07/11/2019

Dashboard illustration
Dashboards’ Origins
What is EIS?

Business Intelligence EIS gets left behind

The Metric System
Key Performance Indicator (KPI)
Dashboards
Program Studi Sistem Informasi Agus Cahyo Nugroho, S.Kom., M.T.
Overview Dashboards Common Features
Picking the right kind of dashboards

Some executives like to describe businesses in nautical terms. Start-ups

are like speedboats they say, able to change direction on a dime as called for by market conditions. The huge multinational conglomerates on the other hand, are the supertankers, lumbering and powerful hulks, which take lots of planning and foresight befor
Well, consider the supertanker Knock Nevis, the world’s largest ship. It tips the scales at nearly 600,000 tons (eight times the weight of the biggest battleship
Every business,ever
likeconstructed), and
every ship, has to is about
have 1500 feet
someone long.
at the In spite of this enormous and complex mass, the m
helm,
a handful of sailors. reading conditions, navigating a course, and making the big decisions. But executives don’t have the benefit of a
The closest a CEO can come to that kind of command are IT tools powered by business intelligence systems. For
the dashboard, its user might be able to keep the ship afloat.

Speedboats vs
Supertankers Speedboats vs
Supertankers

The normal decision process for company leaders involved

In the 1980s, as virtually every company was adding to its analyzing reams of data and combining that with subordinates’ interpretation of that data.
Executivetechnologies
technology infrastructure, managers and executives began to demand — and get — some benefit for all that computing power. Blossoming Informationwere
Systems (EISs)
making lifechanged
easier foralleveryone
that. In the
elseearly 1980s
in the companies
company; began
whether youworking
were a s
your day-to-day job functions, allowing for more informed manipulated it, and presented it in easy-to-read summaries.
decisions, and making you more productive. EIS:
Dashboards’ information gold for the top brass
Origins

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Although EIS was originally designed to supply only the top levels of
Instead of raw numbers, executives now had some context, analysis,
the company with operational data, the rest of the organization quickly became interested in the sam
and intelligence to go with it. They got more than just data, they were now being fed information.
EIS: EIS:
domain, just as it did for executives making decisions about the
Most old-style EIS software was built with a fourth-generation (4GL) programming language, using pre-written queries and predefined parameters to summon the needed data from operational or
entire enterprise?
transactional systems.
information gold for the top brass Everybody’s Information System

The only difference between executive-level EIS and mid-level EIS is

the scope of data that feeds the system.
A COO might view sales metrics from all 250 stores around the country — checking status, looking for trends in product As revolutionary as the Executive Information Systems were, there
EIS: were
category sales and inventory cycles, perhaps comparing the figures with previous quarters and years. The regional manager would be certain limitations
interested in the samethat pushed
kinds the approach
of information out of
— if only forstyle
thatby the mid-1990s. EIS began to be as
the code.
Everybody’s Information System
particular region’s 32 locations.
EIS gets left
behind

But several key concepts came to light during the EIS era; they
evolved and were woven into the business intelligence systems that companies use today:
1. The dashboard
2. Interactive controls
As the systems evolved in the 1990s, it became clear that the

Presenting a user with an interactive GUI (graphical user products would need some new features:
EIS gets left EIS gets left
interface) as a way to summarize information was a notion that stuck. In an airplane cockpit or on the dashboard of a car you find gauges
A customizable
and indicators
interface
for the
to most
matchimportant
the level and
elements
function
of the
of the
system
user — but not all the information tha
The captain and first officer see things that matter to Adaptability to work with any data source in the network
behind behind The capability to present the data in a variety of ways

flying the plane — such as altitude, attitude, and

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What exactly are users looking at when they turn on their KPIs go beyond simple financial measures and get at the heart of a
dashboards? company’s operations. But KPIs have to be carefully selected, regardless of whether they appear in a
more general measurement.
Businesses are complex animals, and they can be measured in a
The Metric thousand different ways. But every enterprise has just a handful of metrics that reveal the essence of how the business is performing — its Key Performance Indicators (KPIs for short). It’s one of the most
important concepts in the realm of business intelligence. Defining KPI
System

A good analog to KPIs is a grammar school report card. For starters,

A KPI occupies a middle ground between specific and general: even though a kid could be measured against many different criteria, report cards showed only items
Specific enough to indicate where to find the source of a problem if one exists English, and social studies).
General enough to keep the reader or user from getting lost in the
Defining KPI minutiae and complexities of a large organization.
Defining KPI

But there was no specific indication on the report card for how well
you could diagram a sentence or do long division, even though those skills were critical to academic success. That’s because report
Why not list every single test and homework score on a report card?
Because it’s much easier to gauge a student’s overall academic performance by showing a few genera
cards show composite metrics —they blend all of your test and effect, your grades were your childhood KPIs.
Defining KPI homework scores in certain related areas under more general Defining KPI
headings. Your math grade, for example, is a broad measurement that reflects your ability to do long division, convert fractions into

decimals, complete word problems (ugh), and so

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To get a better look at what’s really happening inside their

organizations, business chiefs turn to KPIs. Business KPIs help BI grows in popularity every day because it puts better KPIs in the
hands of managers — developed through business intelligence processes, designed from the get-go
measure success — not of the company as a whole, but of individual to point at the actions required to make them better.
Business KPIs Business KPIs
processes. They are the benchmarks that encompass nearly every operational aspect of the business, and they allow companies to
manage their overall success.

