6 Specification For Civil and Structural Works

SPECIFICATION
FOR
CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL WORKS.
GENERAL SCOPE
1. The method of measurement shall be as per latest revision of

IS:1200 unless otherwise specified.
2. Providing and operating necessary measuring and testing

devices and materials including all consumable are included in
the scope of work. No separate measurement or payment for
testing the work shall be made and rates quoted for various
items shall be deemed to include the cost of such tests, which
are required to ensure specific quality.
3. All materials shall be of standard quality, manufactured by

renowned concerns conforming to Indian Standard or
equivalent and shall have IS mark as far as possible unless
otherwise approved by the Site-in-charge, prior to procurement
and use. The Contractor shall furnish manufacturer's certificates
for the materials supplied by him when asked for. Further to
that he shall get the materials tested from an approved lab if
asked for by the Site-in-charge. The cost for all the tests and
test certificate shall be borne by the contractor. Any materials
procured or brought to site and not conforming to specifications
and satisfaction of Site-in-charge shall be rejected
4. Wherever referred to in this tender document, only the latest

revision which shall be in force till the completion of work, of
specifications, Codes of Practice and other publications of
Bureau of Indian Standards shall be applicable.
5. Wherever the contractor executes civil and structural works

involving building, equipment foundations, supporting
structures, pipe racks etc., the following works are deemed to
have been included in the quoted rates for various works.
a) Marking of centre lines of foundations.

b) Marking of top levels of foundations, floors etc. and
establishment of reference lines, bench marks on
various floors, platforms etc.
c) Preparation of "As built" scheme of structural
foundations, equipment foundations etc.
6. The schedule of rates, specifications and drawings shall be read
in conjunction with each other and in case of conflict amongst
them, clarification shall be obtained from the Site-in Charge,
whose decision shall be final and binding.
SPECIFICATION FOR MATERIALS
1.0 WATER
Water used for cement concrete, mortar, plaster, grout, curing or

washing of coarse aggregate shall be clear and free from excess
amounts of oil, acids, alkalis, organic matters or other harmful
substances in such amounts that may impair the strength or durability
of the structure. Potable water shall generally be considered
satisfactory for preparation of mortar, concrete mix and curing of
brickwork, plaster, concrete etc.
The Site-in-charge may require the Contractor to get the water tested
from an approved laboratory at latter's expense and in case the water
contains excess of acid, alkali or salt etc., the Site-in-charge may refuse
to permit its use.
2.0 AGGREGATE:
Coarse and fine aggregates for concrete shall conform in all respects to
IS:383.
Aggregates shall be obtained from a source known to produce these

satisfactorily. These shall be chemically inert, hard, strong, dense,
durable, clean and free from excess amounts of alkalis, vegetable
matter and other deleterious substances. Flaky and elongated pieces
shall not be used.
Coarse aggregate is aggregate most of which is retained on 4.75 mm IS

sieve. It shall have a specific gravity not less than 2.6.
Fine aggregate is aggregate most of which passes through 4.75 mm IS

sieve but not more than ten percent (10 %) pass through 150 micron IS
sieve.
The Site-in-charge may require the Contractor to carry out tests at the
Contractor 's expense, in accordance with IS : 516 (Methods of test for
strength of concrete )and IS:2386 (Methods of test for aggregates for
concrete.)
3.0 SAND FOR FILLING
Sand for filling shall be medium coarse hard, strong free from any
organic and deleterious materials. Any sand (Fine/Coarse) proposed,
shall be used only after it is approved by the Site-in-charge.
4.0 CEMENT
The cement used shall be ordinary Portland cement conforming to

IS:269 or Portland Pozzolana Cement Conforming to IS : 1489 (Part-I,
1991) or Portland Slag Cement Conforming to IS:455 unless otherwise
specified.
RECEIPT AND STORAGE OF CEMENT BAGS
It must be ensured that the cement being received at site is as fresh as

possible by checking the batch no. with the supplier's test certificate
which should accompany the cement. Generally cement more than 120
days old shall not be used. Before receiving cement it should be
ensured that a proper cement godown is constructed by the contractor.
The godown shall be weather tight, and of proper ventilated structure.
Wooden battens or ball is shall be laid on the floor so that a gap of
atleast 15 cm is available between the floor and cement bags. The
cement bags may be stacked upside down at least once in 60 days to
avoid slump formation. While receiving cement following precautions
must be taken.
Bags should not be wet /partially or fully set.
The cement shall be stored as per IS :4082-1977. Relevant excerpts of

IS:4082 are as given below.
At least 60 cm space should be kept between walls and stacks.
Cement bags should be stacked close so as to avoid air circulation to

the extent possible. Maximum 10 bags shall be stacked in one stack.
Cement of different types and brands shall be kept in separate stacks to

ensure usage on first in first out basis. For extra safety in monsoon,
polythene sheet shall be used to cover the bags.
5.0 STEEL
All reinforcement and structural steel shall conform to the following:
5.1 REINFORCEMENT STEEL
- IS : 1139 Hot rolled deformed bars

- IS : 1786 Cold twisted bars
- IS : 432 Mild Steel round bars (Grade - I)
- IS : 1566 Hard drawn steel wire fabric.
5.2 STRUCTURAL STEEL

- IS : 226/2062 Hot rolled sections and plates
- IS : 1079 Cold formed light gauge sections
- IS : 432 Mild Steel round bars (Grade - I)
- IS : 4923 Hollow sections (rectangular or square)
5.3 OTHER BARS AND SECTIONS:
Any other type of reinforcement bars and structural sections specified

on the drawings shall conform to respective Indian Standard Codes.
5.4 STORAGE
The reinforcement and structural steel shall be stored in such a way as

to avoid and prevent deterioration and corrosion.
6.0 BRICKS
Bricks shall conform to IS:1077 with a minimum compressive strength

of 50 to 75 Kg/cm² depending on the local availability. Some of the
classifications as per IS Code is given below.
6.1 50A CLASS BRICKS
These shall be sound, hard, tough and rectangular in shape and size,
well burnt (not overburnt) of uniform deep red , cherry or copper
colour and shall conform to IS:1077 . These shall have plane
rectangular faces with parallel sides and sharp straight right-angled
edges.
The bricks shall be free from cracks, chips, flaws, stones or humps of
any kind. These shall not show signs of efflorescence.
The bricks shall be of fine, compact homogenous texture and emit a

clear ringing sound on being struck, and shall have minimum
compressive strength of 50 kg./sq.cm. and shall not absorb water more
than 20 % of its dry weight when soaked in cold water for 24 hours .
The tolerance limit shall be 3 % for absorption.
6.2 50-B CLASS BRICKS
These shall conform to specifications for 50 A class bricks except that

some surface cracks are allowable. These shall have minimum
compressive strength of 50 kg/sq.cm. The tolerance limit shall be 8%
for absorption
6.3 LOCALLY AVAILABLE BRICKS

Locally available bricks shall be kiln burnt bricks and conform to 35A
class as specified in IS:1077. These shall have a minimum compressive
strength of 35 kg/sq.cm.
6.4 TILE BRICKS
Tile bricks shall conform to all the specification of 50A class bricks
except that the thickness shall be 4.4cm with permissible tolerance of
3mm.
7.0 ADMIXTURES
The admixtures shall conform to IS:9103 . The Contractor shall

produce test certificates from recognised laboratories before use of
admixtures, if so desired by the Site-in-charge. Admixtures containing
calcium chloride shall not be used.
Integral water proofing compound shall conform to IS : 2645.
8.0 OTHER MATERIALS
All materials not fully specified herein and which may be used in the
work shall be of quality approved by the Site-in-charge and he shall
have the right to determine whether all or any materials offered or
delivered for use in the work are suitable for the purpose. The
Contractor shall give the sample of materials and shall get those
approved before procurement and use.
SPECIFICATION FOR EARTHWORK
1.0 CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL
1.1 SOFT/LOOSE SOIL
Generally any soil which yields to the ordinary application of pick and
shovel or to phawra or other ordinary digging implement; such as sand,
silt, loam, clay, peat etc.
1.2 HARD/DENSE SOIL
Generally any soil which requires the close application of pick, or

jumper or scarifier to loosen such as stiff clay, gravel and cobble stone.
1.3 SOFT/DISINTEGRATED ROCK
Rock or boulder may be quarried or split with crowbar. This will also
include laterite & hard conglomerate.
1.4 HARD ROCK (REQUIRING BLASTING)
Any rock or boulder for the excavation of which blasting is required.
1.5 HARD ROCK (REQUIRING CONTROLLED BLASTING)
Due to any reason, if general blasting is prohibited, then for excavating

these rocks, controlled blasting as approved by the Site-in-charge shall
be used.
1.6 HARD ROCK (BLASTING PROHIBITED)
Hard rock requiring blasting as described under 1.4 but where blasting
is prohibited for any reason and excavation has to be carried out by
chiselling, wedging or any other agreed method.
2.0 BACKFILLING MATERIAL
Backfilling material shall be as approved by the Site-in-charge.
Back filling of excavations in trenches, foundations and elsewhere

shall consist of one of the following materials as the Site-in-charge
may direct in each location.
(i) Soil
(ii) Selected earth from heaps or brought from borrow areas.
(iii) Stone/gravel
(iv) Sand
(v) Lean concrete
The material shall be free from rubbish, roots, hard lumps and any
other organic material.
3.0 EARTHWORK IN EXCAVATION
Excavation shall be carried out in any material encountered on the site

to the lines, levels and contours shown on the detailed drawings and
the Contractor shall remove all excavated materials to soil heaps on
site or transport for use in filling the site or stack for reuse as directed.
Excavated material shall not be deposited within 1.5M from the top
edge of the excavation.
The sides of the excavation may be cut sloping or shored and strutted
to hold the face of earth as per site requirements and as directed by the
BPCL's Site-in-charge.
The Contractor shall remove all vegetation, shrubs etc. encountered

during excavation.
Foundation pits/trenches shall not be excavated to the full depth unless

construction is imminent. The last 15 cm depth of the excavation shall
not be removed until concreting work is imminent. The full depth may
at the discretion of the Site-in-charge be excavated and the bed covered
with a seventy five (75) mm (minimum) thick (or as indicated on the
drawing) layer of lean concrete 1:5:10 mix (1 Cement: 5 Coarse Sand:
10 Crushed Stone Aggregates) or as specified in schedule or rates.
The Contractor shall provide suitable drainage arrangement to prevent

surface water from any source entering the foundation pits at his own
cost.
Where excavation is made in excess of the depth required, the

Contractor shall at his own expense, fill upto required level with lean
concrete 1:5:10 mix or as decided by Site-in-charge.
Lowering of water table by well-point pumping shall be paid

separately.
The Contractor shall make necessary arrangements for lighting, fencing

and other suitable measures for protection against risk of accidents due
to open excavation at his own expense.
Where the excavation is to be carried out below the foundation level of

an adjacent structure, the precaution to be taken such as under pinning,
shoring and strutting etc. shall be determined by the Site-in-charge. No
excavation shall be done unless such precautionary measures are
carried out. The payment for such precautionary measures shall,
however, be made separately unless the rate for such measures are
specifically included in the rates for items of excavation.
Loose or soft bed ground encountered in excavation at the required

depth shall be excavated to a firm bed and difference made up to the
required level with lean concrete 1:5:10 mix or as decided by the Site-
in-charge.
Any obstacle encountered during excavation shall be reported

immediately to the Site-in-charge and shall be dealt with as instructed
by him. Removal of buried pipes or cables shall be done with prior
permission of BPCL's Site-in-charge and the Contractor shall provide
all measures to protect the same. Cost of such protective measures are
deemed to be included in the rates for various items of excavation.
The Contractor shall not undertake any concreting in foundation until

the excavation pit/trench is approved by the Site-in-charge.
3.1 The specification for earthwork shall also apply to excavation in rock
in general. The excavation in rock shall be done such that extra
excavation beyond the required width and depths as shown in drawing
is not made. If any extra excavation particularly in depth is made by the
Contractor during the excavation operation, the Contractor shall make
up such extra excavations with concrete 1:5:10 mix to the required
levels and shaped at no extra cost to the Owner.
3.2 In case of hardrock requiring blasting, the provisions mentioned below

shall be strictly followed.
Blasting shall normally be done with gunpowder, dynamite, gelatine or

any other high explosive in special cases with the written permission of
Site-in-charge.
The Contractor shall obtain license from the District authorities for
undertaking blasting work as well as for obtaining and storing the
explosive as per Explosive Rules. He shall purchase the explosives,
fuses, detonators etc. only from licensed dealer. He shall be responsible
for the safe custody and proper accounting of the explosive materials.
The Site-in-charge or his authorised representative shall have the
access to check the Contractor’s store of explosive and his accounts.
In case where explosives are required to be transported and stored at

site, relevant clauses of the Explosive Rules, 1940 or as amended
subsequently, shall apply.
The Contractor shall be responsible for any accident to workmen,

public or property, due to blasting operations.
Blasting operations shall be carried out under the supervision of a
responsible authorised agent of the Contractor during specified hours,
as approved in writing by the Site-in-charge. The agent shall be
conversant with the rules of blasting.
Proper precautions for safety of persons shall be taken. Red flags shall
be prominently displayed around the area to be blasted and all the
people at the works except those who actually light the fuses shall
withdraw to a safe distance of not less than 200 meters from the blast.
Blasting work shall be done under the careful supervision of trained

personnel. Blasting shall not be done within 200 meters of an existing
structure, unless otherwise permitted in writing.
4.0 MEASUREMENT
Payment for earth work in excavation shall be made on cubic meter (m3
) basis on the measurement of volume of pit/trench of excavation as per
IS:1200 . The rate shall include cost of all the operations of blasting,
making all arrangements for dewatering, removal and disposal of
surplus earth.
The contractor shall intimate BPCL's Site-in-charge as soon as

different soil classifications are met with. Joint levels shall be taken as
to the levels of different soil classifications and volumes shall be
worked out on the basis of levels only. Where levels of different strata
cannot be clearly marked and defined, the contractor shall stack soils
separately for measurement purpose and then dispose it off as directed.
If soil of any classification other than that specified in the SOR is met
with during the excavation, the decision of the Site-in-charge as to the
classification of the soil, levels of the strata and their location shall be
binding on the contractor.
In the above case, the total quantity of excavation shall be computed

from the measurement of pit/trench excavated. The hard rock and soft
rock shall be measured separately from the relevant stacks and each
shall be reduced by 50% for voids, and paid under the relevant items.
The balance, i.e. the total quantity of excavation minus the reduced (for
voids) quantity of excavation for rocks shall be paid as soft/hard soil as
per the direction of the BPCL's Site-in-charge. However the maximum
payment shall be limited to the volume of the excavated pit/trench as
approved.
SHORING AND STRUTTING

The shoring and strutting of the sides to withhold the face of
excavation pits/trenches shall be done as approved by the Site-in-
charge.
Payment for shoring/strutting shall be made on square meter basis as

separate items.
GENERAL PROCEDURE/INSTRUCTIONS
FOR EARTH FILLING IN
DEPOTS/INSTALLATION
1.0 The procedure for earth filling can be divided into following:
1. Quantity of earth filling.

