DRUG EDU-

CATION
FATIMA JANE T. MATA
FACULTY,ICJE
 Drugs
 Any chemically active substance ren-
dering a specific effect on the central
nervous system of man.
 A chemical substance that affects the
functions of living cells and alters body
or mind processes when taken into the
body or applied through the skin.
 Is a chemical substance that brings
about physical, emotional or behavioral
change in a person taking it.
 When are drugs harmful?
 Any drug may be harmful when taken
in:
Excess;
Dangerous combinations;
By hypersensitive (allergic) per-
son
 Drug Abuse
=Is the overuse or consumption of drugs
other than for medical reasons.
=Any non-medical use of drugs that cause
physical, psychological, legal, economic,
or social damage to the user or to the
people affected by the user’s behavior.
= Using drugs without prescription.
= Abuse of drugs and other substances can
lead to physical and psychological depen-
dence.
 Alcohol
 About 18.7 million people, or 7.7% of the
population, are dependent on or abuse al-
cohol, and 12,000 more try it for the first
time every day. Alcoholics Anonymous has
2 million members – impressive, but only a
small fraction of those who need help.
 Caffeine
 It’s the most widely used mood-altering
drug in the world and is routinely ingested
by about 80% to 90% of Americans, pri-
marily through soda and coffee. A daily
brewed cup of joe, with 100 mg of caf-
feine, can lead to physical dependence.
Withdrawal symptoms are experienced by
40% to 70% of those trying to quit.
 Tobacco
 There are about 71.5 million users of to-
bacco products in the U.S. About 23.4% of
men and 18.5% of women are cigarette
smokers, with cigarette use lowest in
Western states and highest in the Mid-
west; 44.3% of young adults ages 18 to 25
use tobacco, the highest rate of any age
group.
 Drugs
 An estimated 3.6 million people are de-
pendent on drugs. On average, 8,000 try
them for the first time each day, and
700,000
Opened are undergoing treatment for ad-
diction. More than half of first-time users
are female and younger than 18. Mari-
juana, cocaine and pain relivers are the
leading drugs of abuse.
 Common reasons why people turn
to drug abuse
 Parental influences- unhappy home,
parents showing little or no interest in
their children, Abuses committed by par-
ents such as harsh physical punish-
ments; Lack of parental values; parents
who are permissive and liberal; parental
neglect; domestic violence; role model-
ing.
 Peer influences- Drug using friends encour-
age, pressure even, a youth to experiment
with drugs.

 Personality Factors- Curiosity or the desire to

experience a new state of consciousness;
Escape from physical and mental pain, relief
from boredom and frustration, and desire to
escape from harsh realities; unable to con-
form with social standards; weak personality
or low sense of self esteem.
 PER-SON-AL-ITY = HE²
 HEREDITY = the  EDUCATION
transmission of = the sum total of
physical and mental the dissimulation
traits from the par- acquired from
ents to the off- formal learning
spring. in an institution.
 ENVIRONMENT = the
sum total of the dissimu-
lation acquired from the
person’s surroundings.
 Causes of Drug Abuses
 Lack of parental guidance
 Peer pressure
 Curiosity
 Weak personality
 Desire to escape from reality
 Frustration (due to personal, family or work
problems)
 Boredom
 Poor self-image
 Habituation- A form of psychological depen-
dence, characterized by continuous desire for
a drug. A person believes that the drug is
needed to function at work or home because
drugs often produces an elated/ excited emo-
tional state.

 Addiction- a form of physical dependence,

severe craving for the drug even to the point
of interfering with the person’s ability to func-
tion normally.
 Drug Dependence
 Characterized by the compulsion to use a drug to
experience psychological or physical effects de-
spite deterioration in health, work, and social ac-
tivities.

 It is a cluster of physiological, behavioral and

cognitive phenomena of variable intensity in
which the use of psychoactive drug takes on a
high priority thereby involving, among others a
strong desire or a sense of compulsion to take
the substance and the difficulties in controlling
substance taking behavior in terms of its onset,
termination, or levels of use. (RA 9165) WHO
 Forms of Drug Dependence

 Tolerance- A form of physical depen-

dence, occurs when the body be-
comes accustomed to a drug as the
drug is repeatedly taken in the same
dose. It now requires ever- increasing
larger doses to achieve the same de-
sired effect. Tendency to increase
dosage to maintain the same effect in
the body.
 Types of Drug Dependence
 Physical Dependence- can only be dis-
cernible when drug intake is decreased or
stopped and an involuntary illness called
the withdrawal syndrome occurs.

 Psychological Dependence- Exhibited

when a user relies on a drug to achieve a
feeling of well- being. The most extreme
from of this is the obsession of the user
with the drug, thus focusing virtually all his
interest and activity on obtaining and using
 In the brains of addicts, there is reduced
activity in the prefrontal cortex, where ra-
tional thought can override impulsive
behavior.
 Addiction has a specific definition: You
are unable to stop when you want to,
despite (being) aware of the adverse
consequences. It permeates your life;
you spend more time satisfying (your
craving).
 Addiction is not just about substances. Addic-
tion is about disrupting the processing of plea-
sure; the balance point is shifted so you keep
creating more and more urges, and you keep
wanting more and more.

 Addiction occur when behaviors start to be-

come excessive. They are driven by our sys-
tems that stand up, shake us and say, “The
brain is saying this is good; we should do it
again”.
“Of 43 foreign terrorist
organizations, 19 are
linked to the global drug
trade.”
According to Michael Braun,
Chief of Operations, US DEA
At “SOUTH2008” Conference 12/2008
“25 percent of terrorism is
being funded by the
money generated by traf-
ficking of narcotic drugs.”
MK Sharma, zonal director,
Indian Narcotics Control Bureau,
Jammu and Kashmir
Quoted at conference at Univ of Jammu
2008
 What drugs are commonly abuse?
 Drugs that are commonly abused depending
on their pharmacological effects may be classi-
fied into:
 Stimulants = drugs which increase alert-
ness and physical disposition. E.g. Amphet-
amine, Cocaine, Caffeine, Nicotine.
 Hallucinogens ( also known as
Psychedelics) = drugs which affects sensa-
tion, thinking, self-awareness and emotion.
E.g. LSD, Mescaline and Marijuana.
 Sedatives = drugs which may reduce
anxiety and excitement. E.g. Barbitu-
rates, Tranquilizers, Alcohol

 Narcotics = drugs that relieve pain

and often induce sleep. E.g. Opium
and its derivatives such as Morphine,
Codeine, Herein.
Countries and Production
Colombia :
Coca/Cocaine
Afghanistan :
Opium
Burma/Laos/Thailand:
Opium
Philippines : Methamphetmine/
Shabu
 Golden Triangle (Opium)
 Borders of Burma, Laos and Thailand

 Golden Crescent (Heroin)

 Iran, Pakistan and Afganistan
 Drugs and Crime
 In one study, it was estimated that between 35
percent and 40 percent of New York’s homicides
are drug related (Siegel and Senna, 1997).

