“am. ip =e 2) WiNCuBaTION ed A soxtishing your dear G vide UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT &deilennd meqjaelwoe! Re-accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ Grade BSc PSYCHOLOGY Semester 3 so PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT AND TESTING www.pepponline.inContents Measurement Level of measurement Properties of scale of measurements Difference between psychological and physical measurement . Psychological scaling methods www.pepponiine.inIntroduction to Measurement and Scaling Techniques Measurement leasurement is defining measurement as assignment of numerals according to rules” - Tyler (1963;7) ‘* “Measurement consist of rules for assigning numbers to objects in such a way as to represent quantities of attributes”- Nunnally (1970:7) Levels of measurement Types of Scale Magnitude Equal interval Absolute Zero Nominal Scale No No No ‘Ordinal Scale Yes No. No. Interval Scale Yes Yes No Ratio Scale Yes Yes Yes Properties of scales of measurement There are three important properties that make scale of measurement different from one another- 1. Magnitude: Magnitude is defined as the property of “moreness”. Magnitude if it can be said that a particular instance of the attribute represents more, less, or equal amounts of the given quantity than does another instance. 2. Equal intervals: A scale has the property of equal intervals if the difference between any two points at any place on the scale has the same meaning as the difference between two other paints that differ by the same number of scale units. 3. Absolute Zero: An absolute zero is said to exist when nothing of the property being measured exist. www.pepponiine.inDistinction between psychological measurement and physical measurement ‘© In physical measurement unit of measurement is fixed and constant throughout the measurement whereas in psychological measurement the unit of measurement is not fixed and varies during the process of measurement. ‘© In physical measurement there is a true zero point whereas in psychological ‘measurement there is an arbitrary zero point. By a true zero point is meant a point which actually represents the underlying absence of the trait being measured whereas by an arbitrary zero point we mean a point which does not represent the underlying absence of the trait being measured. * Physical measurement is more accurate and predicable than psychological measurement. This is because in physical measurement there is a true zero point. ‘* Physical measurement is direct whereas psychological measurement is indirect. ‘© Inphysical measurement the entire quantity can be measured whereas in psychological measurement the entire quantity cannot be measured but only a sample representing that quantity or trait, Problems in psychological measurements Indirect of measurement Incomplete of measurement Relativity of measurement Errors in measurement Psychophysical/ psychological scaling methods Method of Average Error: a psychophysical technique in which the participant adjusts a variable stimulus to match a constant or standard Method of Minimal Changes: an experimental technique whereby stimuli are presented in ascending and descending magnitude until the participant cannot detect a change, hence finding the threshold value Method of Constant Stimuli: a psychophysical procedure for determining the sensory threshold by randomly presenting several stimuli known to be close to the threshold. The threshold is the stimulus value that was detected 50% of the time. Also called constant stimulus method; method of right and wrong cases Method of Pair Comparison: Method of Rank Order: a procedure in which a participant sorts various study stimuli (e.9., cards, pictures, words, people) from highest to lowest on a dimension of interest. www.pepponiine.in[ 4 ) ears of Premiey enronce Bcc. Preparation Program [74-[8] JOIN PEPP GUIDE WHATSAPP GROUP SUBSCRIBE PEPP YOUTUBE CHANNEL Download PEPP Learning App Fulfill your central university dream with the! coaching program in Kerala For Admission Related Queries: Call: +91 808925250, +91 8891359553 Visit: www.pepponline.inIF YOU HAVE A DREAM YOURE rN | Fulfill your central university dream with the coaching program in Kerala P2) Download PEPP Learning App Pe OSes elt Visit: www.