Christianity

Founder
• Jesus of Nazareth
was born of a
virgin named
Mary, who was
supposed to wed
Joseph, a
carpenter in a
manger in
Bethlehem.
• Jesus was raised as a Jew, he obeyed the laws and
learned Hebrew scriptures. Thus, he was condemned
to death due to His unorthodox teachings, through
the aggressiveness of the Chief Priests and Pharisees.
History
• Jesus Christ founded the Christianity in
Jerusalem, on Pentecost Day of the year
33 AD, fifty days after His resurrection.
The Holy Spirit came down upon the
followers of Jesus, in the form of wind
and fire, to inspire them to spread their
leader’s teaching and starting to
evangelized the people in the name of
Christ
• The globalization of
Christianity was done
by St. Paul, formerly
known as Saul, who
travelled across the
globe to gives the
message of Christ and
to founded many
churches. Thru, his
efforts Christianity
become known in the
Roman Empire.
• About 64 AD , Rome was devastated by a terrible fire. A
persistent rumour said that the Emperor Nero did it to
blame the growing number of Christians. So as a result,
Nero persecuted a great number of Christians may be in the
form of burning, crucifixion and exposure to wild beasts.
• The most terrible persecution of the
Christians was launched under Emperor
Decius in 249 AD and the last was occurred
under Diocletian in 303 AD.
• The Roman
persecution ended in
313 AD with Emperor
Constantine the
Great through the
Edict of Milan, he
granted permanent
freedom of religion
to the Christians.
• Emperor Constantine
promoted the material
and spiritual welfare of
the church. He is also
considered as the first
Christian Roman
Emperor in the history
but he was baptized
only at his death-bed.
• In 380 AD, Emperor
Theodosius
eliminated paganism
and made
Christianity the only
official religion of
the roman empire.
• The barbarians were North European
populations that began migrating
southward, around the year 400 AD. The
Visigoths were the first Barbarians to
defeat the Roman Army followed by Huns
who invaded and plundered the Roman
Empire with diabolic violence. In 568 AD,
the Longbards made bloody raids
throughout the Italy, causing famine and
deadly pestilence.
• The religion of
Islam, was founded
in Arabia by
Mohammed in the
year 622 AD.
• Christians in Europe
trembling with fear
to the Muslim
because of their
rapid growing
number and their
large conquered-
ruled territory.
• When the Muslim captured Jerusalem,
Christians with the authority of the pope do
their best to recaptured it by doing the
Crusades. The crusades was called and
organized by Pope Urban II on 1096-1099
• After the death of
Charlemagne in 814,
the Holy Roman
Empire fell into ruins.
St. Francis and St.
Dominic repaired the
wakening church by
making the order of
Franciscan and
Dominicans.
• Hence, there was a
time that the whole
populace of
Christianity got a
confusion on who
will rule when the
Great Schism
happened, the ruling
of the 3 popes.
• The vast reformation done in the church
was happened during the construction of
St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome, when Martin
Luther outraged by the practice of selling
indulgences. On October 31, 1517, Luther
posted his famous Ninety-five Theses on
the door of the Wittenberg Church.
• The vast
reformation done in
the church was
happened during
the construction of
St. Peter’s Basilica in
Rome, when Martin
Luther outraged by
the practice of
selling indulgences.
• On October 31, 1517, Luther posted his
famous Ninety-five Theses on the door of the
Wittenberg Church and he gets
excommunicated because of that and
repudiated his religious vows and married a
former nun. His followers grew and it was
called Lutheran or Protestant.
• Today Christianity have different modes
of interpreting, following or knowing
Jesus crystalized into hundreds of
churches and denominations.
Sacred Books
• Christian Bible includes the Hebrew Bible
as their Old Testament, and the New
Testament.
• The New Testament is divided into four
parts: the Gospels, the Acts of the
Apostles, the Epistles, and the Revelation
Place of Worship
Antipolo Cathedral
Religious Organization
Belief System
• The majority of the Christians believe that there is
only one God but he has different persona: God the
Father (Yahweh/El Shadai/Jehovah), God the Son
(Jesus Christ), and the God the Holy Spirit.