 In another study conducted in Miami, 573

narcotics users annually committed more than
200,000 crimes, including 6,000 robberies,
6,700 burglaries, and 70,000 larceny offenses.
 A similar study conducted showed that
a sample of 356 addicts were found to be
responsible for 118,000 crimes committed
every year. According to one observation,
the estimated half a million heroin addicts
in the U.S. at the time of the study, could
be committing more than 100 million
crimes annually, and these do not include
crimes committed by those addicts which
abuse drugs other than narcotics (Siegel
and Senna, 1997).
Considering that there are 1.8 million regu-
lar users (drug addicts) and 1.6 million oc-
casional users of dangerous drugs in the
country or a total of 3.4 million, based on
the 1999 survey of the Dangerous Drugs
Board (DDB), we can estimate that more
than 360 million crimes are committed ev-
ery year in this country by the 1.8 regular
drug abusers alone. This does not include
crimes that may be committed by 1.6 oc-
casional users.
 Some of Recognizable Signs of Drug
Abuse

 Sudden shift in attitudes and demeanor

 Mood swings
 Highly excitable and displays fits of rage and
aggression
 Unusual effort to conceal needle marks.
 Wearing dark eyeglasses to conceal constricted
or dilated pupils and bloodshot eyes
 Sudden regression from usual and normal
capabilities
 Neglect of personal grooming, hygiene
and appearance
 Engaging in petty crimes to support illicit
habit
 Association with known drug users
 Malnutrition = the lives of drug depen-
dents revolve around drug abuse. They
miss their regular meals because they
loss their appetite.
 Panic Reaction = the loss of thought pro-
cesses can cause panic reactions or feel-
ings of invulnerability. Both of these
states can lead to injury and death. Pro-
longed harmful reactions include anxiety
and depressive states, or breaks with real-
ity which may last from a few days to
months.
 Physical Damages = In addition to those
diseases which accompany the use of unster-
ile syringes and contaminated drugs may
cause certain medical problems. Such as:
 Liver and Kidney Damage due to large
dosage;
 Neglect personal hygiene;
 Kidney failure;
 Hepatitis;
 Drastic weight loss; and
 Vitamin deficiencies
 What can a person do to prevent drug
abuse?
 Understand your own self. Accept and respect
yourself for what you are.
 Develop your potentials. Engage in wholesome,
productive and fulfilling activities. (make yourself
busy)
 Maintain good physical and mental health.
 Use drugs properly.
 Develop strong moral and spiritual foundation.
 Learn to cope with your problems and other
stresses without the use of drugs.
 Learn to relate effectively to whom you can com-
municate your problems freely.
 Seek professional help if you feel you cannot cope
with your problems.
“WHAT WE ARE IS GOD’S GIFT
TO US.
WHAT WE BECOME IS OUR GIFT
TO GOD”
 CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE -
The Controlled Substance Act of
1970 separates drugs that maybe
abused into five Categories (Sched-
ule) based on the use and biological
effects of the drugs.
 Controlled Substance
 Schedule 1 – Almost all the drugs in this
schedule are illegal. All have a high potential
for dependence and abuse, and it is illegal to
have them in your possession. Ex. Heroin,
Mj

 Schedule 2 – These drugs are highly addic-

tive but, despite the risk, they remain in med-
ical use because no satisfactory non-addic-
tive alternative medication is available. Ex.
Cocaine, AMP, morphine and barbiturates.
 Schedule 3 – this schedule includes drugs
that have some potential for abuse or de-
pendence. Ex. Acetaminophen or aspirin
with codeine and some appetite suppres-
sants.
 Schedule 4 – These drugs are considered
less likely to cause dependence or to be
abused as much as the drugs in Schedule
3.
Ex. Diazepam, Chloral Hydrate, Phenobar-
bital
 Schedule 5 – These drugs are in-
cluded in the regulations because
they contain small amounts of nar-
cotics and are least likely to be
abused. Ex. Some anti diarrhea med-
ications and cough medicines.
 Types of dangerous Drugs
 Depressants- Also known as “downers”, are
drugs which act on and depresses the central
nervous system causing initial relaxation lead-
ing to drowsiness and sleep. Used of downers
results to impairment of judgment, hearing,
speech and muscle coordination. They dull the
minds, slow down the body reaction to such ex-
tend that accidental deaths and suicides usually
happen. E.g. Barbiturates, tranquilizers, alcohol.
Depressants
 Types of depressants
 Narcotics- The term narcotic basically refers
to drugs that produces a depressant effect
on the CNS. Medically they are potent pain
killers, cough suppressant and active com-
ponent of anti-diarrhea preparations. Nar-
cotics relieves pain by acting on specific
structures, called receptors, located on the
nerve cells of the spinal cord or brain. The
usual method of administering these drugs
into the body is by injecting, ingestion or in-
halation. E.g. Opium and its derivatives such
as Morphine, Codeine and Heroin.
 Opium- Refers to the flowering plant of
the species papaver somniferum. It is
derived from the oriental poppy plant
which is grown in Asia and can also be
found in other areas such as Mexico.
The plant is usually 3 or 4 feet high, raw
opium is dark brown in color and is bit-
ter in taste. A number of alkaloids are
derived from this substance, the most
of which are morphine, heroin, and
codeine. The plant displays a beautiful
flower that ranges in color from white
to purple.
 Morphine- It is the most important
alkaloids and constitutes about 10
% of the use raw opium. It is con-
verted from raw opium through a
relatively simple boiling and filter-
ing process. One of the most sig-
nificant development in history
took place in the early 19th century,
when Friedrich Serturner, a Ger-
man scientist isolated morphine
from opium.
 Heroin- It is the most commonly
abused narcotic in the world. To pro-
duce heroin, the chemist takes an
equal amount of morphine and acetic
anhydride and heats them together
for six hours. It was discovered by
Alder Wright (1896), a British chemist.
It promised to cure addiction from
opium and morphine. It is a white,
odorless, crystalline powder with a
very bitter taste.
 Cont.

 Codeine- Also known as Methylmorphine.

It is similar to morphine , but its effect is
weaker in intensity. Cough preparations
generally contain one grain of codeine per
fluid ounce. It is also available in tablet or
powder form. It was isolated from mor-
phine in the year 1832.
 Cont.

 Methadone- a synthetic narcotic used as

treatment of heroin dependence but also
fallen to abused. Other than methadone,
other most commonly known synthetic
opiate substitute are meperidine (demerol)
and darvon.
 Effects of Narcotics

 Produced a short lived feeling of pleasure, eu-

phoria and a positive sense of well being known
as “thrill”, “rush”, or “high”.
 Constrict pupil of the eye causing difficulty in vi-
sion
 On a large dose, it causes nausea, vomiting,
and difficulty in breathing
 It induces sleep with a slow, shallow respiration
 Overdose cause convulsion, followed by cessa-
tion of respiration leading to death
 Stimulants
 Drugs which induce alertness, wake-
fulness, elevated mood, increased
speech, mental and motor activity, re-
lieve fatigue or boredom and de-
creased appetite. E.g. Shabu, Co-
caine, Ecstasy
 Cocaine- The drug taken from the
coca bush plant. (Ertyroxylon coca)
which usually grows in South Amer-
ica. Cocaine, in its pure form, is also
white and made up of shiny, colorless
crystal and understably called “s-
now” in the junkie jargon. It is one of
the strongest short acting stimulants.
 Cont.

 Amphetamines- usually prescribed to reduce ap-

petite and to relieve minor cases of mental depres-
sion. This drug is representative of a broad class of
stimulants known as “pep pills”. The most common
and widely used preparations of the drug are
methamphetamine, amphetamine sulfate, dex-
troamphetamine, which are known and sold under
such trade names as Benzedrine, and Dexedrine.
These drugs achieve their effect by increasing the
amount and activity of the neurotransmitter (nora-
drenaline) within the brain thus causing psychic ef-
fects.
 Cont.

 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine - (MDMA)- It is
commonly known as “Ecstasy” It is a white, yellow
or brown in color with a bitter taste and comes in the
form of either a tablet, capsule or powder. Its tablet
form comes in various designs and shapes hence it
is dubbed as “designer drugs”. It was first became
popular in the US as recreational drug, followed
later by European and eventually gained popularity
in other parts of the world including in the Philip-
pines. Owing to its expensiveness, most abusers
are categorized among the elites, yuppies (young
urban professionals) and nocturnal party goers.
 Cont.

