 1
*VE3TW 14,790 108 28 1 DL7LX 780 18 0 10
*W8TB 5,730 85 28 2 M3D 56,212 204 9 43
VE3KZ 14,728 113 27 1 *DO6LE 639 16 0 9
*W8XY 5,490 84 29 1 G4AFJ 26,896 127 3 38 Slovak Republic
VA3SK 10,943 72 28 3 *DM4KR 459 12 0 9
*KB8UUZ 5,332 71 29 2 G0OIK 18,795 104 3 32 *OM5WW 60,952 320 0 38
*VA3TTB 10,206 78 26 1 *DL1ONI 343 11 0 7
KE8NBC 4,340 64 30 1 G4L 6,440 56 0 23 OM7RU 41,790 235 0 35
*VA3RKM 8,664 77 23 1 *DH8DR 329 13 0 7
*N8VWY 3,429 59 27 0 MØMCV 4,940 52 0 19 OM3IAG 36,408 197 2 35
*VE3EUR 8,234 77 21 2 *DL2RCH 273 9 0 7
WA8ZIP 2,394 54 18 1 G1VWC 330 11 0 6 *OM4IK 29,430 198 0 30
VE3MT 6,600 63 21 1 *DL1AOB 245 7 0 7
*WO3X 1,843 41 19 0 *OM2DT 26,301 158 0 33
*VE3VN 5,612 50 22 1 *DL1PAN 225 9 0 5
*KD8MXE 1,258 34 17 0 Estonia *OM7OM 17,690 120 1 28
*VE3SST 5,523 55 21 0 *DO9HC 80 4 0 4
*WB8PIY 994 31 13 1 ES5RW 301,000 809 14 56 *OM7PY 3,672 42 0 18
VE3BR 5,302 50 22 0 *DF4HA 5 1 0 1
*KA8BSA 765 21 17 0 *ES2DJ 176 10 0 4 *OM1AJT 3,000 40 0 15
VE3EJ 5,103 50 18 3 *DLØMBG 5 1 0 1
*WB8WUA 432 18 12 0 *OM1ALT 970 20 0 10
*VE3LC 5,061 53 21 0
WD8E 261 10 8 1 European Russia *OM7AT 420 14 0 6
*VE3LMS 3,648 39 18 1 Greece
*VA3FN 550 11 10 0 RA3XM 70,460 267 6 46
WEST VIRGINIA UA4LCH 48,258 231 4 38 SV2JAO 25,776 147 0 36 Slovenia
*VE3BK 520 13 8 0 SV6JHA 14,518 83 0 34
K8JQ 29,600 369 36 1 RA1ZZ 40,303 203 2 39 S57C 371,853 869 22 57
*N8II 14,134 166 33 4 RC5Z 39,780 209 1 38 *SV1/SV3QUY 2,635 38 0 17 *S57NAW 56,703 279 1 40
MANITOBA *SV3AUW 2,592 29 0 18
K8GQ 10,000 103 37 3 *VE4VT 10,268 64 33 1 *RK3E 33,966 214 0 34 *S52NR 25,632 164 0 32
N4RA 5,952 84 29 2 RC2SB 30,400 162 1 37
WA8KAN 5,239 74 29 2 SASKATCHEWAN *RA3RA 25,806 156 1 33 Hungary Spain
*KA9NJW 1,230 38 15 0 *VA5KMG 203 7 7 0 *UA1CUR 25,760 165 1 31 *HA8WY 63,102 321 1 38 EA3IBV 76,750 304 6 44
*R7KR 24,563 178 0 29 EG2CAI 51,696 226 6 42
ILLINOIS ALBERTA *R2AL 23,220 181 0 27 Iceland *EA3CI 35,264 191 1 37
K9ZO 89,536 624 54 10 VE6TK 2,640 27 20 0 RA4FUT 16,632 124 0 28 TF2LL 2,850 30 0 19 EB3A 13,888 92 1 30
*N9LYE 17,252 215 37 1 *VA6RCN 252 9 6 0 RM4HZ 15,680 114 0 28 EA2XR 11,726 100 0 26
*WB8BZK 14,534 148 41 2 *RD3DS 12,825 107 0 25 Ireland *EA1BXJ 10,556 79 0 29
*WR9L 12,600 129 40 2 BRITISH COLUMBIA *RV6ARZ 12,098 109 0 23 *EI3ENB 6,785 57 2 21 *EA4JR 7,868 60 2 26
*WO9I 10,920 122 38 1 *VA7EU 7,056 82 18 0 *R5RC 11,840 126 0 20 EI5GUB 2,560 32 0 16 EA3OH 4,136 42 0 22
*WB9HFK 9,082 103 36 2 RG7M 11,040 99 0 23 *EA4LU 3,002 36 0 19
*KØPG 7,092 88 34 2 RA3EA 9,526 91 0 22 Italy *EB2DJ 20 5 0 2
