REPUBULIKA Y'U RWANDA

REPUBLIC OF RWANDA

URWEGO RUSHINZWE INTWARI Z'IGIHUGU, IMIDARI N'IMPETA BY'ISHIMWE

CHANCELLERY FOR HEROES, NATIONAL ORDERS AND DECORATIONS OF HONOUR (CHENO)

INCAMAKE Y’INYANDIKO NGENDERWAHO MU GUTANGA

IBIGANIRO BIJYANYE NO KWIZIHIZA UMUNSI W’INTWARI
Z’IGIHUGU 2024

UBUTWARI MU BANYARWANDA, AGACIRO KACU

Mutarama 2024
INTANGIRIRO

Tariki ya 1 Gashyantare buri mwaka, u Rwanda rwizihiza Umunsi w’Intwari z’Igihugu. Ukaba ari
umunsi Abanyarwanda bazirikana kandi bagashimira Intwari z’igihugu kubera ibikorwa
by’ikirenga kandi by’ingirakamaro byaziranze.

Nk’uko tubiririmba mu ndirimbo yubahiriza Igihugu tugira tuti: “Abakurambere b’intwari, bitanze
batizigama, baraguhanga uvamo ubukombe, utsinda ubukoloni na mpatsibihugu [….] none
uraganje mu bwigenge […]”; ubutwari nibwo bwahanze u Rwanda, burarwagura, buruteza imbere.
No mu bihe bikomeye rwanyuzemo, u Rwanda rwagobotswe n’Abanyarwanda b’Intwari
barwitangiye batizigama. Urugero rwa vuba ni ubutwari n’ubwitange byagaragaye mu rugamba
rwo kubohora Igihugu ; bikubaka u Rwanda rwunze ubumwe, rufite umutekano n’iterambere
rirambye.

Muri uyu mwaka, Umunsi w’Intwari z’Igihugu uzizihizwa ku nshuro ya 30 tariki ya 1 Gashyantare
2024 ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti: “Ubutwari mu Banyarwanda, Agaciro kacu”.

Iyi nyandiko ni incamake y’imfashanyigisho irambuye yateguwe ngo izifashishwe mu biganiro

bijyanye no kwizihiza Umunsi w’Intwari z’igihugu bizatangwa ahantu hanyuranye nko mu bigo
bya Leta n’iby’abikorera, mu miryango itari iya Leta na mpuzamahanga, mu nzego z’ibanze, mu
mashuri abanza, ayisumbuye, amakuru na Kaminuza, mu bitangazamakuru no mu Banyarwanda
baba mu mahanga n’ahandi.

Iki kiganiro kigizwe n’ibice bikurikira:

Iki kiganiro kigizwe n’ibice bikurikira:

1. Igice cya mbere: UBUTWARI BW’ABANYARWANDA

2. Igice cya kabiri: UMUCO WO GUSHIMA NO GUSHIMIRA ABAKOZE

IBIKORWA BY’INGIRAKAMARO

3. Igice cya gatatu: UBUTWARI MU BANYARWANDA, AGACIRO KACU

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IGICE CYA MBERE: UBUTWARI BW’ABANYARWANDA
Kuva kera, ubutwari ni indangagaciro igaragarira mu myumvire, mu mikorere, mu mibereho
n’imibanire y’Abanyarwanda. Mumibereho n’imyumvire y’Abanyarwanda, ubutwari
busobekeranye n’umuco n’indangagaciro byaranze abakurambere mu bihe bitandukanye.
Indangagaciro remezo izindi zubakiyeho nkuko inzego zinyuranye zazemeje ni: Gukunda
Igihugu, Ubumwe, Umurimo, Ubupfura.