 Methamphetamine hydrochloride-
Commonly known as “shabu”. It is a
white odorless and crystalline powder with
bitter taste. It is popularly known as poor
man’s cocaine. It is considered as the
most abused stimulants in the Philippines.
At present, this chemical has no known
medically acceptable use.
 Effects of Stimulants
(Amphetamines)
 Causes irritability, restlessness, hyperactivity, anxiety
etc.
 Impairs judgment and causes deep depression and
physical exhaustion after single dose of moderate
strength wears off
 Causes undesirable, acute psychotic consequences
such as suspiciousness, hostility, persecutory delusions,
violent and destructive behavior and recklessness
 Physiological effects like hypertension, chest pain, irregu-
lar heart rate, convulsion and cardiac arrest leading to
death.
 Hallucinogens
 more popularly known as psychedelics, is a group of
natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs that produce re-
actions such as perceptual alterations and changes in
the state of consciousness. These drugs generally pro-
duced marked distortion of the senses and alter the way
time is perceived by the user. They produce hallucina-
tions or visions, hence the name. Chronic use lead to
bizarre and anti-social thoughts as well as to disorienta-
tion and confusion. These drugs work by exciting the
CNS and inhibiting the flow of serotonin, an important
neurotransmitter in the brain.
 Common Types of Hallucinogens
 Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)- a com-
pound produced from lysergic acid, a crys-
talline substance derived from the fungus
claviceps purpurea which infects wheat.
It was discovered by Dr. Albert Hoffman
while working in a Swiss Pharmaceutical
company. Known on the street as “acid”, it
is the best known and most potent hallu-
cinogens.
 Cont.

 Mescaline- aka STP which stands for

serenity- tranquility- peace- a drug derived
from the dried tops of the peyote cactus,
a small cactus native to Mexico.
 Psilocybin- hallucinogenic compound ob-
tained in mushroom, psilocybe mexicana.
 Cont.

 Phencyclidine (PCP)- considered as a

menace and highly dangerous drug be-
cause it can be easily synthesized, this
drug has no medical purpose for humans
but it is occasionally used by veterinarians
as an anesthetic and sedative for animals.
It is popularly known as angel dust.
 Cont.

 Marijuana (Cannabis Sativa)- Marijuana is a

Mexican term meaning pleasurable feeling. It is
a mixed preparation of the flowering tops,
leaves, seeds, and stem of the hemp plant. The
plant may grow from 3 to 10 ft high. The flower-
ing tops of both male and female plant produce
a sticky resin which contains Tetrahydro-
cannabinol or THC. It is known as the world
oldest cultivated drugs used by the incas of
Peru.
 Effects of Marijuana
 Faster hear beat and pulse rate
 Blood shot eye
 Dry mouth and throat
 Altered sense of time or disorientation
 Forgetfulness and inability to think
 Impaired reflexes/ coordination
 Acute panic – anxiety reaction- extreme fear of
losing control
Analysis and Unknown
(solid/liquid)
Identification
of Unknown
Physical Tests
Substances
Chemical Tests
TLC

Instrumentation (UV, IR,

GC/MS & Others)

Reporting

Sealing and Safekeeping of

evidence
 Physical Tests Chemical Tests
weight / volume Marquis Test – Amphetamines
Appearance: color, texture, odor, homo- Simon’s Test – Methamphetamines
geneity Chen-Kao’s Test- Ephedrine
pH Cobalt Thiocyanate Test- Ephedrine
Solubility HNO3 Test- Opium Alkaloids
microscopic Zwikker’s Test-Barbiturates
FBS Test- Marihuana
Micro-Diffusion Test-Volatile Substance
Field Test for Dangerous Drugs
 Marijuana- Duquenois- Levine test (Red)
 Shabu- Symone’s test (purple)
 LSD- Van urk test (Blue purple)
 Opium- Marquis Test (violet)
 Amphetamines- Marquis test ( red/ orange)
 Barbiturates- Dilli Koppanyi/ Zwikkers test (vio-
let/ blue)
 Cocaine- Cobalt thiocynate (blue)
 National Drug Situation
 As early as 1996, the United Nation has noted the ris-
ing popularity of amphetamine- type stimulants (ATS)
among drug users, and termed ATS as the “Drugs of the
21st Century”. In its 2005 world drug report, The UN of-
fice on Drugs and crime reported that the largest num-
ber of methamphetamine clandestine laboratories dis-
mantled in East and south East Asia in 2003 was
recorded by the Philippines. In a survey conducted by
the DDB in 1999, there were around 1.8 million regular
users and 1.6 million occasional users of Dangerous
drugs in the country. In 2004, the country’s rehabilitation
centers reported 5, 787 admissions reflecting a de-
creased of 32% compared with 7, 113 admission in the
previous year. Statistics from these rehabilitation centers
show the following trends:
 1. majority of patients are in the 20- 29 age group
 The ratio of male users to female is 9:1
 Shabu is the most popular drug of choice, abused by
84% of patients
 The Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
 For thirty years, RA 6425, otherwise known as
the Dangerous Drug Act of 1972, had been the
backbone of the Philippine drug Law enforce-
ment system. Recognizing the need to
strengthen or replaced the existing anti- drug
laws, Pres. Gloria Arroyo signed RA 9165 or
the Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of
2002, on June 7, 2002 and it took effect on
July 4, 2002. The new anti- drug law defines
more concrete course of action for the national
anti- drug campaign and imposes heavier
penalties on offenders.
 Cont.
 The enactment of RA 9165 as reorganized the
Philippine Drug Law Enforcement System. While
the DDB remains as the policy making body, it
created the PDEA under the office of the Pres.
The new law also abolished the National Drug
Law Enforcement and Prevention Coordinating
Center, PNP Nargrp, NBI narcotics unit, and the
customs interdiction office. Personnel of these
abolished agencies were to continue to perform
their tasks on detail service with the PDEA sub-
ject to a rigid screening process.
 Cont.

