LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of this lesson, learners are expected to:

1. Define drug and drug addiction.

2. Enumerate some common illegal substances and their
adverse effects on the users.
3. Express commitment to the prevention and fight against
drug addiction.
REPUBLIC ACT 9165
COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUG ACT OF 2002
These are some of the important provisions in the Republic Act
9165
 SEC 5 – sale, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution
and transportation of dangerous drugs
 SEC 6 – maintenance of den, dive or resort
 SEC 11 – possession of dangerous drugs
 SEC 15 – use of dangerous drugs
 SEC 19 – unlawful prescription of dangerous drugs
REPUBLIC ACT 9165
COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUG ACT OF 2002

 SEC 36 – authorized drug testing

 SEC 54 – voluntary submission of a drug dependent to
confinement, rehabilitation
 SEC 60 – confidentiality of records under the voluntary
submission
 SEC 61 – compulsory confinement of a drug dependent who
refuses to apply under the voluntary submission
Dangerous Drug Board 2019 Statistics

A total of fifty-five (55) treatment and rehabilitation

TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION facilities reported to the Treatment and Rehabilitation
FACILITIES Admission Information System (TRAIS).
OUT-PATIENT
Of this, fifty-three (53) are residential and two (2) are
outpatient.

From the facilities reporting, a total of five thousand

two hundred twenty-seven (5,227) admissions were
recorded. Five thousand one hundred nineteen (5,119)
of this are new cases, twenty-two (22) are readmitted
cases and eighty-six (86) have undergone treatment in
an outpatient facility.
RESIDENTIAL
Dangerous Drug Board 2019 Statistics

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE Eighty-nine percent (89.02%) of the 2019 admission

LGBT cases are males, around eleven percent (10.46%)
FEMALES
females, and an insignificant percentage among them
are LGBT (0.52%).

The ratio of male to female is 9:1, with a mean age of

32 and a median of 33 years old. The youngest is 7
while the eldest is 68 years old.

The highest percentage belongs to age group of 40

years old and above with twenty-seven percent
(27.13%)
MALES
Dangerous Drug Board 2019 Statistics

COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS

CONTACT
Methamphetamine Hydrochloride, commonly known as
CEMENT “Shabu” remains to be the main drug of abuse
CANNABIS comprising ninety-four percent (93.72%) of the total
admission.

This is followed by Cannabis (Marijuana) at twenty-

three percent (22.59%), and Contact Cement (Rugby)
with less than one percent (0.73%).

Mono drug use is still the nature of drug taking and the
routes of administration are inhalation/sniffing and oral
METHAMPHE ingestion.
TAMINE HCL
DRUG is defined as follows according to
Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA)

CLINICAL DEFINITION GENERAL DEFINITION POPULAR DEFINITION

Drug is a therapeutic Drug is a substance aside Drug refers mainly to

substance used in the from food intended to chemical or plant-derived
prevention diagnosis affect the structure or substances that affect the
allegation treatment or function of a physiological body's psychological
cure of disease in humans system like the human behavioral or physical
or animals. body. functions and leads to
varying degrees of
dependence or addiction.
WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE?

-it is the use of any It may refer of any of the 2. Using drugs and substances
following: for a purpose different from
chemical substance, the one for which the drug
licit or illicit, which 1. Using, without benefit or has been prescribed
prescription, use of drugs
results in an which have the capacity to 3. Using drugs and substances
individual’s physical, alter the mood or behavior. having no legitimate medical
mental or social application for purposes other
than research.
impairment.
CLASSIFICATION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS
According to Dangerous Drug Act of 1972, there are two classes of dangerous drugs:

1. Prohibited Drugs- which include all the drug that

produce psychological effects of narcotics or those
that relieve pain and induce sleep.
2. Regulated Drugs- which include self-inducing
sedatives like barbiturates, amphetamines or other
hypnotic drugs or compounds producing the same
physiological effects.
DRUGS THAT ARE COMMONLY ABUSED

1. STIMULANTS- drugs which increase alertness and physical

disposition. (Amphetamine, Cocaine, Caffeine and Nicotine)
2. HALLUCINOGENS (PSYCHEDELICS)- drugs which affects the
sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotions. (Mescaline and
Marijuana)
3. SEDATIVES- drugs which may delay reduce anxiety and
excitement. (Barbiturates, Non-Barbiturates, Tranquilizers and
Alcohol)
4. NARCOTICS- drugs that relieve pain and often induce sleep.
(Opium and its derivatives such as morphine, Codeine and Heroin)
ARE PRODUCTS OTHER THAN DRUG EVER
ABUSE?