1. UBUTWARI MU MATEKA Y’U RWANDA

1.1. Ubutwari mu Rwanda rwa mbere y’ubukoloni
Mbere y’ubukoroni mu Rwanda, ubutwari bwagaragariraga cyane mu bijyanye n’urugamba rwo
kurinda igihugu cyangwa kucyagura. Ubutwari bwo muri icyo gihe bwari mu byiciro bitatu (3)
bijyanye n’impeta zahabwaga abagizwe intwari. Ibyo byiciro ni ibi bikurikira duhereye ku
gisumba ibindi: Gucana uruti, Impotore, Umudende. Uretse intwari zahabwaga izo mpeta,
hashimirwaga kandi abakora ibikorwa binyuranye by’iterambere n’ibikorwa biteza imbere igihugu
n’umuco wacyo. U Rwanda mu mateka rwagize Abatabazi ndetse n’Abacengeri barwitangiye,
bahara ubuzima bwabo.
1.2. Mu gihe cy’ubukoloni
Kuva aho u Rwanda rutakarije ubusugire n’ubwigenge ku ngoma ya gikoroni, amadini mashya
akaza na yo agamije guhindura Abanyarwanda afatanyije n’abakoroni, ibyarangaga imiyoborere,
imyumvire n’imyemerere y’abakurambere byarasenywe. Ibyo Abanyarwanda bagenderagaho
harimo n’indagagaciro z’ubumwe n’ubutwari, byose byafashwe nk’imyumvire isuzuguritse (ya
gipagani/gishenzi). Gusa muri icyo gihe, hari Abanyarwanda bagerageje kurwanya no kwamagana
ibikorwa by’Abakoloni byo gutesha agaciro umuco w’u Rwanda no kubiba amacakubiri.
Urugero: Umwami Yuhi V Musinga.
1.3. Mu gihe cya Repubulika ya mbere y’iya kabiri (1962-1994)
Nyuma y’ ‘ubwigenge’ bw’u Rwanda, abayobozi ba Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabiri bakomeje
imyumvire n’imyitwarire yigishijwe n’abakoloni ku byerekeye gusuzugura no kudaha agaciro
umurage w’abakurambere. Bakomeje inzira yatangiwe n’abakoloni yo gucamo ibice abenegihugu
no kubateranya. Abenshi mu bashimirwaga muri icyo gihe ni abashyigikiraga gahunda za Leta,
ahanini zishimangira ivangura mu Banyarwanda.
1.4. Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994
Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki yo guteza imbere umuco w’ubutwari n’ubumwe
bw’Abanyarwanda. Impinduka ikomeye yabayeho ni ubushake bwo gukosora imitekerereze
n’imikorere ikocamye ivangura abana b’u Rwanda yaranze Repubulika ya mbere n’iya Kabiri,
zikomoka ku bakoroni.

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Hashyizweho kandi inzego zinyuranye ziteza imbere indangagaciro z’umuco n’ubutwari mu
Banyarwanda hagamijwe gushingira ku muco mu bikorwa byose byubaka u Rwanda. Ni muri
urwo rwego hashyizweho Urwego rushinzwe Intwari z’Igihugu, Imidari n’Impeta by’Ishimwe
(CHENO) n’izindi nzego.

2. UBUTWARI BWAKUYE U RWANDA MU BIHE BIKOMEYE

Kuva u Rwanda rwahangwa kugeza ubu, rwanyuze mu bihe bikomeye byashoboraga no gutuma
ruzima. Muri ibyo bihe rwatabawe n’indangagaciro y’ubutwari iranga abanyarwanda kuva kera
kugeza ubu.

Ingero zagarukwaho mu kiganiro ni izi zikurikira:

 Ubutwari bw’Abanyarwanda bahanze bakanagura u Rwanda;

 Ubutwari bw’Abanyarwanda mu kurinda ubusugire bw’Igihugu;
 Abaryankuna batabaye u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka 11 rwarigaruriwe n’abanyamahanga;
 Abatabazi/Abacengeri bitangiye u Rwanda mu bihe bitandukanye;
 Abanyarwanda barwanyije ubukoloni n’ingaruka zabwo;
 Ubutwari bw’Inkotanyi zabohoye u Rwanda zikanahagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

