Cyateguwe na IYAMUREMYE NSHUTI AUGUSTIN

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Email: iyanshuti1990@gmail.com

Kuwa 24 Kamena 2014

 KWIHANGIRA UMURIMO

Muri iki gihe Leta y’u Rwanda irashishikariza abanyarwanda bose, cyane cyane urubyiruko
gushyira imbaraga muri politiki yo kwihangira imirimo. Kwihangira imirimo ni bumwe muburyo
bwafasha urubyiruko gukura amaboko mumifuka bakishakira icyo gukora ubwarwo,rukiteza
imbere rudategereje gushakira akazi kubandi gusa.

A. IBINTU BY’INGENZI WAKWIBANDAHO UGIYE GUTANGIRA

UMUSHINGA UBYARA INYUNGU

Ushobora kuba ufite akazi, cyangwa se ntako ufite, ariko wifuza kuba watangira gukora business
ubwawe,yawe bwite cyangwa ufatanije n’abandi.

Dore ibintu by’ingenzi rero uzabanza kwibazaho :

Ni iki ujyiye gukora / gucuruza ? (serivisi cyangwa igicuruzwa kihe ?)

Ufite bumenyi ki butuma uhitamo gukora iyo business?
Ni ubuhe bumenyi(cyangwa udushya) butuma uzabasha guhangana ku isoko riri hanze aha,
ukegukana abakiriya ushaka ?
Ese ukeneye kubanza kwihugura ngo wongere ubwo bumenyi ? Cyangwa ubwo bumenyi ufite
burahagije ?
Ese icyo kintu ushaka kuzana gucuruza cyangwa serivisi wifuza gucuruza irakenewe aho
ushaka kuyishyira ?
Ese kizahita kigurwa birangire ? Cyangwa bizagusaba kubanza kucyamamaza igihe kirekire ?
Ese urabona uko ubukungu buhagaze buzatuma serivisi/igicuruzwa cyawe kigurwa ? Umunsi
se bwabaye nabi urabona kizakomeza kugurwa ?
Ese gucuruza iyo serivisi/icyo gicuruzwa ni ibintu bikuri ku mutima koko ?cyangwa ni ibintu
upfuye gukora gusa kugira ngo wishakire udufaranga ?
Bajya bavuga ngo “kora icyo ukunda, ukunde icyo ukora”. Business ugiye gutangira
yakagombye guhinduka nk’aho ari bwo buzima bwawe. Ugomba kuyikunda no kuyitaho
bikwiye. Niba atari ibyo, hari igihe uzagera mu bihe bikomeye bikugore gukomeza
guhanyanyaza. Niba wishimiye business yawe kandi uyikunze, abakiriya bawe nabo bazabibona,
bityo kubakundisha serivisi/igicuruzwa byawe bizakorohera.

Igihe umaze kwibaza kuri ibyo bibazo rero, ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora, ni business plan.

Business plan ni iki ?

Business Plan ni inyandiko ushobora kwandika ugendeye ku mbata isanzwe izwi cyangwa iyo
wishakiye, iba ikubiyemo ibizagenga business yawe byose. Ni nk’igishushanyo ukorera business
ushaka gukora, cyangwa se watangiye gukora. Iyo ukeneye kwaka inguzanyo cyangwa inkunga
yo gukoresha muri business yawe, banque cyangwa undi muterankunga wese azagusaba iyo
business plan. Gusa nawe uyikoresha mu rwego rwo kwiha gahunda no kwirinda igihombo
waterwa no gukorera mu cyuka.

Dore ibice bigomba kugaragara muri business plan yawe :

1. Ishusho y’ibigize business yawe byose: aho izakorerwa, ibyo izakoresha, abakozi
bazayigira, mbese ibizaba bigize company yawe byose.
2. Ibyo ushaka gukora : Hano haba hakubiyemo amakuru ajyanye n’ibyo business yawe
izaba ikora. Niba ari serivisi izatanga, ibyo izaba ikora cyangwa icuruza.
3. Gusobanura uko ubona isoko uzacuruzaho rimeze (isoko aha ndavuga abakiriya
bawe). Ubona isoko ugiyeho ryifashe rite?, ubona abakiriya se uzabagabana gute
n’abandi bakora nk’ibyawe ? Niba bishoboka wifashishe ubushakashatsi bwakozwe
n’abakubanjirije.
4. Kugaragaza ingamba ufite zo kuzakurura abakiriya no kwimenyekanisha ku isoko.
5. ishusho y’uko abakozi n’ubuyobozi bwa company yawe bameze: Ni nde muyobozi, ni
nde ushinzwe imari, ni nde ushinzwe kugurisha,….
6. Ibijyanye n’imali ya business yawe yose: Ese amafaranga muzatangiza ni angahe, abaze
gute, azava he, azabikwa he, azakoreshwa gute ? Ese namara gukoreshwa, azagaruzwa
gute, ?
7. Kwaka inguzanyo : Kino gice ucyuzuza iyo uteganya kuzagira aho waka inguzanyo
cyangwa usaba inkunga. Iyo utabiteganya, ntiwirirwa ucyuzuza. Wuzuzamo nyine
amafaranga usaba, uwo uyasaba,…