Yes, Substances like glue, paint thinners, gasoline and

other volatile (breathable) solvents contain a variety of
dangerous chemicals. They should be sold and used with
caution.
CLASSIFICATION OF DRUG ABUSERS

1. Experimenters
2. Occasional Users
3. Regular Users
4. Drug Dependents
5. Mentally Ill Chemical Abuser/Substance Induced
Psychosis
REASONS BEHIND DRUG ABUSE

 Curiosity
 Social influences or peer pressure
 New sensations for example the effects of ecstasy which include
increased energy and confidence.
 Rebellion and willingness to take risks especially when teenagers take
illegal substances that their parents is strongly disapprove
 Escapism alcohol and other drugs are used as a means of avoiding
problems associated with family life school or work frustrations
friendship and relationship difficulties low self-esteem and depression
ADDICTION

 An addiction is not having control over doing taking or using

something until it becomes harmful.
 Commonly, there are dependencies on alcohol or drugs but
you can also become addicted to everything from gambling,
to chocolates.
 Being addicted to something means having a difficult time
without it during the day.
DRUG ADDICTION

 Pertains to dependency on drug.

 Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms appear unless the person is
taking the substance.
 Addictive drugs make a person crave for or make him or her
feel an overwhelming urge to continue taking the drug even
after withdrawal symptoms have disappeared.
COMMON DRUG TYPES
MARIJUANA
Cannabis sativa

Marijuana is the term used to describe all

that comes from the cannabis plant or
(Cannabis sativa) like leaves tops stems
flowers and roots. These are dried and
prepared for smoking or taken orally as
brownies.

Marijuana has psychoactive effects. It is

taken into the body in the form of smoke
or vapor and can also be considered be
consumed and mixed into food or
steeped in tea.

It is believed to act as the “gateway to

other more serious substance.
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS

 Faster heartbeat and pulse rate.

 Bloodshot eyes
 Dry mouth and throat
 Altered sense of time
 Forgetfulness
 Impaired reflexes, coordination and concentration.
 Acute panic anxiety reaction
 Marijuana
Cannabis sativa

Adverse Effects
Smoked cannabis produces a dreamy state of consciousness in which ideas
seem disconnected ,unanticipated, and free-flowing. Time, color and spatial
perceptions may be altered in general a feeling of well-being and relaxation is IMPAIRMENT OF MEMORY AND SHORT-
experienced. TERM COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING
Mathematical, reading and verbal comprehension skills.

IMPAIRMENT OF MOTOR SKILLS

Which may lead to accidents and respiratory problems
such as bronchitis or lung cancer.

PREMATURE BABIES
Low birth weight,
abortion or still birth (neonatal death)

PANIC
State of anxiety, sometimes accompanied by paranoia.

MOTIVATIONAL SYNDROME
Dulls the mind of the smokers, blunts enthusiasm, takes
away drives or urge
 Marijuana
Cannabis sativa

Adverse Effects
Long-term regular use of marijuana may lead to psychological dependence.
Once started, it may take more of the drug for the user to get the same effect.
BURNOUT
The user can become dull, slow-moving,
inattentive and unaware of his/her surroundings.

INFECTION
Users can be more susceptible to infection.

DECREASED SPERM PRODUCTION

Users may also have altered sperm shape and
mobility.
DECREASED TESTOSTERONE LEVEL
Pre-teenagers are at an increased risk of
temporary loss of fertility.

SYMPTOMS OF MENTAL ILLNESS

 SHABU
Methamphetamine Hydrochloride

Is a type of amphetamine also known as

poor man's cocaine it's other names are
shabu, ubas, siopao, sha and ice.

Abusers all are known to take this drug

by ingestion and inhalation sniffing or
injection.

Amphetamines are regularly absorbed

orally and are associated with the rapid
onset of action, usually within one hour.