3. INTWARI Z’U RWANDA

3.1. Intwari y’Igihugu ni muntu ki?
Intwari ni umuntu ukurikirana icyo yiyemeje kugeraho, kivamo igikorwa cy’ikirenga gifitiye
abandi akamaro. Abikora mu bupfura n’ubwitange bihebuje, kandi akirinda ubugwari mu migirire
ye, ntagamburuzwe n’amananiza.
Mu Rwanda, ubutwari bugaragarira mu bikorwa umuntu yakoze, akamaro byagize ndetse
n’urugero byatanze. Ubutwari bugaragarira mu ndangagaciro nko kugira umutima ukomeye kandi
ukeye, gukunda igihugu, kwitanga, kugira ubushishozi, kugira ubwamamare mu butwari, kuba
intangarugero, kuba umunyakuri, kugira ubupfura, kugira ubumuntu, kwihesha agaciro, kwirinda
amacakubiri n’ivangura, gukunda umurimo kandi unoze n’izindi.

3.2. Inzego z’Intwari z’Igihugu

Inzego z’Intwari z‘Igihugu ni eshatu (3) duhereye ku cyiciro gisumba ibindi:
Imanzi, Imena n’Ingenzi.
IMANZI ni intwari y’ikirenga yagaragaje ibikorwa by’akataraboneka birangwa
n’ubwitange, akamaro n’urugero bihebuje.

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 IMENA ni intwari iyinga imanzi, inkwakuzi mu kugaragaza ibikorwa byiza bidasanzwe
mu gihugu, birangwa n’ubwitange, akamaro n’urugero bihanitse.
INGENZI ni intwari iyinga imena ikaba inkwakuzi mu kugaragaza ibitekerezo cyangwa
ibikorwa by’ingirakamaro birangwa n’ubwitange buhebuje, akamaro gakomeye n’urugero
ruhanitse.

3.3. Ibiranga Intwari z’Igihugu

Itegeko No 13 bis/2009 ryo ku wa 16/06/2009 rigena inshingano, imiterere n’imikorere by’Urwego
rushinzwe Intwari z’Igihugu, Imidari n’Impeta by’Ishimwe riteganya indangagaciro ziranga Intwari
z’Igihugu zikurikira:
1. Kugira umutima ukomeye kandi ukeye: kugira umutima udatinya, gushyigikira icyiza,
kugaragaza ikibi no guhangara kukirwanya kandi uzi neza ingaruka;
2. Gukunda igihugu: gushyira imbere no guharanira ubusugire, iterambere, ishema
by’igihugu n’ubumwe bw’abagituye;
3. Kwitanga: kwigomwa inyungu zawe bwite, guharanira inyungu rusange byaba ngombwa
ugahara ubuzima;
4. Kugira ubushishozi: kureba kure no kumenya ukuri kutagaragarira buri wese;
5. Kugira ubwamamare mu butwari: kurangwa n’ibikorwa by’ubutwari bizwi kandi
bishimwa na benshi;
6. Kuba intangarugero: kurangwa n’ibikorwa bihebuje, bibera abandi urugero rwiza;
7. Kuba umunyakuri: kurangwa n’ukuri kandi ukaguharanira ntutinye no kuba wakuzira;
8. Kugira ubupfura: umuco ugaragarira mu matwara meza, imibereho, imyifatire
n’imibanire n’abandi;
9. Kugira ubumuntu: kurangwa n’umutima ukunda abantu ku buryo buhebuje aho
kubarutisha ibintu.
Abanyarwanda twese dusabwa kurangwa n’izi ndangagaciro mu mibereho yacu, mu migirire no
mu mitekerereze ya buri munsi.

3.4. Intwari z’Igihugu z’ikubitiro zemejwe

1) URWEGO RW’INTWARI Z‘IGIHUGU Z’IMANZI; harimo:
i) Ingabo Itazwi Izina
ii) Major General Fred GISA RWIGEMA
2) URWEGO RW’INTWARI Z‘IGIHUGU Z’IMENA; harimo:
i) Umwami Mutara wa III RUDAHIGWA Charles Léon Pierre
ii) Bwana RWAGASANA Michel

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 iii) Nyakubahwa Madamu UWILINGIYIMANA Agatha
iv) Félicité NIYITEGEKA
v) Abanyeshuri b’i Nyange

3) MU RWEGO RW’INTWARI Z’INGENZI : kugeza ubu nta muntu urajyamo ariko

ubushakashatsi ku bashobora gushyirwa muri iki cyiciro burakomeje.

