Workbook Contents

Click on tabs at the bottom of the screen to access the following:

Tab 1. Contents (current tab)

Tab 2. Q and V - Flow Rate and Velocity

Tab 3. Normal Depth

Tab 4. Rationale for Variable n

Why you shouldn’t give copies of this workbook away

We at EngineeringExcelTemplates.com hope that you find this workbook useful.  If you
would like us to develop additional useful spreadsheets for you in the future, then encourage
your friends and colleagues to buy their own copies, rather than allowing them to copy
the spreadsheet you purchased.  We have deliberately set our prices so low that no one
can really claim that they can’t afford to pay.  But low prices will work for us—that is, we
can stay in business—only if we can sell enough copies.  Bottom line: the more you get
other people to pay for their own copies, the more low-cost useful spreadsheets will be
available for you in the future.

This workbook is provided "as is", without warranty of any kind, express or
implied.

Find more Excel spreadsheets for engineering at

EngineeringExcelTemplates.com

Copyright © 2017 Harlan H. Bengtson. All Rights Reserved.

Partially Full Pipe Flow Calculations - U.S. Units
Calculation of Discharge, Q, and average velocity, V

Instructions: Enter values in blue boxes. Spreadsheet calculates values in yellow boxes

Inputs Calculations

Pipe Diameter, D = 24 in Pipe Diameter, D = 2 ft

Depth of flow, y = 15 in Pipe Radius, r = 1 ft

Circ. Segment Height, h = 0.75 ft

Manning

roughness, nfull = 0.013 Central Angle, q = 2.64 radians

Cross-Sect. Area, A = 2.066 ft2

Pipe Slope, S = 0.0039 ft/ft

Wetted Perimeter, P = 3.65 ft

Calculations

Hydraulic Radius, R = 0.57 ft

y/D = 0.625 Discharge, Q = 8.39 cfs

n/nfull = 1.21 Ave. Velocity, V = 4.06 ft/sec

n= 0.016 pipe % full [(A/Afull)*100%] = 65.75%

Equation used for n/nfull: n/nfull = 1 + (y/D)0.54 - (y/D)1.20
Source: Goswami, I., Civil Engineerign All-In-One PE Exam Guide: Beadth and Depth, 2nd Ed.
(Eqn 303.32), McGraw-Hill, NY, NY, 2012
Equations used for calculations:
(For Flow Less Than Half Full)

r = D/2

h=y

R = A/P (hydraulic radius)

Q = (1.49/n)(A)(R2/3)(S1/2) (Manning Equation)

V = Q/A

More Excel spreadsheets for partially full pipe flow at:

EngineeringExcelTemplates.com

Copyright © 2017 Harlan H. Bengtson. All Rights Reserved.

Reference: Bengtson, Harlan H. Partially Full Pipe Flow Calculations Spreadsheets
Available as a paperback book or as an Amazon Kindle ebook
Equations used for calculations:
(For Flow More Than Half Full)

r = D/2

h = 2r - y
alculations Spreadsheets
Partially Full Pipe Flow Calculations - U.S. Units
Calculation of Normal Depth

Instructions: Enter values in blue boxes. Spreadsheet calculates values in yellow boxes

Inputs Calculations

Pipe Diameter, D = 24 in Pipe Diameter, D = 2

Manning roughness, nfull = 0.013 Pipe radius, r = 1.0

Pipe Slope, S = 0.0069 ft/ft The Manning equation can be rearranged to:

Volumetric Flow Rate, Q = 0.8 cfs Q/(1.49*S1/2) = (A*R2/3)/n

Q/(1.49*S1/2) = 6.464

NOTE: You must use Excel's "Goal Seek" to find the normal depth as follows: Place the cursor
on cell I 26 and click on "goal seek" (in the "tools" menu of older versions and under "Data - What
If Analysis" in newer versions of Excel). Enter values to "Set cell:" I26, "To value:" 0, "By
changing cell:" A26, and click on "OK". The calculated value of y o will appear in cell A26.
The blue cell A26 needs an initial estimate of y o to start the process and will have the final answer
for the normal depth after completing the Goal Seek operation.

Normal Depth
yo ,ft h, ft q, radians A, ft2 n P, ft (A*R2/3)/n

0.314 0.314 1.630 0.316 0.0164 1.63 6.463

More Excel spreadsheets for partially full pipe flow at:

EngineeringExcelTemplates.com
Copyright © 2017 Harlan H. Bengtson. All Rights Reserved.

Reference: Bengtson, Harlan H. Partially Full Pipe Flow Calculations Spreadsheets

Available as a paperback book or as an Amazon Kindle ebook
 Equations used for calculations - Less than Half Full:

yellow boxes r = D/2

h=y

ft

ft

an be rearranged to:

= target value R = A/P (hydraulic radius)

for (A*R2/3)/n

Place the cursor Q = (1.49/n)(A)(R2/3)(S1/2) (Manning Equation)

under "Data - What
lue:" 0, "By V = Q/A

ave the final answer

difference from Equation used for n/nfull: n/nfull = 1 + (y/D)0.54 - (y/D)1.20

target value Source: Goswami, I., Civil Engineerign All-In-One PE Exam Guide: Beadth and Depth, 2nd Ed. (Eqn

0.000
ow Calculations Spreadsheets
 Equations used for calculations - More than half full:

r = D/2

h = 2r - y

dth and Depth, 2nd Ed. (Eqn 303.32), McGraw-Hill, NY, NY, 2012
Why use a model with variable Manning roughness, n, for partially full pipe flow?

The cross-sectional area, wetted perimeter, and hydraulic radius for partially full pipe flow can be
calculated using the geometric/trigonometric equations that are shown on the accompanying
worksheets. It seems logical that the cross-sectional area and hydraulic radius calculated in
this way could be used in the Manning equation to calculate flow rate, velocity and/or normal
depth for partially full pipe flow, using a Manning roughness value that has been determined for
full pipe flow for the given pipe material. This method is, in fact, used in some online calculators
and it is presented as the approach to use for this type of calculation by various sources.

Unfortunately, by the mid twentieth century, it had been observed that measured flow rates in
partially full pipe flow don't agree with those calculated using the method described above.
In his 1946 article [ "Design of Sewers to Facilitate Flow," Sewage Works Journal, 18 (3) ],
T.R. Camp developed a method for improving the agreement of partially full pipe flow calculations
with measured values, by using a variation in Manning roughness coefficient with depth of flow.
The work of T.R. Camp led to the partially full pipe flow graph shown below, which shows the
the variation in n/nfull, Q/Qfull, and V/Vfull with the ratio of depth of flow to pipe diameter (y/D).
This graph has been used in several publications of the American Society of Civil Engineers,
the Water Pollution Control Federation, and the Water Environment Federation from 1969 through
1992. The n/nfull variation shown in this graph is used in the partially full pipe flow calculations
in this spreadsheet.