Theory - Composing in PLAN PDF

Course: Introduction to architecture design
Lecturer: PhD. Dorina Papa
Composing in PLAN
26 March 2022
Composing in PLAN
Point REPETITION
Line RYTHEM
Grid HIERARCHY
AXIALITY
Composing in PLAN
The Geometric Point

The geometric point is an invisible thing. Therefore, it must be
defined as an incorporeal thing. Considered in terms of substance,
it equals zero.
Point The point defines the union of silence and speech.
Line It belongs to language and signifies silence.
Grid The Written Word / In the speech
interruption, and at the same time it forms a bridge from one

existence to another.
The plan of the

building can be read as
a group of shapes,
forms, signs and
rhythms similar to a
painting composition.
Dead nature, Le Corbusier

"Volume and surface are elements

through which architecture appears.
They are generated through the
plan: plan is the generating element;
the plan is the basis, without a plan
there is no expression, no rhythm,
no volume, no coherence. Without a
plan, an informal feeling of poverty,
unbearable disorder is created. Le
Corbusier, Towards an Architecture
Suprematism , Malevich
Between1923 - 1930, Malevich produced several

three-dimensional models, assemblies of abstract
shapes that look similar to skyscraper models, called
"architektons".
Suprematism , Malevich
In this quasi architectural sculptures (Malevich) sought to demonstrate the timeless laws of architecture
underlying the ever-changing demands of function. (…)
These studies are purely experimental and the buildings have no function and no internal organization.
Alan Colquhoun: Modern Architecture (Oxford University Press – 2002).
"Volume and surface are elements

through which architecture appears.
They are generated by the plan:
plan is the generating element;
plan is the basis,
without plan there is no expression,
no rhythm, no volume, no
coherence.
Without a plan, an informal feeling
of poverty, unbearable disorder is
created.
Le Corbusier, Towards an Architecture
Suprematism , Chernikov
Peter Zumthor, Vals Terms

Louis Kahn emphasizes the importance of
planimetry, suggesting the reading of
architecture as a musician reads his
composition:
"The architect reads his composition with the

same general view, as a structure with
elements of notes and pauses in music. "As the
notes in the music show the ear the structure of
the composition, similary the plan is the basis
that shows the structure and composition of the
spaces in natural light."
Planimetry expresses the limits of form.
Koncepte hapsinore, L. Fontana


composition:
"The architect reads his composition with

the same general view, as a structure with
elements of notes and pauses in the music.
"As the notes in the music show the ear the
structure of the composition, similarly the
plan is the basis that shows the structure
and composition of the spaces in natural
light."
The Plan shows the limits of form.
Space concept, Lucio Fontana


composition:

light."
Point and lines to plan, Kandinsky


composition:

light."
Point and lines to plan, Kandinsky

POINT
LINE
LINE
LINE
MULTIPLE LINES
COMPOSITION WITH LINES

COMPOSITION WITH LINES
The simplicity of a figurative structure

depends, as Arnheim says, << on the
amount of structural configurations
part of the composition of a model >>
[1] Ritmi, Point and lines to plan, Kandinsky
Arnheim: The more complex the

structure, the greater the need for
order
J. Le Parc, series
[1]Rudolph Arnheim, Arte e percezione visiva, Feltrinelli, Milano 1962

Order in Plan
The word order, from the Latin
"ordo", means either rule (in the
general sense of the word) as well as
series, lines.
Rule of structure, rule of spaces,

materials, functions.
Without meaningful order / style /

rule there are no forms but only
aggregations, or otherwise according
to the famous expression of Louis
Kahn "order is form".
The rule is the very structure of

things, the one that determines to
them not only the form and identity
but also the ways of growth and
change, the systems of relations, the
necessary logics that connect the
constituent elements of things.
Vasarely
Rhythm in plan
The word rhythm defines the order

of the series or the frequency of the
elements of the composition.
In architecture the repetition of
columns, openings, spaces, full
parts and empty parts, creates
different rhythmic sequences.
Rhythmic landscape, Klee

Rhythm in plan
Rhythm in plan
G. Terragni, Casa del fascio; Kopshti Sant Elia

Rhythm in plan
The word rhythm defines the order

of the series or the frequency of the
elements of the composition.
In architecture the repetition of
columns, openings, spaces, full
parts and empty parts, creates
different rhythmic sequences.
Pejzazhi ritmik, Klee

Rhythm in plan
Rhythm in plan
Vila Stein, Le Corbusier

Rhythm in plan
Rhythm in plan
Vila Katsura
Ritmi në planimetri
Rhythm in plan
Rhythm in plan
Rhythm in plan
Repetition/ Rhythm in plan

REPETITION IN PLAN
REPETITION IN PLAN
REPETITION IN PLAN
REPETITION IN PLAN
REPETITION IN PLAN
REPETITION IN PLAN
REPETITION IN PLAN
REPETITION IN PLAN
Church at Vuoksenniska, Finland, 1956, Alvar Aalto

points
lines
grid
GRID COMPOSITION
From the "overlap of the most primitive structural rhythms" (Klee) the most complex system of
relations is created.
GRID COMPOSITION
From the "overlap of the most primitive structural rhythms" (Klee) the most complex system of
relations is created.
GRID COMPOSITION
Isomorphic networks are characterized
by uniform, constant repetition of a
rhythm that can vary from simple
repetition (a, a, a) to a more complex
one (a, a, a, b, a, a, a).
S.Lewit
GRID COMPOSITION
Step-variation grids, which derive from

thinning or densification operations
performed on a base network, can be
characterized by different and complex
rhythmic sequences. The role of
thinning and densification is that of
changing the basic system.
New York city, P. Mondrian