N9TO 4,256 64 26 2 NORTH AMERICA *R6BT 8,337 96 0 21 IK2YCW 336,490 824 20 57
WA9KIA 672 21 14 0 Cayman Islands *UA6AUA 7,128 57 0 24 *IK4LZH 50,274 273 0 38 Sweden
*KC9YDV 280 11 10 0 ZF5T 623,370 988 56 54 R3OM 6,327 73 0 19 IK2SYI 34,476 181 0 39 SB6A 64,920 324 1 39
*KD9MS 2 1 1 0 ZF2AM 465,360 792 56 49 *UA1OM 4,968 60 0 18 IZ2BVC 16,389 124 0 27 SM5EPO 25,024 147 0 34
RM4W 4,505 50 0 17 *IU4JIC 8,928 77 0 24 *SM6IQD 6,622 62 0 22
INDIANA Dominican Republic *R2PT 4,048 52 0 16 *IK4DCX 7,587 60 0 27 *SE6K 4,864 62 0 16
*KB9OZI 13,079 137 39 2 *HI8DL 240 7 1 5 *UD4C 3,108 44 0 14 *IZ8FBU 5,170 49 0 22 SE5S 4,494 44 0 21
KJ9Z 9,842 113 36 2 *UG3G 2,782 47 0 13 *IV3BCA 3,542 34 0 22 *SE4E 4,272 54 0 16
*W9RE 9,028 100 34 3 Mexico *RV3X 2,652 46 0 12 IZ1LAY 2,640 35 0 16 *SM5DXR 2,924 35 0 17
K9LA 8,588 101 37 1 XE1RF 3,003 30 17 4 R4RB 2,000 43 0 10 *IK8YFU 2,208 30 0 16 *SB5X 2,590 37 0 14

 ‡ &4 ‡$XJXVW 9LVLW2XU:HE6LWH


*SM7ATL 1,488 26 0 12 OHIO K2RET 29,068 217 41 11 NX3A 1,377 33 16 1 VA3WW 39,039 208 36 3
*SE5N 1,125 25 0 9 K8ZT 7,910 101 34 1 *KA2K 24,639 253 39 4 W4PM 1,216 26 14 2 VE3SS 10,943 73 31 0
*SA6SKA 520 13 0 8 WB8DC 2,720 59 19 1 WR2G 15,190 177 31 4 *W4VIC 147 12 7 0 *VE3JI 3,366 38 18 0
WA2FZB 6,090 88 29 1 *VE3HED 1,411 16 17 0
Switzerland ILLINOIS N1IBM 4,266 69 24 3 ARKANSAS
*HB3YXD 2,808 32 0 18 N9LQ 1,520 35 20 0 N2VW 3,861 54 23 4 K5VR 1,197 27 18 1 BRITISH COLUMBIA
*KD2SGM 2,289 47 21 0 VE7DX 15,000 105 26 4
Ukraine KANSAS *KE2D 1,358 44 14 0 MISSISSIPPI *VA7IR 1 0 0 0
UX1UA 149,292 505 10 48 W0YJT 630 21 14 0 *NA5NN 59,520 455 52 8
US5D 125,856 536 2 46 NEW YORK W5THT 4,386 50 30 4 NORTH AMERICA
UT2AA 87,400 349 3 47 MINNESOTA N2ZX 115,024 521 51 28 N5TF 140 5 0 4
Alaska
UR5TM 47,463 250 0 39 W6GMT 12 3 2 0 WA2CP 89,981 541 50 17 KL7SB 2,800 43 11 3
UZ1U 38,556 222 0 36 KE1IH 50,868 389 41 13 OKLAHOMA
*UW1U 29,104 184 1 33 CANADA WU2M 28,495 299 37 4 KF5GTX 7,831 85 39 2
Dominican Republic
*UY2UQ 28,736 196 0 32 W2GDJ 27,489 229 42 7 *HI6LT 100 4 1 3
ONTARIO TEXAS
*UX2MF 26,268 162 0 33 W2JV 23,760 292 32 4
VA3MYC 30 2 3 0 N5RZ 30,160 230 50 8
UT4RZ 20,336 144 0 31 WA2MCR 11,700 138 32 4 Mexico
*UR4CW 17,893 129 1 28 N2SQW 10,804 124 34 3 WBØTEV 11,137 115 41 2
ALBERTA KE5MMT 10,560 110 36 4 XE2S 495 11 9 0
UR3QFB 16,325 140 0 25 *K2SI 10,605 129 33 2
VE6EX 520 13 8 0 *KS5Z 3,690 57 28 2
US7IA 15,444 126 0 26 *WB2KLD 8,787 123 27 2 Puerto Rico
*UT4EK 15,025 137 0 25 K4RUM 7,872 107 29 3 N5DD 1,824 32 23 1
