ASSIGNMENT 4

Group members Bilal Ahmad (SP20-BSE-023)

ATTA ALI (Sp20-bse-019)

Class BSE 6A

Course Human computer interaction

Q1.
Task Analysis

Task analysis is the process of learning about ordinary users by observing them in action to
understand in detail how they perform their tasks and achieve their intended goals. Tasks
analysis helps identify the tasks that your website and applications must support and can also
help you refine or re-define your site’s navigation or search by determining the appropriate
content scope.

Purpose of Task Analysis

 What your users’ goals are; what they are trying to achieve
 What users do to achieve those goals
 What experiences (personal, social, and cultural) users bring to the tasks
 How users are influenced by their physical environment
 How users’ previous knowledge and experience influence:
o How they think about their work
o The workflow they follow to perform their tasks

Q2. METHODS OF PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION

In primary data collection, you collect the data yourself using qualitative and quantitative
methods. The key point here is that the data you collect is unique to you and your research and,
until you publish, no one else has access to it. There are many methods of collecting primary
data.

1. Interviews
A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and other
prompts for the purpose of gathering information from respondents. Although they are
often designed for statistical analysis of the responses, this is not always the case.
Questionnaires have advantages over some other types of surveys in that they are cheap,
do not require as much effort from the questioner as verbal or telephone surveys, and
often have standardized answers that make it simple to compile data
2. Focus Group Interviews
Interviewing involves asking questions and getting answers from participants in a study.
Interviewing has a variety of forms including individual, face-to-face interviews and
face-to-face group interviewing. The asking and answering of questions can be mediated
 by the telephone or other electronic devices (e.g. computers). Interviews can be – A.
Structured, B. Semi-structure or C. Unstructured.

3. Observation
Observation is a fundamental way of finding out about the world around us. As human
beings, we are very well equipped to pick up detailed information about our environment
through our senses. However, as a method of data collection for research purposes,
observation is more than just looking or listening. Research, simply defined, is
‘systematic enquiry made public’ Firstly, to become systematic, observation must in some
way be selective. We are constantly bombarded by huge amounts of sensory information.
Human beings are good at selectively attending to what is perceived as most useful to us.
Observation harnesses this ability; systematic observation entails careful planning of
what we want to observe.

4. Survey
Survey research is often used to assess thoughts, opinions, and feelings. Survey research
can be specific and limited, or it can have more global, widespread goals. Today, survey
research is used by a variety of different groups. Psychologists and sociologists often use
survey research to analyze behavior, while it is also used to meet the more pragmatic needs
of the media, such as, in evaluating political candidates, public health officials, professional
organizations, and advertising and marketing directors. A survey consists of a
predetermined set of questions that is given to a sample. With a representative sample, that
is, one that is representative of the larger population of interest, one can describe the
attitudes of the population from which the sample was drawn. Further, one can compare the
attitudes of different populations as well as look for changes in attitudes over time. A good
sample selection is key as it allows one to generalize the findings from the sample to the
population, which is the whole purpose of survey research.

Q4. Data analysis (Descriptive and inferential statistics, & Graphs)

Descriptive

Descriptive statistics refers to the analysis of data. Sample data is summarized using charts,
tables, and graphs. Quantitative analysis is difficult when the population is large. Therefore,
a small data sample is interpreted.
This data set is well-formatted and divided structurally. A relation between two data
variables or a common average is established. This is followed by inferential statistics.
Inferential statistics determine whether the conclusions hold true for the whole population or
not.
 Inferential statistics
Inferential statistics is a branch of statistics that is used to make inferences about the
population by analyzing a sample. When the population data is very large it becomes
difficult to use it. In such cases, certain samples are taken that are representative of the entire
population. Inferential statistics draw conclusions regarding the population using these
samples.
Graphs
A data analysis plan is a roadmap for how you’re going to organize and analyze your survey
data—and it should help you achieve three objectives that relate to the goal you set before
you started your survey:
1. Answer your top research questions
2. Use more specific survey questions to understand those answers
3. Segment survey respondents to compare the opinions of different demographic groups