IGICE CYA KABIRI: UMUCO WO GUSHIMA NO GUSHIMIRA ABAKOZE

IBIKORWA BY’INGIRAKAMARO
Kuva u Rwanda rwabaho n’abakoloni bataraza, Abanyarwanda bagira umuco wo gushima no
gushimira abakoze ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa bifite akamaro kandi bitanga urugero rwiza. No mu
buzima busanzwe, umuntu wakoraga ibikorwa byiza by’ingirakamaro kandi bibera abandi urugero
yaragororerwaga.
Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu wa 1994, Leta y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda yashyize
imbere kubaka Igihugu gifatiye ku muco n’amateka by’abakurambere. Ni nayo mpamvu, mu bihe
binyuranye, Ubuyobozi bw’Igihugu bwashimiye ku mugaragaro Abanyarwanda
n’Abanyamahanga bakoze ibikorwa by’ikirenga bifitiye Igihugu Akamaro
1. Politiki y’Igihugu y’itangwa ry’Impeta z’Ishimwe
Mu cyerekezo cyo gushyira imbere indangagaciro z’umuco n’ubutwari ziranga Abanyarwanda,
hashyizweho Politiki y’Igihugu y’itangwa ry’Impeta z’ishimwe.
Iyo politiki yemejwe n’Inama y’Abaminisitiri yo ku wa 05 Ukuboza 2017 ikaba igaragaza muri
rusange uburyo ubuyobozi bw’Igihugu bushimira abakoze ibikorwa by’ikirenga bifitiye Igihugu
akamaro. Politiki igaragaza kandi uburyo inzego zinyuranye zajya zishimira abakora ibikorwa
byiza mu buryo butandukanye. Politiki igamije ko umuco mwiza wo gushima icyiza wari usanzwe,
wasakara mu nzego zose no mu Banyarwanda muri rusange.

2. Impeta z’Ishimwe zemejwe

Impeta y’Ishimwe ni ikimenyetso gitangwa n’Ubuyobozi bw’Igihugu ku Banyarwanda
n’abanyamahanga, abasivili n’abasirikare bakoze ibikorwa by’ikirenga bifitiye Igihugu akamaro.
Impeta z’Ishimwe zemejwe:
1o Impeta yo Kubohora Igihugu (National Liberation Medal): Uruti: Ihabwa Abanyarwanda
n’Abanyamahanga bagaragaje ubwitange mu kubohora no kurinda Igihugu. Iyi Mpeta yatanzwe
kuva muri 2006
2 o Impeta yo Kurwanya Genoside (Campaign against Genocide Medal): Umurinzi

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Ihabwa Abanyarwanda n’Abanyamahanga bagize uruhare mu kurwanya Jenoside ndetse no mu
guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu wa 1994. Iyi Mpeta yatanzwe kuva muri 2006.
3o Impeta y’Ubucuti (National Order of Friendship): Igihango: Ihabwa abakoze ibikorwa
bihebuje by’ingirakamaro kandi by’intangarugero, biteza imbere ubucuti bw’u Rwanda
n’amahanga n’ibikorwa bihesha ishema Igihugu ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Iyi Mpeta yaratanzwe
bwa mbere ku wa 18/11/2017.
4o Impeta y’Icyubahiro (National Order of Honour): Agaciro: Ihabwa abayobozi
b’Abanyarwanda n’Abanyamahanga baranzwe n’ibikorwa biteza imbere Igihugu mu miyoborere,
ubukungu, imibereho n’imibanire mu Rwanda no ku rwego Mpuzamahanga. Iyi mpeta yatanzwe
mbwa mbere muri Gicurasi 2022.
5o Impeta y’Umurimo (National Order of Performance): Indashyikirwa: Ihabwa abakoze
ibikorwa bihebuje bateza imbere ubumenyi, ikoranabuhanga, ubukungu, imibereho myiza
n’imibanire myiza y’abaturage, n’ibindi.
6o Impeta y’Umuco (National Order of Culture): Indangamirwa: Ihabwa umuntu wagaragaje
ibikorwa bihebuje mu guteza imbere umuco w’u Rwanda.
7 o Impeta y’Ubwitange (National Order of Bravery): Indengabaganizi: Ihabwa umuntu
wakoze igikorwa cy’ubutwari kirimo ubwitange, gutinyuka, gukiza ubuzima bw’undi/abandi;
kikabera urugero abantu benshi. Iyi Mpeta yatanzwe bwa mbere ku itariki ya 4 Nyakanga 2022.