K5KJ 1,428 27 19 2 KP4KE 479,412 737 55 53
*UX2QL 11,799 108 0 23 NO2C 7,105 95 25 4
*UT7QL 10,304 102 0 23
EUROPE WA3AFS 2,976 32 28 4 *KE5LQ 112 8 7 0
*UR4QFP 9,867 102 0 23 Belarus N2NKX 1,920 39 18 2 AFRICA
*UR5QU 9,576 96 0 21 EU1AA 23,698 139 0 34 N2RC 1,360 34 15 2 CALIFORNIA Canary Islands
*UV5EEO 9,093 94 0 21 EU6DX 399 12 0 7 *K2YR 207 10 8 1 NX6T 32,754 276 46 7 EA8RM 4,770 27 2 16
UXØLL 7,098 74 0 21 *K2PAL 168 9 8 0 K6RC 6,728 100 25 4
UT3UV 6,080 67 0 19 Bosnia-Herzogovina KG6AO 1,344 26 20 1 Ceuta & Melilla
*UR6QS 5,764 57 0 22 E77Y 61,440 302 0 40 DELAWARE W6MOB 1,328 40 15 1 EA9/DL1MGB 270,776 401 18 50
*UTØZT 4,830 83 0 14 AA1K 139,410 530 55 35
*US6IKV 4,208 55 0 16 Czech Republic K9RS 37,184 249 40 16 ARIZONA
*UTØCK 4,110 63 0 15 OK1LL 18,172 140 0 28 *N3TTT 3,171 65 20 1 AB7E 26,620 216 48 7 ASIA
*UR5ZIW 3,280 46 0 16 WA7AN 3,248 50 27 2 Asiatic Russia
*UY3U 2,277 48 0 11 European Russia MARYLAND N9NA 2,862 40 22 5 R8TT 155,272 317 1 51
UY3AW 1,456 23 0 13 UA3OQ 1,740 30 0 12 W3LL 194,292 878 53 31 K7WP 1,720 40 18 2 *RA9AU 41,786 133 0 34
*US3LX 990 20 0 11 RW3AI 1,485 28 0 11 W3FOX 99,162 684 47 16 RM8A 29,125 125 0 25
*USØUB 240 11 0 6 R3UBY 624 17 0 8 K3AJ 65,100 400 44 18 IDAHO UA9MA 23,225 108 0 25
*UR3QTN 204 8 0 6 RA3DJA 76 5 0 4 K3MM 41,406 215 49 18 KG7CW 43,955 324 52 7 RW9CQ 22,906 96 0 26
N3QE 41,031 379 43 4 *KA7T 1,836 48 18 0 *UA9BA 13,708 70 0 23
Wales Germany W3ICM 38,857 350 41 8 UA9R 13,540 77 0 20
*GW4W 935 17 0 11 DLØAZ 21,276 134 0 36 AB3CV 38,500 396 41 3 MONTANA RAØACM 4,046 39 0 14
DJØMY 11,408 83 0 31 AA3S 27,734 214 37 12 K7QA 17,526 161 43 3 RTØF 3,641 44 3 8
DG1EAD 1,464 31 0 12 W2CDO 27,060 275 40 4
OCEANIA DL2LDE 145 7 0 5 N3ALN 20,920 229 37 3 OREGON Asiatic Turkey
Australia N3DUE 17,178 178 40 2 KA6BIM 44,400 309 52 8 TA7OM 139,095 319 0 45
VK3IO 520 12 4 4 Greece K3AU 14,256 167 33 3 KI7M 33,201 283 47 4 *TA3EL 1,560 13 0 12
*VK3XV 2 1 0 1 SV1BJY 385 14 0 7 K3TN 12,207 114 31 8 KK7YC 17,845 180 37 6 *TC3B 576 8 0 8
*WK3A 11,400 128 35 3 K7ZS 13,684 128 40 4 *TA9J 96 4 0 3
Indonesia Hungary *W3FA 7,316 100 29 2 *AK6A 2,916 75 18 0
*YB2MM 204 26 0 3 HA8BE 54,264 250 1 41 W3OU 6,634 94 28 3 China
YCØSFS 126 13 0 3 HA1TI 14,924 119 0 26 NX3Z 3,250 56 23 2 UTAH *BD4SS 78 6 0 3
*YB3BLJ 92 19 0 2 HA7JQK 852 16 0 12 W3GVX 2,499 52 20 1 W7CXX 46,177 338 52 9 *BG4GOV 6 3 0 1
YC7YGR 56 10 0 2 K3ZU 240 8 7 1 *W7DBA 440 20 11 0 *BG5TOX 6 3 0 1
*YCØSAS 46 23 0 1 Italy
*YB1PAG 44 22 0 1 IZ1ANK 1,170 21 0 13 PENNSYLVANIA WASHINGTON Cyprus