Through business intelligence processes, operational data is

collected and evaluated that shows (for example) that call center wait time rises and falls at specific t
changes.

Business KPIs

Consider the following example KPIs:

Average waiting time in a customer call center queue
Number of times inventory turns over in a year
Business KPIs Percentage of defective units manufactured
Average sales-cycle time
Sales per square foot of retail floor space

Today’s dashboards are direct descendants of the old EIS and DSS Today’s dashboards are direct descendants of the old EIS and DSS
systems — with greatly improved functionality and appearance. Mission systems — with greatly improved functionality and appearance. That’s because they’re linked to toda
Looking at BI That’s because they’re linked to today’s powerful data systems (the tightly focused KPIs.
backbone of modern business intelligence solutions) and utilize tightly focused KPIs. control to the desktop
Dashboards

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As with the BI query-and-reporting tools or OLAP drill-down

reports, the latest generation of dashboards can be made widely available to people throughout the company — at all levels and in nearly all job types. The shipping department might have a system that keys into the production,
shipping department personnel.
The fact is, 80 to 90 percent of individual contributors perform
analysis of some kind. Not all those workers have the skill or training to write complex queries or direc
Mission Mission to make immediate decisions based on real-time information.

control to the desktop control to the desktop

Dozens of dashboard vendors exist in the marketplace. Some offer Appealing and differing graphics: Conveying information on
general packages to sit atop a BI solution; others provide specialized controls that focus on certain areas of the business. But most dashboards share
complex subjects a always
is not set of easy
common features:
or intuitive. A good dashboard allows for the presentation of metrics in a variety of ways, s
Navigable layout: Computer screens are only so big, so dashboards allow for multiple, easily accessible screens. Whether it’s tabs, charts, graphs, tables,
breadcrumb trails,and speedometers.
or some kind of menu-based system, most dashboards have a global navigation fe
means there’s a lot of information at the users’ fingertips.

Dashboards
Interactivity: When a user sees an important measure that needs attention,
Dashboards the dashboard presents a pathway to deeper layers of information.
For example, if the speedometer control dips from the green into the red section, a user might want to see the component mea
common features common features make up the larger measure in an effort to get to the source of the problem.
Clicking a dashboard control might do something simple (say, sort
or expand a list or pivot a table around a more relevant dimension), or it
might lead to another application, or even automatically produce an OLAP report that can then be drilled into and analyzed.

Customizable interface: Users should be able not only to navigate

to different subject areas, but also to set up their dashboards in a way that gives them the ideal mix of information relevant to their

jobs. Except for specialty packages, dashboards offer customization Browser-based capabilities: Dashboards can be standalone
Dashboards and personalization. Dashboards applications, or they can be made available over standard browser software. This makes distribution a
common features common features
Embedded content: This feature allows administrators and users to mix in external content with the application-fed indicators andeasier.
dashboard window that had a stock ticker crawl. Or the accounting
graphics. It might be appropriate for a financial analyst to have a

team might need to have an interactive calendar

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In Performance Dashboards: Measuring, Monitoring, and Managing

Your Business (Wiley Publishing, Inc., 2005), dashboard expert Wayne W. Eckerson defines three ma
Tactical dashboards measure short-term productivity and effectiveness; their output is often used by
the software, or the connectivity.

Rather than working through a mass of reports and

Dashboard
hours of meetings and briefings, knowledge workers can take a
quick glance at their dashboards and understand in an instant
Picking the
best practices whether or not their team, department, or division is performing up to snuff. right kind of dashboard

Operational dashboards quantify the short- and medium-term

effectiveness of a specific business function (or family of business functions) at the team or business-unit level. This level of dashboard could potentially be deployed for an individual knowledge worker or a local team manager. The tre
certain kinds of complaints. Strategic dashboards are built for the policy-setting levels of the
Organization (such as the chief-level executives or business-unit directors). These dashboards display
necessary).
Picking the Picking the
right kind of dashboard right kind of dashboard

Terima Kasih
aguscahyonugroho.blogspot.com WA : 082220700282