Moi 1 CeMen __ aeaiitites => WANE ase gO conerelé ts the most ust ely exo. Jat Gevel ereanebatite material © Constr ther [lin our SndushSl age. Gnerele fe used | ee the tonctouction “Of _ bral ges, Pie % Be sn ald crusted rte oir craft , dams Pea Ee «_monubmen!’ at archidecturat ae essential —bondling as ry fs portland Gment, uhicn is Sand ond eo es Dp cengisle_bnman hy eee aa oe cilica , alumina Livon, 94 form S as basle i voater, A subsequuntty hardens _| ee 8 and _ bh finds the. aggregates together to form a harrol dubrble Mass) called toncrele . tetogoniced as the folier ap the metern Ee ee Coment Pndlucty . lal? _Asphdin fs generally + Scanned by CamScanner_| Cement 294 TH fs defined ase reund mixture calietum ‘Pe, land _stlicates | of vaviing: composition, fein h Diodes whers mixed faite | 10 form afd continous shuclire cuilh— ECO Pee tempi atreny Se Ts shi = Bees nae Ala 4 2 oe ie used (for ale ral foe. eae a material enter posse sce PS _____ adhesive and cohesive properties and are bs — of Se ee ne an are = ee spo Gments 8 Ip Natural Cument™ ms (W) Puzzolana Cement” fil) Stage Coment IN) Portiand ament_ {Nena Coe s Dr fs mad eat Se ea) itch ar Maelo Me store ata Ble. he Sa nq- | the.® + 4-Cdlcined mace Caletum Plitates 2 Ee Seritice are forme a the combination, Lica & alumina wi Calefum oxfde duv: ea Tl caltingtian, “t ee ay roperties 8» oF t possecces pene Bes: —gptalities possesses Uelatvel {bogs i is Uses 2+ PH ts used fp ee masses of @ Be | conirelec such as dame brig fourdatons e5e) _ > Mortars ( tombination Of Sand wilh Bs Be. natal tement) I< used % et bricks Trae Selire Stones e = a E U0) Purzelana Gment sas i St fs oldest Cament inverried by Romans, | This fs made & Wei fe qulnding = _natural puzzolana 2. galtked lime. Natural | puzzolana fs deposit @f- voleanic ash _ e f_cwclin va. Lava fh Scanned by CamScanneros first miveo) silty portland | cement then used_for a Re OB am me wi ee ee z PETS: -made._from dratec| Ume & blast — furnace. i A mitre Of c alumni. Beas yA geet adc Da Fs qwanulake | ba pausing: ibinto @_stear_f- Cold eaater, Then ft: Fs* caied & mixed setthy hypdreacded me, Then the _mincture fs pulverized . Sometime: , accelerator tike Clay, Satt are aolded tt shasien the me a ropes. a ee jes tot Slag cement a See, ge Po have. 1 ve ttt tg t+ Used for -matage cee bulk Conshuctien, fio) Portia tam Gneat ‘i : . pice oe fg made. caleinin a me op Sg ae fiaeais Se Peeper proportioned mitre of cle 3% Uime odie eae nian th Eneination, vetarcter "ike gypsum ace." ;2 dy Ta. foaiy Jicalefum Pl eceee Sec ae asater, and ee |LORTLAND CEMENT fraud qregin mirlyre Het and aluminats o5'5 a small. psu which ere Capable cherical reactions ot Lortiand ek a a mixture of the fees Bicom WAR A tet i an u——— | § Fe i FORMULA JABBREVIAI Name HE ER Re ee is Cad: S709 1Gass Tricalefuny Silica le = 3g Cad: AlsOs C3A _ [Tricateum Aunicnt) ie SB # ACAD: Alz0s,. Per03 C4 A a qe wine _| | zoom ay S SID) Oxide. Zab a E cfuuno _ Oxide. Scanned by CamScannermags wich Fetermbled Stone _ Gana’ on the Tele of Aortiand , England. - - Portiand: cement is a Safa Letnert nek brand name. ach cement Mmanivfac- turer maker orttand cement ota poriiar dA ements ate hydraulic cernenly because _ Ret N hivden pnden enamine “alla, aS Atthough the use_of- -portiand Cerne __ "= being made for te_past. ee eet A re, but” - e the ae oe of tt Ts_ve much_templicated. pes LDP fist je tdea about 3 —__conetituenl® and the part_playec consfittents tn Jenpertiog ‘the pre = Bi Ta the femcecs Sf Setlig Haedeniog 2 z CHEMICAL. SQDIRREITION OF PORNAND CEMENT. | 28 Fer practical purposes fotttend cement map a be Considered as Bett Sombores! ef