*YB1BA 42 21 0 1 K3WW 80,160 550 44 16 KK6ZM 63,180 375 54 11 P3X 31,650 108 0 30
*YB3BGM 40 20 0 1 Kaliningrad K6ND 64,680 376 48 18 W6OAT 18,513 151 45 6
*YC1JCD 40 20 0 1 R2FI 24,570 164 1 29 AB3AH 61,380 420 50 12 KE7SW 4,060 62 26 2 Israel
*YB4MDL 36 18 0 1 NY3B 45,485 353 43 12 *K7SS 3,096 74 16 2 4X1IM 12,694 61 0 22
YB3OIR 30 15 0 1 Lithuania K3MD 40,434 364 40 6 N7SJM 2,856 55 24 0
*YF4ICC 28 14 0 1 LY2NK 336 9 0 8 W3FV 35,231 304 42 7 Kazakhstan
*YB1UUU 26 13 0 1 KU2C 35,046 248 40 14 MICHIGAN UNØOA 30 2 0 2
YB9UA 26 5 0 2 Poland AG3I 31,046 364 35 3 K2PM 87,054 563 55 11
*YC1EXR 26 13 0 1 SQ2NNN 13,364 109 0 26 AA3B 30,160 334 38 2 W8MJ 68,860 543 46 9 Oman
*YB1HBO 24 12 0 1 SP4LVK 3,808 53 0 16 *K2XR 25,755 193 41 10 A44A 1,755 16 0 13
YC1LIQ 22 11 0 1 SQ2HCK 1,932 34 0 12 *W3FIZ 22,591 239 37 4 OHIO
YB1ELP 20 10 0 1 SP3CMX 513 12 0 9 *W3KB 22,310 202 40 6 N8HMG 50,380 417 49 6 Saudi Arabia
K3WJV 20,900 201 40 4 *W8WTS 24,068 248 42 2 7Z1SJ 5,015 31 0 17
*YB9ATS 20 10 0 1 WØBR 19,693 176 42 5
*YC1TJJ 20 10 0 1 Romania KA8G 22,593 189 46 5
WY3A 19,320 216 37 3 *K4YJ 18,361 191 41 2
*YB1DO 18 9 0 1 YO8BSE 19,314 132 0 29
*YE3CGG 18 9 0 1 YO8WW 11,925 95 0 25
K3OO 14,076 145 25 11 W8GNM 12,423 131 37 4 EUROPE
KB3Z 13,120 129 33 7 *KD8MQ 6,688 94 30 2 Austria
YB3AA 16 8 0 1 *K3ATO 12,546 127 37 4
*YC1EXS 14 7 0 1 Slovenia *AF8C 3,807 66 27 0 OE1TKW 47,614 248 1 37
W2GD 11,152 104 35 6 *K8LY 2,662 50 21 1 OE2LCM 13,203 99 0 27
*YB1HDR 12 6 0 1 S55N 5,940 57 0 22 K3RL 9,485 112 32 3
*YC1DAH 12 6 0 1 *N8EV 360 15 9 1 *OE6MMD 12,454 97 0 26
N3ZA 8,547 110 30 3 K8ALM 242 11 11 0
*YC3GOQ 12 6 0 1 Ukraine *KN3A 5,040 65 27 3
*YC2TDP 10 5 0 1 UT1WW 20,628 164 0 27 *N3EYF 2,109 51 18 1 Belgium
*YC2YSW 10 5 0 1 UTØNB 7,752 65 0 24 ILLINOIS OR3A 51,584 178 13 39
WA3AAN 1,080 33 15 0 AC9S 78,588 607 54 5
*YF3FBV 10 5 0 1 UT5EOX 4,626 51 0 18 K3WGR 1,040 25 15 1 ON6NL 48,552 227 2 40
USØUX 1,540 25 0 14 K9CT 43,732 323 52 6 ON8BN 38,430 174 3 39
*YB2VMC 4 2 0 1 WB3BJU 615 19 14 1 N2BJ 31,680 299 45 3
*YC1PZ 4 2 0 1 OT5L 37,138 241 0 31
ND9G 18,659 182 45 2 *ON6VJ 13,804 96 0 29
Wales ALABAMA K9NO 16,513 139 43 6
New Zealand GW9Z 5,830 53 0 22 KX4X 35,046 178 46 20 *WA9LEY 8,316 105 35 1
ZL2OK 3,552 28 11 5 W4RYW 12,012 109 38 6 Bulgaria
*NQ6N 5,890 92 31 0 LZ5I 91,248 367 2 46
*KN4PHS 1,120 25 18 2 W9YK 2,928 52 23 1
OCEANIA *K9PG 1,640 31 17 3
LZ3FN 336 8 0 8
SOUTH AMERICA Indonesia FLORIDA *LZ2ZG 280 7 0 8
Argentina YB1BML 8 4 0 1 N6AR 70,503 354 42 29 INDIANA
