din ; Qnenunssue ueuAugneunssy TaamdAquusenisuiwetinussssu auudufimuacduseneutudoueuoustaas fideileaesinay fiftuoties Tun nsan%d nina, Jaqitrndudcunueud annie Sau maansuduyunianin hud Fudou vaviaquarqunialusenaunueumiudl nn dAquartuiluadratngaanuacd a senaunadaaazarniitsluniaaan aqueiacaianaviausenaunedselund qoqavintiuilna Fudqulseneuserqnaiw- TNE UEUMUTENEUAIIAQuarssiAN iu lauy, wasiiind, Iwaiwed, Jaqnaulwan ardanaud Mathaudusuud useneud Fudqudre7 sauviiueudumhautsfua Poutiaw, wfesuumuavgunsalssay devin nainiagussinnvaiasiia sandratamy duFuumarnddosnratunrdauiag Aazisindaailual (new ceramics, fine «cy daftest advanced ceramics) Nay aed : bonwnevaisianaansoalslalu qawwnanenuaudynssinn eramics, Aindaagy : insiindasiellual (New ceramics, fine ceramics, advanced ceramics), \w7sind fuqnaunss: uruunecl a WIRD Loney AB PabAeEes sos): asters) hoacle , . snc) NAMI) (semiconducting ceramics), IAQAL, 2. nevuaumstugu Abstract The automotive industries is a im- portant thing for day life. The manufactur- ers both composing and producing automo- tive parts could concern a variety of factors such as processing, materials for automotive parts, life time of materials, and investment etc. The manufacturers could understand properties and useful of materials to select suitable for each part. Each part of automo- tive composed of many kinds of materials ie. metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and alloys. For example, the car contains materials parts from front car bumper to rare car bumper. For this topic to specify ad- vanced ceramic materials which have many kinds of types such as insulators, electron— ics, semiconducting ceramics, magnets can be used in automotive industries. Key words : New ceramics, Advanced ce~ ramics, Semiconducting ceramics, Raw materials, Ceramic processing 1 anvat mAiaimanssniag Ane AInsNAM AAT AMnEaLINEASM AATz=... 1. umin Taqiiudiasiiindadellval (new ceramics, fine ceramics, advanced ceramics) uiagiiunumndyrglunegnerunssn tdesainifudaqiisznaudausiquas arvsusenauuseinnlaue (metallic or semimetallic) wax alauy (non-metallic) 794) agluanmsenaunsrfindtetawiuaiudan Wuselaviauyi (covalent bond) viiliilura dowwiluasewinvermonianindudwnaly Tanradraifinnviaudsuns, yauaanuargetu ursdilniqauaanimargstis 5,000 a3Ar Wmaltue uararrsoiwalangangion ‘iunersuseneutlsenaudwsiqariueu (C), wedunilen (Ge), neu (Si) vax alien (Te) douusstianiarinaiianiisne Wuselaaafin (ionic bond) aisznausae Haan auuarioFudannseaunriely awassiulanatianainseudivarnan saatheveslassatslundail Whur aaseneu FMlaseaFauwu Rock salt wu MgO, MnO, Tnssai uuu Wurtzite-Zinc blende iu BeO, ZnS, lasaa}1auuu Spinel-Invert spinel itu MgAl,O,, Fe,O,, Corundum iu AL,O,, larvaiyauuys Rutile (iu MgF,, MnF,, PbO,, TiO,, larsatrouuy Fluorite iu ThO,, UO,, ZrO,, Ted, uaz Tassai sun Perovskite tu CaTiOs, BaTiOs, SrTiOs udu Fausiiaunsrind FeNiFeO,, larva uuu uTaqfiulee ‘laiiniiea wsindeaaniinis UFunlauulassayosuardouraenauvil qoute) gatu Hethadu anaien ganauuasdunsrsAlA HqananiAlisuas aunt 50 Usz#il 2546 (du Wuluufarnuas (optic fiber glass) sranimilwilariqungiionuarsedi¢ngs Fuiigquugiiganntu Aauauiinady ‘Whwacuaiwain uansiniarauisussnes Faquiaintulouaneauaniinrsdu viusiausina (compressive strength) uaz aqiuuis (hardness) nusaarniau (thermal shock resistance) wusiaaranil (che: (corrosive resistance) an sau TUnaaily HAnAmuAniquanimnintyi voaieu thugs sauiaqnantanoadruualinan uansiniqruantimieiu) vosusiazs iii Guasluifiunéntedlusendinauauny WAnazdouvliqmaniAnaaguaaiy te , ee , Qiuviooadwisendanasulussniy al resistance) nusanranhantau AIsuIuNIaHAR |rANdrIlAduaindA| Faniiossenouraueh osAusenautuld a Gibb’s Phase rule vilWiaquariiindél Tassatrsuuunarsiwa (multiphase) uaz wanusrg (multielement) vililAMassainah vannuartl qaenunaaeuauaiugnarunass Aiaquasrdindgmitulinaunuiaqussinndu viu laus Iwawe? us: danoud evn mosiaquanindiiquaninuiga wai manuanaieu nudanisianieureanin Wraden 728 uavernndinintuidesnn mauiluiiventemas daedniiunisth ‘WltiudouudsenaumelusnlW sogum souaimailad soussyn iasfuuace eam tihudu daqiiuilnnanensruuncsfing aa wc) Xone aad atitilwal (advance ceramics) ‘amautanile quai uauselemd denn 1 sani aeiiuladnuasiind itlwaifilartumdadnewin Feaarscuris muito quanimuerdssten eidulddiquanianimaneiunalls udquussnavlugneiunssenusul iu Festus (automotive engines) au QUAM sYhUVAMATEEURAAUZUL IWAN automotive electronic engine control jodules) S1ulUsNuArsauyU (brake discs ind rotors) wtsaiindlasiaiin (semi-con- lucting ceramics) aUQUnUATINIAUNTe szifemunrtourourtesduuaruq )2N7A (insulation tiles) WaLFieu (spark plugs) aznszantizAy (safety glasses) vilusiu win ulavaridunludausesateiud anyau (heat engines)vsanidluvas woludidemas sewudnreneudanian ndSnvarudaudes) Fokuduenaaind idludoadthmaunududauilsienansony avFoulMlauass idu saunlusiuarsdagn xtfla (combustors and ignitors) unsdli a ° Bg Ral wen tne tnt . = F MN 1 NIssUWUNNAARUMES indie Mio Mnimsl dew quauia uaciselent anuiauvia dadvuanuieu (regenera- tors) faviusesieFesuuet (turbine) rdquaz gnilu (valves and ball bearings) ehquita: uvaugnguaesiataseust (engine piston caps and rings) @149U?@U "| (ceramic cylinder lin- ers) azavlafindrauaiimaly (honeycomb catalytic convertors) urluseasnuAn Nia (in- sulation liner) wav‘ads (seal rings) luda 2. JagnGuasdinduacnssuauNns Fonaursriindaralzenauage aaAulsznauiiua (uni-component) vie varueasAusznau (multi-component) lat uvamalsslumineamnilteunsl nszaniisia (safety glasses): usenaudantanr (silica; SiO,) dau usenaunananeinned wlaaursaiasi 7 (Sodium feldspar, Potassium feldspar way Calcium feldspar) lnauylaasanlad (Sodium hydroxide) nzaudtn (Boric acid)EGE 54 Saonssuas un. usreraseneudy 4 viuagiuiiedfuqa- antawwmunnaiou unaievaantan unntiGuneanlad wiaasisenauiauy winging) Weiinauarenaailvinines das Aavvadvlunnh 2 wax 3 Taunnsivt Fuguuy laminated glass uaztinunseuouns ‘WinainFau (heat treatment) uu tempered glass vihinssanilAdiaciuudsuss nusia nagyaiauazusnta (scratching and break- ing resistance) wanarntinizantnanladey aqnuiwiluags (high toughness) vivl¥i ane » 7 nw 4 anuaslassasazas perovskite ‘a4 superconductors (superconducting