Tieau fees prac pa constituents viz. j Umer —aluming | 2h adaltttor tethese.., most 2 the amen Contin A frat anpunt Of Tron-exfde. _memesiom oxfole. +Sulbhur boride 2 other materials, The Geri forthe. ‘ len Je basis Fare @. nor ae Setting op __ forttand Cement 4 Scanned by CamScanner@ | [eee Siete OK DE i |RERCENTAGE| S tellit o9e slCa) | 60-6:'/, ge deo C5 0))) [uiF-254) _ Alumina CAhOx) | i8=8 f i dalron Oxide Cfe.08). | 0.564 2 te Ma anecia CMG) Ont /| 1 Sulphur tioxie (Cog). | 1-3 | Mikal Oxide (Coca sPotastl a, a= =I) zs op] Rite ermsct_compestion 9p ten % 22 giver Yon Ydeo about the conctitunt present. 3 ié does nol 4 indicale: hou chee conchtuenly & wre_ actual ined In tt. During the manufac— fe Ss jeture Of cxme nl. ‘the Ingredient oF rau oe J ials _tombbine Fo form Compound ee Ee —— Scanned by CamScanner<5 baste _Caltium carbenale. fron IndushsetL__ 2 prmcesces. b) Argillace ous Materials These are dre. eubgioncet sont sept main Silica, Alumina & fron oxide. <4 my Shale, blast ae } ee t —leoot tdust fe blown peer the _pper ends The reactions “are pace & Clinke, Pats is domed. a Hi) Sem oas DRY process. a Dn thie process, the vars ete tate ane | dawg , but pate eee a ASA por , the Tavs meal _ tuts ef it 10- He, uoorter ‘fn Aru tape nodalic.er i The nectuler are. fea On a frovel i eh get died at bedowe_ entert a Short x0 Dee ‘are bunsr te dams censent” ! Clinker, h eT —_____ SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS i+ used are clay. » Slate. eo Scanned by CamScanneraa manufacture, | Coa sArmate oi). 2 natural rm Can be uted estas sept Natural gor tc ccarct fri Drolin ae ac i il i expensive & i general onl uted = 1 the. amanufathure Of vohite cermeni- % Special qMalit —teuments. Grade 1 ot Dal Fs alloted for cument= manufacture, | O09 materials” are enished in ie Zila Cruchers . Then « are fro S a tube or ball rile, 3 bE 4 he. Aone T5 primar Pace loanrones Sere. @ 2es ve aces the ace Linge Er 4D an_app-_ Phe =515) 2 in secondary orugher_ is reduces dhe Size ston 3-Gier) eee | Ning y the vor Seem are. Oeuf hot: aie & pulye~ Fited. Tr wet milling the WwW materials are ground with S07 40% Of voater £5 Scanned by CamScanner) _ Concrete cilos where ae ee nept Lagitated with compressed Zire there, the Yaw rmederialt “ome.cert Ta fits) proportion. te. camcestien vali.n lalhen the 15s Guts. a cormple Ts dao) _* Pea Hed, Dp the cw is not ef the wegpsited /.tornpositfen,, _ Ts corrected bf acai. (Me egal quanthag a) ie cela Tou “maka. wi = _ Then, neem fro the _ cCoscection valk poet Ealifeed | pagins Where 4 see pan | a= coe tun) tt Ys fed to the rote | mh @ | Burning mix to clinker fo _ eS Kin Poi on ee i rotary “ity fs ato phesizental Ghee se ene ned with _refra. Yor Demichene ee J ec a tp ee Uaas fA rotations pa minute - * e_ process the anit of ___ production. deterns aes = < & IO- 120 wt proest] a aa Liameder Scanned by CamScanner@ _ : Jabouts $= 6" to allows the materials fed Lat one end to. travelSlowly tacthe. diving and dike end. jh aon —— The Metln Bs_cupported ceyeral softies .adhlens sno roller the Kiln age yet AC commutator motor. a Raw MATERIAL ( K oe EIDE GaAs) LNGUINED yb PULVERMSED Vth FIRE BRICKS i2 | ae —jaiferent Zonet} fnereasin temperate | (A). The. Upper jraats oda the kilo" fs Kno.» | ¥ Las DRYING ZONE, vohere the temper. bead CCS. RC bt AO Os. a =. | Dochts zone, most of the usater Ts driven out of the 40.4402 -Fe.p ages CGAP) Be Lenin Lcd z<3i i feur@ | s BE eet compouncds then. conrbine tegetrce Powis Cement Clinkerc y va 7 Clinker formation Rs an _exothensic_ fhe. Compesitiar— Uinker clepencls upon the ratio CaAt CAP vonien Fs i T, 4 Know, ra. bi Bra E oF : ~~ Scanned by