 The PDEA was officially activated on

July 30, 2002 when the Pres. Appointed
its first director Gen, Undersec.
Anselmo Avenido Jr. One year after the
creation of the PDEA, the Pres. Issued
E.O. 218 on June 18, 2003 to strengthen
the support mechanism for the PDEA as
the lead agency in the campaign against
illegal drugs. The PNP organized the PNP
AIDSOTF, NBI Anti- drug task force.
 Definition of Terms
 Administer = Any act of introducing any
dangerous drugs into the body of any per-
son, with or without his/her knowledge, by
injection, inhalation, ingestion or other
means, or of committing any act of indis-
pensable assistance to a person in admin-
istering a dangerous drug to himself/her-
self unless administered by any duly li-
censed practitioner for purposes of medi-
cation.
 Use. – Any act of injecting, intravenously or in-
tramuscularly, of consuming, either by chew-
ing, smoking, sniffing, eating, swallowing,
drinking or otherwise introducing into the phys-
iological system of the body, and of the dan-
gerous drugs.
 Deliver. – Any act of knowingly passing a
dangerous drug to another, personally or oth-
erwise, and by any means, with or without
consideration.
 Dispense. – Any act of giving away, selling or
distributing medicine or any dangerous drug
with or without the use of prescription.
 Sell. – Any act of giving away any dangerous drug
and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical
whether for money or any other consideration.
 Trading. – Transactions involving the illegal traffick-
ing of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors
and essential chemicals using electronic devices
such as, but not limited to, text messages, email,
mobile or landlines, two-way radios, internet, instant
messengers and chat rooms or acting as a broker in
any of such transactions whether for money or any
other consideration in violation of this Act.
 Pusher. – Any person who sells, trades, adminis-
ters, dispenses, delivers or gives away to another,
on any terms whatsoever, or distributes, dispatches
in transit or transports dangerous drugs or who acts
as a broker in any of such transactions, in violation
of this Act.
 Protector/Coddler. – Any person who knowingly and
willfully consents to the unlawful acts provided for in
this Act and uses his/her influence, power or posi-
tion in shielding, harboring, screening or facilitating
the escape of any person he/she knows, or has
reasonable grounds to believe on or suspects, has
violated the provisions of this Act in order to prevent
the arrest, prosecution and conviction of the viola-
tor.
 Screening Test. – A rapid test performed to
establish potential/presumptive positive re-
sult.
 Confirmatory Test. – An analytical test using a
device, tool or equipment with a different
chemical or physical principle that is more
specific which will validate and confirm the
result of the screening test.
 Chemical Diversion. – The sale, distribution,
supply or transport of legitimately imported,
in-transit, manufactured or procured con-
trolled precursors and essential chemicals, in
diluted, mixtures or in concentrated form, to
any person or entity engaged in the manufac-
ture of any dangerous drug, and shall include
packaging, repackaging, labeling, relabeling
or concealment of such transaction through
fraud, destruction of documents, fraudulent
use of permits, misdeclaration, use of front
companies or mail fraud.
 Clandestine Laboratory. – Any facility used for
the illegal manufacture of any dangerous drug
and/or controlled precursor and essential
chemical.
 Confirmatory Test. – An analytical test using a
device, tool or equipment with a different
chemical or physical principle that is more
specific which will validate and confirm the re-
sult of the screening test.
 Republic Act 9165
 Some Pertinent Provisions of Comprehen-
sive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002
 Section 4. Importation of Dangerous
Drugs
 Penalty-
 life imprisonment and fine ranging from
Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00)
Importation of any controlled precursor and
essential chemical
 Penalty-
 imprisonment ranging from twelve (12)
years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years
and a fine ranging from One hundred
thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five
hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00)
Maximum penalty for the following:
 import or bring into the Philippines any danger-
ous drug and/or controlled precursor and essen-
tial chemical through the use of a diplomatic
passport, diplomatic facilities or any other
means involving his/her official status intended
to facilitate the unlawful entry of the same.
 organizes, manages or acts as a "financier" of
any of the illegal activities
Sec 4"protector/coddler" of any violator of
the provisions under this Section.

 penalty -
 twelve (12) years and one (1) day to
twenty (20) years of imprisonment and a
fine ranging from One hundred thousand
pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred
thousand pesos (P500,000.00)
 Section 5. Sale, Trading, Administration,
Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution and
Transportation of Dangerous Drugs
 Penalty-
 life imprisonment and fine ranging from
Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00)
 Section 5. Sale, Trading, Administration,
Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution and
Transportation of Controlled precursors and
essential chemicals
 penalty –
 imprisonment ranging from twelve (12)
years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years
and a fine ranging from One hundred
thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five
hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00)
Sec 5. Maximum penalty for the fol-
lowing:
 transpires within one hundred (100) meters from
the school
 Used of minor or a mentally incapacitated indi-
vidual, or should a dangerous drug and/or a con-
trolled precursor and essential chemical involved
in any offense herein provided be the proximate
cause of death of a victim.
 Financier
 Section 6. Maintenance of a Den,
Dive or Resort involving dangerous
 penalty –
drugs
 life imprisonment and a fine ranging from Five hundred
thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00)
 The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12)
years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine
ranging from One hundred thousand pesos
(P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person or
group of persons who shall maintain a den, dive, or re-
sort where any controlled precursor and essential chem-
ical is used or sold in any form.
 Section 7 Employees and Visitors
of a Den, Dive or Resort
 12 years and 1 day to 20 years (100,000.00 to
500,000.00).
 (a) Any employee of a den, dive or resort, who is
aware of the nature of the place as such; and
 (b) Any person who, not being included in the pro-
visions of the next preceding, paragraph, is aware
of the nature of the place as such and shall know-
ingly visit the same
 Section 8. Manufacture of Dan-
gerous Drugs and/or Controlled
Precursors and Essential Chemi-
calsof Dangerous drugs- life
 Penalty for Manufacture
imprisonment and a fine ranging from Five hun-
dred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten mil-
lion pesos (P10,000,000.00)
 Penalty for manufacture any controlled precur-
sor and essential chemical - The penalty of im-
prisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and
one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine rang-
ing from One hundred thousand pesos
(P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00)
 Note:
 The presence of any controlled precursor
and essential chemical or laboratory
equipment in the clandestine laboratory is
a prima facie proof of manufacture of any
dangerous drug.
 aggravating circumstance if the clandestine
laboratory is established under the following
circumstances:
 conducted in the presence or with the help of
minor/s:
 established within one hundred (100) meters of
a residential, business, church or school
premises
 secured or protected with booby traps
 concealed with legitimate business operations
 employment of a practitioner, chemical engineer,
public official or foreigner
Art 9 –Illegal Chemical Diversion of Controlled
precursors and Essential Chemicals
 The penalty of imprisonment ranging from
twelve (12) years and one (1) day to
twenty (20) years and a fine ranging from
One hundred thousand pesos
(P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand
pesos (P500,000.00) shall be imposed
upon any person, who, unless authorized
by law, shall illegally divert any controlled
precursor and essential chemical.
 Section 10. Manufacture or Delivery of
Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus, and Other
Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs and/or
Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemi-
cals.
 Sec 11. Possession of Dangerous Drugs
 Possession of Dangerous Drugs regard-
less of purity- penalty provided life impris-
onment and a fine ranging from Five hun-
dred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten
million pesos (P10,000,000.00)
 10 grams or more of opium, morphine,
heroin, cocaine/ cocaine hydrochloride,
marijuana resin or oil, LSD, GHB, MDMA,
 50 grams or more of shabu
 500 grams or more of marijuana
 Cont. Sec 11
 Penalty-Life imprisonment and fine ranging
from Php 400,000.00 to Php 500,000.00
 If the quantity of shabu is ten (10) grams but not
more than 50 grams
 Penalty- Imprisonment of 20 years and 1 day to
life imprisonment and fine ranging from Php
400,000.00 to Php 500,000.00
 If 5 grams or more but less than 10 grams of
any Dangerous Drugs
 300 grams or more of marijuana but less than
500 grams
 Cont. Sec 11
 Penalty- imprisonment of 12 years and 1
day to 20 years and a fine ranging from
Php 300,000.00 to Php 400,000.00
 If the quantity of dangerous drugs are less
than 5 grams.
 If the quantity of Marijuana is less than
300 grams.
 Section 12. Possession of Equipment, in-
strument, apparatus and other paraphernalia
for dangerous drugs

 Penalty-imprisonment ranging from six (6) months and

one (1) day to four (4) years and a fine ranging from Ten
thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos
(P50,000.00)
 The possession of such equipment, instrument, appara-
tus and other paraphernalia fit or intended for any of the
purposes enumerated in the preceding paragraph shall
be prima facie evidence that the possessor has smoked,
consumed, administered to himself/herself, injected, in-
gested or used a dangerous drug and shall be presumed
to have violated Section 15 of this Act.
 Section 13. Possession of Dangerous Drugs During Parties,
Social Gatherings or Meetings. – Any person found possess-
ing any dangerous drug during a party, or at a social gather-
ing or meeting, or in the proximate company of at least two
(2) persons, shall suffer the maximum penalties provided for
in Section 11 of this Act, regardless of the quantity and purity
of such dangerous drugs.
 Section 14. Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus
and Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs During Par-
ties, Social Gatherings or Meetings. - The maximum penalty
provided for in Section 12 of this Act shall be imposed upon
any person, who shall possess or have under his/her control
any equipment, instrument, apparatus and other parapherna-
lia fit or intended for smoking, consuming, administering, in-
jecting, ingesting, or introducing any dangerous drug into the
body, during parties, social gatherings or meetings, or in the
proximate company of at least two (2) persons.
 Sec 15. Use of Dangerous
Drugs
 Penalty-
 A person apprehended or arrested, who is
found to be positive for use of any danger-
ous drug, after a confirmatory test, shall be
imposed a penalty of a minimum of six (6)
months rehabilitation in a government cen-
ter for the first offense
 Cont Sec 15
 If apprehended using any dangerous drug for the second
time, he/she shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment
ranging from six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12)
years and a fine ranging from Fifty thousand pesos
(P50,000.00) to Two hundred thousand pesos
(P200,000.00): Provided, That this Section shall not be
applicable where the person tested is also found to have
in his/her possession such quantity of any dangerous
drug provided for under Section 11 of this Act, in which
case the provisions stated therein shall apply.
 Sec 16. Cultivation of plants classified
as source of dangerous drugs