magnets) Hlassaios uuu Spinel - Invert spinel lasaa? osu Rare-earth garnet, lasaaiauuu Orthoferrites uaz lasaaFrauuu Imenites ‘Laur ferrite (MgFe,O,, MnFe,O,, YIG: yttrium iron garnet, LalG:Lanthanum iron gamet), MnZn, aut 50 Us=d1 2546) ACuMNLIPIMUPIaKTINA (compressive stress) Wa daunauqumarnaiuuadatas aud daussuuldiuacinsiind hava (automotive elec—tronic engine control modules) and (semiconducting ceramics :usenauaae Welaaaavin (piezoelectrics| Wadlsianvin(ferroelectrics) waive’ Ts€.aaviin (antiferroelectrics) 4ailassaiy uuu Perovskite aun uuduvluniua (BaTiO,), CaTiO,, PbTIO,, PZT ium A wad © ethernet mis Madhanrsduainansiais waluldiusaln NiZn, ZnO, MfeO,, MCoO,(M= La®*, Ca” Sr?*, Ba?*, Y°* uaz rare earth ions) MnTiO,, CoTiO,, PbFe,,0,,, BaFe,,0, luau ansnmohinamulutudoumen ‘Wd Choke coil, power transformer, inductot antenna rod, loading coil, deflection yokedomau - ward Memory cores, switch cores, magnetic am- plifiers hud sautaanamauawan (super- conductors) Gsiflassva¥ aun Perovkite Lauri YBa,Cu,O,_6, TI,Ba, Ca,Cu,0,,_6, (La,Ba),Cu0, 5 tHasviniludaqiiiad miniillafigennn (high resistivity) Hanow fa lnunsnanannersaamumlssnauaie Y,0,, BaCO, uaz CuO Aatinvasnisn uwiuansahdauaallinuslveau (express train) Iudseinadijy dani 5 auqunuaansau (insulation tiles) : usenaudon nssifeanniindvie quai aindiindeutiadowtanwaragiiwy (ceramic tiles coated with silica / aluminum oxide) sautianaracssrfind (glass ceramics) Rani 6 Aisurmeynrenlsewins 0.1-1.0 Tuasou Woilesiufsduasariuzeuan Lasuan doadnamsirauiuaniauliyhn dunriveurtasfuuazermaunuiannm muguugilagatis 2,300 asmwisulad finwih 7 Ulesananuauclanahaiy polycrystalline structure PnAIUMUWHNgS (dense network of crystal nuclei)fasvn dqulsenauaasnaraasdindusenauade TiO,, P,O,, ZrO, vnilarsaivesniania (growth of the crystalline phase) satis vesnaravamiing Wun Li,O-AL,0,-SiO,, MgO-A1,0,-SiO,, Na,O-BaO- A1,0,- SiO, Muiu Faivasnrmanaraasaind amAoualavesnseifassindytoque taming Aa anuudeuregendauia Ain wuiuiadelAfuanateum nuavwieu (thermal shock resistance) ON sHUTTES ON sHuTTES UPees Roues racks hen 4 a » zy mW 6 auqunuaniutauaniind a WANATOIUY vocsimeace new a = = MINK 7 NI MUARITAMBAANITTL qmugiidoasin 7 wWatviau (spark plugs) : usenau sau agin (Alumina; AL,O,) sfiauearn FaMMlassat auuuanaelnusavtoniiaunsae Saillassatrauuugnural Alanwtansgs Gaus 94 ulefdud Tul esmidtulsly meniavaiuuinudaguugimeluiasEE 56 SAONSSUAIS UN. ance) ‘aitis wwilval (thermal shock 1093 axminadun nusiainahifimtuiessin maiutlwit (chemical attack resistance) ‘ti uluadinaa uanaindaarilailadianniings (dielectric strength) musianrsulaeuulas rerQnng’ Mamwii sway 9 aansaniain ‘lati injection molding vita hot isostatic pressing P) oa 7 DWN 9 MWUAAIVIUNGULITINA uacudusassy avuft 50 Us: 2546 aqutusnuazmavyy (brake dises and rotors) : usznauaa Iaquseney verariueau-ariuauuudanauarslun (carbon-carbon composited on silicon carbide), miuoulviuefutanaunrlua viongiiun (carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide and alumina) #an wi 10 asvn FAnauarsludifayinwuaunrsuns (diffusion) varazmanmsuauvie coke dinlluazney vavtanau Aqnuniiqslavis pressureless sintering, reaction bonding, hot pressing, Way chemical vapor deposition (CVD) vitlitfia Uulanatuuuantelnuea laudoulug) avagluguvauaaninein doutanay eniludinaslasinnisuauns CVD sag luplvesiumwain Fanaunrfludiinaala aefldnariuudegeusznic 2,400 HK Wt Qqmugiive: nuquugiigussaim 2,150 ANeiTaLTea UArMuusAuuszaTc 30 MPa gwen 3-4 wWleddiue Pans HaulelaFuanioum warden thermal shock resistance wansiniiagit = = 4 anual dlunrsanauiusnanussinnwild MW 10 usamUMsHAmAsrind Iniuadlugamounssaeuusn mwit 11 suusnsagustaintanaululash,oma - women naasiniagianaululad mmwWH 11 Tanau ‘ulssiwaeiléiarnauauns nitridation, chemi- cal vapor deposition (CVD), carbothermal reduction, imide precipitation dauluq) svagluguvameaanwwain vilininduAn HanlAtiquantasnad Pranauuuduge iti. | Sronssuais un. 57 mugnugnlagauz2im 2,000 asrinaiua FnrnAnsruusAuardawyuawrol ss hot isostatic pressing, slip casting Was vapor phase preparation \A@aseiudl (automotive engines) : asenaudiae FrauArslus (silicon carbide), ani 13 Alumina turbine blade 2 : wii 14 Combustors and ceramics liners mwii 15 Seal rings and pistons ag 7 ei ; mw 16 Silicon carbide and silicon nitride turbineseE 58 Saonssuais un. Fnoululasa ‘on nitride) matlarile (partially stabilized zirconia) agiiwa (alumina) AWienagditiuntinn (lithium aluminium silicate) gu (transformation toughened alumina) waneinilesitingiiulu nguiderinunseuaunlaiuadayeuriow noniidunhelt andoieitideuiu YiGund high densification #aoadradu sintered silicon nitride, stabilized zirconia, calcined alumina, sintered silicon nitride Muri quugiwewraeuansinanul! mw usinfauaranumrlaaiy iu maatns nosunlunaailu honeycomb catalytic convertors #3n1WMi 12 We alumina turbine blade Tuniwit 13 way 14 s921V09 liners uae seal rings ‘fingina 7] dani 15 war 16 avutt 50 Us:vi0 FaqasrdndAgnrinlulailuda urenouvesatawud tlessaniiquanta nudoAduiou nusenisiantan us auanuen dain fanraaeneianh quuniq: uaserqmsldeuuiuyi dad uneudin ison damarain | aseuaunasaugiiasriinddainsy qnanunssuenusuat nostuguiasiindiiduneu asd 1. HavTaQiuiuarsinusls vid binders AamaAnimuiadaulsuqmantn mamuanuudisussvasn@mAouviau lubri- cants Aa ssitdodlunsudaauiansaer aaneinuuuiuliatisazaan plasticizers Aa anaifauiinviaoenlsuanenansclunrslnada vavaynrauardauiasiunisaeanwn 2 * oa Stel ey ay ash 1 udstiouarqnaninuariaquanindngmilldiuduussnauvas a NA nFassuMluilseimadijuuacauigaunsm ‘Summary of high-technology ceramics for adiabatic engines in Japan and the United States.- wou o = pe te ew ee ey nm, 9H 2 udasiimsiugl daduastadiiavasnaniunaniind sun9(Extusion) umnvingufumniudain — | Sermniings ufosiotinmyn — | dudukowminghulldnruhe Sncinuinidie) srunnctumniin susunraton | humo Fauuuuciy vie urieiuunswuntsts scniZn(Injecton molding) | nanaisieghutumntauasninet marhiomanriueonnesdtnnuae tinmofbutnuiininantoanian seria icanifiamnonnm Fumfupinesdinenspiinnes — | lirhienseiings (degradaing green body) avutiRoomnufanoreene navy uuuta(Pressing) madnucinghutinieuininy | eanioutntunuiiienetonjuse | rrdimniinch Wiamelderaty plhstuteuls unneniiiemsnendty TonesBonmaunnoan al Rrry uudetupliaumraden | shusioghufatealiauanuscia | duruMatgmurwrauiaussgs — | uterteirmmouhaune dette (Hot pressing) Founraiugs mrukowstedu — | Uren lummunadineyme — ludemuneduna dunufliewbi oomamatinutaamauineymnn sshuvedoennlffiennontuniu auudedugliunrateuuer | Weiviegiuaduanlaue malay | aiovinitineliimy vier — | wtosefirmununn filing: rerui(Hot Iostatic Sihoornause evacuated orn | anuruslugawrn (fll densification) — | unedatlubeser wmugennnt Pressing HIP) ‘nondaumrnaiiugs 45,000 psi mefupl wbeauligning 2000 asmvanitua Wernwhufintouthtusuts sunevilurutiidouin (densiticaton) 74 (Slip casting) ewevinghutshmnindouuia wnadluuuuresunreiinhatalinia augasiviou Topmoonernuuy lumsfupduny frag uted wiibuegtugcunm sonuunitofaseylunmnité fhaammetimton indus (Tape forming) wtuningiuemufinh views acm ninety maupluun ustBileehoshitown (Ma cartier) iy nfs (Teflon film) rae shiemanings reruns LiaaretumafupAturnsttears romminannlh (thick plates) uscd AaAesinamuqunaurrmgeNaN (substrates) FigniPtifiou tain Uffimudmenme dhuvadume ejuuuthuses seqrmunsling doctor bade «21% Funuiitainseuendreusiambre rmsvndl(Chemical vapor | mtu llaBiddutost mannldivieghutimondnds | Vsowiunnedeutiinauuiney deposition CVD) precursors gas eruanuutiures | anmuariBeeld durMlatgmgy | ainthudornndumnhmlsiuunt onan vetlernaigs Reactive simering nonivenwilave iu Hinman UpFRervufummuan Hs alse selulonn «1K SiN, sainfnattlimnendimosiuplins ‘renin Fhdemingsliinnthuroaa sintered sid useeinius avionithinedgmyy usewseuiacy sookeresnry Womeluprqueintin UpFineontinhudadubedintums reraadags WelibingRauFinne wonmrriusennusseiia ffuermndruuen sefamnute (solity) ndnuumnntenieni it renaadausage shulfitemaniitbimansnnrunal uuumuriou(Ptasma spray) | utmucinghuftdinimstoriutae | Fumaatouzaatavinwanemane | uvingiufsealidu evvimlgtin sesRarrtumiadteduiaruermn Fruunn viieinonit eg=... apsunrya deflocculants Aa asfiauiaie UFurnanwdunsa-ons UFuAns queen fooymauardoelvaynraiianiansss1009 wetting agents Aa arsiWiaiiaufeadouanurs Sisfin water retention agents Aa @ra\fisiiias Wodoelteynrniinaadunamanediu nostugluuudadauernat (pressing) anti- static agents Aa arsifsuiaWedanliuer dseqmadeamsdwiunrstupiuviacissim antifoam agents Aa aizfiauisumellasiu mstfiavlias foam stabilizers Aa anaviauiin eliivlasvian in nedmelularsaty se questering agents fia arsifaiandon maawaa fungicides wax bactericide Aa ansianiufatlestulainaafeusiiiote TUAMUATGy waverAaAnansianiiae sintered aid (lua fauiauAatquangunga MalAWanAuMlKMAs ariolsentia waanuluman viilvsunumsnamaaas 2. Tupluandcueflaunssuaunrs sina] maar 2 3. NITAUNAAAMMUUUAIUAN anvtu (humidity control) 4aA Aa nansinsiasgnitbuvaatind 7 Haniinuath HaalAerlalfisanuantiasaandarimaseine Ululdedaeto maunssuaunrsunidelu seAuuartlar? (capillary diffusion) via whulanatuneduiauseu 7 gquvtadas dna (porous or void) azdinisszingatinaty 4 Goudariaed wanedruiundadcuniinan saniaqiutiawimdnainlussavlaarau viowluuar faaete sesltiuarwwly mrauuts vuarnsaunanAuadidnisein vila