CamScannerfs coolest by Various syelenx Such ao — : a coolers, laheear coolers, Py the {tookr, the ctinier fs “Covled cst [h7 Jatmesphefc air, ‘the hot air £6 peedun, | {fc stieSa) for ie coal betore ee ao attay —— = 2 . = t ! Ji ite. ie di SeIoF epencu om the xale_ ~oef- cooling . Seno, so sxooUni O} dhe Clinker Should be et58 # Hi tO_proctiics. a definite ts —s2 “Sef nlc ae a eee. Sap oe Bake gf footing OF linker, f ) at - the ate __coptin. Of Clinker Ps _ —.Slovd, the waralling form ef Aca \tium = ___gitUcate Cas) Vis Converted tre pouodere. 4 — fosm whide> hes noe _sirdin —pepetty This ; eS pactee fe Known Qa“ Dusting" Gam. yale of éooling ot eUnker & me oa eee the wonrole: Hay ee ie on Ipsec 1s solidified 2 Steyr ete sa dfemation _of- nef crqstalline compounds Uke “Cad: BAP U2 ae of Welcg mest tne Scanned by CamScanner@® | Ugta f+ ; i a Cro TAR CUA Ket he cmptaltised ——_— a taletue (Slfelen 7 shee Ayes Ai Be eae Ti _cthe tument, ? 6) Grind 2} Linker sith Gapsum, ___[The teobd tlinkers are ther cal 253"). Gypsum into a fire. powder tn tube b saehpsilh 2 PrAest doorapid Cetting ef the trast, as he finer the coment, the t +e fis the bee a lent Strength of The Concrele mace of it, _ cer Grd Oath Es |The cement — coming. Out Gf dhe : mills ts stored “in “Omcrele © Gil whicd it fs fed te azustemaic packing: mathines. The: Urrent i Shen packed © 3. sping obout Sb ke net -Cment gf fut b a1 é wv Scan wl ; EZ 2 g5e DRY PROCESS oi ea et 235 The raw material (time ste occhalk & erushed_In Gyratory Crushers inte —_repeitte ae roporlions tb get ass ss mix, Which is etored en Stor 1n called Sunos ,& Kept veaol¢ to Joe ks +4ed & aw Kil [WE Te RROCE GCs teu Bh ee tthe. Calcareoust rato reatertalr are piu povodered 4 ¢ Soe ay op chanks ks calles SiO a Dy Jacepus mackrial ts ee, &7 4 Ox IE pF ieee onal 2 X woathed Udel- Rarw are alloweq WW ee —|pabsinl ore led To i Bing walle. i ——. — nt meer eae a led wun F eel. Chorin torn posifion = a Scanned by CamScanner5 The stury ag Wats finally stored tn siles 15 Be Lagtatinn q xe i@ - walk; ol rary ett eal fo feeding ts s. —_\Medik A Demeriti 2 Wer & Process cS Rr Reece: ner _procece, as. fh is Sloe and 1. is_com pages tively es + cect Procons faster & Cheaper Ee er es oo the duet Comstumpiion the ge Fs loco. = _Consun biG . = Ls SB Kilots suff- 3 Longer. eas gh ident needed te dive off ‘e553, the der. ae Z woater iah The quality } ee 4. The quality 24 ames p¥2e produced fs ipfevior __predutos! ic “cuperior pare ozs 3 TAS mpre accurale be Se 3 Lembo Of Composition = tat PANE Can be attained & this process tc adopled © This pokes tS ae | Fe eee too) referced when f are yoru bard ae raw mecerials ‘ ¥ Scanned by CamScannerScanned by CamScannerPlows Dia Loxtiand Genent ot | x3 , Raus Meleriake - Ufaleareeus) Lime. fone clay Cagis 5 om Saag eee i ae ee a oo =| += r pa ung =a) = Rater ae ane = ie | rghit Ceo 9f Enkei) Do Bia sat (Grit ar im “y ce Sitprment 4— Packaging| heredy Becks. 6 . Je re) ee | BK - | Rekha Nayar. . . . nar ct pole Wemhion “Tain & Todm . an cpg | ‘ eck. 9 Aka Pubhicahion, ——_achicat Bi oa a —e— ‘New ng inetriny matentofaR Co) ~| = = o | P OP ENA RS tof nemo ny, tthe, 20 | ime 0f solar L | _ Std ‘olso____dsect ‘e a ‘ / - , a tonwonlue_plopertian — ‘ a __ O— Cavelny 7 -iia (Filet) Test pills (ball valle) (i> | gerd te wi i 2 _ : A ai tape - Pot der of lem a 7 _ | | | | dn His 9 i) a CaO S10, —S CaO. Si0y bea fs _s CoS _ aw LP oy Dicahinn, 2; licate _ 2) 3 Coa O4 SO — > Can 6.5 O04 _ i Cy S _ “Fei calcium Aili cahet= \ | | | Chewaishy a CoB x ho Lone Cyst Ms atinn 2.609. SID Ho scans Payalclyshs ipl ul fcpalien, — 8 4 Faxden : _% CaO .Ss02x Jy o al + [2okz_ Cy AF -