Shabu is a white odorless crystal or crystalline If they can intravenously or through

powder with a bitter numbing taste. injection they have an almost immediate
effect.
Adverse Effects
Of using SHABU

 Anxiety, tension,
irritability, irrational
behavior,
talkativeness and
loss of self-control.
 Loss of appetite and
inability to sleep.
 Euphoria elation.
 Acute psychotic
reactions violent
and destructive
behavior and
recklessness that
may result in
accidents.
Physiologic
Effects of Meth
These Includes chest pain, irregularity of
heartbeat, elevated or lowered blood
pressure, evidence of weight loss,
convulsion and death from cardiac
arrest.
 INHALANTS
Inhalant abuse is the deliberate
inhalation of volatile chemical substance
that contains psychoactive vapors
causing state of intoxication.

Most inhalants are common household

products such as nail polish remover,
glue, gasoline, household cleaners and
nitrous oxide.

Inhalants also include fluorinated

hydrocarbons found in aerosols such as
As the name suggests inhalants refer to a group hair spray, paint and household cleaners.
of drugs that are inhaled in the form of gas or
solvent.
EFFECTS OF INHALANTS

IMMEDIATE EFFECTS: DELAYED EFFECTS:

 confusion  loss of memory

 distorted perception of  inability to think
time and distance  muscle cramps and
 aggressive behavior weakness
 hallucinations  numbness of limbs
 Illusions  abdominal pains
 nausea and vomiting  damage to central
 drowsiness nervous system kidney
liver and possible the
bone marrow.

Commonly known as “Ecstasy,”” X-TC,”
ADAM AND EVE Tablet.
ECSTASY
Methylenedeoxymethamphetamine
(MDMA)
Is the term used for a group of
“DESIGNER” drugs closely related in
chemical form to the amphetamine
family of illicit drugs.
Demand for this drug caused its price
to soar up at the P2000 today.
MDMA was first developed as an
appetite suppressant in 1914 by the
German company Merck. In the 1970 s
us therapist led by biochemist
Alexander Shulgin use the drug to help
patients explore their feelings.
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS

 Extreme mood lifts and energy.

 Feeling of comfort, belonging and closeness to others.
 Feeling of love and empathy.
 Increased awareness and appreciation to music.
 Experienced bright and intense sensations.
 Urge to hug and kiss people.
 Ecstasy
Methylenedeoxymethamphetamine (MDMA)

Adverse Effects
MDMA is particularly dangerous when taken with alcohol, or by
those suffering from heart ailments, diabetes, asthma and psychosis.
FATIGUE
Depression after the drug is stopped.

RESTLESSNESS
Anxiety, pronounce visual and auditory
hallucinations.

NAUSEA AND VOMITING

RISE IN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE

Death from heart failure and stroke

NEUROTOXICITY
Brain and liver damage
 OPIATES
Narcotics

Sometimes called NARCOTICS are a group

of drugs that are used medically to
relieve pain but have a high potential for
abuse.

Some opiates come from a resin taken

from the seed pod of the Asian poppy.

Opium refers to the coagulated juice of

the opium poppy.

Opium poppy refers to any part of the

Opiates that are commonly abused are opium, plant which include the seeds, straw,
morphine, codeine and synthesized or manufactured branches, leaves or any part thereof.
opiates.
WHICH OPIATES ARE ABUSED?

1. OPIUM- dark brown chunks or powder that is usually smoked or

eaten.
2. MORPHINE- white or brownish powder that is usually dissolved in
water and then injected.
3. HEROIN- diluted or cut with other substance such as sugaror quinine.
4. CODEINE- found in cough syrup.
5. SYNTHESIZED OPIATES- come in capsule, tablets, syrup, solutions and
suppositories.
WHAT ARE THE DANGERS OF
OPIATES ABUSE?
1. Opiates may cause dependence and tolerance. An opiate-dependent
person makes finding and using the drug his main focus life. Opiate-
tolerant person needs more and more of the drug to get the same
effects.
2. Over time, opiate users may develop infections of the heart lining and
valves, skin abscesses, and congested lungs.
3. Infections from unsterile solutions, syringes and needles can cause
illnesses such as lover disease, tetanus and serum hepatitis, and AIDS.
WHAT ARE THE DANGERS OF
OPIATES ABUSE?

