1] INTRODUCTION:

1.1) ABOUT THE INDUSTRY:

The Textile & Clothing trade in the global market is fast changing with the scaling up of uses of
textiles in diverse areas. Asian countries including India play a dominant role in the international
trade of the global market. China has the major share in Textile &Clothing trade in the
International market and both Bangladesh & Hong Kong have a significant share. It is reported
that Asian countries export most of Textile & Clothing apparel to Europe, North America, and
USA etc.

India’s contribution from textile and clothing trade in country’s total Forex earning
shows a declining trend in the last decade. Government of India has made a good number of
initiatives for capacity building, skill development, product diversification and enhancing global
share.
1.2) ABOUT THE COMPANY:

Lucky Yarn Tex is an exclusive company because of its strong fundamentals and having
machinery incorporated with contemporary technologies and automations. The company has
manufacturing units located at Veppadai, nearby Erode in Tamil Nadu. Lucky Yarn Tex
manufactures cotton yarn mainly for the Indian market. The High quality Yarns and Fabrics
produced with the state of the art technological machines and the yarn count ranging from 20 Ne
to 60s Ne.

Lucky Yarn Tex was founded as an ambitious project to cater to the needs of the Indian Textile
Industry. I want to thank each of our customer for their support and commitment to the Company
that has helped to place Lucky Yarn Tex among the valuable Companies in India. I look forward
to your continued support as your Company embarks on the next phase of its growth journey.
2] COMPANY PROFILE:
2.1] PROFILE OF THE COMPANY:

COMPANY’S NAME LUCKY YARN TEX INDIA

PVT LTD
STATE TAMILNADU
DISTRICT NAMAKKAL
ADDRESS SF NO: 35/2, ANANGUR ROAD,
NETTAVELAMPALAYAM,
TIRUCHENGODE, NAMAKKAL
COMPANY STATUS ACTIVE
PIN CODE 637304
MANAGING DIRECTOR VISWANATHAN.P
CONTACT DETAILS luckyyarns@gmail.com
ROC Roc- Coimbatore
DATE OF INCORPORATION 27 September 2006
AGE OF THE COMPANY 16 Years, 1 Month
REGISTRATION NUMBER 13103
COMPANY CATEGORY COMPANY LIMITED BY
SHARES
CIN U17111TZ2006PTC013103


2.2] HISTORY OF THE COMPANY:
With over 40 years of experience in the Textile Industry, Lucky group ventured into realm of
Indian Textile business with the manufacture of Fabrics in the year 1976. Later the Group
expanded by backward integration by setting up Mothi Spinners having an installed capacity of
one Lakh spindles and 12 units dedicated for Vortex spinning. Taking advantage of their rich
experience in cotton industry, Lucky Yarn Tex was established in the year 2008 as an integrated
spinning and weaving unit having 50,000 spindle age and 50 Air jet looms mill to cater to the
growing Textile market.
3] ADMINISTRATIVE SETUP OF THE COMPANY:

3.1] FOUNDER OF THE COMPANY:

The founder of The Lucky Yarn Tex India Private Limited is Mr.
3.2] MANAGEMENT:

* Chairman- Ganesan Rajamanickam

* Managing Director- Palaniappan Viswanathan

* Joint Managing Director- Gurusami Doraisamy

Lucky Yarn Tex India Private Limited is a Private incorporated on 27 September 2006. It is classified
as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Coimbatore. Its authorized share
capital is Rs. 300,000,000 and its paid up capital is Rs. 278,013,600. It involved in Spinning,
weaving and finishing of textiles.

Lucky Yarn Tex India Private Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on 23
September 2021 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet was
last filed on 31 March 2021.
4] PRODUCTION PROCESS:

4.1] YARN MANUFACTURING PROCESS:

*SPINNING:

Spinning is the twisting together of fibres to form yarn (or thread, rope, or cable). Fibres cannot
be used to make clothes in their raw form. For this purpose, they must be converted into yarns.
The basic manufacturing process of spinning includes carding, combing, drafting, twisting and
winding. As the fibres pass through these processes, they are successively formed into lap, sliver,
roving and finally yarn.