2. Evaluation of earth.
3. Filling procedure.
4. Compaction Test procedure.
5. Measurement of earth filling.
1.1 Quantity of earth filling
To arrive at the quantity of earth to be filled at a particular site, the

HFL of the area is transferred from some permanent bench mark
(Railway, Culvert, Bridge etc.) to site and the area earmarked for filling
is divided into no. of grids of 10, 15, 20, 25M spacing depending on
the size of the plot. The reduced levels of various grid points are taken
with the help of dumpy level and are plotted on the land development
drawing. Depending on the finished ground level of the area, the
quantity of earth is calculated. The procedure for using dumpy level is
as follows
Dumpy Level
Dumpy level is an instrument with which difference of levels of any 2

points can be found out. It is very commonly used in surveying for
finding the levels and for plotting the contours. From any known level
e.g. permanent benchmark level of any point can be found out. With
the help of dumpy level a horizontal plane (Line of collimation) is
formed which is tangent to mean sea level and by taking height of
different points to this line of collimation, level of each point can be
calculated.
For taking level of any point w.r.t. the known Bench Mark (BM), with
dumpy level, first take the height of B.M. reading, you get the level of
line of collimation and by reducing the height of particular point from
B.M's reading you get the level of that particular point.
Recording
There are two methods of recording the measurements.
(a) Collimation System (H.I.): In this method the level of

collimation is found out and then for each point the reading is
reduced and level is found out e.g.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stn. Chainage Reading Collim- Reduced
Remarks
------------------------------ ation Level
Back Inter Fore HI
Sight Sight Sight
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.143 291.066 289.923
BM-1
A 0 1.164 289.902
10 1.329 289.737
20 1.429 289.574
30 3.792 287.274
40 0.58 3.844 287.802 287.222

Changing
point
50 1.629 286.173
60 1.836 285.966
70 0.925 286.877
0.634 287.168
BM-2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Check 1.723 4.478
---------------------------------
2.755
BM-1 = 289.923
BM-2 = 287.168
------------
2.755
-------------
To check, if the difference of sum of back sight and fore sight-reading

is equal to difference of 1st & last B.M. reading, It is OK
b) Rise & Fall Method:
In this method rise and fall of each point is added or subtracted from
B.M. reading to get the level of particular point e.g.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stn. Chainage Reading Rise Fall Reduced
Remarks
------------------------------ Level
Back Inter Fore
Sight Sight Sight
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------
0.535 232.280 BM-
1
A 0 2.145 1.608 230.672
2.435 0.292 230.380
0.56 1.875 232.255
1.583 0.731 0.171 232.084
Changing
Point
2.015 0.432 231.652
1.015 1.00 232.652
2.015 1.00 231.652 BM-
2
2.118 2.746 2.875 3.503 232.280

231.652
BM-1 BM-
2
--------------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------
----
0.628 0.628 0.628
To check the calculation and reading - close the reading on some

known B.M. The difference of back sight and fore sight reading, rise
and fall readings and first and last B.M. reading should be same. If they
are not same then adjust the difference in all the readings.
For checking Dumpy Level and correcting the line of collimation,

Dumpy level is kept at mid location of 2 staff locations and, say
reading on both the staff is taken as a & b. Then the dumpy level is
shifted in same line towards one staff and then say the reading on both
the staff is taken as a' and b'. If the difference of a, b and a, 'b' is same,
the D.L. is OK. If it is different then adjust diaphragm screw and check
by repeating the process.
1.2 Evaluation of Earth
Before finally selecting the particular soil for filling from a quarry, the
properties of earth are tested to ensure its suitability.
(a) Procedure for Testing Soils
For selecting earth for earth filling following tests are conducted to
check the suitability of earth for filling purpose as per IS:2720 (Part-V)
1985.
(b) Liquid Limit (LL)
It is the minimum amount of water required to be added to a soil that

will just make it to flow like liquid when jarred slightly:
Wt. of wet soil - Wt. of dry soil

LL = ------------------------------------------- x 100
Wt. of dry soil
Most clay soils have LL around 50 - 90%. If sand or silt is added to

clay, its LL is lowered.
(c) Plastic Limit (PL)
It is the moisture content at which a thread of soil can be rolled without

breaking until it is only 3 mm in diameter, when it just begin to
crumble under pressure exerted by hand.
Sands, gravel and peat do not possess plasticity and their PL is zero.
Average PL of clay is 45 while that of silts is 20.
Plasticity Index (PI) = LL - PL
Liquidity Index (LI) = Natural moisture content - PL

---------------------------------------- x
100%
LL - PL
(d) Acceptability Criterion
(i) LI & PI should be less than 30 for good soil.
(ii) It should also be checked that the organic impurity level of

selected earth is not more than 2 - 3%.
(iii) Soil having laboratory maximum dry density of less than 1.5
gm/cc shall not be used.
(e) Testing Frequency
One test for every 3000 m² of earth filled is required to be carried out.
1.3 FILLING PROCEDURE
Depending upon the depth of earth filling in an area, the numbers of

layers are decided. At few selected points, a reference (constructed of
16mm dia reinforcing bar grouted in cement concrete) flag with depth
of earth filling layers marked on it is installed.
Filling is carried out with approved material in layers, not exceeding 30

cms of loose thickness; watering and rolling as per IS: 2720.
Compaction to 90-95% of maximum dry density can be achieved by
any of the following methods:
(I) Using Road Rollers upto capacity of 10MT.
(ii) Using hand rollers.
(iii) Using sheep's foot Roller (can compress upto 35 kg/cm sq.)
(iv) Using Rammer (weighing 3.3 - 4.0 kg).
As per practical experience, Sheep’s foot roller is best suited for earth
compaction, while rammer is best suited for sand. When areas are
large, road roller could also be used effectively in combination with
sheep's foot roller. It should be noted that water flooding should
always be avoided while compacting the earth.
1.4 COMPACTION TEST PROCEDURE
The compaction test procedure is as follows:
(a) Laboratory Test
First a test is conducted in laboratory to find density/moisture relation

by proctor compaction test. For this test, cylindrical metal mould of 4"
dia x 4 1/2" ht. is used in which soil is filled in 3 equal layers with 24
blows of 2.5 kg. hammer from a height of 30 cm. By changing the
percentage of moisture, we get different dry densities, which can be
plotted in the form of curve. From this curve, relation between
maximum dry density and moisture content can be established.
(b) Procedure of Calculation Dry Density of Soil Samples

at Site
The internal volume (Vc) of the core-cutter in ml. shall be calculated
from its dimensions which shall be measured to the nearest 0.25 mm.
The core cutter shall be weighed to the nearest gram. (Wc)
A small area approximately 30 cm square of the soil layer to be tested

shall be exposed and levelled. The steel dolly shall be placed on top of
the cutter and the latter shall be rammed down into the soil layer until
only about 14 mm of the dolly protrudes above the surface, care being
taken not to rock the cutter. The cutter shall then be dug out of the
surrounding soil, care being taken to allow some soil to project from
the lower end of the cutter. The ends of the soil core shall then be
trimmed flat to the ends of the cutter by means of the straight edge.
The cutter containing the soil core shall be weighed to the nearest gram
(Ws)
The soil core shall be removed from the cutter and a representative
sample shall be placed in an air-tight container and its moisture content
(W) determined as per IS:2720 (Part-II) - 1964.
Note:
It is necessary to make a number of repeat determinations and average

out results, since the dry density of the soil varies appreciably from
point to point. The number of determinations should be such that an
additional one should not alter the average significantly.
Calculations
The bulk density (Db), that is, the weight of the wet soil per cubic
metre shall be calculated from the following formula:
Ws - Wc
Db = ---------------- x 1000 Kg/m³
Vc
Where
Ws = weight of soil and core-cutter in g,
Wc = weight of core-cutter in g, and
Vc = volume of core-cutter in ml.
The dry density Dd, that is, the weight of the dry soil per cubic metre
shall be calculated from the following formula:
1000 x Db
Dd = -------------------- Kg/m³
100 + w
Where
Db = bulk density, and
w= moisture content of the soil (percent)
Dry density thus calculated should be 90-95% of max. dry density

determined by lab. test.
1.5 MEASUREMENT OF EARTH FILLING
Earth filling should be calculated meticulously to avoid any

complications at the latter date.
The various methods of area calculations are as follows:
(1) Average Ordinate Rule
(2) Trapezoidal Rule.
(3) Simpson's Rule.
We shall compare only Trapezoidal rule and Simpson's rule as Average

Ordinate rule is not accurate.
Trapezoidal Rule: The rule is based on the assumption that the

figures are trapezoids.
O1 O2 O3 O4 O5 O6 O7
L L L
Area of figure = L (Ol + On + O2 + O3 + O4 ...........................On-1)
2
Simpson's rule: It assumes that the short lengths of boundary between

the ordinates are parabolic arcs.
O1 O2 O3
L L
Area of the figure = L [ (Ol + On) + 4 (O2 + O4 + .........On-1) + 2 (O3 +

O5 3 +
..............On-2) ]
This rule is applicable only when the number of divisions of the area is
even and total number of ordinates is odd. If there is an odd number of
divisions (resulting in even number of ordinates), the area of the last
division must be calculated separately and added to equation.
The results obtained by the use of Simpson's rule are more accurate
than trapezoidal rule.
Earth Volume Calculation: This can also be done by using
(i) Prismoidal formula or Simpson's rule for Volume
(ii) Trapezoidal formula.
Prismoidal formula
V = L/3 [(A1+An) + 4 (A2 + A4 + ...............An-1) + 2 (A3+A5+.......An-

2)]
Here also it is necessary to have an odd number of cross sections. If

there are even number of sections, the end strip must be treated
separately, and volume between the remaining section be calculated by
Prismoidal formula.
Trapezoidal Formula
V = L [A1+An + A2+A3+A4..................................An-1]
2
For Volume Calculation, we should use only Simpson's rule
(Prismoidal formula) as this is more accurate than Trapezoidal formula.
Sample Calculations of area and volume are enclosed in Annexure-I

for reference.
ANNEXURE - I
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
QUANTITY SURVEY
AND
MEASUREMENT OF
EARTHWORK
SAMPLE AREA : 7 m x 9 m
GRID SIZE : 1m x 1m
CONTOUR PLAN :
SIMPSON RULE FOR AREA CALCULATION
A = L/3 x [ O1 + On + 4 (O2 + O4 + O6 + ---------------- On-1 )
+ 2 (O3 + O5 + O7 + ------------- On-2) ]
A = Area of Section
O1 = First Ordinate
On = Last Ordinate n should be odd number
L = Interval (GRID)
If n is even number, then for the last two ordinates Area calculation to
be done by
A = L/3 x [On + On+1 + On x On+1 ]
PRISMOIDAL FORMULA FOR VOLUME CALCULATION
V = L/3 x { (A1 + An) + 4 (A2 + A4 + --- An -1) + 2 (A3 + A5 + ---

An-2) ]
V = Volume
A = Area of Sections as obtained from Simpson rule.
Simillarly if n is even number then for the last two sections volume
calculation to be done by
V = L/3 x [ An + An + 1 + An + An + 1 ]
SECTION L - 1
CALCULATION SHEET
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sr. Chainage Initial Final Depth of Calculations
No. Level Level Cutting/Filing
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
01. 0m 107.520 107.700 0.180 Area of Section by Simpson
Rule
02. 1m 107.455 0.245
aL1 = 1/3 [0.180+0.250
03. 2m 107.420 0.280
+ 4 (0.245 + 0.295 +
04. 3m 107.405 0.295 0.275 + 0.255) +
05. 4m 107.430 0.270 2 (0.280 + 0.270 + 0.295) }
06. 5m 107.425 0.275 aL1 = 2.133 m²
07. 6m 107.405 0.295 aL1' = 1/3 [0.250 + 0.260
08. 7m 107.445 0.255 + 0.250 x 0.260

]
09. 8m 107.450 0.250 aL1' = 0.255 m²
10. 9m 107.440 0.260 A = aL1 + aL1'
AL1 = 2.388 m²
SECTION L - 2
01. 0m 107.500 107.700 0.200 aL2 = 1/3 [0.20 + 0.24 + 4
02. 1m 107.475 0.225 (0.225 + 0.30 + 0.280 +

0.26)
+2 (0.250 + 0.30 + 0.31) ]
03. 2m 107.450 0.250
aL2 = 2.14 m²
04. 3m 107.400 0.300
05. 4m 107.400 0.300 aL2' = 1/3 (0.240 + 0.220
06. 5m 107.420 0.280 + 0.24 x 0.22
07. 6m 107.390 0.310 aL2' = 0.230 m²
08. 7m 107.440 0.260

AL2 = aL2 + aL2'
09. 8m 107.460 0.240
10. 9m 107.480 0.220 = 2.37 m2

SECTION L - 3
CALCULATION SHEET
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
Rule
02. 1m 107.560 0.140
aL3 = 1/3 [0.130+0.250
03. 2m 107.535 0.165
+ 4 (.140 + .230 + . 265 +
04. 3m 107.470 0.230 270 ) + 2 (.165 + .235
+
.280) ]
05. 4m 107.465 0.235
06. 5m 107.435 0.265 aL3 = 1.787 m²
07. 6m 107.420 0.280 aL3' = 1/3 [.250 + 0.230
08. 7m 107.430 0.270 + .250 x .230 ]
09. 8m 107.450 0.250 aL3' = 0.240 m²
10. 9m 107.470 0.230 AL3 = 1.787 + 0.240

= 2.027 m²
SECTION L - 4
01. 0m 107.540 107.700 0.160 aL4 = 1/3 [0.160 + .225 +
02. 1m 107.520 0.180 4 (.18 + .24 + .31 + .22)

+2 (.15 + .28 + .26) ]
03. 2m 107.550 0.150
aL4 = 1.855 m²
04. 3m 107.460 0.240
05. 4m 107.420 0.280 aL4' = 1/3 (.225 + .220
06. 5m 107.390 0.310 + .225 x .220

)
07. 6m 107.440 0.260 aL4' = 0.222 m²
08. 7m 107.480 0.220

AL4 = 2.077 m2
09. 8m 107.475 0.225
10. 9m 107.480 0.220

SECTION L - 5
CALCULATION SHEET
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
Rule
02. 1m 107.495 0.205 AL5 = aL5 + aL5
03. 2m 107.545 0.155 aL5 = 1/3 [.155 + .215

+ 4 (.205 + .22 + . 370 +
04. 3m 107.480 0.220 .190 ) + 2 (.155 + .375
+ .29)
]
05. 4m 107.325 0.375
06. 5m 107.330 0.370 aL5 = 1.983 m²
07. 6m 107.410 0.290 aL5' = 1/3 [.215 + .215
08. 7m 107.510 0.190 + .215 x .215 ]
09. 8m 107.485 0.215 aL5' = 0.215 m²
10. 9m 107.485 0.215 AL5 = 1.983 + 0.215

= 2.198 m²
SECTION L - 6
01. 0m 107.560 107.700 0.140 aL6 = 1/3 [.140 + .250 +
02. 1m 107.525 0.170 4 (.170 + .280 + .285 +

.260)
+2 (.250 + .330 + .275) ]
03. 2m 107.450 0.250
aL6 = 2.027 m²
04. 3m 107.420 0.280
05. 4m 107.370 0.330 aL6' = 1/3 (.250 + .220
06. 5m 107.415 0.285 + .250 x .220

)
07. 6m 107.425 0.275 = 0.235 m²
08. 7m 107.440 0.260

AL6 = 2.262 m2
09. 8m 107.450 0.250
10. 9m 107.480 0.220

SECTION L - 7
CALCULATION SHEET
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
Rule
02. 1m 107.450 0.250
03. 2m 107.450 0.250 aL7 = 1/3 [.255 + .240

+ 4 (.250 + .26 + . 25 +
04. 3m 107.440 0.260 .245 ) + 2 (.25 + .30
+
.235) ]
05. 4m 107.400 0.300
06. 5m 107.450 0.250 aL7 = 2.028 m²
07. 6m 107.465 0.235 aL7' = 1/3 [.24 + .235
08. 7m 107.455 0.245 + .24 x .235 ]
09. 8m 107.460 0.240 aL7' = 0.237 m²
10. 9m 107.465 0.235 AL7 = 2.265 m²
SECTION L - 8
01. 0m 107.450 107.700 0.250 aL8 = 1/3 [.250 + .250 +
02. 1m 107.430 0.270 4 (.27 + .235 + .215 + .190)

+2 (.260 + .210 + .210) ]
03. 2m 107.440 0.260
aL8 = 1.833 m²
04. 3m 107.465 0.235
05. 4m 107.490 0.210 aL8' = 1/3 (.250 + .260
06. 5m 107.485 0.215 + .250 x .260