4. The opiate-dependent women suffer from health problems like

anemia and may give birth to babies with defects or who are dead.
5. The symptoms begin 4-6 hours after last dose of the drug, are
stronger 24-27 hours after and subside with 7-10 days. Sometimes
symptoms such as sleeplessness and drug craving can last for months.
WHAT TREATMENT IS AVAILABLE FOR OPIATES
ADDICTS?
1. Detoxification in a hospital or as outpatient.
2. Rehabilitation in therapeutic communities.
3. Outpatient drug-free programs.
4. Methadone maintenance.
HOW TO AVOID OPIATE ADDICTION?

1. Talk to someone you trust.

2. Learn how to deal with bad feelings.
3. Solve your problems the P.R.O.B.L.E.M. way:
P = problem, what is it?
R = results, what do you intend to happen?
O = open a file, what info do you need to collect?
B = brainstorm, what options are there?
L = look at the consequences, what would happen by following
each of the options?
E = evaluate and execute, which is the best choice? Make it.
M = make sure it works, have you got what you wanted?
 COCAINE
Cocaine is a drug from the leaves of the
Erythroxylon coca plant, a shrub that
originated from South America.

This drug effects the central nervous

system as a stimulant.

Cocaine exaggerates changes caused by

at least two brain chemicals
noradrenaline and dopamine. increasing
alertness and causing euphoria.

Pure cocaine was produced in 1860 and was hailed as a Doctors use it to treat anxiety and
cure-all. depression until they realized it was
addictive.
WHY COCCAINE DANGEROUS?

1. In some people, even low doses of cocaine may create psychological

problems.
2. An overdose may cause delirium, convulsions and respiratory failure
or death.
3. Regular intake of high doses of cocaine may cause paranoiaor may
lead to “cocaine psychosis” (hallucinations of touch, sight, taste or
smell.
WHAT ARE THE RISK OF COCAINE USE?

1. Injecting cocaine with unsterile equipment can cause hepatitis or

other infections.
2. Preparation of freebase exposes the user to death and serious
injuries from fire or explosion that can occur.
SEDATIVES
Sedative hypnotics such as tranquilizers
sleeping pills and sedatives or drugs
which depress or slow down body
functions.

The drug can be dangerous when taken

without physician's prescription or
instructions.
STEROIDS
Anabolic steroids are not the same as the
kind used in medicine for the reduction
of inflammation.

Rather these substances are used to

build muscle mass and strength.

They typically consist of male sex

hormones and can be very damaging
when used without a medical
prescription.
 TOBACCO
Often smoked in the form of cigarettes or
cigar or chewed.

It contains nicotine which is a stipulated

highly addictive substance that has been
known to cause cancer and other
diseases.

Nicotine works by mimicking the action

of a naturally occurring brain chemical
acetylcholine by docking with its a special
receptor molecules.

When tobacco smoke is inhaled. Nicotine is absorbed Some of these nicotine receptors in the
through the lungs and reaches the brain in about 7 brain activate part of the pleasure center
seconds. which could be responsible for nicotine
euphoric effects.
SMOKING

Suicide by installment
Much money are wasted
Organs of the body are injures
Kills both smokers and non smokers
Infants are poisoned
Nervous system deranged
God’s Temple is ruin
ANATOMY OF CIGARETTE
CIGARETTE CONTENTS

AMMONIA- use to clean bathrooms

CADMIUM- car battery
CARBON MONOXIDE
NICOTINE- use for insecticide
TAR- ingredients for asphalt
VINYL CHLORIDE- use for plastic
CYANIDE- poison gas use by Hitler in his poison camps
DDT- use to kill cockroach
FORMALDEHYDE- for embalming
EFFECTS TO THE BODY
ALCOHOL
ALCOHOLISM- is a disease or disorder of
behavior characterized by repeated
drinking of alcoholic beverages.

ALCOHOLIC- person who indulges in

heavy uncontrolled drinking to the
detriment of the person’s health and
personality.

ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
 WINE- contains 10-20% alcohol
 BEER- lower alcoholic contents(3-5%
alcohol)
 WHISKY, BRANDY, GIN, RUM, VODKA
AND LIQOURS- much higher alcoholic
content (40-50%)
EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL IN BLOOD?

1. 0.1%- Noticeable breath odor

2. 0.2%- Clumsy movement
3. 0.3%- staggering gait
4. 0.4%- helplessness
REASONS WHY PEOPLE BECOME ALCOHOLIC?

1. Feeling lonely or depressed.

2. To forget his/her problem.
3. To be accepted by his peer group.
4. As an outlet for anger, anxiety, boredom.
5. For macho image.
6. For many, it starts as recreation then becomes a habit until it
becomes a vice or addiction to alcohol.
SIGNS OF DRUG DEPENDENCY

 Mood swings or explosive outbursts.

 Staying out late or not coming home at night.
 Frequent absences from work or school or declining work or
school performance.
 Unexplained need for money or sudden loss of money and
valuables.
 Less extracurricular activities social withdrawal and minimal
interaction with the family
SIGNS OF DRUG DEPENDENCY

 Sudden or noticeable change in friends.

 Tiredness or changes in sleep patterns.
 Changes in eating patterns.
 Bloodshot or glassy eyes.
 Lethargy and loss of motivation.
 Deterioration of physical appearance and grooming.
 COUNTER MEASURES FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE

01 02 03 04

Experimenters Drug Substance

Abstainer
Occasional Dependents Abused
CLASSIFICATION
Users Psychosis
Regular Users

MANAGEMENT PREVENTIVE EDUCATION COUNSELLING DRUG REHABILITATION PSYCHIATRIC TREATMENT

SOCIETAL ROLE IN DRUG PREVENTION
The role of the individual

 Improve his or her personality and develop traits and

characteristics that would help him build-up his self-concept,
thereby making him/herself confident.
 Maintain good physical and mental health.
 Understand self, accept and respect for he/she is.
 Learn to effectively relate to others.
 Learn to cop with problems and other stresses without the use
of drugs.
 Develop strong moral and spiritual values.
SOCIETAL ROLE IN DRUG PREVENTION
The role of the individual

 Devote yourself to your studies and other productive activities

at home or in school
 Stay away from people, places and events that promote drug
use
 Learn to manage feelings and cope with stress without using
drugs
 Develop a strong moral and spiritual foundation
 Educate yourself about the effects of drug abuse
 Always say NO
SOCIETAL ROLE IN DRUG PREVENTION
The role of the family

 Good children do not come by accident, they are products of

good parenting.
 Good parenting, on the other hand does not happen by
chance.
 It follows certain basic principles:
 Principle of love
 Principle of discipline
 Principle of values
 Principle of modeling
SOCIETAL ROLE IN DRUG PREVENTION
The role of the school

 It is said that the school is an extension of the home having the

strategic position to control crime and delinquency.
 The school takes the responsibility of preventing the feeling of
insecurity and rejection of the child which can contribute
directly to maladjustment and criminality by setting up
objectives of developing the child into a well integrated and
useful law abiding citizen.
SOCIETAL ROLE IN DRUG PREVENTION
The role of the church

 The church influences people’s behavior with the emphasis on

morals and life’s highest spiritual values, the worth of
individual and generate the full power to oppose crime and
delinquency.
MINDSET is so powerful, it can alter the
way we think, the way we feel, the way
we make choices, and ultimately, the
story of our lives.

Chinkee Tan
Therefore, drug abuse is
everybody’s concern.
Or else this will be your destinations….

 REHABILITATION
 PRISON
 CEMETERY
WATCH: LESSONS A DRUG ADDICT CAN
TEACH YOU BY LAUREN WINDLE
THANK YOU
 WORKS CITED

 RA 9165- Retrived from https://pdea.gov.ph/images/Laws/RA9165_dnd.pdf

 Dela Cruz, Sonia G. et.al., (2010). National Development Vis National Service Training Service Program RA9163
(CWTS 1). Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
 Villasoto, H. et.al., (2018). Human Person Gearing towards Social Development: NSTP-CWTS 1 Worktext for
College Students Second Edition. C & E Publishing Inc.
 Photos and Videos from:
 Wikipedia, pexels.com, Google