LU8DPM 78,276 127 33 33 YC3VRY 4 2 0 1 WO4O 10,070 103 31 7 *N4BAA 57,078 477 49 5 Crete
*LU3HS 14 2 0 2 YE3AA 2 1 0 1 *KA3EHL 60 6 5 0 W9VW 28,184 243 48 4 *SV9MBH 2,831 26 0 19
N9DR 16,254 164 40 3
GEORGIA Croatia
Brazil SOUTH AMERICA N4DU 12,358 151 34 3
*KB9RDS 9,065 109 36 1
9A5AAX 131,664 484 4 48
*PU3KNG 99 11 0 3 Brazil *AJ9C 4,650 70 29 1
*PU2KNM 50 11 0 2 NI4Y 3,612 57 25 3 *AE9LL 3,275 61 25 0 9A4MX 42,732 233 1 35
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*PU2USK 24 6 0 2 PU2USL 4 1 0 2 WO9Z 2,000 38 18 2
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*PU2LRZ 18 9 0 1 K4ISV 140,466 665 53 29 WISCONSIN Czech Republic
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Ecuador NORTH CAROLINA *OK1DPU 60,690 296 3 39
HC5DX 8,550 36 17 8 UNITED STATES N1LN 82,715 401 44 27 IOWA *OK1AY 47,878 270 1 36
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*K3IB 900 24 13 2 *N4MIO 6,240 92 29 1 ADØAB 7,960 95 39 1 OZ5E 47,696 210 2 42
*KA1VMG 816 25 15 1 K4NC 5,070 61 24 6 K3PA 1,936 41 22 0 OZ7DK 22,144 140 1 31
QRP *KE4YOG 3,618 54 24 3 *OU2V 14,645 98 2 27
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NORTH AMERICA K1JB 30,384 269 39 9 SOUTH CAROLINA KØRJW 14,711 143 46 1
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CONNECTICUT W4GE 24,920 162 42 14 KØKX 2,492 29 24 4 GØBNR 157,410 451 16 50
W1IG 60 6 5 0 MASSACHUSETTS *WØSEI 1,786 38 18 1 G4PIQ 52,430 208 5 44
W1EQO 129,244 601 54 25 TENNESSEE NUØW 960 27 16 0 *GØDTX 14,229 102 2 25
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W7BAK 4,248 78 23 1 N4RV 164,410 804 55 27
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WB4MSG 22,320 259 37 3 W2DAN 2,205 31 17 4 KE4S 18,495 148 34 11 VA2WA 30,564 177 34 2 RN3OG 47,784 224 2 42
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RC1W 531 13 0 9 *DL6UAA 34,447 208 0 37 SV2BXZ 22,671 137 0 33 *SK6QA 7,429 67 0 23 RD8D 108,805 250 0 47
*R2EA 510 21 0 6 DL5AXX 33,934 201 0 38 *SV1ONV 5,060 45 0 23 *SM4W 1,610 23 0 14 RZ9L 2,124 34 0 9
RA1QD 469 15 0 7 DL6MHW 31,707 190 4 35 SV1EJD 4,136 39 0 22 R9WXK 408 15 0 4
RG6G 88 4 1 3 DL8DBW 30,742 183 1 37 *SV4NYZ 1,442 23 0 14 Switzerland
*RA4Y 84 6 0 4 DK1AX 28,665 203 0 35 SV2BXA 828 15 0 12 HB9CXZ 159,680 474 16 48 Asiatic Turkey
DL6JZ 28,006 169 0 38 HB9DHG 124,352 409 11 47 TC3D 12,474 61 0 21
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*TA1CM 56,760 243 6 37 DJ5MW 27,234 194 0 34 HA4XH 157,294 519 9 50 HB9DUR 22,110 147 0 30