 Penalty-
 Life imprisonment and fine ranging from
Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00)
 Section 17. Maintenance and Keeping of Original Records of
Transactions on Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precur-
sors and Essential Chemicals. - The penalty of imprisonment
ranging from one (1) year and one (1) day to six (6) years
and a fine ranging from Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to
Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) shall be imposed upon
any practitioner, manufacturer, wholesaler, importer, distribu-
tor, dealer or retailer who violates or fails to comply with the
maintenance and keeping of the original records of transac-
tions on any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and
essential chemical in accordance with Section 40 of this Act.
 An additional penalty shall be imposed through the revoca-
tion of the license to practice his/her profession, in case of a
practitioner, or of the business, in case of a manufacturer,
seller, importer, distributor, dealer or retailer.
 Section 18. Unnecessary Prescription of Dangerous
Drugs. – The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve
(12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine
ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to
Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) and the addi-
tional penalty of the revocation of his/her license to practice
shall be imposed upon the practitioner, who shall prescribe
any dangerous drug to any person whose physical or physio-
logical condition does not require the use or in the dosage
prescribed therein, as determined by the Board in consulta-
tion with recognized competent experts who are authorized
representatives of professional organizations of practitioners,
particularly those who are involved in the care of persons
with severe pain.
 Section 19. Unlawful Prescription of Dangerous Drugs. –
The penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging
from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten mil-
lion pesos (P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed upon any per-
son, who, unless authorized by law, shall make or issue a
prescription or any other writing purporting to be a prescrip-
tion for any dangerous drug.
 Section 20. Confiscation and Forfeiture of the Proceeds or
Instruments of the Unlawful Act, Including the Properties or
Proceeds Derived from the Illegal Trafficking of Dangerous
Drugs and/or Precursors and Essential Chemicals. – Every
penalty imposed for the unlawful importation, sale, trading,
administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution, transporta-
tion or manufacture of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical, the cultivation or culture of
plants which are sources of dangerous drugs, and the pos-
session of any equipment, instrument, apparatus and other
paraphernalia for dangerous drugs including other laboratory
equipment, shall carry with it the confiscation and forfeiture,
in favor of the government, of all the proceeds and properties
derived from the unlawful act, including, but not limited to,
money and other assets obtained thereby, and the instru-
ments or tools with which the particular unlawful act was
committed, unless they are the property of a third person not
liable for the unlawful act, but those which are not of lawful
commerce shall be ordered destroyed without delay pursuant
to the provisions of Section 21 of this Act.
 After conviction in the Regional Trial Court in the
appropriate criminal case filed, the Court shall im-
mediately schedule a hearing for the confiscation
and forfeiture of all the proceeds of the offense and
all the assets and properties of the accused either
owned or held by him or in the name of some other
persons if the same shall be found to be manifestly
out of proportion to his/her lawful income: Provided,
however, That if the forfeited property is a vehicle,
the same shall be auctioned off not later than five (5)
days upon order of confiscation or forfeiture.
 During the pendency of the case in the Regional
Trial Court, no property, or income derived there-
from, which may be confiscated and forfeited, shall
be disposed, alienated or transferred and the same
shall be in custodia legis and no bond shall be ad-
mitted for the release of the same.
 The proceeds of any sale or disposition of any
property confiscated or forfeited under this
Section shall be used to pay all proper ex-
penses incurred in the proceedings for the
confiscation, forfeiture, custody and mainte-
nance of the property pending disposition, as
well as expenses for publication and court
costs. The proceeds in excess of the above
expenses shall accrue to the Board to be
used in its campaign against illegal drugs.
 Section 21. Custody and Disposition of Confiscated,
Seized, and/or Surrendered Dangerous Drugs, Plant
Sources of Dangerous Drugs, Controlled Precursors and
Essential Chemicals, Instruments/Paraphernalia and/or
Laboratory Equipment

 The PDEA shall take charge and have

custody of all dangerous drugs, plant
sources of dangerous drugs, controlled
precursors and essential chemicals, as
well as instruments/paraphernalia and/or
laboratory equipment so confiscated,
seized and/or surrendered, for proper dis-
position in the following manner:
 Cont Sec 21
 The apprehending team having initial custody
and control of the drugs shall, immediately after
seizure and confiscation, physically inventory
and photograph the same in the presence of the
accused or the person/s from whom such items
were confiscated and/or seized, or his/her rep-
resentative or counsel, a representative from the
media and the Department of Justice (DOJ), and
any elected public official who shall be required
to sign the copies of the inventory and be given
a copy thereof;
 Cont Sec 21
 Within twenty-four (24) hours upon
confiscation/seizure of dangerous drugs, plant
sources of dangerous drugs, controlled precur-
sors and essential chemicals, as well as instru-
ments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory equip-
ment, the same shall be submitted to the PDEA
Forensic Laboratory for a qualitative and quanti-
tative examination;
 Cont Sec 21
 A certification of the forensic laboratory examina-
tion results, which shall be done under oath by
the forensic laboratory examiner, shall be issued
within twenty-four (24) hours after the receipt of
the subject item/s.
 That a final certification shall be issued on the
completed forensic laboratory examination on
the same within the next twenty-four (24) hours
 After the filing of the criminal case, the Court shall, within
seventy-two (72) hours, conduct an ocular inspection of
the confiscated, seized and/or surrendered dangerous
drugs, and controlled precursors and essential chemi-
cals, including the instruments/paraphernalia and/or lab-
oratory equipment, and through the PDEA shall:
 within twenty-four (24) hours thereafter proceed with the
destruction or burning of the same, in the presence of
the accused or the person/s from whom such items were
confiscated and/or seized, or his/her representative or
counsel, a representative from the media and the DOJ,
civil society groups and any elected public official
 Within 24 hrs upon confiscation – deliver to
the PDEA Forensic Laboratory
 Within 24 hrs after receipt – certification shall
be issued .
 If the volume of the drugs would make it im-
possible to be finish within 24 hrs, final certifi-
cation will be issued within another 24 hrs.
 Within 72 hrs after filing of the Criminal case
----- court shall conduct ocular inspection.
 Within 24 hours through the PDEA – proceed
to the destruction or burning of the same.
 Section 23. Plea-Bargaining Pro-
vision.
 – Any person charged under any provision
of this Act regardless of the imposable
penalty shall not be allowed to avail of the
provision on plea-bargaining .
 Section 25. Qualifying Aggravating Cir-
cumstances in the Commission of a Crime
by an Offender Under the Influence of
Dangerous Drugs
 Section 29. Criminal Liability for
Planting of Evidence
 . – Any person who is found guilty of
"planting" any dangerous drug and/or con-
trolled precursor and essential chemical,
regardless of quantity and purity, shall suf-
fer the maximum penalty.
Section 38. Laboratory Examination or Test
on Apprehended/Arrested Offenders
 any person apprehended or arrested for violat-
ing the this Act shall be subjected to screening
laboratory examination or test within twenty-four
(24) hours, if the apprehending or arresting offi-
cer has reasonable ground to believe that the
person apprehended or arrested, on account of
physical signs or symptoms or other visible or
outward manifestation, is under the influence of
dangerous drugs
 Cont Sec 38
 If found to be positive, the results of the screening labo-
ratory examination or test shall be challenged within fif-
teen (15) days after receipt of the result through a con-
firmatory test conducted in any accredited analytical lab-
oratory equipment with a gas chromatograph/mass spec-
trometry equipment or some such modern and accepted
method, if confirmed the same shall be prima facie evi-
dence that such person has used dangerous drugs,
which is without prejudice for the prosecution for other
violations of the provisions of this Act: Provided, That a
positive screening laboratory test must be confirmed for
it to be valid in a court of law
 Participation of the Family, Students,
Teachers and School Authorities in the
Enforcement of this Act
 The family being the basic unit of the Fil-
ipino society shall be primarily responsible
for the education and awareness of the
members of the family on the ill effects of
dangerous drugs and close monitoring of
family members who may be susceptible
to drug abuse.
 With the assistance of the Board, the Department of the
Interior and Local Government (DILG), shall establish in
each of its provincial office a special education drug cen-
ter for out-of-school youth and street children. Such Cen-
ter which shall be headed by the Provincial Social. Wel-
fare Development Officer shall sponsor drug prevention
programs and activities and information campaigns with
the end in view of educating the out-of-school youth and
street children regarding the pernicious effects of drug
abuse. The programs initiated by the Center shall like-
wise be adopted in all public and private orphanage and
existing special centers for street children.
 Promotion of a National Drug-Free Workplace Program With the Partic-
ipation of Private and Labor Sectors and the Department of Labor and
Employment