III. IGICE CYA GATATU: UBUTWARI MU BANYARWANDA, AGACIRO KACU

Ibihugu byinshi byakomeye mu bukungu, imibereho myiza, imiyoborere myiza, igisirikare
n’izindi nzego, bibikesha uguhitamo neza n’icyerekezo nyacyo bifata. U Rwanda narwo
rwahanzwe n’Abanyarwanda, baba ari bo barwagura. Igihe u Rwanda rwari mu bihe bibi, cyane
cyane mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bubi n’Igihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ndetse no mu bihe bya
kera, rwatabawe n’abana barwo.

Indangagaciro z’umuco n’ubutwari zikangurira Abanyarwanda kwigira no guharanira gukora

ibikorwa byiza bifitiye Igihugu akamaro.

Mu gihe tugezemo, Abanyarwanda barasabwa kurangwa n’ubutwari mu rugamba rw’iterambere.

Abanyarwanda turasabwa kurangwa n’ubutwari mu byo dukora byose bigamije iterambere,
imibereho myiza y’abaturarwanda, no kwigira kw’Igihugu cyacu; dushingiye ku ndangagaciro
remezo zituranga: Gukunda Igihugu, Ubumwe, Ubupfura, Umurimo kandi unoze. Ndetse n’izindi
zose zishamikiyeho, kandi twirinda za kirazira, twubahiriza amategeko y’Igihugu.

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U Rwanda rwihaye igenamigambi rigari kandi rishimangira kwiha agaciro, ubudaheranwa no
kwigira. Icyerekezo 2050 gikubiyemo ingamba zigamije guteza imbere igihugu mu bukungu,
imiyoborere myiza n’imibereho myiza.

Icyerekezo 2050 ntabwo gikwiye gukomeza kuba inzozi ahubwo gikwiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa
ku bufatanye bw’Abanyarwanda bose. Buri wese agashyiraho itafari rye nk’uruhare rwe mu
iterambere ry’igihugu.

Uruhare rw’Abanyarwanda, cyane cyane urubyiruko mu guteza imbere u Rwanda

rwubakiye ku muco n’ubutwari

Hashingiwe ku nsanganyamatsiko y’Umunsi w’Intwari z’Igihugu igira iti: “Ubutwari mu

Banyarwanda, Agaciro kacu”, kwishakamo ibisubizo ni kimwe mu mwihariko n’ubudasa
bw’Abanyarwanda. Nibyo byatumye u Rwanda rushobora gukemura no guhangana n’ingaruka
zasizwe na bimwe mu byago u Rwanda rwagize.

Nyuma y’imyaka 30 Jenoside yakorerwe Abatutsi muri 1994 ihagaritswe, u Rwanda rufatwa
nk’igihugu cy’icyitegererezo mu rwego rw’imiyoborere n’iterambere. Ibyo bigomba gukomeza
mu rwego rwo kubaka u Rwanda twifuza. Ibyo bisaba Abanyarwanda twese kwiha intego zigamije
kwigira no kwihesha agaciro kw’Igihugu cyacu.

Urugamba rwo guteza imbere u Rwanda na n’ubu rurasaba Intwari, abantu badasanzwe bemera
kwitanga mu rwego rw’ubukungu, imibereho myiza, imibanire n’ubutabera. Bakaba abayobozi ku
ruhembe rw’iterambere n’indashyikirwa ku murimo unoze ari wo soko y’iryo terambere.