)
07. 6m 107.490 0.210 aL8' = 0.255 m²
08. 7m 107.510 0.190

AL8 = 2.088 m2
09. 8m 107.450 0.250
10. 9m 107.440 0.260

VOLUME CALCULATIONS BY PRISMOIDAL FORMULA
LINES SECTIONAL AREA
L1 A1 = 2.388 m 2
L2 A2 = 2.370 m 2
L3 A3 = 2.027 m 2
L4 A4 = 2.077 m 2
L5 A5 = 2.198 m 2
L6 A6 = 2.262 m 2
L7 A7 = 2.265 m 2
L8 A8 = 2.088 m 2
V1 = 1/3 x [ A1 + A7 + 4 (A2 + A4 + A6 + 2 (A3 + A5) ]
V1 = 39.939 m3
V2 = 1/3 x [ A7 + A8 + A7 x A8 ]
V2 = 2.176 m3
V = V1 + V2
V = 39.939 + 2.176
= 42.115 m3
SPECIFICATION FOR EARTH WORK
IN FILLING
1.0 MATERIAL FOR EARTHWORK
1.1 Only Material considered suitable by the Site-in-Charge shall be

employed for the construction and that considered unsuitable shall be
disposed off, as directed at his own cost and no claim for compensation
will be entertained.
1.2 The CONTRACTOR shall give the samples of Earth he proposes to

use for filling along with the following characteristics of the samples to
Site-in-Charge, prior to collection and use, for approval. The tests for
following characteristics shall be done in a laboratory/test house as
approved by Site-in-Charge.
(i) Mechanical analysis for grain size distribution as per IS:2720

part IV.
(ii) Liquid limit as per IS:2720 Part V.
(iii) Plastic limit as per IS:2720 Part V.
(iv) Moisture density relationship as per IS:2720 Part-VII.
1.3 The material (soil) used for filling shall be free from boulders lumps,
tree roots, rubbish or any organic deleterious matter.
1.4 Material (soil) having plasticity index less than 20 shall be used for
filling purpose.
1.5 Soil having laboratory maximum dry density of less than 1.5 gms/cc
shall not be used.
1.6 Care shall be taken to see that unsuitable waste material is disposed off
in such a manner that there is no likelihood of its getting mixed with
the material proposed to be used for filling.
2.0 CUTTING TREES
2.1 All trees having girth between 30 cms and 120 cms and which are not
marked for preservation, shall be cut down and their roots dug up to a
depth of 1 metre from the existing ground level.
2.2 All holes or hollows produced by digging up roots shall be carefully
filled with approved material (soil) including all leads and lifts,
rammed and compacted to obtain 90% of maximum laboratory dry
density of soil and levelled as directed.
2.3 All uprooted trees shall be stacked or disposed off as directed by Site-
in-Charge.
2.4 Payment
Cutting of trees above 30 cms girth shall be paid per number. The rate
quoted shall include cutting, uprooting, removing the trees within plant
boundary as directed, including filling holes or hollows produced by
removal of roots etc. as per specifications.
3.0 CLEARING AND STRIPPING
3.1 The areas including depressions, where filling or cutting is to be

carried out shall be cleared and stripped completely of bushes, roots,
vegetation, plantation trees, shrubs, trees upto 30 cms girth, organic
and other objectionable materials. All these shall be completely
uprooted and virgin soil exposed and not merely scrapped at the
surface. The roots of trees of girth upto 30 cms shall be removed to a
minimum depth of 1 M below existing ground level and holes, hollows
filled up with selected approved available earth within all leads and
lifts, and compacted to obtain 90% of laboratory dry density of soil and
levelled as directed by Site-in-Charge. All soft patches must be worked
out to remove soft soil and selected approved Earth Must be filled back
and the areas (areas coming under filling) compacted to obtain 90% of
maximum laboratory dry density of soil, as per IS:2720 Part-VII. The
depth of stripping shall be generally 50 to 150 mm, as decided by Site-
in-Charge.
3.2 Material obtained from clearing shall be stacked or disposed off as

directed by Site-in-Charge.
3.3 Payment
No separate payment shall be made for clearing, stripping and disposal

of Materials obtained from clearing. This shall be considered as part of
Cutting Work in areas of cutting and Filling work in areas of Filling
and the rates quoted under the respective items.
4.0 EARTHWORK IN FILLING
4.1 After clearing, stripping and consolidation of areas, spot levels at

intervals and pattern as decided by Site-in-Charge shall be taken jointly
and filling shall commence only after the levels are signed by the
CONTRACTOR as a token of his acceptance. Approved fill Material
shall be spread in uniform layers not exceeding 30 cms. in loose depth.
The Contractor has to make his own approach and access roads from
the borrow area to the demarcated filling areas. BPCL does not
guarantee any passage way or right of way for the Contractor's work
other than available at site. No claim shall also be admissible to the
CONTRACTOR on account of his having to take longer leads or
routes for earth movement, than envisaged by him, either due to any
road cuttings, non-availability of routes, or any other grounds
whatsoever.
In case total filling required in any area consists of earth both from
borrow areas and available approved excavated material from within
plant area, then joint levels, shall be taken before commencing filling
with earth from borrow area.
However, earth from Borrow areas required for filling can be used only
after the available earth from excavation within demarcated area has
been utilised and clearance to this effect obtained from the Site-in-
Charge.
4.2 All clods, Lumps, etc. shall be broken before compaction.
4.3 Successive layers of filling shall not be placed until the layer below has
been thoroughly compacted to satisfy the requirements laid down in
this specification.
4.4 Prior to Rolling, the moisture content of Material shall be brought to

within plus or minus 2% of the Optimum Moisture Content as
described in IS:2720 Part VII. The moisture Content shall preferably be
on the wet side for potentially expansive soil.
4.5 After adjusting the Moisture Content as described the layers shall be
thoroughly compacted by either sheep foot roller or power driven roller
or vibratory roller as approved by Site-in-Charge till the specified
maximum laboratory dry density is obtained.
4.6 Each layer shall be tested in field for density and accepted by Site-in-
Charge subject to achieving the required density before laying the next
layer. A minimum of one test per 500 M2 for each layer shall be
conducted.
4.7 If the layer fails to meet the required density, it shall be reworked or the
material shall be replaced and method of construction altered as
directed by Site-in-Charge to obtain the required density.
4.8 The filling shall be finished in conformity with the alignment, levels,
cross-section and dimensions as shown in the drawing.
Earthen embankment shall be filled 300 mm more on both sides, where
height is more than 1M, and this extra filling shall be dressed, after
compaction, in conformity with alignment, level, cross-section and
dimension as shown in the drawing to achieve proper compaction in
the slope. No extra payment shall be made in this regard.
4.9 Extra Material shall be removed and disposed off as directed by the
Site-in-Charge.
4.10 Tolerances
General site grading including cutting and filling in depressions shall

be carried out to within up down tolerance of ± 5 cms of final lines
grades and slopes.
4.11 Payment
Payment for filling shall be made on Cubic Metre of Volume

calculated on the basis of cross section plotted from the levels of
ground, where filling is to be carried out and the levels reached after
filling is duly consolidated, volume being calculated by Prismoidal
formula.
In case of simultaneous cut and fill operation, wherever specified,

payment shall be made on the basis of one composite rate for cutting
and filling, all other details about measurement etc. remaining same as
above.
No extra payment shall be made towards testing charges.

SPECIFICATION FOR PLAIN AND
REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE
1.0 Construction of plain and reinforced concrete works shall be in

accordance with IS:456 and other relevant codes mentioned therein.
2.0 GRADES OF CONCRETE
Unless otherwise specified, the grades of concrete shall generally be as

per table given below.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GRADE COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH
OF 15 CM CUBE AT
28 DAYS (N/SQ. MM)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
M 15 15
M 20 20
M 25 25
M 30 30
M 35 35
M 40 40
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The compressive strength is defined as the strength of material below

which not more than 5% of test results are expected to fall.
3.0 TYPE OF CONCRETE MIX
The concrete shall be either nominal mix or design mix as defined in

IS:456. Unless otherwise specified, all lean concrete shall be nominal
mix and all structural concrete shall be design mix.
3.1 NOMINAL MIX
This concrete shall be made by adopting proportions of materials as

specified in table given below
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GRADE TOTAL QUANTITY PROPORTION OF FINE QUANTITY OF
OF DRY AGGREGATES AGGREGATE TO COARSE WATER PER50
KG
BY MASS PER 50 KG AGGREGATE (BY WEIGHT) OCEMENT
(MAX.)
OF CEMENT(KG)(MAX) LITERS
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----
M5 800 Generally 1:2 but 60

subject to an upper
limit of 1:1.5 and
lower limit of 1:2.5
M 7.5 625 " 45
M 10 480 " 34
M 15 350 " 32
M 20 250 " 30
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.2 DESIGN MIX CONCRETE
The mix shall be designed to produce the grade of concrete having the
required workability and characteristic strength not less than
appropriate values given in para 2 above.
3.3 PROPORTIONING
Proportioning shall mean the process of determining the proportions of

the various ingredients to be used to produce concrete of the required
strength, workability, durability and other properties.
BPCL's Site-in-charge shall verify the strength of the concrete mix,

before giving his sanction for its use. However, this does not absolve
the Contractor from his responsibility as regards achieving the
prescribed strength of the mix. If during the execution of the work,
cube tests show lower strengths than required, the Site-in-Charge shall
order fresh trial mixes to be made by contractor. No claim to alter the
rates of concrete work shall be entertained due to some changes in mix
variations. Preliminary mix designs shall be established well ahead of
the start of work.
3.4 MAXIMUM DENSITY
Suitable proportions of sand and different sizes of coarse aggregates

for each grade of concrete shall be selected to give the maximum
density as nearly as practicable. This shall be determined by
mathematical means, laboratory test, field trials and suitable changes in
aggregate gradation.
3.5 WATER CEMENT RATIO
Once a mix, including its water-cement ratio, has been determined and
specified for use by the Site-in-charge, the water-cement ratio shall be
maintained. The Contractor shall determine the water content of the
aggregates frequently as the work progresses, and the amount of
mixing water shall be adjusted so as to maintain the specified water-
cement ratio.
3.6 CONSISTENCY
The concrete shall have consistency such that it shall be workable in

the required position and when properly vibrated it flows around
reinforcing steel all embedded fixtures etc.
3.7 WORKABILITY
The concrete mix proportion chosen should be such that the concrete is
of adequate workability for the placing condition and can be properly
compacted with the means available.
The suggested ranges of values of workability of concrete measured in

accordance with IS : 1199 are indicated below.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PLACING CONDITIONS DEGREE OF VALUES OF
WORKABILITY
WORKABILITY
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Concreting of shallow Very low 20-10 seconds, vee-bee
sections with vibration time or 0.75 - 0.80 ,
compacting factor
Concreting of lightly Low 10-5 seconds , vee-bee time

reinforced section with or
vibration 0.80 -0.85 , compacting
factor
Concreting of lightly Medium 5-2 seconds , vee-bee time

reinforced sections without or
vibration , or heavily 0.85-0.92 ,compacting
factor
reinforced sections with or
vibration 25-75 mm, slump for
20 mm
* aggregate
Concreting of heavily High Above 0.92, compacting

factor
reinforced sections without or
vibration 75-125 mm, slump for
20 mm
* aggregate.
*For smaller aggregate the values will be lower.
4.0 BATCHING
In proportioning concrete , the quality of both cement and aggregate

should be determined by weight. Where the weight of cement is
determined on the basis of weight of cement per bag, a reasonable
number of bags should be weighed periodically to check the net
weight. Water should be either measured by volume in calibrated tanks
or weighed. Any solid admixtures that may be added, may be measured
by weight; liquid and paste admixtures by volume or by weight.
Batching plant, where used, shall conform to IS : 4925. All measuring
equipment shall be maintained in a clean serviceable condition, and
their accuracy periodically checked.
4.1 Except where it can be shown to the satisfaction of the Site-in-charge

that supply of properly graded aggregate of uniform quality can be
maintained over the period of work, the grading of aggregate should be
controlled by obtaining the coarse aggregate in different sizes and
blending them in the right proportions when required, different sizes
being stacked in separate stock piles. The grading of coarse and fine
aggregate shall be checked frequently, the frequency for a given job
being determined by the Site-in-charge to ensure that the specified
grading is maintained.
4.2 Under special circumstances, change from weigh batching to volume

batching may be permitted by BPCL's Site-in-charge on specific
request from the Contractor.
4.3 The amount of the added water shall be adjusted to compensate for any
observed variations in the moisture contents in both fine and coarse
aggregates. For the determination of moisture content in the
aggregates, IS : 2386 (Part-III) may be referred to. To allow for the
variation in weight of aggregates due to variation in their moisture
content, suitable adjustments in the weights of aggregate shall also be
made. In the absence of exact data, only in the case of nominal mixes,
the amount of surface water may be estimated from the values given in
Table below:-
SURFACE WATER CARRIED BY AGGREGATE

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AGGREGATE APPROXIMATE QUANTITY OF SURFACE
WATER
Litres/M3 Percentage by weight
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Moderately Wet Sand 80 5.0
Moist sand 40 2.5
Moist gravel or crushed rock 20-40 1.25 - 2.5
Very wet Sand 120 7.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.0 CONCRETE MIXING.
The concrete mixing shall be carried out in an approved type of

mechanical mixer. The mixing shall be continued until there is a
uniform distribution of material and the mass is uniform in colour and
consistency. If there is segregation, after unloading from the mixer, the
concrete shall be remixed.
5.1 MIXER
Mixers shall comply with IS:1791 and shall be maintained in

satisfactory operating condition . Mixer drum shall be kept free of
hardened concrete and blades shall be replaced when worn down more
than ten percent (10%) of their depth. Should any mixer at any time
produce unsatisfactory results , leak mortar or cause waste of materials
, its use shall be promptly discontinued.
5.2 MIXING TIME
Mixing time shall be as indicated in the following table. Excessive

mixing requiring additions of water shall not be permitted. Time shall
start when all solid materials are poured in the revolving mixer drum,
provided that all or the mixing water shall be introduced before one-
fourth of the mixing time has elapsed. The Site-in-charge may,
however, direct a change in the mixing time, if he considers such a
change necessary.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAPACITY MINIMUM MIXING TIME
OF MIXER
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Cu.M or less 1-1/2 Minutes.
3 Cu.M 2-1/2 Minutes.
5 Cu.M 3 Minutes
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All records and charts for the batching and mixing operations shall be
prepared as specified and as per the instructions of the Site-in-charge.
5.3 HAND MIXING
Normally hand mixing of concrete shall not be permitted. However this

may be allowed by the Site-in-charge in special cases (such as far away
isolated places). Ten percent (10%) extra cement shall have to be
added to the normal mix when mixed by hand .It shall be carried out on
a water tight platform and care shall be taken to ensure that mixing is
continued until the mass is uniform in colour and consistency. No extra
payment shall be made to the Contractor for mixing by hand or for
using extra cement due to hand mixing.
5.4 ADMIXTURES
Admixtures shall be used in concrete only with the approval of the

Site-in-charge.
5.5 TRANSPORTATION
All concrete shall be conveyed from the mixer to the place of final
deposit as rapidly as possible in suitable buckets, dumpers, containers
or conveyors which shall be mortar leak tight. Care shall be taken to
prevent the segregation or loss of the ingredients and maintaining the
required work ability.
5.6 PLACING AND COMPACTION
Before placing concrete all soil surfaces upon which or against which
concrete is to be placed shall be well compacted and free from standing
water, mud or debris. Soft or yielding soil shall be removed and
replaced with lean concrete or with selected soils and compacted to the
density as directed by Site-in-charge. The surface of absorbing soil
(against which concrete is to be placed) shall be moistened thoroughly
so that moisture is not drawn from the freshly placed concrete.
Concrete shall not be placed until the framework, the placement of

reinforcing steel, embedded parts etc. have been inspected and
approved by the Site-in-charge. Any accumulated water on the surface
of the bedding layer shall be removed by suitable means before start of
placement. No concrete shall be placed on a water-covered surface.
Concrete shall be discharged by vertical drop only and the drop height
shall not exceed 1.5 M.
Concrete shall be deposited as near as practicable in its final position to

avoid rehandling. Concrete shall be placed in successive horizontal
layers.
All struts, stays and braces (serving temporarily to hold the forms in
correct shape and alignment pending the placing of concrete at their
locations) shall be removed when the concrete placing has reached an
elevations rendering their service unnecessary. These shall not be
buried in the concrete. Concrete shall be thoroughly compacted with
vibrators and fully worked around the reinforcement, embedded
fixtures and into corners of form work before setting commences. In no
case this shall be subsequently disturbed. Methods of placing shall be
such as to preclude segregation. Care shall be taken to avoid
displacement of reinforcement or movement of formwork.
Unless otherwise approved, concrete shall be placed in single operation
to the full thickness of slabs, beams and similar members. Concrete
shall be placed continuously until completion of the part of the work
between construction joints or as directed by the Site-in-charge.
The method of placing and compaction employed in any particular

section of the work shall be to the entire satisfaction of the Site-in-
charge.
During hot weather (atmospheric temperature above 40 oc) or cold

weather (atmospheric temperature below 5 oc), the concreting shall be
done as per the procedure set out in IS:7861.
Concrete that has been left standing and become stiffened shall not be
deposited in the work.
5.7 ITEMS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE
Concreting shall not be started unless the electrical conduits, pipes,

fixture etc., wherever required, are laid by the concerned agency. The
Contractor shall afford all the facilities and maintain co-ordination of
work with other agencies engaged in electrical and such other work as
directed by the Site-in-charge.
Before concreting, the Contractor shall provide, fabricate and lay in

proper position all metal inserts, anchor bolts, pipes etc. (which are
required to be embedded in concrete members) as per relevant
drawings and directions of Site-in-charge.
6.0 REQUIREMENT OF CONCRETE EXPOSED TO

SULPHATE ATTACK
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Concentration of Type of Min.
Max.
Sulphates Cement Cement
Water
Content
Cement
Kg/M³
Ratio
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In soil In Water
(%) (ppm)
Less than Less than OPC 280 0.55