DJ9UN 26,052 161 2 37 HG2DX 90,475 374 5 42 *HB9OCR 4,020 41 0 20 EUROPE
Faroe Islands DL1MP 25,493 166 1 36 HA5PP 78,056 343 4 40 Austria
OY1R 16,830 101 0 33 DM9EE 24,605 159 2 35 *HA5DDX 385 10 0 7 Ukraine OE2S 152,195 481 12 49
DJ1AA 24,013 143 3 34 UYØZG 113,792 396 6 50
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OH1Z 52,159 238 2 41 *DH2IF 22,785 186 0 31 IK7YTT 188,695 568 13 52 *UR2Y 67,240 337 1 40 EW5A 496,524 954 25 67
OG6N 7,680 62 0 24 DF2RG 19,278 125 2 32 IC8POF 23,720 111 5 35 UT7CR 56,322 275 1 41
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OH3FM 5,346 60 0 18 DL1STG 16,704 114 1 31 4U25B 17,284 123 0 29 UY1HY 48,312 217 5 39 E7CW 243,012 696 13 53
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OH7MFO 2,055 27 0 15 *DL1BUG 15,810 124 0 30 IU4FLO 5,456 55 0 22 UT5ECZ 24,928 165 1 31
OH1XX 1,680 14 5 9 DG2NMH 13,770 104 0 30 I4VEQ 4,356 41 0 22 *UV7E 18,270 129 0 29 Bulgaria
*OH3D 1,680 23 0 14 *DJ5IW 13,140 94 1 29 *IU1IPB 2,265 32 0 15 *UT8IM 14,794 125 0 26 LZ5R 243,830 603 18 56
DL5ST 12,690 107 0 30 IZ3VTH 1,972 25 0 17 *UT7HA 14,430 95 0 30
DL3DW 12,339 106 0 27 *IU4JJP 935 20 0 11 *US6IKF 9,752 91 1 22 Czech Republic
France DK4VW 12,090 111 0 26 *IZ5OQX 408 12 0 8 *UZ1RM 5,540 60 0 20
F6EZV 35,014 168 1 40 OL7M 533,808 1123 27 61
DK2CX 12,000 89 1 29 *IK4VET 68 4 0 4 *UR5STI 4,730 47 0 22 OL1R 188,760 560 15 51
F5NBX 1,150 23 0 10 *DL2RMC 11,700 105 0 26 *UZ1WW 4,693 53 0 19
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DL7VEE 10,716 55 4 34 *RN2FA 3,825 51 0 15 *UT5EDX 3,808 50 0 17 European Russia
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DK6WL 262,352 742 20 56 *DL6RAI 10,276 82 0 28 Latvia *UW3HM 1,452 25 0 12 R7NP 51,643 244 1 42
DK2OY 233,064 719 17 55 DF5MA 8,188 88 0 23 YL2KO 13,442 100 0 26 RT3E 13,440 96 0 28
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DJ5AN 79,200 313 8 47 *DJ5CT 5,654 58 0 22 HBØWR 23,940 119 4 34 *YC2VOC 760 52 0 5 DP7D 238,533 768 17 52
DJ8QP 78,260 334 6 46 *DJ9MH 3,534 40 1 18 YCØLOU 176 14 0 4 DR4W 204,680 659 16 52
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DJ9DZ 55,470 296 2 41 *DL2MLU 2,601 36 0 17 LY2OU 89,408 414 1 43 YC1JGE 40 20 0 1 DKØTP 70,092 368 0 44
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DK7A 51,742 303 0 41 DL7UPN 924 20 0 11 LY2BAW 8,671 80 0 23 YF3CYT 20 10 0 1
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DL7URH 49,455 249 3 42 *DO4DXA 748 16 0 11 *YE3WIL 8 4 0 1
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