 It is deemed a policy of the State to promote drug-

free workplaces using a tripartite approach. With the
assistance of the Board, the Department of Labor
and Employment (DOLE) shall develop, promote and
implement a national drug abuse prevention pro-
gram in the workplace to be adopted by private
companies with ten (10) or more employees.
 Program for Treatment and Rehabilita-
tion of Drug Dependents
 A drug dependent or any person who violates Sec-
tion 15 of this Act may, by himself/herself or
through his/her parent, spouse, guardian or relative
within the fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity,
apply to the Board or for treatment and rehabilita-
tion of the drug dependency. The Board shall bring
forth the matter to the Court which shall order that
the applicant be examined for drug dependency. If
the examination by a DOH-accredited physician re-
sults in the issuance of a certification that the ap-
plicant is a drug dependent, he/she shall be ordered
by the Court to undergo treatment and rehabilita-
tion in a Center designated by the Board for a pe-
riod of not less than six (6) months
Temporary Release From the Center; After-
Care and Follow-Up Treatment Under the
Voluntary Submission Program.
 Upon certification of the Center that the drug
dependent within the voluntary submission pro-
gram may be temporarily released, the Court
shall order his/her release on condition that said
drug dependent shall report to the DOH for after-
care and follow-up treatment, including urine
testing, for a period not exceeding eighteen (18)
months under such terms and conditions that
the Court may impose.
 Dangerous Drug Test Re-
quirements
 The following shall undergo mandatory drug test-
ing:
 1. applicants for drivers license
 2. applicants for Firearms license & PTCFOR
 3. members of the PNP, AFP, & other LEA
 4. All person charged with criminal offense with
penalty of not less than 6 years.
 5. All candidates for public office national/ local
 Cont.
 The following shall undergo random drug
testing:

 1. students of secondary and tertiary

schools
 2. officers and employees of public & pri-
vate offices
 Dangerous Drug Board (DDB)

 The policy-making and strategy –formulat-

ing body in the planning and formulation of
policies and programs on drug prevention
and control. (under the Office of the Presi-
dent)
 It shall be composed of 17 members
wherein 3 of which are permanent mem-
bers, the other 12 members shall be ex-
officio capacity and 2 regular members.
 Three (3) Permanent members
 At least 7 years of training and experience in
the field of the ff: fields in law, medicine, crimi-
nology, psychology or social work.
 Appointed by the president.
 One will be designated as the Chairman with
the rank of Secretary (with the term of 6 years)
and the two other regular members as under-
secretary (one with 4 years term and the other
2 years but succeeding appointment will serve
six years and until their successors shall have
been duly appointed and qualified.
 12 ex- officio members
 Sec of the following Department
DOJ, DOH, DND, DOF, DOLE, DILG,
DSWD, DFA, DepEd,
 Chairman CHED, NYC
 Dir. Gen PDEA
 Two regular members
 President of Integrated Bar of the Philip-
pines
 Chairman or President of a non- govern-
ment organization involved in dangerous
drug campaign to be appointed by the
President.
 Cont.
 The Director of NBI and C, PNP shall be
the permanent consultant of the DDB.
 Meeting of the Board – once a week or as of-
ten as necessary at the discretion of the
Chairman or at the call of any four other
members. The presence of nine (9) members
shall constitute a quorum.

 Secretariat of the Board

 Executive Director (usec.)- act as Secretary of the
Board and administrative officer of its secretariat.
 Two (2) deputies executive directors ( for adminis-
tration and operations (Asst. Sec.) appointed by
the president upon recommendation of the Board.
 Organization of the Phil. Drug Enforcement
Agency (PDEA)
 ---- Implementing arm of the Board, and shall
be responsible for the efficient and effective
law enforcement of all the provisions on any
dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor
and essential chemicals as provided in this
act.
 Director General – the Head of the Agency, with
the rank of Undersecretary, who must posses ad-
equate knowledge and training and experience in
the field of dangerous drugs, and in any of the fol-
lowing fields: law enforcement, law, medicine,
criminology, psychology or social work.
 Two (2) Deputy Director General (Asst. Secretary)-
one for operation and one for administration
 Organization:
 National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention Coordi-
nating Center as created by E.O. 61 shall be accordingly
modified and absorbed by the PDEA.
SERVICES: Intelligence and Investigation, International Co-
operation and Foreign Affairs, Preventive Education and
Community Involvement, Plans and Operations, Compli-
ance, Legal and Prosecution, Administrative and Human
Resource, Financial Management, Logistic Management
and Internal Affairs.
It shall establish and maintain regional offices in the different
regions .
 The Academy shall be headed by a Superin-
tendent, with the rank of Director . He /she
shall be appointed by the PDEA Director
General.

 The Narcotics Group of the PNP, the Nar-

cotics Divisions of the NBI and the customs
narcotics Interdiction Unit are hereby abol-
ished.
 PDEA Academy – shall be established either
in Baguio or Tagaytay, and in such other
places as may be necessary.
 - responsible in the recruitment and training of all
PDEA agents and personnel
 Recruits must be at least 21 years of age, with
proven integrity and honesty and a Baccalaureate
degree holder.
 The graduates of the Academy shall later com-
prise the operating units of the PDEA after the
termination of the transition period of five years
during which all the intelligence network and
standard operating procedure of the PDEA has
been set up and operationalized.
Transfer, absorption and integration
of all operating unit into PDEA

 Note: personnel absorbed and on detail

service shall be given until 5 years to fi-
nally decide to join the PDEA.
 Jurisdiction over Dangerous Drug
cases
 The Supreme Court shall designate spe-
cial courts from among the existing RTC in
each judicial region to exclusively try and
hear cases involving violation of RA 9165.

 The DOJ shall designate special prosecu-

tors to exclusively handle cases involving
violation of RA 9165.
 Responsibility and liability of law en-
forcement agencies in testifying as Pros-
ecution Witness in Dangerous Drug
Cases
 Penalty- 12 years and 1 day to 20 years
and a fine of not less than Php 500,000.00
in addition to the administrative liability.