0.2 300
0.2 to 0.5 300 to OPC or 330 0.5

1200 Super 310 0.5
Sulphated
cement
0.5 to 1.0 1200 to Super 330 0.5

2500 sulphated
cement
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.0 CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
7.1 Construction joints shall be provided in position as shown or described

on the drawings or as directed by the Site-in-charge. Such joints shall
be kept to the minimum. These shall be straight and at right angles to
the direction of main reinforcement.
7.2 In a column, the joint shall be formed about 100 mm to 150 mm below
the lowest soffit of the beams framing into it. Concrete in a beam and
slab shall be placed throughout without a joint but if the provision of a
joint is unavoidable, the joint shall be vertical and located within 1/3 to
1/4 of the span. This is to be done to ensure that joint is located at the
point of minimum shear.
7.3 When stopping the concrete on a vertical plane in slabs and beams, an
approved stop board shall be placed with necessary slots for
reinforcement bars. The construction joints shall be keyed by providing
a triangular or trapezoidal fillet nailed on the stop board. When
concrete is stopped on a horizontal plane, the surface shall be
roughened and cleaned after the initial set .
7.4 When the work has to be resumed on a surface, which has hardened,
such surface shall be roughened to expose the tips of the coarse
aggregate by hacking it. It shall then be swept clean and thoroughly
wetted. For vertical joints neat cement slurry shall be applied on the
surface before it is dry. For horizontal joints the surface shall be
covered with a layer of mortar about 10 to 15 mm thick composed of
cement and sand in the same ratio as the cement and sand in concrete
mix. This layer of cement slurry or mortar shall be freshly mixed and
applied immediately before placing the concrete.
7.5 Where the concrete has not fully hardened, all laitance shall be
removed by scrubbing the wet surface with wire or bristle brushes, care
being taken to avoid dislodgement of particles of aggregate. The
surface shall be thoroughly wetted and all free water removed. The
surface shall be coated with neat cement slurry. On this surface, a layer
of concrete not exceeding 150 mm in thickness shall first be placed and
shall be well rammed against old work, particular attention being paid
to corners and close spots , work thereafter shall proceed in normal
way.
8.0 SEPARATION JOINT
Separation joint shall be obtained by using an approved alkathene sheet

stuck on the surface against which concrete shall be placed.
9.0 EXPANSION JOINT
Expansion joints in structures shall be formed in positions and to the

shapes shown in relevant drawings. Joints shall be filled with material
as stipulated in drawings/schedule of rates/Tender Schedule.
10.0 PROTECTION OF FRESHLY LAID CONCRETE
Newly placed concrete shall be protected by approved means from rain,

sun and wind. Concrete placed below the ground level shall be
protected from falling earth during and after placing. Surface shall be
kept free from contact with such ground or with water draining from
such ground during placing of concrete for a period of atleast 3 days.
The ground water around newly poured concrete shall be kept to an
approved level by pumping or other means.
11.0 CURING
Curing of concrete shall be in accordance with IS : 456. Concrete shall

be cured by keeping it continuously wet for the specified period of time
to ensure complete hydration and hardening. Curing shall be started
after 8 hours of placement of concrete and in hot weather after 4 hours.
Curing shall be assured by use of an ample water supply in pipes, with

all necessary appliances such as hose, sprinklers etc. A layer of
sacking, canvass, hessian, or other approved material that will hold
moisture for long periods and prevent loss of moisture from the
concrete shall be used as covering. Type of covering which would
stain, disfigure, or damage the concrete during and after the curing
period shall not be used.
The Contractor shall have all equipment and materials required for
curing on hand and ready for use before concrete is placed.
For curing the concrete in pavements, floors, flat roofs or other level
surfaces the ponding method of curing is preferred after the expiry of
first 24 hours during which (i.e. first 24 hours) the concrete shall be
cured by use of wet sacking, canvass, hessian etc. The minimum water
depth of 25 mm for ponding shall be maintained. The ponded areas
shall be kept continuously filled with water and leaks, if any , shall be
promptly repaired.
12.0 DAMP PROOF COURSE - (DPC)
The 40 mm thick Damp Proof Course shall consist of plain cement

concrete of nominal mix 1:2:4 by volume (1 Cement : 2 Coarse Sand :
4 Crushed Stone Aggregates ) with 10 mm and down size graded
aggregate, unless otherwise specified.
The Damp Proof Course shall be laid at plinth level of brick walls,
flush with the floor surface and shall not be carried across doorways.
Before laying, the top surface of wall should be thoroughly cleaned and
watered. The D.P.C shall be laid in layers of 20 mm thickness retaining
the edges by necessary formwork and shall be well tamped and
trowelled to smooth finish. The layer shall be cured by keeping the
surface wet for 40 hours and after it has dried, two coats of hot bitumen
of grade 85/25 conforming to IS:73 shall be applied over it at the rate
to 1.7 Kg/M2. Over this, the second layer 20 mm thick concrete shall
be laid and cured as described in case of the first layer and two coats of
hot bitumen at the rate of 1.7 Kg/M2 shall be applied again in a similar
manner. Over this, dry sharp sand shall be sprinkled evenly.
13.0 FINISHING OF CONCRETE
On striking the formwork, all surface defects such as bulges, ridges and
honey-combing etc. observed shall be brought to the notice of the Site-
in-charge. The Site-in-charge may, at his discretion allow rectification
by necessary chipping and packing or grouting with concrete or cement
mortar. However, if honeycombing or sagging are of such extent as
being undesirable, the Site-in-charge may reject the work totally and
his decision shall be binding. No extra payment shall be made for
rectifying these defects, demolishing and reconstructing the structure.
All burrs and uneven faces shall be rubbed smooth with the help of
carborandum stone.
13.1 REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT OF UNSATISFACTORY

CONCRETE
Repairs shall be made as soon as possible after the forms are removed
and before the concrete becomes too hard. Stone pockets, segregation
patches and damaged areas shall be chipped out and the edges undercut
slightly to form a key. All loose material shall be washed out before
patching.
A good bond between the patch and parent concrete shall be obtained
by sprinkling dry cement on the wet surface or by throwing mortar with
force on to the wetted concrete, or by brush in a coat of thick cement
grout of about 1:1 (1 Cement:1 Sand) just before applying the patching
material. Before this has dried, the remainder of the patch shall be
filled with mortar or concrete, depending on the extent of the repair.
Cement concrete/mortar used in repair of exposed surfaces shall be

made with cement from the same source as that used in concrete and
blended with sufficient amount of white Portland cement to produce
the same colour as in the adjoining concrete. The proportions of
ingredients shall be same as those used in parent concrete. The mortar
shall be as dry as possible and well compacted into the cavity. All
filling shall be tightly bonded to the concrete and shall be sound, free
from shrinkage cracks after the filling has been cured and dried.
For larger repairs to hardened concrete, necessary formwork bearing

tightly at the edges of the cavity shall be provided. Concrete shall be
chipped out to a depth of at least 100 mm. Mortar shall be scrubbed
into all surfaces with a wire brush before placing the concrete.
Damaged reinforcement shall be adequately spliced with new steel so
as to maintain the original strength. Additional reinforcement, if
required in the patch, shall be provided as per the instructions of Site-
in-charge.
13.2 CURING OF PATCHED WORK
Immediately after patching is completed, the patched area shall be

covered with an approved non-staining water saturated material, which
shall be kept wet and protected against sun and wind for a period of 12
hours. Thereafter, the patched area shall be kept continuously wet by a
fine spray or sprinkling for not less than 10 days.
13.3 The use of an epoxy for bonding fresh concrete used for repairs shall
be permitted at the discretion of the Site-in-charge. Epoxy shall be
applied in strict accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer.
14.0 CEMENT WASH
If instructed by the Site-in-charge, the Contractor shall provide one

coat of cement wash over the concrete surfaces of foundation, pipe
racks, columns, walls etc. which are not plastered.
15.0 FORM WORK
Forms for concrete shall be of plywood or steel as directed by the Site-

in-charge and shall give smooth and even surface after removal thereof.
If it is desired by the Site-in-charge, the Contractor shall prepare,

before commencement of actual work, design and drawings for
framework and get them approved by the Site-in-charge.
15.1 FORM REQUIREMENT
The formwork shall be true, rigid and adequately braced both

horizontally as well as diagonally. The forms shall have smooth and
even surface and be sufficiently strong to carry without deformation the
dead weight of the green concrete, working load, wind load and also
the side pressure exerted by the green concrete. As far as practicable,
clamps shall be used to hold the forms together. Where use of nails is
unavoidable minimum number of nails shall be used and these shall be
left projecting so that they can be easily withdrawn.
Form joints shall not permit any leakage. The formwork shall be strong
enough to withstand the effect of vibrations practically without any
deflection, bulging, distortion or loosening of its components. Forms
for beams and slabs (span more than 6.0 m) shall have camber of 1 in
500 so as to offset the deflection and assume correct shape and line
after deposition of concrete. For cantilevers, the camber at free end
shall be 1/100th of the projected length.
15.2 INSPECTION OF FORMS
Before concrete is placed, all forms shall be carefully inspected to

ensure that they are properly placed, sufficiently rigid and tight,
thoroughly cleaned, properly treated and free from foreign material.
The complete formwork shall be inspected and approved by the Site-
in-charge before the reinforcement bars are placed in position. When
forms appear to be unsatisfactory in any way, either before or during
the placing of concrete, the work shall be stopped until the defects have
been corrected as per the instructions of the Site-in-charge.
15.3 TREATMENT OF FORMS
The surfaces of forms that would come in contact with concrete shall
be well treated with approved non-staining release agents such as soft
soap, oil, emulsions etc. Care shall be taken that such release agents are
kept out of contact with the reinforcement.
15.4 REUSE OF FORMS

Before reuse, all forms shall be thoroughly scrapped, cleaned,
examined and when necessary repaired and retreated before resetting.
Formwork shall not be reused, if declared unfit or un-serviceable by the
Site-in-charge.
15.5 REMOVAL OF FORMS/ STRIPPING TIME
In the determination of time for removal of forms, consideration shall

be given to the location and character of the structures, the weather and
other conditions including the setting and curing of the concrete and
material used in the mix.
Forms and their supports shall not be removed without the approval of
the Site-in-charge. Methods of form removal likely to cause
overstressing or damage to the concrete shall not be adopted. Supports
shall be removed in such a manner as to permit the concrete to
uniformly and gradually take the stresses due to its own weight.
In normal circumstances and where ordinary Portland cement is used,

forms may generally be removed after expiry of following periods and
as per IS:456,
(1) Walls , columns and vertical faces 24 to 48 hrs as

may
of all structural members be decided by the
Site-in-charge.
(2) Slabs (props left under) 3 days.
(3) Beam Soffits (props left under) 7 days
(4) Removal of props under slabs :

Spanning up to 4.5 M 7 days.
Spanning over 4.5 M 14 days.
(5) Removal of props under beams and

arches :
Spanning upto 6 M 14 days
Spanning over 6 M and upto 9M 21 days
Over 9 M 28 days
15.6 STAGING/SCAFFOLDING
Staging/Scaffolding shall be properly planned and designed by the

Contractor. The Contractor shall get it reviewed by Site-in-charge
before commencement of work.
16.0 REINFORCEMENT
Reinforcement shall be cut, bent to shape and dimensions as shown in

the bar bending schedules/drawings. In normal course the bar bending
schedule shall be supplied to the Contractor, however, in case, bar
bending schedule is not provided , the Contractor shall develop the
same at no extra cost to the Owner and get it reviewed by the Site-in-
charge. The Contractor shall check the bar-bending schedule (issued by
the Owner) prior to fabrication and satisfy himself about the
correctness of the same.
16.1 STRAIGHTENING, CUTTING AND BENDING
Procedure for cutting and bending shall be as given in IS:2502.
16.2 PLACING AND FIXING
All reinforcement shall be cleaned of mill scale, loose rust, oil, grease
or any other harmful material before placing them in position.
All reinforcement shall be fixed in correct position and shall be

properly supported to ensure that displacement will not occur when
concrete is placed.
The reinforcement bars shall be tied at every intersections by two

strands of 16 SWG black soft annealed binding wire.
16.3 OVERLAPPING
Only bars of full length shall be used as shown in the drawings. But
where this can not be done, overlapping of bars shall be done as
directed by the Site-in-charge. Where practicable, the overlapping bars
shall not touch each other, but these shall be kept apart by 25 mm or
1.25 times the maximum size of the coarse aggregate whichever is
greater. But where this is not possible, the overlapping bars shall be
tied with two strands of 16 SWG black soft annealed binding wire. The
overlaps shall be staggered for different bars and located at points
along the span where neither shear nor bending moment is maximum.
16.4 WELDED JOINTS
Welding of reinforcing bars shall not be permitted without the written

permission of the Site-in-charge. Where welding is permitted, it shall
be in accordance with the recommendations of IS:2751 and IS:9417.
Welded joints shall be located at suitable staggered positions. Tests
shall be made to prove that the joints are of the full strength of the bars.
16.5 SUBSTITUTION
When specified diameter of reinforcement bars is not available, the
Contractor shall use other diameter of reinforcement bars on written
approval of the Site-in-charge.
16.6 COVER
Cover to reinforcement shall be as indicated on the drawings and in

their absence as per IS:456 or directed by the Site-in-charge.
17.0 PRECAST CONCRETE
17.1 Specifications contained in clauses above regarding concrete,

formwork and reinforcement shall apply in addition to the clauses
given as under. The Contractor shall get the precasting bed approved
by the Site-in-charge prior to the start of the work.
17.2 Necessary lifting hooks of 12mm diameter MS rounds shall be

provided for handling as indicated in the drawing or as directed.
17.3 Unless otherwise specified, the exposed surfaces of precast members

shall be finished smooth with 1:3 (1 Cement: 3 Sand) cement mortar.
Surface used, as walkways shall be given a non-skid finish
18.0 PAYMENT
18.1 PLAIN AND REINFORCED CONCRETE
Payment for plain and reinforced cement concrete (cast in-situ) shall be
made on cubic meter basis of the volume of the actual finished work
done or as per approved construction drawings, whichever is less and
shall be inclusive of providing pockets, openings, recesses of all sizes,
chamfers, fillets construction joints, cement wash, curing etc. The rates
shall be deemed to include complete cost of taking and testing concrete
cubes and carrying out other tests as per specifications and as directed
by Site-in-charge.
The rate shall however be exclusive of reinforcement, metal inserts,

pipe sleeves, and formwork. Where the strength of concrete mix
(nominal or design) as indicated by tests, lies in between the strengths
of any two grades and it is accepted by the Owner/Site-in-charge, such
concrete shall be classified as a grade belonging to the lower of the two
grades between which it lies.
The concrete giving lower strength than specified may be accepted at

reduced rates after satisfying the safety of the structure by checking it
with devices such as impact hammer, load test etc. or rejected entirely
at the discretion of the Site-in-charge. The rejected concrete shall be
dismantled at no extra cost to the owner and no payment shall be made
for the concrete so rejected and the formwork and reinforcement used
for the same . In case the concrete of lower strength can be improved
by carrying out some strengthening measures entirely at the discretion
of the Site-in-charge, then the said measures shall be carried out by
Contractor at his own cost. If the Contractor is able to make up the
strength to the required grade by such improvement measures ,
payment shall be made for the grade achieved. However, if the strength
of concrete is not made up to the strength of required grade , then no
payment whatsoever shall be made for any improvement measures
undertaken by the Contractor and payment shall be made only for the
lower strength if accepted by the Site-in-charge.
Deductions for openings, pockets etc. shall be as specified in relevant

Indian Standard Codes.
18.2 FORM WORK
Unless otherwise specified, payment for formwork shall be on square

meter basis of the actual area in contact with the concrete cast. The
rates shall be inclusive of keeping the formwork for the full period as
specified in the above clauses and removing the same after the period
is over. No extra payment shall be made for providing
scaffolding/staging.
Superior quality formwork for exposed/architectural concrete work

shall be measured and paid separately under the relevant item in the
schedule of rates.
18.3 REINFORCEMENT
Payment for reinforcement bars shall be on the basis of weight in

metric tons. The weight shall be derived from the sizes and
corresponding unit weights given in handbook of Bureau of Indian
Standards. Binding wire shall not be weighed nor otherwise measured.
Measurements for weight shall not include cutting allowance etc.
Rate quoted for reinforcement should include cost of supplying,

decoiling, straightening, cleaning, cutting, bending, placing, binding,
welding if required and providing necessary cover blocks of concrete
18.4 PRE-CAST CONCRETE
Payment for precast concrete members shall be made on cubic metre

basis of the volume of the finished member. The rate quoted shall
include cost of formwork, preparation of casting yard, finishing as
specified, curing, handling, fixing in position, breaking masonry and/or
concrete surfaces and making good the same etc. Reinforcement shall
be paid separately under relevant items. Lifting hooks shall be paid on
the same basis as reinforcement . Metal inserts shall be paid as per
relevant clauses of Specification
18.5 DAMP PROOF COURSE (D.P.C)
Payment shall be made on square meter basis of the area laid inclusive
of formwork, curing, providing and applying bitumen, supplying and
spreading sand over bitumen etc.
SPECIFICATION FOR
BRICK MASONRY
1.0 CLASSIFICATION OF BRICK WORK
Bricks shall conform to IS:1077. Locally available best quality bricks

with a minimum compressive strength of 50 to 75 Kg/cm² conforming
to the specification shall be used for construction. The brickwork shall
be classified as 50A class or 50-B class or 35 A class (Locally
available bricks) according to the classification of bricks used and the
method of laying. The sampling and testing of bricks shall be done in
accordance with the procedure laid down in IS :5454 and IS:3495
respectively.
2.0 CEMENT MORTAR
Cement Mortar shall be prepared by mixing cement, sand and water in

specified proportions. The mortar shall be used as soon as possible
after mixing and before it has begun to set and in any case within thirty
(30) minutes after the water is added to the dry mixtures. Mortar
unused for more than 30 minutes shall be rejected and removed from
the site of work.
2.1 PROPORTIONING
The unit of measurement for cement shall be a bag of cement weighing