*CLEANING:

Within a progressive line of machines, it is necessary to create new surfaces continuously by

opening the material. And even then, the best blow room line is not able to eliminate all, or even
almost all, of the foreign matter in the raw material. A blow room installation removes
approximately 40 - 70% of the impurities. The result is dependent on the raw material, the
machines and the environmental conditions. Almost all manufacturers of blow room machinery
now offer dust-removing machines or equipment in addition to opening and cleaning machines.
However, dust removal is not an easy operation, since the dust particles are completely enclosed
within the flocks and hence are held back during suction (because the surrounding fibres act as a
filter. It follows that dust elimination takes place at all stages of the spinning process.

*BLENDING:

Blending of fibres material is an essential preliminary process in the production of a yarn. Fibres
can be blended at various stages of the process. These possibilities should always be fully
exploited. However, the start of the process is one of the most important stages for blending,
since the individual components are still separately available and therefore can be metered
exactly and without dependence upon random effects. A well-assembled bale layout and even
(and as far as possible simultaneous) extraction of fibres from all bales is therefore of the utmost
importance. This blending operation must collect the bunch of fibres arriving sequentially from
individual bales and mix them thorough. Blending is done to deliver even feed of material to the
carding machine.
*CARDING:
Carding is one of the most important operations in the spinning process as it directly determines
the final features of the yarn. There are many objectives of the carding process and these can be
summarized as: Opening the tufts into individual fibres, Eliminating the impurities, Removing
the short fibres, Parallelizing and stretching of the fibre, Transformation into sliver.
As the cylinders rotate, the cotton is pulled by the cylinder through the small gap under the
brushes; the teasing action removes the remaining trashes, disentangles the fibres, and arranges
them in a relatively parallel manner in form of a thin web. This web is drawn through a funnel
shaped device that moulds in to a round rope like mass called sliver. After carding the carded
slivers go to the draw frame.

*DRAW FRAME:
This is the machine on which drafting & doubling are carried out. Carded sliver is not even
(uniform) enough to produce good quality yarns. Therefore, usually all the carded slivers are
subjected to doubling & drafting on a machine called “Draw Frame”.
Doubling is the practice of feeding two or more strands to produce one strand in order to obtain
linear density and to remove the thick & thin places i.e. realignment for uniformity of fibre. In
the factory, the sliver is drawn through the draw frame twice. One is after the carding stage and
another after the combing stage. In the first draw frame sliver from 5 cans are drawn to form one
sliver and the draw frame uses 6 rollers for this process. In the second draw frame, which is
called the finisher draw frame, 6 cans of sliver are converted in 1 sliver and this is called the
finished sliver. 4 rollers are used in this draw frame. The cans obtained are fed to the unilap
machine for converting sliver in to lap. This conversion is done because the fibres cannot be fed
to the comber in a sliver form.

Breaker Draw Frame:

Machine Name : LD 2
Slivers from 5 cans are converted 1 sliver
Roller Arrangement : 4 over 3
*COMBING:
Combing is a process which is introduced into the spinning of finer and high quality yarns from
cotton. The carded materials (sliver) contain certain amount of short fibres, neps and fine
particles. The short fibres cause thick and uneven places in the yarn along its length and the yarn
looks hairy. Apart from this, very short fibres do not contribute anything to yarn strength. Short
fibres below a certain predetermined length can be easily separated out by using comber. In the
SPUPL unit 18 slivers are drawn to form lap. This is called super lap formation and the number
of rollers being used at this stage are 14.

*ROVING FRAME/ SPEED FRAME:

The product delivered by roving machines is called Roving. Roving is a fibre strand of lesser
count than that of a sliver. It also gives a small twist to keep fibres together. It is wound on to a
package which is suitable for feeding spinning machines.