• The Holy Trinity have different roles in the
humanity. It was the God the Father who
created the world, and God the Son often
speaks about Him in the Gospels. Jesus
was sent to save the world from sin. And
the God the Holy Spirit appeared in the
Baptism of Jesus and was also sent down
to the disciples to guide them in
spreading Christianity and guide also the
believers.
• Christian holds that Jesus is the “Son of
God or the incarnation of God”; the
bearer of the gospel; the messiah; the
King of all kings; he resurrected on the
third day of his death and ascended into
the heaven after 40 days, and the way,
the light and the guide to the father.
• Christians agree that without Jesus Christ,
the faith they identify themselves with
would not exist.
• The whole Christian conviction could be
summarized in Jesus’ two great
commandments:
-Love the Lord your God with all your heart and
with all your soul and with all your mind
-Love your neighbor as you love yourself
• Christians believe in the life after death.
After death, the soul will be judged
according to his deeds in his life in the
world, and either will go to heaven or
hell.
• There is also a belief in Purgatory, where
there is temporary punishment for those
who do not deserve to go either in
Heaven or Hell.
• Most of the Christians believe and also
devoted to Mary, the mother of Christ.
• Christians believed on the fruits of the
sacraments, signs of God’s grace:
1. Baptism
2. Eucharist
3. Confirmation
4. Reconciliation
5. Matrimony
6. Ordination
7. Anointing
• Saint is referred to a Christian who has
lived a particularly good and holy life on
earth, and with whom miracles are
claimed to have been associated after
their death.
• Prayer is the means by which Christians
communicate with God. The Christians
are encouraged to address their prayer to
the Father and submit it through Jesus
Christ. 
Sign & Symbol
 The Donkey and Ox
• The donkey and the ox symbolize that the humblest and
least of the animal creation were present when jesus was
born and that they recognized him as the son of god.
The Bee
• The bee, because of its industrious habits, has become
the symbol of activity, diligence, work, and good order.
The Dove
• The dove has been the symbol of purity and peace.
 The Fish
• The most frequent use of the fish is as a symbol of Christ.
The Grasshopper Or Locust
• The grasshopper, or locust, was one of the plagues visited
upon the Egyptians because the pharaoh’s heart was
hardened against the word of the lord.
The Lamb
• The lamb, as a symbol of Christ, is one of the favorite, and
most frequently used, symbols in all periods of Christian
art.
 The Apple
• In Latin, the word for apple and the word
for evil, malum, are identical. It is for this
reason that the legend has grown up that
the tree of knowledge in the garden of
Eden, the fruit of which Adam and eve
were forbidden to eat, was an apple tree
(genesis 3:3). The apple may also be
symbolic of Christ, the new Adam, who
took upon himself the burden of man’s
sin.
 The Grape
• Bunches of grapes with ears of grain were some-times
used to symbolize the wine and bread of holy
communion. In general, the grape, like the eucharistic
wine, is a symbol of the blood of Christ. 
The Laurel
• The laurel symbolizes triumph, eternity, and chastity
 The Olive
• The olive is a true biblical tree, a tree "full of fatness"
which yields great quantities of oil. Its rich yield
symbolized the providence of god toward his children.
The olive branch has always been regarded as a
symbol of peace.
The Palm
• Among the romans, the palm frond was traditionally
the symbol of victory.
 The Reed
• The reed is one of the symbols of the passion, for, on
the cross, Christ was tendered a sponge soaked in
vinegar on the end of a reed. It thus symbolizes the
humiliation of greatness.
The Thorn
• Thorns and thorn branches signify grief, tribulation,
and sin. It is a symbol of martyrdom
The East
• East, being the direction in which the sunrise appears,
is symbolic of Christ, the sun of the universe.
 Honey
• The purity and sweetness of honey have made it a
symbol of the work of god and the ministry of christ.
Paradise, the reward of the faithful in their labors for
christ, is known as "the land of milk and honey."
Oil
• Oil is the symbol of the grace of god. It is used in the
church in the sacraments of baptism, confirmation,
ordination, and union.
 Smoke
• Symbolically, it is a reminder of the shortness of this life
and the futility of seeking earthy glory. The anger and
wrath of god were of times indicated by smoke.