Hagamijwe gukomeza kubaka u Rwanda rubereye Abanyarwanda bose no gukomeza kuruteza

imbere, Abanyarwanda cyane cyane urubyiruko turasabwa ibi bikurikira:

● Gukomeza kwigira ku bakurambere b’Intwari n’abandi bantu bakoze/bakora ibikorwa

by’ingirakamaro ;

● Gusigasira ibyagezweho no kubyongera mu bwinshi no mu bwiza ;

● Kwitoza iteka gukora ikiza no kwanga ikibi ;

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● Gukunda umuco wacu, kurangwa n’indangagaciro z’umuco nyarwanda ; gukunda uririmi
rwacu no kwitwararika Kirazira dusanga mu muco ;

● Urubyiruko rurasabwa kandi kureba kure, gufatira urugero ku Ntwari z’Igihugu mu byo
bakora byose. Urubyiruko rurakangurirwa kwitoza iteka gusesengura ibibazo biri mu
muryango mugari bakomokamo, no kugira uruhare mu kubikemura batarindiriye
ak’imuhana kaza imvura ihise n’amazi masabano atamara imbyiro.

● Kugira ubumenyi bukenewe mu gihe rurimo n’ikiri imbere, kandi bwubakiye ku burere
n’umuco kuko ibyubakiye ku muco nibyo birama.

● Urubyiruko rurasabwa gushungura ibyo rwakira, ntibakoyore ngo babe bakwakira

ibizasenya umuryango/Igihugu, Afurika ndetse n’Isi.

● Bagomba kandi guhora biga, biyungura mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, mu mikorere ya

kijyambere n’imikoranire, mu bukungu, imibereho, imibanire n’ubuyobozi bwiza.

● Guharanira kwigira no kwihesha agaciro;

● Gukorera ku ntego;
● Gukora umurimo unoze kandi ufite ireme;
● Gukorera hamwe;
● Guhanga udushya;
● Guteganyiriza ahazaza;
● Kugira umubano mwiza na bose;
● Kwirinda ingeso mbi zidindiza iterambere, zirimo izi zikurikira:

o Ubunebwe;
o Ivangura, akarengane no gutonesha;
o Ruswa, ubusambo no gucunga nabi ibya rubanda;
o Uburangare no kwirara;
o Kudaha agaciro iby’iwanyu;
o Kwishyira hejuru, kutubaha abantu no kutiyubaha, kutoroherana;
o Kudakunda kwiyungura ubumenyi;

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 o Kutirinda no kutarinda abandi indwara, umwanda, ubujyahabi, ibitekerezo bisenya;
o Kwangiza ibidukikije;
o Gukorana n’abagamije gusenya cyangwa kudindiza Igihugu cyangwa kugisubiza
inyuma;
o Gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge n’izindi ngeso mbi.

UMUSOZO

Ubutwari ni imwe mu ndangagaciro zigize umuco w’u Rwanda. Ubutwari ni umurage

Abanyarwanda bakomora ku bakurambere bahanze u Rwanda, bakarwagura, bakaruteza imbere
mu bihe binyuranye by’amateka y’u Rwanda.

Ni ngombwa ko Abanyarwanda cyane cyane urubyiruko bakomeza guharanira gukora ibikorwa

byiza bifitiye igihugu akamaro bagendeye ku rugero rwiza rwatanzwe n’Intwari z’Igihugu: Imanzi,
Imena n’Ingenzi.

Hagamijwe gukomeza kubaka u Rwanda twifuza, Abanyarwanda turashishikarizwa gukomeza

guha agaciro umuco wacu, gukunda Igihugu, gukora umurimo unoze, gukorera ku gihe, kunga no
gukomeza ubumwe no kurangwa n’ubupfura. Tukibuka buri gihe ko turi bene u Rwanda. U
Rwanda ni urwacu twese nta vangura iryo ari ryo ryose kandi natwe turi abana b’u Rwanda.

“Uru Rwanda rwacu rero kugira ngo rutubere rwiza rugire n’uruhare
rushimishije n’ahandi, ni kwa kurinda umuryango wacu. Kurinda ibikorwa
byacu byiza, kurinda ubumwe bwacu, kumenya Umunyarwanda ko ari
Umunyarwanda dukwiriye guha agaciro.” _ Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika y’u
Rwanda, Paul KAGAME mu Nama ya Unit Club, Kigali, tariki ya 6 Ugushyingo 2015.

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