Operation involved in speed frame:

1. Drafting
2. Twist Insertion
3. Winding (Packet Formation)

*RING FRAME:
Functions of ring frame;
1. Draft the roving until the required fineness is achieved
2. Twist the drafted strand to form yarn of required count and strength
3. Winding the twisted yarn on to the spindle for suitable storage, transportation and further
processing.
4. When the spindle is completed filled, it gets automatically dropped and empty spindle is
inserted in SPUPL, the count is differentiated in the ring frame. For 20s, the turns per inch given
are 16 and draft 30, for 40s - 26 TPI and draft of 40 and for 60s it is 33 TPI and draft of 60.
4.2] WEAVING:
Weaving is the process of preparation of fabric by intersecting two sets of yarns: warp and weft,
at right angles to each other.

*LOOM MECHANISM:
Primary motions of loom:
Primary motion is necessary for weaving fabric. Without these mechanisms, it is practically
impossible to produce a fabric. For weaving a fabric, three primary motions are required in the
loom.
Shedding: Shedding is the operation by which the warp is divided into two sheets so that
sufficient gap is created for the uninterrupted passage of the weft from one side of the loom to
the other.
Picking: Picking is the operation to transfer the weft yarn (pick) into the shed from one side of
the loom to the other. In shuttle loom, picking is done from both sides of the loom. However, in
shuttle less looms, it is done from only one side of the loom.
Beat up: Beat up is the operation of pushing the newly inserted weft yarn back into the cloth fell
by using the reed.

Secondary motions of loom:

Let-off motion: This motion delivers warp to the weaving area at the required rate and at a
suitable constant tension by unwinding it from a weaver’s beam.
Take-up motion: This motion withdraws fabric from the weaving area at the constant rate that
will give the required pick spacing and then winds it onto a roller.

Auxiliary motions of loom:

Auxiliary motions are added to a loom to get high productivity and good quality of fabric. These
motions are useful but not absolutely essential. They are
Warp stop motion: This motion able to stop the loom when a warp thread breaks or get
excessively loosened.
Weft stop motion: This motion able to stop the loom when a weft breaks or runs out of the weft
package.
In SPUPL, automatic power-looms are used. The shedding is accomplished with the following
systems:
• Crank shedding
• Cam shedding or tappet shedding
• Dobby shedding

*AUTOMATIC POWER LOOMS:

1.Crank Shedding
Crank shedding mechanisms are simple and relatively cheap to use. However it can only be
used for plain weave fabric constructions. In this system the harnesses are controlled by the
crank shaft of the weaving machine. For each crank shaft revolution a wheel is rotated half a
turn, which changes the harness position. This system is only used in air-jet and waterjet
machines where high speed is achieved.

2.Cam Shedding:
Cam shedding is also simple and inexpensive. A cam is a disk which has grooved or
conjugated edges which corresponds to the lifting plan. The lifting plan controls which
harnesses are lifted. The disadvantage of cam shedding is that when the woven design has to
be changed the cams have to be rearranged to suit the new design. Pattern design is also
limited due to the amount of harnesses the cams can control.
Cam looms are used to make 3/1, 2/1 satin weaves.

3.Dobby Shedding:
Dobby shedding is more complex than crank and cam systems. The main advantage of dobby
looms is that more intricate designs can be produced. Older dobby looms were operated by
wooden lags with pegs, which rotated around a roller above the loom. The pegs in the lags
correspond to the lifting plan, which controls which harnesses are lifted. Punched paper or
plastic pattern cards can also be used. Recently modern dobby looms are controlled via an
electronic system. The disadvantage of dobby systems is that faults are more likely to occur
due to their complexity.
The dobby loom uses 4 frames if number of ends is below 6000 and 6 frames if the number
of ends is 6000 to 12000.