The Star
• The star, lighting the darkness of the heavens at night, is a
symbol of divine guidance or favor. The star of the east,
often seen in pictures of the magi, was the star that guided
the wise men to Bethlehem and stood in the sky over the
manger where Christ was born.
 Water
• Water is a symbol of cleansing and purifying.
Wings
• Wings are the symbol of divine mission. That is why
the angels, archangels, seraphim, and cherubim are
painted with wings.
Blood
• By its very nature, blood is the symbol of life and of
the human soul. Red, the color of blood, has become
the common attribute of all those martyrs who died
rather than deny Christ.
 I H S, I H C
• These letters are the first three letters OF IHSUS, or
IHCUC, the name of Jesus in Greek. The S and the C
are variant forms in the Greek alphabet. This refers to
the legend that Constantine, on the eve of battle and
before his conversion, had a vision. In this vision he
beheld a banner on which these words were
inscribed: "In Hoc Signo Vinces" (in this sign you will
conquer). After victory in the battle, he is said to have
embraced the Christian religion. Furthermore, these
letters are sometimes misinterpreted as being an
abbreviation of the Latin phrase, "Iesus Hominum
Salvator" (Jesus Savior of Men).
 The Foot
• The human foot, because it touches the dust of the
earth, is used to symbolize humility and willing
servitude.
Bells
• Bells in church towers and spires summon the faithful
to worship.
The Censer
• A censer is the vessel in which incense is burned. It is
cup-shaped, with a pierced cover, and is suspended by
chains. In Christian symbolism, the smoke of the
incense symbolizes the prayers of the faithful
ascending to heaven.
 INRI
• These represent the first four letters of the Latin
words, “Jesus Nazarenus Rex Judaeorum,” meaning
“Jesus of Nazareth, king of the Jews.”
XP
• Xp: the two Greek letters Chi and Rho, which most
frequently appear in a monogram, are the first two
letters of the Greek word for Christ. The combination
of these two letters readily gives the form of a cross.
Furthermore, as rho resembles “p” and chi is similar
to “x” , the monogram could be read as the Latin
word pax, meaning peace.
 The Cross
• The cross is one of the oldest and most universal of all
symbols. It is, of course, the perfect symbol of Christ
because of his sacrifice upon the cross. In a broader
sense, however, the cross has become the mark or
sign of the Christian religion, the emblem of
atonement, and the symbol of salvation and
redemption through Christianity.
The Chalice
• A chalice is the cup from which the consecrated wine
and water of the Eucharist are partaken at holy
communion. It refers to the last supper and the
sacrifice of Christ upon the cross, thus, the chalice is a
symbol of the Christian faith
Clothing & Accessories
Ceremony/Ritual/Festival
 All Saints Day
Is a holiday honoring all
Christian saints. In
Western Christianity, All
Saints' Day begins at
sundown on October 31
(Halloween) and finishes
at sundown on November
1 (All Saints' Day).
Advent
The season of
Advent (adventus,
"coming") marks
the beginning of
the church year
and the approach
of Christmas. 
 Christmas
Is the celebration of the birth of Jesus. The English word
"Christmas" derives from the old English Christes
maesse, or "Christ's mass." 
 Boxing Day
Celebrated in Great Britain, Canada, Australia and New
Zealand, this was when servants and the poor were
traditionally given gifts. 
 Epiphany
The celebration of
Epiphany (epiphaneia,
"manifestation") recalls the
visit of the Magi,
symbolizing Christ's
manifestation to Gentiles. 
 Lent
Lent is a 40-day period of fasting and repentance in
preparation for Easter. 
 Ash Wednesday
The first day of Lent, a period of fasting that leads up to
Easter. Its central ritual is placing of ashes on the
forehead. 
 Palm Sunday
Palm Sunday is the sixth Sunday of Lent and the last
Sunday before Easter. It commemorates the triumphal
entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. 
 Good Friday
Good Friday is the
Friday before Easter
Sunday. It is a solemn
holiday commemorating
the crucifixion of Jesus
Christ.
 Easter/Lord's Day (Sunday)
Easter is the spring festival
that celebrates the
resurrection of Christ. It is the
oldest Christian holiday and
the most important day of the
church year. In Christianity,
the day of the week devoted
to rest and worship is Sunday,
or the "Lord's Day."