AKAMARO KA BUSINESS PLAN

1. Business plan izagufasha kumenya uko business yawe izagenda,

2. icyo ushaka gukora,
3. uko uzagikora,
4. uburyo uzabona inyungu,
5. igihe uzatangira kuyibonera,
6. uko uzashakisha abakiriya, uko uzabafata,
7. amafaranga uzakoresha muri company/business yawe,
8. aho uzayakura,
9. uko uzayakoresha,
10. abakozi uzakenera,
11. aho uzakorera,…

Business plan muri make ni uburyo business yawe izaba iteye.Iguha gahunda, bityo
ukirinda n’igihombo ushobora guterwa no kuba utazi ibyo urimo gukora ibyo ari byo.
 IBINTU BYATERA IGIHOMBO MURI BUSINESS

 Ubumenyi budahagije kuri kuri business yawe

 Kudacunga neza umutungo wawe( uva muri business)
 Kutagira amafaranga ahagije yo gukoresha muri business
 Kutamenyekanisha ibikorwa bya business yawe ngo abantu babimenye, babikunde
 Kutazirikana intego ya business yawe, n’icyo ugamije kugeraho( objectives of business)
 Kutamenya abakugana cyangwa abafata buguzi bawe ngo umenye ibyo bakeneye ngo
abe aribyo ukora
 Kutamenya amakuru y’abandi ngo mugire ubuhahirane kandi mwungurane ibitekerezo
kubyo mwakora.
 Kugura cyangwa gucuruza mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko bikunze kwitwa magendu
bishobora guteza igihombo igihe bimenyekanye
 Kutagira udushya mubyo ukora.
 Kutigirira icyizere.

IGIHOMBO SI IHEREZO.

1. Menya ko kugira ibihombo bishoboka muri business. Kunguka bivuze ko ushobora no

guhomba.

2. Nuramuka uhombye, uzahombe amafaranga gusa, ariko ntuzatakaze intego n’indoto byawe:

3. Niyo waba wahombye, kunda gukora business ku rwego rushoboka rwo hejuru, kugira ngo
ejo uzagere ku ntsinzi nyayo.

4. Kuba wahombye ntibivuze ko uzahora uhomba. Ibyo byikuremo ukomeze ukore.

5. Hari igihe igihombo cyakuviramo inyungu. Nyuma y’igihombo, uzasuzume aho cyaturutse
maze ufate ingamba.
 B. IBINTU 6 BYAKWIFASHISHWA MU KWIBUMBIRA MU ISHYIRAHAMWE
(COOPERATIVE)

Ishyirahamwe ni ugushyira hamwe kw’ibitekerezo n’ibikorwa runaka ku bantu barenze umwe.

Rishobora gufasha abantu kugera ku kintu cyiza kandi kigaragara. Umuhanzi yaravuze ati
“ishyirahamwe ni ryiza rigwiza amaboko, ubwenge bukajijuka, uwatinyaga agatinyuka !”

Dore ibintu bitandatu byakwifashishwa mukwibumbira mu ishyirahamwe:

1. GUSHAKA ABANTU MWAFATANYA:

Ugomba kureba abo musanzwe muhuza ibitekerezo kandi ubona ko hari icyo mwageraho
mwifatanije, kandi ukabahitamo uzirikana ko ari abantu muzasangira ibitekerezo ndetse n’akazi
kandi utibagiwe n’umusariro uzava mu bikorwa byanyu.

2. KUREBERA HAMWE IBYO MUZAKORA

Iyo warangije guhitamo abantu muzatangirana icyo gikorwa muricara mukaganira, mukarebera
hamwe icyo ishyirahamwe ryanyu ryakwibandaho gukora mukurikije igihe murimo, ahantu
muri, ibikunzwe n’abantu cyane kurusha ibindi kandi bishobora kubateza imbere ndetse
mukanunguka.

3. GUSHYIRAHO AMATEGEKO ABAGENGA.

Iyo mumaze kubona ibyo muzakora, mushaka amategeko abagenga harimo kumenya umusanzu
wa buri muntu agomba gutanga kugirango mubone aho muhera ibikorwa byanyu n’umurongo
ngenderwaho mukamenya umubare w’abantu muzatangiriraho kuko mufashe umubare munini
byagorana mu itangira.

4. KUREBERA HAMWE AHO MUZAKORERA

kureba ahantu hakwiye kandi hashobora kugerwa bitagoye kugirango n’abashaka kubisunga
bitazabagora.
 5. KUREBERA HAMWE IBYO MUZAKORA

kurebera hamwe ibikorwa byabateza imbere kandi byagira umusaruro ugaragara ushobora
kubafasha igihe cyose mukeneye kwagura ibikorwa kandi bigahaza abanyamuryango ndetse
mugasagurira n’isoko kuko niryo rituma mumenyekana.

6. KUBAHIRIZA AMATEGEKO AGENGA COOPERATIVE

kubahiriza amategeko ya Leta harimo kumenyekanisha ishyirahamwe ryanyu mu buyobozi,

kwishyura imisoro, kugira ikaye yandikwamo iby’ishyirahamwe ,kwitoramo abahagarariye
abandi (comite),…

MURAKOZE CYANEEE!!!!!!