Equivalent Sections / .

-
1 5 3

STEP 1:

Fy
As - 40 % Aco
Each member is labeled as to the type of load As = %. 2 ive
ing to which it is subject , Figure 2 .

- - - - -Card
POYAU
APPLIED FORCE
-
ENSION Is = 40 % Io
Is 3 .60 in
LJS =40 % JC,
js =. 62 IN

Is = 90 % Ic ,
Is = . 268 ing
BENDING TORSION
FIGURE 4

ure 5 represents just one solution . This welded

COMPRESSION steel design of equivalent rigidity resulted in 60 %
LONG COLUMN less weight and 45 % less cost than the cast iron
design it replaced .
FIGURE 2
APPLIED
x 25 FLAT BAR FORCE
STEP 2: A . 1. 25 ina

From each cast iron member , a cross - section

is chosen which represents the member . Then , by
consulting Table 1 , the necessary property of each
section is determined . The values of these pro
perties , when computed , tell how well each cast
AO
STO PIPE
Figure

L
its

.
member does job
62
,

3
.

in
y
.
s

.
.

lcze

BAR
APPLIED FORCE

O
FLAT
11N

65 int

10
AREA ACI

.
3
-
.

FIGURE
5
o

MOMENT OF INERTIA USE OF NOMOGRAPHS

OF

MERDA
3
.

MOMENT
Ici int
=
1,

OF
5

POLAR type
of

MOMENT Bases constitute member common

of to
L

every class machinery Thus the redesign

IN

of

INERTIA JCI
=
1
6

,
.

simple base can serve example

as
an

of
how
a

nomographs are used applying the Equivalent

in
in OF

MOMENT INERTIA
Section concept
Ic 67
.
=

?
,

The original cast base Figure 60 long

is
,

of 6,

"

wide deep made ASTM Class

30

is

FIGURE
It
6
x

.
"

"
3

STEP
3
:

properties the gray iron sections are

of

These
multiplied by the equivalent factors from Table
1
.

required property value for

of

The result this

is
a

each steel section Figure Any steel member

,

4
.

having this required property will

do

the same job

as well as the corresponding gray iron member
.

Final Design
:

the required properties sec

of

From the steel

tions several steel designs are considered Fig FIGURE
,

6
.