50 kgs and this shall be taken as 0.035 cubic meter (M3). Sand in
specified proportion shall be measured on the basis of its dry volume.
In case of damp sand its quantity shall be increased suitably to allow
for bulkage.
2.2 MIXING
The mixing of mortar shall be done in mechanical mixer operated

manually or by power. The Site-in-charge may, however, relax this
conditions at his discretion, taking into account the nature and location
of work, practicability of the use of these machines etc., particularly
keeping in view the utilisation of mortar turned out in one operation of
the mixer before its set initially or where items involving small
quantities are to be done or if, in his opinion, the use of mixer is not
feasible.
A) Mixing in Mechanical Mixer
Cement and sand in specified proportion shall be mixed dry

thoroughly in a mixer. Water shall then be added gradually and
wet mixing continued for at least one minute. Care shall be
taken not to add more water than that which shall bring the
mortar to the consistency of a stiff paste.
Only the quantity of mortar which can be used within 30

(thirty) minutes of its mixing , shall be prepared at a time.
Mixer shall be cleaned with water each time before suspending

the work.
B) Hand mixing
The measured quantity of sand shall be levelled on clean

masonry platform and cement bags emptied on top. The cement
and sand shall be thoroughly mixed dry till the mixture is of a
uniform color. The quantity of dry mix, which can be used
within 30 minutes, shall then be mixed with just sufficient
quantity of water to bring the mortar to the consistency of a stiff
paste.
3.0 PROCEDURE OF CONSTRUCTION
3.1 SOAKING OF BRICKS
Bricks shall be thoroughly soaked in clean water before use for at least
two hours and until air bubbles cease to come out. The soaked bricks
shall be kept on wooden planks or bricks platform to avoid earth being
smeared on them. At the time of placing the bricks, they should be
bone-dry.
3.2 LAYING
Brickwork (one or more brick thickness) shall be laid in English Bond

unless otherwise specified. Half or cut bricks shall not be used except
when needed to complete the bond. The walls shall be taken up truly
plumb; if battered, the batter is to be truly maintained. All courses shall
be laid truly horizontal and all vertical joints shall be truly vertical. The
level and verticality of the brickwork in walls shall be checked up at
every one-metre interval.
Brick shall be laid with frogs upward. While laying, bricks shall be
thoroughly bedded and flushed in mortar and tapped into position with
a wooden mallet and the superfluous mortar removed.
The walls of all structures shall be carried up regularly in all cases

leaving no part one-meter lower than another. If this cannot be adhered
to, the brick work shall be raked back according to bond (and not left
toothed) at and angle not more than 45o but raking back should not start
within 60 centimetres of a corner.
The brickwork shall not be raised more than 14 courses per day.
All iron fixtures, pipes, conduits, holdfasts of doors and windows etc.
which are required to be built in walls, shall be embedded in cement
mortar or in cement concrete as specified, in their correct position as
the work proceeds.
3.3 JOINTING
Joints shall be restricted to 6 mm in 50 A class brick work and 10 mm

in 50 B class and 35 A class brick work. After the work the faces of the
brickwork shall be cleaned (the very day, the brick work is laid) with
wire brush and all mortar droppings removed.
3.4 CURING
Green work shall be protected from rain by suitable covering. Masonry

work as it progresses shall be kept thoroughly well watered on all faces
for al least 10 days after completion. The top of masonry work shall be
left flooded at the close of the day by forming fillet of mortar 40 mm
high round the edges of top course and filled with water.
4.0 SCAFFOLDING/STAGING
Staging/Scaffolding shall be properly planned and designed by the

Contractor. The Contractor shall get it reviewed by Site-in-charge
before commencement of work.
5.0 HALF BRICK MASONRY
5.1 Brickwork shall be of half brick thickness and reinforced with 40 x 3

mm thick MS flats as specified.
5.2 LAYING
The work shall be done exactly in a similar manner as brickwork of

one or more brick thickness except that all courses shall be laid with
stretchers. Before laying, the reinforcement bars shall be straightened
and thoroughly cleaned. Half the mortar thickness for the bedding joint
shall be laid first and then MS rounds embedded (one on each face of
the brick work) maintaining a side cover of 12 mm mortar.
Subsequently the other half of the mortar thickness shall be laid
covering the reinforcement fully. The reinforcement bars shall be
carried at least 150 mm into the adjoining walls.
At the junction of two walls, the brick shall, at each alternate course, be
carried into each of the respective walls so as to thoroughly unite the
work. The brickwork shall not be raised more than 14 courses per day.
All required fixtures shall be embedded in cement mortar or concrete

as specified in their correct position as the work proceeds.
6.0 PAYMENT
6.1 Payment for brick masonry work (of one or more brick thickness) shall
be made on cubic metre basis on the volume of actual work done.
6.2 Payment for half brick masonry work shall be made on square meter
(M2) basis on the area of actual work done and shall include cost of
supplying and fixing reinforcement in position.
6.3 The rate of brick masonry work shall be inclusive of all labour,
material, sampling and testing, scaffolding/staging, soaking of bricks
raking of joints, curing, providing recesses and openings, embedding
fixtures etc.
SPECIFICATION FOR
STONE MASONRY
1.0 RANDOM RUBBLE MASONRY
1.1 STONE
Stone shall be of approved quality and type. It shall be hard, sound,

uniform in colour and free from decay and weathering. Unless
otherwise approved, stones from one single quarry shall be used for
any one work. The length of the stone shall not exceed three times the
height and the breadth on base shall not be greater than 3/4 th the
thickness of wall and not less than 15 cms. The height of stone may be
up to 30 cms.
1.2 DRESSING
Stone shall be hammer-dressed on the face, the sides and the beds. The
"bushing" (projection) on the face shall not project more than 40 mm
on an exposed face and 10 mm on the face to be plastered.
1.3 LAYING
All stones shall be wetted before use. The wall shall be carried up truly
plumb or to specified batter. Every stone shall be carefully fitted to the
adjacent stones so as to form neat and close joints. Stones may be laid
at random without being brought upto any level courses except at
plinth, window sills and roof level. The bond shall be obtained by
fitting in closely the adjacent stones and by using bond stones. Face
stones shall extend and bond well into the backing. These shall be
arranged to break joints as much as possible and to avoid long vertical
lines of joints. Hearting (interior filling) of the wall face shall consist
of rubble stones with thickness not less than 100 mm in any direction,
carefully laid, hammered down with a wooden mallet into position and
solidly bedded in mortar. Chips and spawls of stones shall be used
wherever necessary to avoid thick mortar beds or joints and at the same
time ensuring that no hollow spaces are left anywhere in the masonry.
The masonry in a structure shall be carried regularly. Where the
masonry of one part has to be delayed, the work shall be raked back at
an angle not steeper than 45 degree.
1.4 BOND STONE
Bond or through stone running right through the thickness of wall shall
be provided in the walls having thickness upto 600 mm. If the walls are
thicker than 600mm, two or more bond stones overlapping each other
by at least 150 mm shall be provided in a line from face to back.
Atleast one bond stone or a set of bond stones shall be provided for
every 0.5 sq.m. of wall surface
1.5 JOINTING
Stones shall be so laid that all joints are fully packed with mortar. Face
joints shall be 20 mm thick. The joints shall be struck flush and
finished at the time of laying when plastering and pointing is not
required. If walls are to be plastered or pointed, joints shall be raked to
a depth of 20 mm (minimum) during the progress of work when the
mortar is still green. For the faces of walls that are not to be plastered,
stone surfaces shall be cleared of mortar splashing to give uniform
appearance.
1.6 PAYMENT
Payment for stone masonry work shall be made on cubic metre (M3)
basis on the volume of actual work done and the rates shall be
inclusive of all labour, material, scaffolding/staging, wetting out of
stones, raking out joints, curing, providing recesses and openings,
embedding fixtures etc.
2.0 COURSED RUBBLE MASONRY
2.1 STONE:
Stones shall be as specified in 1.1.
2.2 DRESSING:
Face stones shall be hammer dressed and to be squared on all sides and
joints so as to give them approximately rectangular block shape. The
bed joint shall be rough chisel dressed, true and square for at least 60
mm back from the face and the side joints for at least 40 mm, such that
no portion of the dressed surface is more than 6 mm from a straight
edge placed on it. The remaining portion of stones shall not project
beyond the surface of the bed and side joints. The "Bushing" on the
face shall not project more than 40 mm on exposed face and 10 mm on
the face to be plastered.
2.3 LAYING:
All stones shall be wetted before use. The walls shall be carried up
truly plumb or to specified batter. All courses shall be laid truly
horizontal and all vertical joints shall be truly vertical. The stones shall
be laid in horizontal courses and each course shall be of equal height.
The height of each course shall not be less than 150 mm and not more
than 300 mm.
Face stones shall be laid as alternate headers and stretchers. Stones

shall break joint atleast half the height of the course. No face stone
shall be less in breadth than its height and at least one third of the
stones shall tail into the work for length not less than twice their
height. The hearting of interior filling of the wall shall consist of flat-
bedded stones carefully laid on their proper beds or joints of mortar
and at the same time ensuring that no hollow spaces are left anywhere
in the masonry. Chips not more than 10% of quantity of stone masonry
may be used where necessary to fill interstices between adjacent stones
to avoid thick beds or joints of mortar.
The masonry in structure shall be carried up regularly, but where

breaks are unavoidable, the joint shall be raked back at an angle not
exceeding 45 degree.
2.4 BOND STONE
Same as for random rubble masonry except that a bond stone or a set of
bond stones shall be inserted 1.5 to 1.8 m apart, in every course.
2.5 JOINTS
All bed joints shall be horizontal and all side joints vertical. All joints
shall be full of mortar. Face joints shall not be more than 10 mm thick.
When plastering or pointing is not required to be done, the joints shall
be struck flush and finished at the time of laying. Otherwise the joints
shall be raked to a minimum depth of 20 mm during the progress of
work when the mortar is still green. The joint shall be either flush or
struck. Raised or cut-pointing, shall be done with cement mortar 1:3
using wooden mould/template of minimum 12 mm depth for
uniformity.
SPECIFICATION FOR
PLASTERING AND POINTING
1. CEMENT PLASTERING
1.1 PREPARATION OF SURFACE
The surface to be plastered shall be thoroughly cleaned so that it is free

from dust, dirt, oil, salts, etc. On cement concrete surfaces, the surface
shall be cleaned with wire brush and scarified by lines with trowel.
The surface in both cases shall be washed properly and kept wet for 4
hours before plastering is commenced.
1.2 MORTAR
The mortar of specified mix shall be used.
1.3 APPLICATION OF PLASTER
Plaster shall be started from top and gradually worked down towards
floor. It shall not, at any place be thinner than specified. To ensure even
thickness, plaster of about 15cm x 15cm shall be first applied
horizontally and vertically at not more than 2 metre interval over the
entire surface to serve as gauges. The surfaces of these gauged areas
shall be truly in the plane of finished plaster surface. The mortar shall
then be laid on the wall or other surfaces between the gauges and
finished even. All corners shall be rounded to a radius of 25 mm unless
otherwise specified. The Contractor shall not be paid for any extra
thickness of plaster done than as specified. The plastering thickness
shall generally be as under unless otherwise specified.
For internal wall - 12 mm thick in CM 1:4
External wall - 15 or 19 mm thick in CM 1:4 in two coats
For underside of roof - 6 mm thick in CM 1:3
1.4 CURING
Curing shall start 24 hours after the plaster is laid. It shall be kept were
for 7 days.
During this period it shall be suitably protected from all damages at the
Contractor's expenses by such means as approved by the Site-in-
charge.
1.5 Any cracks which appear in the surface and all portions which sound
hollow when tapped, or are found to be soft or otherwise defective,
shall be cut out in rectangular shape and redone as directed by the Site-
in-charge.
1.6 Wherever specified, standard water proofing compound as approved by

the Site-in-charge shall be added to the mortar at the rate of 3% or as
specified by the manufacturer by weight of Cement for which the rate
shall be specified separately in the schedule of rates.
1.7 PAYMENT
Payment for plastering shall be made on square metre basis,

irrespective of particular thickness of plaster. For openings of area less
than 0.5 metre square no deduction and no payment shall be made for
jambs, sills, soffits etc. For opening of area between 0.5 sqm and 3.0
sqm. each , deduction shall be made at 50% of the opening area and no
payment made for jambs, soffits etc. For openings of area above 3 sqm.
each , deduction shall be made for full area of opening but Jambs,
Soffits and Sills, shall be measured. All measurements shall be
separately made for each face. The rate of plastering shall include the
cost of providing drip moulds/bands, scaffolding, swing etc. needed for
the work with labour and material all complete.
2.0 SAND FACE PLASTER
The surface to be plastered shall be thoroughly cleaned so that it is free

from dust, dirt, oil, salts etc. On cement concrete surfaces, the surface
shall be cleaned with wire brush and scarified by lines with trowel. The
surface in both cases shall be washed properly and kept wet for 4 hours
before plastering is commenced.
2.2 Sand face plaster shall consist of two layers. The first layer generally
7mm average thick cement plaster with cement mortar of 1:4 mix (1
cement : 4 sand) shall be rough finished. Over this a second layer of
average 13 mm thick of cement sand plaster in the proportion of 1:2
mix shall be applied. The second layer of plaster shall be laid only after
first layer has sufficiently dried.
The surface of sand plaster shall be finished rough with sponge or as

directed by the Site-in-charge.
2.3 CURING
The plaster shall be thoroughly cured for 7 days as directed by Site-in-
charge.
2.4 Any cracks which appear in the surface and all portions which sound
hollow when tapped, or are found to be soft or otherwise defective,
shall be cut out in rectangular shape and redone as directed by the Site-
in-charge.
2.5 PAYMENT
Payment for plastering shall be made on square metre basis, for the
particular thickness of plaster. Deduction shall not be made for Jambs,
Sills and soffits measured for opening of area less than 0.5 sqm. each.
For opening of area between 0.5 sqm. and 3.0sqm. each, deduction
shall be made at 50% of the opening area and no payment made for
jambs, soffits, sills etc. For openings of area above 3 sqm. each,
deduction shall be made for full area of opening but jambs, soffits and
sills shall be measured. All measurements shall be separately made for
each face. The rate shall include the cost of providing drip
moulds/bands, scaffolding and swing etc., needed for the work with
labour and material all complete.
3.0 ROUGH CAST CONCRETE FACING/AGGREGATE

FACING
3.1 The surface shall be prepared as for cement plaster and then 2 cm
backing coat of cement mortar 1:3 (1 cement:3 sand) shall be applied.
Subsequently a top coat, 13mm average thick of cement and stone
chips mixture in proportion 1:3 (1 cement : 3 stone chips 10mm size
and below) shall be applied by throwing the mixture on top with trowel
to produce uniform rough texture.
3.2 PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on square metre basis. The rate shall include
the cost of scaffolding, swing etc. With labour and material all
complete.
4.0 POINTING
4.1 TYPE OF POINTING
Pointing shall be of the type specified such as "Flush", "ruled" and

"Raised and cut" etc.