meeauuuuliaruquardu (non humidity control) fuanymuenisliantou tihusiowy vilinaindniieadmelugeuuis avuml 50 Us: FoR onAnscummnamlAseqniliuiee raid Varies dauhe wansjnue finrsuant19 via tha microcrack gn naoitustteranasbituarnnule ye HanAnATNaRLA Sorymslisuiauas 4. unwiinayndl 2 ust A nasWrUULNGe end fast firing Tavde A HanAuAMnanlAerafaniuan ies stress waz thermal shock fifimiue MaFanlinantMu malin wi wanefiuntinfcuntmiuglaauussdags 7 i fe uszudmoauarwasiulunin us nos wlinaymAaniussinnuiisre non wuuta launrsaauquamsinianinayn FoRAe udnAcusiMasolAgiqaunwwa ‘asl wanda waneiunaaneanscustar ind’ doulug) Tae Aa sadltioaiwwlunis afinaymn elilanaminenitdeud (densification) 5. ANUAUALtAFiaNAAZ CUNT (pol: ishing and grinding) Wunrsanusiat ATNAUNNANZOVALANUULTA HA uarliietasia Fariaunrsadaniag Faannbhultiludaia aarauriart \Wisuuu Mohr scale hardness veswansit rlow TauralalZaqaziien Mohr scale hi ness agseudns 1-12 arrtannsnen Faqimaaninhnalauunialdathagnis lnunrsaandaqniarmaiaudsgand waniousiananian ! Tunouusiaviunoutnuiuvest Anwiuarnuquaunrndaadort aur ‘Iwasa (rheology) auiiinrana (mechani property) awidinasaqayau (therm property) auiananinrwuacn rain (physical and chemical properties)re - wnFoMau SAONSSUAIS UN. 7 3. quanta mah 3 umasaaui anvmslasiady uas QuaniivosnanAnivaniind lms HAMTuNaaAUMasqnaunssNe WAU Glass ceramies | venuguluuys 70-350 anaeinuen 3.97 18-23 276-1034 27-42 waefimie | gnanarf 5.5661 10-15 2a 28 (Partially. stabilized ZrO.) Ferasead qnunatt 5.6-5.7 6-80 13-32 stabilized ZrO.) | Uslunaitin wanseinuoa ‘mmudenmélud] gnunaif 492 20-95 2a1-276 (tic) Finourriud | uearh wneeinues 3.21 20-20 sintered 96-520 (sic) uae wuoniatin 300 wnat 1273 want Fneumfud | waitin 3.21 28-44 1034-1380 4 300, o7 (cvp) navi 2060-2400 A 1473 wnsu aululest | woawuanesinuaa| 3.18 uae 3.19 819 sintered 414-650 sintered 5.3 Wat SiN, uastumion- hot pressed azinues 41-60 Ceramics,Chapman — and _ Hall, New 4. References P York , 1986, 345 pp. [1] James S. Reed, Introduction to the [3] Solomon Musikant, What engineer principles of ceramic processing, JohnWiley &Sond, USA. , 1987, 486 Pp. [2] J. McCOLM, Forming, Shaping and Working of High-Performance should know about Ceramics, TransCon Technologies, Inc., Pensylvania, 1990, 203 pp. [4] Kyocera company, Automotive ceramic products, January 22, 2, 2003... 6] [6] UI) [8] Http://www.national.com, Perfomance friction, January, 2, 2003 Http://www.thermatex.com, Thermalite Ceramic Fiber Automotive Applications, January, 2, 1999 Lawrence H.Van Vlack, Elements of Materials Science and Engineering, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1989, 6th, 598 pp. Keneth G.Budinski and Michael K. Budinski, Engineering Materials Properties and Selection, 7th, Pearson [9] ho} fi auunt 50 Us: 2546 Education Inc., USA., 2002, 818 pp. ynund maviyrol venersuseney msaawinn AnUANWUsveMaly FEUUIAQ 2543, 200 wih yunr Fagiudiaansaasvindslauuies ‘Inmiun sialareru 348 43/02 MATE , 67 win \ yom daviysol veneonlseney faufysol nosdunnel A Aaah meraautnusniindifawu 25432 2544, 250 win