For any members of law enforcement

agency who, after due notice, fails or re-
fuses intentionally or negligently to appear
as a witness for prosecution.
 Delay & Bungling in the Prosecu-
tion of Drug Cases.
 Penalty- 12 years and 1 day to 20 years

 For any members of law enforcement

agency who, through patent laxity inex-
cusable neglect, unreasonable delay, or
deliberately causes the unsuccessful
prosecution and/ or dismissal of the said
drug cases.
 Jurisdiction over Dangerous Drug Cases:
 Supreme Court shall designate special courts
from among the existing Regional Trial Courts
(RTC) in each judicial region to exclusively try
and hear cases involving violations of this Act.

 Department of Justice shall designate a spe-

cial prosecutors to exclusively handle cases
involving violation of this Act.
 30 days = period within which preliminary in-
vestigation shall be made from the date of
their filing.

 Within 24 hours- investigating prosecutor shall

established the information to filed in court
from the termination of the investigation.

 60 days = period within which the trial of the

case shall be finished from the date of the fil-
ing of the information
 15 days from the date of submission of the
case for resolution decision shall be rendered.
 Section 91. Responsibility and Liability of Law Enforcement Agen-
cies and other Government Officials and Employees in Testifying
as Prosecution Witnesses in Dangerous Drugs Cases. – Any
member of law enforcement agencies or any other government of-
ficial and employee who, after due notice, fails or refuses inten-
tionally or negligently, to appear as a witness for the prosecution in
any proceedings, involving violations of this Act, without any valid
reason, shall be punished with imprisonment of not less than
twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine
of not less than Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), in
addition to the administrative liability he/she may be meted out by
his/her immediate superior and/or appropriate body.
 The immediate superior of the member of the law enforcement
agency or any other government employee mentioned in the pre-
ceding paragraph shall be penalized with imprisonment of not less
than two (2) months and one (1) day but not more than six (6)
years and a fine of not less than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00)
but not more than Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) and in addi-
tion, perpetual absolute disqualification from public office if despite
due notice to them and to the witness concerned, the former does
not exert reasonable effort to present the latter to the court.
 The member of the law enforcement agency or any other
government employee mentioned in the preceding para-
graphs shall not be transferred or re-assigned to any other
government office located in another territorial jurisdiction dur-
ing the pendency of the case in court. However, the con-
cerned member of the law enforcement agency or govern-
ment employee may be transferred or re-assigned for com-
pelling reasons: Provided, That his/her immediate superior
shall notify the court where the case is pending of the order
to transfer or re-assign, within twenty-four (24) hours from its
approval; Provided, further, That his/her immediate superior
shall be penalized with imprisonment of not less than two (2)
months and one (1) day but not more than six (6) years and a
fine of not less than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) but
not more than Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) and in addi-
tion, perpetual absolute disqualification from public office,
should he/she fail to notify the court of such order to transfer
or re-assign.
 Prosecution and punishment under this Section shall be
without prejudice to any liability for violation of any existing
law.
 Section 92. Delay and Bungling in the Prosecu-
tion of Drug Cases. – Any government officer or
employee tasked with the prosecution of drug-re-
lated cases under this act, who, through patent
laxity, inexcusable neglect, unreasonable delay
or deliberately causes the unsuccessful prosecu-
tion and/or dismissal of the said drug cases,
shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment ranging
from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty
(20) years without prejudice to his/her prosecu-
tion under the pertinent provisions of the Re-
vised Penal Code.
 prejudice to his/her prosecution under the pertinent pro-
visions of the Revised Penal Code.
 Section 93. Reclassification, Addition or Removal of Any
Drug from the List of Dangerous Drugs. – The Board
shall have the power to reclassify, add to or remove from
the list of dangerous drugs. Proceedings to reclassify,
add, or remove a drug or other substance may be initi-
ated by the PDEA, the DOH, or by petition from any in-
terested party, including the manufacturer of a drug, a
medical society or association, a pharmacy association,
a public interest group concerned with drug abuse, a na-
tional or local government agency, or an individual citi-
zen. When a petition is received by the Board, it shall
immediately begin its own investigation of the drug. The
PDEA also may begin an investigation of a drug at any
time based upon the information received from law en-
forcement laboratories, national and local law enforce-
ment and regulatory agencies, or other sources of infor-
mation.
 “Of every tree in the garden you may
FREELY EAT… but of the TREE OF
KNOWLEGDE of good and evil… THOU
SHALL NOT EAT of it; for in the day
that thou eat thereof you shall SURELY
DIE.”

 The Holy scriptures Genesis 2:16- 17

 Vices
 Vice is any immoral conduct or habit, the
indulgence of which leads to
 depravity, wickedness and corruption of the
minds and body.
 THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF VICES
 Alcoholism c. Prostitution
 Drug Addiction d. Gambling
 POLICE PROBLEMS IN VICE CONTROL
 Clandestine nature of the commission of
the acts.
 Lack of cooperation from players, cus-
tomers, and victims of vices,
 Enjoyment of goodwill by vice operators
 Public apathy and indifference
 Unwilling government officials to work
against vice existence
 Clandestine Operation = committed se-
cretly and behind closed doors
 Enjoyment of Goodwill by Vice Operators
– earned as a result of the past favors ex-
tended by the vice operators to the politi-
cians during the election campaign or help
to put up a business for the influential
businessmen.
 Alcoholism – is the state or condition of a person pro-
duced by drinking
 intoxicating liquors excessively and with habitual fre-
quency. (State vs. Savage, 89 Ala. 17 LBA 426, 7
South, Rep. 183). It is a condition wherein a person is
under the influence or intoxicated with alcohol. His
physical condition and behavior has been modified to a
certain extent by the effects of alcohol.
 Alcoholic Liquor – is any beverages or compound,
whether distilled, fermented, or otherwise, which will
produce intoxication or which contains in excess of one
percentum of alcohol and is used as a beverage. (S-
tate vs. Oliver, 133 S.C. 125, 130 S.S. Rep. 213).
 Drunkard – is a person who habitually takes or use any
intoxicating alcoholic liquor and while under the influence
of such, or in consequence of the effect thereof, is either
dangerous to himself or to others, or is a cause of harm
or serious annoyance to his family or his affair, or of or-
dinary proper conduct. He has lesser resistance to the
effect of alcohol.
 Chronic Alcoholics – person who, from the prolonged
and excessive use alcoholic beverages, finally develops
physical and psycho-changes and dependence to alco-
hol. The person consciously or unconsciously begins to
demand on alcohol’s narcotic effects for a “pick-up”, to
sleep at night, to feel “good”, to cope with business or
domestic problems, to enjoy social gatherings, to get
away from oneself, to repress inner urges or rebellion or
resentment, and to relieve distressing restlessness.
 Regulations on Liquor as to Time
 1. Section 679-d, Revised Ordinances of the City
of Manila provides that the selling , giving away, or oth-
erwise, disposal of any beverages or intoxicating liquors
shall be prohibited during the hours of 2:00 to 5:00
o’clock in the morning everyday including Sundays and
Holidays by bars, saloon, restaurants, and other drinking
places, except when the selling, giving away, or other-
wise disposal is done on a private dwelling.
 2. Section 52, Republic Act No. 180 (Revised
Election Code, as amended) Par. (2) provides “that it is
unlawful to sell, furnished, offer, or take intoxicating
liquors on any registration days and on the two days im-
mediately preceding the day of the voting and during the
voting and canvas”.
 Regulations on Liquor as to Place
 1. Section 1, Ordinance 4153 of the City of
Manila provides that “the serving of beer, liquor or
alcoholic beverages of any kind to public by sari-
sari stores or similar establishments is prohibited”.
 2. Section 2, (same Ordinances) provides that
“the drinking of beer, liquor, or alcoholic beverages
of any kind in sari-sari stores or similar establish-
ments not licenses as restaurant, panciteria,
carinderia, hotel or bar, as well as in the street, by
the sidewalk, in an alley, whether public or private,
and in any park, or plazas is hereby prohibited”.