The Joints shall be brushed clean of dust with wire brush and wetted
thoroughly for 6 hours before pointing is commenced.
4.3 MORTAR
Mortar of specified mix shall be used conforming to the schedule of

rates.
4.4 APPLICATION & FINISHING
The mortar shall be pressed into raked out joints with pointing trowel
and finished either flush, sunk or raised according to type of pointing
specified in the drawings or as directed. The superfluous mortar shall
be cut off from the edges of the lines and the surface of masonry shall
be cleaned of all mortar finish to be free of slack spots, cut faces and
other blemishes. Finished work of pointing shall be to exact size and
shape stipulated and edges shall be straight, neat and clean.
4.5 CURING
The pointing shall be kept wet for 7 days. During this period it shall be
suitably protected from all damages.
4.6 PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on basis of area of brick wall pointed with

deductions for voids as per clause 1.7. The rate shall include cost of all
material and labour involved in all the operations including the cost of
scaffolding etc. Required for work.
4.7 POINTING ON RANDOM RUBBLE STONE MASONRY
In recessed pointing, the mortar shall be simply struck off with a trowel
and the work left showing the natural irregularities in line and surface
of the stones themselves. Other specification shall remain as above for
pointing.
In case of raised pointing, it shall project from the well facing with its
edges cut parallel so as to have a uniformly raised band about 6mm
raised and width 10mm or more as directed showing the natural
irregularities in line and surface of stones themselves. Other
specifications shall remain same as per above specifications of
'Pointing'.
4.8 PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on square metre basis of the surfaced pointed

with deductions for voids as per clause 1.7. The rate shall include cost
of all materials and labour involved in all the operations including the
cost of scaffolding etc. required for the work.
SPECIFICATION FOR
FLOORING
1. SCOPE
1.1 THIS SPECIFICATION COVERS THE FOLLOWING

DIFFERENT TYPES OF FLOORING BEING ENCOUNTERED
NORMALLY.
A. Ordinary cement concrete flooring with plain cement finish.

--- With granolothic (IS) finish or Indian
patent stone
B. Abrasion resistant flooring with ironite topping:--
C. Decorative flooring ---Terrazzo (mosaic) Tile flooring.

---Terrazo (mosaic) in situ flooring.
---Glazed tile flooring.
1.2 The materials and workmanship shall conform to the provisions of the
following codes and standard specifications in particular and with such
other standards as are mentioned here in after. IS : 269, 515, 653, 712,
809, 1077, 1195, 1196, 1197, 1198, 1237, 1344, 1443.
1.3 Flooring, especially in shop floors, may have to be done in

discontinuous strips or in areas to suit the needs of erection and
commissioning of equipment. Flooring shall be done in close co-
ordination with erection of equipment or other services and shall keep
pace with the demands in respect of commissioning of individual
equipment or plant units. No claims for extra shall be tenable for
reasons of discontinuity of work or delay in having areas available for
work.
2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1 CEMENT CONCRETE FLOORING
2.1.1 GENERAL
Flooring shall consist of a sub-base laid on the compacted earth or sand

fill as required, a base course laid on the sub-base and then a finishing
layer of concrete., Terrazzo or any other materials as specified to be
laid. The material for filling (Earth or Sand as specified in Drawings)
shall be brought from the source as approved by the Site-in-charge.
2.1.2 FILLING
All filling (Earth as well as Sand) shall be carried out as per

specification.
2.1.3 PREPARATION OF BED
The bed for Flooring shall be prepared either level or sloped as per
relevant drawings or as instructed by Site-in-charge. Care shall be
taken that there are no roots, Vegetation, foreign matter etc.
2.1.4 SUB-BASE
On the prepared bed as indicated above, boulder, or gravel or broken

bricks or sand or Cement Concrete (1 : 4 : 8 as per IS : 459) shall be
laid to thickness as specified in drawings . This layer shall be beaten
with rammers until thoroughly consolidated. All the materials used
shall conform to the required specifications. The materials proportion,
mixing, laying, curing etc. for cement concrete shall be carried out as
specified.
The finished work shall be of uniform depth over the whole floor with
surface even and parallel to the prepared bed as per drawing or as
directed by Engineer-in -Charge
(a) Boulders as Sub-base Course
Boulders shall be laid over the prepared bed as per general

specification and shall be of size 100 to 150mm and shall be of
approved quality. Boulders being used shall be free from decay,
weathering and stacked in such heaps in places as directed by
Site-in-charge.
The boulder course shall be packed closely and wedged with

hammer to obtain a close fit, rammed to a hard surface or rolled
by the Roller as directed by Site-in-charge. The course shall
receive a layer of lean cement mortar in case cement concrete
surface is to come over it.
b) Sand Layer
Sand for sand layer to be laid over the prepared bed shall be
clean, free from admixture and shall be as per specification.
Sand layer shall be spread in one or more layers to the thickness
as indicated in drawings or schedule of rates, watered and
rammed.
(c) Broken Brick Layer
Broken brickbats to be laid over prepared bed shall be made

from firsts class well burnt bricks, shall be 30 to 40mm in size
or as specified. The broken brick aggregate shall be laid in one
or more layers to the specified thickness and well consolidated.
2.1.5 PAYMENT
Payment for sub base course shall also be made on cubic metre basis of
gross volume.
2.2 BASE-COURSE
2.2.1 CEMENT-CONCRETE
It shall be of specified mix as indicated in drawing or schedule of rates

and shall generally conform to Specifications for Plain and Reinforced
Cement Concrete
2.2.2 PANELS
To prevent cracks the floor space shall be divided into square or

rectangular panels. The base course of specified thickness shall be laid
in alternate panels or any other pattern as approved by the Site-in-
charge. The panels shall be of uniform size not exceeding 4.OM in any
direction for a floor having thickness 40mm and above. Alternate
panels shall be laid on different days. The border shall have metered
joints at the corners of rooms or enclosures and intermediate joints
shall be in straight line with the panel joints.
2.2.3 SHUTTERING
The panels shall be bonded by wooden battens or flat iron having the
same depth as the concrete floor. These shall be fixed in position, with
their top at proper level, giving slope, where required. The surface of
battens or flats, to come in contact with concrete shall be smeared with
soap Solution or non-staining oil before concreting. The flooring shall
butt against masonry of wall, which shall not be plastered.
2.2.4 CONCRETING
Cement Concrete shall be placed in position with or without MS

reinforcements as shown in drawings and beaten with trowel and
finished smooth or left rough as directed by the Site-in-charge. Beating
shall cease as soon as surface is found covered with cream of mortar.
The surface shall be checked with the help of straight edge and made
true.
The shuttering shall be removed next day. Care shall be taken to see
that edges are not damaged and fresh mortar from adjacent panel is not
splashed over them. The joints between panels shall come out as fine
straight line.
MS reinforcement used for concrete base course shall conform to

relevant I.S. specifications as detailed in Drawings. Before placing of
these reinforcements they shall be cleared of scales with wire-brush
and oily stains removed.
2.2.5 PAYMENT
Base course shall be measured on cubic metre basis and the rate shall
include shuttering but exclude reinforcement unless otherwise
specified. Payment for MS reinforcement where used shall be made
under the item of MS reinforcement irrespective of the size of MS rods
used.
2.3 FLOORING FINISH -- PLAIN CEMENT FINISH
Finishing of the surfaces shall follow immediately after the completion

of base course. The surface shall be left for some time till the moisture
disappears from it. Use of dry cement or cement and sand mixture
sprinkled on the surface to stiffen the concrete or absorb excessive
moisture, shall not be permitted.
Cement at 2.2 Kg per square metre of flooring shall be mixed with

water to form thick slurry and spread over the surface, while the
concrete is still green.
It shall be pressed twice by mans of iron floats, once when the slurry is
applied and second time when cement starts setting.
The junction of floor with wall plaster, clods or skirting shall be

rounded or uniformly where so required upto 25mm radius or as
directed.
The men engaged on finishing operations shall be provided with raised

wooden platforms to sit on, so as to prevent damage to new work.
2.3.1 CURING
Each finished portion of floor, on completion, shall be Kept wet with

pounding or moist sand as per specifications. At no time, cement
concrete layer, plain or reinforced shall be allowed to dry during curing
time.
2.3.2 PRECAUTIONS
Flooring in water closets and baths shall be laid after fixing of WC

Pans (Indian type) and floor traps. Traps shall be plugged while laying
the floors and opened after the floor is cured.
2.3.3 PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on square metre basis. Rate shall include costs
of all materials, shuttering and labour involved in all the operations but
shall not include the cost of sub-base and base course-concrete under
the finishing layer.
3. GRANOLITHIC (IS) FLOORING
3.1 The requirements for filling, preparation of bed, sub-base course

concrete shall be same as in clause 2.0 above.
3.2 FINISHING LAYER
Granolithic finish of the thickness as indicated in drawings or as

specified in schedule of rates shall consist of 2 layers of M-15 grade
cement concrete.
The bottom layer of concrete shall be laid with 10mm to 6mm graded
aggregate and well compacted. Within 15 minutes of laying this course,
the top layer of 6 mm thickness shall be laid. The cement and aggregate
for top layer shall be mixed dry. After mixing, sufficient quantity of
washed sand and water shall be added to make the mix plastic but not
flowing. The mixture shall be laid on the under layer so that the two
layers firmly grip together. The top layer shall be well tamped, spaded,
trowelled and finished with a neat cement punning or with non-skid
finish as required. At the junction of adjoining panels a thin string shall
be given.
The casting of the granolithic finish layer shall be done in rectangular

or square panels not exceeding 1.8 M on any side, using wooden strips
of the height equal to the specified thickness of the floor finish.
Required slope in the floor shall be given in the base course concrete
without, reduction in thickness.
3.3 CURING
Curing shall be done as per CI.2.3.1.
3.4 PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on square metre basis. Rate shall include cost
of all materials, Shuttering and Labour involved in all the operations
but shall not include the cost of sub-base and Base Course Concrete
under the finishing layer.
4. RED OXIDE OF IRON TOPPING OVER CEMENT

CONCRETE FLOORING
4.1 The requirements of filling, preparation of bed, sub base and base
course concrete shall be same as in clause 2.0 above.
4.2 FINISHING LAYER
4.2.1 MORTAR
This shall consist of uniform and smooth layer of plaster of specified

thickness and of mix 1:3 unless otherwise specified, finished with a
floating coat of neat cement. The cement in both plaster and floating
coat shall be admixed in dry state with red oxide of iron of approved
quality and manufacturer, in the ratios as give in schedule of rates or as
necessary to get the tinge approved by Site-in-charge. The red oxide
shall be dry mixed thoroughly with the cement and then sand added
and mixed. The full quantity of dry mortar required far a mortar shall
then be prepared in the usual manner as and when required.
4.2.2 LAYING
The top plaster shall be laid a day after the base course concrete has
been laid. The plaster shall be done to a uniform thickness of 10mm or
as specified and finished smooth with floating coat (In floating coat 2.2
Kg. of cement per sq.m. of floor area shall be mixed with red oxide in
the same ratio as the cement to red oxide ratio used for the plaster).
The battens or flats used for shuttering of panels of base course

concrete shall be removed the next day after the laying of the finishing
top layer and broken edges repaired with same coloured mortar as in
plaster. The surface shall then be brought to fine polish by use of
polishing stones.
4.3 CURING
The curing shall be done for a minimum period of 7 days. Curing shall
not be commenced until the floor finish has hardened. Covering with
empty cement gunnies shall be avoided, as the scour is likely to be
blotched with the remnants of cement mortar sticking these bags.
4.4 PAYMENT
of all materials and labour involved in all the operations but shall not
include the cost of sub-base and base course concrete under the
finishing layer.
5. HARDENER TREATMENT TO CEMENT CONCRETE

FLOOR (IRONITE TOPPING)
5.1 The requirement for filling, preparation of bed, subbase and base
5.2 IRONIC TOPPING
5.2.1 MORTAR
Unless otherwise specified, one part of ironic and four parts of ordinary
Portland cement by weight shall be mixed dry thoroughly on a clean
and dry platform. This dry mixture shall be mixed with stone grit 6 mm
and down size in the ratio of 1:2 (1 ironic cement mixture: 2 stone grit)
by volume or as otherwise specified and well mixed over. Just enough
water shall then be added to this dry mix for laying.
5.2.2 LAYING
The mixture so obtained shall be laid in 13 mm thickness or as

specified in drawings or schedule of rates on cement concrete base
course within 2 to 4 hours of latter's laying. The topping shall be laid
true to line and level to provide a uniform and even surface. It shall be
firmly pressed into bottom concrete so as to have a good bond with it.
After the starting of initial setting the surface shall be finished smooth
and true with steel floats. The laying as usual shall be done In
rectangular or square panels not exceeding 1.8 m on any side, using
wooden strips of height equal to the specified thickness of the floor
finish.
5.2.3 CURING
Curing shall be the same as described in clause 4.3.
5.2.4 PAYMENT
Same as given in clause 4.4.
6. HARDENER TREATMENT TO CEMENT CONCRETE

FLOOR (HARDONATE OR EQUIVALENT TOPPING)
6.1 The requirements for filling, preparation of bed, sub-base course
concrete shall be same as in clause 2.0 above.
6.2 HARDONATE TOPPING
6.2.1 MORTAR
Unless otherwise specified hardonate and ordinary Portland cement in

the ratio of 1:4 (1 Hardonate : 4 Cement) by weight or as specified by
approved manufacturer shall be mixed thoroughly in dry state on clean,
dry platform, and then stone grit of 6 mm and down size in the ratio of
1: 2 (1 cement Hardonate mixture : 2 grit ) by volume shall be added
and mixed. Water should then be added in the usual manner.
In place of hardonate, any other equivalent hardener viz. Ferrosite or

steel lock shall be mixed with concrete as per manufacturer,
specification and laid to give on abrasion resistant floor.
6.2.2 LAYING
The topping shall then be laid over the wet base course concrete and
finished in the same manner as in sub-para 5.2.2.
6.2.3 OTHER REQUIREMENTS
The specifications for curing and payment shall be the same as

described in clause 4.3 and 4.4 above.
7. TERRAZZO (MOSAIC) TILE FLOORING
7.1 The requirements for filling, preparation of bed, sub-base and base
Base course concrete on which the tiles are to be laid shall be cleaned,
wetted and mopped.
7.3 TERRAZZO (MOSAIC) TILE
The tiles shall be approximately 20 mm. thick of approved shade,

colour and chips. The tiles shall be pressure made conforming in all
respect to IS : 1237. The tiles should have 8 mm thick mosaic chips
prior to polishing and cutting. The finish thickness shall be 6 mm. The
tiles should have marking at the bottom.
7.3.1 LAYING
The bedding for the tiles shall be with either lime Mortar 1:2 (1 lime
putty: 2 coarse sand) or cement mortar mix as directed by Site-in-
charge. Lime or cement mortar setting shall be spread, tamped and
corrected to proper levels and allowed to harden for a day before the
tiles are set.
Over this bedding neat cement slurry of honey like consistency shall be
spread at the rate of 44 kg. Of cement per square metre. Tiles shall be
soaked in water for 20 minutes and allowed to drain out for 20 minutes
before laying. Tiles shall be damp but not wet when they are laid. Tile
shall be laid in the mortar bedding from centre to outwards to obtain a
symmetrical pattern, each tile being gently tapped with wooden mallet
till it is properly bedded and is in level with adjoining tiles. The surface
of the flooring during laying shall be frequently checked with a straight
edge at least 2m long, so as to obtain true surface with required slope.
Fractional tiles shall be used where full tiles cannot be used in the extra
space. When extra space left out is less than 25 mm, it shall be filled
with coloured Mortar and finished to match tiled floor.
7.3.2 JOINTS
The joints shall be uniform and as thin as possible and run in straight
lines or to suit the required pattern. Where full size tiles cannot be
fixed, these shall be cut to the required size and their edges rubbed
smooth to ensure straight and true joints.
Tiles that are fixed on the floor adjoining the wall shall enter not less
than 13 mm under the plaster, skirting or dado. The junction between
wall plaster and tiled work shall be finished neatly and without waving.
After the tiles have been laid surplus cement grout that may have come
and of the joints shall be cleaned off.
7.3.3 CURING, POLISHING AND FINISHING
The day after the tiles are laid, all joints shall be cleaned with wire
brush to the depth of 5mm. And all dust and loose-mortar removed.
Joints shall then be grouted with grey or white cement mixed with or
without pigment to match the shade of the topping of the wearing-layer
of the tiles. Pigment shall conform to IS :459.
The floor shall then be kept wet for a minimum period of 7 days. The
surface shall there after be ground evenly to the satisfaction of Site-in-
charge with machine grinders in 3 phases with grade stones from
coarse to fine grade. The surface shall receive a wash of neat cement
mixed with or without pigment and cured before every grinding
operation.
After final polish, surface shall be cleaned and oxalic acid shall be
dusted over the surface wiped and dried with soft cloth. Finally the
finished Terrazzo surface is to be rendered with the wax mixed with
turpentine or similar approved material. The surface after polishing
shall present a glossy appearance. Where machine polishing cannot be
done, because of small areas, the surface shall be hand polished. In all
other respects the process shall be similar as per machine polishing.
7.4 PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on square metre basis of the finished work. The
rate shall include the cost of all material, labour involved in all the
operations described above.
8 TERRAZZO (MOSAIC) IN-SITU FLOORING
8.1 The requirements for fittings. Preparation of bed, sub-base and base
Terrazzo works shall be carried out by trained worker.
8.2 MATERIAL
Best quality marble chips of uniform tint and colour, 6mm maximum
and 3mm mini mum size, as approved by Engineer-in -Charge shall be
used. They shall be machine crushed free from foreign matters and of
approved quality.
8.2.1 PREPARATION OF SURFACE & LYING OVER BASE