GRID COMPOSITION
Step-variation grids, which derive from

thinning or densification operations
performed on a base network, can be
characterized by different and complex
rhythmic sequences. The role of
thinning and densification is that of
changing the basic system.
P. Mondrian
GRID COMPOSITION
GRID COMPOSITION
In plan
Le Corbusier, Spitali I Venecies

GRID COMPOSITION
In volume
GRID COMPOSITION
In plan
GRID COMPOSITION
In plan
GRID COMPOSITION
Peter Eiseman
GRID COMPOSITION
Parc de la Villete, R. Koohlaas

GRID COMPOSITION
Peter Eiseman
GRID COMPOSITION
Grid rotation
GRID COMPOSITION Grid deformation

GRID COMPOSITION
Grid deformation
GRID COMPOSITION
Forms within a grid
When distributing shapes in an

unmodulated space, there is
always a lot of uncertainty about
their position. On a modulated
surface one must rely on the
module that provides accurate
ratios between the elements.
F. Munari
Fushë shahu me ngjyra të errta, P. Mondrian

GRID COMPOSITION
Forms within a grid
When distributing shapes in an

unmodulated space, there is
always a lot of uncertainty about
their position. On a modulated
surface one must rely on the
module that provides accurate Mondrian
ratios between the elements.
F. Munari
Seri me ngjyra, Richard Paul Lohse

GRID COMPOSITION
Forms within a grid
One rule of visual communication is that of

approaching forms of opposite nature to intensify
the effects of tension.
For Bruno Munari, “the contrasts between order and

chaos, between the simple and the complex,
between the stable and the unstable, between the
static and the dynamic, between the compact and
the expansive, between the dependent and the
dependent, between increase and decrease,
between the ordinary and extraordinary, between the
clear and the mimetic, between the real and the
apparent, costitute simple combinations "
Kompozim, Mario Radice

G. Terragni, Dantum
R. Moneo, Kishe
L. Corbusier, Ronchamp chapele

Insula Dulcamara by Paul Klee

Miralles
Ando _Siza
AXIALITY IN PLAN
symmetric Non-symmetric
AXIALITY IN PLAN
AXIALITY IN PLAN
Casa do Pêgo, 2008, Sintra (PT) – Álvaro Siza Vieira

Hierarchy of dimention
HIRARCHY IN PLAN
Hierarchy of form
KONTRAST
Hierarchy of position
HIERARCHY IN PLAN
HIERARCHY IN PLAN
Assembly Chandigarh le Corbusier

HIERARCHY IN PLAN
HIERARCHY IN PLAN
HIERARCHY IN PLAN
HIERARCHY IN PLAN
HIERARCHY IN PLAN
_ESO Hotel, Cerro Paranal_ Auer

Weber Architekte
SPACE ORGANIZATION
SPACE ORGANIZATION
SPACE ORGANIZATION
SPACE ORGANIZATION
SPACE ORGANIZATION
SPACE ORGANIZATION
SPACE ORGANIZATION

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Course: Introduction to architecture design

Lecturer: PhD. Dorina Papa

The Geometric Point

interruption, and at the same time it forms a bridge from one

The plan of the

Dead nature, Le Corbusier

"Volume and surface are elements

Between1923 - 1930, Malevich produced several

"Volume and surface are elements

Peter Zumthor, Vals Terms

"The architect reads his composition with the

Planimetry expresses the limits of form.

Koncepte hapsinore, L. Fontana

Louis Kahn emphasizes the importance of

"The architect reads his composition with

The Plan shows the limits of form.

Space concept, Lucio Fontana

Louis Kahn emphasizes the importance of

"The architect reads his composition with

The Plan shows the limits of form.

Point and lines to plan, Kandinsky

Louis Kahn emphasizes the importance of

"The architect reads his composition with

The Plan shows the limits of form.

Point and lines to plan, Kandinsky

COMPOSITION WITH LINES

COMPOSITION WITH LINES

The simplicity of a figurative structure

Arnheim: The more complex the

[1]Rudolph Arnheim, Arte e percezione visiva, Feltrinelli, Milano 1962

Rule of structure, rule of spaces,

Without meaningful order / style /

The rule is the very structure of

The word rhythm defines the order

Rhythmic landscape, Klee

G. Terragni, Casa del fascio; Kopshti Sant Elia

The word rhythm defines the order

Pejzazhi ritmik, Klee

Vila Stein, Le Corbusier

Repetition/ Rhythm in plan

Church at Vuoksenniska, Finland, 1956, Alvar Aalto

Step-variation grids, which derive from

New York city, P. Mondrian

Step-variation grids, which derive from

Le Corbusier, Spitali I Venecies

Parc de la Villete, R. Koohlaas

GRID COMPOSITION Grid deformation

When distributing shapes in an

Fushë shahu me ngjyra të errta, P. Mondrian

When distributing shapes in an

Seri me ngjyra, Richard Paul Lohse

One rule of visual communication is that of

For Bruno Munari, “the contrasts between order and

Kompozim, Mario Radice

L. Corbusier, Ronchamp chapele

Insula Dulcamara by Paul Klee

Casa do Pêgo, 2008, Sintra (PT) – Álvaro Siza Vieira

Assembly Chandigarh le Corbusier

_ESO Hotel, Cerro Paranal_ Auer

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