 3. Section 679, par. (g), Revised Ordinances (City of Manila)
provides that “no license shall be granted for the sale of intox-
icating liquors in public markets, kiosks, booths, or stand sit-
uated in the public streets, or plazas, or to street vendors or
peddlers, or in any case, to an establishment located within a
radius of 200 meters from any institution of learning”.
 NOTE: The ordinance apply only to those establishment to
be opened in the future but not to those already existing be-
fore.

 Regulations on Liquor as to Persons

 1. section 821, Revised Ordinances, as amended by Or-
dinance No. 5052 (City of Manila) provides that “no person
shall be drunk or intoxicated, or behave in a drunken, boiste-
rious, rude, or indecent manner in any public place, or place,
or place open to public view, or be drunk or intoxicated, or
behave in a drunken, boisterious, rude or indecent manner in
any place or premises to the annoyance of another person”.
 2. Par. 4, Article 155, Revised Penal Code provides that
“it shall be unlawful for any person who, while intoxicated
xxxxxx cause any disturbance or scandal in public
places …. Xxx”.
 3. Par. (a), Section 838, Revised Ordinances (City of
Manila) provides that “the sale, giving away, or otherwise
disposing of any intoxicating liquors to any minor under
eighteen (18) years of age or any person in an intoxi-
cated condition is prohibited xxxxx except when the mi-
nor buys the liquor for some other person and not for
their own use”.
 Par. (c), provides that “it shall be unlawful for any person
under twenty one (21) years of age to drink alcoholic
beverages and intoxicating liquors in any saloon, bar,
inn, restaurant, café, or drinking places or any
 THE LEGAL CONCEPT OF INTOXICATION
AND CRIMINAL LIABILITY
 The Revised Penal Code of the Philippine (Art.
15) provides that intoxication is an
 alternative circumstance whenever present in
the commission of crimes. An alternative cir-
cumstance is one which must be taken into
consideration as either MITIGATING (Art. 13,
RPC) or AGGRAVATING (Art. 14, RPC) ac-
cording to the nature and effects of the crime
and their other conditions attending its com-
mission.
 KINDS OF INTOXICATION
 Involuntary – when a drunken person
does not know the intoxicating strength
of beverage he has taken.
 2. Intentional – when a person delib-
erately drinks liquor fully knowing its ef-
fects, either to obtain mitigation or to find
the liquor as stimulant to commit crime.
 3. Habitual – when the person finds
that drinking his a constant necessary
and the vice ultimately takes hold of him.
 VARIOUS DEGREE OF INTOXICATION
 Slight Inebriation – there is reddening of the
face. There is no sign of mental
 impairment, in coordination and difficulty of
speech.
 2. Moderate Inebriation – the person is ar-
gumentative and overconfident. There is slight
impairment of mental difficulties, difficulty of ar-
ticulation, loss of coordination of finer move-
ments. The face is flushed with digested eye-
ball. He is reckless and shows motor in coordi-
nation. The person maybe certified by the doctor
as being under the influence of liquor.
 3. Drunk – the mind is confused, be-
havior is irregular and the movement is
uncontrolled. The speech us thick and in
coordinated. The behavior is uncontrol-
lable.
 4. Very drunk – the mind is confused
and disoriented. There is difficulty in
speech and marked motor incoordination
and often walking is impossible.
 5. Coma – the subject is stuperous or
in comatous condition. Sometimes it is dif-
ficult to differentiate this condition with
other conditions having coma.
 Alcohol has its maximum period of absorp-
tion from 30 to 60 minutes after ingestion
and it is absorbed in the stomach and in the
intestines. Technically, if alcohol is only in-
side the stomach and intestine and not yet
absorbed, it is practically outside of the
body because it cannot produce its physio-
logic and neurological effects.
 THE BLOOD-ALCOHOL TEST
 This test is the most widely accepted and direct
method of determining the concentration of alcohol
in the blood. This is done by physician, nurse or
competent technician upon request of the police in-
vestigator. The following are the present two pre-
sumptive standards relating to the interpretation of
blood alcohol contents:
 If there is 0.05 percent or less by weight of alcohol
in a person’s blood, it shall be presumed that he is
not under the influence of intoxicating liquor.
 If there is 0.15 percent or more by weight of alco-
hol in a person’s blood, it shall be presumed that
he is under the influence of intoxicating liquor.
 The Urine-Alcohol Test:
 Urine examination to determine blood alcohol
contents gives an acceptable result to the court
although the use of this chemical test is not yet
widespread in our jurisdiction. Sample of urine
must not be taken at one time only because uri-
nary excretion of alcohol varies with time. Ex-
cretion is less during the early stage of absorp-
tion and may be more than that in the blood dur-
ing the later stage.
 The Three Methods of Therapy (Treatment)
on Alcoholism:
 Aversion Treatment ( used of certain
medicine that would give an adverse
taste with alcoholic beverage)
 Psychotherapy method ( Making the
person understand the cause of his al-
coholism through counseling)
 Program of Alcoholics Anonymous
(Treatment through socialization/peer gathering
with co-alcoholics)
 Clinical evidence of drunkenness or
alcoholism
 Clothing – it is untidy, stained and smell of al-
cohol
 General appearance – bloodshot eyes, red
face, groggy stance coordination is lost.
 Breath – with varying degree of alcoholic odors
 Speech content – incoherent, sarcastic, hostile
attitude
 Eyes – dilated pupils, glassy appearance
 Mentality – lack orientation, clarity of thought,
euphoria, excitement, depression, treamor
 Physical test for drunkenness
romberg’s test
 Let the subject stand straight and heels
together and with closed eyes for at least
one minutes.
 Let the subject stand straight with one foot
ahead of the other so that the toes foot
touches the heel of another.
 Let the subject seat comfortably and get
sample of his handwriting
 Let the subject bend down and pick up a
small object from the floor.
 Let the subject go forward to a corner of a
room and rapidly turn quickly without stop-
ping.
 let him pronounced distinctly the words
like “truly rural” and not whether there is
slurring of speech, especially in pronounc-
ing some consonants.
 PROSTITUTION
 Is an act or practice of a woman who en-
gaged or habitually in sexual intercourse
for money and profit.

 Prostitute – a woman who engaged in dis-

criminate sexual intercourse or acts with
male for hire.
 Pimp – one who provide gratification for
the lust of others.
 Operator or maintainer – one who owns or
manages houses of ill-repute where busi-
ness of prostitution is conducted some
times they called as “madame or mama
san”
 White slavery – the procurement and
transportation of woman cross satelites for
immoral purposes.
 Two basic principles why prostitutes
must be suppressed

Prevent and control venereal disease

Prevent organized crime
 Types of prostitutes on basis of
operation
 Call girls – this are the part time prostitutes. They
have their legitimate work but work as a prostitutes
to supplement their income.
 Hustler – this is a professional type of prostitutes.
“pick up” or “street walker”.
 Door knocker – this is the occasional or selective
type of prostitutes. She is usually new comer to the
business.
 Factory girls – are the real professional type of
prostitutes. She works in regular houses of prostitu-
tion or brothels.
 Gambling
 It is a game or scheme the result of which
depend wholly or chiefly upon chance or
hazard.
 Chance or hazard – is the uncertainty of
the result of the game or when the out-
come of the game is incapable of calcula-
tion of human reasons, foresight, sagacity
or design.
 END

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