COURSE CONCRETE
Total thickness of cast-in situ terrazzo shall be atleast 40 mm unless

otherwise indicated in drawings or schedule of rates. This shall be in
two layers, bottom layer 30 mm thick of M-15 concrete bedding with
10mm down aggregate of specified thickness and the top layer 10 mm
thickness, consisting of a mix of cement and marble chips in the
proportion of 1 :1/2 :2 (1 Cement : 1/2 marble Power : 2 Marble
Chips). The bottom layer shall be laid in bay not exceeding 1.2m on
either side and levelled 10mm below the finished floor level.
The cement and marble chips including powder shall be mixed dry.
Water shall then be added gradually after thorough mixing until the
mix become plastic but not flowing.
Within one hour of laying of the bottom layer of cement mortar, the
upper layer of marble chips and cement shall be laid over a coat of
cement slurry and the surface tamped lightly and finished to the
required level and slope.
While the mortar is still plastic, glass dividing strips 35 mm wide x

4.0mm thick shall be fixed on the base course concrete with proper
anchoring features to allow top edge to be flush with the finished floor.
The strip shall be laid forming panels not exceeding 1.2 mm X 1.2m
size.
8.2.2 CURING, POLISHING AND FINISHING
After two hours of laying, the surface shall be covered with wet bags
and left undisturbed for six days and then the surface shall be ground
with carborandum stones of different grades starting with coarse one
and successively with finer one, by machine/hand cutting and the
rubbing continued until the entire surface shows uniform appearance.
Finally, oxalic acid powder shall be well rubbed on the surface with
pieces of felt with a few drops of water and this operation shall be
repeated until the surface becomes smooth and glossy.
8.2.3 MOSAIC FINISHED DADO OR SKIRTING
For Skirting and Dado the brick work or concrete surface shall be
raked or hacked as the case may be and shall be well watered. A
dubbing coat of cement mortar 1: 3 (1 Cement: 3 sand) of specified
thickness shall be applied so as to bring the surface in line with the
plastered surface. The surface shall be scarified by lines with trowel so
as to receive the top layer of cement and marble chips in proportion of
1 : 1/2 : 2 (1 cement : 1/2 Marble powder : 2 Marble chips ) of 7mm
thickness with 3.5 mm size chips and shall be laid, polished etc. as
described above for flooring including glass dividing strips ( 20 mm x
4 mm) @ 600mm c/c or as specified in schedule of rates.
8.2.4 PAYMENT
rate shall include the cost of all material and labour involved in all the
9. GLAZED TILE FLOORING
9.1 The requirements for filling, preparation of bed, sub-base and base
9.2 WHITE/COLOURED GLAZED TILES
Tiles shall conform to IS : 777 in all respects and shall be of approved

quality and make.
These shall be flat, true to shape and of uniform shade. These shall also
be free from cracks, spots, chipped edges and corners. Thickness of
tiles shall be 10mm, unless otherwise specifically mentioned in
drawings or schedule of rate.
All glazed tiles will be immersed in water for atleast 12 hrs prior to
use.
9.2.1 PREPARATION OF SURFACE AND LAYING
Base course concrete or R.C.C. slab on which tiles are to be laid shall
be well cleaned, wetted and mopped. The bedding for the tiles shall be
with cement mortar 1 :3 or as specified. The average thickness of the
bedding shall be 12mm while minimum under any portion of tile shall
be not less than 10mm.
Mortar shall be spread, tamped and corrected to proper levels and

allowed to harden sufficiently to offer a fairly rigid cushion for the tiles
to be set and also to enable the mason to place wooden plank across
and to sit on it for the work.
Over this mortar bedding neat grey cement slurry of honey like
consistency shall be spread, at the rate of 3.3 Kg per square metre, over
an area such that approximately 20 tiles can be accommodated. Tiles
being gently tapped with a wooden mallet till it is properly bedded in
level with adjoining tiles.
9.2.2 JOINTS
Specification shall be same as in 7.3.2.
9.2.3 CURING, POINTING AND FINISHING
The Joints shall be cleaned of the grey cement grout with a wire brush
or trowel to a depth of 5mm and all dust and loose mortar removed.
Joints shall then be flush pointed with white cement.
Flooring shall be kept wet for 7 days. The tiled surface shall then be
finished with a 3% solution of oxalic acid, duly waxed and polished as
directed by Site-in-charge.
9.2.4 PAYMENT
rate shall include the cost of all material, labour involved in all the
10 PVC TILE FLOORING

10.1 The requirement for filling, preparation of bed, sub-base and base
10.2 MATERIALS
PVC (Poly Vinyl chloride) tiles shall be 3mm thick. These shall be of
approved make conforming to IS : 3461 or 3462 as shown in the
drawing.
10.3 LAYING
10.3.1 The bedding for the tiles shall be M- 15 grade cement concrete
flooring. The thickness of flooring shall be 25mm. The cement
concrete floor shall be well cured and thoroughly dried and shall be
cleaned well.
A coat of approved base binding agent shall be applied evenly over the
bedding. The tiles shall be sufficiently dried before fixing to the floor.
The tiles shall be joined with binding pressure until it adheres well to
the bed material. In case the binding agent raises from the joints it shall
be removed. The tile floor shall be cleaned with the tile finish wax and
polished with the muslin cloth. The binding material shall be of
approved manufacturer.
10.3.2 The pattern and colour arrangement for the flooring shall be as
indicated on the drawing or as approved by Engineer - in- Charge. The
Contractor shall assume full responsibility for any failures and defects
in tile finish work.
10.3.3 The tiles shall be laid in accordance with approved manufacturer's

directions.
10.3.4 All flooring shall be thoroughly cleaned to full satisfaction of the Site-
in-charge.
10.3.5 The tiles shall be inspected after 30 days and the adjustment, repairs or
replacement of any tile showing loose edges, breaks, chipped corners,
cracks, discoloration or similar defects shall be done by the Contractor
at his own cost. Any replaced tile shall be of the same kind, colour,
size and finish.
10.4 PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on square metre basis of the finished work of

flooring, dado and skirting. The rate shall include the cost of all
materials and labour involved in all the operations described above.
11 PRECAST FLOORING
11.1 Precast RC floor panels of approximately 1.0 x 1.0M shall be cast true
to dimensions as shown on drawing. The concrete grade shall be as
specified on the drawing. The top surface of the precast slabs shall be
finished rough and hardened with sodium silicate solution. The sodium
silicate solution shall be diluted with four times its volume of water,
well stirred and sprayed over the surface with a watering can and
brushed evenly with a soft broom. The solution shall be applied in
three coats, each coat shall be allowed to dry for 24 hours before the
next coat is applied. Each coat shall be scrubbed with water after it has
hardened for a better condition for the application of succeeding coats.
The surface of concrete to be treated shall be thoroughly cleaned of any
grease or dirt and dried after completion of the curing period before the
solution is applied. The floor panels shall be laid over a compact layer
of and cushion and keyed together. The joint between two panels shall
be filled with bitumen sealing compound.
11.2 PAYMENT
Payment shall be made based on Cubic content of precast slabs. The

rate quoted shall include cost of formwork, finishing as specified,
curing, handling and placing in final positions, bitumen sealing,
preparation of casting and storage yard etc. inclusive of all labour and
materials. Reinforcements shall be paid separately.
12. BRICK PAVING
12.1 For brick Soling only well burnt or slightly over burnt 2nd class bricks
conforming to specification shall be used. Soling shall be laid on flat or
on edge as shown on drawing. The laying shall be done in a
workmanlike manner starting from one end of the area and staggering
the joints and using cutbricks as and when necessary. The joints shall
be properly blended with sand of approved quality or cement pointed
as per specification or direction of Site-in-charge.
12.2 PAYMENT
Payment for brick soling shall be made on square metre basis. Rates
quoted shall include all labour, material and watering if necessary or as
directed by Site-in-charge at site.
13. KOTA STONE FLOORING
13.1 STONE SLABS

The slabs shall be of selected quality, hard, sound dense and
homogenous in texture, free from cracks, decay, weathering and flaws.
They shall be hand or machine cut to the requisite thickness varying
from 25 mm to 40 mm or as specified in schedule of rates and they
shall be of uniform colour.
The slabs shall have the top (exposed) face polished before being
brought to site. Before starting the work, Contractor shall get the
samples of slabs approved by the Site-in-charge.
13.2 DRESSING OF SLABS
Every slab shall be cut to the required size and shape and fine chisel
dressed on the sides to the full depth so that a straight edge laid along
the side of the stone shall be in full contact with it. The sides (edges)
shall be table rubbed with coarse sand or machine rubbed before
paving. All angles and edges of the slabs shall be true, square and free
from chippings and the surface shall be true and plane. For staircase
treads, single piece slab to full length and width of treads shall be
provided. The nosing shall be rounded off and two parallel grooves ten
by ten (10 mm x 10 mm) immediately behind the nosing edge shall be
provided as per drawing to avoid skidding.
13.3 PREPARATION OF SURFACE AND LAYING
Sub-grade concrete or the RCC slab on which the slabs are to be laid
shall be cleaned, wetted and mopped. The bedding for the slabs shall
be with cement mortar 1 : 3 ( 1 Cement :3 Coarse Sand ) the average
thickness of the bedding mortar under the slab shall not be less than
twelve (12) mm.
The slabs shall be laid in the following manner:
Mortar of the specified mix shall be spread under the area of each slab,
roughly to the average thickness specified in the item. The slab shall be
washed & cleaned before laying. It shall be laid on top, pressed, tapped
with wooden mallet and brought to level with the adjoining slabs. It
shall be lifted and laid aside. The top surface of the mortar shall then
be corrected by adding fresh mortar at hollows. The mortar is allowed
to harden a bit and cement Slurry of honey like consistency shall be
spread over the same at the rate of 4.4 kg of cement per sqm. The slab
to be laid shall be lowered gently back in position, bedded in level.
Subsequent slabs shall be laid in the same manner and joints between
adjacent slabs shall be as thin as possible and run in straight line. After
each slab has been laid, surplus cement grout coming out of the joints
of the slabs shall be cleaned off. The surface of the flooring as laid
shall be true to levels, lines and shapes as instructed by the Site-in-
charge.
The slabs shall be matched as shown in drawings or as instructed by
the Site-in-charge.
Slabs that are fixed in the floor adjoining the wall shall enter not less
than twelve-(12) mm. under the plaster skirting or dado. The junction
between wall plaster and the floor shall be finished neatly and with out
waviness.
13.4 CURING, POLISHING AND FINISHING
The floor shall be kept wet for a minimum period of seven (7) days.
The surface shall there after be ground evenly with machine fitted with
fine grade grit blocks (No. 120). The final grinding with machine fitted
with the finest grade grit blocks (N0. 320) shall be carried out the day
after the first grinding described above or before handing over the
floor, as ordered by the Site-in-charge.
For small areas or where circumstances so require, hand polishing may

be permitted in lieu of machine polishing after laying. For hand
polishing the following carborundum stones, shall be used.
Ist grinding -- Medium grade stone (N0.8)
Final Grinding -- Fine Grade (N0. 120)
In all other respects, the process shall be similar as for machine

polishing.
After the final polish, oxalic acid shall be dusted over the surface at the
rates of thirty-three (33) gms per square metre sprinkled with water and
rubbed hard with pad of wooden rags. The following day the floor shall
be wiped with a moist rag and dried with a soft cloth and finished
clean.
If any slab is disturbed or damaged, it shall be refitted or replaced,

properly jointed and polished. The finished floor shall not sound
hollow when tapped with wooden mallet.
13.5 PAYMENT
The stone flooring shall be measured in square metre (M2). Length and
breadth shall be measured between the finished faces of skirting, dado
or wall plasters as the case may be, correct to a cm. No deduction shall
be made upto 0.050 sq.m. No extra shall be paid for laying the floor at
different levels in the same room. Steps and treads of stairs paved with
stone slabs also be measured under the item of "Stone Flooring. The
rate shall include the cost of all materials and labour involved in the
SPECIFICATION FOR
WHITE WASHING AND PAINTING
1. WHITE WASHING
PREPARATION OF SURFACE
Surface shall be thoroughly cleaned of all dust, dirt, mortar drops and
loose plaster. All holes shall be filled with gypsum and surfaces made
even and smooth.
SCAFFOLDING
Wherever Scaffolding is necessary, it shall be erected on double

supports tied together by horizontal pieces, over which Scaffolding
planks shall be fixed. No balies, bamboos or planks shall rest on or
touch surface that is being white washed.
Where ladders are used, pieces of old gunny bag shall be tied on their
tops to avoid damage or scratches to walls.
For white washing the ceiling, proper stage scaffolding shall be

erected.
PREPARATION OF LIME WASH
The wash shall be prepared from fresh and pure fat lime. It shall be
thoroughly slaked, mixed and stirred with sufficient water to attain a
consistency of thin cream. This shall be allowed to stand for a period of
24 hours and then shall be screened. The approximate quantity of water
to be added to pure fat lime for making the cream shall be 5 litres to 1
Kg of lime. Clean gum at the rate of 0.5 kg to 100 kg of cream,
dissolved in hot water and ultramarine blue of approved quality and
quantity as directed by Site-in-charge, shall be added and thoroughly
mixed.
APPLICATION
The wash shall be applied with moonj brushes. Three number of coats
or as specified shall be applied. One coat means painting the surface
first with vertical stroke, followed by horizontal stroke. Each coat shall
be allowed to dry before next one is applied. Further each coat shall be
inspected and approved by the Site-in-charge before the subsequent
coat is applied.
The finished dry surface shall be of even shade, without any brush
marks and shall not show any sign of cracking and peeling nor shall it
come off readily on the hand when rubbed.
PROTECTIVE MEASURES
Doors, windows, floors. etc. and such other parts of building shall be
protected from being splashed upon. Splashing and dropping if any,
shall be removed by the Contractor at his own cost and the surfaces
cleaned.
PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on Square Metre basis and rate shall include
cost of all material, Scaffolding and labour involved in all the
operations. Voids shall be measured as per clause for plastering given
under specification.
2. COLOUR WASHING
PREPARATION
The wash shall be prepared by adding required quantity of colouring

pigment to the lime wash as prepared for white wash. No ultramarine
blue shall be added in this case. Mineral colours not affected by lime
only shall be added to white wash. No colour wash shall be done until
a sample of colour wash prepared to the required tint or shade has been
approved by Site-in-charge.
APPLICATION
The surface to be colour washed shall be first treated with a priming

coat of white wash. Minimum three coats of colour wash shall be
applied and the colour shall be of even tint or shade over the whole
surface.
The finished dry surface shall not be powdery and shall not come off
on the hand when rubbed.
All other specification and mode of measurement & payment for white
washing shall be applicable.
3. DISTEMPERING
TYPE
Distempering shall be of the oil or water bound type as specified.

