EXERCISE: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

1 What is meant by chemistry?

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[1 mark]

2 List out five types of chemicals used in daily life.

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[1 mark]

3 Give one example of development of chemistry in industries.

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[1 mark]
4 List out at least three careers related to chemistry in the following situations:
a) Searching for an antidote for dengeu fever.
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[1 mark]
b) Producing palm trees with a high content of oil
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[1 mark]
5 What is meant by scientific method?
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[1 mark]

6 Why is a scientific method important in chemistry?

State your opinion.
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[1 mark]

7 You are given a bucket of ice cubes, a little sugar , a measuring cylinder and a stop
watch.
Plan an experiment to determine whether sugar increases the melting rate of the ice.
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[10 marks]
8 List out three steps while in the laboratory.
i) .....................................................................................................................................
ii) ....................................................................................................................................
iii)....................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]

9 Give the functionof the following equipments:

a) Fume chamber
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[1 mark]
b) Safety shower
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[1 mark]
c) Laboratory coat
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[1 mark]

10 How would you manage solid wastes such as glass and rubber in the laboratory?
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[1 mark]

11 Explain how you would test the presence of oxygen and hydrogen gase.
i) Oxygen gas : ...............................................................................................................
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[2 marks]

ii) Hydrogen gas : ...........................................................................................................

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[2 marks]

12 Explain how you can get the most accurate reading in titration?
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[1 mark]

13 Chemicals are substances that cannot be ignored in our daily lives.

a) State five types of chemicals that are commonly used in daily life.
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[5 marks]
b) For each chemical stated in (a) , state its use.
i)....................................................................................................................................
ii)...................................................................................................................................
iii)..................................................................................................................................
iv)..................................................................................................................................
v)...................................................................................................................................
[5 marks]
14 a) Name three industries in Malaysia that use knowledge of chemistry.
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[3 marks]

b) How do the industries stated in (a) benefit our country.

i)..................................................................................................................................
ii)...................................................................................................................................
iii)..................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]

15 List out three types of personal protective equipment and state the function of each
equipment.
i)...................................................................................................................................
ii)...................................................................................................................................
iii)..................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]

16 Complete the following chart on the steps involved in a scientific method.

Making Making an Identifying the

observation inference problem

Writing
A report

17 State the safety steps that should be taken to overcome mercury spill accidents that
occur in the school laboratory.
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[4 marks]
18 Three pieces of cloth with a size of 10 cm x 10 cm each are sprinkled wuth 20 cm3 of
distilled water. Then all the pieces of cloth are folded in different styles and left to dry
at room temperature. The time taken for each piece to dry is recorded.
a) Explain why the three pieces of cloth are folded in different styles?
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[1 mark]
b) Suggest a hypothesis for this experiment.
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[1 mark]

c) Make an inference for this experiment.

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[1 mark]

d) Determine the variables involved in this experiment.

Manipulated variable: .................................................................................................
[1 mark]

Responding variable: .................................................................................................

[1 mark]
Fixed variable: ............................................................................................................
[1 mark]

e) Construct a suitable table to record the readings in this experiment.

[2 marks]

19 Diagram 1 shows several examples of waste substances in the school laboratory .

Diagram 1
a) Based on Diagram 1, list out wastes that cannot be disposed into the school sink or
the rubbish bin.
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[4 marks]
 b) Explain how to manage the waste substances listed in (a) correctly.
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[3 marks]

20 Samad is a farmer. He plants various types of vegetables to supply the local market.
However, lately, Samad realised that the produce was unsatisfactory and the growth of
vegetables was stunted, or the vegetables had died off. He suspected the soil to be
acidic. As a scientist , you are asked to Samad to determine the most suitable pH value
of the soil for planting vegetables. Suggest a suitable hypothesis and state briefly how
you can control the variables in this experiment.
Hypothesis:.....................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Manipulated variable: ......................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Responding variable: ......................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Fixed variable: .................................................................................................................
[1 mark]