4. Air-jet (Toyota Air-jet 710)

The filling yarns are inserted with the help of air-jet. In air-jet weaving machines the filling
yarn is inserted pneumatically. It is carried through the shed by compressed air flow supplied
from a main nozzle and relay nozzles. This is the fastest type of weaving.
The rate of weft insertion is 950 ppm.
In the weaving section, there are 38 crank and cam looms and 22 dobby looms. The ratio of
the machines to operators is 4:1. The maximum length of the fabric roll produced is 1500m
and the maximum width is 72 inches. Electronic Drum Pulling is used. If the requirement is
52 epi, then 64 epi is taken in the loom, which compensates the shrinkage which happens during
the finishing process, and the wastage of fabric along the selvedge.
4.3] DYEING:
Dyeing is the process of adding color to textile products like fibres, yarns, and fabrics.
Dyeing is normally done in a special solution containing dyes and particular chemical
material. After dyeing, dye molecules form chemical bond with fibre molecules. The
temperature, pressure and time controlling are two key factors in dyeing. There are mainly
two classes of dye, natural and man-made.
4.4] TESTING:
COLOR MATCHING CABINET
Features of Color Matching Cabinet:
Supplied with major tube lights & bulbs for quick and accurate color assessment. Fitted with
Electronic/ballasts for Instant start & power saving to safeguard the expensive & sensitive tube
lights & bulbs
No warm-up; No flick;
No heat emission; Elapsed Time displaying of each light source.
Energy saving; Efficient illumination.
Compact; High quality with low price.
Button Switches
Color looks different under different lighting condition. When one uses a Color Matching
Cabinet it helps in marking the difference. Color Viewing Cabinets is equipped with most
accurate light cabinet for visual evaluation of fabrics, garment, cloth, textiles, and leathers
and so on. It checks matching under a standard light source in a closed environment to
minimize the interference of external lights.
Color Matching Cabinet booth is used for visual assessment of color under 5 standard lights.

LIGHT SOURCES;
Artificial Daylight Fluorescent Lamps (D-65)
Incandescent lamp (INCA)
Cool White Fluorescent Lamp (CWF)
Ultra-Light (UL-30)
UVB
5] OTHER DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES:
5.1] VARIOUS OTHER DEPARTMENTS:

* FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Finance in general is the “Life Blood of any organization”. Finance is required for
meeting the day-to-day. No business enterprise can be started and run smoothly
without finance. Finance is required for purchasing of machines, Packing Material,
etc. Finance is needed to pay Salaries to employees and also for staffs. The Finance
can be borrowed, from shareholders, banks and other financial institutions also
from the internal and external sources. The firm arise fund from banks also. The
firm maintains the fund by proper utilization for necessary things. Finance
department helps the Accounts department by pay the amount to the suppliers. It
pays the amounts to the accounts departments. When they are in need of money
yearly budgets are prepared and a separate finance manager is appointed to control
the Finance department.

MAINTAIN BOOKS AND FILES

a) Cash book and bank book
b) Sales register and purchase register
c) Ledger Accounts
d) Trial balance
e) Profit and Loss Account
f) Balance Sheet

CASH BOOK AND BANK BOOK

All sums of money received and expended by the Company.

LEDGER ACCOUNTS
The ledger consists of asset and liabilities of the Company
TRIAL BALANCE
(i) Trial balance is a Summary of all ledger balances cash and bank balances on a
particular day. In a Trial balance, Debit side and Credit side should always Tally.
(ii) Balance sheet and Profit and Loss Account is prepared from the Trial Balance.

PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT

(i) Profit and Loss Account is prepared from the Revenue income and Revenue
expenditure items in the Trial Balance.
(ii) Profit arises when revenue income is in excess of revenue expenditure.
(iii) Loss arises when revenue expenditure is in excess of revenue income.
(iv) In the case of non-profit organizations, Profit and Loss Account is termed as
“Income and Expenditure Accounts”.

