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A.P. Human Geography

Reading Review Questions (P. 304-308)

Directions: On a separate sheet of paper, answer each question as completely as
possible. Use complete sentences.
1. Explain the site and situation of Santa Fe Springs, CA.
Santa Fe Springs is located at the coordinates, 33°56′15″N 118°04′02″W. The city
is in Los Angeles County in California. It borders the cities of Norwalk, Downey,
Pico Rivera, Cerritos, Whittier, and La Mirada.
2. Discuss the components of a trade area.
A trade area is a region where the influence of a town or city is dominant. People
from the region go to the dominant city to shop. A trade area includes a city and
all its surrounding towns and villages.
3. Find the population of the following four cities and rank them by population:
Yorba Linda, Fullerton, Anaheim, and Placentia. To what extent do these cities
follow the rank-size rule?
Anaheim has a population of 345,940. Fullerton has a population of 141,874.
Yorba Linda has a population of 67,989. Placentia has a population of 51,274. (All
of this is 2021 data.) These cities do not follow the rank-size rule, rather, Anaheim
is the primate city.
4. Explain the five prerequisites for the application of Walter Christaller’s central
place theory that developed in the 1930s.
One prerequisite was that the region would be flat and have no physical barriers.
Another was that soil fertility is the same everywhere. The third prerequisite was
that the population and purchasing power would be evenly distributed. Also, the
region would have a uniform transportation network. Finally, from any given
place, a good, or service could be sold in all directions out to a certain distance.
5. Describe the research method that Christaller applied to this model region in his
1933 study.
Christaller first applied 5 prerequisites before beginning his research. Using these
5 prerequisites, he studied the sale of goods and services in each city and
calculated the distance people would willingly travel to obtain those goods to find
out the location of each central place. He then calculated the ideal central place
system and compared it to his model, which was composed of a system of
hexagons.
6. Discuss the role of monopolies in the relationship between hinterlands and central
places. [The definition of hinterland is provided in the textbook’s glossary.]
The central place of a region has a monopoly over the towns in that region on the
sale of certain goods. This is due to the fact that people would rather go to the
closest city to buy a certain good. For example, people in a town would rather go
 to buy something in a city 5 miles away rather than buy the same thing in a city 8
miles away.
7. Identify the factors that have contributed to the “Sunbelt phenomenon” of rapidly
growing urban regions in the South and Southwest.
People have helped to grow these urban regions because of their social security
funds, contributing towards their retirement plans. People have helped to grow
these urban regions because these regions were boosted by the government with
federal spending on military, space, and research facilities.
8. Identify the cities at the primary and secondary levels of the “Sunbelt
phenomenon.”
The cities at the primary levels of the “Sunbelt phenomenon” are Atlanta, Dallas,
and Phoenix. The cities at the secondary levels of the “Sunbelt phenomenon” are
Charlotte, Tampa, San Antonio, and Tucson.

(We were allowed to work together on this by Ms. Centeno. David Gutierrez
Jimenez and I worked together.)