MATERIAL
Dry distemper or oil bound washable distemper of approved brand and

manufacture for water bound and oil bound respectively conforming to
IS:428 shall be used. The proportions of the mix shall be as per the
approved manufacturer's instructions.
The dry distemper shall be stirred slowly in clean warm water using 0.6
litre of water per kg. of distemper or as specified by the approved
makers. The mixture shall be well stirred before and during use to
maintain an even consistency.
Thinner as stipulated by approved manufacturer shall be used in case of

distemper for oil bound type.
Dry distemper shall not be mixed in larger quantity than is actually

required for one day's work.
PREPARATION OF SURFACE & PRIMING COAT
The surface shall be thoroughly brushed free from mortar dropping and
other foreign matter and sand papered smooth.
A priming coat of whiting shall be applied over the prepared surface in

case of water-bound distempering and distemper primer or cement
primer shall be applied in the case of oil bound distemper. No white
washing coat shall be used as a priming coat for distemper.
APPLICATION
After the primer coat has dried for at least 48 hours, the entire surface
shall be coated uniformly with proper distemper brushes in horizontal
strokes, immediately followed by vertical ones which together shall
constitute one coat.
Subsequent coats shall be applied in the same way and only after the
previous coat has dried.
The finished surface shall be even and uniform and shall show no
brush marks.
After each day's work, the brushes shall be washed in hot water and
hung down to dry. Old brush that is dirty or caked with distemper shall
not be used.
PAYMENT
The payment shall be based on per square metre of finished area and
shall include cost of all materials and labour involved in all the
operation. Voids shall be measured as per clause given under
specification for plastering.
4. DECORATIVE FINISH CEMENT PAINT
SURFACE PREPARATION
Plastered surface shall be thoroughly cleaned of dust, grease, oil marks

etc. before the coat is applied. All the holes and depressions should be
filled with gypsum prior to application of the paint. The surface shall
be wetted with clean water before paint is applied.
PREPARATION OF MIX & APPLICATION
Any approved cement paint shall be mixed in such quantities as can be

used up within an hour of its mixing. The solution shall be applied on
the prepared surface with good quality brushes and no brush mark shall
be visible on the finished work.
PAYMENT
of all material and labour involved in all the operations. Voids shall be
measured as per clause given under specification of plastering.
5. PAINTING
MATERIAL
Paints. oils, varnishes etc. of approved brand and manufacturer shall be

used. Readymixed paints as received from approved manufacture
without any admixture shall be used.
Wherever thinning is necessary, the brand of thinner recommended by

approved manufacturer or as instructed by Site-in-charge shall be used.
Paints, oils, varnishes thinners etc. shall be brought to the site in their
original containers in sealed condition and shall be kept in the joint
custody of contractor and Site-in-charge.
COMMENCEMENT OF WORK
Painting except priming coat shall generally be taken in hand after all
other building work is practically finished. Approval of Site-in-charge
shall be sought before commencing the work.
The surface shall be thoroughly cleaned. All dirt, dust, scales and
grease shall be removed before painting is started. The surface shall be
perfectly dry to permit good absorption. The prepared surface shall
receive approval from Site-in-charge for commencing the painting
work.
Specially for wood surfaces knots, if visible, shall be covered with red
lead conforming to IS: 103. Holes and indentation on the surface shall
be filled with good putty and rubbed smooth. Surface should be
thoroughly dry.
APPLICATION
Paint shall be thoroughly stirred in the container when pouring into

smaller containers for use. It shall be continuously stirred while applied
on the surfaces.
The paint shall be applied evenly and smoothly in the direction of

grains of wood and perpendicular to it. Each coat shall be allowed to
dry before the next coat is applied. Each coat shall be lightly rubbed
down with sand paper and cleaned of dust before the next coat is laid.
No left over paint shall be put back into stock tins.
The finished surface shall be free from hair or brush marks, clogging of
paint, puddles in the corners of panels angles of moulding etc.
PAYMENT
Painting unless otherwise mentioned shall be measured on area basis in

square metre. Deductions shall be done as specified in specification for
plastering.
PAINTING WITH WOOD PRESERVATIVE
MATERIAL
Oil type wood preservative of specified quality and approved make

conforming to IS: 218 shall be used.
Painting shall be done after the surface to be painted is made free from
dirt, dust and foreign matter and all rough spots, sand papered and
cleaned. The surface must be perfectly dry before painting is
commenced.
APPLICATION
The preservative shall be applied liberally with a stout brush. It shall be
applied with pencil brush at the joints of woodwork. The first coat
shall be allowed at least 24 hours to soak in before the second coat is
applied. The excess of preservative, which does not soak into the
wood, shall be wiped off with a clean dry piece of cloth.
PAYMENT
Painting unless other wise mentioned shall be measured on area basis

in square metre. Rate shall include cost of all materials & labour
involved in all the operations. Deductions for openings shall be
measured as per clause given under specification for plastering.
6. PAINTING WITH SYNTHETIC ENAMEL PAINT
MATERIAL
Synthetic enamel paint of approved brand and manufacture and of

required shade shall be used for the top coat only. The paint for under
coat shall be of shade to match the top coat, as recommended by
approved manufacturer.
The surface shall be thoroughly cleaned. All dirt, dust scales and grease
shall be removed before painting is started. The surface shall be
perfectly dry to permit good absorption. The prepared surface shall
receive approval from Site-in-charge for commencing the painting
work.
Holes and indentation on the surface shall be filled with wood putty
and rubbed smooth. Surface should be thoroughly dry.
APPLICATION
UNDER COAT
One coat of the specified paint of shade matching with the shade of the
top coat shall be applied and allowed to dry overnight. It shall be
rubbed next day with the finest grade of wet abrasive paper to ensure
smooth and even surface, free from brush marks and all loose particles
dusted off.
TOP COAT
Top coats of specified (Synthetic enamel) paint in the desired shade be

applied after the under coat is thoroughly dried. Additional finishing
coat shall be applied if found necessary to ensure a properly uniform
glossy surface.
PAYMENT
Painting unless otherwise mentioned shall be measured by area in

square metre. Rate shall include cost of all materials and labour
involved in all the above operations. Deduction for openings shall be as
per clause given under specification of plastering.
7. WALL PAINTING WITH PLASTIC EMULSION PAINT
GENERAL
Plastic emulsion paints of approved quality and shade are to be used

generally on masonry or plastered surface only. No priming coat is
required for the latter.
The surface shall be thoroughly cleaned off dust, old white or colour
wash by washing and scrubbing. The surface shall then be allowed to
dry for at least 48 hours. It shall then be sand papered to give a smooth
and even surface. Any unevenness shall be made good by applying
putty, made of plaster of paris with water on the entire surface
including filling up the undulation and then sand papering the same
after it is dry.
APPLICATION
The number of coats shall be as stipulated in the item. The paint shall
be applied in the usual manner with brush or roller over the prepared
surface.
As soon as water has evaporated, the film gets hard and the next coat
can be applied then. The time of drying varies from one hour on
absorbent surfaces to 2 to 3 hours on non-absorbent surfaces.
The thinning of the emulsion is to be done with water and not with
turpentine. Thinning with water will be particularly required for the
under coat which is applied on the absorbent surface. The quantity of
thinner to be added shall be as per approved manufacturer instructions.
The surface on finishing shall present a flat velvety smooth finish. If

necessary more coats will be applied till the surface presents a uniform
appearance.
PRECAUTIONS
Old brushes if they are to be used with Emulsion paints, should be

completely dried of turpentine or oil paints by washing in warm soap
water.
Brushes should be quickly washed in water immediately after use and
kept immersed in water during break periods to prevent the paint from
hardening on the brush.
No oil base putties shall be used in filling cracks, holes etc.
Splashes on floors etc. shall be cleaned out without delay, as they will
be difficult to remove after hardening.
Washing of surfaces treated with Emulsion paints shall not be done

within 3 to 4 weeks of application.
PAYMENT
Painting, unless otherwise mentioned shall be measured by area in

square metre. Rate shall include cost of all materials and labour
involved in all the above operation. Deduction for openings shall be
8. VARNISHING
MATERIAL
Varnish for the finishing coat shall be of superior quality as stipulated

in the item and for the under coat it should be flatting Varnish of the
same approved manufacture.
New woodwork to be varnished shall have been finished smooth with a

carpenter's plane. Knots shall be cut to a slight depth. Cracks and holes
shall be cleaned of dust. The Knots, cracks etc. shall then be filled with
approved wood putty. The surface shall then be rubbed down perfectly
smooth with medium and fine grained sand papers and wiped with dry
clean cloth to present a uniform appearance.
Sizing or transparent wood filler application as stipulated in the item

shall then be given with brush or rag and dried. Finally it shall be
rubbed with fine sand or emery paper. The object of application of this
coat is to seal the pores in wood to prevent absorption of oil in the
varnish.
APPLICATION OF VARNISH
The number of coats shall be as stipulated in the item. The under coat
shall be given with a flatting varnish. This dries hard and brittle and
when rubbed down produces a smooth surface and enhances the gloss
of the finishing varnish.
The top coat shall be given with approved brand of finishing varnish.
The varnish shall be applied liberally with a full brush and spread
evenly with short light strokes to avoid frothing.
Rubbing down with fine sand paper and flatting the surface shall be
done after each coat except the final coat.
The work shall be allowed to dry away from damp air. Finished surface
shall then present a uniform appearance and a fine glossy free from
streaks, blisters etc.
Special fine haired varnishing brushes shall be used only, ordinary

paint brushes shall not be used.
PAYMENT
Varnishing unless otherwise mentioned shall be measured by area in

square meter. The rate shall include cost of all materials & labour
involved in all the above operations. Deductions for openings shall be
9. COAL TARRING
MATERIAL
Coal tar of approved quality and manufacture shall be used. The tar
with the addition of 0.2kg of unslaked lime per litre shall be heated till
it begins to boil. Then the heating will be stopped and kerosene oil
added to it slowly at the rate of 1 part of kerosene oil to 6 or more parts
of tar by volume and stirred thoroughly. The addition of lime is for
preventing the tar from running.
The surface shall be thoroughly cleaned and dusted. All dust, dirt,
scales, smoke and grease shall be thoroughly cleaned before painting is
started. Where form work is to be painted it shall be free from scales
and rust. The prepared surface shall be approved by Site-in-charge
before the painting is commenced.
APPLICATION
The mixture shall be applied as hot as possible with brush. Where

unable, the article to be tarred shall be dipped on fine hot mixture for
better results. The quantity of Tar to be used for the first or second coat
shall not be less than 0.16 and 0.12 litre per Sqm respectively.
Thinning with kerosene oil shall be suitably done to ensure this.
Second coat shall be applied only after the first coat has thoroughly
dried up.
PAYMENT
Coal tarring, unless otherwise mentioned shall be measured by area in

square metre. Rate shall include cost of all material & labour involved
in all the operations.
SPECIFICATION FOR
STEEL/ALUMINIUM DOORS AND WINDOWS
1. STEEL DOORS, STEEL WINDOWS AND

VENTILATORS, LOUVERS:
1.1 MATERIAL
All steel Doors, Windows and Fixing & Glazing of Metal Ventilators
shall conform to IS : 1038, IS : 1361, IS : 1081 or Equivalent as
mentioned in specification and on drawings and as approved by the
Site-in Charge.
The minimum thickness of glass, if required to be provided shall be 4

mm, and 5.5 mm. If wired glass/toughened glass/laminated glass is
required, it shall be free from flaws, specks, bubbles etc. All panes
shall have perfectly squared corners and straight edges. Wood screws
MS Bolts, nuts, screws, washers Peg stays and other fittings shall be
treated for corrosion as recommended by relevant Indian Standards.
Putty for glazing shall conform to IS : 420
1.2 WORKMANSHIP
Doors, Windows and Ventilators etc. Shall be truly square and flat, free
from twist and warp. They shall be constructed of sections, which have
been cut to the required lengths, riveted or welded at the corners. The
general fabrication shall conform to IS : 1038 & 1361.
If the Contractor is required to supply Doors, Windows, Ventilators

etc., he shall obtain them from an approved manufacturer. The
Contractor shall first submit for the approval of the Site-in-charge, the
name and address of the manufacturer whose metal casement he
intends to use, together with typical drawings and specifications
describing the details of construction for each type of Door/Window.
The doors, Window and Ventilators shall be painted as indicated in

drawing or schedule. All steel surfaces shall first be thoroughly cleaned
free of rusts, scale or dirt and mill scale by pickling or similar process
and they shall be painted with one coat of approved zinc chromate red
oxide primer before despatch.
1.3 GLAZING
All glazing shall be as per IS :1081. Window and ventilators shall be

designed for solid drawn steel bedding, glazing fixed from outside.
Where Doors are to be glazed, they shall be designed for glazing from
inside. All window casements shall have holes drilled in frames and
shutters respectively at suitable places for inserting spring type glazing
clips which shall be supplied by the contractor. Glass panes shall not
be fixed directly against the metal. A thin layer of putty shall be evenly
spread and the glass pressed firmly against it.
FIXING
Doors, Windows and ventilators shall not be built in at the time the
walls are constructed but shall be fixed into prepared openings, as laid
down in the code. Holes for fixing lugs are to be left or cut out, and the
door/window fixed after all the rough masonry and plasterworks have
been finalised. The MS lugs shall be jammed in cement concrete (M-
15) grade in proper position, line and level.
The width of the clear unfinished opening in the wall should be about
25mm. More than the overall width of the frame to facilitate erection.
The height of unfinished opening shall depend on whether threshold is
required or not.
FITTINGS
Hardware shall be fixed as late as possible, preferably before the final

coat is applied. They shall be fixed in a workmanlike manner. It shall
be tested for correct operation.
All materials shall confirm to relevant IS specification
2. MS ROLLING SHUTTER
It shall be of approved make, made out of 18G 75 mm. black lath,

either mechanically operated from both inside and outside by gear type
mechanism or manually operated as specified. It shall be fitted with
two self aligning ball bearing with locking arrangement including G.I
housing, hooks, MS pressed side guides and bottom rails brackets, door
suspension shafts and top rolling springs pressed etc. complete.
PAYMENT:
Payment for steel doors/windows and rolling shutters shall be made on

sq.m basis of the opening of the wall. The rate shall include supplying
and fixing and painting etc, all complete.
3. ALUMINIUM DOORS / WINDOWS

Anodized aluminium doors shall be of approved make and shall be of
size and design as per relevent drawings.
All frames shall be manufactured from aluminium alloy conforming to

IE :HE 9 WP. The door frames and shutter shall be single action or
double action as indicated in drawing.
The glazing shall be 5.5 mm th. toughened glass fixed with necessary
gaskets and aluminium beading at the strip. The door shall be provided
with one security lock. The shutters shall be provided with anodised
aluminium door handles. The average thickness of anodic coating shall
not be less than 15 microns (IS:1948).
PAYMENT
Payment shall be made on sq.m basis of finished work. The rate shall
include providing all necessary materials, fittings, fixtures fixing in
position, breaking concrete or brick masonry walls to receive frames
and hinges etc. and making good the same.

6 Specification For Civil and Structural Works

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6 Specification For Civil and Structural Works

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SPECIFICATION

1. The method of measurement shall be as per latest revision of

2. Providing and operating necessary measuring and testing

3. All materials shall be of standard quality, manufactured by

4. Wherever referred to in this tender document, only the latest

5. Wherever the contractor executes civil and structural works

a) Marking of centre lines of foundations.

Water used for cement concrete, mortar, plaster, grout, curing or

Aggregates shall be obtained from a source known to produce these

Coarse aggregate is aggregate most of which is retained on 4.75 mm IS

Fine aggregate is aggregate most of which passes through 4.75 mm IS

3.0 SAND FOR FILLING

The cement used shall be ordinary Portland cement conforming to

RECEIPT AND STORAGE OF CEMENT BAGS

It must be ensured that the cement being received at site is as fresh as

Bags should not be wet /partially or fully set.

The cement shall be stored as per IS :4082-1977. Relevant excerpts of

At least 60 cm space should be kept between walls and stacks.

Cement bags should be stacked close so as to avoid air circulation to

Cement of different types and brands shall be kept in separate stacks to

All reinforcement and structural steel shall conform to the following:

5.1 REINFORCEMENT STEEL

- IS : 1139 Hot rolled deformed bars

5.2 STRUCTURAL STEEL

5.3 OTHER BARS AND SECTIONS:

Any other type of reinforcement bars and structural sections specified

The reinforcement and structural steel shall be stored in such a way as

Bricks shall conform to IS:1077 with a minimum compressive strength

6.1 50A CLASS BRICKS

The bricks shall be of fine, compact homogenous texture and emit a

6.2 50-B CLASS BRICKS

These shall conform to specifications for 50 A class bricks except that

6.3 LOCALLY AVAILABLE BRICKS

6.4 TILE BRICKS

The admixtures shall conform to IS:9103 . The Contractor shall

Integral water proofing compound shall conform to IS : 2645.

8.0 OTHER MATERIALS

1.1 SOFT/LOOSE SOIL

1.2 HARD/DENSE SOIL

Generally any soil which requires the close application of pick, or

1.3 SOFT/DISINTEGRATED ROCK

1.4 HARD ROCK (REQUIRING BLASTING)

Any rock or boulder for the excavation of which blasting is required.

1.5 HARD ROCK (REQUIRING CONTROLLED BLASTING)

Due to any reason, if general blasting is prohibited, then for excavating

1.6 HARD ROCK (BLASTING PROHIBITED)

2.0 BACKFILLING MATERIAL

Backfilling material shall be as approved by the Site-in-charge.

Back filling of excavations in trenches, foundations and elsewhere

3.0 EARTHWORK IN EXCAVATION

Excavation shall be carried out in any material encountered on the site

The Contractor shall remove all vegetation, shrubs etc. encountered

Foundation pits/trenches shall not be excavated to the full depth unless

The Contractor shall provide suitable drainage arrangement to prevent

Where excavation is made in excess of the depth required, the

Lowering of water table by well-point pumping shall be paid

The Contractor shall make necessary arrangements for lighting, fencing

Where the excavation is to be carried out below the foundation level of

Loose or soft bed ground encountered in excavation at the required

Any obstacle encountered during excavation shall be reported

The Contractor shall not undertake any concreting in foundation until

3.2 In case of hardrock requiring blasting, the provisions mentioned below

Blasting shall normally be done with gunpowder, dynamite, gelatine or