BALANCE SHEET
Balance Sheet is the Statement reflecting the Assets and Liability position of a concern
on any particular data.
The staff works from 8 am to 5 am head office staff work from 9am to 6pm.The salary
is given on, day basis and week basis and contract basis.
Recruitment:
 Staff vacancies are announced through advertisement.
 Interested candidates may apply for the post.
 The candidates are selected by their respective heads.
 Candidate’s application are scrutinized, and then asked to attend a personal interview,
take up the written test and finally selected by the board of panel members.
*HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT
Human Resource department has a variety of tasks to be performed. It should be done
efficiently and effectively. So that the resources are not wasted or not being utilized in full.
Time offices play a vital ride in managing Human resource. There are 100 employees
working in the mill and there are 20 staff working for the mill. The mill works under 3 deferent
shifts the time is,
1. 7.00am to 3pm.
2. 3pm to 11 am
3. 11pm to 7am

*MARKETING DEPARTMENT
Marketing is the process of identifying the goods & services that consumers need and
goods and providing those goods& services at the right price, place & time. Business develop
marketing strategies by conducting research to determine what products and services potential
customers think they would like to be able to purchase.
Firms also promote their products & services through such techniques as advertising
and personalized sales, which serve to inform potential customers& motivate them to purchase.
The fixation of price is made by the director of the company. Marketing department is
managed by the marketing manager and assistance to market the products the made-ups to the
customers demand and satisfaction and also up to the current market trends.

DUTIES OF MARKETING DEPARTMENT:

 Collection enquiries from agents
 Sending offers/ Quotations
Sales details:
 Enquiry through phone, fax, E-mail.
 Sales through agent, deport, director
 Count-Customer name, quality, delivery payment.

The company is making note of all the market trends & may design up the made-ups
accordingly. The company’s marketing department is very effective and is headed by
experience sales persons.
The price sales are fixed by the concern itself. By consulting the price sales are done
through agent by providing commission and discounts.
Objectives of marketing

➢ Intelligent and capable application of modern marketing policies.

➢ To develop the marketing field.

➢ To develop guiding policies and their implementation for good result.

➢ To suggest solutions by studying problems relating to marketing.

➢ To receive existing marketing function, if shore coming are found.

➢ To take appropriate auctioning the course of action.

Importance of marketing

➢ Marketing is the connecting link between the consumer

➢ Marketing helps in increasing the living standard of people

➢ Marketing helps to increase the nation’s income

➢ Efficiency system of marketing reduces the cost of minimum

➢ Marketing process increases the employment opportunities

➢ For continuous marketing is needed

➢ Marketing creates modern costiveness

*SALES DEPARTMENT
Production of goods is done for sales. Sales means deferred payment or production of
consideration. The effectiveness of sales into an organization is the most important factor for
the progress of the firm, because the firm figure of project ultimately depends on the efficiency
of the department. The whole operation of an industry is to obtain and dispatch the product in
time as soon as they are ready for sale.

Objectives of sales department;

➢ To increase buying response at the customer level

➢ To increase the sales effort of dealers an sales personnel

➢ To attract new customers

➢ To create additional talking points OT sales persons

5.2] OTHER DEPARTMENTS;

WELFARE
The welfare facilities given to the employees include cooperative society,subsided
canteen, sanitary facilities etc.
 Primary facilities: Canteen facilities are provided inside the campus which cost
not even one– third of the rates when compared to outside. The employees are
provided with free bus facilities for their transportation from company to
residence.
 Medical facilities: Provides comfortable health care facilities to all its employees
and their family members. This is a comprehensive scheme comprising med claim
accident and combination.
 Safety trainings: Safety trainings are being given to all employees working there
once in every six months.
 First aid training: First aid training programs are given ones in every three years
to only nine members of the company
6] CONCLUSION:

During the two-week internship, we could learn about the various

sections in a textile industry i.e. the spinning, weaving, dyeing, finishing
and the testing facilities. Its huge infrastructure and the profound
attention given to us by the officials enabled us to relate the theoretical
knowledge studied in the college with the practical knowledge. Also, all
the appointed personnel have assisted in enabling us to understand and
learn different aspects of the industry.